托福TPO词汇题汇总

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托福TPO1-5词汇整理

托福阅读TPO1－5单词整理TPO1第一篇：Groundwater（TPO1）groundwatern.地下水saturate['sætʃəreɪt]v.浸透; 使湿透; 渗透; 使充满available[a'vail·a·ble || -ləbl]adj.有空的, 有用的abundant[a'bundant || -nt]adj.大量的; 丰富的; 充足的; 富裕的meteoric[me·te·or·ic || ‚mɪːtɪ'ɑrɪk ,-ɔrɪk /-ɒrɪk]adj.流星的; 大气的; 疾速的circulate[cir·cu·late || 'sɜːkjʊleɪt]v.循环, 环行; 传阅; 传播, 流传; 流通; 使循环; 传递; 使传播; 传阅soak[səʊk]n.浸泡, 浸渍; 烂醉; 酒鬼v.使上下湿透, 吸入, 浸; 浸泡, 渗透precipitation[pre·cip·i·ta·tion || prɪ‚sɪpɪ'teɪʃn]n.猛然落下; 急躁; 猛冲; 鲁莽solid[sol·id || 'sɑlɪd /'sɒl-]n.固体; 立方体; 固态物; 固体非流质食物adj.固体的, 坚固的, 实心的underfootadv.在脚下面, 碍事beneath[be·neath || bɪ'niːθ]adv.在...之下gravel[grav·el || 'grævl]n.砂砾; 砂砾层v.铺碎石, 使搁浅, 使困惑particle[par·ti·cle || 'pɑrtɪkl /'pɑːt-]n.粒子, 极小量, 点grain[greɪn]n.谷物; 谷粒; 谷类v.使成粒状; 对粒面进行处理; 使深深渗入; 成粒状, 结晶pebble[peb·ble || 'pebl]n.小圆石, 小鹅卵石v.用卵石铺; 在上印卵石花纹; 用卵石连续扔coarse[kɔːs]adj.粗糙的, 粗俗的, 下等的steadilyadv.稳定地, 有规则地, 无变化地laden['lad·en || 'leɪdn]adj.装满的; 苦恼的; 负担重的consolidated[con'sol·i·dat·ed || -tɪd]adj.巩固的; 统一的; 团结的deposit[de·pos·it || dɪ'pɒzɪt]n.存款, 堆积物, 定金v.存放; 堆积; 沉淀fanwiseadj 呈扇形的sandbarn.沙洲pore[pɔr /pɔː]n.毛孔; 细孔; 气孔v.注视, 凝视; 默想, 沉思; 钻研, 熟读gap[gæp]n.缝隙, 间断, 缺口cement[ce·ment || sɪ'ment]n.水泥; 接合剂v.接合; 巩固; 用水泥涂; 粘牢percolate[per·co·late || 'pɜrkəleɪt /'pɜː-]v.过滤; 使浸透; 使渗出; 过滤; 浸透; 渗出consolidation[con·sol·i·da·tion || kən‚sɒlɪ'deɪʃn]n.巩固, 强化, 加强; 合并; 联合, 统一; 变坚固proportion[pro·por·tion || prə'pɔrʃn /-'pɔː-]n.比例, 部份, 均衡v.使成比例, 分摊, 使均衡crystalline[crys·tal·line || 'krɪstəlaɪn]adj.水晶的, 结晶性的, 透明的volcanic[vol·can·ic || vɑl'kænɪk /vɒl-]adj.火山的, 猛烈的, 象火山的bubble[bub·ble || 'bʌbl]n.泡沫, 幻想v.冒泡, 沸腾; 使冒泡, 滔滔不绝地说porosity[po·ros·i·ty || pɔ'rɑsətɪ /pɔː'rɒ-]n.多孔性, 有孔性permeability[per·me·a·bil·i·ty || ‚prmɪə'bɪlətɪ/‚pɜː-] n.渗透; 可透性; 渗透性; 导磁性cavity[cav·i·ty || 'kævətɪ]n.洞; 腔; 空穴crevice[crev·ice || 'krevɪs]n.裂缝basalt[ba·salt || 'bæsɔːlt]n.玄武岩consist[con·sist || kən'sɪst]v.组成, 构成; 一致, 符合; 在于, 存在于instantly[in·stant·ly || 'ɪnstəntlɪ]adv.立即地; 即刻地film[fɪlm]n.软片, 影片, 薄膜v.覆以薄膜, 拍摄; 生薄膜, 拍电影relative[rel·a·tive || 'relətɪv]n.亲戚, 关系词adj.有关系的, 比较的, 相对的if the pores are large, the water in them will exist as drops too heavy for surface tension to hold, and it will drain away; but if the pores are small enough, the water in them will exist as thin films, too light to overcome the force of surface tension holding them in place; then the water will be firmly held.Surface tension is not strong enough to retain drops pf water in rocks with large pores but is strong enough to hold to thin films of water in rocks with small pores.第二篇：The Origins of Theater（TPO1）theater['θɪətə(r)]n.剧场; 电影院; 戏院primarily['praɪmərəlɪ]adv.首先; 首要地, 主要地; 起初, 原来; 根本上speculation[‚spekjə'leɪʃn /-jʊ'l-]n.思索; 推测; 沉思; 投机champion['tʃæmpjən]n.冠军; 战士; 拥护者v.保卫, 拥护adj.优胜的, 冠军的; 第一流的envision[ɪn'vɪʒn]v.想像; 预想myth[mɪθ]n.神话, 虚构的人, 虚构的事ritual['rɪtʃʊəl]n.仪式, 宗教仪式, 典礼adj.仪式的, 依仪式而行的perceive[pər'sɪːv /pə'-]v.察觉; 意识到; 感知; 理解well being健康; 幸福attribute[ə'trɪbjuːt]=Ascriben.属性; 标志, 象征; 特质, 特性; 定语v.归于, 属于ascribe[ə'skraɪb]v.归因于; 归咎于occurrence[ə'kɜrəns /ə'kɜrəns]n.发生, 发现, 事件undesirableadj.不受欢迎的, 不良的desirable[de·sir·a·ble || dɪ'zaɪərəbl]adj.值得向往的; 令人满意的; 值得拥有的; 富有魅力的favor ['feɪvə(r)]n.赞成, 赞同; 偏袒; 偏爱; 善意的行为apparent[ə'pærənt]adj.显然的; 外观上的repeat[rɪ'pɪːt]n.重复, 反复v.重复; 重说; 重做; 复述, 背诵; 重复; 重说; 重做formalize['for·mal·ize || 'fɔrməlaɪz /'fɔːm-]v.正式化; 使形式化; 定形ceremony['serɪmənɪ]n.仪式, 典礼; 形式; 礼仪, 礼节; 虚礼, 客套representative[‚rɪːprɪ'zentətɪv]n.代表, 典型, 众议员adj.描写的, 代理的, 表现的supernaturaladj.超自然的, 不可思议的, 神奇的; 鬼怪的; 神的n.超自然物, 不可思议的事, 神奇人物rite[raɪt]n.仪式, 习俗, 典礼mythical['mɪθɪkl]adj.神话的; 虚构的, 杜撰出来的; 神话般的accompany[ə'kʌmpənɪ]v.陪同, 伴随; 随着...发生; 为...伴唱, 为...伴奏; 伴唱, 伴奏nay[neɪ]n.拒绝, 投反对票, 反对adv.否, 不但如是, 不autonomous[ɔː'tɒnəməs]=independentadj.自治的; 自主的; 自治权的; 独立存在的independent[‚ɪndɪ'pendənt]n.中立派; 无党派者adj.独立自主的; 不受约束的entertainment[‚entə(r)'teɪmənt]n.款待; 娱乐表演; 娱乐aesthetic[iːs'θetɪk(l)]adj.美学的; 艺术的; 美的; 审美的efficacious[‚efɪ'keɪʃəs]adj.有效的; 灵验的mystical['mɪstɪkl]adj.神秘的, 奥秘的proposed[prə'pəʊzd]adj.被提议的; 所推荐的alternative[al'ternətɪv]n.选择, 二择一; 选择的自由; 供选择的东西adj.两者择一的; 替代的; 非此即彼的; 供选择的feat[fɪːt]n.壮举, 技艺表演, 功绩pantomime['pæntəmaɪm]n.手势, 舞剧, 哑剧v.用手势传达; 演哑剧; 用手势示意pantomimic[‚pæntə'mɪmɪk]adj.哑剧的gymnastic['dʒɪm'næstɪk]adj.体操的; 体育的imitation[‚ɪmɪ'teɪʃn]n.模仿; 冒充; 效法adj.人造的; 伪造的; 仿制的admiration[‚ædmə'reɪʃn]n.羡慕, 赞美, 钦佩; 引人赞美的人virtuosity[‚vɜrtʃʊ'ɑsətɪ/‚vɜːtʃʊ'ɒs-]n.精湛技艺; 艺术爱好者; 对艺术品的爱好; 古董收藏家grace[greɪs]n.优雅, 慈悲, 风度v.使优美performance[pər'fɔrməns /pə'fɔː-]n.履行, 成绩, 执行theatrical[θɪ'ætrɪkl]adj.剧场的, 戏剧性的, 夸张的antecedent[,an·te'ced·ent || ‚nt]n.前事, 前情; 前项; 先行词; 前件adj.在先的, 在前的imitate['ɪmɪteɪt]v.模仿, 冒充, 效法cease[siːs]n.停止v.停止, 结束; 停止, 终止reshape[rɪː'ʃeɪp]v.改造, 打开新局面, 使成新的形状satisfy['sætɪsfaɪ]v.使满意, 符合, 满足; 令人满意, 替人赎罪encounter[en·coun·ter || ɪn'kaʊntə]n.相会, 遭遇, 相遇v.遇见, 会战, 邂逅; 偶然相遇fiction[fic·tion || 'fɪkʃn]n.小说, 法律的拟制, 虚构的故事whereby[where'by || hwer'baɪ /weə-]adv.凭什么, 为何reality[re·al·i·ty || rɪ'ælətɪ]n.现实; 事实, 实际存在的事物; 真实; 逼真drama[dra·ma || 'drɑːmə]n.戏剧; 戏剧艺术permit[per·mit || pɜr'mɪt ,pər- /pə'mɪt ,pɜ-]n.通行证, 执照, 许可证v.允许, 容许narrator[nar'ra·tor|| næ'reɪtə(r) ,'næ- /nə-]n.解说员; 叙述者, 讲述者impersonation[im·per·son·a·tion || ɪm‚pɜrsə'neɪʃn /-pɜːs-] n.扮演; 人格化; 模仿storytellingn.讲故事; 写故事virtuosity[vir·tu·os·i·ty || ‚vɜrtʃʊ'ɑsətɪ/‚vɜːtʃʊ'ɒs-]n.精湛技艺; 艺术爱好者; 对艺术品的爱好; 古董收藏家penchant[pen·chant || 'pɒ0303;ːŋʃɒ0303;ːŋ]= inclination n.强烈倾向; 嗜好; 趣味inclination[in·cli·na·tion || ‚ɪnklɪ'neɪʃn]n.倾向, 倾斜度, 意愿comedy[com·e·dy || 'kɒmɪdɪ]n.喜剧; 喜剧性事件; 喜剧性, 喜剧成分detached[de'tached || -tʃt]adj.超然的, 分离的comic[com·ic || 'kɒmɪk]n.连环漫画, 杂耍滑稽演员adj.滑稽的, 喜剧的, 有趣的sufficient[suf'fi·cient || sə'fɪʃnt]adj.充份的, 足够的detachment[de'tach·ment || -mənt]n.分离, 分遣队, 分遣deviation[de·vi·a·tion || ‚diːvɪ'eɪʃn]n.背离entire[en·tire || ɪn'taɪə]adj.全体的, 全部的, 完全的aesthetic[aesthet·ic || iːs'θetɪk(l)]adj.美学的; 艺术的; 美的; 审美的religious[re·li·gious || rɪ'lɪdʒəs]adj.宗教性的, 宗教上的, 虔诚的n.修道士; 和尚; 修女; 尼姑emergence[e'mer·gence || -dʒəns]n.出现; 露头; 浮现artistic[ar·tis·tic || ɑː'tɪstɪk(l)]adj.艺术的; 唯美的; 美术的; 艺术家的For example, some early societies ceased to consider certain rites essential to theirwell-being and abandoned them; nevertheless, they retained as parts of their oral tradition the myths that had grown up around the rites and admired them for their artistic qualities rather than for their religious usefulness.Myths sometimes survived in a society’s tradition because of their artistic qualities even after they were no longer deemed religiously beneficial.第三篇：Timberline Vegetation on Mountains（TPO1）timberlinen.树带界线vegetation[‚vedʒɪ'teɪʃn]n.植被, 呆板单调的生活, 植物, 草木dramatic[drə'mætɪk] =strikingadj.戏剧性的; 生动的tundran.苔原, 冻土地带steppe[step]n.特指西伯利亚一带没有树木的大草原moisture['mɔɪstʃə(r)]n.湿气, 降雨, 水分transition[træn'sɪʃn]n.转变, 过渡时期, 转换zone[zəʊn]n.地域, 地区, 地带v.环绕, 使分成地带semiaridadj.雨量非常少的; 半干旱的slope[sləʊp]n.斜坡, 倾斜, 斜面v.倾斜, 逃走; 使倾斜; 掮; 使有坡度tropic['trɑpɪk /'trɒ-]n.回归线, 热带adj.热带的; 热带地方的subtropics[‚sʌb'trɑpɪk /-rɒp-]n.亚热带, 副热带deciduous[dɪ'sɪdjʊəs]adj.每年落叶的, 非永久性的species['spɪːʃɪːz ,-s-]n.种类; 形式; 种; 人类polar['pəʊlə(r)]adj.两极的, 南辕北辙的, 极地的moist[mɔɪst]adj.潮湿的, 感伤的, 多雨的twistedadj.喝醉了的; 疯狂的, 滑稽的; 古怪的deformed[de'formd]adj.畸形的; 丑陋的; 变形的; 残废的latitude['lætɪtuːd /-tjuːd]n.纬度; 回旋余地, 自由; 纬度地区; 曝光宽容度attain[ə'teɪn]v.达到; 到达; 获得ridge[rɪdʒ]n.背脊, 屋脊, 山脊v.使成脊状; 作垄; 装脊; 成脊状velocity[vɪ'lɑsətɪ /-'lɒs-]n.速度, 迅速, 速率prone[prəʊn]adj.有...倾向的, 易于...的; 倾斜的; 俯卧的, 面向下的; 陡的altitude['æltɪtjuːd]n.高, 高度; 高处, 高地; 海拔; 顶垂线, 高线probably['prɑbəblɪ]adv.大概, 或许smother['smʌðə(r)]n.令人窒息的浓烟; 被抑制状态; 窒息状态v.使窒息, 使透不过气来; 闷熄; 把...闷死; 闷住; 窒息; 被掩饰; 闷死; 被抑制avalanche['ævəlɑːnʃ]n.山崩, 雪崩, 涌到之物creep[kriːp]n.爬, 蠕动, 徐行v.爬, 潜行, 蔓延presence['prezns]n.出席, 存在, 到场ultravioletadj.紫外线的elevation[‚elɪ'veɪʃn]n.海拔, 提高; 标高browsingn.浏览, 在因特网上阅读文件档案(计算机用语)，嫩叶，吃草grazingn.放牧; 牧草; 牧场ibex['aɪbeks]n.野生山羊shoot[ʃuːt]n.射击, 发射, 芽v.发射, 放射; 射出; 开, 放; 射中; 射出, 发出, 射击bud[bʌd]n.芽; 花蕾; 叶芽; 萌芽, 未成熟的事物#小孩, 少女v.发芽, 抽芽; 啄食嫩芽; 开始生长; 使发芽; 接; 发芽生出mature[mə'tjʊə(r)]v.使成熟; 成熟; 到期adj.成熟的; 充分考虑的; 到期的alpine['ælpaɪn]adj.高山的; 阿尔卑斯山的; 高山生长的adjacent[ə'dʒeɪsənt]adj.毗连的, 邻近的, 接近的n.近邻, 同另外的装置通过直接连接联在一起的装置(计算机用语) fairly['feəl-]adv.公平地, 清楚地, 相当地diversity[daɪ'vɜːsətɪ]n.差异; 多样性decrease[diː'kriːs]n.减少; 减少之量v.减; 减少, 减小occasional[ə'keɪʒənl]adj.偶然的, 备不时之需的, 临时的moss[mɔs /mɒs]n.苔藓, 泥沼lichen['laɪkən ,'lɪtʃn]n.青苔; 苔藓; 地衣n.青苔; 苔藓; 地衣prostrate[prɑ'streɪt /prɒ-]v.弄倒, 使俯伏, 使屈服adj.拜倒的, 伏地的, 降伏的cushion['kʊʃn]n.垫子; 靠垫; 坐垫; 垫状物v.加垫褥, 掩盖, 缓冲snowdriftn.被风刮在一起的雪堆, 随风飘飞的雪striking['straɪkɪŋ]adj.醒目的, 打击的, 惊人的rigor['rɪgər /'rɪgə]n.严格; 苛刻; 严厉; 艰苦permit[pɜr'mɪt ,pər- /pə'mɪt ,pɜ-]n.通行证, 执照, 许可证v.允许, 容许crucial['kruːʃl]adj.决定性的, 严厉的, 重要的insulation['ɪnsə'leɪʃn /-sjʊl-]n.隔离; 绝缘; 孤立equatorial[ekwə'tɔːrɪəl]adj.赤道的; 酷热的; 赤道附近的prevalent['prevələnt]=widespreadadj.普遍的, 流行的Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees, as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes.The deformed shapes of trees at high altitudes shows that wind velocity, which increases with altitudes, can cause serious hardship for trees.TPO2第一篇：Desert Formation（TPO2）desertification[,dezətifi'keiʃən]n.沙漠化primarily['praimərəli]adv.首先；主要地，根本上penetration[,peni'treiʃən]n.渗透；渗入aridity[ə'ridəti]n.干旱；乏味diminishedadj.减退了的；减弱的expand[expand]vt.扩张；使膨胀susceptible[sə'septəbl i]adj.易受影响的dominant['dɔminənt]adj.统治的；占优势的trample['træmpl]vt.践踏substitute['sʌbstitju:t]n.代用品；代替者irrigation[iri'ɡeiʃən]n.灌溉salinization[[,sælinai'zeiʃən]n.盐化作用，盐碱化previouslyadv.以前，先前；预先substantial['dɔminənt]adj.大量的，很多的excess['dɔminənt]n.超出量，过剩物identityn.鉴别，识别densityn.密度，稠密prioradj.在……之前，比……优先grazingn.放牧pulverization [pʌlvərai'zeiʃən]n.粉碎，磨碎conditionern.调节器drainage ['dreinidʒ]n.排水装置第二篇：The Origins of Cetaceans （TPO2）cetacean[si'teiʃjən]n.鲸类动物，鲸gilln.鳃streamlined['stri:mlaind]adj.流线型的envision [in'viʒən]vt.想象，预见embedded[im'bedid]adj.嵌入的，插入的marineadj.海洋的，海的retainv.保留locomotion ['ləukə'məuʃən]vt.运动，移动propulsion['prəu'pʌlʃən]n.推进，推进力disguise[dis'ɡaiz]vt.伪装；隐瞒，掩饰conceal[kən'si:l]vt.隐瞒，隐藏affinity[ə'finəti]n.亲缘，亲密关系intermediateadj.中间的，居间的adaptation[[,ədæp'teiʃən]n.适应functionaladj.功能的，机能的realn.后部，背部第三篇：Early Cinema（TPO2）consumption [kən'sʌmpʃən]vt.消费，消耗projectv.放映admission[[əd'miʃən]n.入场费spectacle['spektəkl]n.表演场面，光景accompanyv.附加；补充marveln.奇迹，奇异的事物modelv.模仿，按模型操作ultimate ['ʌltimət]adj.最后的，终极的spectatorn.观众manipulation [mə,nipju'leiʃən]n.操作，控制；处理TPO3第一篇：Architecture（TOP3）practical[prac·ti·cal || 'præktɪkl]adj.实际的, 实用性的, 现实的symbolic[sym·bol·ic·|| sɪm'bɑlɪk /-'bɒl-]adj.象征的, 象征性的; 象征主义的; 作为象征的; 符号的purpose[pur·pose || 'pɜrpəs /'pɜː-]n.目的, 决心, 意向v.意欲, 计划, 企图aspiration[as·pi·ra·tion || ‚æspə'reɪʃn]n.渴望; 热望visual[vis·u·al || 'vɪʒʊəl]adj.看的, 形象的, 视觉的determine[de·ter·mine || dɪ'tɜːmɪn]v.决定; 判决, 裁定; 使决定, 使下决心; 确定; 决定; 判决; 终止three-dimensionalthree-di·men·sion·al adj.三维的utilize[u·ti·lize || 'juːtlaɪ/-tɪl-]v.利用texture[tex·ture || 'tekstʃə(r)]n.质地, 肌理, 纹理harmony[har·mo·ny || 'hɑrmənɪ/'hɑːm-]n.协调, 调和, 和睦variety[va·ri·e·ty || və'raɪətɪ]n.变化, 种种, 多样性instinctivelyadv.本能地; 凭直觉地shelter[shel·ter || 'ʃeltə(r)]n.遮盖物; 避难所; 躲避处; 掩蔽, 遮蔽v.掩蔽, 遮蔽; 保护; 庇护; 躲避; 避难feasible[fea·si·ble || 'fɪːzəbl]= achievableadj.能实行的, 适宜的, 可行的achievableadj.可完成的; 可有成就的; 可达到的architectural[ar·chi·tec·tur·al || ‚ɑːkɪ'tektʃərəl] adj.建筑学的; 符合建筑法的; 有关建筑的mediocre[me·di·o·cre || ‚mɪːdɪ'əʊkə(r)]adj.不好不坏的, 平凡的, 中等的trace[treɪs]n.痕迹; 丝毫, 微量; 遗迹; 图形, 记录#挽绳, 缰绳v.跟踪; 查出, 探出; 调查; 一个一个主题地跟踪一个程序过程(计算机用语) client[cli·ent || 'klaɪənt]n.客户, 委托人, 顾客architect[ar·chi·tect || 'ɑːkɪtekt]n.建筑师; 缔造者, 创造者; 设计师devise[de·vise || dɪ'vaɪz]v.设计; 图谋; 发明gravity[grav·i·ty || 'grævətɪ]n.地心引力; 重力withstand[with'stand || wɪð'stænd ,wɪθ-]v.抵抗, 经得起, 对抗compression[com'pres·sion || -eʃn]n.浓缩; 压榨; 压缩combination[com·bi·na·tion || ‚kɒmbɪ'neɪʃn]n.结合; 团体; 联合; 联盟structure[struc·ture || 'strʌktʃə(r)]n.结构, 建筑物, 构造v.建筑, 组织, 构成integral['in·te·gral || 'ɪntɪgrəl]= essentialn.积分, 整数adj.整体的, 积分的, 整数的essential[es·sen·tial || ɪ'senʃl]adj.必要的, 本质的, 重要的arduous[ar·du·ous || 'ɑːdjʊəs]adj.艰巨的; 困难的; 费力的; 努力的permanence[per·ma·nence || 'pɜrmənəns /'pɜː-]n.永久; 持久availability[a·vail·a·bil·i·ty || ə‚veɪlə'bɪlətɪ]n.有效; 可利用性; 有益; 可得到的东西piling['paɪlɪŋ]n.打桩; 打桩工程ruin[ru·in || 'rʊɪn]n.毁灭, 废墟, 崩溃v.使毁灭; 使成废墟; 毁坏; 使破产; 毁灭, 毁坏; 破产; 变成废墟; 堕落thick[θɪk]adj.厚的, 浓的, 粗壮的adv.厚厚地; 浓浓地; 密集地; 强烈地n.最浓处, 最密集处, 最厚处beam[biːm]n.梁; 横梁; 桁; 秤杆, 天平横杆; 光线v.照射, 照耀; 堆满笑容, 眉开眼笑; 以梁支撑; 将...对准; 用...照射; 流露, 发出invention[in'ven·tion || ɪn'venʃn]n.发明, 虚构的故事, 创作能力limitation[lim·i·ta·tion || ‚lɪmɪ'teɪʃn]n.限制, 限制因素; 极限, 限度; 局限; 追诉时效arch[ɑːtʃ]n.拱门, 弓形v.使成弧形, 拱起, 使成弓形; 呈拱形覆盖; 形成弧形; 呈弧形移动adj.调皮的, 淘气的; 为首的, 主要的segment[seg·ment || 'segmənt]n.部分; 切片, 断片; 部门; 线段v.分割, 切割; 分割成部分; 切成片aboveground[ə'bʌv'graʊnd]adj.在地上的; 未葬的; 还活着的semicircularadj.半圆的horizontal[hor·i·zon·tal || ‚hɑrɪ'zɑntl /‚hɒrɪ'zɒntl]n.水平线, 横的位置, 水平面adj.地平线的; 水平的curved[-vd]adj.弯曲的, 曲线形的brick[brɪk]n.砖; 砖块状物; 砖块; 积木v.用砖砌vertical['ver·ti·cal || 'vɜrtɪkl /'vɜːt-]n.垂直线, 竖向, 垂直面adj.垂直的, 顶点的, 直立的divert[di·vert || daɪ'vɜːt]v.使转向; 转移; 使改道; 使分心; 转向; 转移In order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose, architecture employs methods of support that, because they are based on physical laws, have changed little since people first discovered them-even while building materials have changed dramatically.Unlike building materials, the methods of support used in architecture have not changed overtime because they are based on physical laws.第二篇：Depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer (TPO3) depletion[de·ple·tion || dɪ'pliːʃn]n.消耗; 用尽aquifern.含水土层, 地下蓄水层grasslandn.牧草地; 草原settlement[set·tle·ment || 'setlmənt]n.解决; 殖民; 清算, 结帐; 定居intensity[in·ten·si·ty || ɪn'tensətɪ]n.强烈, 强度, 紧张, 紧张的程度; 力气, 能量; 感情的强度; 极度; 深沉; 清晰, 从图像装置或像素发出光的量, 亮度(计算机用语)ranch[ræntʃ/rɑːntʃ]n.大牧场, 农场; 饲养场v.经营牧场; 在牧场工作wheat[hwɪːt /w-]n.小麦, 淡黄色, 小麦色plain[pleɪn]n.平原, 草原adj.简单的, 平常的, 明白的adv.清楚地aquifern.含水土层, 地下蓄水层quantity[quan·ti·ty || 'kwɑntətɪ/'kwɒ-]n.量, 总数, 数量inhabitedadj.有人居住的ensuing[en'su·ing || -ɪŋ] = subsequentadj.接着发生的; 接踵而至的subsequent['sub·se·quent || 'sʌbsɪkwənt]adj.后来的, 并发的expansion[ex'pan·sion || -nʃn]n.扩充; 膨胀; 开展device[de·vice || dɪ'vaɪs]n.装置; 图案; 设计; 可以发送或接受数据的硬件成分(计算机用语)spray[spreɪ]n.浪花, 飞沫, 水花; 喷雾状物; 喷雾; 喷雾器#小树枝, 小花枝; 枝状物; 枝状花饰; 花叶饰物v.喷洒, 喷涂; 喷, 溅散geometric[ge·o·met·ric || ‚dʒɪəʊ'metrɪk]adj.几何学的, 几何学图形的, 几何学上的circular[cir·cu·lar || 'sɜːkjʊlə]n.通知, 公告; 传单adj.圆形的; 循环的sorghumn.高粱, 蜀黍; 高粱糖浆, 过甜的东西wheat[hwɪːt /w-]n.小麦, 淡黄色, 小麦色grain[greɪn]n.谷物; 谷粒; 谷类v.使成粒状; 对粒面进行处理; 使深深渗入; 成粒状, 结晶beef cattle菜牛fatten['fat·ten || 'fætn]v.养肥; 使肥沃; 长肥; 变肥沃resource[re·source || rɪ'sɔrs ,-z- /-'sɔːs ,-z-]n.资源, 办法, 财力negligible[neg·li·gi·ble || 'neglɪdʒəbl]adj.可以忽略的, 无用的, 不足取的virtually['vir·tu·al·ly || 'vɜrtʃəlɪ/'vɜːt-]adv.事实上, 实质上unprecedented = unlike anything in the pastadj.空前的precedent[prec·e·dent || 'presɪdənt]n.先例, 前例adj.在前的, 前面的, 在先的virtually['vir·tu·al·ly || 'vɜrtʃəlɪ/'vɜːt-] = almostadv.事实上, 实质上近乎几乎是almost[al·most || 'ɔːlməʊst]adv.差不多; 几乎replenish[re·plen·ish || rɪ'plenɪʃ]v.把...装满; 给...添加燃料; 把...再备足, 补充; 再装满, 充满inevitable[in·ev·i·ta·ble || ɪn'evɪtəbl] = unavoidableadj.不可避免的; 必然的unavoidable[un·a·void·a·ble || ‚ʌnə'vɔɪdəbl]adj.不可避免的, 不能作废的, 不得已的philosophy[phi'los·o·phy || fɪ'lɑsəfɪ/-ɒ-]n.哲学, 原理, 人生观Estimates indicate that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron, but unfortunately, under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.Despite the current impressive size of the Ogallala aquifer, the regio n’s climate keeps the rates of water addition very small.pipelinen.管道, 管子; 一系列连接的管; 资料在中央处理单位被传送的通道(计算机用语) incentive[in·cen·tive || ɪn'sentɪv]n.动机adj.激励的concentrate[con·cen·trate || 'kɒnsəntreɪt]v.集中; 浓缩; 聚集, 集结; 集中; 全神贯注; 聚集, 集结; 全力以赴crisis[cri·sis || 'kraɪsɪs]n.危机, 紧要关头, 危险期scheme[skɪːm]n.方案, 图谋, 体制v.计划; 策划, 密谋; 设计; 拟订计划; 搞阴谋tenfoldadv.十倍地uncompetitiveadj.不竞争的inject[in·ject || ɪn'dʒekt]v.注射; 注入compressed[com'pressed || -st]adj.被压缩的; 扁平的partial[par·tial || 'pɑrʃl /'pɑː-]adj.部分的, 偏爱的, 偏袒的strain[streɪn]n.过度的疲劳; 张力; 紧张#血缘, 世系; 种, 品种; 族; 气质, 倾向v.拉紧; 伸张; 拖紧; 尽力睁大; 尽力, 使劲; 紧拖; 紧拉; 不肯接受, 以为不可TPO4第一篇：Deer Populations of the Puget Sound(TPO4) species[spe·cies || 'spɪːʃɪːz ,-s-]n.种类; 形式; 种; 人类mule[mjuːl]n.骡; 杂交动物; 固执的人; 电力牵引机#无后跟的拖鞋prairie[prai·rie || 'prerɪ/'preərɪ]n.大草原, 牧场marshy[marsh·y || 'mɑrʃɪ/['mɑːʃɪ]adj.沼泽般的; 湿软的; 生于沼泽的cousin[cous·in || 'kʌzn]n.堂兄弟姊妹; 表兄弟姊妹diet[di·et || 'daɪət]n.饮食, 食物; 特种饮食#议会, 国会v.进规定的饮食; 节食; 忌食; 照规定饮食browse[braʊz]n.嫩叶, 嫩芽, 嫩枝; 浏览; 吃草v.吃叶; 浏览, 随便翻阅; 吃; 吃; 随便翻阅; 吃...上的草; 随意观看harsh[hɑrʃ/hɑːʃ]adj.粗糙的, 严厉的, 刺耳的decay[de·cay || dɪ'keɪ]n.腐朽, 腐烂; 衰败; 蛀牙; 衰退v.腐朽, 腐烂; 衰败; 蛀蚀; 衰退; 使腐朽, 使腐烂; 使蛀坏dormancy[dor·man·cy || 'dɔːmənsɪ]n.休眠状态compensation[com·pen·sa·tion || ‚kɒmpen'seɪʃn]n.补偿, 薪资, 赔偿金hibernate[hi·ber·nate || 'haɪbə(r)neɪt]v.过冬, 避寒, 冬眠elevation[el·e·va·tion || ‚elɪ'veɪʃn]n.海拔, 提高; 标高arboreal[ar·bo·re·al || ɑː'bɔːrɪəl]adj.树木的; 栖息在树上的fodder[fod·der || 'fɑdə(r) /'fɒd-]n.饲料, 弹药, 草料inhibit[in·hib·it || ɪn'hɪbɪt]= restrictv.禁止, 抑制meadow[mead·ow || 'medəʊ]n.草地; 牧场shrub[ʃrʌb]n.矮树; 灌木#甜酒fluctuate[fluc·tu·ate || 'flʌktʃʊeɪt]v.变动, 动摇, 上下; 使动摇; 使起伏; 使波动in the same breath=immediately同时immediately[im'me·di·ate·ly || ɪ'mɪːdːətlɪ]adv.立刻, 立即, 刚varied[var·ied || 'verɪd /'veər-]adj.不同的, 各式各样的overtimen.加班; 加班时间; 超过时间; 体育比赛中为打破平局的加时赛botanicaladj.植物学的; 来自植物的; 植物的n.植物性药材biographer[bi·og·ra·pher || baɪ'ɒgrəfə]n.传记作者picturesquely['pɪktʃə'resklɪ]adv.如画地, 别致地; 生动地dottedadj.有点子的; 星罗棋布的extermination[ex·ter·mi·na·tion || ɪk‚stɜːmɪ'neɪʃn] n.消灭; 根绝crop[krɒp]n.农作物; 平头; 产量v.收割; 种植; 修剪; 收获fate[feɪt]n.天数; 运气; 命运yield[jɪːld]n.生产量, 投资收益v.生产, 同意, 给予; 出产, 投降, 屈服indefinite period= Whose end has not been determinedindefinite[in·def·i·nite || ɪn'defɪnət]adj.模糊的, 无限的, 不确定的rebound[re·bound || rɪ'baʊnd]=recoveryn.弹回, 跳回; 弹回的球; 返回; 振作, 跃起v.弹回, 复兴, 复原; 使弹回, 使跳回; 使回响; 使返回recovery[re·cov·er·y || rɪ'kʌvərɪ]n.重获; 恢复, 复苏; 复得; 复元, 痊愈restoration[res·to·ra·tion || ‚restə'reɪʃn]n.恢复, 复位, 归还conservation[con·ser·va·tion || ‚kɒnsə'veɪʃn]n.保存; 守恒; 保持insured[in'sured || ɪn'ʃʊrd /-ʊəd]adj.已投保的vine[vaɪn]n.攀爬植物, 蔓, 藤substantially[sub'stan·tial·ly || səb'stænʃəlɪ]adv.本质上, 实质上; 相当多地, 大大地; 大体上nutritive[nu·tri·tive || 'nuːtrətɪv /'nju-]adj.有营养的, 与营养有关的, 有营养成份的protein[pro·te·in || 'prəʊtɪːn]n.蛋白质content[con·tent || 'kɒntent]n.内容, 要旨; 容纳的东西; 含量, 容量; 具体内容#满足v.使满足adj.满足的, 满意的; 甘愿的n.内容, 要旨; 容纳的东西; 含量, 容量; 具体内容#满足clearing[clear·ing || 'klɪərɪŋ]n.清除; 空地; 扫除; 票据交换approximately[ap'prox·i·mate·ly || -lɪ]adv.大概; 近乎wildlifen.野生动植物wilderness[wil·der·ness || 'wɪldə(r)nɪs]n.荒野, 大量, 荒地wolf[wʊlf]n.狼, 极度的穷困, 残忍贪婪之人v.狼吞虎咽, 大吃cougar[cou·gar || 'kuːgə]n.美洲豹lynx[lɪŋks]n.山猫, 猞猁狲; 天猫星座; 山猫毛皮vegetation[veg·e·ta·tion || ‚vedʒɪ'teɪʃn]n.植被, 呆板单调的生活, 植物, 草木In addition to finding an increase of suitable browse, like huckleberry and vine maple,Arthur Einarsen, longtime game biologist in the Pacific Northwest, found quality of browse in the open areas to be substantially more nutritive.Arthur Einsarsen found that deforested feeding grounds provided deer with more and better food.第二篇：Cave Art in Europe (TPO4)marked[mɑrkt /mɑːkt]adj.有记号的, 醒目的, 显著的trace[treɪs]n.痕迹; 丝毫, 微量; 遗迹; 图形, 记录#挽绳, 缰绳v.跟踪; 查出, 探出; 调查; 一个一个主题地跟踪一个程序过程(计算机用语)artistic[ar·tis·tic || ɑː'tɪstɪk(l)]adj.艺术的; 唯美的; 美术的; 艺术家的Australian[Aus·tral·ian || ɑ'streɪlɪən /ɒ's-]n.澳洲人, 澳大利亚人adj.澳洲人的, 澳洲的, 澳大利亚的cliff[klɪf]n.悬崖; 绝壁excavate[ex·ca·vate || 'ekskəveɪt]v.挖掘; 发掘; 开凿; 挖掘; 发掘naturalistic[nat·u·ral·is·tic || ‚nætʃrə'lɪstɪk]adj.博物学的; 自然论的; 自然主义的; 自然的African.非洲shelter[shel·ter || 'ʃeltə(r)]n.遮盖物; 避难所; 躲避处; 掩蔽, 遮蔽v.掩蔽, 遮蔽; 保护; 庇护; 躲避; 避难slab[slæb]n.平板, 厚的切片v.切成厚板, 以平板盖上paleolithic[pa·le·o·lith·ic || ‚peɪlɪəʊ'lɪθɪk /‚pæl-]adj.旧石器时代的principal[prin·ci·pal || 'prɪnsəpl]=majorn.校长, 本金, 首长adj.主要的, 首要的, 重要的major[ma·jor || 'meɪdʒə(r)]n.主修, 陆军少校, 成年人; 大调v.主修adj.主要的, 大部份的, 较多的; 主修的, 大调的, 成年的inhabitedadj.有人居住的gallery[gal·ler·y || 'gælərɪ]n.走廊, 画廊, 最高楼座inner[in·ner || 'ɪnə(r)]adj.内部的, 内心的access[ac·cess || 'ækses]n.接近; 使用; 进入的权利, 接近的机会; 门路, 通道, 入口; 病菌的侵入; 允许进入一个电脑系统和/或接受资料(计算机用语)v.取出; 接近; 使用interpret[in·ter·pret || ɪn'tɜrprɪt /-'tɜːp-]v.解释, 诠释, 说明; 口译, 翻译; 理解; 演奏, 演; 作解释; 作口译, 当翻译trappings[trap·pings || 'træpɪŋz]=decorationsn.马饰; 外部标志; 服饰, 礼服; 外表的装饰decoration[dec·o·ra·tion || ‚dekə'reɪʃn]n.装饰, 装潢; 勋章; 装饰物, 装饰品; 奖章contemporary[con·tem·po·rar·y || kən'tempərərɪ]n.同时代的人adj.同时代的, 属于同一时期的, 同时的seek[sɪːk]v.寻求, 探索, 寻找; 寻找; 搜索; 探索; 搜查过去时：soughtchip[tʃɪp]n.屑片, 碎片; 炸马铃薯条; 缺口, 瑕疵; 炸洋芋片#集成电路片v.削, 铲, 凿; 把...切成薄片; 在...上造成缺口; 凿去; 形成缺口; 剥落; 碎裂; 插嘴spear[spɪr /spɪə]n.矛; 持矛的人; 鱼叉; 持矛的士兵#叶片; 幼芽, 幼苗v.用矛刺; 刺, 戳; 发芽成茎game[geɪm]n.游戏; 游戏器具; 运动; 竞赛v.游戏; 游戏器具; 运动; 竞赛; 赌博adj.狩猎的; 猎物的cattle[cat·tle || 'kætl]n.牛; 牲口, 家畜portray[por·tray || pɔr'treɪ/pɔː-]v.画; 把...描绘成; 描写; 扮演meaty[meat·y || 'miːtɪ]adj.肉的, 多肉的, 像肉的tusk[tʌsk]n.长牙, 尖牙, 獠牙reindeer[rein·deer || 'reɪn‚dɪr /'reɪn‚dɪə]n.驯鹿consistent[con'sist·ent || -tənt]adj.一致的, 并立的, 调和的portrayal[por·tray·al || pɔr'treɪəl /pɔː-]n.描绘; 饰演; 描写; 肖像investigator[in'ves·ti·ga·tor || ɪn'vestɪgeɪtə(r)]n.调查者, 研究者; 私人侦探; 审查者phase[feɪz]n.时期, 阶段, 局面v.使调整相位, 实行, 逐步执行decorate[dec·o·rate || 'dekəreɪt]v.装饰, 修饰; 油漆; 粉刷; 授勋给engraving[en'grav·ing || -vɪŋ]n.雕刻, 雕版, 镌版术pipelinen.管道, 管子; 一系列连接的管; 资料在中央处理单位被传送的通道(计算机用语) collision[col·li·sion || kə'lɪʒn]n.碰撞, 抵触, 冲突Perhaps, like many contemporary peoples, Upper Paleolithic men and women believed that the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury, and if that were indeed their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely depicted in cave art.If Upper Paleolithic people, like many contemporary peoples, believed that the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury, this belief might explain why human figures are rarely depicted in cave art.第三篇：Petroleum Resources (TPO4)accumulate[ac·cu·mu·late || ə'kjuːmjʊleɪt]= build upv.积聚, 累积; 积攒; 积成堆; 累积, 聚积build up增进; 使增大build up增进; 使增大: 积累，收集。

托福TPO1-34重点词汇大全(听说读写)

智课网TOEFL备考资料托福TPO1-34重点词汇大全(听说读写)分享到：摘要：托福TPO1-34重点词汇大全(听说读写)!学好托福词汇是做好TPO词汇题的关键，所以大家在备考中一定要多积累，多准备。

托福TPO重点词汇大全中整理了TPO中各单项的重点词汇，希望能够帮助大家备考。

托福 TPO1-34重点词汇大全(听说读写)!学好托福词汇是做好TPO词汇题的关键，所以大家在备考中一定要多积累，多准备。

托福TPO重点词汇大全中整理了TPO中各单项的重点词汇，希望能够帮助大家备考。

TPO 1中的重点词汇vital生死攸关的essential必要的usual通常的context环境;上下文;来龙去脉environment环境connection连接influence影响,势力,感化requirement要求，必需品core核心center中心material物质的;重要的;肉体的; 材料layer层，阶层;地层frame框架depict描画;描述portray描绘;扮演imagine想象classifies分类elevate提升perplexed困惑的puzzled困惑的;茫然的defeated击败的occupied使用中的preposterous可笑的unbelievable不可信的inadequate不充分的limited有限的creative创造性的accumulating积累increasing增加convincing令人信服的; 有说服力的extensive广泛的impose on强加place on 加强于artificial人造的not real不真实的attractive吸引人的; 有魅力的;引人注目的 short-term短期的prediction预言expectation 期待surprise惊奇explanation说明;解释discovery发现pinpoint精确描述locate exactly精确定位observe 观察; 注意到recognize承认;认出，识别derive源于;得自gain增加require要求;需要use 使用produce生产;引起;创作相关推荐:托福听力TPO词汇论文对话场景整理托福词汇中介词用法大全托福短语关于in case的用法解读相关字搜索：托福TPO1-34重点词汇大全。

(完整word)TPO1-30综合词汇整理

TPO1—30综合写作精华词汇TPO 1 （推荐---独立写作工作类话题备选）1.Mandatory policy2.Workweek3.Benefit （Vt/N）4.Increase （V/N）---be on the rise； climb up; ascend5.Alert (adj。

)6.Accomplish=achieve=finish7.Result in +sth-——result from/ of(原因）8.Payroll9.Overworked10.Unemployment rate11.Full-time employee12.Workload13.Shift14.In exchange for sth15.Pursue private interests16.Leisure activities17.Force sb to do18.Cut into=decrease19.With respect to sth=as for20.Work overtime21.Raise expectation22.End up23.Job stability24.Advance one’s career25.Pass over26.SupervisionTPO 2 (推荐—-—独立写作团队合作类话题备选)1.Approach new project to do2.Assemble a group of people into a team3. A wide range of expertise4.Possess5.In response to sthe up with highly creative solutions to issues7.Undertake8.Spread responsibility--—shoulder/undertake one's duty/responsibility —--shirk/evade/ one’s responsibility———be responsible for9.Accountable=responsible10.Impose sth on sb11.Far-reaching impact12.Turn over tasks to sb13.Free ride14.Recognition （for) sth15.Insight16.Reach consensus17.Over-influential18.Blame failures/mistakes on sb TPO 31.Attribute to sth/sb2.Inconsistent （adj。

【乐闻携尔】新托福TPO阅读词汇题150题

新托福TPO阅读词汇题150题OG○exact ○scarce ○valuable ○initial○explained ○visible ○identified ○located○staying afloat ○changing direction○decreasing weight ○moving forward1. The word○restricted ○endangered ○prevented ○rejected○fragile ○predictable ○complex ○valuablepassage is closest in meaning to○openly ○impressively ○objectively ○increasingly○consisting of ○hidden by○except for ○lacking in○frequently ○easily ○intelligently ○obviously5. The word○criticism ○leadership ○help ○approvalis closest in meaning to○was enlarged ○was improved○was varied ○was rejectedin the passage is closest in meaning to○unavoidable ○regrettable ○controllable ○unsuitablein the passage is closest in meaning to○identify ○modify ○satisfy ○simplifyin the passage is closest in meaning to○mistrust ○misinterpret ○criticize ○resent3. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○prolonged ○established ○followed ○upset7. The word○led ○accepted ○changed ○resisted○use ○improve ○counteract ○balancein the passage is closest in meaning to○complex ○amazing ○creative ○practical8. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○reduce ○remove ○direct○provide1. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to ○frequently ○greatly ○rapidly ○reportedly6. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○argument ○tendency ○example ○warning8. The word○power ○reality ○difficulty ○idea1. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to ○curious ○unhappy ○thoughtful ○uncertain3. The word○estimate ○agree ○expect ○understand○judge ○reject ○draw ○want10. The word○contradictory ○confusing ○dependent ○applicable2. The word○ unusually ○ comparatively ○ occasionally ○ naturally4. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○resemblances ○regions ○remains ○restorations7. The word○dries gradually ○flows slowly○freezes quickly ○warms slightlyTPO-1○far away ○hidden ○partly visible ○discovered○ cover ○ change ○ separate ○ surround○washed ○dragged ○filled up ○soaked through○changed ○debated ○created ○supported2.○ascribes ○leaves ○limits ○contrasts○artistic ○important ○independent ○establishedpassage is closest in meaning to○gradual ○complex ○visible ○strikingin the passage is closest in meaning to○require ○resist ○achieve ○endurein the passage is closest in meaning to○adapted ○likely ○difficult ○resistantTPO-3○in existence ○without question○achievable ○most likely○protect ○improve ○organize ○match○combined ○created ○introduced ○suggested○essential ○variable ○practical ○independent○difficult ○necessary ○skilled ○shared○continuing ○surprising ○initial ○subsequent○difficult to control ○without any restriction○unlike anything in the past ○rapidly expanding○clearly ○perhaps ○frequently ○almost○unfortunate ○predictable ○unavoidable ○final○natural ○final ○specific ○complex○increase ○ensure ○favor ○complicate○increases proportionally ○differs○loses significance ○is common12．○foreign ○stable ○fluid ○neighboring Online Test○ extend ○transform ○ activate ○ waste○development ○growth ○distribution ○protection○ huge ○ ancient ○ common ○ successful2.○Ways ○Shades ○Stages ○Rules○represented ○developed into○were associated with ○came after2. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○use ○require ○release ○destroy○can identify ○change ○are reduced by ○total○estimate ○respond ○argue ○planTPO-4○ consists of ○ combines ○ restricts ○ establishes○ impatiently ○ humorously ○ continuously ○ immediately10．○decline ○ recovery ○ exchange ○ movement1．○considerable ○surprising ○limited ○adequate5．○conditions ○problems ○influences ○decorations1．○grow up ○build up ○spread out ○break apart5．○nearby ○existing ○special ○deep9．○shifting ○inclining ○forming ○rolling11．○reach ○flood ○pollute ○alterOfficial Model Exam○claim ○model ○assume ○present○ digging out ○ extending ○ destroying ○ covering uppassage is closest in the meaning to ○ changed ○ exposed ○ destroyed ○ covered○ identified after careful study ○ identified without certainty ○ occasionally identified ○ easily identified○ sense of values ○ point of view○ calculation ○ complicationTPO-5○ fight off ○ show ○ cause ○ spread○ slows down ○ affects ○ makes easier ○ focuses onpassage is closest in meaning to○ grown ○ protected ○ spread out ○ hung○ offer ○ prevent ○ increase ○ remove3.○ powerful ○ favorable ○ current ○ reasonable○ skills ○ tools ○ opportunities ○ practices○ mysterious ○ unexpected ○ acknowledged ○ significant○ numerous ○ important ○ unexplained ○ sudden○ surprisingly ○ collectively ○ comparatively ○ characteristically○ emergence of many varieties ○ steady decline in number○ gradual increase in body size ○ sudden disappearance○ complicate ○ prevent ○ encourage ○ affectTPO-6is closest in meaning to○utilized ○recognized ○examined ○fully understood○quickly ○ultimately ○greatly ○initiallythe passage is closest in meaning to○began to prefer ○wanted to have ○became used to ○insisted on○gained ○established ○profited from ○maintained○thorough ○strict ○basic ○occasional” in the passage is closest in meaning to○carefully ○quickly ○frequently ○obviouslythe passage is closest in meaning to○vanished ○developed ○varied ○survived○possibly ○absolutely ○surprisingly ○nearlyclosest in meaning to○flexible ○believable ○debatable ○predictable○exception ○ repetition ○occurrence ○idea○ fundamentally ○ partially ○ consistently ○ subsequently○ system ○ theory ○ source ○ viewpoint1．○achievement ○requirement ○purpose ○feature○members ○large numbers ○populations ○different type○Fresh ○Deep ○Violent ○Temperate○ thinking about ○ fixation on ○ interest in ○ attitude toward6. The○ accepted ○ combined ○ introduced ○ encouraged○ abilities ○ areas ○ combinations ○ models○ emerged ○ was understood ○ spread ○ developed○ fascinating ○ far-reaching ○ necessary ○ temporary8. The word○ military ○ physical ○ ceremonial ○ permanent○ afraid of ○ displaced by ○ running away from ○ responding to TPO-8○ ancient ○ carefully ○ very large ○ carefully protected○ most aggressive ○ most productive ○ principal ○ earliest○ adapt ○ move ○ continue ○ compete○ extremes ○ retreats ○ periods ○ variations○ approach ○ strike ○ pass ○ circle○ exhaustion ○ disturbance ○ modification ○ disappearance○ expand ○ separate ○ straighten out ○ combine○ remains ○ sites ○ requirements ○ sources○ temporary ○ small ○ multiple ○ familiar○ clues ○ features ○ arguments ○ effectsin the passage is closest in meaning to○aggressively ○inflexibly ○convincingly ○carefullyis closest in meaning to○ before ○ immediately after ○ during ○ in spite of8.○Frozen ○Various ○Isolated ○Huge” in the passage is closest in meaning to○ not familiar ○ not suitable ○ not dangerous ○ not reachable12. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ chance ○ protection ○ possibility ○ incentivein the passage is closest in meaning to○supported ○shaped ○stimulated ○suggested6. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ unbiased ○ positive ○ systematic ○ thoroughin the passage is closest in meaning to○ commonly held ○ persuasive ○ original ○ practical1. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○finally ○over a long period of time○successfully ○without a definite patternin the passage is closest in meaning to○ occasionally ○ plentifully ○ usefully ○ fortunatelyin the passage is closest in meaning to○ multiply ○ emerge ○ live ○ evolvein the passage is closest in meaning to○hidden ○inactive ○underground ○preservedOG Test 2○ definite ○ illuminating ○ misleading ○ exceptional○ widely ○ thinly ○ clearly ○ freshly○ obvious ○ significant ○ expected ○ connected○ as long as ○ unless ○ as if ○ even though○ rapid ○ determined ○ flexible ○ demandingin the passage is closest in meaning to○ highly regarded ○ financially rewarding ○ demanding ○ seriousin the passage is closest in meaning to○ noticed ○ praised ○ hired ○ attractedin the passage is closest in meaning to○ improve ○ define ○ simplify ○ integratein the passage is closest in meaning to○ emerged from beneath ○ created movement in○ arranged themselves in ○ pretended to bein the passage is closest in meaning to○ collect ○ pierce ○ melt ○ endurein the passage is closest in meaning to○collected ○frozen ○released ○ coveredin the passage is closest in meaning to○ kept out ○ compressed ○ damaged ○ gathered togetherin the passage is closest in meaning to○advance ○transfer ○flatten out ○come together TPO-101.The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ origin ○ importance ○ quality ○ design3. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ divided ○ extended ○ developed ○ vanished6. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ improved ○ investigated ○ narrowed ○ caused8. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ while ○ previously ○ surprisingly ○ becausein the passage is closest in meaning to○ noticeable ○ confusing ○ true ○ unlikely7. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ dramatic ○ important ○ unpredictable ○ common10. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ records ○ discussions ○ results ○ variations11. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ demonstrated ○ called upon ○ supported ○ expected2.○ historical ○ many ○ important ○ hidden6. The wor in the passage is closest in meaning to○ very necessary ○ very low ○ traditional ○ primaryTPO-111. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ attractive ○ essential ○ usual ○ practical5. The word○ connection ○ influence ○ environment ○ requirement9. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ material ○ layer ○ center ○ frame11.○ imagines ○ classifies ○ elevates ○ portrays○ defeated ○ interested ○ puzzled ○ occupied4. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ unbelievable ○ inadequate ○ limited ○ creative12. in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ new ○ increasing ○ convincing ○ extensive1. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ increase for ○ remove from ○ place on ○ distribute to3. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ attractive ○ not real ○ short-term ○ well designed6. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ surprise ○ discovery ○ explanation ○ expectation7. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ observe ○ locate exactly ○ copy accurately ○ recognize8. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ require ○ gain ○ use ○ produceTPO-121. The phrase in the passage is closest in meaning to○ initiated ○ dominated ○ helped with ○ setup3. The phrase in the passage is closest in meaning to○ identified ○ revealed ○ pictured ○ imagined10. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ standards ○ findings ○ ideas ○ techniques1. in the passage is closest in meaning to○analyzed ○considered ○altered ○criticized3. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○difficulties ○accomplishments ○parallels ○contradictions6. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to ○distracted from ○explained ○conducted ○coordinated with9. in the passage is closest in meaning to○failed○needed ○started ○expected2. in the passage is closest in meaning to○obviously ○unfortunately ○rapidly ○severely5. in the passage is closest in meaning to○settlements ○farmers ○tribes ○inhabitants7. in the passage is closest in meaning to○streams ○cracks ○storms ○earthquakes10. in the passage is closest in meaning to○enclosed ○permanent ○motionless ○intactTPO-131. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ delicate ○ elaborate ○ private ○ common○ leaving ○ exposing ○ providing ○ understanding7. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ enlarge ○ evaluate ○ impress ○ accept10. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ detract ○ advance ○ select ○ depart1. in the passage is closest in meaning to○Therefore ○Additionally ○Nevertheless ○Moreover4. the passage is closest in meaning to○adjusted ○strong ○enduring ○predicted9.○length ○feature ○process ○repetition12. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ intense ○ uninterrupted ○ natural ○ periodic2.○clearly ○quickly ○consistently5.○artificial ○powerful ○common ○similar8.○visual ○permanent ○meaningful ○measurable TPO-14○establish the truth of ○approve of ○understand ○criticize○responsible ○skillful ○patient ○curious○ evaluations ○ attitudes ○ actions ○ characteristics○ helpful ○ believable ○ valuable ○ familiar○usually ○surprisingly ○understandably ○predictably○unusual ○unexpected ○extended ○disastrous○used up ○reduced ○wasted ○relied upon○interest ○status ○demand ○profit○strange ○positive ○direct ○far-reaching○reliable ○noticeable ○convincing ○violentthe passage is closest in meaning to○use to advantage ○depart from ○pay attention to ○travel acrossTPO-151. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○natural to ○different from all other○quite common among ○familiar to3. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○remarkable achievement ○common transformation○daily activity ○complex solution5. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○strength ○effort ○activity ○mass10. The phrase in the passage is closest in meaning to○rises through ○heats up in ○runs through ○collects in○ specific ○ unlimited ○ reasonable ○ long○describe ○challenge ○explain ○test○ sudden ○ unusual ○ immediate ○ extreme○intermediate ○linked ○frozen ○fully developed○measure ○enlarge ○approximate ○equal○break ○push ○change ○extend○approximate ○exaggerated ○unusual ○misleading10.○unchanging ○usable ○thick ○harmlessTPO-16○respect ○reject ○review ○revise○authority ○responsibility ○custom ○agreement○set of moral principles ○division of labor ○economic system ○test of character○fundamentally ○surprisingly ○consequently ○particularly○sequence ○interpretation ○requirement ○interaction○weight ○requirement ○plenty ○sequence○predicted by ○expected of ○similar to ○superior to○hypothesized ○discovered ○reported ○generated○Essentially ○Typically ○Consistently ○noticeably○rich ○thin ○unique ○complex○over time ○long ago ○simply ○certainly○Return ○Opportunity ○Stimulus ○Obstacle○Artificially ○Greatly ○Immediately ○Regularly○Completed ○Improved ○Drawn ○Checked○purposes ○skills ○activities ○rules○Commom ○Noticeable ○Different ○Colorful○change ○imitate ○communicate ○hide○Coloring ○Enlarging ○Loosening ○Heating○obstruction ○effort ○delay ○resistance○repeats ○makes use of ○increases the intensity of ○recognizes○Digests ○Obtains ○Controls ○Discovers○ Influenced ○ Infected ○ strengthened ○ destroyed○Indefensibly ○Substantially ○Unintentionally ○Partially○Defines ○Emphasizes ○Reflects ○SuggestsTPO-18○ extraordinary ○ surprising ○ immediate ○ predictablein the passage is closest in meaning to○ ended ○ raised ○ returned ○ lowered○ rapid ○ partial ○ increasing ○ individual○ fault ○ aspect ○ confusion ○ mystery○ removed ○ followed ○ increased ○ caused○ continuously ○ quickly ○ regularly ○ carefully○ reliable ○ based on common sense○ relevant ○ based on observation○ distinct ○ growing ○ huge ○ immediate○ reject ○ obtain ○ need ○ produce○ opens ○ completes ○ lights ○ electrifies○ started ○ intensified ○ finished ○ expectedTPO-19○respond to ○warn against ○ avoid the impact of ○ stop by force○rebellion ○conflict ○neglect ○crime○given the right to ○able to afford to ○encouraged to ○required to○ experiences ○ communities ○ conditions ○ lawsO noticed defined publicizedO picture lawlike regularity tendencyO apparently consequentlyO broadly properly officiallyO started foreseenO types deposits2.TheO varied familiar layeredO resemble expect dominateO result from vary with show preserveTPO-20O types directionsO importance successO reformed equaled increasedO transported soldO regular very important very positiveO utilized inhabited improvedO secure extended confinedO changes exceptionsO briefly suddenly surprisinglyO problems forces changesO alternative similarO limit combine IncreaseO exact reliableO completion variety possibility speedTPO-21O economical familiarO familiar plentiful usefulO increasing making use of estimating the size ofO idea experienceO frequently as a resultO Complex creative immediate reliableO improvement debate interpretationO plentiful questionableO apparent deepO Development specialization use transformation TPO-22O dangerously surprisingly highlyO changes grows on breaks downO AttemptsO handledO practicality genuineness repetitionO unlikely unwillingO unquestionable beneficialO unintentional realistic unusualO success placeO resemblance referenceO mysterious interesting surprisingO pure solid ordinary trappedTPO-231.○ growing ○ frightening ○ very large ○ strictly controlled○ remain below ○ be higher than ○ add to ○ come close to○ location ○ history ○ temperature ○ shape○ changed ○ blocked ○ increased ○ weakened○ Besides ○ Despit ○ As a result of ○ Instead of○ sale ○ storage ○ exportation ○ utilization○ continuous ○ well documented ○ famous ○ expensive○ incredible ○ unfortunate ○ predicted ○ evident○ puzzling ○ uncommon ○ questionable ○ undocumented○ completely ○ comparatively ○ apparently ○ particularly○ indicate ○ apply ○ identify ○ repeat○ discussed ○ raised ○ challenged ○ changedTPO-24○results ○increases ○resources ○savings5.○on the other hand ○in the same way ○in other words ○on average”in the passage is closest in meaning to○expected ○additional ○serious ○unfortunate3.○consistent ○perfect ○partial ○sole9. ”meaning to○significant ○Steady ○Usual ○necessary”in the passage is closest in meaning to○reduce ○stop ○Readjust ○restart○Essential ○highly stressful ○highly unusual ○unwise○strong ○questionable ○obvious ○deliberate7.○change ○climate ○decline ○problemTPO-251.○ Important ○ Extremely large ○ Highly unusual ○ Active3.○ Deep ○ Complex ○ Characteristic ○ Ancient○ Typically ○ Frequently ○ Actually ○ Approximately○ Frequently ○ Significantly ○ Clearly ○ Surprisingly1.○ transformation ○ comeback ○ program ○ expansion○ for free ○ for a time ○ by requirement ○ by design5.○ strict ○ enforced ○ improved ○ old-fashioned9.○ informal ○ logical ○ correct ○ usual1. meaning to ○ originally ○ supposedly ○ obviously○ usually3.○ restricted by ○ distant from○ exposed to○ combined with5. The○ dusty ○ hardened ○ deserted ○ dried out8.○ shared ○ presented ○ strengthened ○ concealed。

托福TPO词汇精选(1—37)

托福TPO词汇精选（1—37）TPO 11.The word “dramatic” in the passage is closest in meaning toA GradualB ComplexC VisibleD Striking5.The word “attain” in the passage in closest in meaning toA requireB resist Cachieve D endure6.The word “they” in the passage refers toA valleysB treesC heightsD ridges7.The word “ prone” in the passage is closest in meaning toA adaptedB likelyC difficultD resistant11. The word “prevalent” in the passage is closest in meaning toA predictableB widespreadC successfulD developed15. The word “ championed” in the passage is closest in meaning toA changedB debatedC createdD Supported16. The word “ attributes” in the passage is closest in meaning toA AscribesB LeavesC LimitsD Contrasts20. The word “autonomous” in the passage is closest in meaning toA ArtisticB ImportantC IndependentD Established24. The word “penchant” in the passage is closest in meaning toA compromise BInclination CTradition D Respect30. The word “ incredible” in the passage is closest in meaning toA ConfusingB ComfortingC UnbelievableD Interesting31. The word “out of sight” in the passage is closest in meaning toA Far awayB HiddenC Partly visibleD Discovered33. The phrase “glacial outwash” in the passage refers toA Fast riversB GlaciersC The huge volumes of water created by glacial meltingD The particles carried in water from melting glaciers.35. The word “ overlie” in the passag e is closest in meaningA CoverB ChangeC SeparateD Surround36. The phrase “so much for” in the passage is closest in meaning toA That is enough aboutB now let us turn toC Of greater concern areD This is related to37. The word “ plugged” in the passage is closest in meaning toA WashedB DraggedC Filled upD Soaked throughTPO 21.The word “threatened” in the passage is closest in meaningA RestrictedB EndangeredC PreventedD Rejected3.The word “delicate” in the passage is closest in meaning toA FragileB PredictableC ComplexD Valuable5. The word “progressively” in the passage is closest in meaning toA OpenlyB ImpressivelyC ObjectivelyD Increasingly7.The ph rase “devoid of” in the passage is closest in meaning to(A) Consisting of (B) Hidden by (C) Except for (D) Lacking in16. The word “precious” in the passage is closest in meaning to(A)Exact (B) Scarce (C) Valuable (D) Initial19. The word “exposed” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Explained B) Visible C) Identified D) Located24. The word “propulsion” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Staying afloat B) Changing directionC) Decreasing weight D) Moving forward30. The word “reading” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) FrequentlyB) Easily C) Intelligently D) Obviously31. The word “assistance” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Criticism B) Leadership C) Help D) Approval37. The word “expanded” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Was enlarged B) Was improved C) Was varied D) Was rejected TPO 32.The word “feasible” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) In existence B) Without questionC) Achievable D) Most likely3. The word “enhance” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Project B) improve C) organize D) match5. The word “devised” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Combined B) Created C) Introduced D) Suggested6. The word “ integral” is closest in meaning toA) Essential B) Variable C) Practical D) Independent10. The word “arduous” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Difficult B) Necessary C) Skilled D) Shared18. The word “ ensuing” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Continuing B) Surprising C) Initial D) Subsequent20. The word “ unprecedented” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Difficult to control B) Without any restrictionC) Unlike anything in the past D) Rapidly expanding21. The word “virtually” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Clearly B) Perhaps C) Frequently D) Almost24. The word “inevitable” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Unfortunate B) Predictable C) Unavoidable D) Final29. The word “particular” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Natural B) Final C) Specific D) Complex36. The word “guarantee” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Increase B) Ensure C) Favor D) Complicate38. The word “pales” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Increases proportionally B) DiffersC) Loses significance D) Is common40. The word “adjacent” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Foreign B) Stable C) Fluid D) NeighboringTPO 43.The word “inhibits” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Consists of B) Combines C) Restricts D) Establishes4.The phrase “in the same breath” in the passage is closest in meaningtoA)Impatiently B) Humorously C) Continuously D) Immediately8.The phrase “ indefinite period” in the passage is closest in meaning toperiodA)Whose end has not been determinedB)That does not begin when expectedC)That lasts only brieflyD)Whose importance remains unknown10.T he word “rebound” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Decline B) Recovery C) Exchange D) Movement15. The word “ marked” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Considerable B) Surprising C) Limited D) Adequate17. The word “principal” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Major B) Likely C) Well protected D) Distinct19. The word “trappings” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Conditions B) Problems C) Influences D) Decorations20. The word “accumulate” in the passage is close st in meaning toA) Grow up B) Build up C) Spread out D) Break apart33. The word “adjacent” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Nearby B) Existing C) Special D) Deep37. The word “ sloping” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Shifting B) Inclining C) Forming D) Rolling39. The word “foul” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Reach B) Flood C) Pollute D) AlterTPO 52.The word “exhibit” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Fight off B) show C) cause D) spread5.The word “facilitates” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Slows down B) affects C) makes easier D) focuses on7The word “suspended” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Grown B) protected C) spread out D) hug9. The word “afford” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Offer B) prevent C) increase D) remove17. The word “overwhelming” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Powerful B) favorable C) current D) reasonable20. The word “implements” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Skills B) tools C) opportunities D) practices24. The word “ undisputed” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Mysterious B) unexpected C) acknowledged D) significant29. The word “significant” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Numerous B) important C) unexplained D) sudden30. The word “relatively” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Surprisingly B) collectively C) comparatively D) characteristically31. The word “ diversification” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Emergence of many varietiesB) Steady declined in numberC) Gradual increase in body sizeD) Sudden disappearance35. The word “promote” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Complicate B) prevent C) encourage D) affectTPO 63. The word “exploited” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Utilized B) recognized C) examined D) full understood4. The word “vastly” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Quickly B) ultimately C) greatly D) initially8. The phrase “grew accustomed to” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Began to prefer B) wanted to have C) became used to D) insisted on9. The word “retained” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) gained B) established C) profited from D) maintained14. The word “rudimentary” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Thorough B) strict C) basic D) occasional18. The word “meticulously” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) carefully B) quickly C) frequently D)obviously22. The word “endured” in the passag e is closest in meaning toA) Vanished B) developed C) varied D) survived23. The word” virtually” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Possibly B) absolutely C) surprisingly D) nearly29. The word “plausible” in the passage is closest in meani ng toA) Flexible B) believable C) debatable D) predictable30. The word “phenomenon” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Exception B) repetition C) occurrence D) idea34. The word “critically” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Fundamentally B) partially C) consistently D) subsequently35. The word “perspective” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) System B) theory C) source D) viewpointTPO 71.The word “objective” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)achievement B) requirement C) purpose D) feature9.The word “scores” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Members B) large numbers C) populations D) different types11.T he word “ Turbulent” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Fresh B) deep C) violent D) temperate16. T he phrase “obsession” with in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Thinking about B) fixation on C) interest in D) attitude toward19. The word “fostered” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Accepted B) combined C) introduced D) encouraged24. The word “spheres” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Abilities B) areas C) combinations D) models28. The word “diffused” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Emerged B) was understood C) spread D) developed34. The word “ profound” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Fascinating B) far-reaching C) necessary D) temporary35. The word” ritual” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Military B) physical C) ceremonial D) permanent38. The word “ fleeing” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Afraid of B) displaced by C) running away from D) responding toTPO 81.The word “ massive” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Ancient B) carefully C) very large D) carefully protected3. The word “pinpoint” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Identify precisely B) make an argument forC) Describe D) understand4. The word “ingenuity” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Ambition B) sincerity C) faith D) cleverness8. The word “predominant” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Most aggressive B) most productive C) principal D) earliest18. The word “cope” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Adept B) move C) continue D) compete20. The word “fluctuation” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Extremes B) retreats C) periods D) variations23. The word “bombard” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Approach B) strike C) pass D) circle25. The word “disruption” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Exhaustion B) disturbance C) modifications D) disappearance29. The word “ merge” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Expand B) separate C) straighten out D) combine31. The word “relics” in the passa ge is closest in meaning toA) Remains B) sites C) requirements D) sources33. The word “ miniature” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Temporary B) small C) multiple D) familiar39. The word “hints” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) clues B) features C) arguments D)effectsTPO 92.The word “persuasively” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Aggressively B) inflexibly C) convincingly D) carefully3.The phrase “prior” to is closest in meaning toA)Before B) immediately after C) during D) in spite of8.The word “Vast” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Frozen B)Various C) Isolated D)Huge10.T he word “inhospitable” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)not familiar B)not suitable C)not dangerous D)not reachable12.T he word “impetus” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)chance B)protection C) possibility D) incentive15. The word “justified” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) supported B) shaped C)stimulated D)suggested17. The word “flourish” in the passage is cl osest in meaning toA) Continue B) occur C) succeed D) apply20. The word “objective” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Unbiased B) positive C) systematic D)thorough23. The word “compelling” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Commonly held B) persuasive C) original D) practical28. The phrase “at random” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Finally B) over a long period of timeC) Successfully D) without a definite pattern31. The word “abundantly” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) occasionally B)plentifully C)usefully D)fortunately32. The word “propagate” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) multiply B)emerge C) live D) evolve37. The word “dormant” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) hidden B) inactive C)underground D)preservedTPO 101.The word “status” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)origin B)importance C)quality D)design3. The word “evolved” in the passage is clos est in meaning toA) divided B)extended C)developed D) vanished6. The word “instigated” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)improved B)investigated C) narrowed D)caused8. The word “whereas” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)while B)previously C)surprisingly D)because19. The word “striking” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)noticeable B)confusing C) true D)unlikely21. The word “erratic” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)dramatic B)important C)unpredictable D) common24. The word “del iberations” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)records B)discussions C)results D)variations25. The word “invoked” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)demonstrated B)called upon C)supported D)expected30. The word “key” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)historical B)many C) important D)hidden34. The word “meager” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)very necessary B)very low C) traditional D)primary39. The phrase “an English innovation” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) a new development introduced by the EnglishB) an arrangement found only in England.C) a type of agreement negotiated in EnglishD)a type of partnership based on English law.TPO 111.The word “vital” in the passage is closest inA)attractive B)essential C)usual D) practical5. The word “context” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)connection B)influence C)environment D)requirement9. The word “core” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)material B)layer C)center D)frame11. The word “depicts” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)imagined B)classifies C) elevates D)portrays16. The word “perplexed” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)defeated B)interested C)puzzled D)occupied18. The word “preposterous” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)unbelievable B)inadequate C)limited D)creative26. The word “accumulating” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)new B) increasing C)convincing D)extensive29. The phrase “impose on” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)increase for B)remove from C) place on D)distribute to31. The word “artificial” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)attractive B)not real C)short-term D)well-designed34. The word “predication” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)surprise B) discovery C)explanation D)expectation35. The word “pinpoint” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)observe B)locate exactly C)copy accurately D)recognize36. The word “derive” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)require B)gain C)use D)produceTPO 121.The phrase “assisted in” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Initiated B)dominated C)helped with D)set up3. The phrase “depicted” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) identified B)revealed C)pictured D)imagined10. The word “criteria” in the pass age is closest in meaning toA)standards B) findings C)ideas D) techniques15. The word “regarded” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)analyzed B)considered C)altered D)criticized17. The word “paradoxes” in the passage is cl osest in meaning toA)difficulties B)accomplishments C)parallels D)contradictions20. The word “overshadowed” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)distracted from B)explained C)conducted D)coordinated with23. The word “neglected” in the p assage is closest in meaning toA)failed B)needed C)started D)expected30. The word “drastically” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)obviously B)unfortunately C)rapidly D)severely33. The word “dwellers” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)settlements B)farmers C)tribes D)inhabitants35. The word “fractures” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)streams B)cracks C)storms D)earthquakes38. The word “immobile” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)enclosed B)permanent C)motionless D)intactTPO 13Q1. The word “complex” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) delicate B) elaborate C) private D)commonQ3. The word “endowing” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) leaving B) exposing C) providing D)understandingQ7. The word “size up” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) enlarge B)evaluate C) impress D) acceptQ10. The word “deviate” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) detract B) advance C) select D) departQ14. The word “Consequently” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Therefore B)Additionally C) Nevertheless D) MoreoverQ17. The word “persistent” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) adjusted B) strong C) enduring D) predictedQ22. The word “duration” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) length B)feature C) process D) repetitionQQ25. The word “sustained” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) intense B)uninterrupted C) natural D)periodicQQ28. The word “uniformly” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) clearly B) quickly C)consistently D)occasionallyQQ32. The word “potent” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) artificial B) powerful C)common D)similarQQ35. The word “quantifiable” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) visual B) permanent C)meaningful D)measurable TPO 14QQ2. The word “verify” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) establish the truth of B) approve ofC) understand D) criticizeQQ6. The word “ adept” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) responsible B) skillful C) patient D) curiousQQ9. The word “attributes” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Evaluations B) Attitudes C)Actions D)Characteristics QQ11. The word “credible” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)helpful B)believable C)valuable D)familiarQQ18. The word “paradoxically” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) usually B)surprisingly C)understandably D)predictably QQ24. The word “prolonged” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)unusual B)unexpected C) extended D) disastrousQQ25. The word “ exhausted” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) used up B) reduced C) wasted D) relied uponQQ28. The word “prestige” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) interest B)status C) demand D) profitQQ30. The word “profound” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) strange B) positive C) direct D) far-reachingQQ34. The word “striking” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) reliable B) noticeable C) convincing D) violentQQ35. The word “exploit” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)use to advantage B) depart from C) pay attention to D) travel across TPO 15Q1. The word “interlocked” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)intermediate B) linked C) frozen D) fully developedQ3. The word “ match” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) measure B) enlarge C) approximate D) equalQ4. The word “transform” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)break B)push C)change D) extendQ7. The word “deceiving” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) approximate B) exaggerated C) unusual D) misleadingQ10. The word “static” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) unchanging B) usable C) thick D) harmlessQ15. The phrase “unique among” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) natural to B) different from all otherC) quite common among D) familiar toQ17. The word “feat” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) remarkable achievement B) common transformationC)daily activity D) complex solutionQ19. The word “bulk” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)strength B) effort C) activity D) massQ24. The phrase “course through” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) rises through B) heats up in C) runs through D) collects in Q30. The word “extended” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) specific B) unlimited C) reasonable D)longQ35. The phrase “account for” in the passage is closest in meaning to A) describe B) challenge C) explain D) testQ38. The word “intense” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) sudden B) unusual C) immediate D) extremeTPO 16Q2. The word “repudiate” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) respect B) reject C) review D) reviseQ6. The word “consensus” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Authority B) Responsibility C) Custom D) AgreementQ9. The word “ ethic” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) set of moral principles B) division of laborsC) economic system D) test of characterQ11. The word “intrinsically” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)fundamentally B) Surprisingly C) Consequently D) Particularly Q12. The phrase “interplay” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Sequence B) Interpretation C) requirement D) interactionQ21. The phrase “abundance” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) weight B) requirement C) plenty D) sequenceQ22. The phrase “analogous to “ in the passage is closest in meaning toA)predicated by B) expected of C) similar to D) superior toQ26. The word “ postulated” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)hypothesized B) discovered C) reported D) generatedQ30. The word “markedly” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) essentially B)typically C) consistently D) noticeablyQ33. The word “meager” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) rich B) thin C) unique D) complexQ38. The word “eventually” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) over time B) long ago C) simply D) certainlyTPO 17Q1. The word “impetus” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) return B) opportunity C) stimulus D) obstacleQ5. The word “ dramatically” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) artificially B) greatly C) immediately D) regularlyQ10. The word “ refined” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) completed B) improved C) drawn D) checkedQ 11. The word “norms” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) purposes B) skills C) activities D) rulesQ15. Th e phrase “conspicuous” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)common B) noticeable C) different D) colorfulQ17. The word “ signal” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) change B) imitate C) communicate D) hideQ 22. The word “ inflating” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) coloring B) enlarging C) loosening D) heatingQ25. The word “ impediment” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)obstruction B) effort C) delay D) resistanceQ 26. The word “exploits” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) repeats B) makes use of C) increases the intensity ofD) recognizesQ30. The word “ derives” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) digests B) obtains C) controls D) discoversQ32 The word “ devastated” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)influenced B) infected C) strengthened D) destroyedQ 35. The word “ inadvertently” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) indefensibly B) substantially C) unintentionally D) partially Q39. The word “highlights” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) defines B) emphasizes C) reflects D) suggestsTPO 18Q5. The word “ exceptional” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)extraordinary B) surprising C) immediate D) predictable Q6. The word “ abolished” in the passage is the closest in meaning toA) ended B) raised C) returned D) loweredQ8 The word “progressive” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)rapid B) partial C) increasing D) individualQ17. The word “flaw” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) fault B) aspect C) confusion D) mysteryQ19. The word “ triggered” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)removed B) followed C) increased D) causedQ20. The word “periodically” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)continuously B) quickly C) regularly D) carefullyQ24. The word “empirical” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) reliable B) based on common senseC) relevant D) based on observationQ30. The word “ tremendous” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)distinct B) growing C) huge D) immediateQ32. The word “ acquire” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) reject B)obtain C) need D) produceQ36. The word “illuminates” in the passage is clos est in meaning toA) opens B) completes C) lights D) electrifiesQ40. The word “ initiated” is closest in meaning toA) started B) intensified C) finished D) expectedTPO 19Q4. The word “ suppress” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)respond to B) warn against C) avoid the impact of D) stop byforceQ5. The word “friction” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) rebellion B) conflict C) neglect D) crimeQ7. The phrase “entitled to” in the passage is closest in meaning to A)given the right to B) able to afford to C)encouraged to D)requiredtoQ12. The word “circumstances” in the passage is closest in meaning to A)experiences B) communities C) conditions D) lawsQ16. The word “substantiated” in the passage is closest in mean ing to A) confirmed B) noticed C)defined D) publicizedQ17. The word “trend” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Probability B)picture C)law-like regularity D)tendencyQ18. The word “likewise” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) sometime B)similarly C) apparently D) consequentlyQ19. The word “legitimately” in the passage is closest in meaning to A) commonly B) broadly C) properly D) officiallyQ23. The word “ initiated” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Approved B)identified C) started D) foreseenQ29. The word “accumulations” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Signs B) Pieces C) Types D) DepositsQ30. The word “ heterogeneous” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Remaining B) Varied C) Familiar D) LayeredQ32. The word “enjoy” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) experience B) resemble C) expect D) dominateQ36. The word “ reveal” in th e passage is closest in meaning toA) result from B) vary with C) show D) preserveTPO 20Q3. The word “fringes” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Borders B) Groups C) Types D) DirectionsQ7. The word “proliferation” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Growth B) Cooperation C) Importance D) SuccessQ9 The word “superseded” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Replaced B) Reformed C) Equaled D) IncreasedQ10. The word “diverted” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Collected B) Shifted C) Transported D) SoldQ15. The word “momentous” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Numerous B) Regular C) Very important D0 Very positive Q17. The ph rase “this remarkable change” in the passage refers toA)warming at the end of the Ice AgeB)shifts in mountain snow linesC)the movement of people from farms to villagesD) a dramatic increase in the populationQ18. The word “exploited” in the passage is clos est in meaning toA)explored B) utilized C) inhabited D) improvedQ20. The word “ cramped” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)primitive B) secure C) extended D) confinedQ 22. The word “ shifts” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Effects B) Similarities C) Changes D) ExceptionsQ 25. The word “abruptly” in the passage is closest in meaning toA) Informally B) Briefly C) Suddenly D) SurprisinglyQ29. The word “agencies” in the passage is closest in meaning toA)Combinations B) Problems C) Forces D) Changes。

托福词汇精选400题

TOEFL词汇题精选001.Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers,activists working for women's right to vote,or authors,and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary women.The word"representative"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)typical(B)satisfied(C)supportive(D)distinctive002.In the United States,Louis Comfort Tiffany(1843-1933)was the most noted exponent of this style,producing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces,which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today.The word"prized"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)valued(B)universal(C)uncommon(D)preserved003.The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from1895until1915, although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920's.It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century.The word"overtaken"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)surpassed(B)inclined(C)expressed(D)applied004.During most of their lives,surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers,traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day.However,at intervals of10to100years,these glaciers move forward up to100times faster than usual. The word"intervals"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)records(B)speeds(C)distances(D)periods005.The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed,overcoming the friction between ice and rock,thus freeing the glacier,which rapidly sliders downhill.Surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat,or earthquakes.The word"freeing"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)pushing(B)releasing(C)strengthening(D)draining006.A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea.With the continued rise in sea level,more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher,which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle.The word"plunge"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)drop(B)extend(C)melt(D)drift007.Group members look to instrumental leaders to"get things done."Expressive leadership,on the other hand,is leadershipthat emphasizes the collective well-being of aTPO小站专业托福一对一保分指导social group's members.The word"collective"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)necessary(B)typical(C)group(D)particular008.They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline,are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor,and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group.The word"resolve"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)avoid repeating(B)talk about(C)avoid thinking about(D)find a solution for009.Thousands of tons were extracted before 1875,when it was first noticed that the tar contained fossil remains.Major excavations were undertaken that established the significance of this remarkable site.The word"noticed"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)predicted(B)announced(C)corrected(D)observed010.Since then,over100tons of fossils,1.5 million from vertebrates,2.5million from invertebrates,have been recovered,often in densely concentrated tangled masses.The word"tangled"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)buried beneath(B)twisted together(C)quickly formed(D)easily dated011.The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface, especially in the summer,and forms shallow puddles that would often have been concealed by leaves and dust.The word"concealed"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)highlighted(B)covered(C)transformed(D)contaminated012.The ocean bottom---a region nearly2.5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth---is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted,until about a century ago,the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible,hidden beneath waters averaging over3,600meters deep.The word"inaccessible"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)unrecognizable(B)unreachable(C)unusable(D)unsafe013.The DSDP's drill ship,the Glomar Challenger,was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean's surface and drill in very deep waters,extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.The word"extracting"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)breaking(B)locating(C)removing(D)analyzing014.Today,largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger's voyages,nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth.The word"strength"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)basis(B)purposeTPO小站专业托福一对一保分指导(C)discovery(D)endurance015.For every three Canadians in1945,there were over five in1966.In September1966 Canada's population passed the20million mark.Most of this surging growth came from natural increase.The word"surging"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)new(B)extra(C)accelerating(D)surprising016.When the prairies were being settled, undoubtedly,the good economic conditions of the1950's supported a growth in the population,but the expansion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an increase in the average size of families.The word"trend"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)tendency(B)aim(C)growth(D)directive017.After the peak year of1957,the birth rate in Canada began to decline.It continued falling until in1966,it stood at the lowest level in25 years.The word"peak"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)pointed(B)dismal(C)mountain(D)maximum018.Although the growth in Canada's population had slowed down by1966(the increase the first half of the1960's was only nine percent),another large population wave was coming over the horizon.It would be composed of the children who were born during the period of the high birth rate prior to1957.The phrase"prior to"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)behind(B)since(C)during(D)preceding019.Advocates of organic foods---a term whose meaning varies greatly---frequently proclaim that such products are safer and more nutritious than others.The word"Advocates"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)Proponents(B)Merchants(C)Inspectors(D)Consumers020.There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones,that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs,that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains,and the like.The word"unsubstantiated"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)unbelievable(B)uncontested(C)unpopular(D)unverified021.But in many cases consumers are misled if they believe organic foods can maintain health and provide better nutritional quality than conventionally grown foods.So there is real cause for concern if consumers, particularly those with limited incomes, distrust the regular food supply and buy only expensive organic foods instead.The word"maintain"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)improve(B)monitorTPO小站专业托福一对一保分指导(C)preserve(D)restore022.In addition,there were performers and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. The word"considerable"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)thoughtful(B)substantial(C)relational(D)ceremonial023.In addition,there were performers and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. The word"enactment"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)establishment(B)performance(C)authorization(D)season024.Staggering tasks confronted the people of the United States,North and South,when the Civil War ended.About a million and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilian life,and reabsorbed by the devastated economy.The word"Staggering"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)specialized(B)confusing(C)various(D)overwhelming025.About a million and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized,readjusted to civilian life,and reabsorbed by the devastated economy.The word"devastated"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)developing (B)ruined(C)complicated(D)fragile026.Some botanists hypothesized that the living cells of plants acted as pumps.But many experiments demonstrated that the stems of plants in which all the cells are killed can still move water to appreciable heights.The word"demonstrated"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)ignored(B)showed(C)disguised(D)distinguished027.As water is lost from the surface of the leaves,a negative pressure,or tension,is created.The evaporated water is replaced by water moving from inside the plant in unbroken columns that extend from the top of a plant to its roots.The same forces that create surface tension in any sample of water are responsible for the maintenance of these unbroken columns of water.The word"extend"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)stretch(B)branch(C)increase(D)rotate028.By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion,the omnibuses,horse railways,commuter trains,and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the premodern era.The word"vast"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)large(B)basic(C)new(D)urbanTPO小站专业托福一对一保分指导029.The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between1890and1920,for example,some 250,000new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago,most of them located in outlying areas.The word"sparked"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)brought about(B)surrounded(C)sent out(D)followed030.Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting,real estate developers added800,000potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years-lots that could have housed five to six million people.The word"potential"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)certain(B)popular(C)improved(D)possible031.The quality of preservation is outstanding,but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.The word"outstanding"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)extensive(B)surprising(C)vertical(D)excellent032.Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from6different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzamden,suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time.The word"site"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)example(B)location(C)development(D)characteristic033.The quality of preservation is almost unmatched,and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils.But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.The phrase"account for"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)record(B)describe(C)equal(D)explain034.In the seventeenth century the organ,the clavichord,and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboard group,a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century.The words"a supremacy"in line9are closestin meaning to(A)a suggestion(B)an improvement(C)a dominance(D)a development035.A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it,the perfection of a metal frame,and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound,from a liquid,singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance.The word"myriad"is closest in meaning toTPO小站专业托福一对一保分指导which of following?(A)noticeable(B)many(C)loud(D)unusual036.Each one was virtually a stone town, which is why the Spanish would later call them pueblos,the Spanish word for towns.These pueblos represent one of the Anasazis' supreme achievements.At least a dozen large stone houses took shape below the bluffs of Chiaco Canyon in northwest New Mexico.The word"supreme"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)most common(B)most outstanding(C)most expensive(D)most convenient037.They functioned as sanctuaries where the elders met to plan festivals,perform ritual dances,settle pueblo affairs,and impart tribal lore to the younger generation.The word"settle"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)sink(B)decide(C)clarify(D)locate038.Then,to connect the pueblos and to give access to the surrounding tableland,the architects laid out a system of public roads with stone staircases for ascending cliff faces.The word"ascending"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)arriving at(B)carving(C)connecting(D)climbing039.Within a very short time,however,the incongruity of playing lively music to a solemn film became apparent,and film pianists began to take some care in matching their pieces to the mood of the film.The word"solemn"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)simple(B)serious(C)short(D)silent040.Certain films had music especially composed for them.The most famous of these early special scores was that composed and arranged for D.W.Griffith's film Birth of a Nation,which was released in1915.The word"composed"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)selected(B)combined(C)played(D)createdThe word"scores"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)totals(B)successes(C)musical compositions(D)groups of musicians041.The Earth comprises three principal layers:the dense,iron-rich core,the mantle made of silicate rocks that are semimolten at depth,and the thin,solid-surface crust.The word"comprises"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)adapts to(B)benefits from(C)consists of(D)focuses on042.These plates move over the semimolten lower mantle to produce all of the major topographical features of the Earth.Active zones where intense deformation occurs are confined to the narrow,interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.The word"intense"is closest in meaning toTPO小站专业托福一对一保分指导which of following?(A)surface(B)sudden(C)rare(D)extreme043.New oceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth's crust, for example,by volcanic eruptions of lava at midocean ridges.The word"margins"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)edges(B)peaks(C)interiors(D)distances044.If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents,a rift is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the sea.The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates move in opposite directions.The word"support"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)separate(B)create(C)reduce(D)hold045.Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity,the number of species in a particular ecosystem,to the health of the Earth and human well-being.The word"appreciation"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)ignorance(B)recognition(C)tolerance(D)forgiveness046.An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the planet's dominant,most-distinctive feature-the ocean.Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues.The word"bias"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)concern(B)disadvantage(C)attitude(D)prejudice047.The prevailing winds in the Great Basin are from the west.Warm,moist air from the Pacific Ocean is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra Nevada.The word"prevailing"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)most frequent(B)occasional(C)gentle(D)most dangerous048.There seem to have been several periods within the last tens of thousands of years when water accumulated in these basins.The rise and fall of the lakes were undoubtedly linked to the advances and retreats of the great ice sheets that covered much of the northern part of the North American continent during those times. The word"accumulated"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)dried(B)flooded(C)collected(D)evaporated049.All living creature,especially human beings,have their peculiarities,but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that,among other eccentricities,eats mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods,and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?TPO小站专业托福一对一保分指导The phrase"bizarre"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)odd(B)marine(C)simple(D)rare050.Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked,it squirts all its internal organs into the water.It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles.The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched;it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted.The phrase"casts off"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)grows again(B)grabs(C)gets rid of(D)uses as a weapon051.A folk culture is small,isolated,cohesive, conservative,nearly self-sufficient group that is homogeneous in custom and race,with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals.The word"homogeneous"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)uniform(B)general(C)primitive(D)traditional052.Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada.Perhaps the nearest modern equivalent in Anglo-America is the Amish,a German American farming sect that largely renounces the products and labor saving devices of the industrial age.The phrase"largely renounces"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)generally rejects(B)greatly modifies (C)loudly declares(D)often criticizes053.Secular institutions,of control such as the police and army take the place of religion and family in maintaining order,and a money-based economy prevails.Because of these contrasts,"popular"may be viewed as clearly different from"folk".The word"prevails"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)dominates(B)provides(C)develops(D)invests054.Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado,because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms.The word"subtle"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)complex(B)regular(C)imagined(D)slightmunications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously,and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information.The word"compile"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)put together(B)look up(C)pile high(D)work over056.Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable ofTPO小站专业托福一对一保分指导transforming raw weather data into words, symbols,and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. The word"raw"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)stormy(B)inaccurate(C)uncooked(D)unprocessed057.People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos. The word"Prospect"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)regret(B)possibility(C)theory(D)circumstance058.Although the birth rate continued to decline from its high level of the eighteenth and early nineteenth century,the population roughly doubled every generation during the rest of the nineteenth centuries.As the population grew,its makeup also changed. The word"roughly"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)harshly(B)surprisingly(C)slowly(D)approximately059.Rapid industrialization and increased geographic mobility in the nineteenth century had special implications for women because these changes tended to magnify social distinctions.As the roles men and women played in society became more rigidly defined, so did the roles they played in the home.The word"magnify"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)solve(B)explain (C)analyze(D)increaseThe word"distinctions"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)differences(B)classes(C)accomplishments(D)characteristics060.In science,a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related.A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced.The word"related"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)connected(B)described(C)completed(D)identified061.If observations confirm the scientists' predictions,the theory is supported.The word"supported"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)finished(B)adjusted(C)investigated(D)upheld062.The ice trade grew with the growth of cities.Ice was used in hotels,taverns,and hospitals,and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat,fresh fish,and butter. The phrase"forward-looking"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)progressive(B)popular(C)thrifty(D)well-established063.Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose.In the early nineteenth century,the knowledge of theTPO小站专业托福一对一保分指导physics of heat,which was essential to a science of refrigeration,was rudimentary.The word"rudimentary"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)growing(B)undeveloped(C)necessary(D)uninteresting064.Aside from perpetuating itself,the sole purpose of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters is to"foster,assist and sustain an interest"in literature,music, and art.The word"sole"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)only(B)honorable(C)common(D)official065.One award subsidizes a promising American writer's visit to Rome.There is even an award for a very good work of fiction that failed commercially-once won by the young John Updike for The Poorhouse Fair and,more recently,by Alice Walker for In Love and Trouble.The word"subsidizes"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)assures(B)finances(C)schedules(D)publishesmittee membership rotates every year,so that new voices and opinions are constantly heard.The word"rotates"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)alternates(B)participates(C)decides(D)meets 067.One important line of evidence comes from flaking patterns of stone cores used in tool making:implements flaked with a clockwise motion(indicating a right-handed toolmaker)can be distinguished from hose flaked with a counter-clockwise rotation (indicating a left-handed toolmaker).The word"implements"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)tools(B)designs(C)examples(D)pieces068.Even scratches found on fossil human teeth offer clues.Ancient humans are thought to have cut meat into strips by holding it between their teeth and slicing it with stone knives,as do the present-day Inuit.The word"clues"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)solutions(B)details(C)damage(D)information069.The variation between the hemispheres corresponds to which side of the body is used to perform specific activities.Such studies,as well as studies of tool use,indicate that right-or left-sided dominance is not exclusive to modern Homo sapiens.The word"hemispheres"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)differences(B)sides(C)activities(D)studies070.Plants are subject to attack and infection by a remarkable variety of symbiotic species and have evolved a diverse array of mechanisms designed to frustrate the potential colonists.The phrase"subject to"is closest in meaning toTPO小站专业托福一对一保分指导which of following?(A)susceptible to(B)classified by(C)attractive to(D)strengthened by071.The external surfaces of plants,in addition to being covered by an epidermis and a waxy cuticle,often carry spiky hairs known as trichomes,which either prevent feeding by insects or may even puncture and kill insect larvae.The word"puncture"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)pierce(B)pinch(C)surround(D)cover072.Orchids are unique in having the most highly developed of all blossoms,in which the usual male and female reproductive organs are fused in a single structure called the column. The word"fused"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)combined(B)hidden(C)fertilized(D)produced073.To lure their pollinators from afar, orchids use appropriately intriguing shapes, colors,and scents.At least50different aromatic compounds have been analyzed in the orchid family,each blended to attract one,or at most a few,species of insects or birds.The word"lure"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)attract(B)recognize(C)follow(D)help074.Once the right insect has been attracted, some orchids present all sorts of one-way obstacle courses to make sure it does not leave until pollen has been accurately placed or removed.The word"placed"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)estimated(B)measured(C)deposited(D)identified075.By such ingenious adaptations to specific pollinators,orchids have avoided the hazards of rampant crossbreeding in the wild,assuring the survival of species as discrete identities. At the same time they have made themselves irresistible to collectors.The word"discrete"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)complicated(B)separate(C)inoffensive(D)functional076.The public school system suddenly found itself overtaxed.While the number of schoolchildren rose because of wartime and postwar conditions,these same conditions made the schools even less prepared to cope with the flood.The word"overtaxed"is closest in meaning to which of following?(A)well prepared(B)plentifully supplied(C)heavily burdened(D)charged too much077.Therefore,in the1950's and1960's,the baby boom hit an antiquated and inadequate school system.Consequently,the"custodial rhetoric"of the1930's and early1940's no longer made sense;that is,keeping youths aged sixteen and older out of the labor market by keeping them in school could no longer be a high priority for an institution unable to find space and staff to teach younger children agedTPO小站专业托福一对一保分指导。

托福TPO1-50词汇题合集

目录TPO1 (3)TPO2 (4)TPO3 (6)TPO4 (7)TPO5 (9)TPO6 (10)TPO7 (12)TPO8 (14)TPO9 (15)TPO10 (17)TPO11 (19)TPO12 (20)TPO13 (22)TPO14 (23)TPO15 (25)TPO16 (27)TPO17 (28)TPO18 (30)TPO19 (31)TPO20 (33)TPO21 (35)TPO22 (36)TPO23 (38)TPO24 (40)TPO25-30 (41)TPO31 (50)TPO32 (52)TPO33 (54)TPO34 (55)TPO35 (57)TPO36 (59)TPO37 (61)TPO38 (63)TPO39 (65)TPO40 (66)TPO41 (68)TPO42 (69)TPO43 (70)TPO44 (72)TPO45 (74)TPO46 (75)TPO47 (77)TPO48 (78)TPO49 (80)TPO50 (81)TPO51-53 (83)TPO11.The word“incredible”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○confusing○comforting○unbelievable○interesting2.The phrase“out of sight”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○far away○hidden○partly visible○discovered3.The word“overlie”in the passage is closest in meaning to○cover○change○separate○surround4.The phrase“so much for”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○that is enough about○now let us turn to○of greater concern are○this is related to5.The word“plugged”in the passage is closet in meaning to○washed○dragged○filled up○soaked through6.The word“championed”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○changed○debated○created○supported7.The word“attributes”in the passage is closest in meaning to○ascribes○leaves○limits○contrasts8.The word“autonomous”in the passage is closest in meaning to○artistic○important○independent○established9.The word“penchant”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○compromise○inclination○tradition○respect10.The word“dramatic”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○gradual○complex○visible○striking11.The word“attain”in the passage is closest in meaning to○require○resist○achieve○endure12.The word“prone”in the passage is closest in meaning to○adapted○likely○difficult○resistantTPO213.The word“precious”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○exact○scarce○valuable○initial14.The word“exposed”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○explained○visible○identified○located15.The word“propulsion”in the passage is closest in meaning to○staying afloat○changing direction○decreasing weight○moving forward16.The word“threatened”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○restricted○endangered○prevented○rejected17.The word“delicate”in the passage is closest in meaning to○fragile○predictable○complex○valuable18.The word“progressively”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○openly○impressively○objectively○increasingly19.The phrase“devoid”of in the passage is closest in meaning to ○consisting of○hidden by○except for○lacking in20.The word“readily”in the passage is closest in meaning to○frequently○easily○intelligently○obviously21.The word“assistance”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○criticism○leadership○help○approval22.The word“expanded”in the passage is closest in meaning to○was enlarged○was improved○was varied○was rejectedTPO323.The word“feasible”in the passage is closet in meaning to○in existence○without question○achievable○most likely24.The word“devised”in the passage is closest in meaning to○combined○created○introduced○suggested25.The word“integral”is closet in meaning to○essential○variable○practical○independent26.The word“arduous”in the passage is closest in meaning to○difficult○necessary○skilled○shared27.The word“ensuing”in the passage is closest in meaning to○continuing○surprising○initial○subsequent28.The word“unprecedented”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○difficult to control○without any restriction○unlike anything in the past○rapidly expanding29.The word“virtually”in the passage is closest in meaning to○clearly○perhaps○frequently○almost30.The word“inevitable”in the passage is closest in meaning to○unfortunate○predictable○unavoidable○final31.The word“particular”in the passage is closest in meaning to○natural○final○specific○complex32.The word“guarantee”in the passage is closest in meaning to○increase○ensure○favor○complicate33.The word“pales”in the passage is closest in meaning to○increases proportionally○differs○loses significance○is common34.The word“adjacent”in the passage is closest in meaning to○foreign○stable○fluid○neighboringTPO435.The word"inhibits"in the passage is closest in meaning to○consists of○combines○restricts○establishes36.The phrase"in the same breath"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○impatiently○humorously○continuously○immediately37.The phrase“indefinite period”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○whose end has not been determined○that does not begin when expected○that lasts only briefly○whose importance remains unknown38.The word“rebound”in the passage is closest in meaning to○decline○recovery○exchange○movement39.The word“marked”in the passage is closest in meaning to○considerable○surprising○limited○adequate40.The word“principal”in the passage is closest in meaning to○major○likely○well protected○distinct41.The word“trappings”in the passage is closest in meaning to○conditions○problems○influences○decorations42.The word“accumulate”in the passage is closest in meaning to○grow up○build up○spread out○break apart43.The word“adjacent”in the passage is closest in meaning to○nearby○existing○special○deep44.The word“sloping”in the passage is closest in meaning to○shifting○inclining○forming○rolling45.The word“foul”in the passage is closest in meaning to○reach○flood○pollute○alterTPO546.The word“exhibit”in the passage is closest in meaning to○fight off○show○cause○spread47.The word“facilitates”in the passage is closest in meaning to○slows down○affects○makes easier○focuses on48.The word“suspended”in the passage is closest in meaning to○grown○protected○spread out○hung49.The word“afford”in the passage is closest in meaning to○offer○prevent○increase○remove50.The word“overwhelming”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○powerful○favorable○current○reasonable51.The word“implements”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○skills○tools○opportunities○practices52.The word“undisputed”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○mysterious○unexpected○acknowledged○significant53.The word“significant”in the passage is closest in meaning to○numerous○important○unexplained○sudden54.The word“relatively”in the passage is closest in meaning to○surprisingly○collectively○comparatively○characteristically55.The word“diversification”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○emergence of many varieties○steady decline in number○gradual increase in body size○sudden disappearance56.The word“promote”in the passage is closest in meaning to○complicate○prevent○encourage○affectTPO657.The word“exploited”in the passage is closest in meaning to○utilized○recognized○examined○fully understood58.The word“vastly”in the passage is closet in meaning to○greatly○initially59.The phrase“grew accustomed to”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○began to prefer○wanted to have○became used to○insisted on60.The word“retained”in the passage is closest in meaning to○gained○established○profited from○maintained61.The word“rudimentary”in the passage is closest in meaning to○thorough○strict○basic○occasional62.The word“meticulously”in the passage is closest in meaning to○carefully○quickly○frequently○obviously63.The word“endured”in the passage is closest in meaning to○vanished○developed○varied○survived64.The word“virtually”in the passage is closest in meaning to○possibly○absolutely○surprisingly○nearly65.The word“plausible”in the passage is closest in meaning to○flexible○believable66.The word“phenomenon”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○exception○repetition○occurrence○idea67.The word“critically”in the passage is closest in meaning to○fundamentally○partially○consistently○subsequently68.The word“perspective”in the passage is closest in meaning to○system○theory○source○viewpointTPO769.The word“objective”in the passage is closest in meaning to○achievement○requirement○purpose○feature70.The word“scores”in the passage is closest in meaning to○members○large numbers○populations○different types71.The word“turbulent”in the passage is closest in meaning to○fresh○deep○violent○temperate72.The phrase“obsession with”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○thinking about○fixation on○interest in○attitude toward73.The word“fostered”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○accepted○combined○introduced○encouraged74.The word“spheres”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○abilities○areas○combinations○models75.The word“diffused”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○emerged○was understood○spread○developed76.The word“profound”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○fascinating○far-reaching○necessary○temporary77.The word“ritual”in the passage is closest in meaning to○military○physical○ceremonial○permanent78.The word“fleeing”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○afraid of○displaced by○running away from○responding toTPO879.The word“massive”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ancient○carefully○very large○carefully protected80.The word“pinpoint”in the passage is closest in meaning to○identify precisely○make an argument for○describe○understand81.The word“ingenuity”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ambition○sincerity○faith○cleverness82.The word“predominant”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○most aggressive○most productive○principal○earliest83.The word“cope”in the passage is closest in meaning to○adapt○move○continue○compete84.The word“fluctuations”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○extremes○retreats○periods○variations85.The word“bombard”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○approach○strike○pass○circle86.The word“disruption”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○exhaustion○disturbance○modification○disappearance87.The word“merge”in the passage is closest in meaning to○expand○separate○straighten out○combine88.The word“relics”in the passage is closest in meaning to○remains○sites○requirements○sources89.The word“miniature”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○temporary○small○multiple○familiar90.The word“hints”in the passage is closest in meaning to○clues○features○arguments○effects91.The word“persuasively”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○aggressively○inflexibly○convincingly○carefullyTPO992.The phrase“prior to”is closest in meaning to○before○immediately after○during○in spite of93.The word“vast”in the passage is closest in meaning to○frozen○various○isolated○huge94.The word“inhospitable”in the passage is closest in meaning to○not familiar○not suitable○not dangerous○not reachable95.The word“impetus”in the passage is closest in meaning to○chance○protection○possibility○incentive96.The word“justified”in the passage is closest in meaning to○supported○shaped○stimulated○suggested97.The word“flourish”in the passage is closest in meaning to○continue○occur○succeed○apply98.The word“objective”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○unbiased○positive○systematic○thorough99.The word“compelling”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○commonly held○persuasive○original○practical100.The phrase“at random”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○finally○over a long period of time○successfully○without a definite pattern101.The word“abundantly”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○occasionally○fortunately102.The word“propagate”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○multiply○emerge○live○evolve103.The word“dormant”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○hidden○inactive○underground○preservedTPO10104.The word“status”in the passage is closest in meaning to○origin○importance○quality○design105.The word“evolve”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○divided○extended○developed○vanished106.The word“instigate”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○improved○investigated○narrowed○caused107.The word“whereas”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○while○previously○surprisingly○because108.The word“striking”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○noticeable○unlikely109.The word“erratic”in the passage is closest in meaning to○dramatic○important○unpredictable○common110.The word“deliberation”in the passage is closest in meaning to○records○discussions○results○variations111.The word“invoked”in the passage is closest in meaning to○demonstrated○called upon○supported○expected112.The word“key”in the passage is closest in meaning to○historical○many○important○hidden113.The word“meager”in the passage is closest in meaning to○very necessary○very low○traditional○primary114.The phrase“an English innovation”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○a new development introduced by the English○an arrangement found only in England○a type of agreement negotiated in English○a type of partnership based on English lawTPO11115.The word“vital”in the passage is closest in meaning to○attractive○essential○usual○practical116.The word“context”in the passage is closest in meaning to○connection○influence○environment○requirement117.The word“core”in the passage is closest in meaning to○material○layer○center○frame118.The word“depicts”in the passage is closest in meaning to○imagines○classifies○elevates○portrays119.The word“perplexed”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○defeated○interested○puzzled○occupied120.The word“preposterous”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○unbelievable○inadequate○limited○creative121.The word“accumulating”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○new○increasing○convincing○extensive122.The phrase“impose on”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○increase for○remove from○place on○distribute to123.The word“artificial”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○attractive○not real○short-term○well designed124.The word“prediction”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○surprise○discovery○explanation○expectation125.The word“pinpoint”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○observe○locate exactly○copy accurately○recognize126.The word“derive”in the passage is closest in meaning to○require○gain○use○produceTPO12127.The phrase“assisted in”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○initiated○dominated○helped with○set up128.The word“depicted”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○identified○revealed○pictured○imagined129.The word“criteria”in the passage is closest in meaning to○standards○findings○ideas○techniques130.The word“regarded”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○analyzed○considered○altered○criticized131.The word“paradoxes”in the passage is closest in meaning to○difficulties○accomplishments○parallels○contradictions132.The word“overshadowed”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○distracted from○explained○conducted○coordinated with133.The word“neglected”in the passage is closest in meaning to○failed○needed○started○expected134.The word“drastically”in the passage is closest in meaning to○obviously○unfortunately○rapidly○severely135.The word“dwellers”in the passage is closest in meaning to○settlements○farmers○tribes○inhabitants136.The word“fractures”in the passage is closest in meaning to○streams○cracks○storms○earthquakes137.The word“immobile”in the passage is closest in meaning to○enclosed○permanent○motionless○intactTPO13138.The word“complex”in the passage is closest in meaning to○delicate○elaborate○private○common139.The word“endowing”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○leaving○exposing○providing○understanding140.The phrase“size up”in the passage is closest in meaning to○enlarge○evaluate○impress○accept141.The word“deviate”in the passage is closest in meaning to○detract○advance○select○depart142.The word“consequently”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○therefore○additionally○nevertheless○moreover143.The word“persistent”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○adjusted○strong○enduring○predicted144.The word“duration”in the passage is closest in meaning to○length○feature○process○repetition145.The word“sustained”in the passage is closest in meaning to○intense○uninterrupted146.The word“uniformly”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○clearly○quickly○consistently○occasionally147.The word“potent”in the passage is closest in meaning to○artificial○powerful○common○similar148.The word“quantifiable”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○visual○permanent○meaningful○measurableTPO14149.The word“verify”in the passage is closest in meaning to○establish the truth of○approve of○understand○criticize150.The word“adept”in the passage is closest in meaning to○responsible○skillful○patient○curious151.The word"attributes"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○evaluations○attitudes○actions○characteristics152.The word"credible”in the passage is closest in meaning to○helpful○believable153.The word“paradoxically”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○usually○surprisingly○understandably○predictably154.The word"prolonged"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○unusual○unexpected○extended○disastrous155.The word"exhausted"in the passage is closest in meaning to○used up○reduced○wasted○relied upon156.The word“prestige”in the passage is closest in meaning to○interest○status○demand○profit157.The word“profound”in the passage is closest in meaning to○strange○positive○direct○far-reaching158.The word"striking”in the passage is closest in meaning to○reliable○noticeable○convincing○violent159.The word"exploit”in the passage is closest in meaning to○use to advantage○depart from○pay attention to○travel acrossTPO15160.The phrase“unique among”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○natural to○different from all other○quite common among○familiar to161.The word“feat”in the passage is closest in meaning to○remarkable achievement○common transformation○daily activity○complex solution162.The word“bulk”in the passage is closest in meaning to○strength○effort○activity○mass163.The phrase“courses through”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○rises through○heats up in○runs through○collects in164.The word“extended”in the passage is closest in meaning to○specific○unlimited○reasonable○long165.The phrase“account for”in the passage is closest in meaning to○describe○challenge○explain○test166.The word“intense”in the passage is closest in meaning to○sudden○unusual○immediate○extreme167.The word“interlocked”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○intermediate○linked○frozen○fully developed168.The word“match”in the passage is closest in meaning to○measure○enlarge○approximate○equal169.The word“transform”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○break○push○change○extend170.The word“deceiving”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○approximate○exaggerated○unusual○misleading171.The word“static”in the passage is closest in meaning to○unchanging○usable○thick○harmlessTPO16172.The word“repudiate”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○respect○reject○review173.The word“consensus”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○authority○responsibility○custom○agreement174.The word“ethic”in the passage is closest in meaning to○set of moral principles○division of labor○economic system○test of character175.The word“intrinsically”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○fundamentally○surprisingly○consequently○particularly176.The word“interplay”in the passage is closest in meaning to○sequence○interpretation○requirement○interaction177.The word“abundance”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○weight○requirement○plenty○sequence178.The phrase“analogous to”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○predicted by○expected of○similar to○superior to179.The word“postulated”in the passage is closest in meaning to○hypothesized○discovered○reported○generated180.The word“markedly”in the passage is closest in meaning to○essentially○typically○consistently○noticeably181.The word“meager”in the passage is closest in meaning to○rich○complex182.The word“eventually”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○over time○long ago○simply○certainlyTPO17183.The word“impetus”in the passage is closest in meaning to○return○opportunity○stimulus○obstacle184.The word“dramatically”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○artificially○greatly○immediately○regularly185.The word“refined”in the passage is closest in meaning to○completed○improved○drawn○checked186.The word“norms”in the passage is closest in meaning to○purposes○skills○activities○rules187.The word“conspicuous”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○common○noticeable○different○colorful188.The word“signal”in the passage is closest in meaning to○change○hide189.The word“inflating”in the passage is closest in meaning to○coloring○enlarging○loosening○heating190.The word“impediment”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○obstruction○effort○delay○resistance191.The word“exploits”in the passage is closest in meaning to○repeats○makes use of○increases the intensity of○recognizes192.The word“derives”in the passage is closest in meaning to○digests○obtains○controls○discovers193.The word“devastated”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○influenced○infected○strengthened○destroyed194.The word“inadvertently”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○indefensibly○substantially○unintentionally○partially195.The word“highlights”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○defines○emphasizesTPO18196.The word“progressive”in the passage is closest in meaning to○rapid○partial○increasing○individual197.The word”flaw”in the passage is closest in meaning to○fault○aspect○confusion○mystery198.The word“triggered”in the passage is closest in meaning to○removed○followed○increased○caused199.The word“periodically”in the passage is closest in the meaning to ○continuously○quickly○regularly○carefully200.The word“empirical”in the passage is closest in meaning to○reliable○based on common sense○relevant○based on observation201.The word“tremendous”in the passage is closest in meaning to○distinct○growing○huge○immediate202.The word“acquire”in the passage is closest in meaning to○reject○obtain○need○produce203.The word“illuminates”in the passage is closet in meaning to ○opens○completes○lights○electrifies204.The word“initiated”is closet in meaning to○started○intensified○finished○expectedTPO19205.The word“suppress”in the passage is closest in meaning to○respond to○warn against○avoid the impact of○stop by force206.The word“friction”in the passage is closest in meaning to○rebellion○conflict○neglect○crime207.The phrase“entitled to”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○given the right to○able to afford to○encouraged to○required to208.The word“substantiated”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○confirmed○noticed○defined○publicized209.The word“trend”in the passage is closest in meaning to○probability○picture○lawlike regularity○tendency210.The word“likewise”in the passage is closest in meaning to○sometimes○similarly○apparently○consequently211.The word“legitimately”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○commonly○broadly○properly○officially212.The word“initiated”in the passage is closest in meaning to○approved○identified○started○foreseen213.The word“accumulations”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○signs○pieces○types○deposits214.The word“heterogeneous”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○remaining○varied○familiar○layered215.The word“enjoy”in the passage is closest in meaning to○experience○resemble○expect○dominate216.The word“reveal”in the passage is closest in meaning to○result from○vary with○showTPO20217.The word"fringes"in the passage is closest in meaning to○borders○groups○types○directions218.The word"proliferation"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○growth○cooperation○importance○success219.The word"superseded"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○replaced○reformed○equaled○increased220.The word"diverted"in the passage is closest in meaning to○collected○shifted○transported○sold221.The word"momentous"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○numerous○regular○very important○very positive222.The word"exploited"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○explored○utilized○inhabited○improved223.The word"cramped"in the passage is closest in meaning to○primitive○secure○extended224.The word"shifts"in the passage is closest in meaning to○effects○similarities○changes○exceptions225.The word"abruptly"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○informally○briefly○suddenly○surprisingly226.The word"agencies"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○combinations○problems○forces○changes227.The word"terrestrial"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○land○protected○alternative○similar228.The word"enhance"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○control○limit○combine○increase229.The word"precise"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○complex○quick○exact○reliable230.The word"prospect"in the passage is closest in meaning to ○completion○variety○possibility○speed。

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TPO4
inhibit=restrict 限制，禁止inthesamebreath=immediately 立即
indefiniteperiod=whoseendhasnotbeendetermined rebound=recovery 复原，重获
amarkeddegree=aconsiderabledegree 很大程度上principal=major 主要的
environmentaltrappings=environmentaldecorations accumulate=buildup 累积adjacent=nearby 临近的sloping=inclining 倾斜的foul=pollute 污染
TPO5
exhibit=show 展示facilitate=makeeasier 促进suspended=hung 悬浮的afford=offer 提供，支付的起overwhelming=powerful 有力的，强大的implement=tool 工具undisputed=acknowledged 认可的，无可争议的significant=important 重要的不定期的装饰
relatively=comparatively 相对地
diversification=emergenceofmanyvarieties
多样化promote=encourage 激励
TPO6 exploit=utilize 利用vastly=greatly 极大地，深
远地growaccustomedto=becomeusedto 习惯于
retain=maintain 保持rudimentary=basic 基础的meticulously=carefully 仔细地，严谨地
endure=survive 忍受，存活virtually=nearly 事实
上，几乎plausible=believable 可信的
phenomenon=occurrence 现象，发生的事件
critically=fundamentally 根本地
perspective=viewpoint 观点
TPO7 objective=purpose 目的
scoresof=largenumbersof 大量的turbulent=violent
暴力的obsessionwith=fixationon 痴迷于
foster=encourage 培育，激励sphere=area 范围diffuse=spread 传播
profound=far-reaching 深远地
ritual=ceremonial 仪式flee=runawayfrom 逃避
TPO8 massive=verylarge 大量的
pinpoint=identifyprecisely 精确描述，精确定位ingenuity=cleverness 精巧predominant=principal 主
要的cope=adapt 处理，适应
fluctuation=variation 变化，波动bombard=strike 敲
击，轰炸disruption=disturbance 干扰
merge=combine 融合relics=remains 遗迹
miniature=small 小的hint=clue 线索
TPO9 persuasively=convincingly 令人信服地priorto=before 在.. 之前vast=huge 大的inhospitable=notsuitable 不好客的，不适合的
impetus=incentive 动机justify=support 证明.. 正确flourish=succeed 使繁荣，使成功
objective=unbiased 没有偏见的，客观的compelling=persuasive 强制的，有说服性的atrandom=withoutadefinitepattern 乱序地abundantly=plentifully 丰富地，大量地
propagate=multiply 传播，繁殖dormant=inactive 静止的
TPO10
status=importance 地位evolve=develop 发展instigate=cause 煽动whereas=while 然而
striking=noticeable 显着的erratic=unpredictable 不稳定的deliberation=discussion 深思熟虑
invoke=callupon 祈求key=important 重要的meager=verylow 缺乏的
innovation=newdevelopment 创新TPO11
vital=essential 至关重要的context=environment 环境，上下文
core=center 核心depict=portray 描述
perplex=puzzle 使困惑preposterous=unbelievable 荒谬的accumulating=increasing 累积的
imposeon=placeon 强加于artificial=notreal 人造的，假的prediction=expectation 预测
pinpoint=locateexactly 精确描述，精确定位
derive=gain 获取
TPO12
assistin=helpwith 帮助depict=picture 描述
criteria=standards 标准regard=consider 认为paradox=contradiction 自相矛盾
overshadow=distractfrom 使阴暗，使分心
neglect=fail 没有做成.. 事drastically=severely 彻底地，严重地dweller=inhabitant 居住者
fracture=crack 分裂immobile=motionless 固定的TPO13 complex=elaborate 复杂的，详尽的
endow=provide 赋予，提供sizeup=evaluate 测量deviate=depart 使偏离，越轨
consequently=therefore 因此persistent=enduring 持久的duration=length 持续sustained=uninterrupted 稳定的uniformly=consistently 一致地
potent=powerful 强大的quantifiable=measureable 可测量的TPO14 verify=establishthetruthof 验证，核实
adept=skillful 熟练的attribute=characteristic 特征credible=believable 可靠的
paradoxically=surprisingly 出人意料地
prolonged=extended 延长的exhausted=usedup 疲惫的，耗尽的prestige=status 名望profound=far-reaching 深远地striking=noticeable 显着的exploit=usetoadvantage 开采，利用
TPO15
interlock=link 连接
match=equal 能匹配的
transform=change 转变
deceiving=misleading 欺骗性的，误导性的
static=unchanging 稳定的
uniqueamong=differentfromallother 独特的
feat=remarkableachievement 功绩bulk=mass 大量coursethrough=runthrough 通过extended=long 延长的
accountfor=explain 解释
intense=extreme 极端的。