02-二层技术-以太网交换配置指导-以太网链路聚合配置
03-二层技术-以太网交换配置指导-端口隔离配置
目录1 端口隔离配置.....................................................................................................................................1-11.1 端口隔离简介.....................................................................................................................................1-11.2 配置隔离组........................................................................................................................................1-11.2.1 将端口加入隔离组...................................................................................................................1-11.3 隔离组显示和维护.............................................................................................................................1-11.4 端口隔离典型配置举例......................................................................................................................1-21 端口隔离配置1.1 端口隔离简介为了实现报文之间的二层隔离，可以将不同的端口加入不同的VLAN，但会浪费有限的VLAN资源。
【思唯网络】华为以太网链路聚合原理及配置
【思唯网络】华为以太网链路聚合原理及配置一、组网拓扑二、配置手工模式下Eth-Trunk的建立、成员接口的加入由手工配置，没有LACP（链路聚合控制协议）的参与。
当需要在两个直连设备间提供一个较大的链路带宽而设备又不支持LACP时，可以使用手工模式。
同时手工模式下，所有的活动链路都参与数据转发并分担流量。
1、手动模式配置<HUAWEI> system-view[HUAWEI] sysname SwitchA[SwitchA] interface eth-trunk 1 //创建ID为1的Eth-Trunk接口[SwitchA-Eth-Trunk1] trunkport gigabitethernet 0/0/1 to 0/0/3 //在Eth-Trunk1接口中加入GE0/0/1到GE0/0/3三个成员接口[SwitchA-Eth-Trunk1] port link-type trunk //设置接口链路类型为trunk，接口缺省链路类型不是trunk口[SwitchA-Eth-Trunk1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 5 10[SwitchA-Eth-Trunk1] load-balance src-dst-mac //配置Eth-Trunk1基于源MAC地址与目的MAC地址进行负载分担[SwitchA-Eth-Trunk1] quit2、手动模式配置验证在任意视图下执行display eth-trunk 1命令，检查Eth-Trunk是否创建成功，及成员接口是否正确加入。
[SwitchA] display eth-trunk 1Eth-Trunk1's state information is:WorkingMode: NORMAL Hash arithmetic: According to SA-XOR-DALeast Active-linknumber: 1 Max Bandwidth-affected-linknumber: 8Operate status: up Number Of Up Port In Trunk: 3--------------------------------------------------------------------------------PortName Status WeightGigabitEthernet0/0/1 Up 1GigabitEthernet0/0/2 Up 1GigabitEthernet0/0/3 Up 1从以上信息看出Eth-Trunk 1中包含3个成员接口GigabitEthernet0/0/1、GigabitEthernet0/0/2和GigabitEthernet0/0/3，成员接口的状态都为Up。
03-二层技术-以太网交换命令参考-LLDP命令
display lldp local-information 命令用来显示 LLDP 本地信息，这些信息将将根据端口 TLV 使能情 况被组织成 TLV 发送给邻居设备。
【命令】
display lldp local-information [ global | interface interface-type interface-number ] 【视图】
目录
1 LLDP·················································································································································· 1-1 1.1 LLDP配置命令···································································································································1-1 1.1.1 display lldp local-information ··································································································1-1 1.1.2 display lldp neighbor-information····························································································1-6 1.1.3 display lldp statistics·············································································································1-11 1.1.4 display lldp status ·················································································································1-14 1.1.5 display lldp tlv-config ············································································································1-17 1.1.6 lldp admin-status ··················································································································1-20 1.1.7 lldp check-change-interval····································································································1-21 1.1.8 lldp compliance admin-status cdp ························································································1-22 1.1.9 lldp compliance cdp··············································································································1-23 1.1.10 lldp enable ··························································································································1-23 1.1.11 lldp encapsulation snap······································································································1-24 1.1.12 lldp fast-count ·····················································································································1-25 1.1.13 lldp global enable ···············································································································1-25 1.1.14 lldp hold-multiplier ··············································································································1-26 1.1.15 lldp management-address-format string ············································································1-27 1.1.16 lldp max-credit ····················································································································1-27 1.1.17 lldp mode ····························································································································1-28 1.1.18 lldp notification med-topology-change enable····································································1-29 1.1.19 lldp notification remote-change enable ··············································································1-29 1.1.20 lldp timer fast-interval ·········································································································1-30 1.1.21 lldp timer notification-interval······························································································1-31 1.1.22 lldp timer reinit-delay ··········································································································1-31 1.1.23 lldp timer tx-interval ············································································································1-32 1.1.24 lldp tlv-enable ·····················································································································1-32
04-二层技术-以太网交换命令参考-以太网链路聚合命令
• 当设备处于 IRF 模式且配置了 IRF 增强功能时，不能再创建三层以太网接口/子接口、三层聚合 接口/子接口。
1.1 以太网链路聚合配置命令
【举例】 # 配置二层聚合接口 1 的描述信息为“link-aggregation interface”。
<Sysname> system-view [Sysname] interface Bridge-Aggregation 1 [Sysname-Bridge-Aggregation1] description link-aggregation interface
目录
1 以太网链路聚合 ································································································································· 1-1 1.1 以太网链路聚合配置命令 ··················································································································1-1 1.1.1 default·····································································································································1-1 1.1.2 description ······························································································································1-2 1.1.3 display interface······················································································································1-2 1.1.4 display lacp system-id ············································································································1-6 1.1.5 display link-aggregation load-sharing mode···········································································1-7 1.1.6 display link-aggregation member-port····················································································1-8 1.1.7 display link-aggregation summary························································································1-10 1.1.8 display link-aggregation verbose··························································································1-11 1.1.9 enable snmp trap updown ····································································································1-13 1.1.10 interface bridge-aggregation ······························································································1-14 1.1.11 interface route-aggregation ································································································1-14 1.1.12 lacp period short ·················································································································1-15 1.1.13 lacp system-priority ············································································································1-16 1.1.14 link-aggregation irf-enhanced·····························································································1-16 1.1.15 link-aggregation lacp traffic-redirect-notification enable·····················································1-17 1.1.16 link-aggregation load-sharing mode···················································································1-17 1.1.17 link-aggregation mode········································································································1-19 1.1.18 link-aggregation port-priority·······························································································1-19 1.1.19 link-aggregation selected-port maximum ···········································································1-20 1.1.20 link-aggregation selected-port minimum ············································································1-20 1.1.21 mtu······································································································································1-21 1.1.22 port link-aggregation group ································································································1-22 1.1.23 reset counters interface······································································································1-22 1.1.24 reset lacp statistics ·············································································································1-23 1.1.25 shutdown ····························································································································1-23
链路聚合配置
目录1 链路聚合配置 ....................................................................................................................................... 1-11.1 链路聚合简介.................................................................................................................................... 1-11.1.1 链路聚合的作用...................................................................................................................... 1-11.1.2 链路聚合的基本概念 .............................................................................................................. 1-11.1.3 链路聚合的模式...................................................................................................................... 1-31.1.4 聚合组的负载分担类型........................................................................................................... 1-41.2 配置静态聚合组 ................................................................................................................................ 1-51.3 配置动态聚合组 ................................................................................................................................ 1-61.4 聚合接口基本配置............................................................................................................................. 1-81.4.1 配置聚合接口描述信息........................................................................................................... 1-81.4.2 配置三层聚合接口/三层聚合子接口的最大传输单元MTU ..................................................... 1-91.4.3 开启聚合接口链路状态变化Trap功能................................................................................... 1-91.4.4 关闭聚合接口 ....................................................................................................................... 1-101.5 配置聚合负载分担模式 ................................................................................................................... 1-101.6 链路聚合显示与维护....................................................................................................................... 1-111.7 链路聚合典型配置举例 ................................................................................................................... 1-111.7.1 二层静态聚合配置举例......................................................................................................... 1-111.7.2 二层动态聚合配置举例......................................................................................................... 1-121.7.3 二层聚合负载分担模式配置举例 .......................................................................................... 1-131.7.4 三层静态聚合配置举例......................................................................................................... 1-141.7.5 三层动态聚合配置举例......................................................................................................... 1-151.7.6 三层聚合负载分担模式配置举例 .......................................................................................... 1-16本文中标有“请以实际情况为准”的特性描述，表示各型号对于此特性的支持情况可能不同，本节将对此进行说明。
01-03 以太网链路聚合配置
54
E600 教育网系列交换机 配置指南-以太网交换
3 以太网链路聚合配置
如图3-2所示，DeviceA与DeviceB之间创建Eth-Trunk，手工模式下三条活动链路都参与 数据转发并分担流量。当一条链路故障时，故障链路无法转发数据，链路聚合组自动 在剩余的两条活动链路中分担流量。
图 3-2 手工模式链路聚合
目的
随着网络规模不断扩大，用户对骨干链路的带宽和可靠性提出越来越高的要求。在传 统技术中，常用更换高速率的设备的方式来增加带宽，但这种方案需要付出高额的费 用，而且不够灵活。
采用链路聚合技术可以在不进行硬件升级的条件下，通过将多个物理接口捆绑为一个 逻辑接口，达到增加链路带宽的目的。在实现增大带宽目的的同时，链路聚合采用备 份链路的机制，可以有效的提高设备之间链路的可靠性。
如果在备份链路中无法找到可用链路，并且目前处于活动状态的链路数目低于配 置的活动接口数下限阈值，那么系统将会把聚合接口关闭。
文档版本 07 (2018-09-25)
版权所有 © 华为技术有限公司
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E600 教育网系列交换机 配置指南-以太网交换
图 3-1 Eth-Trunk 示意图
3 以太网链路聚合配置
以下是链路聚合的一些基本概念：
l 链路聚合组和链路聚合接口 链路聚合组LAG（Link Aggregation Group）是指将若干条以太链路捆绑在一起所 形成的逻辑链路。
l 接口LACP优先级
接口LACP优先级是为了区别同一个Eth-Trunk中的不同接口被选为活动接口的优先 程度，优先级高的接口将优先被选为活动接口。接口LACP优先级值越小，优先级 越高。
l 成员接口间M:N备份
LACP模式链路聚合由LACP确定聚合组中的活动和非活动链路，又称为M:N模 式，即M条活动链路与N条备份链路的模式。这种模式提供了更高的链路可靠性， 并且可以在M条链路中实现不同方式的负载均衡。
03-二层技术-以太网交换配置指导-QinQ配置
目录1 QinQ配置...........................................................................................................................................1-11.1 QinQ简介...........................................................................................................................................1-11.1.1 QinQ的产生背景和优点..........................................................................................................1-11.1.2 QinQ的实现原理.....................................................................................................................1-11.1.3 QinQ的报文结构.....................................................................................................................1-21.1.4 QinQ的实现方式.....................................................................................................................1-31.1.5 VLAN Tag的TPID值可调功能.................................................................................................1-31.1.6 协议规范.................................................................................................................................1-41.2 QinQ配置任务简介............................................................................................................................1-41.3 配置基本QinQ功能............................................................................................................................1-51.3.1 使能基本QinQ功能..................................................................................................................1-51.3.2 配置VLAN透传功能.................................................................................................................1-51.4 配置灵活QinQ功能............................................................................................................................1-61.4.1 配置外层VLAN Tag的添加策略..............................................................................................1-61.4.2 配置内、外层VLAN Tag中802.1p优先级的映射关系.............................................................1-71.4.3 配置内层VLAN ID替换关系.....................................................................................................1-81.5 配置VLAN Tag的TPID值...................................................................................................................1-91.6 QinQ典型配置举例............................................................................................................................1-91.6.1 基本QinQ配置举例..................................................................................................................1-91.6.2 灵活QinQ配置举例................................................................................................................1-121.6.3 VLAN透传配置举例...............................................................................................................1-151 QinQ配置本特性仅在SAP板工作在二层模式时支持。
以太网交换及二层协议培训
以太网交换及二层协议培训一、以太网交换概述以太网是一种常用的局域网技术，通过以太网交换可以构建高速、可靠的网络环境。
以太网交换是指在局域网中使用交换机将数据包从一个端口转发到另一个端口，并通过合适的算法来决定数据包的转发路径。
以太网交换可以提供快速的数据转发、广播域划分、数据冲突的避免等功能。
二、以太网交换的基本原理以太网交换的基本原理是通过学习和转发机制实现数据包的转发。
当交换机收到一个数据包时，交换机会根据数据包中的目的MAC地址来学习源MAC地址与端口的对应关系，同时建立转发表。
之后，当交换机收到数据包时，交换机会检查转发表，根据目的MAC地址找到对应的端口，并将数据包转发到对应的端口上。
如此反复，数据包可以在交换机之间快速、准确地转发。
三、以太网交换的优势相比传统的集线器，以太网交换具有以下优势：1.提供更高的带宽：以太网交换可以同时传输多个数据包，大大提高了局域网的带宽。
2.提供更快的转发速度：交换机使用专用的硬件进行转发，而不需要进行广播，因此具有更快的转发速度。
3.实现广播域划分：以太网交换可以将局域网划分为多个广播域，可以减少广播带来的网络拥塞。
4.避免冲突：通过学习和转发机制，以太网交换可以避免数据冲突，提高了数据传输的稳定性和可靠性。
四、二层协议的概念二层协议又称为数据链路层协议，主要用于控制物理链接和局域网内的数据传输。
二层协议是在物理层之上建立的，用于解决数据包的传输问题。
常见的二层协议有以太网协议、令牌环协议等。
五、以太网交换的二层协议以太网交换使用的主要二层协议是以太网协议，它定义了数据包的格式以及数据包的传输规则。
以太网协议在数据包中使用MAC地址来标识设备，通过MAC地址实现数据包的转发和定位。
以太网协议还包括了一些控制帧，用于实现数据链路的控制和管理。
六、以太网交换的改进和发展随着网络的发展，以太网交换也不断进行改进和发展。
其中一项重要的改进是VLAN（虚拟局域网）技术的应用。
03-二层技术-以太网交换配置指导-VLAN终结配置
VLAN 终结主要应用于以下情况： z 不同 VLAN 间的互通。VLAN 因为能够隔离用户二层报文在网络中得到了广泛的应用。它将一
个物理的 LAN 在逻辑上划分成多个广播域（对应多个 VLAN），VLAN 内的主机可以直接互 相通信，而 VLAN 间的主机二层不能互相通信。要实现不同 VLAN 之间报文的互通必须借用 三层路由技术，目前有两种方法：一种是在三层交换机上通过 VLAN 接口来实现；另一种是 在路由器上通过三层以太网接口来实现。但传统的三层以太网接口不支持 VLAN 报文，当它 收到 VLAN 报文时，会将 VLAN 报文当成是非法报文而丢弃。为了实现 VLAN 间的互通，我 们在三层以太网接口上开发了三层以太网子接口，通过在子接口上配置 VLAN 终结功能来实 现 VLAN 间的互通。 如 图 1-1所示，Host A属于VLAN 2，Host B属于VLAN 3，将Host A的网关地址指定为 1.1.1.1/24， Host B的网关地址指定为 1.1.2.1/24，就可以通过Router的三层以太网子接口Ethernet1/1/1.2 和 Ethernet1/1/2.3 来实现Host A和Host B的三层报文互通了。 图1-1 VLAN 终结用于不同 VLAN 之间互通
Router
S5/0/1
WAN
为每个用户分
PPPoE网关，
配User VLAN
终结QinQ报文
使能QinQ，分配Nested VLAN
二层组网，PPPoE连接
1.1.3 VLAN 终结的分类
根据 VLAN 报文携带 tag 的层数可以将 VLAN 报文分为 Dot1q 报文（带有一层 VLAN tag，即 802.1q 报文）和 QinQ 报文（带有两层 VLAN tag）。相应的 VLAN 终结也分为两种： z Dot1q 终结：用来终结 Dot1q 报文。该方式在收到 Dot1q 报文时，会将报文里的 VLAN tag
链路聚合配置命令
链路聚合配置命令
1简介
链路聚合是用于把多条物理链路聚合在一起，组成一个虚拟的高带宽链路以满足以太网网络通信要求的一种技术。
它可以把多条普通以太网复用组装在一起，从而提高网络总体带宽，提高网络应用服务能力，可以使网络运行出色地进行高品质的数据传输。
2链路聚合配置
链路聚合配置主要有以下几个步骤：
（1）配置组成组播块的源接口地址（S）和组播块的接受接口地址（G）；
（2）配置原接口的发送数据（Tx）和接收数据（Rx）；
（3）配置虚拟接口；
（4）配置聚合之后物理接口的状态；
（5）配置接口的链路聚合及相应的优先级；
（6）配置链路聚合的地址轮转策略；
（7）配置聚合的优先级队列；
（8）配置聚合的模式；
（9）其他配置项设置；
（10）完成配置，将链路聚合激活。
3结论
链路聚合能够通过在两个以太网网段之间跨AR级连接多条以太网链路，以提高网络总体带宽和提高网络应用服务能力。
链路聚合配置是把多条以太网链路按照组播聚合规则，有效地把多条物理链路聚合为虚拟链路的过程，可以非常优化网络使用性能。
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目录1以太网链路聚合配置 ·························································································································· 1-11.1 以太网链路聚合简介·························································································································· 1-11.1.1 基本概念 ································································································································· 1-11.1.2 静态聚合模式 ·························································································································· 1-41.1.3 动态聚合模式 ·························································································································· 1-51.1.4 聚合负载分担类型··················································································································· 1-71.2 以太网链路聚合配置任务简介 ··········································································································· 1-71.3 配置聚合组 ········································································································································ 1-71.3.1 配置静态聚合组 ······················································································································ 1-81.3.2 配置动态聚合组 ······················································································································ 1-91.4 聚合接口相关配置 ··························································································································· 1-101.4.1 配置聚合接口描述信息 ········································································································· 1-101.4.2 开启聚合接口链路状态变化Trap功能···················································································· 1-101.4.3 关闭聚合接口 ························································································································ 1-101.5 配置聚合负载分担 ··························································································································· 1-111.5.1 配置聚合负载分担类型 ········································································································· 1-111.5.2 配置聚合负载分担采用本地转发优先···················································································· 1-111.6 配置聚合流量重定向功能 ················································································································ 1-121.7 以太网链路聚合显示与维护············································································································· 1-121.8 以太网链路聚合典型配置举例 ········································································································· 1-131.8.1 静态聚合配置举例················································································································· 1-131.8.2 动态聚合配置举例················································································································· 1-151 以太网链路聚合配置1.1 以太网链路聚合简介以太网链路聚合简称链路聚合，它通过将多条以太网物理链路捆绑在一起成为一条逻辑链路，从而实现增加链路带宽的目的。