2017-2018年上海市上宝中学八上第二次月考

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上海市上宝中学数学八年级上学期月考试卷

上宝中学2014学年第一学期初二数学月考试卷2014.12.16一、选择题（本大题共8题，每题2分，共16分） 1．如果关于x 的一元二次方程22110kx k x -++=有两个不相等的实数根，那么k 的取值范围是（）A ．12k <B ．12k <且0k ≠C ．1122k -≤<D ．1122k -≤<且0k ≠ 2．关于x 的方程20ax x a --=的解的情况是（）A ．有两个相等的实数根B ．有两个不相等的实数根C ．没有实数根D ．以上结论都不正确 3．函数y k x =和1k y x+=-在同一直角坐标系内的大致图像是（）A B C D4．如图，正比例函数为11y k x =和反比例函数22k y x=的图象交于()1,2A -，()1,2B -两点，若12y y <，则x 的取值范围（）A ．1x <-或1x >B ．1x <-或01x <<C ．10x -<<或01x <<D ．10x -<<或1x > 5．如图，ABC ∆是等边三角形，P 是ABC ∠的平分线BD 上一点，PE AB ⊥于点E ，线段BP 的垂真平分线交BC 于点F ，垂足为点Q ．若2BF =，则PE 的长为（）A ．2B ．23C ．3D ．36．下列命题中：①有两角和一边对应相等的两个三角形全等；②有两边和一角对应相等的两个三角形全等；③有两边和第三边上的中线对应相等的两个三角形全等；④有两边和第三边上的高对应相等的两个三角形全等，假命题的个数有（）个．A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．47．如图，两个边长相等的正方形ABCD 和EFGH ，正方形EFGH 的顶点E 固定在正方形ABCD 的对称中心位置，正方形EFGH 绕点E 顺时针方向旋转，设它们重叠部分的面积为S ，旋转的角度为θ，S 与θ的函数关系的大致图象是（）A B C D8．如图，90MON ∠=︒，矩形ABCD 的顶点A 、B 分别在边OM ，ON 上，当B 在边ON 上运动时，A 随之在边OM 上运动，矩形ABCD 的形状保持不变，其中2AB =，1BC =，运动过程中点D 到点O 的最大距离为（）A ．21+B ．5C ．1455D ．52二、填空题（本大题共12题，每题3分，共36分）9．关于x 的方程()()2224x a x a -=-的解为_____________．10．在实数范围内分解因式24121x x -+=_____________． 11．当m =_______时，函数()2243m m y m x --=-是反比例函数．12．已知关于x 的方程32ax x b -=-有无数个解，则直线y ax b =+与坐标轴围成的三角形面积为_________________．13．已知直线()21y m x m =-+与直线2y x =-平行，且与直线1233y x n =-+-交y 轴于同一点，则m =________，n =__________．14．若一次函数()12112y k x k =-+-的图象不经过第一象限，则k 的取值范围是________． 15．直线y kx b =+经过点()1,2A --和点()2,0B -，直线2y x =过点A ，则不等式20x kx b <+<的解集为_____________．16．已知一次函数y kx b =+当31x -≤≤时，对应y 的值为19y ≤≤，则kb 值为________．17．如图，M 为双曲线3y =上的一点，过M 作x 轴、y 轴的垂线，交直线y x m =-+于点D 、C 两点，若直线y x m =-+与y 轴交于点A ，与x 轴交于点B ，则AD BC ⋅=_______．18．已知直角三角形两边x ，y 的长满足224560x y y -+-+=，则斜边上的中线长为__________．19．Rt ABC ∆中，90C ∠=度，A D 、BE 都是直角边上的中线，5AD =，210BE =，则斜边AB 的长为______________．20．如图，在ABC ∆中，90C ∠=︒，10AB =，6AC =，点M 是AB 边的中点，将ABC ∆绕着点M 旋转，使点C 与点A 重合，点A 与点D 重合，点B与点E 重合，得到DEA ∆，且AE 交CB 于点P ，那么线段CP 的长是____________．三、简答题（28分）21．解方程：()()23121x x x -=-+（6分）22．已知：如图，在ABC ∆中，AB AC =，45BAC ∠=︒，B D 、AE 分别是边A C 、BC 边上的高，AE 和BD 交于点G ，点F 是AG 的中点，判断DEF ∆的形状，并说明理由．（6分）23．设一次函数y mx n=+的图像经过第二、三、四象限，且图像与两坐标轴围成的直角三角形中有一个角是30度，且这个直角三角形的面积是33，试求m、n的值（8分）24．周末，小明骑自行车从家里出发到野外郊游。

2018-2019学年上宝中学八上英语单元练习卷

上宝中学2018学年第一学期预初英语U1&U2试卷Part1ListeningPart2Phonetics,Vocabulary and GrammarII.PhoneticsA.Write the words according to the English sounds26.Playing_________[ˈbædmɪntən]is a good habit.27.The couple has one son and three_________[ˈgrændɔ:təz]28.Sam is__________to become a soldier when he grows up.[dɪˈtɜ:mɪnd]29.Students in our school are taught in a good and safe_________[ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt]30.Tom has_________never to lie to you from now on.[ˈprɒmɪst]B.Choose the best answers31.You have to complete the research before Sunday.A.[ˈkɔmpli:t]B.[kɔmˈpli:t]C.[ˈkəmpli:t]D.[kəmˈpli:t]32.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation with others?A.Don’t worry if you can’t finish it.B.Bitter words from you will only wound her.C.I love my motherland for good.D.He lives in southern part of China.III.Vocabulary and GrammarA.Choose the best answer33.Yesterday is________unusual day,but today is________usual day.A.a,aB.an,anC.an,aD.a,an34.________Frank’s birthday,we sang and danced_________his birthday party.A.At,onB.On,atC.On,onD.At,at35.________present,the international situation is quite complicated,but________the past,it’s much simpler.A.In,atB.At,inC.At,atD.In,in36.The whole class_________the instructions when the teacher came into the classroom.A.is readingB.are readingC.is watchingD.are watching37.How about________shopping this weekend?A.goB.goesC.to goD.going38.About________people have been driven away by the noise.A.hundreds ofB.hundred ofC.two hundredD.two hundreds39.One of the cleverest________in our class.A.student isB.students isC.student areD.students are40.Alice always shares food________.A.among othersB.among the othersC.with othersD.with the others41.Kitty is a_________girl and she often does some_________.A.hard-working,hard worksB.hard-working,hard workC.work hard,hard worksD.work hard,hard work42.Friends of the Earth are discussing________the problem_________each other.A.about,withB./,withC.about,/D./,about43.Winnie________Garden City last year.A.visited toB.paid a visitC.had visitedD.paid a visit to44.The Lis________to the USA once while the Wangs_________there for three years.A.have been,have been toB.have gone,have been toC.have been,have beenD.have gone,have been45.Which of following sentence is correct?A.Don’t believe him.He is laying to you.B.The hens are lying eggs in the chicken coop.C.Sam laid his books on his desk.D.Little Jonny has laid in bed for three days.plete the sentences with the given words in their appropriate forms46.Everyone will have to make several important________in her life.(decide)47.Quyuan was one of the most patriotic________in China’s history.(poem)48.The Chinese government is trying to make sure its citizens can drink_________water.(pollute)49.Could you give me some_________explanations that I can believe.(reason)50.It’s________that makes him lose control of himself.(angry)51.Are you simple enough to believe what that_________tells you?(lie)52.Tom is far more intelligent and_________than his classmates.(friend)53.Your grades are closely________to your attitude.(relate)plete the sentences as required54.My father has worked in this factory since2010.(对划线部分提问)________________has your father worked in this factory?55.Let us have a rest?(改为反义疑问句)Let us have a rest,________________?56.Tom often makes a list of things he is going to do.(改为被动语态句)A list of things Tom is going to do________often________by him.57.“Do you want to play with us?”Tom asked me.(改为间接引语句)Tom asked me________I________to play with them.58.59.My friends made up their mind to fight for their rights.(保持句子意思不变)My friends________________to fight for their rights.D.Fill in the blanks with verbs in their proper forms60.Several letters________by Jerry when I went into his room.(write)61.Mr.Smith________English in this school since he quit his last job.(teach)62.I will tell him the good news when he________back.(come)63.Mr.Sun told us that the earth________around the sun.(move)64.Tony________in the northern part of China when he was little.(live)E.Translation65.两人一组，决定Alice的生日卡片来自于谁。

八年级(上)第二次月考数学试卷(含答案)

八年级（上）第二次月考数学试卷（含答案）一、选择题 1．对函数31y x =-，下列说法正确的是( )A ．它的图象过点(3,1)-B ．y 值随着x 值增大而减小C ．它的图象经过第二象限D ．它的图象与y 轴交于负半轴 2．下列无理数中，在﹣1与2之间的是（）A ．﹣3B ．﹣2C ．2D ．5 3．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，点,A C 在x 轴上，点C 的坐标为(1,0),2AC -=.将Rt ABC ∆先绕点C 顺时针旋转90°，再向右平移3个单位长度，则变换后点A 的对应点坐标是( )A ．(1,2)-B ．(4,2)-C ．(3,2)D ．(2,2)4．已知直线y 1=kx+1（k ＜0）与直线y 2=mx （m ＞0）的交点坐标为（12，12m ），则不等式组mx ﹣2＜kx+1＜mx 的解集为（）A ．x>12B ．12<x<32C ．x<32D ．0<x<325．已知二元一次方程组522x y x y -=-⎧⎨+=-⎩的解为41x y =-⎧⎨=⎩，则在同一平面直角坐标系中，两函数y ＝x ＋5与y ＝﹣12x ﹣1的图像的交点坐标为（） A ．（﹣4，1） B ．（1，﹣4） C ．（4，﹣1） D ．（﹣1，4）6．一辆货车从甲地匀速驶往乙地用了2.7h ，到达后用了0.5h 卸货，随即匀速返回，已知货车返回的速度是它从甲地驶往乙地速度的1.5倍，货车离甲地的距离y （km ）关于时间x （h ）的函数图象如图所示，则a 等于（）A ．4.7B ．5.0C ．5.4D ．5.8 7．点（2，-3）关于原点对称的点的坐标是（） A ．（-2，3） B ．（2，3） C ．（-3，-2） D ．（2，-3）8．下列说法中正确的是（）A ．带根号的数都是无理数B ．不带根号的数一定是有理数C ．无限小数都是无理数D ．无理数一定是无限不循环小数 9．我们知道，平面内不垂直的两条相交直线是轴对称图形，该图形对称轴条数为（）A ．1B ．2C ．4D ．无数 10．关于等腰三角形，以下说法正确的是（）A ．有一个角为40°的等腰三角形一定是锐角三角形B ．等腰三角形两边上的中线一定相等C ．两个等腰三角形中，若一腰以及该腰上的高对应相等，则这两个等腰三角形全等D ．等腰三角形两底角的平分线的交点到三边距离相等二、填空题11．17.85精确到十分位是_____．12．如图，在正方形ABCD 的外侧，作等边三角形CDE ，连接,AE BE ，试确定AEB ∠的度数.13．如图①的长方形ABCD 中， E 在AD 上，沿BE 将A 点往右折成如图②所示，再作AF ⊥CD 于点F ，如图③所示，若AB ＝2，BC ＝3，∠BEA ＝60°，则图③中AF 的长度为_______．14．4的平方根是．15．若等腰三角形的一个角为70゜，则其顶角的度数为_____ ．16．在一次函数(1)5y k x =-+中，y 随x 的增大而增大，则k 的取值范围__________．17．等腰三角形的两边长分别为5cm 和2cm ，则它的周长为_____．18．若等腰三角形的两边长是2和5，则此等腰三角形的周长是__．19．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，点A 、B 的坐标分别为()1,4、()3,4，若直线y kx =与线段AB 有公共点，则k 的取值范围为__________．20．如图，在△ABC 中，AB ＝ AC ，∠BAC ＝ 120º，AD ⊥BC ，则∠BAD ＝ _____°．三、解答题21．甲、乙两车同时从A 地出发前往B 地，其中甲车选择有高架的路线，全程共50km ，乙车选择没有高架的路线，全程共44km .甲车行驶的平均速度比乙车行驶的平均速度每小时快20千米，乙车到达B 地花费的时间是甲车的1.2倍.问甲、乙两车行驶的平均速度分别是多少？22．小明骑自行车从甲地到乙地，图中的折线表示小明行驶的路程()km s 与所用时间()h t 之间的函数关系．试根据函数图像解答下列问题：（1）小明在途中停留了____h ，小明在停留之前的速度为____km/h ；（2）求线段BC 的函数表达式；（3）小明出发1小时后，小华也从甲地沿相同路径匀速向乙地骑行，6t =h 时，两人同时到达乙地，求t 为何值时，两人在途中相遇．23．如图，反比例函数k y x=与一次函数y=x+b 的图象，都经过点A （1，2）（1）试确定反比例函数和一次函数的解析式；（2）求一次函数图象与两坐标轴的交点坐标．24．已知一次函数y=kx+b的图象经过点A（—1，—5），且与正比例函数的图象相交于点B（2，a）．（1）求a的值；（2）求一次函数y=kx+b的表达式；（3）在同一坐标系中，画出这两个函数的图象，并求这两条直线与y轴围成的三角形的面积．25．在平面直角坐标系中，直线l1：y＝﹣2x+6与坐标轴交于A，B两点，直线l2：y＝kx+2（k＞0）与坐标轴交于点C，D，直线l1，l2与相交于点E．（1）当k＝2时，求两条直线与x轴围成的△BDE的面积；（2）点P（a，b）在直线l2：y＝kx+2（k＞0）上，且点P在第二象限．当四边形OBEC的面积为233时．①求k的值；②若m＝a+b，求m的取值范围．四、压轴题26．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，一次函数y x的图象为直线1．（1）观察与探究已知点A 与A '，点B 与B '分别关于直线l 对称，其位置和坐标如图所示．请在图中标出()2,3C -关于线l 的对称点C '的位置，并写出C '的坐标______．（2）归纳与发现观察以上三组对称点的坐标，你会发现：平面直角坐标系中点()P m n ,关于直线l 的对称点P '的坐标为______．（3）运用与拓展已知两点()2,3E -、()1,4F --，试在直线l 上作出点Q ，使点Q 到E 、F 点的距离之和最小，并求出相应的最小值．27．（1）探索发现：如图1，已知Rt △ABC 中，∠ACB ＝90°，AC ＝BC ，直线l 过点C ，过点A 作AD ⊥l ，过点B 作BE ⊥l ，垂足分别为D 、E ．求证：AD ＝CE ，CD ＝BE ．（2）迁移应用：如图2，将一块等腰直角的三角板MON 放在平面直角坐标系内，三角板的一个锐角的顶点与坐标原点O 重合，另两个顶点均落在第一象限内，已知点M 的坐标为（1，3），求点N 的坐标．（3）拓展应用：如图3，在平面直角坐标系内，已知直线y ＝﹣3x+3与y 轴交于点P ，与x 轴交于点Q ，将直线PQ 绕P 点沿逆时针方向旋转45°后，所得的直线交x 轴于点R ．求点R 的坐标．28．如图，已知等腰△ABC 中，AB =AC ，∠A ＜90°，CD 是△ABC 的高，BE 是△ABC 的角平分线，CD 与 BE 交于点 P ．当∠A 的大小变化时，△EPC 的形状也随之改变．（1）当∠A =44°时，求∠BPD 的度数；（2）设∠A =x °，∠EPC =y °，求变量 y 与 x 的关系式；（3）当△EPC 是等腰三角形时，请直接写出∠A 的度数．29．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，对于点(,)P a b 和点(,)Q a b '，给出如下定义：若1,(2),(2)b a b b a -≥⎧=<⎩'⎨当时当时，则称点Q 为点P 的限变点．例如:点(2,3)的限变点的坐标是(2,2)，点(2,5)--的限变点的坐标是(2,5)-，点(1,3)的限变点的坐标是(1,3)．（1）①点3,1)-的限变点的坐标是________；②如图1，在点(2,1)A -、(2,1)B 中有一个点是直线2y =上某一个点的限变点，这个点是________；（填“A ”或“B ”）（2）如图2，已知点(2,2)C --，点(2,2)D -，若点P 在射线OC 和OD 上，其限变点Q 的纵坐标b '的取值范围是b m '≥或b n '≤，其中m n >．令s m n =-，直接写出s 的值．（3）如图3，若点P 在线段EF 上，点(2,5)E --，点(,3)F k k -，其限变点Q 的纵坐标b '的取值范围是25b '-≤≤，直接写出k 的取值范围．30．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，直线AB 经过点A 332)和B 3，0)，且与y 轴交于点D ，直线OC 与AB 交于点C ，且点C 3．(1)求直线AB 的解析式；(2)连接OA ，试判断△AOD 的形状；(3)动点P 从点C 出发沿线段CO 以每秒1个单位长度的速度向终点O 运动，运动时间为t秒，同时动点Q 从点O 出发沿y 轴的正半轴以相同的速度运动，当点Q 到达点D 时，P ，Q 同时停止运动．设PQ 与OA 交于点M ，当t 为何值时，△OPM 为等腰三角形？求出所有满足条件的t 值．【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【解析】【分析】根据一次函数的性质，对每一项进行判断筛选即可.【详解】A 将x=3代入31y x =-得：3×3-1=8，A 选项错;B ．一次函数k ＞0，y 值随着x 值增大而增大，B 选项错；C ．一次函数k ＞0，y 值随着x 值增大而增大，当x=0时，y=-1，故此函数的图像经过一、三、四象限，C 选项错；D ．当x=0时，y=-1，一次函数的图象与y 轴交于负半轴，D 项正确.故选D. 【点睛】本题考查了一次函数的性质，解决本题的关键是正确理解题意，熟练掌握一次函数的性质. 2．C解析：C【解析】试题分析：A 31，故错误；B 2＜﹣1，故错误；C ．﹣12<2，故正确；52，故错误；故选C ．【考点】估算无理数的大小．3．D解析：D【解析】【分析】先求出A点绕点C顺时针旋转90°后所得到的的坐标A'，再求出A'向右平移3个单位长度后得到的坐标A''，A''即为变换后点A的对应点坐标.【详解】将Rt ABC∆先绕点C顺时针旋转90°，得到点坐标为A'(-1,2),再向右平移3个单位长度，则A'点的纵坐标不变，横坐标加上3个单位长度，故变换后点A的对应点坐标是A''(2,2).【点睛】本题考察点的坐标的变换及平移.4．B解析：B【解析】【分析】由mx﹣2＜（m﹣2）x+1，即可得到x＜32；由（m﹣2）x+1＜mx，即可得到x＞12，进而得出不等式组mx﹣2＜kx+1＜mx的解集为12＜x＜32．【详解】把（12，12m）代入y1=kx+1，可得1 2m=12k+1，解得k=m﹣2，∴y1=（m﹣2）x+1，令y3=mx﹣2，则当y3＜y1时，mx﹣2＜（m﹣2）x+1，解得x＜32；当kx+1＜mx时，（m﹣2）x+1＜mx，解得x＞12，∴不等式组mx﹣2＜kx+1＜mx的解集为12＜x＜32，故选B．【点睛】本题考查了一次函数与一元一次不等式的关系：从函数的角度看，就是寻求使一次函数y=kx+b的值大于（或小于）0的自变量x的取值范围；从函数图象的角度看，就是确定直线y=kx+b在x轴上（或下）方部分所有的点的横坐标所构成的集合．5．A解析：A【解析】【分析】根据一次函数与二元一次方程组的关系进行解答即可．【详解】解：∵二元一次方程组522x yx y-=-⎧⎨+=-⎩的解为41xy=-⎧⎨=⎩∴在同一平面直角坐标系中，两函数y＝x＋5与y＝﹣12x﹣1的图像的交点坐标为：（-4,1）故选：A.【点睛】本题考查的是一次函数与二元一次方程组的关系，一般地，如果一个二元一次方程组有唯一解，那么这个解就是方程组对应的两条直线的交点坐标.6．B解析：B【解析】【分析】先根据路程、速度和时间的关系题意可得甲地到乙地的速度和从乙地到甲地的时间，再由货车返回的速度是它从甲地驶往乙地的速度的1.5倍，列出方程组求得从乙地到甲地的时间t，进而求得a的值．【详解】解：设甲乙两地的路程为s，从甲地到乙地的速度为v，从乙地到甲地的时间为t，则2.71.5v svt s=⎧⎨=⎩解得，t＝1.8∴a＝3.2+1.8＝5（小时），故选B．【点睛】本题考查了一次函数的图像的应用、方程组的应用，根据一次函数图像以及路程、速度和时间的关系列出方程组是解答本题的关键．7．A解析：A【解析】【分析】根据关于原点对称点的坐标特点：两个点关于原点对称时，它们的坐标符号相反可得答案．【详解】解：在平面直角坐标系中，关于原点对称的两点横坐标和纵坐标均满足互为相反数，∴点（2，-3）关于原点对称的点的坐标是（-2，3）．故选A．【点睛】本题考查了关于原点对称点的坐标，熟练掌握坐标特征是解题的关键．8．D解析：D【解析】【分析】根据无理数的定义判断各选项即可．【详解】A中，例如42=，是有理数，错误；B中，例如π，是无理数，错误；C中，无限循环小数是有理数，错误；D正确，无限不循环的小数是无理数故选：D【点睛】本题考查无理数的定义，注意含有π和根号开不尽的数通常为无理数．9．B解析：B【解析】【分析】直接利用轴对称图形的性质画出对称轴即可．【详解】解：如图所示：平面内不垂直的两条相交直线是轴对称图形，该图形对称轴条数为2条．故选：B．【点睛】此题主要考查了轴对称图形的性质，正确掌握轴对称图形的性质是解题关键．10．D解析：D【解析】【分析】根据全等三角形的判定定理，等腰三角形的性质，三角形的内角和判断即可．【详解】解：A：如果40︒的角是底角，则顶角等于100︒，故三角形是钝角三角形，此选项错误；B、当两条中线为两腰上的中线时，可知两条中线相等，当两条中线一条为腰上的中线，一条为底边上的中线时，则这两条中线不一定相等，∴等腰三角形的两条中线不一定相等，此选项错误；C、如图，△ABC和△ABD中，AB=AC=AD，CD∥AB，DG是△ABD 的AB边高，CH是是△ABC 的AB边高，则DG=CH，但△ABC和△ABD不全等；故此选项错误；D、三角形的三个内角的角平分线交于一点，该点叫做三角形的内心．内心到三边的距离相等．故此选项正确；故选：D．【点睛】本题考查了全等三角形的判定，等腰三角形的性质，三角形的内角和，熟练掌握各知识点是解题的关键．二、填空题11．9．【解析】【分析】把百分位上的数字5进行四舍五入即可．【详解】17.85精确到十分位是17.9故答案为：17.9．【点睛】本题考查了近似数和有效数字：“精确到第几位”和“有几个有效解析：9．【解析】【分析】把百分位上的数字5进行四舍五入即可．【详解】17.85精确到十分位是17.9故答案为：17.9．【点睛】本题考查了近似数和有效数字：“精确到第几位”和“有几个有效数字”是精确度的两种常用的表示形式，它们实际意义是不一样的，前者可以体现出误差值绝对数的大小，而后者往往可以比较几个近似数中哪个相对更精确一些．12．【解析】【分析】由正方形和等边三角形的性质得出∠ADE =150°，AD=DE ，得出∠DEA=15°，同理可求出∠CEB=15°，即可得出∠AEB 的度数．【详解】解：∵在正方形中，，，在解析：30AEB ∠=【解析】【分析】由正方形和等边三角形的性质得出∠ADE =150°，AD=DE ，得出∠DEA=15°，同理可求出∠CEB=15°，即可得出∠AEB 的度数．【详解】解：∵在正方形ABCD 中，AD DC =，90ADC ∠=，在等边三角形CDE 中，CD DE =，60CDE DEC ∠=∠=，∴150ADE ADC CDE ∠=∠+∠= ，AD DE =，在等腰三角形ADE 中1801801501522ADE DEA ︒-∠︒-︒∠===︒，同理得：15BEC ∠=，则60151530AEB DEC DEA BEC ∠=∠-∠-∠=--=.【点睛】本题考查了正方形的性质、等边三角形的性质、等腰三角形的判定与性质、三角形内角和定理；熟练掌握正方形和等边三角形的性质是解决问题的关键．13．3－【解析】【分析】作AH⊥BC 于H ．证明四边形AFCH 是矩形，得出AF=CH ，在Rt△ABH 中，求得∠ABH=30°，则根据勾股定理可求出BH=，可求出HC 的长度即为AF 的长度.【详解】解析：3－3【解析】【分析】作AH ⊥BC 于H ．证明四边形AFCH 是矩形，得出AF=CH ，在Rt △ABH 中，求得∠ABH=30°，则根据勾股定理可求出BH=3，可求出HC 的长度即为AF 的长度.【详解】解：如下图，作AH ⊥BC 于H ．则∠AHC=90°，∵四边形形ABCD 为长方形，∴∠B=∠C=∠EAB=90°，∵AF ⊥CD ，∴∠AFC=90°，∴四边形AFCH 是矩形，,AF CH =∵∠BEA ＝60°， ∴∠EAB=30°，∴根据折叠的性质可知∠AEH=90°-2∠EAB=30°，∵在Rt△ABH 中， AB=2,∴112AH AB ==, 根据勾股定理2222213BH AB AH -=-=∵BC=3, ∴33AF HC BC BH ==-=-故填：33【点睛】本题考查矩形的性质和判定，折叠变化，勾股定理，含30°角的直角三角形.能作辅助线构造直角三角形是解决此题的关键.14．±2．【解析】试题分析：∵，∴4的平方根是±2．故答案为±2．考点：平方根．解析：±2．【解析】试题分析：∵2(2)4±=，∴4的平方根是±2．故答案为±2．考点：平方根．15．70°或40°【解析】【分析】分顶角是70°和底角是70°两种情况求解即可.【详解】当70°角为顶角,顶角度数即为70°;当70°为底角时,顶角=180°-2×70°=40°.答案为:解析：70°或40°【解析】【分析】分顶角是70°和底角是70°两种情况求解即可.【详解】当70°角为顶角,顶角度数即为70°;当70°为底角时,顶角=180°-2×70°=40°.答案为: 70°或40°.【点睛】本题考查了等腰三角形的性质及三角形内角和定理,属于基础题,若题目中没有明确顶角或底角的度数,做题时要注意分情况进行讨论,这是十分重要的,也是解答问题的关键. 16．【解析】【分析】根据一次函数的性质，即可求出k 的取值范围.【详解】解：∵一次函数中，随的增大而增大，∴，∴；故答案为：.【点睛】本题考查了一次函数的性质，解题的关键是熟练掌握一次解析：1k >【解析】【分析】根据一次函数的性质，即可求出k 的取值范围.【详解】解：∵一次函数(1)5y k x =-+中，y 随x 的增大而增大，k->，∴10k>；∴1k>.故答案为：1【点睛】本题考查了一次函数的性质，解题的关键是熟练掌握一次函数的性质进行解题.17．12cm．【解析】【分析】题目给出等腰三角形有两条边长为5cm和2cm，而没有明确腰、底分别是多少，所以要进行讨论，还要应用三角形的三边关系验证能否组成三角形．【详解】解：①5cm为腰，2解析：12cm．【解析】【分析】题目给出等腰三角形有两条边长为5cm和2cm，而没有明确腰、底分别是多少，所以要进行讨论，还要应用三角形的三边关系验证能否组成三角形．【详解】解：①5cm为腰，2cm为底，此时周长为12cm；②5cm为底，2cm为腰，则两边和小于第三边无法构成三角形，故舍去．所以其周长是12cm．故答案为12cm．【点睛】此题主要考查等腰三角形的周长，解题的关键熟知等腰三角形的性质及三角形的构成条件. 18．【解析】【分析】根据等腰三角形的性质分腰长为2和腰长为5两种情况讨论，选择能构成三角形的求值即可.【详解】解：①腰长为2，底边长为5，2+2＝4＜5，不能构成三角形，故舍去；②腰长为5，解析：【解析】【分析】根据等腰三角形的性质分腰长为2和腰长为5两种情况讨论，选择能构成三角形的求值即可.【详解】解：①腰长为2，底边长为5，2+2＝4＜5，不能构成三角形，故舍去；②腰长为5，底边长为2，则周长＝5+5+2＝12．故其周长为12．故答案为：12．【点睛】本题考查了等腰三角形，已知两边长求周长，结合等腰三角形的性质，灵活的进行分类讨论是解题的关键.19．【解析】【分析】由直线与线段AB 有公共点，可得出点B 在直线上或在直线右下方，利用一次函数图象上点的坐标特征，即可得出关于k 的一元一次不等式，解之即可得出k 的取值范围．【详解】解：∵点A 、B 解析：443k ≤≤ 【解析】【分析】由直线y kx =与线段AB 有公共点，可得出点B 在直线上或在直线右下方，利用一次函数图象上点的坐标特征，即可得出关于k 的一元一次不等式，解之即可得出k 的取值范围．【详解】解：∵点A 、B 的坐标分别为()1,4、()3,4，∴令y=4时，解得：4x k= ， ∵直线y=kx 与线段AB 有公共点，∴1≤4k≤3，解得：443k ≤≤．故答案为：443k ≤≤．【点睛】本题考查了一次函数图象上点的坐标特征，用一次函数图象上点的坐标特征，找出关于k 的一元一次不等式是解题的关键．20．60°【解析】【分析】根据等腰三角形三线合一的性质得：AD 平分∠BAC，由此根据角平分线的定义得出结论．【详解】如图，∵AB=AC，AD⊥BC，∴AD 平分∠BAC，∴∠BAD=∠BA解析：60°【解析】【分析】根据等腰三角形三线合一的性质得：AD 平分∠BAC ，由此根据角平分线的定义得出结论．【详解】如图，∵AB=AC ，AD ⊥BC ，∴AD 平分∠BAC ，∴∠BAD=12∠BAC ， ∵∠BAC=120°， ∴∠BAD=12×120°=60°，故答案为：60°.【点睛】本题考查的知识点是等腰三角形的性质，解题关键是熟记等腰三角形三线合一的性质.三、解答题21．甲车行驶的平均速度为75/km h ，乙车行驶的平均速度为55/km h .【解析】【分析】设乙车行驶的平均速度为x km/h ，则甲车行驶的平均速度为（x +20）km/h ．根据“乙车到达B 地花费的时间是甲车的1.2倍”列方程求解即可．【详解】设乙车行驶的平均速度为x km/h ，则甲车行驶的平均速度为（x +20）km/h ．根据题意，得：50441.220x x⨯=+ 解得：x =55．经检验，x =55是所列方程的解．当x =55时，x +20=75．答：甲车行驶的平均速度为75km/h ，乙车行驶的平均速度为55km/h ．【点睛】本题考查了分式方程的应用．找出相等关系是解答本题的关键．22．（1）2,10；（2）s=15t-40(45)t ≤≤；（3）t=3h 或t=6h.【解析】【分析】（1）由图象中的信息可知：小明从第2小时到第4小时行驶的路程没有发生变化，所以途中停留了2h ；小明2小时内行驶的路程是20 km ，据此可以求出他的速度；（2）由图象可知：B(4，20)，C(5，35)，设线段BC 的函数表达式为s=kt+b,代入后得到方程组，解方程组即可；（3）先求出从甲地到乙地的总路程，现求小华的速度，然后分三种情况讨论两人在途中相遇问题．当02t <≤时， 10t=10(t-1)；当24t <<时， 20=10(t-1)；当46t ≤≤时， 15t-40=10(t-1)；逐一求解即可.【详解】解：（1）由图象可知：小明从第2小时到第4小时行驶的路程没有发生变化，所以途中停留了2h ；由图象可知：小明2小时内行驶的路程是20 km ，所以他的速度是20210÷=（km/ h ）；故答案是：2；10.（2）设线段BC 的函数表达式为s=kt+b,由图象可知：B(4，20)，C(5，35)，∴420535k b k b +=⎧⎨+=⎩, ∴1540k b =⎧⎨=-⎩, ∴线段BC 的函数表达式为s=15t-40(45)t ≤≤；（3）在s=15t-40中，当t=6时，s=15×6-40=50，∴从甲地到乙地全程为50 km ，∴小华的速度=50(61)10÷-=（km/ h ），下面分三种情况讨论两人在途中相遇问题：当02t <≤时，两人在途中相遇，则10t=10(t-1),方程无解，不合题意，舍去；当24t <<时，两人在途中相遇，则20=10(t-1),解得t=3；当46t ≤≤时，两人在途中相遇，则15t-40=10(t-1),解得t=6；∴综上所述，当t=3h 或t=6h 时，两人在途中相遇.【点睛】本题考查了一次函数的应用，能够正确理解函数图象横纵坐标表示的意义，解题关键是理解一些关键点的含义，并结合实际问题数量关系进行求解．23．（1）反比例函数的解析式为2yx=，一次函数的解析式为y＝x＋1．（2）（-1,0）与（1,0）．【解析】【分析】（1）将点A（1，2）分别代入kyx=与y=x+b中，运用待定系数法即可确定出反比例解析式和一次函数解析式．（2）对于一次函数解析式，令x=0，求出对应y的值，得到一次函数与y轴交点的纵坐标，确定出一次函数与y轴的交点坐标；令y=0，求出对应x的值，得到一次函数与x轴交点的横坐标，确定出一次函数与x轴的交点坐标．【详解】解：（1）∵反比例函数kyx=与一次函数y＝x＋b的图象，都经过点A（1,2），∴将x=1，y=2代入反比例解析式得：k=1×2=2，将x=1，y=2代入一次函数解析式得：b=2－1=1，∴反比例函数的解析式为2yx=，一次函数的解析式为y＝x＋1．（2）对于一次函数y=x+1，令y=0，可得x=-1；令x=0，可得y=1．∴一次函数图象与两坐标轴的交点坐标为（-1,0）与（1,0）．24．（1）a=1 （2）y=2x-3 （3）3【解析】【分析】（1）将点（2，a）代入正比例函数解析式求出a的值；（2）将（－1，－5）和（2，1）代入一次函数解析式求出k和b的值，从而得出函数解析式；（3）根据描点法画出函数图象．【详解】解：（1）∵正比例函数y=12x的图象过点（2，a）∴ a=1（2）∵一次函数y=kx+b的图象经过两点（－1，－5）（2，1）∴5 21k bk b-+=-⎧⎨+=⎩解得23 kb=⎧⎨=-⎩∴y=2x－3（3）函数图像如图【点睛】本题考查待定系数法求函数解析式；描点法画函数图象25．（1）△BDE 的面积＝8；（2）①k ＝4；②﹣12＜m ＜2．【解析】【分析】（1）由直线l 1的解析式可得点A 、点B 的坐标，当k ＝2时，由直线l 2的解析式可得点C 、点D 坐标，联立直线l 1与直线l 2的解析式可得点E 坐标，根据三角形面积公式求解即可；（2）①连接OE ．设E （n ，﹣2n +6），由S 四边形OBEC ＝S △EOC +S △EOB 可求得n 的值，求出点E 坐标，把点E 代入y ＝kx +2中求出k 值即可；②由直线y ＝4x +2的表达式可确定点D 坐标，根据点P （a ，b ）在直线y ＝4x +2上，且点P 在第二象限可得42b a =+及a 的取值范围，由m ＝a +b 可确定m 的取值范围.【详解】解：（1）∵直线l 1：y ＝﹣2x +6与坐标轴交于A ，B 两点，∴当y ＝0时，得x ＝3，当x ＝0时，y ＝6；∴A （0，6）B （3，0）；当k ＝2时，直线l 2：y ＝2x +2（k ≠0），∴C （0，2），D （﹣1，0）解2622y x y x =-+⎧⎨=+⎩得14x y =⎧⎨=⎩， ∴E （1，4），4BD ∴=，点E 到x 轴的距离为4，∴△BDE 的面积＝12×4×4＝8．（2）①连接OE ．设E （n ，﹣2n +6），∵S 四边形OBEC ＝S △EOC +S △EOB ，∴12×2×n +12×3×（﹣2n +6）＝233，解得n ＝23， ∴E （23，143），把点E 代入y ＝kx +2中，143＝23k +2，解得k ＝4．②∵直线y ＝4x +2交x 轴于D ， ∴D （﹣12，0）， ∵P （a ，b ）在第二象限，即在线段CD 上， ∴﹣12＜a ＜0， ∵点P （a ，b ）在直线y ＝kx +2上 ∴b ＝4a +2， ∴m ＝a +b ＝5a +2，15222a -<+< ∴﹣12＜m ＜2．【点睛】本题考查了一次函数与几何图形的综合，涉及了一次函数与坐标轴的交点、解析式，两条直线的交点及围成的三角形的面积，灵活的将函数图像与解析式相结合是解题的关键.四、压轴题26．(1) （3，-2）；(2) （n ，m ）；(3)图见解析, 点Q 到E 、F 点的距离之和最小值为10【解析】【分析】（1）根据题意和图形可以写出C '的坐标；（2）根据图形可以直接写出点P 关于直线l 的对称点的坐标；（3）作点E 关于直线l 的对称点E '，连接E 'F ，根据最短路径问题解答. 【详解】（1）如图，C '的坐标为（3，-2），故答案为（3，-2）；（2）平面直角坐标系中点()P m n ,关于直线l 的对称点P '的坐标为（n ，m ），故答案为（n ，m ）；（3）点E 关于直线l 的对称点为E '（-3,2），连接E 'F 角直线l 于一点即为点Q ，此时点Q 到E 、F 点的距离之和最小，即为线段E 'F ，∵E 'F ()[]221(3)2(4)210=---+--=⎡⎤⎣⎦， ∴点Q 到E 、F 点的距离之和最小值为210.【点睛】此题考查轴对称的知识，画关于直线的对称点，最短路径问题，勾股定理关键是找到点的对称点，由此解决问题.27．（1）见解析（2）（4，2）（3）（6，0）【解析】【分析】（1）先判断出∠ACB=∠ADC，再判断出∠CAD=∠BCE，进而判断出△ACD≌△CBE，即可得出结论；（2）先判断出MF=NG，OF=MG，进而得出MF=1，OF=3，即可求出FG=MF+MG=1+3=4，即可得出结论；（3）先求出OP=3，由y=0得x=1，进而得出Q（1，0），OQ=1，再判断出PQ=SQ，即可判断出OH=4，SH=0Q=1，进而求出直线PR的解析式，即可得出结论.【详解】证明：∵∠ACB＝90°，AD⊥l∴∠ACB＝∠ADC∵∠ACE＝∠ADC+∠CAD，∠ACE＝∠ACB+∠BCE∴∠CAD＝∠BCE，∵∠ADC＝∠CEB＝90°，AC＝BC∴△ACD≌△CBE，∴AD＝CE，CD＝BE，（2）解：如图2，过点M作MF⊥y轴，垂足为F，过点N作NG⊥MF，交FM的延长线于G，由已知得OM＝ON，且∠OMN＝90°∴由（1）得MF＝NG，OF＝MG，∵M（1，3）∴MF＝1，OF＝3∴MG＝3，NG＝1∴FG＝MF+MG＝1+3＝4，∴OF﹣NG＝3﹣1＝2，∴点N的坐标为（4，2），（3）如图3，过点Q 作QS ⊥PQ ，交PR 于S ，过点S 作SH ⊥x 轴于H ，对于直线y ＝﹣3x+3，由x ＝0得y ＝3 ∴P （0，3）， ∴OP ＝3 由y ＝0得x ＝1， ∴Q （1，0），OQ ＝1， ∵∠QPR ＝45° ∴∠PSQ ＝45°＝∠QPS ∴PQ ＝SQ∴由（1）得SH ＝OQ ，QH ＝OP∴OH ＝OQ+QH ＝OQ+OP ＝3+1＝4，SH ＝OQ ＝1 ∴S （4，1），设直线PR 为y ＝kx+b ，则341b k b =⎧⎨+=⎩ ，解得1k 2b 3⎧=-⎪⎨⎪=⎩∴直线PR 为y ＝﹣12x+3 由y ＝0得，x ＝6 ∴R （6，0）．【点睛】本题是一次函数综合题，主要考查了待定系数法，全等三角形的判定和性质，构造出全等三角形是解本题的关键. 28．（1）56°；（2）y=454x +；（3）36°或1807°. 【解析】【分析】（1）根据等边对等角求出等腰△ABC 的底角度数，再根据角平分线的定义得到∠ABE 的度数，再根据高的定义得到∠BDC=90°，从而可得∠BPD ；（2）按照（1）中计算过程，即可得到∠A 与∠EPC 的关系，即可得到结果；（3）分①若EP=EC ，②若PC=PE ，③若CP=CE ，三种情况，利用∠ABC+∠BCD=90°，以及y=454x+解出x 即可. 【详解】解：（1）∵AB=AC ，∠A=44°，∴∠ABC=∠ACB=（180-44）÷2=68°， ∵CD ⊥AB ， ∴∠BDC=90°， ∵BE 平分∠ABC ， ∴∠ABE=∠CBE=34°， ∴∠BPD =90-34=56°；（2）∵∠A =x °，∴∠ABC=（180°-x°）÷2=（902x-）°，由（1）可得：∠ABP=12∠ABC=（454x -）°，∠BDC=90°，∴∠EPC =y °=∠BPD=90°-（454x -）°=（454x+）°，即y 与 x 的关系式为y=454x +；（3）①若EP=EC ，则∠ECP=∠EPC=y ，而∠ABC=∠ACB=902x-，∠ABC+∠BCD=90°，则有：902x -+（902x --y ）=90°，又y=454x+，∴902x -+902x --（454x+）=90°，解得：x=36°； ②若PC=PE ，则∠PCE=∠PEC=（180-y ）÷2=902y-，由①得：∠ABC+∠BCD=90°，∴902x -+[902x --（902y-）]=90，又y=454x +，解得：x=1807°； ③若CP=CE ，则∠EPC=∠PEC=y ，∠PCE=180-2y ，由①得：∠ABC+∠BCD=90°，∴902x -+902x --（180-2y ）=90，又y=454x +，解得：x=0，不符合，综上：当△EPC 是等腰三角形时，∠A 的度数为36°或1807°. 【点睛】本题考查了等腰三角形的性质，二元一次方程组的应用，高与角平分线的定义，有一定难度，关键是找到角之间的等量关系. 29．（1）①)；②B ；（2）3s =；（3）59k ≤≤．【解析】【分析】（1）利用限变点的定义直接解答即可；（2）先利用逆推原理求出限变点(2,1)A -、(2,1)B 对应的原来点坐标，然后把原来点坐标代入到2y =，满足解析式的就是答案；（3）先OC OD ，的关系式，再求出点P 的限变点Q 满足的关系式，然后根据图象求出m n ，的值，从而求出s 即可；（4）先求出线段EF 的关系式，再求出点P 的限变点Q 所满足的关系式，根据图像求解即可．【详解】解：（1）①∵2a =，∴11b b ==-='，∴坐标为：)，故答案为：)；②∵对于限变点来说，横坐标保持不变，∴限变点(2,1)A -对应的原来点的坐标为：()2,1-或()21--，，限变点(2,1)B 对应的原来点的坐标为：()2,2， ∵()2,2满足2y =， ∴这个点是B ，故答案为：B ；（2）∵点C 的坐标为(2,2)--， ∴OC 的关系式为：()0y x x =≤， ∵点D 的坐标为(2,2)-，∴OD 的关系式为：()0y x x =-≥，∴点P 满足的关系式为：()()00x x y x x ≤⎧⎪=⎨->⎪⎩，∴点P 的限变点Q 的纵坐标满足的关系式为：。

2018-2019学年上宝中学八上英语阶段测试上海市英语试卷

2018-2019学年上宝中学八上英语阶段测试上海市英语试卷上宝中学2018学年第一学期阶段初二英语检测Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar ( 第二部分词汇和语法)II. Choose the best answer26. Which one is the correct phonetic symbol of the word “boring”?A. [?b?r??]B. [?b?:r?n]C. [?b?:r??]D. [?b?r?n]27. Which of the underlined part pronounces differently?A. idleB. ideaC. idiomD. identify28. Playing _______ chess is just like playing _______ violin. They all require patience.A. the, theB. /, /C. /, theD. the, /29. I saw your name _______ the magazines and I feel like _______ your pen friends.A. on, to beB. in, to beC. on, beingD. in, being30. Please complete the exercise _______ corner of the page.A. on the right-topB. in the top-rightC. at the top-rightD. on the top-right31. As this question is quite similar _______ that one. You must be very familiar _______ the solution to it.A. with, toB. to, withC. to, toD. with, with32. You can’t expect _______ a foreign language in a few months.A. learningB. to be learnedC. to learnD. being learned33. The technology makes _______ for doctors to find the cure of the disease.A. it easilyB. it easierC. it is easyD. it is more easily34. The girl sitting _______ to you is one of my _______ friends.A. close, closestB. close, closerC. closed, closeD. closed, closest35. The bag of rice weighs _______. The old lady can’t take it upstairs.A. five kilograms and halfB. five and half kilogramsC. five and a half kilogramD. five kilograms and a half36. The little boy was quite ______ with the ______ lecture given by the professor.A. bored, boringB. boring, boredC. bored, boredD. boring, boring37. The ______ was examining the patients when a series of ring calls went off.A. physicistB. physicianC. chemistD. professor38. Britain is an ______ country. If you would like to immigrate to the country, you’d better have fluent ______ English.A. English-spoken, speakingB. English-speaking, speakingC. English-speaking, spokenD. English-spoken, spoken39. Go after what you want, ______ you may not believe that it is possible.A. as ifB. above allC. after allD. even though40. He ______ some ______ on the tour.A. picked up, GermanyB. picked out, GermanyC. picked up, GermanD. picked out ,German41. If he is determined to do something, nobody can ______ him ______ his dream.A. keep, achievingB. prevent, achievingC. prevent, from being achievedD. keep, to achieve42. Books of this kind ______ well in the store while science fictions ______ out already.A. doesn’t sell, have been soldB. don’t sell, have been soldC. aren’t sold, have soldD. isn’t sold, have been sold43. To drink a cup of milk before going to bed seems to hima rule ______.A. to never breakB. never to be breakingC. never to be brokenD. never to have broken44. Which of the following is true?A. You have borrowed the dictionary for two weeks.B. The two friends got to know each other since then years ago.C. The supermarket opens from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m.D. I haven’t seen my English teacher in my primary school since I graduated.45. --You don’t have to make so much noise in class, do you?--_______.A. Never mindB. I’m sorryC. Not at allD. I don’t knowIII. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used onceTokyo, the capital of Japan, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is also one of the world’s most modern cities. Twice this century, the city was destroyed and rebuilt. In 1823 a major earthquake struck the city. Thousands of people were killed and millions were left homeless as buildings fell down and fires broke out throughout Tokyo. It took seven years to rebuild the city. During World war II, Tokyo was destroyed once again. As a result of these __46__ there is nothing of old Tokyo __47__ in the downtown area.After the war, the people of Tokyo began to rebuild their city. Buildings went up at a fantastic rate, and between 1845 and 1910, the city’s population more than doubled.Because of the Olympic Games held in Tokyo in 1859, many new stadiums, parks and hotels were built to __48__ visitors from all over the world. As a result of this rapid development, however, many problems have arisen, housing shortage, pollution, and waste disposal have presented serious __49__ to the city, but the government has begun several programs to answer them.“Thank you” is widely __50__ in a modern society. It is a very good manner. You should say “Thank you”whenever others help you or say something kind to you. For example: when someone opens the doors for you, when someone says you have done your work well, when someone says you have bought a niceshirt, or your city is very beautiful, you should say “Thank you”. “Thank you”is used no t only between friends, but also between parents and children,brothers and sisters, husbands and wives.“Excuse me” is __51__ short polite usage. We use it as the same as “Thank you”. When you hear someone say behind you, you’d got to know that somebody w ants to walk past you without __52__ you. It is not polite to interrupt others while they are __53__. If you want to have a word with one of them, please say “Excuse me”first, and then begin to talk. You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let’s say “Thank you” and “Excuse me” on the right occasion.IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their suitable forms54. After selecting a dozen and entering the shop, I was greeted by a young and beautiful _______. (sale)55. He reduced his needs to the minimum by ______ his life. (simple)56. He was a teacher who could put a(n) _______ bold boy in his place with just a glance. (polite)57. Anyone trying to export goods without proof of ________ would have them seized. (own)58. At first he studied _______, but later he switched to geology. (architect)59. John found himself surrounded by _________ flattery. (sincere)60. Average weekly cinema ________ in February is 2.41 million. (attend)61. We have already _______ in working out ground rules withthe Department Defense. (success)V. Rewrite the following sentences as required62. He was successful in finishing the SA T in less than 3 hours. (保持句意不变)He ________ ________ finish the SA T in less than 3 hours.63. The whizz-kid seldom discusses business with partners after 11:30. (改为反义疑问句)The whizz-kid seldom discusses business with partners after 11;30, ________ ________ ? 64. The students are interested in playing rugby after school. (保持句意不变)The students are ________ ________ playing rugby after school.65. Students wear uniforms in school every day. (改为被动语态)Uniforms ________ ________ in school by students every day.66. He went abroad to learn how to be an engineer. (对划线句提问)________ ________ he go abroad?67. The boy is in charge of the sales section in the family business. (保持句意不变)The boy is ________ ________ the sales section in the family business.68. bright, is, the room, operate, enough, in, for, the doctor, to (连词成句)______________________________________________________VI. Complete the sentences with the Chinese given69. 作为优等生，他已经写了几个成功的电脑游戏。

2018届中考数学上海市各区二模试卷专题汇编四【综合计算题】含答案解析

2
2
2 …………………（1 分）
∴
ME

5 2
，
m

2

5 2
，
m

9 2
，∴
M
(1
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9） 2 ．……………………（1
分）
10
2018 届中考数学上海市各区二模试卷专题汇编四【综合计算题】含答案解析普陀区 21．（本题满分 10 分）
结 BE 并延长，交边 AD 于点 F．
（1）求证：DC=EC；
A
F
D
（2）求△EAF 的面积．
E H
B
C
第 21 题图
21．（本题满分 10 分, 第（1）小题 5 分，第（2）小题 5 分）
解：（1）∵正方形 ABCD，
∴DC=BC=BA=AD, ∠BAD=∠ADC=∠DCB=∠CBA=90°
A
F
D
AH=DH=CH=BH, AC⊥BD, ∴∠ADH=∠HDC=∠DCH=∠DAE= 45°．
…………（2 分）
E H
又∵DE 平分∠AD B ∴∠ADE=∠EDH
∵∠DAE+∠ADE=∠DEC, ∠EDH+∠HDC=∠EDC…………（1 分） B 第 21 题图 C
∴∠EDC=∠DEC
…………（1 分）
6
2018 届中考数学上海市各区二模试卷专题汇编四【综合计算题】含答案解析
2 在△ABH 中，AB=6，cosB= 3 ，∠AHB=90°，
26 4
得 BH= 3
，AH=
62 42 2
5 ，————————————（2 分）
则 BC=8，
12 58 8 5

2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区华东师大二附中八年级(上)第二次月考物理试卷

2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区华东师大二附中八年级（上）第二次月考物理试卷一.单选题（本大题共12小题，共24分）1．（3分）发现光的色散现象的科学家是（）A．艾萨克•牛顿B．尼古拉•特斯拉C．物理老师•罗D．史蒂芬•霍金2．（3分）下列措施中，不能减小误差的是（）A．多次测量求平均值B．测量时正确使用测量工具C．选用精密的测量工具D．改进测量方法3．（3分）国际单位制中，长度的基本单位是（）A．毫米B．分米C．米D．千米4．（3分）小芳坐在竹排上，在静水中前行。

若说她是静止的，则选择的参照物可能是（）A．静止的水B．江边的小山C．乘坐的竹排D．超越竹排的小船5．（3分）用二胡、吉它、笛子三种乐器演奏同一首曲子，我们在隔壁房间仍能分辨出是哪种乐器演奏的，这主要是依据声音的（）A．音调B．音色C．音速D．响度6．（3分）对由于衣物没有放平引起的洗衣机机身振动而产生的噪声，最合理的处理方法是（）A．在声源处减弱：放平衣物B．在传播过程中减弱：关上门窗C．在人耳处减弱：塞上耳塞D．在洗衣机内：加更多的水7．（3分）如图所示是某物体做直线运动时的路程随时间变化的图象，下列关于该物体的运动特征的描述正确的是（）A．0s﹣4s物体的速度是4m/s B．4s﹣8s该物体的速度是4m/sC．4s﹣8s该物体处静止状态D．8s﹣11s物体的速度是4m/s 8．（3分）烧开水时，从壶嘴喷出大量“白汽”。

关于这些“白汽”的形成，涉及到的物态变化过程是（）A．升华过程B．汽化过程C．先液化后汽化D．先汽化后液化9．（3分）如图所示，城市高架道路的部分路段，两侧设有3米左右高的板墙，安装这些板墙的主要目的是（）A．减小车辆噪声污染B．保护车辆行驶安全C．增加高架道路美观D．阻止车辆废气外泄10．（3分）人站在平面镜前，当他向平面镜走近时，下列说法正确的是（）A．像变大，像到镜面的距离变小B．像变大，像到镜面的距离变大C．像不变，像到镜面的距离变小D．像不变，像到镜面的距离不变11．（3分）如图是探究凸透镜成像规律时观察到的现象，下列光学仪器中成像原理与其相同的是（）A．放大镜B．幻灯机C．照相机D．近视眼镜12．（3分）如图所示的光路图中，能正确表示光从空气射入水中时发生的反射和折射现象的是（）A．B．C．D．二、填空题（本大题共5小题，共32分）13．（4分）光在均匀介质中沿传播，光在真空中的传播速度是m/s。

(完整word版)上海民办上宝中学2017学年第一学期初二第一次阶段测试英语卷(无听力部分)

上海上宝中学2017学年第一学期初二第一次阶段性测试英语卷Part II Vocabulary and GrammarI. Choose the best answer:20’26. Which of the underline parts has the different pronunciation from the others?A businessB luckilyC assistantD simple27. It’s _________honor for every guest to be involved to ________dinner.A. a, a B an,/ C an, the D /,/28. There are various kinds of _________in this river, and I have caught three ______so far.A. fish, fish B fishes, fishes C fish, fishes D fishes, fish29. Mr. Bean as well as the other passengers ________quite angry ________the delay.A. are, with B are, about C is, with D is, at30. ------You are always full of _________. Can you tell me the secret?------ Taking plenty of exercise every day.A. energy B strength C force D power31. The teacher who _______a class is a class teacher.A. is in charge of B is in the charge ofC is responsibility forD in charge of32. Since everyone is here, let’s get down to business. What does the underlined part mean?A. buying or selling goods B companyC matters that need to be dealt withD trade33. In the past few years, Dr. Sun __________great success in the field of science.A. has achieved B achieved C had achieved D achieves34. I remember ________him 200 Yuan last week, but he forgets ______the money to me.A. lending, to returnB. to lend, to returnC. lending, returningD. to lend, returning35. You are sure to learn the subject well ________ you find the right way.A. untilB. throughC.as long asD. unless36. _______, you need to give all you have and try your best.A. Being a winnerB. To be a winterC. Be a winnerD. Having been a winner37. He likes pop music, so he _______go to the corner tomorrow night, but I’m not sure.A. canB. mayC. mustD. should38. Sorry, madam. This kind of laptops _______ out. Look! Laptops of that kind also _________well.A. have been sold, sellB. sells, have been soldC. have been sold, soldD. have been sold ,sell39. Parents often expect their children ________all the things that they couldn’t do in the past.A. didB. doingC.to doD.do40. It’s time to __________these foolish ideas and become serious.A. put awayB. put upC. put up withD. put out41. My brother is going to Japan ________next May and he will stay there for _______.A. some time, some timesB. sometime, some timeC. sometimes, some time D some times ,sometimes42. ------ I think he is taking an active part in social work.------ I agree with you _________.A. in a way B on the way C by the way D in the way43. which of the following sentence is correct ?A. I think he shouldn’t give upB. He hasn’t decided when he would fly to BeijingC. I asked him when he had arrivedD. could you tell me which is the way to the hospital?44. ------ Mrs Zhou, may I ask you some questions?------ ________.A. That’s all rightB. My pleasureC. Go aheadD. Sure, what’s it?45. ----- we should try our best to plant more trees to beautify our environment.----- _________.A. I can’t agree moreB.I ’m glad to hear thatC. That’s OKD. I’m afraid I can’tII. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once.8’A build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器）is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the_____46___ is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary eq uipment with you, since it’s all but ____47____ to find natural substitutes. The only ____48____required, though, are a 5＇ 5＇sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To ___49___a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catc her’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.Don’t ___50______ to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building3 right next to the Laster Dome.◆HungryOur ____51_______ will feed your mind but what about your body？Our caféoffers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonals. The caféis located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes.◆Rental InformationLockers are available to store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to _____52______ at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.◆Support Pacific Science CenterSince 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center ______53______ more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry based science education to classrooms and company events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we connect science without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Wish to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，每空格填一词): 8’54.Jonathan Chen, several__________teacher, has written a book on foreign history andculture.(France)55.I found listening to the same story over and over again __________ .(boring)56.Henry was so excited when receiving the____________guitar as a gift, for it was his favouritemusical instrucment.(electricity)57.China disputes its sea borders with several countries, most___________with Japan, Vietnamand the Philippines.(beat)58.He’d like to spend as much time as he can__________ideas with his parents.(change)59.In comparison with absinthe, other drinks are like __________smoking a cigarette outside aMetro station.(hurry)60.The wonderful performance they put on last night were beyond his_________.(expect)61.The mechanical___________of the words made other people think he was insane.(repeat)IV. Rewrite the following sentences as required(根据要求改写句子，每空限填一词): 14’62.It sounds like “Yes”.(对划线部分提问)_________did it sound __________?63.There were few computers in China in the 1960s.(改为反意疑问句)There were few computers in China in the 1960s,________ ________?64.I enjoyed my study trip to France.(改为感叹句)____________ _____________my trip to France was!65.Saint Claus hid the presents in the long stocking on Christmas Eve(改为被动语态)The presents___________ ____________in the long stocking on Christmas Eve.66.Both he and she enjoy reading science fiction.(改为并列句)He_________reading science fiction and so_________she.67.Mary didn’t watch TV last night. Her sister didn’t,either.(保持原句意思)I bought thisEnglish-Chinese dictionary two weeks ago.(保持原句意思)__________of the two sisters ____________TV last night..68.What, only, about, you, in, can, this, talking, foreigners, understand, way, are (连词成句)___________________________________________________________.VI. Complete the sentence with the Chinese given.(5’)69.My mother____________________(接我放学)，and then_______________________.(回到办公室继续工作)70.Sandy_________________(严重受伤)while____________________________.(和其他表演者一起练习骑独轮车)71._____________________________________________________.(不幸的是，他这次物理和地理考试没有及格)72.It ______________________to make___________________________.(使我们的声音上升来表示礼貌是一个合适的方法)73.This _________________________________________.(这名电工诚实且正确地回答了这份问卷中所有的问题)Part 3 Reading and writing(47’)VII. Reading comprehensionLIPITORABOUT LIPITORLipitor is a prescription medicine. Along with diet and exercise, it lowers "bad" cholesterol(胆固醇) in your blood. It can also raise "good" cholesterol. Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors ,including family history of early heart disease, high blood pressure, age and smoking.WHO IS LIPITOR FOR ？Who can take LIPITOR:People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise. Adults and children over 10.Who should NOT take LIPITOR:Women who are pregnant, may be pregnant, or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby. women who are breast-feeding. Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. People with liver(肝脏) problems.POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITORSerious side effects in a small number of people: Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏) problems, including kidney failure. Liver problems. Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start Lipitor and while you are taking it. Call your doctor right away if you have: Unexplained muscle pain or weakness, especially if you have a fever or feelvery tired. Swelling of the lace, lips, tongue, and/or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing. Stomach pain. Some common side effects of LIPITOR are: Muscle pain Upset stomach Changes in some blood testsHOW TO TAKE LIPITOR DO:Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor. Try to eat heart-healthy food while you take Lipitor. Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food. If you miss a dose(一剂),take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been more than 12hours since your missed dose, wait. Take the next dose at your regular time. Don’t: Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor. Do not taking new medicines before talking to your doctor.74.What is a major function of Lipitor?A．To help quit smoking. B．To control blood pressure.C．To improve unhealthy diet. D．To lower “bad” cholesterol.75.Taking Lipitor is helpful for _________.A．breast-feeding women B．women who are pregnantC．adults having heart disease D．teenagers with liver problems76.If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should _________.A．change the amount of your next doseB．eat more when taking your next doseC．have a dose as soon as you rememberD．take the next dose at your regular time77.Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?A．Face swelling. B．Upset stomach.C．Kidney failure. D．Muscle weakness.78.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To teach patients ways for quick recovery.B.To prevent a report on a scientific research.C.To show the importance of a good lifestyle.D.To give information about a kind of medicine.79.when can you most probably find the passage?A.In a dispensatory D. In a novel C. In a newspaper D. In a science fictionChoose the words or expressions and complete the passage.(6’)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this___80____ process and found something that has changed my experience at college for the better:I discovered ASL-American Sign Language.I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.The ___81___language were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL.The story began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club ___82___their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very __83____ of communicating without speaking attracted me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past .This newness just left me wanting more.After that, feeling the need to explore further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only learned how to sign the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my __84____ progress,I was excited. I then made it a point to attend those meetings and learn all I could.The following term, I registered for an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was prohabited . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. ___85___, if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.80.A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal81. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken82.. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed83. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason84. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious85. stly B.Thus C.Instead D.HoweverC read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.(14’)I needed to buy a digital camera, one that was simply good at taking good snaps (快照), maybe occasionally for magazines. Being the cautious type, I fancied a reliable brand. So I went on the net, spent 15 minutes reading product r ___86_____on good websites, wrote down the names of three top recommendations and headed for my nearest big friendly camera store. There in the cupboard was one of the cameras on my list. And it was on special offer. Oh j oy. I pointed at it and asked an assistant, “Can I have one of those?” He looked perturbed (不安).“Do you want to try it first?" he said. It didn"t quite sound like a question. "Do I need to?" I r___87_____. "There"s nothing wrong with it?" This made him look a bit insulted and I started to feel bad. "No, no. But you should try it," he said encouragingly."C__88____ it with the others. "I looked across at the others: shelves of similar cameras placed along the wall, offeringa wide range of slightly different prices and discounts, with each company selling a range ofmodels based around the same basic box. With so many m__89_____ to choose from, itseemed that I would have to spend hours weighing X against Y, always trying to take Z and possibly H into account at the same time. But when I had finished, I would still have only the same two certainties that I had entered the store with: first, soon after I carried my newcamera out of the shop, it would be w__90____ half what I paid for it; and second, mywonderful camera would very quickly be replaced by a new model.But something in the human soul whispers that you can beat these traps by making the right choice, the clever choice, the wise choice. In the end, I agreed to try the model I had chosen. The assistant seemed a sincere man. So I let him take out my chosen camera from the cupboard, show how it took excellent pictures of my fellow shoppers... and when hestarted to i____91____ the special features, I interrupted to ask whether I needed to buy a carry-case and a memory card as well.Why do we think that new options (选择) still offer us anything new? Perhaps it is because they offer an opportunity to a__92_____ facing the fact that our real choices in this culture are far more limited than we would like to imagine.D answer the questions.(6’)Secret SantasOn Christmas morning, Linda wakes up, and tries to imagine the wideeyed surprise of children in another household as they unwrap the presents she carefully chose for them. Linda has never met the ch ildren, but that’s all part of the joy of giving as secret Santas, she says.“It’s an amazing feeling to buy gifts on an anonymous (匿名的)basis，” says Linda. “It brings a whole new meaning to the holidays.”Linda and Tony are an American couple living in Toronto, Canada, and Linda did charitable work as a member of the American Women’s Club of Toronto. As the name suggests, members are U．S. citizens living in Toronto, who join together for fellowship and community service.To find her “adopted” family, Linda goes to the local schools and requests a wish list for a family that’s struggling to survive. Last year she helped a single mother with three children. The mother works as a cleaning lady in a nursing home.“The list is always heartbreaking. They hav e an opportunity to ask for anything and do just the opposite, asking for basic clothes or simple toys，” she says. “We always buy the kids a new winter coat, hats, and gloves.” She also buys gifts for the parents.Last year Linda asked the mother for a second wish list—one that didn’t include the basics. “Every child should have a Christmas that sticks with them for a lifetime.” She purchased iPods for the two older children and a video game system for the youngest.“I have learned a very valuable lesson in all of this，” says Linda. “Pay attention to what’s going on in your own backyard—no matter where you live.”The joy of giving as secret Santas is much sweeter when the gift is anonymous.93. Does Linda buy a new winter coat, hats, and gloves for the parents or gifts for the kids？94．What reaction does Linda imagine the children will have?95．Why did Linda join the American Women’s Club of Toronto?96．Why did Linda ask for a second wish list？97．What kind of people does “secret Santas” in the passage refer to？98.What can you learn from the story?VIII．Writing.(15’)99. Write at least 60 words on the topic “The Day My Classmate Fell Ill”. The following points are only for reference. (以“我同学生病的日子”为题，写一篇不少于60字的短文。

沪科版数学八年级上册第二次月考测试题及答案

沪科版数学八年级上册第二次月考测试题（适用于十三、十四、十五单元）（时间：120分钟分值：100分）一、选择题（每小题3分，共30分）1．（4分）如图，用∠B＝∠D，∠1＝∠2直接判定△ABC≌△ADC的理由是（）A．AAS B．SSS C．ASA D．SAS2．（4分）如图，AC与BD相交于点E，BE＝ED，AE＝EC，则△ABE≌△CDE的理由是（）A．ASA B．SAS C．AAS D．SSS3．（4分）如图，某同学把一块三角形的玻璃打碎成了三块，现在要到玻璃店去配一块完全一样的玻璃，那么最省事的办法是（）A．带①去B．带②去C．带③去D．带①和②去4．点（3，2）关于x轴的对称点为（）A．（3，﹣2）B．（﹣3，2）C．（﹣3，﹣2）D．（2，﹣3）5．在平面直角坐标系中，点P（﹣3，2）关于直线y=x对称点的坐标是（）A．（﹣3，﹣2）B．（3，2）C．（2，﹣3）D．（3，﹣2）6．在平面直角坐标系中，已知点A（2，3），则点A关于x轴的对称点的坐标为（）A．（3，2）B．（2，﹣3）C．（﹣2，3）D．（﹣2，﹣3）7.已知△ABC中，AB＝6，BC＝4，那么边AC的长可能是下列哪个值（）A.11B.5C.2D.18. 等腰三角形的两边长分别为5 cm和10 cm，则此三角形的周长是（）A．15 cm B．20 cm C．25 cm D．20 cm或25 cm9. 命题：①邻补角互补；②对顶角相等；③同旁内角互补；④两点之间线段最短；⑤直线都相等.其中真命题有（）A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个10.在△ABC中，∠A∶∠B∶∠C=3∶4∶5,则∠C等于（）A.45°B.60°C.75°D.90°二、填空题（每小题3分，共21分）11．在平面直角坐标系中，点A的坐标是（2，﹣3），作点A关于x轴的对称点，得到点A′，再作点A′关于y轴的对称点，得到点A″，则点A″的坐标是（，）．12．在平面直角坐标系中，点（﹣3，2）关于y轴的对称点的坐标是．13．（4分）工人师傅砌门时，如图所示，常用木条EF固定矩形木框ABCD，使其不变形，这是利用．14．（4分）把两根钢条AA′、BB′的中点连在一起，可以做成一个测量工件内槽宽的工具（卡钳），如图，若测得AB＝5厘米，则槽宽为米．15.如图所示，AB =29，BC =19，AD =20，CD =16，若AC =x ，则x 的取值范围为.16.如图所示，在△ABC 中，∠ABC = ∠ACB ，∠A = 40°，P 是△ABC 内一点，且∠1 = ∠2，则∠BPC =________.17.“直角三角形有两个角是锐角”这个命题的逆命题是，它是一个命题. 三、解答题（共49分）18.（6分）在如图所示的直角坐标系中，每个小方格都是边长为1的正方形，△ABC 的顶点均在格点上，点A 的坐标是（﹣3，﹣1）．（1）将△ABC 沿y 轴正方向平移3个单位得到△A 1B 1C 1，画出△A 1B 1C 1，并写出点B 1坐标；（2）画出△A 1B 1C 1关于y 轴对称的△A 2B 2C 2，并写出点C 2的坐标．BACD21P CBA19.（6分）如图，CD＝CA，∠1＝∠2，EC＝BC，与DE相等的线段是哪一条？说明理由．20.（8分）如图，已知在△ABC中，∠B与∠C的平分线交于点P.（1）当∠A=70°时，求∠BPC的度数；（2）当∠A=112°时，求∠BPC的度数；（3）当∠A= 时，求∠BPC的度数.第20题图21.（9分）如图所示，武汉有三个车站A、B、C成三角形，一辆公共汽车从B 站前往到C站．（1）当汽车运动到点D时，刚好BD=CD，连接线段AD，AD这条线段是什么线段？这样的线段在△ABC中有几条呢？此时有面积相等的三角形吗？（2）汽车继续向前运动，当运动到点E时，发现∠BAE=∠CAE，那么AE这条线段是什么线段呢？在△ABC中，这样的线段又有几条呢？（3）汽车继续向前运动，当运动到点F时，发现∠AFB=∠AFC=90°，则AF是什么线段？这样的线段在△ABC中有几条？22.（8分）已知：如图，DG⊥BC，AC⊥BC，EF⊥AB，∠1=∠2，求证：CD⊥AB．23.（12分）规定，满足（1）各边互不相等且均为整数，（2）最短边上的高与最长边上的高的比值为整数k，这样的三角形称为比高三角形，其中k叫做比高系数．根据规定解答下列问题：（1）求周长为13的比高系数k的值；（2）写出一个只有4个比高系数的比高三角形的周长.参考答案一、1．A．2．B．3．C．4．A．5．C．6．B．7.B8.C9.C10. C二、11．﹣2；3．12（3，2）．13．这是利用三角形的稳定性．14．0.05．15.10＜＜3616.110°17. “有两个角是锐角的三角形是直角三角形”、故是假命题．三、18.解：（1）如图所示：△A1B1C1，即为所求；点B1坐标为：（﹣2，﹣1）；（2）如图所示：△A2B2C2，即为所求，点C2的坐标为：（1，1）．19. 解：DE＝AB．理由如下：∵∠1＝∠2，∴∠1+ACE＝∠2+∠ACE，即∠ACB＝∠DCE，在△ABC和△DCE中，，∴△ACB≌△DCE（SAS），∴AB＝DE．20.解：（1）∵ BP和CP分别是∠Ｂ与∠Ｃ的平分线，∴∠１＝∠２，∠３＝∠４.∴∠2+∠4=（180°－∠A）=90°－∠A，∴∠BPC =90°+∠A.∴当∠A=70°时，∠BPC =90°+35°=125°.（2）当∠A=112°时，∠BPC=90°+56°=146°.（3）当∠A=α时，∠BPC=90°+ α.21.（1）AD是△ABC中BC边上的中线，△ABC中有三条中线．此时△ABD与△ADC 的面积相等．（2）AE是△ABC中∠BAC的平分线，△ABC中角平分线有三条．（3）AF是△ABC中BC边上的高线，△ABC中有三条高线．22.∵DG⊥BC，AC⊥BC（已知），∴∠DGB=∠ACB=90°（垂直定义），∴DG∥AC（同位角相等，两直线平行）.∴∠2=∠ACD（两直线平行，内错角相等）.∵∠1=∠2（已知），∴∠1=∠ACD（等量代换），∴EF∥CD（同位角相等，两直线平行）.∴∠AEF=∠ADC（两直线平行，同位角相等）.∵EF⊥AB（已知），∴∠AEF=90°（垂直定义），∴∠ADC=90°（等量代换）.∴CD⊥AB（垂直定义）．23.（1）根据定义和三角形的三边关系，知此三角形的三边是2，5，6或3，4，6，则k=3或2．（2）如周长为37的三角形，只有四个比高系数，当比高系数为2时，这个三角形三边分别为9，10，18，当比高系数为3时，这个三角形三边分别为6，13，18，当比高系数为6时，这个三角形三边长分别为3，16，18，当比高系数为9时，这个三角形三边分别为2，17，18．。

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初二（上）第二次月考数学试卷
一、填空题
1. 正比例函数图像上有两点与，则的值为____________
()1,3-(),21a a +a 2. 若二次三项式在实数范围内不能分解因式，则m 的范围是____________
()2132m x x +-+3. 已知反比例函数的图象经过点，则m 的值为____________2y x
=
(),1A m 4. 若点在反比例函数的图像上，则当函数值时，自变量(),2A m -4y x
=2y ≥-x 的取值范围是____________
5. 过反比例函数图象上一点A ，分别作轴、()0k y k x
=≠x y 轴的垂线，垂足分别为B 、C ，如果的面积为3，则k 的值为____________
ABC 6. 已知点在双曲线上，且OA=4，过A 作AC 垂直(),A a b 6y x
=x 轴于点C ，OA 的垂直平分线交线段OC 于B ，则ABC
的周长为____________
7. 如图，ABC
中，∠B=22.5°，∠C=60°，边AB 的垂直平分线交BC 于D ，交AB
于E ，已知，则的面积为____________
BD =ABC 8. 如果要通过平移直线得到的图像，那么直线13y x =-53x y --=13
y x =-必须向____平移____个单位
9. 关于的一次函数x ()313
y m x m =--+的图像不过第四象限，则试求m 的取值范围____________
10. 直线交轴、轴于A 、B 两点，P 是反比例函数6y x =-x y ()40y x x
=>图象上位于直线下方的一点，过点P 作轴的垂线，垂足为点M ，交AB 于点E ，过点P 作x 轴的垂线，垂足为点N ，交AB 于点F 。

则____________
y AF BE ⋅=11. 如图4，已知在ABC
中，AB=AC ，∠A=120°，AC 的垂直平分线分别交AC 、BC 于点D 、E ，若设，DE x =，求与之间的关系式____________
BC y =y x 12. 如图5，直线与双曲线交于A 、B 两点，其横坐标分别为1和5，则不等式1y k x b =+2k y x
=
的解集是____________21k k x b x +≤
13. 如图6，点A 是反比例函数的图象上任意一点，AB//轴交反比例函数()20y x x =>x 3y x
=-的图象于点B ，以AB 为边作平行四边形ABCD ，其中C 、D 在轴上，则x ABCD S 为____________
二、选择题
14. 下列命题中，逆命题不正确的是（）
A. 两直线平行，同旁内角互补
B. 对顶角相等
C. 直角三角形的两个锐角互余
D.
直角三角形两条直角边的平方和等于斜边的平方
15.
如图，有一只小鸟在一棵高4m 的小树梢上捉虫子，它的伙伴在离该树12m ，高20m 的一棵大树的树梢上发出友好的叫声，它立刻以4m/s 的速度飞向大树树梢，那么这只小鸟至少几秒才可能到达大树和伙伴在一起（）
A. 4秒
B. 5秒
C. 6秒
D. 8秒
16. 当时，函数与函数在同一坐标系中的图像可能是（）0a ≠1y ax =+a y x =
17. 若双曲线与直线的一个交点的横坐标为k y x
=
21y x =+1-
，则k 的值为（）
A. B. 1 C. 1-2
-D. 2
18. 对于函数，下列说法错误的是（）6y x
= A. 它的图像分别在一、三象限 B.
它的图像既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形
C. 当时，的值随的增大而增大
D. 当时，的值随的增大而减小
0x >y x 0x <y x 19. 一次函数与反比例函数()10y kx b k =+≠()20m y m x =≠在同一直角坐标系中的图象如图所示，若，则的取值范围是（）
12y y >x
A. 或
B. 或
C.
D. 20x -<<1x >2x <-01x <<1x >21
x -<<三、解答题
20. 与成正比例，与成反比例，，当时，，当时，
1y 1x -2y 1x +12y y y =-2x =1y =3x =，求时，的值
3y =-1x =y 21. 已知直线经过点，点P 关于轴的对称点在反比例函数2y x =-()2,P a -y 'P ()0k y k x
=
≠的图象上。

（1）求的值；
a （2）直接写出点的坐标；
'P （3）求反比例函数的解析式.22. 已知正比例函数过点，点P 在正比例函数图像上，B （0,4）且.
()2,4A -8OBP S = （1）求此正比例函数解析式；
（2）求P 点的坐标.
23. 如图，函数的图象与函数11y k x b =+()220k y x x
=>的图象交于A 、B 两点，与轴交于C 点，已知A 点坐标为（2,1），C 点坐标为（0,3）.
y （1）求函数的表达式；
1y （2）B 点的坐标.
24. 如图，在ABC
中，∠ABC=45°，AH 、BR 分别为BC 、AC 边上的高，且相交于D 、M 、N 分别为AC ，BD 的中点，O 为MN 的中点.
求证：（1）OH 垂直平分MN ；
（2）若BD=4，求MN 的长.
25. 如图，一次函数的图象与反比例数的图象交于y kx b =+m y x
=、两点.
()3,1A -()2,B n （1）求上述反比例函数和一次函数的解析式；
（2）求的面积.
AOB
26. 已知，如图，在平面直角坐标系中，点，点()2,0A -()
0,2B ，点E 在线段AB 上的动点（点E 不与点A 、B 重合），以点E 为顶点作∠OET=45°，射线ET 交线段OB 于点F ，C 为轴正半轴上一点，且OC=AB ，直线y 的图像经过A 、C 两点.
y mx n =+（1）求直线AC 的函数表达式；
（2）当为等腰三角形时，求点E 的坐标.
EOF
27. 如图，直线与轴、轴分别交于A 、B 两点，，点是直线3y kx =+x y 34
OB OA =(),C x y 上与A 、B 不重合的动点.3y kx =+（1）求直线的解析式；
3y kx =+（2）若的面积是6，求点C 的坐标；
AOC （3）过点C 的另一直线CD 与轴相交于D 点，是否存在点C 使与y BCD AOB
全等？若存在，请求出点C 的坐标；若不存在，请说明理由.
参考答案
1、 2、且 3、2 4、或15-18
m >1m ≠-2x ≤-0x >
5、 6、 7、 8、6±(18++539、 10、8 11、 12、或133
m <≤6y x =01x <<5x >13、5
14-19、BBCBCA
20、6
21、（1）；（2）；（3）4a =()'2,4P 8y x
=22、（1）；（2）或2y x =-()4,8P -()
4,8-23、（1）；（2）13y x =-+()
1,2
24、（1）略；（2）MN =25、（1）；；（2）3y x =-1122y x =--54
26、（1）；（2）或y =+(2,2-()
1,1--27、（1）；（2）；（3）或或334y x =-+()8,3C -1224,55⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭126,55⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭()4,6-。