考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编30(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编30 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1． Recent research into aging suggests that the body’s defense mechanisms may
lose the ability to distinguish what is alien.(2003年春季电子科技大学考博试题)
A．insane
B．infectious
C．foreign
D．poisonous
正确答案：C
解析：本题中，alien的意思是“外来的，不同的”。四个选项中，foreign的意思是“外国的，异质的”，如：a foreign object in the eye．(眼睛中的异物)。insane的意思是“患精神病的，极度愚蠢的”；infectious的意思是“有传染性的，易感染的”。只有C项符合题意。
2． It is impossible to ______ whether she’ll be well enough to come home from
the hospital next month.(2004年湖北省考博试题)
A．foresee
B．infer
C．fabricate
D．inhibit
正确答案：A
解析：本题意为“很难预见她是否能在下个月出院回家”。A项的“foresee预见”符合题意。其他三项“infer推论、推断；fabricate制作、装配，伪造；inhibit禁止、约束”都不正确。
3． She said some bad things about me, but I have______her for that.
A．released
B．freed
C．forgiven
D．regretted
正确答案：C
解析：forgive vt．原谅，饶恕，宽恕。
4． Boris Yeltsin, Russia’s ______ present, died. His funeral in Moscow was
attended by a bevy of world leaders past and present.(2009年北京大学考博试题)
A．prior
B．past
C．former
D．late
正确答案：C
解析：固定搭配，former present意为“前任总统”，即正确答案为C。
5． Since his retirement, Peter Smith, who was ______ a teacher, has written four
novels.(2013年厦门大学考博试题)
A．lately
B．usually
C．formerly
D．already
正确答案：C
解析：四个选项的意思分别是lately近来，最近：usually通常，大抵；formerly从前，以前：already早已，已经。句意是，彼特-史密斯以前是老师，在退休后已经写了四本小说。根据句意可推出正确答案是C选项。
6． When she was asked why she was ahsent for the party, no answer was______.
(2007年中国矿业大学考博试题)
A．imminent
B．urgent
C．emergent
D．forthcoming
正确答案：D
解析：四个选项中，imminent的意思是“逼近的，即将发生的”：urgent的意思是“紧急的，急迫的”；emergent的意思是“突现的，意外的，紧急的”；forthcoming的意思是“现有的，随时可得的”。根据题意，D项为正确答案。
7． Some young people have made a(n)______ by developing private business.
A．fund
B．wealth
C．fortune
D．estate
正确答案：C
解析：fortune n．钱财，财产；命运；运气(inherit a fortune；come into a fortune；by good fortune；leave sth．to fortune)。fund n．(单数)基金，(一笔)专款；(pl．)资金，储备款。wealth n．财富，财产，金钱：(a wealth of)丰富的，大量的。estate
n．地产，财产，遗产。
8． A group of scholars from several countries were holding a ______ on new
trend of literature.(2006年中国矿业大学考博试题)
A．fort
B．foam
C．forum
D．summit
正确答案：C
解析：四个选项中，fort的意思是“堡垒，要塞”；foam的意思是“泡沫，灭火泡沫”：forum的意思是“公开讨论的场所，讨论会”；summit的意思是“最高官阶，最高级会议”。根据题意，C项为正确答案。
9． You asked me to______ it to Miss Tullock but forgot to give me her address.
A．offer
B．forward
C．grant
D．present
正确答案：B
解析：forward(to)vt.转交，转寄，转运(如：They forwarded his mail to his new
address．We’re forwarding you a list of the store’s latest men’s clothing．)。offer
vt．(主动提出)给予，提供。grant vt．授予，准予，同意给予。present vt.赠(送)，呈献；提出，呈交。
10． By such demarcation, strong, representative national societies can then be
left to do what they do best— ______ young scientists’ development at national
meetings, and represent their disciplines at the national level.(2009年北京航空航天大学考博试题)
A．foster
B．founder
C．found
D．foul
正确答案：A
解析：四个选项的意思分别是：foster养育，促进；founder创立者；found建立，创办；foul堵塞，弄脏，根据句子意思可知，正确答案是A选项。如：Foster study and practice of creativity thinking ability of students in mathematics
teaching．(在数学教学中培养学生创造性思维能力的研究与实践。)
11． This is but a ______of the total amount of information which the teenager
has stored.(2003年复旦大学考博试题)
A．friction
B．fraction
C．faction
D．fracture
正确答案：B
解析：本题空格处是说全部信息量的一小部分。B项“fraction一小部分”符合题意，如：Only a fraction of my friends have video recorder．(我的朋友中只一小部分人有录像机。)其他三项“friction摩擦力，摩擦；faction派系，派别；fracture破裂，骨折”都不正确。
12． The cargo box has a label”______” on it. Please handle it with care.(2004年北京大学考博试题)
A．flexible
B．break
C．fragile
D．stiff
正确答案：C
解析：本题空格处意为“易碎的标签”。fragile意为“易碎的，脆的”，如：The fragile boxes arrived intact．(这些易碎的箱子完整无损地运到了。)flexible意为“灵活的，柔软的”；break意为“暂停，打破”；stiff意为“僵硬的，呆板的”。根据题意，只有C项符合题意。
13． He said he was an insurance salesman, but later on she discovered he was
a(n)______.(2004年湖北省考博试题)
A．alien
B．counterpart
C．client
D．fraud
正确答案：D
解析：本题意为“他说他是卖保险的，但后来她发现他是个骗了”。D项“fraud骗子”符合题意，如：People who tell your future by means of a pack of cards are
frauds．(用一叠纸牌为你占卜未来的人都是骗子。)其他三项“alien外侨，外国人；counterpart(职位，性格等方面)相对应的人；client委托人，顾客”都不正确。
14． The ______ of accidents on that road gives the doctors a lot of work.
A．figure
B．number
C．occurrence
D．frequency
正确答案：D
解析：frequency n．次数，频繁；频率，出现率。
15． Vacation policies continue to be a source of______ between management
and the workers.(2014年北京航空航天大学考博试题)
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编39(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编39 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1． As its______grew, funds began to accumulate and the union got more and
more powerful.
A．recruit
B．size
C．membership
D．expansion
正确答案：C
解析：membership n.会员数；全体会员(如：The membership of the club is now
500．The society has a large membership．)。recruit n．新兵，新成员。size n.大小，尺寸，尺码。expansion n．扩大，扩充；扩张，膨胀。
2． Little boys seem to enjoy______ train sets more than little girls.(2003年中国社会科学院考博试题)
A．capture
B．departure
C．fixture
D．miniature
正确答案：D
解析：本题是说，小男孩看上去比小女孩更喜欢小型的火车装置。D项“miniature缩小的”符合题意。其他三项“capture捕获；departure出发；fixture固定设备”都不正确。
3． Concerned people want to______ the risk of developing cancer.(2002年春季上海交通大学考博试题)
A．take
B．decrease
C．minimize
D．claimed
正确答案：C
解析：本题中，take the risk of doing sth．的意思是“冒险做……”；decrease的意思是“降低”；minimize的意思是“减到最少”；claimed的意思是“声称、主张”。根据题意，四个选项中只有C项为正确答案。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编53(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编53 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1． We all buy things on the______of the moment; this is what the retail trade
calls an “impulse buy”.(2007年中国科学院考博试题)
A．urge
B．force
C．spur
D．rush
正确答案：C
解析：此题考查的是词语的搭配。urge项表示“敦促”；force表示“力量，影响力”；spur表示“动力”；rush表示“匆促”。只有C项有固定用法on the spur
of,表示一时冲动，所以答案是C选项。
2． The young nation has not yet attained political ______.
A．stability
B．prosperity
C．maturity
D．independence
正确答案：A
解析：stability n.稳定，稳固(如：Nothing is more important than political
stability for a country in its economic endeavour．)。 prosperity n.兴旺，繁荣。maturity n.成熟(阶段)；有经验。independence n.独立，自主。
3． Even when textbooks are ______ through a school system, methods of
teaching may vary greatly.(2011年四川大学考博试题)
A．commonplace
B．standardized
C．competitive
D．generalized
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编5(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编5 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1． Under ethical guideline recently adopted by the National Institutes of Health,
human genes are to be manipulated only to correct disease for which ______
treatments are unsatisfactory.(2014年北京航空航天大学考博试题)
A．similar
B．dangerous
C．uncommon
D．alternative
正确答案：D
解析：本题考查形容词辨析。A相似的；B危险的；C不寻常的，罕有的；D供选择的。选择性的，交替的。句意为：根据国家健康研究机构最近通过的伦理学的指导方针，人类的基因只有在(其他的)治疗方案不能满意的情况下才可以改变。D为正确选项。
2． The project is not______a failure. It is a success in some respect.
A．altogether
B．likely
C．possibly
D．inevitably
正确答案：A
解析：not altogether并非完全(如：It’s not altogether impossible．She wasn’t
altogether pleased with her choice．I don’t altogether agree with him．)。likely ad.很可能；a.可能的，有希望的(句型：sb．is likely to+动词原形；it is likely that sb．will
do sth．；a likely place；不能说likely a place)。possibly ad.可能，也许。inevitably
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编54(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编54 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1． Mr. White______ for the teacher who was in hospital.
A．served
B．substituted
C．placed
D．replaced
正确答案：B
解析：substitute(for)v.用……代替；代替，取代(如：Her brother substituted as
host while her husband was away．He substituted for the worker who was ill．)。serve(as)vi．用作，当作，权当……用。place vt．放。replace vt．替换，取代；把……放回原处(replace A by／with B)。
2． I think I’m safe in saying that he will ______me as full Director.
A．succeed
B．follow
C．inherit
D．pursue
正确答案：A
解析：succeed vt．接替，接……之后(如：John Adams succeeded Washington
as president．Elizabeth succeeded Mary／to the throne．)。follow vt．跟在……后面。inherit vt．继承(注：inherit以人作主语，以遗产、官衔、父母的品质或特点等名词作宾语)。pursue vt．追赶，追踪；追求，从事。
3． They have had a good harvest for three years in______.
A．line
B．end
C．row
考博英语(词汇)练习试卷30(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）练习试卷30 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1． A year has______and there is no sign of the situation getting any better.
A．emerged
B．enclosed
C．clasped
D．expired
正确答案：D
解析：本题是说一年已经过去了，境况没有变好的迹象。expire“期满，结束”符合题意，如：Our trade agreement with Holland will expire at the end of this
year．(我国同荷兰的贸易协定今年年底期满。)emerge“出现”，enclose“围住，封在……之中”，clasp“扣紧，紧握”都不正确。 知识模块：词汇
2． As a result of their frequent litters, rabbits have the reputation of
being______.
A．ruthless
B．prolific
C．practical
D．rational
正确答案：B
解析：本题是说兔子的繁殖力强出了名。B项prolific“多产的，大量繁殖的”符合题意，如：a family prolific of children(多子女的家庭)。其他三项ruthless“无情的”，practical“实际的”，rational“合理的，理性的”都不正确。 知识模块：词汇
3． Because of the bombing that killed six people, Washington has been urging
the spokesman to______terrorism more severely.
A．charge
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编50(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编50 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1． Our manager is so______ in his thinking, he never listens to new ideas.(2013年厦门大学考博试题)
A．stiff
B．rigid
C．tense
D．tight
正确答案：B
解析：四个选项的意思分别是stiff僵硬的，不灵活的；rigid<人>[在……方面]固执的，顽固的；tense拉紧的，绷紧的：tight严厉的，吝啬的。句意是，我们经理对自己的想法非常固执，从来听不见新的想法。根据句意推出正确答案是B选项。
2． America has now adopted more ______ European-style inspection systems,
and the incidence of food poisoning is falling.(2014年厦门大学考博试题)
A．discrete
B．solemn
C．rigorous
D．autonomous
正确答案：C
解析：句意为：现在美国已经采用了更加严密的欧式检测系统，食物中毒发生率正在下降。根据句意，只有C项rigorous“严密的，严格的”符合句意，故选C项。A项意为“分离的”；B项意为“庄严的”；D项意为“自治的”，均不符合句意。
3． She has______ideas about becoming a famous actress.
A．childish
B．illusory
C．novel
D．romantic
正确答案：D
解析：romantic a．不切实际的，爱空想的；浪漫的，传奇的(如：A romantic
person likes to imagine things．Don’t be carried away with romantic notions．A
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编32(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编32 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1． The husband and wife were never in ______ or agreement about anything for
five minutes together.
A．sympathy
B．harmony
C．symphony
D．consistency
正确答案：B
解析：harmony n.协调，和谐。sympathy(with)n.同情(be in sympathy with赞同，同情)。symphony n.交响乐，交响曲；(色彩等的)和谐，协调。consistency n.一贯性，前后—致。
2． There are probably very few cases in which different races have lived in
complete ______ in a single country for long periods. (2006年财政部财政研究所考博试题)
A．success
B．revenge
C．harmony
D．conscience
正确答案：C
解析：success成功；revenge复仇；harmony融洽，和谐；conscience良心，是非感。根据题意，C为正确选项。
3． This year the farmers were just able to gather in the ______ before the fine
weather came to an end.
A．collection
B．seed
C．yield
D．harvest
正确答案：D
解析：harvest n．收获，收割；收成。collection n.收集，采集；收藏品。seed
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编50(题后含答案及解析) 2
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编50 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1． Our manager is so______ in his thinking, he never listens to new ideas.(2013年厦门大学考博试题)
A．stiff
B．rigid
C．tense
D．tight
正确答案：B
解析：四个选项的意思分别是stiff僵硬的，不灵活的；rigid<人>[在……方面]固执的，顽固的；tense拉紧的，绷紧的：tight严厉的，吝啬的。句意是，我们经理对自己的想法非常固执，从来听不见新的想法。根据句意推出正确答案是B选项。
2． America has now adopted more ______ European-style inspection systems,
and the incidence of food poisoning is falling.(2014年厦门大学考博试题)
A．discrete
B．solemn
C．rigorous
D．autonomous
正确答案：C
解析：句意为：现在美国已经采用了更加严密的欧式检测系统，食物中毒发生率正在下降。根据句意，只有C项rigorous“严密的，严格的”符合句意，故选C项。A项意为“分离的”；B项意为“庄严的”；D项意为“自治的”，均不符合句意。
3． She has______ideas about becoming a famous actress.
A．childish
B．illusory
C．novel
D．romantic
正确答案：D
解析：romantic a．不切实际的，爱空想的；浪漫的，传奇的(如：A romantic
person likes to imagine things．Don’t be carried away with romantic notions．A
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编33(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编33 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1． India’s internal structure can never be ______ with Europe’s.
A．same
B．similar
C．identical
D．equal
正确答案：C
解析：identical(with)a.同一个：完全相同的(如：That is the identical pen I
lost．The fingerprints of no two persons are identical．This copy is identical with the
ones you bought last week．)。same a.相同的，一样的(习惯上与定冠词the连用)。similar(to)a.相似的，类似的。equal(to／with)a.相等的，同样的：平等的；胜任的。
2． Louis was asked to ______ the man who stole her purse.
A．identify
B．recognize
C．claim
D．confirm
正确答案：A
解析：identify vt．认出，鉴定(身份)；认为……等同于(with)(如：She identified
him as her attacker．I cannot identify this signature．Wealth cannot be identified with
happiness．)。recognize vt．认出，识别；承认。claim vt．声称，主张；说……是自己的，索取。confirm vt．确定，批准，使巩固，使有效。
3． There was snow everywhere, so that the shape of things was difficult to
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编31(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编31 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1． Under the teacher’s stern______, the little boy broke down and confessed to
cheating. (2011年华东师范大学试题)
A．glance
B．glimpse
C．gaze
D．stare
正确答案：C
解析：四个选项的意思分别是glance一瞥，瞥视；glimpse一瞥，一看；gaze凝视，端详(指长时间目不转睛地看)；stare凝视，瞪视。句意是在老师严厉的目光下，小男孩的精神防线彻底垮掉了，承认了考试作弊。所以正确答案是C。
2． To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we
must______ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world market
demand.(2010年厦门大学考博试题)
A．improve
B．enhance
C．guarantee
D．gear
正确答案：D
解析：在给出的选项中：improve“改善，增进”；enhance“增加，提高”；guarantee“保证，担保”；gear(常与to连用)“使适应，使适合”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是D。
3． The steam can______ electricity by turning an electric generator.
A．cause
B．grow
C．generate
D．rouse
正确答案：C
解析：generate vt．发生，产：生(光、热、电等)；引起，导致(如：The machine