My高中英语句子成分基本句型精品课件
基本句型 三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，
都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，
必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意
思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
Ｓ │Ｖ（及物动词）│ Ｏ（宾语）
1. Who │knows │the answer?
2. He │has refused │to help them.
㈤宾语补足语
• • • • • • • I found the book interesting. Do you smell something burning? He made himself known to them. She asked me to lend her a hand. Please make yourself at home. Please keep the dog out. We must keep it a secret.
●.please pass me the book.
=pass the book to me
●.He bought me some flowers.
=buy some flowers for me
● I will play you a game of chess.
= play a game of chess with you
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语
㈦状语
• 用于修饰形容词,副词,动词,介词短语或句子. 可表示时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方式,伴随, 条件,程度,让步,频率等. • I will be back in a while. • They are playing on the playground. • He was late because he got up late. • He got up so late that I missed the train.
↓ 定 语 ↓ 宾 语 ↓ 同 位 语 ↓ 状 语
㈠主语
• Jane is good at playing the piano. • She went out in a hurry. • Four plus four is eight. • To see is to believe. • Smoking is bad for health. • The young should respect the old. • What he has said is true. 一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词、不定式、 动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型 及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
一： Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓） 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表） 三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 四： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
五： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
句子成分 Members of a Sentence
*句子成分由词或词组或句子充当 英 语 的 基 本 成 分 有 七 种 ： ________________________________________ 主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、 ________________________________________ 表语（predicative）、 宾语（object）、
宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、 介词短语和从句充当
主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补. I last saw him playing near the river. →He was last seen playing near the river.
The teacher caught the student cheating in the exam → The student was caught cheating in the exam We made him monitor. → He was made monitor. He pushed the door open. →The door was pushed open.
基本句型 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能 表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状
态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动
词叫做连系动词。
1. The war was over. 2. They seem to know the truth. 3. Time is precious. 4. I’m not quite myself today. 5. Who was the first? 6. He is out of condition.
The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now? There is nothing interesting in this book.
㈡谓语
• 简单谓语:由及物动词/不及物动词+介副词 / 组成 • I saw the flag on the top of the hill? • He looked after two orphans. • 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; 或由系动词+表语组成 • He can speak English well. • We are students.
• • • • • • •
I waited to see you. He often went to school by bus. His parents died,leaving him an orphan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness. He always comes late to school.
由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动 名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示
㈣宾语
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物,间接宾语指人. • He gave me some books. ↓ ↓ 直接 间接 宾语 宾语
●I like my job. ●I love you. ●He wanted to leave here. ●They enjoyed playing computer games. ● We are discussing where we are going to spend the weekend.
谓语一般放在主语之后
㈢表语
• 在系动词后的部分就是表语 • 常见的系动词有: • 表状态be(am,is,are,were,was)/appear look/seem/feel/smell/taste/sound • 表变化turn/ become/get/grow/go 表保持 keep/remain/stay Prove seem 系动词不用于被动语态. • The apple tastes sweet. • The weather remains fine .
7. The book is what I need.
*There be 结构： There be 表示‘存在有’。这
里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词‘there那里’
混淆。
此结构后跟名词，表示‘（存在）有某事物’
试比较：There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男 孩。） 前一个there无实意，后一个there为副词‘那里’。
2. Who │cares?
3. What he said │does not matter.
4. They │talked for half an hour.
5. The pen │writes smoothly 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词 都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词， 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
________________________________________ 定语（attribute）、 状语(adverbial)
补语（complement）。 和_________________________
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ ↓ 主 谓 语 语
㈥定语
• • • • • • • •
(形容词) He is a clever boy. His father works in a steel work.(名词) ( There are 54students in our class.数词) ( Do you known Betty’s sister?名词的所有格) ( He bought some sleeping pills. 动名词) There is a sleeping baby in bed.(现在分词) His spoken language is good. (过去分词) I met a friend on my way home. (副词)
基本句型 五： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词， 但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上 一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。 宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。
注意： 有些动词引导的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语，这类动 词有 give, hand, show, send, bring, pass, lend, teach, tell, write, throw, sell, email等，表示动作是对谁做的。如： Can you lend us your car? =Can you lend your car to us? 有些动词引导的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语，这类动 词有 buy, play, get, make, order, choose, sing, pay等，表 示动作是为谁做的。如： My uncle bought me a watch. =My uncle bought a watch for me.
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高一英语《英语句子成分及基本结构》PPT课件
谓语(predicate)
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的
构成如下：
• 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：由情态动词或其他助动词加动词 原形构成。如：You may keep the book for
（介词短语）
We will soon make our city what your city is now. （从句）
定语(attributive)
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成 分表示：
Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词） China is a developing country; America is a developed country. （分词） There are thirty women teachers in our school.（名词） His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（代词） Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式 短语） The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（动名词） He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介词短语）
独立成分
有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分，称为句 子独立成分 感叹词：oh,hello,aha,ah,等。 肯定词yes 否定词no 称呼语：mum, dad。 插入语：一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。 如: The story, I think, has never come to the end 情态词,表示说话人的语气（多作为修饰全句的状 语）:perhaps也许,maybe大概,actually实际上,certainly当 然，等。
高中英语句子成分和基本结构2(共25张PPT)
It was he who helped me when I was in trouble
3.形容词性物主代词：用作句子的定语，之后必须 带名词，不能单独使用。 e.g This is my book. That’s his book. 4.名词性物主代词:=形容词性物主代词+名词：相 当于一个名词词组，只能单独使用，之后不能带 名词
5. I have a beautiful cat. I_ts______name is Mimi. These cakes are _it_s_____. ( it ) 6. Are these _th_e_i_r__ tickets? No. T_h_e__ir_s_ aren’t here. ( they )
Look! Those stamps are ___h_is___. ( he ) 18. So many dogs. Let’s count __th_e_m____. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. ___H__e___ is only 3. I like ___h_im____ very much. ( he ) 20. May I sit beside ___y_o_u____? ( you )
主代词
主代词
反身代词
单数
I
第一
人称
复数 we
me my mine myself us our ours ourselves
第二 人称
单数 复数
第三 人称
单数
复数
you you your yours yourself
you you your yours yourselves
he him his she her her it it its
高中英语语法 英语句子成分课件(共21张)
It 作形式主语，crying over the spilt milk 动名词短语作真正的主语。
练习，直出下列句子的主语由何充当 1.Studying English is very important. 动名词短语作主语
2.To teach him a lesson seems quite necessary. 不定式短语作主语
变式：主语 +谓语(及物动词) + 直接宾语（物）+
介词+ 间接宾语（人）She gave a book to John
5、主语 +谓语(及物动词) + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
She makes her mother angry
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
巩固练习
指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分
11. He managed to finish the work in time. 12. Tom came to ask me for advice. 13. He found it important to master English. 14. Do you have anything else to say? 15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not
It is obvious that he was wrong. It 作形式主语，that he was wrong 主语
从句作真正的主语。
It is no use crying over the spilt milk. It’s no use doing sth. 做某事是没用的 spill – spilt – spilt (使) 洒出，ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้出 覆水难收。
练习，直出下列句子的主语由何充当 1.Studying English is very important. 动名词短语作主语
2.To teach him a lesson seems quite necessary. 不定式短语作主语
变式：主语 +谓语(及物动词) + 直接宾语（物）+
介词+ 间接宾语（人）She gave a book to John
5、主语 +谓语(及物动词) + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
She makes her mother angry
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
巩固练习
指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分
11. He managed to finish the work in time. 12. Tom came to ask me for advice. 13. He found it important to master English. 14. Do you have anything else to say? 15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not
It is obvious that he was wrong. It 作形式主语，that he was wrong 主语
从句作真正的主语。
It is no use crying over the spilt milk. It’s no use doing sth. 做某事是没用的 spill – spilt – spilt (使) 洒出，ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้出 覆水难收。
《英语的句子成分》课件
状语要素：时间、地点、方式、目的、条 件、程度
时间
地点
方式
说明动作发生的时间或持续多久。 描述动作发生的特定地点或范围。 表明动作发生的方式或方法。
目的
解释动作发生的原因或目标。
条件
说明动作发生的条件或前提。
程度
表示动作或状态的程度或强度。
例句示例
1
主题
My dog
谓语
2
likes to chase squirrels
运用句子构成要素写出更好的句子
1 清晰度
通过使用具体而详细的构成要素，使句子更清晰易懂。
2 强调
通过精确选择构成要素来强调句子中的重要信息。
3 表达能力
通过调整句子构成要素，准确表达想法和意图。
练习识别句子构成要素
尝试识别以下句子中的主题、谓语、宾语、补语和状语： He is a talented musician who plays the piano beautifully every evening. I gave my best friend a surprise gift on her birthday. Her dream is to travel around the world someday.
宾语要素：直接宾语、间接宾语
1 直接宾语
接受行为动词的动作或影响。
2 间接宾语
接受由行为动词传递给其他人或事物的东西。
补语要素：谓语性名词、谓语性形容词、 宾语补语
1
谓语性名词
补充主题或宾语信息，跟谓语形成逻辑上的平衡。
2
谓语性形容词
描述主题或宾语的性质或状态。
3
宾语补语
完善宾语的意义，通常跟及物动词搭配使用。
高中英语句子成分基本句型课件公开课
04
课件教学方法
教学方法介绍
讲解法：通过讲解语法规则和例句，帮助学生理解句子成分和基本句型
练习法：通过练习题和例句，让学生在实际应用中掌握句子成分和基本句型
讨论法：通过小组讨论和分享，让学生互相学习，共同提高 游戏法：通过游戏和竞赛，激发学生的学习兴趣，提高学习效果
教学方法特点
互动式教学： 通过提问、讨 论等方式，提 高学生的参与 度和学习兴趣
03
课件内容详解
句子成分介绍
宾语：表示动作的承受者或 接受者，通常位于谓语之后
谓语：表示主语的行为或状 态，通常位于主语之后
主语：句子的主要行动者或 接受者，通常位于句首
定语：修饰名词或代词，通 常位于名词或代词之前
状语：修饰动词、形容词、副 词或整个句子，通常位于句首
或句尾
补语：补充说明主语或宾语 的情况，通常位于句尾
案例教学：通 过具体的案例， 帮助学生理解 和掌握知识点
情景教学：创 设真实的语言 环境，让学生 在实际情境中 运用所学知识
任务教学：通 过布置任务， 让学生在完成 任务的过程中 学习和掌握知
识
教学方法应用实例
情景教学法：通过创设情境，让学生在情境中理解和掌握英语句子成分和基本句型。
游戏教学法：通过设计有趣的游戏，让学生在游戏中学习和掌握英语句子成分和基本句型。
内容：包括名词、动词、形容词、副词等句子成分，以及简单句、复合句、并列句等基本句 型
教学方法：通过实例讲解、练习和互动问答等方式进行教学
课件结构
开场白：介绍课程内容、目的和意义
基本句型介绍：介绍高中英语基本句型，包 括主谓宾、主系表等
句型结构分析：对基本句型进行详细分析， 包括句子成分、结构特点等
高中英语语法-句子成分ppt课件
• Children who live by the sea usually begin to swim at an early age.
定语：限定或修饰名词或相当于名词的词
常由形容词或相当于形容词的短语
或从句担任，形容词位于名词之前
短语或从句置于名词之后。
最新版整理ppt
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句子成分
• The parents named their baby Tony.
谓语
宾语
状语
宾语：及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系
的对象，常由名词或相当于名词的
词担任，位于动词或介词之后
最新版整理ppt
4
句子成分
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
状语：修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句
常由副词或相当于副词的词组担任
可置于动词之前或之后
补语：用来补充主语和宾语的意义 一般都着重说明主语或宾语的身份
或特征
最新版整理ppt
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句子基本结构
1. Day dawns. 天亮了。
主语S
谓语V
2. Tom is a professor.
主语S 连系动词L
表语P
最新版. Ruth understands French.
句子成分：主干+枝叶
主、谓、宾（直接宾语和间接宾语）定、状、 补（主补和宾补）、表。
最新版整理ppt
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句子成分
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
主语：一句话的主体，英语句子中不可
高三英语语法总复习句子成分和基本句型讲解PPT课件
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表语：
• 表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动 名词，短语，或者从句充当．表语位于系动词后面．
I am a teacher.
She is happy.
Everybody is here.
They are at home now.
getting cold. He often went hungry.
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3.能用不定式作表语的系动词有：appear， seem ， get， prove， remain， turn out等。
She appears/ seems to be very young.
• 它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式， 现在分词和过去分词充当． • If you let me go, I’ll make you king.
• Leave the door open.
•We found John out when we arrived.
• Make yourself at home.
第19页共81页20218120系动词后的表语可以是名词系动词后的表语可以是名词代词代词数词数词形容形容分词分词动名词动名词不定式不定式副词副词介词短语介词短语词组词组从句从句系动词系动词bebe可用于上述所有情况可用于上述所有情况
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什么是句子？
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是 能表达一个完整概念的语言单位．句子的第
H语e充d当id，it也c可ar由e从fu句lly来. 充 当 ．
Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.
高考英语_句子成分和句型课件
6.His job is to teach English. （不定式） 7.His hobby is playing football. （动名词） 8.The meeting is of great importance. （介词短语） 9.Time is up. The class is over. （副词） 10.The truth is that he has never been abroad. （表语从句）
应试策略
考点一、谓语动词
1.The exam, which was originally to be was changed held in our classroom, ____________ (change) to the library at the last minute. 2.They didn’t take many chances in their lives. They usually _________ followed (follow) orders. 3.I had to leave work to take him to the had broken hospital because he __________ (break) his finger.
（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
（三）谓语
• 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或 具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语， 一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： • 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构 成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock.
应试策略
括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子
高中英语句子成分和句型课件
eleven.
一个完整的句子做状语， 那么这个句子叫状语从句。
试一试：
(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词 . ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by m y mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
句子
• • • • •
常见的系动词有: be(am,is,are,were,was), look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound, keep,stay,become,get,grow,come,go, ….
The cake tastes nice. The water feels cold. These stories sound interesting.
一个完整的句子做表语， 那么这个句子叫表语从句。
(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 ① He asked her to take the boy out of school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
（三）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。 动词/动词短语 介词 宾语一般放在___________之后。_____词 后也会跟宾语。 • She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n • We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron • Do you mind opening the window? 动名词 • Give me four please. 代词和数词 • He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式 • We need know what others are doing. 句子 • We should care more about our friends. 介词+名词
一个完整的句子做状语， 那么这个句子叫状语从句。
试一试：
(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词 . ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by m y mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
句子
• • • • •
常见的系动词有: be(am,is,are,were,was), look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound, keep,stay,become,get,grow,come,go, ….
The cake tastes nice. The water feels cold. These stories sound interesting.
一个完整的句子做表语， 那么这个句子叫表语从句。
(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 ① He asked her to take the boy out of school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
（三）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。 动词/动词短语 介词 宾语一般放在___________之后。_____词 后也会跟宾语。 • She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n • We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron • Do you mind opening the window? 动名词 • Give me four please. 代词和数词 • He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式 • We need know what others are doing. 句子 • We should care more about our friends. 介词+名词