下学期高一期中考试英语试卷(考试版)
浙江省金华市曙光学校2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题(含答案)
曙光学校2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题(满分150 分，考试时间120 分钟)第一部分: 听力(共两节，满分30 分)第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man do last nightA. He saw a movieB. He went to the park.C. He booked some tickets.2. What does the woman ask the man to doA. Collect a customer.B. Drive her to the airport.C. Look for Greg.3. What relation is Tim to JennyA. Her head teacher.B. Her future husband.C. Her elder brother.4. When will the first performance endA. At 7:00.B. At 9:00.C. At 9:10.5. What are the speakers talking aboutA. A city.B. A book.C. A center.第二节(共15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。
6. Where is the man goingA. To a library.B. To his home.C. To a cafe.7. What does the man think of his part-time jobA. It’s badly-paid.B. It’s boring.C. It’s satisfactory.听第7 段材料，回答第8、9 题。
黑龙江省大庆铁人中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷
铁人中学2023级高一下学期期中考试英语试题试题说明：1、本试题满分150 分, 答题时间120 分钟。
2、请将答案填写在答题卡上, 考试结束后只交答题卡。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman complain about the museum shop?A. The location.B. The goods.C. The opening hours.2. What does the woman want to do about the kitchen?A. Keep the traditional look.B. Change it into a farmhouse.C. Redecorate it in a modern style.3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A report.B. Weekend plans.C. The weather.4. How do the speakers find the concert?A. Excellent.B. Average.C. Disappointing.5. What does the woman suggest doing?A. Waiting several days.B. Organizing the food now.C. Inviting more people.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷
黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Here are four cities that are great for winter travel.Quebec City, CanadaQuebec City is one of the oldest cities in North America. In the winter, it is covered in a thick blanket of snow, creating beautiful winter scenery. Visitors can explore the Quebec City castle, the streets of the old town, and ancient churches. You can also try winter activities such as skiing,ice-skating, and dog-sledding.Helsinki, FinlandHelsinki, the capital of Finland, turns into a fairy tale-like city in the winter. You can take a walk along the frozen coast of the Baltic Sea, visit St. Nicholas’ Anglican Church and the National Museum of Finland, and indulge in the pleasure of tasting candy and hot chocolate in warm cafes. Additionally, you can experience the wonders of the Arctic Circle nearby in Lapland, including chasing the northern lights, reindeer sledding, and visiting Santa Claus Village.Innsbruck, AustriaInnsbruck is situated in the Alps and is a winter sports destination. The city is famous for its magnificent mountain scenery and world-class ski resorts. Visitors can enjoy the medieval architecture in the city center, ski at the Olympic ski resort, or watch ski jumping competitions at the ski jumping usanne, SwitzerlandLausanne is a city in the French-speaking region of Switzerland, located on the shores of Lake Geneva. The city boasts charming lake views and snow-capped mountain backgrounds, making it an ideal winter vacation destination. You can take a stroll along the lakeside promenade, visit the Olympic Museum, or sample Swiss cuisine such as chocolate and cheese fondue. Additionally, Lausanne has some famous ski resorts, such as Les Diablerets and Villars. 1．What can visitors do in Quebec City during the winter?A．Visit the famous chocolate factory.B．Explore Santa Claus Village.C．Appreciate the old buildings.D．Walking along the beautiful beach.2．Which city will be the first choice if one wants to see the Arctic landscape?A．Quebec City.B．Helsinki.C．Innsbruck.D．Lausanne. 3．What do the last two cities have in common?A．They have famous ski resorts.B．They have world-famous museums.C．They are located on the shores of lakes.D．They are famous for the Olympic Games.I was the only kid in college with a reason to go to the mail box, because my mother never believed in email, in Facebook, in texting or cell phones. I was literally waiting by the mailbox to get a letter with a warmest comfort from her.So when I moved to New York and got depressed, I did the only thing I could think of. I wrote those same kinds of letters like my mother for strangers, and tucked them all over the city: in cafes, in libraries, and even in the subway. I blogged about those letters and promised if asked for a hand-written letter, I would write one.Overnight, my inbox became this harbor of heartbreak — a single mother in Sacramento, a girl being bullied in Kansas, a 22-year-old immigrant, all asking me to write them and give them a reason to wait by the mailbox. And this is how I initiated the act The World Needs More Love Letters.Today I run a global organization fueled by those trips to the mailbox. It is a miracle. But the thing about these letters is that most of them have been written by people brought up in a paperless world where some best conversations happen on a screen. We have learned to diary our pain onto Facebook, and we speak swiftly in twitter.Therefore, I’ve been carrying this mail crate (大木箱) with me these days, which is a magical icebreaker. So I get to tell total strangers about a woman whose husband was traumatized (受精神创伤) from war, and how she left love letters throughout the house saying, “Come back to me.” And a man, who had decided to take his life, slept safely with a stack of letters just beneath his pillow, handwritten by strangers who were there for him.These stories convince me that letter-writing will never need to be about efficiency, because it is an art now, all of it: the signing, the scripting, the mailing.4．Why did the author share her experience in college?A．To show her care for her family.B．To prove her habit of writing letters.C．To express her feelings attached to letters.D．To present her love for writing letters. 5．What caused the author to start the act?A．She advocated the paperless lifestyle.B．She intended to provide professional aid.C．She tried to improve her communication skills.D．She aimed to give emotional support with letters.6．Why does the author call the mail crate “a magical icebreaker”?A．It has magic power to melt ice.B．It inspires people to be brave.C．It makes people’s mental diseases go away.D．It serves as a conversation starter. 7．What is the best title for the passage?A．Family Letters Are Priceless B．Love for Writing Never LessensC．World Needs More Love Letters D．Hand-written Letters Improve EfficiencyAn ancient Latin proverb says “Aquila non capit muscas” —cagles don’t hunt flies—meaning that important ones shouldn’t concern themselves with small, insignificant matters.But the lions in East Africa should concern themselves with the seemingly insignificant ants, because these ants are changing their lifestyles.The story starts with the acacia trees(金合欢树)in an African wildlife area in central KenyaSome of these acacia trees provide food and shelter for specific ant species, which in turn defend the tree against herbivores(食草动物).The ants are actively attacking and driving away herbivores that attempt to feed on the tree’s leavesThis is highly effective; the ants not only physically harm the herbivores but also release chemicals that can deter other potential attackers.But these ants are in trouble.Another species called the “big-headed” ant is destroying entire groups of tree-protecting ants.This, in turn, sets off an entire chain of events that ends up influencing when and how lions can hunt.This ant invasion(入侵)affects one thing after the other.It leaves the acacia trees defenseless against herbivores especially elephants.The elephants come in and eat the acacias at five to seven times the rate observed in uninvaded areas.The lions, while hunting for food, have no more treesto use for hiding.This reduced tree cover makes lions less successful at hunting and pushes them to find different areas to hunt in．“These tiny invaders are pulling on the ties that put an African ecosystem together, determining who is eaten andwhere,” said Todd Palmer, an ecologist from Florida.The lions, which are already endangered, are managing to cope with this by no longer focusing their attention on zebras.The zebras, of course, can see them much better on the approach given the lack of cover.Instead, they are targeting water buffalo.But this also isn’t the end of the story.Who knows what the lions’ changing strategy will mean for the ecosystem down the line? 8．What does the underlined word “deter” in paragraph 2mean?A．Direct.B．Discourage.C．Identify.D．Seek.9．What role do the elephants play in the chain reaction?A．Cooperating with “big-headed” ants.B．Damaging the hiding place for lions.C．Protecting the acacias from herbivores.D．Starting off the disturbance of the chain. 10．The author mentions lions, zebras and water buffalo to show that ______.A．animals fall victim to bigger ones B．the ecology is on the road to recoveryC．animals are corelated in the ecosystem D．species are firmly positioned in the food chain 11．What is the text mainly about?A．What ecologists find about animals.B．Why African lions are endangered.C．How tiny ants affect the way lions hunt.D．How the law of the jungle works in Africa.“Woman reading book, under a night sky, dreamy atmosphere,” I type into Deep Dream Generator’s Text 2 Dream feature. In less than a minute, an image is returned tom e showing what I’ve described.Welcome to the world of AI image generation, where you can create what on the surface looks like top-rank artwork using just a few text prompts (提示). But closer examination shows oddities. The face of the woman in my image has very odd features, and appears to be holding multiple books. And, while there’s an initial thrill at seeing an image appear, there’s no creative satisfaction.AI image generation could impact everything from film to graphic novels and more. Children’s illustrators were quick to raise concerns about the technology. They say AI-generatedart is the exact opposite of what art is believed to be. Fundamentally, art is all about translating something that you feel internally into something that exists externally. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process.Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generator s rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that are intentionally meant to imitate the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that Al generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work, However, a human artist is also adding emotion and nuance (细微差别) into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same — it can only copy.The increasing use of AI will also lead to a devaluing of the work of artists. There’s already a negative prejudice towards the creative industry. People will begin to think that their “work” is as valid as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s nonsense, of course. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughters, but you are no match for professionals.12．What does the writer think of his image creation?A．Exciting.B．Appealing.C．Unsatisfying.D．Shocking. 13．What do children’s illustrators value most about art?A．The creating process.B．The final work.C．Personal feelings.D．External forms.14．What is Paragraph 4 of the text mainly about?A．The styles of human artworks and AI ones.B．Human artists’ influence on AI generators.C．Different means used in human and AI art creation.D．The drawbacks of drawing from existing art and text.15．Which of the following best summarizes the last paragraph?A．Art is the mirror of life.B．Rome is not built in a day.C．No man can do two things at once.D．Jack of all trades, master of none.It is often a complex and tiring task to live a healthy life, but that isn’t always the case.16 It’s time to change the classroom environment for the health of the children.17 It’s not surprising that sitting for long as a child is associated with health problems as an adult. Fortunately, there’s a simple, overlooked solution to these problems — standing classrooms.Over the last few years, a number of studies have shown that the benefits of the increased range of movement students experience when using standing desks are surprisingly broad. 18 Besides, standing desks encourage higher levels of teamwork and participation among students. Standing desks also help to reduce the risk of some diseases. They can help to prevent fatness, heart disease and low spirits. Sedentary (久坐的) lifestyles are a major reason why teenagers suffer from poor mental health, while higher activity levels reduce the chances of a child experiencing such an illness.The benefits of bringing standing desks into classrooms are obvious. 19 Otherwise they will likely hurt their muscles when standing for a long time. Standing desks usually offer a full range of motion, which includes the option to sit or lean (倾斜身体) without losing eye-level of the rest of the class, and that full range of motion is important.Sitting isn’t horrible. It isn’t a thing we should never do. The problem is that we do it too much, and so do our children, which makes children less likely to succeed and keep healthy.20A．It is time for us to stand up to stay healthy.B．But it is important for children to use them gradually.C．Children spend most of their school day sitting at desks.D．Thus it’s necessary to break up the sitting with standing desks.E．Something as cheap as a desk could be making a major difference.F．Right now there is something we can do easily to keep our children healthy.G．For example, they help students keep fit and avoid putting on too much weight.二、完形填空One autumn morning, I spotted a pair of wild geese on our pond. The beautiful sight caught me by 21 because I’d never seen geese there before. Thinking they would soon leave, I22 the chance to get close to them.The next morning, the geese were still my 23 . I walked round to mailbox, showing them I meant no harm. I hid behind some trees and 24 the handsome pair quietly through the branches. I was surprised to see they were staring at me, too!As days passed, 1 started 25 to them on my trips to the mailbox. They craned (伸长) their necks and raised their heads 26 but seemed to realize I was their friend. By then, my curiosity about why they were staying so long at the pond changed to 27 . As they were feeding in the grass the other day, I discovered the reason for their 28 : the male had a damaged left wing and his faithful mate wouldn’t leave him behind.I asked a biologist what to do. He explained that sometimes a 29 wing will heal by itself and suggested letting nature take its course.On the first day of November, I was working in the neighbourhood of the geese when I 30 some movement from the corner of my eye. Both geese were running towards the pond. Their wings were 31 like crazy, struggling for take-off. Gradually they flew over the pond and circled back towards me as if to say goodbye. Then they were out of my 32 .The season’s first snowflakes fell the very next day. The birds must have 33 that winter was coming. I became fond of them during their 34 visit to our pond. I’ll never forget their 35 to each other.21．A．accident B．surprise C．nature D．fortune 22．A．increased B．created C．deserved D．valued 23．A．guests B．puzzles C．pets D．friends 24．A．approached B．calmed C．observed D．protected 25．A．turning B．leading C．driving D．talking 26．A．firmly B．warmly C．cautiously D．proudly 27．A．concern B．sympathy C．rescue D．pleasure 28．A．companion B．visit C．settlement D．care 29．A．folded B．weak C．broken D．feathery 30．A．held B．caught C．directed D．lost 31．A．spreading B．sweeping C．shaking D．beating 32．A．reach B．sight C．control D．help33．A．concluded B．indicated C．sensed D．confirmed 34．A．unexpected B．casual C．short D．regular 35．A．contribution B．promise C．treat D．devotion三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
上海中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题(含答案)
上海中学2023学年第二学期期中考试英语试题高一______班学号______ 姓名______ 成绩______Ⅰ．Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．A．15 dollars. B．20 dollars. C．25 dollars. D．45 dollars.2．A．To the gallery. B．To the dentist’s.C．To her flat. D．To the garage.3．A．She was fired by the company. B．She broke the law.C．She is on leave right now. D．She is replacing the company’s website.4．A．Patient and doctor. B．Resident and government official.C．Customer and insurance agent. D．Boss and secretary.5．A．He was sitting opposite Mr. Johnson. B．He is planning a farewell party for Mr. Johnson.C．All the tasks that Mr. Johnson did failed. D．He is glad Mr. Johnson left the company.6．A．She prefers dogs to cats.B．She had a close relationship with the man’s daughter.C．She used to sorrow over her dog’s death.D．She is always in low spirits.7．A．The woman should get the chips herself. B．The woman shouldn’t eat chips.C．The woman used to have several heart attacks. D．The woman warned the man against heart attacks. 8．A．They plan to have the meeting in another place.B．The availability of the meeting room will be discussed.C．They have already had the meeting.D They will have the meeting sometime later.9．A．The car’s demand greatly exceeds supply.B．The woman has listed the car’s advantages.C．The woman received a car a month ago. D．The woman didn’t like the car.10．A．She won’t do the presentation.B．She needs to collect a lot of data for the presentation.C．She is still at an early stage of preparation for the presentation.D．The topic is most important for the presentation.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked some questions on the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but thequestions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you’ve heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11．A．The type of food you freeze. B．The way you warm up the frozen food.C．Whether the freezer bags are sealed. D．What temperature you set your freezer to. 12．A．Because they can be easily stocked.B．Because they fit well in the fridge.C．Because they come in different sizes and shapes. D．Because they help to keep the dry food dry 13．A．Prevent people from eating too much food.B．Stop people from removing food that hasn’t gone bad.C．Make people become cautious about eating unhealthy food.D．Make people become ambitious in making use of leftover food.Questions 14 through 17 are based on the following passage.14．A．Postpone retirement age. B．Involve more women in work.C．Hire more foreign workers. D．Attract workers with high salaries.15．A．Relieve pressure on human nursing care.B．Take care of children and the elderly.C．Finally replace humans in workforce. D．Give humans more time to r creative work. 16．A．Robots can’t do certain work. B．Some people don’t accept robots.C．The expenses for robots are still high. D．The functions of robots need improving.17．A．Japan struggles to fight workforce shortage.B．Japanese attitudes towards robots change a lot.C．Robots have played a major role in Japan’s industry.D．Robots can help in Japanese workforce shortage.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation.18．A．The cruise liner will provide all sorts of food and entertainment.B．Only half of the cabins will be filled up.C．The prices of unsold tickets will be reduced.D．Everyone will be able to afford the ticket.19．A．Book tickets as soon as they are available. B．Closely watch the changes of ticket prices C．Compare deals from different sources. D．Keep in contact with a travel age n you can trust. 20．A．Because cruise tours are only suitable for people who have much free time.B．Because he can work part-time to earn money to pay for the tour.C．Because doing price research and comparing takes time.D．Because he can sail shortly after buying the cheap ticket.Ⅱ．Grammar and VocabularySection A Multiple Choice21．No man is useless in this world ______ lightens the burden of someone else.A．which B．that C．who D．as22．______ be considered for the role of team leader in our upcoming project?A．Who do you suggest that should B．Who do you suggestC．Whom do you suggest should D．Do you suggest who should23．I’m now applying to graduate school, ______ means someday I’ll return to a profession ______people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want.A．which, as B．which, which C．which, where D．as, in which24．The reason ______ she gave for her resignation was ______ she wanted to pursue her passion for travel and exploration.A．that, that B．why, that C．why, because D．/, because25．It might be years ______ we ______ the creation of artificial intelligence systems capable of true human-like cognition.A．since, made possible B．before, make possibleC．since, made possible that D．before, make it possible26．The budget for the project ended up being twice ______, causing unexpected financial strain on the company. A．how it intended to B．that it had intended toC．as it intended to D．what it was intended to27．It was ______ she took her first step onto foreign soil ______ signaled the beginning of a journey filled with unknown adventures and unforgettable experiences.A．the moment, that B．the moment, whenC．the moment when, that D．the moment when, which28．The complexities of the English language are ______ even native speakers cannot always communicate effectively, ______ almost every American learns on his first day in Britain.A．so that, as B．such that, as C．so that, with D．such that, in that29．His confidence and strong will clearly show that he is no longer ______ he used to be the first time ______ he undertook such a demanding task.A．who, when B．who, / C．what, / D．what, that30．It was not so much her talent ______ her perseverance and determination ______ motivated her to the top of her field.A but. that B．as, that C．nor, which D．like, which31．______ the children tracked mud all over them again.A．No sooner did he sweep the floors clean than B．Hardly had he sweep the floors clean whenC．Barely he had swept the floors clean than D．Scarcely had he swept the floors clean when32．Although the suspect insisted ______ alone during the time of the crime, the court still demanded ______ evidence to support his alibi.A．being at home, he should provide B．he be at home, he providedC．he was at home, be provide D．he was at home, he providing33．Visitors are permitted to take photographs for personal use only, ______ stated otherwise by the museum staff. A．though B．if C．as D．unless34．The recipe book features helpful ______, making it easier for learners to visualize the cooking process.A．explanation B．demonstrations C．illustrations D．presentations35．The heroic idea that ______ qualities such as excellence, generosity courage, loyalty and dignity is highly valued and modeled.A．embraces B．identifies C．examines D．criticizes36．______ by the work pressure, he has been experiencing serious physical symptoms of stress and had to turn to a therapist for help.A．Overwhelmed B．Disappointed C．Frustrated D．Shocked37．After witnessing her tireless dedication to practice every day, the parents were ______ her enthusiasm for playing the piano.A．concerned with B．committed to C．informed of D convinced of38．When we ______ the data further, we can identify specific trends and patterns that may not be evident at first glance.A．break up B．break out C．break through D．break down39．The temptation for a declining church to ______ old privileges is strong.A．hang on to B．settle for C．pass up D．sign for40．After signing the contract, every employee is ______ fulfill their duties and conform to the rules made by the company.A．reluctant to B．obliged to C．motivated to D．honored to41．Due to the long-term environmental and financial benefits, renewable energy technologies are ______ A．worthwhile to develop B．worth being developedC．worthy to be developed D．worthy of developingSection B VocabularyDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Stressed out? Get chewing: can a wellness rebrand make Americans buy gum again?When was the last time you saw someone chewing gum? 1998, maybe? 2007? Chances are, it probably wasn’t recently. Like high heels and affordable housing, chewing gum appears to be going 42Gum’s popularity has been fading globally thanks to increased competition from products like breath mints and mobile phones distracting us from impulse purchases while shopping. The pandemic, moreover, 43 ·accelerated gum’s decline.Even after people 44 from lockdown, sales didn’t recover. Gum sales worldwide in 2023 were 10% below 2018 figures. In the US, the drop has been particularly pronounced: last year 1.2 billion units of gum were sold in the US, 32% fewer than in 2018.However, chewing gum, in various forms, is one of the oldest habits there is. Stone age teenagers were chewing birch bar k tar possibly for pleasure, medicinal purposes, or to use it as a glue. Gum has also been loaded with culturalmeaning and the subject of various 45 panics. Some people believe it is a marker of the bad kids or a habit of the lower class.Despite a certain amount of social stigma（污名）attached to gum, it has - until relatively recently -been a wildly successful product. That’s thanks to William Wrigley Jr, who was a marketing and advertising genius. Wrigley always 46 to find a way to make gum relevant and insert it into consumer culture. For example, Wrigley advertised the idea that chewing gum was a health aid that would help digestion and would relieve stress.This year the Wrigley brand’s owner —Mars—came out with an ad campaign it hopes will revive gum’s 47 by positioning it as an almost instant stress reliever. Linking gum with wellness worked in the 1910s, but is it going to work now? Alex Hayes at the food consultancy is 48 optimistic. “The global well ness market is estimated to be worth more than $1.5 trillion, so it’s no surprise that Mars wants a piece of the pie,” Hayes says. “We’ve seen the success of categories such as tea promoting their products via functional 49 and messaging-teas for good sleep, mental clarity, stress relief, etc. So it comes as no surprise that Mars is risking the same 50 .” But he also notes, customers are increasingly worried about processed foods and are eager to move away from artificial 51 . There’s still ongoing discussion on just how effective repositioning chewable plastic as a health supplement is going to be. Ⅲ．Reading ComprehensionSection A ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.It’s safe to say Jeremy Scott is having a lucky year. In March while working as a chauffeur, he told his boss about his plans to set up a driving business. By the end of the journey, Scott’s boss had offered to 52 his idea-a starting capital along with the gift of a £110,000 limousine（豪车）to kick start the business.Of course, there’s an element of luck to everyone’s career. Whether you’re a chief executive or an artist — your 53 won’t be based on hard work alone. For example, the place you were born 54 your education. It determines whether you learn to read, write or complete qualifications, which 55 limits your career choices.Many people believe success is down to talent and hard work, but “this is because most people underestimate the role of 56 ”, says psychologist Dr Elizabeth Nutt Williams. “We do a lot of work to prepare for ourcareers-education, training, taking advantage of mentoring-all of which tend to be in our control.” People don’t like to acknowledge the role of luck in their work, as it 57 this feeling of being in control, adds Williams.Everyone remembers working hard, so people are more likely to overestimate how much of their success is down to diligence than something much more 58 like luck.The reality of success （at least in terms of 59 ）is less clear cut. In the UK, studies show where you are born is likely to determine how much you earn.2017 research found that there is a “class pay gap’’, where professional employers from 60 backgrounds are paid almost £7,000 less a year — despite having the same role, education and experience as colleagues from more privileged families. 61 , black graduates earn up to 23% less per hour than white university leavers, whereas woman in the UK earn 14% less on average than men.Socio-economic status also plays a big role in the 62 you enter. A recent study by the Debrett’s Foundation found seven in every 10 young people aged 16-25 use 63 to get their first job. While research has shown that less able, richer children are 35% more likely to become high earners than their brighter. poorer peers.The truth is: chance and coincidences 64 our careers more than we like to think. Realizing that parts of your career are out of your control sounds 65 , but being grateful for the role of luck in your career can actually make you more fortunate.This is because when you acknowledge the role of luck in your work, you become prepared to take advantage of more fortunate moments. “Chance events occur·but it is all about the individual’s 66 to see those events as possibilities and their willingness to take a risk,” says Williams.52．A．challenge B．adopt C．finance D．reject53．A．performances B．accomplishments C．assessments D．outcomes54．A．accounts for B．applies to C．makes up for D．depends on55．A．in reward B．after all C．in turn D．by nature56．A．chance B．accident C．education D．diligence57．A．emphasizes B．overlooks C．maintains D．weakens58．A．manageable B．vital C．slippery D．minor59．A．reputation B．income C．education D．occupation60．A．wealthier B．poorer C．unique D．diverse61．A．Nevertheless B．Contrarily C．Consequently D．Similarly62．A．profession B．circle C．community D．university63．A．certificates B．online platforms C．career fairs D．family connections64．A．contribute to B．result from C．add to D．hold back65．A．inspiring B．encouraging C．appealing D．discouraging66．A．reluctance B．eagerness C．readiness D．resolutionSection B Passages（A）When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee.74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the burnt garlic’s smell, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired.Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves（蒜瓣）in an electric oven, and after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and pac ks them in dripbags.“My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.”“The bitterness of burned garl ic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic isthoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee. If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, lwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen（$2.8）. 67．Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “blunder” in the second paragraph?A mistake B．show C．mixture D．brand68．Who is NOT suitable to drink garlic coffee?A．A student having trouble with sleep B．A woman bearing a baby.C．A cleaner working on a day shift. D．A young lady sick of garlic.69．Which of the following is NOT characteristic of garlic coffee?A．It is caffeine-free. B．Garlic powder dissolves in waterC．The burnt garlic create s bitterness. D．It is an improvement on a garlic dish.70．Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai?A．Venturous and greedy B．Innovative and perseverantC．Hardworking and cautious D．Observant and helpful（B）71．By “how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means “how they ______.”A．make sense to manufacturers B．get stuck in storesC are compared with each other D．are piled up together72．Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users?A．Dreampad pillow B．Eight sleep trackerC．Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution D．Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System73．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A．The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.B．The Nightinga, is an economical but perfect device.C．Soft music is applied to all these four devices.D．One in three people suffer from sleep problem.（C）One way to divide up the world is between people who like to explore new possibilities and those who stick to the tried and true. In fact, the tension between betting on a sure thing and taking a chance that something unexpected and wonderful might happen troubles human and nonhuman animals alike.Take songbirds, for example. The half-dozen finches（雀）resting at my desk feeder all summer know exactly what they’ll find there: black sunflower seed, and lots of it. Meanwhile, the warblers（莺）exploring the woods nearby don’t depend on this predictable food source in fine weather. As food hunters, they enjoy less exposure to predators and, as a bonus, the chance to meet the perfect mate flying from tree to tree.This “explore-exploit” trade-off（权衡）has prompted scores of lab studies, computer simulations and algorithms （算法）, trying to determine which strategy brings in the greatest reward. Now a new study of human behavior in the real world, published last month in the journal Nature Communications, shows that in good times, there isn’t much of a difference between pursuing novelty and sticking to the status quo（原状）. When the going gets tough. however, explorers are the winners.The new study, led by Shay O’Farrell and James Sanchirico, both of the Univ ersity of California, Davis, along with Orr Spiegel of Tel Aviv University, examined the routes and results of nearly 2,500 commercial fishing trips in the Gulf of Mexico over a period of 2.5 years. The study focused on “bottom longline” fishing, a system where hundreds of lines are attached to a horizontal bar that is then lowered to reach the sea bed. Dr. O’Farrell explained the procedure this way: Go to a location and put the line down. Stay for a few hours. The lines are a mile long and have a buoy （浮标）at either end. When they pull that up, they assess the catch, and then decide if they will stay or move on to a different spot.Over two years of collecting data under various climate conditions, the researchers discovered that the fishermen were fairly c onsistent. “The exploiters would go to a smaller set of locations over and over, and go with what theyknow,” Dr. O’Farrell said. The explorers would constantly try a wider range; they’d sample new places.In the long run, there wasn’t a huge difference in payoffs between the two groups, perhaps due to the sharing information between fishing crews, said Dr. O’Farrell. But in challenging times, the study’s message was clear: “You can try new things in the face of uncertainty.”74．The author takes the songbird as an example to indicate that ______.A．like birds, humans tend to be satisfied with the predictableB．some birds are used to looking for food instead of being fedC．there exist the conservative and the adventurous like humansD．birds choose different ways to look for food in different weather75．According to the third paragraph, people who mastered “explore-exploit” trade-off ______.A．will choose either to pursue novelty or keep the status quoB．are ready to risk in time of difficultyC．will be tough in good times and bad timesD．will grow to be experts in lab studies76．Which can be inferred from the new study led by Shay O’Farrell and James Sanchirico?A．The two groups react to the unexpected differently.B．The “explore-exploit” trade-off helps scientific research a lot.C．The exploiters are used to fishing based solely on their experience.D．The explorers tend to achieve more than the exploiters in the long run.77．Which of the following can be the best title for passage?A．How the Exploiter differs from the Explorer B．How to Become a Productive FishermanC．What is “Explore-Exploit” Trade-off D．When to take risks mattersSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The Maya loved cacao so much that they used the beans as currency. They also believed it is good for you—which many people still say today about cacao’s most famous byproduct, chocolate. 78 . While some have suggested that less than an ounce of dark chocolate might improve heart health, much of the research doesn’t involve eating actual chocolate but rather its components — flavanol, especially.79 . In a clinical trial of 21,000 adults, they found that the half of the group that took500mg of. cocoaflavanol supplements daily had a significantly lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease than those who had taken a placebo（安慰剂）.Flavanols may also boost insulin sensitivity, according to some studies, which might be helpful in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes（糖尿病）. 80 . Those at risk of diabetes might be wise to choose a cacao-inspired supplement instead of eating chocolate—and the sugar it contains. Other research suggests that the flavanols found in cacao （also present in fruits, vegetables, and tea）could slow cognitive decline during aging, or even boost brain performance by improving blood flow to the cerebral cortex.What these findings mean for chocolate is limited, however. Participants would have had to eat multiple fat and sugar filled chocolate bars a day to source 500mg of flavanols. 81 . So understanding why certain types of chocolate are healthier than the rest is the focus of further research.Ⅳ．Fill in the BlanksHow sneaker culture took over the worldSneakers have come a long way from when they were first invented in 1860s England for the upper-class playing croquet（槌球）and tennis.Long worn for function 82 82 fashion, today sneakers have become an entire culture—both a form of self-expression and a high art found in museum exhibits and designer auction houses.83 transformed sneaker culture into a true phenomenon was the 1985 release of Nike’s Air Jordan 1s. In 1984, Michael Jordan was a talented rookie who had yet to play in a professional game. 84 that, Nike saw Jordan as the future of their brand, signing him to a five-year, $2.5 million endorsement（代言）deal. 85 Jordan matured into one of the greatest basketball players of all time, the sneaker’s popularity skyrocketed.Meanwhile, another cultural shift 86 （take）place with casual Fridays introduced in white-collar businesses. It was when men were allowed to put aside their suits and wear something one day a week that showed people who they really were.As sneakers became increasingly desired, footwear companies turned to 87 （generate）even more publicity by collaborating with celebrities and luxury brands, as well as releasing small batches of limited-edition shoes with eye-pop ping designs.Celebrities also started their collaborations with sneaker brands, which helped target a whole new demographic of people to experience sneaker culture. It was a blending of high and low fashion, 88 the shoe industry has never really seen before. A pair that Jordan wore in his legendary final NBA season 89 （sell ）even for $2.2 mllion, making them the most expensive sneakers ever to appear at auction.By the mid-2010s, speakers 90 （become）solid gold status symbols. Wearing rare and cool sneakers became an expression of one’s social status. But not until recently, sneakers are finally getting their due as part of our cultural heritage—and particularly how Black culture has shaped that heritage. It took decades for the sneaker industry to recognize that 91 these Black athletes or artists that championed their products there would be no sneaker culture.Ⅴ．Translations92．结果看来这项传统的确值得传承给我们的后代。
湖北省武汉市常青联合体2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷
湖北省武汉市常青联合体2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷一、听力选择题1．Where does the conversation probably take place?A．At school.B．At home.C．In a restaurant.2．How many days does the museum open every week?A．Three.B．Four.C．Five.3．What did the woman do on Thursday?A．She ate a cake.B．She looked after her mum.C．She played with her mum.4．What does the man think of Seoul?A．It is a wonderful city.B．It makes him feel bored.C．The weather there is cool.5．What is the man doing?A．Telling a story.B．Listening to music.C．Reading a book.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What did the woman get in her Spanish class?A．C．B．F.C．A．7．Which class does the woman like best?A．Math.B．English.C．History.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What is the man’s job?A．A public speaker.B．A DJ.C．A music teacher.9．What might surprise Sarah’s parents?A．The man’s education.B．The man’s hairstyle.C．The man’s dressing style. 10．What do we know about the man?A．He is always outgoing.B．He will continue to study.C．He is worried about the meeting.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
福建省三明第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷
福建省三明第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Fall is a time for harvest. During this season, many countries have their own festivals to celebrate a harvest. Here’s a look at some of them.ChinaIn 2018, the Farmers’ Harvest Festival was launched in China. It’s held on the day of the autumn equinox (秋分). Every year, a range of events are organized nationwide especially for farmers and rural affairs’ workers to celebrate the harvest festival. Take this year’s festival for example. In Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, farmers brought 100 seed species to the main site of the ceremony in Hanhu district and placed them in a wall to mark the achievements of the seed industry. In Heilongjiang Province, the festival was combined with local traditions of the Daur people and the locals danced around bonfires (篝火).CanadaIn Canada, people celebrate their harvest on Thanksgiving Day. The tradition dates back to the 16th century, when the English explorer Martin Frobisher (1535-1594) came upon the land which is now Canada while searching for the “New World”. As he arrived in Canada, he celebrated surviving the long journey.Today, it has become a recognized holiday in the country that falls on the second Monday in October. Its date has moved around several times, but in 1957, the government decided to set the date in line with (与……一致) the completion of the Canadian harvest.African countriesIn Ghana and Nigeria, people have the Yam (山药) Festival to celebrate the most common food in many African countries. The Yam Festival is usually held at the beginning of August at the end of the rainy season. People celebrate the harvest with days of ceremonies and offerings of yams to their ancestors and to the gods.1．Why were 100 seed species placed in a wall?A．To pray for a good future.B．To follow the local traditions.C．To illustrate the role of farmers.D．To show the achievements in the seed industry.2．Why did Martin Frobisher go to Canada?A．To explore the “New World”.B．To hold a harvest celebration.C．To taste the turkey of Canada.D．To experience the pleasure of journey.3．What is the purpose of observing the Yam Festival?A．To create new ceremonies.B．To remember their ancestors.C．To celebrate the common food.D．To show respect for the gods.Last summer at a bookstore, my son Henry was fascinated by the cover of the first novel from Peter Brown’s middle-grade trilogy (三部曲). He then finished it in just two days. “Dad, why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad?” He tearfully asked me.The story is set on a remote island, where a robot named Roz learns to survive and communicate with the island’s creatures, and becomes part of the community. For my son, it was the first book he discovered on his own; the first to impact him with the mix of tragedy (悲剧) and joy.When I finished the book, I knew why Henry loved it. In our book club discussion, he described how Brown’s pictures and words had made the story feel real. When talking about its final scenes, where Roz leaves to find repairs for her injured body, Henry cried again. His previous reading experiences had cheerful, “happily-ever-after” endings, but this book introduced him to the beauty of complex emotions. I tried to explain how sadness can enhance the meaning of happy moments, but failed to fully convince him.Once our discussion ended, Henry requested to buy The Wild Robot Escapes and instantly fell in love with it. He read the first two books repeatedly, so you can imagine his excitement when we finally got a copy of The Wild Robot Protects.We both agree it is worth the wait. Roz leaves the island again to stop an underwater threat: “the poison tide.” Brown expertly balances between breathtaking adventure and unsettling ideas-not just happiness and sadness, but also, given the climate-change undercurrents, hope and despair.And, here’s something special about Roz: her physical clumsiness and confusion about life, conveyed through her expressive eyes and downturned mouth. Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place, much like a child’s journey. Readers love Roz. They learn from her. Even better, they learn alongside her. Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book’s sad parts, getting him ready to appreciate that, sometimes, sadness isn’t a bad thing to feel. 4．What drove the author to read The Wild Robot?A．Its tragic ending.B．Henry’s tearful recommendation.C．Its attractive cover.D．Henry’s emotional response to it.5．What is one theme of The Wild Robol Protects?A．Family and community.B．Concerns of global issues.C．Exploration of the ocean.D．Man-robot relationship.6．What makes Roz in the trilogy special?A．Her childlike expressions.B．Her robotic power.C．Her struggling experiences.D．Her adventurous spirit.7．Which message does this text seem to communicate?A．Misfortune inspires great literary works.B．Robot stories work like magic on children.C．Book discussions help kids survive tragedies.D．Reading literature facilitates personal growth.When adult humans meet a baby, many can’t help speaking in a higher-pitched (更高音的), sing-song y voice. This shift, known as parentese, is not unique to humans — it has also been observed in animals like monkeys and gorillas. Now, scientists are adding one more species to that list: bottlenose dolphins.Dolphins are intelligent animals that live and hunt in groups. They communicate in a unique way: every individual produces its own signature sound that acts much like an ID card, usually by its first birthday. But how does each come up with its distinctive whistle? For babies, it might havesomething to do with listening to Mum. To solve this mystery, researchers examined the sounds mother dolphins, make.Scientists studied 34 years’ worth of recordings of sounds made by 19 female bottlenose dolphins. When the mother dolphins were near their young, they continued to make their signature sound, but at a higher frequency. They also used a wider range of frequencies than they did when their babies were not nearby.This discovery suggests that using these modifications mother dolphins assist their young in learning how to produce these calls themselves. Since dolphin babies often spend some years with their mothers before living on their own, it makes sense that this adaptation would help them learn to communicate. At the very least, the higher-pitched whistle likely gets the babies’ attention. “It’s important for a baby to know,’ Oh, Mum’s talking to me now,’” says marine biologist June Mann.This kind of research could help us understand how language developed in humans. “It is absolutely essential to have basic knowledge about other species and how they communicate,” says Mann. “I would be really interested to see whether dolphins also change their sounds when interacting with babies of others, which is what happens in humans.”8．What do the underlined words “this mystery ”refer to in paragraph 2?A．Why dolphins live and play in groups.B．How dolphins develop their unique sounds.C．What aspects of intelligence dolphins possess.D．Whether dolphins can use parentese like humans.9．How did the researchers carry out their study of dolphins?A．By analyzing mother dolphins’ sound features.B．By recording parent-child interaction frequency.C．By measuring the distance between parent and child.D．By examining the speech organs of mother dolphins.10．What is a suggested reason why dolphin mothers use parentese with their young?A．To help them learn to talk.B．To teach them hunting skills.C．To express worry and care.D．To distract their attention.11．What is the purpose of the text?A．To compare the parentese of humans and dolphins.B．To illustrate the development of dolphin intelligence.C．To share new findings about dolphin communication.D．To highlight the value of studying dolphins’ language.There’s a classic short story in which a young man travels years ahead and meets his future self. Narratives like this have always been related to science fiction. But what if you could meet your future self?I’m a psychologist and professor. My research over the past 15 years isn’t far from this theme. I’ve largely focused on how people think about and relate to their future selves, and explored the reasons why we have such a hard time making long-term decisions. In my research, I’ve learnt that we often imagine our future selves like strangers, which can impede us in making long-term choices. One way to bridge the emotional gap is to think of future selves in more concrete and vivid ways, like writing letters to and from one’s future self, which can strengthen the connection between current and future selves.Admittedly, having people engage in an imagined conversation is a far cry from actually meeting one’s future self. But it’s believed that far richer interactions may happen in the near future through artificial intelligence (AI). It wouldn’t be predicting exactly what choices you’d make. It’d be more about showing your potential, based on the lives of people similar to you: not just one possible life for you, but rather, the most possible life path for you. Such interactions could offer valuable insights into our potential future selves.So, to return to my original question: if you could time-travel to meet your future self, what aspects of your life would you want to know more about? I realized, through thorough reflections, that the most powerful questions would be ones that helped me make better choices today —questions exploring personal growth, regrets and unfulfilled actions.Actually, you don’t need to wait for time travel or advanced AI for answers that you can act on. Through my research, I’ve learnt that simply taking a bit of time to picture this meeting can help you make better choices now. All you need is a little imagination, and the willingness to put yourself in the shoes of a person you currently treat as a stranger.12．Why is it difficult for people to make long-term decisions according to the author?A．Technology for time travel is not available.B．Strangers cannot help with decision-making.C．Writing letters to one’s future self is impractical.D．People find it hard to connect with their distant selves.13．What does the underlined phrase “a far cry from” mean in paragraph 3?A．contradictory to B．very different fromC．not as convenient as D．less popular than14．Which question would the author most likely ask his future self?A．Why hasn’t my hard work ever paid off?B．What can AI do to help people become better persons?C．If given the chance, what would you have done differently?D．How can I succeed without going through all the difficulties in life?15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A．Time travel: What if you met your future self?B．My research: How do people view their future selves?C．Emotional gap: Why can’t we talk with our future selves?D．Artificial intelligence: Is it possible to meet your future self?Physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman developed a clever learning method known as the Feynman Technique. It involves explaining what you're learning to others. By teaching what you’ve learned from memory, you engage in active recall. 16 It also ensures that you understand the topic, because you can only explain an idea if you truly understand it. The technique consists of four repeatable steps.To begin, choose a concept or topic you wish to fully understand. 17 The more interested you are, the faster you’ll grasp it. Moreover, a personally interesting topic will keep you motivated and engaged.18 Write notes and explain it in a way that makes sense to a five-year-old. If you’d rather avoid actually teaching someone, you can just teach it to an imaginary audience. But it works much better if you use a real person. They’ll be able to let you know when something isn’t clear.While teaching you may discover gaps in your understanding. 19 Review yournotes, reread books, or seek external help to ensure you have a complete understanding of the context before moving forward.Now that you fully grasp the concept, test your understanding by trying to teach it to another person. This will help you identify any remaining areas of uncertainty you need to revisit.The Feynman Technique is a great way for kids and grown-ups to learn. 20 You need to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else. However, with great efforts in mastering this method, you’ll see your learning results improve quicker than ever before.A．It is mentally demanding.B．This helps the information stick in your mind better.C．Teach it to a five-year-old, who would give you direct feedback.D．Your curiosity about it will determine the pace of your learning.E．Once you have chosen a topic, you can teach it to someone else.F．Active engagement plays a key role in promoting deeper learning.G．When this happens, refer back to the original material for the missing pieces.二、完形填空I was heading home after giving my colleague a lift. I took a 21 as the snowstorm was approaching.Then the snow started and was coming down 22 . Within minutes I was in a whiteout.The windows were 23 and getting covered with snow, so I slowed down and rolled down my driver's side window, thinking I could better 24 the road edge and keep to a straight line. But really, I had no 25 where I was. I stopped and kept the car running to stay 26 . I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night.The call left me in 27 . Breathe, I told myself. An idea occurred to me. I 28 my location online and explained what I was 29 , wishing for anyone to come to my rescue. Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post. I got a 30 from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby. I had never been more 31 .Then I saw a big 32 in the dark. He had walked about 500 metres to get me,33 the wind and snow each step of the way. “You’ll be OK. Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the 34 . I drove slowly behind him. When we reached his house,I burst into tears of 35 .21．A．shortcut B．turn C．look D．risk 22．A．soon B．fast C．lightly D．suddenly 23．A．locked B．closed C．frozen D．broken 24．A．follow B．cover C．mark D．remember 25．A．plan B．clue C．doubt D．problem 26．A．awake B．calm C．warm D．still 27．A．confusion B．trouble C．embarrassment D．panic 28．A．confirmed B．found C．posted D．checked 29．A．looking at B．going through C．searching for D．carrying out 30．A．tip B．comment C．like D．message 31．A．inspired B．relieved C．convinced D．amazed 32．A．policeman B．creature C．shadow D．figure 33．A．fighting B．avoiding C．checking D．reporting 34．A．goal B．danger C．depth D．direction 35．A．hope B．love C．gratitude D．pride三、语法填空36．What a city —— a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that (occur) in 1906. (所给词的适当形式填空)37．After a great deal of effort, she finally succeeded moving it to the side of the street. (用适当的词填空)38．Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility (keep) their neighbors from harm? (所给词的适当形式填空)39．The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi (play) a key role. (所给词的适当形式填空)40．In the same year, gold was discovered near San Francisco, started a gold rush.(用适当的词填空)41．Celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth . (用适当的词填空) 42．(historic), Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period. (所给词的适当形式填空)43．He spoke slowly to make himself (understand). (所给词的适当形式填空)44．I’d like to make a (complain) about the noise. (所给词的适当形式填空)45．We can take part in wide range of activities after school.（用适当的词填空）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
广东省惠州中学2022-2023学年高一下学期年级期中考试试题 英语
惠州中学高一年级期中考试英语（科目）试卷第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
ARave-on!How about learning new skills on the guitar, drums and keyboard by video? Follow the touch-screen instructions to find lessons on each instrument, or search for a song to practice playing along to. Try our Professional Selection, with video clips of band members who will explain the techniques that make their recordings so individual.Show-in-a-day!Be a star singer or dancer for the day in a one-time-only special performance! Experts in international music and dance styles will train you, and costumes provided for the performance help create a really special, individual show. Get your friends and family to come and see you perform, as no videoing or photography is allowed.Archived-ImagesWant to find out about a new band, or just want more information about an old favourite? Visit our collection to find out facts and figures, or see the actual possessions of famous bands and musicians you are interested in. You can actually get to touch things worn on stage at major rock and pop events, and there are plenty of other concert souvenirs.Rhythm-studioGet your body moving in the studio and learn to move to rhythms (节奏) and sounds from the past to now, including Soul and Disco. Learn your steps from our professional onscreen dance instructor, then watch your performance and become the star in your own video recording which you can take away!1. James likes collecting information about his favourite bands, which will he choose?A. Rave-on!B. Show-in-a-day!C. Archived-Images.D. Rhythm-studio.2. In what way is Rhythm-studio different from Show-in-a-day?A. Rhythm-studio offers free gifts from musicians.B. Rhythm-studio has experts to teach face to face.C. Rhythm-studio allows people to bring videos home.D. Rhythm-studio gets family members to enjoy the shows.3. Where can you most probably read the above information?A. In a newspaper.B. In a report.C. In a science magazine.D. In a travel brochure.BAt 12, my father decided to take me on a trip to France. I had never been out of the country before, so I was very excited. My aunt, my father and I went around with my father showing us all the unbelievable sites in Paris. None of us spoke much French but we loved the city.We had taken the subway all over the city and were congratulating ourselves on our mastering what is honestly an excellent subway design that is pretty easy to follow. We decided to visit Versailles by train. We chatted happily along the way until my father realized we were far into the French countryside and no one around spoke English.We reached the end of the line and felt afraid when everyone finally left the train. An old man and his grandchild noticed us and came to help. He spoke no English, so in broken French we tried to explain. When he finally understood, this great man settled his grandson and showed us to the correct train and then boarded with us.Later we knew the truth that there was a train transfer (转乘) and he didn't want us to miss it. This kind man rode a train for an hour and a half out of his way to make sure that three Americans got where they wanted to be. He refused to let us pay for his ticket. He did it all with a gentle smile and patted our hands gently at the stop. Then in his quiet way, he boarded the train to return the way he had come.What impressed me most was the man and his kindness during the amazing trip. Some Americans think the French are rude for some reason, but I always try to persuade them to change their minds with this very story.4. What happened to the author and his family on the train?A. They couldn't understand the signs of the train.B. They failed to get off the train at the right time.C. They had different opinions about where to go first.D. They found it hard to communicate with the French.5. How did the man help the author and his family?A. He paid for their train tickets.B. He showed them the returning way.C. He invited them to travel together.D. He led them to their place.6. Which of the following can best describe the last paragraph?A. Seeing is believing.B. Being kind is a good manner.C. Travelling enriches one's life.D. Helping others brings great pleasure.7. What's the purpose of the author's writing the text?A. To explain an unexpected problem.B. To list the unbelievable sites in Paris.C. To share an unforgettable foreign experience.D. To show the importance of mastering a foreign language.CFresh fruit juice has become increasingly popular in many diets - especially among those consumers who are pressed for time and concerned about their health. Fruit juice has also been linked to beliefs that it can help people lose weight. But is juicing really as healthy as we think?A recent study reveals hard truths about fruit juice.All fruits contain sugars and don’t see m to have harmful effects unless they contribute to extra daily calories. This is because the fiber (纤维) which is found in whole fruit is undamaged, and the sugar is contained within the fruit’s cells. It takes our digestive system a while to break these cells down and for sugar to enter the bloodstream.This is not the case with fruit juice. Different from whole fruit, the natural sugar in fruit juice counts as “free sugars”, just like honey and added sugars. With the fiber removed, fruit juice’s sugar is absorbed more quickly. A sudden rise of blood sugar causes the pancreas (胰腺) to release insulin (胰岛素) to bring it back down to a normal level. Over time, this system can wear out, increasing the risk of developing type-2 diabetes (糖尿病).In 2013, after analysing the health data of 100,000 people collected between 1986 and 2009, researchers found that fruit juice consumption was linked with increased risk of type-2 diabetes. They’ve concluded that even when fruit juice is similar in the nutrition (营养) to whole fruit, fruit juice leads to faster and larger changes in insulin levels since liquids pass through the stomach faster than solids.“Although fruit juice is better than no fruit at all, there are lots of limits,” said Dr.Amy Smith, professor of medicine a t the University of Virginia. “It particularly comes with risks when we consume more than 150 ml of free sugars per day, or when it puts us over our recommended calorie intake. It provides us with vitamins - but fruit juice is far from a quick fix.”8. What leads to the increasing fruit juice popularity?A. Experts’ recommendation.B. Its obvious medical effects.C. Its assumed benefits to health.D. People’s improved life quality.9. Why is whole fruit healthier?A. It provides better nutrition.B. Its fiber slows sugar absorption.C. It protects our digestive system.D. Its fiber helps remove extra sugar.10. How did researchers draw the conclusion in 2013?A. By observing the blood sugar level.B. By comparing liquid and solidintake.C. By analysing previously collected data.D. By interviewing type-2 diabetespatients.11. What is Dr. Smith’s attitude to fruit juice?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Objective.D. Unclear.DThe success of Blue Origin’s space tourism flights has caused concerns among the public. Many say it is a rich person’s game that is unnecessary when Earth badly needs help.For Jane Smith, co-founder of Space View, the industry is not preventing Earth from help, but helping its residents better understand their world.“Space exploration has played an important role in forming our understanding of our planet,” Smith said in an interview. “The most downloaded image in history is Earthrise that was taken in 1968 by Apollo astronauts as they circled the moon. Taking the photo was not on their schedule of activities but they were so struck by the scene that they rushed to record it. That one photograph helped humanity see Earth as a planet in space, and inspired an environmental movement.”Space View, founded in 2019, is a firm using a giant balloon to send humans into the stratosphere (平流层). It is designing a luxurious capsule (豪华太空舱) that fits six passengers, who can relax in seats or enjoy a snack while flying 20 miles above Earth.Smith explained that eventually, millions of people will have exciting space experience. Tickets for a ride through Space View currently run $125,000 a seat, but Smith said the “long-term vision is to bring the price down significantly”. “A ticket price of, say, $30,000—$840,000 would make the space trip affordable to many millions of people,” she added.When asked about the public comments, Smith answered, “When people visit space and experience our Earth from that fantastic point, they connect deeply with our planet and the singular human family that inhabits it. It broadens their perspective (视角) and they return with a deepened understanding of social and environmental causes.”12. What do the public think of Blue Origin’s space tourism fights?A. Successful.B. Inspiring.C. Beneficial.D. Costly.13. Why does Jane Smith mention the photo of Earthrise?A. To review the history of the photo.B. To express respects to Apollo astronauts.C. To remind people of the beauty of the space.D. To explain the significance of space exploration.14. What do we know about Space View?A. It has made much money from space tourism.B. It aims to make space tourism popular.C. It plays a part in Blue Origin’s flights.D. It has sent six passengers into space.15. What would be the best title of the passage?A. Is Space Tourism a Rich Person’s Game?B. Can Everyone Experience Space Tourism?C. Why Should the Public Know about Space?D. How Has Space Tourism Developed Rapidly?第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2022-2023学年上海市上海中学高一下学期期中考试英语试卷含详解
上海中学2022学年第二学期期中考试英语试卷I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which!one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Husband and wife. B.Boss and assistant.C.Nurse and patient.D.Manager and customer.2.A.At a post office. B.At a flower shop.C.At a department store.D.At a bus station.3.A.He is unemployed at present. B.He owns a company now.C.He still works in the agency.D.He is unable to support his family.4.A.At10:00. B.At10:20. C.At11:00. D.At11:20.5.A.Satisfied. B.Relieved. C.Surprised. D.Excited.6.A.The woman didn’t post any postcard from Egypt.B.The man has never collected any postcards.C.The woman will go to Egypt for her holiday.D.The man begins to take up collecting postcards.7.A.She can’t afford that much for a trip.B.She is fortunate to have made a lot of money.C.She doesn’t think5,000dollars is enough for the trip.D.She considers5,000dollars only a small sum of money.8.A.He wants to buy the new car. B.He thinks his signature is necessary.C.He has already signed a contract.D.He doesn’t always say what he means.9.A.The man had poor imagination because of the car accident.B.The man must have advised the woman to wear the seat belt.C.The woman was likely to have got seriously injured in the car accident.D.The woman wasn’t wearing the seat belt when the accident happened.10.A.Violence sports are the source of social instability.B.Violence sports are to blame for crime and school bullying.C.Violence sports serve as an escape for negative emotions.D.Violence sports won’t attract many people’s interest in the long run.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages,and you will be asked several questions on the conversation and each of the passages.The conversation and the passages will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions LI through13are based on the following passage.11.A.To explain a new requirement for graduation.B.To interest students in a community service projectC.To discuss the problems of elementary school students.D.To involve elementary school teachers in a special program.12.A.Providing jobs for graduating students.B.Helping education majors prepare for final exams.C.Offering tutorials(辅导材料)to elementary school students.D.Funding for a community service project.13.A.He teaches part-time in a local elementary school.B.He observes elementary school students in the classroom.C.He helps students who need consult prepare their resume.D.He gives support to students who participate in a special program.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.They want to eat in a fashionable way like young people.B.They prefer to eat food that is tastier and more widely accepted.C.They become aware of the harm processed foods do to health.D.They try to change their way of processing foods little by little.15.A.They contain not too many chemical additives.B.They are cultivated in the soil rich in organic matters.C.They produce as many calories as processed foods.D.They are usually grown in commercial farming areas.16.A.They are allowed to move about and eat freelyB.They are tasty though kept in the crowded bundingC.They can hardly grow in a healthy way without good food.D.They produce eggs which usually contain important vitaminsQuestions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.It was on a cross street. B.They had no time to see it.C.It had no parking space.D.They weren’t in favor of it.18.A.It is too small in size. B.It blocks the air-conditioner.C.It admits heat from the late afternoon sun.D.It stops the sun beating down on the curtains.19.A.Parking and desk space. B.Parking and air-conditioning.C.Privacy and cleanliness.D.A cheerful kitchen and a separate dining area.20.A.The one on68th Street. B.The one on72nd Street.C.The one on88th Street.D.The one on80th Street.Ⅱ.Grammar and VocabularySection A:Multiple choicesDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1.________8.4on the Richter scale,the earthquake________left thousands of people homeless.A.Measured,happenedB.Measured,happeningC.Measuring,that happenedD.Measuring,to happen2.According to the study’s lead author,the finding is________there isn’t just one single health-related consequence of consuming coffee,________that the reality is more complicated than that.A./,inB.that,/C./,providedD.that,but3.The great majority of research on the topic has been observational,________we just look at________happens to people who do and don’t drink coffee.A.meant;whichB.meaning;whatC.which meant;whatD.meaning;which4.________a better idea of coffee’s immediate health effects,the authors found100healthy adults________39on average.A.To get,agingB.Having got,agedC.To get,agedD.Getting,aging5.Spring________still nearly a month away,the________students are likely to get back soon.A.is,remainingB.being,remainingC.is,remainedD.being,remained6.________you have access to stairs,there are numerous exercises you can do________just two stairs.A.Unless,to useB.While,usingC.If,usingD.When,use7.When stretching your legs or arm muscles,you can use the stability of your central core muscles to ensure the rest of the body________in proper alignment(排成直线).A.to stayB.stayingC.stayedD.stays8.The expert gives patients this idea________they need to walk30minutes a day,but a lot of arthritis patients fear to exercise________they may find doing so initially painful.A.which,whenB.that,asC./,becauseD.that,so9.Bear in mind________there is a will there is a way,so it is never too late to start so long as you are________ready to give yourself an opportunity.A.that;soB.where;tooC.that where;tooD.that if;so10.Some experts say that________to a variety of foods without pesticides(农药)is especially important throughout childhood.A.exposingB.exposedC.having been exposedD.being exposed11.Although masks can reduce the transmission of COVID-19,we should turn to healthier lifestyle choices________decrease the risks of heart disease.A.in order thatB.such as toC.so as toD.so that12.It has been10years________I read an interesting book about dietary supplements.I found it particularly beneficial before________other practical suggestions.A.before,givingB.since,being givenC.after,givingD.since,given13.Pie,pita,torta,tarte.________it’s called,the idea applies across the globe because everyone loves a piece of filled,________goodness.A.However,bakedB.No matter how,bakingC.No matter what,bakedD.Whatever,baking14.Classic American apple and cherry varieties might be the first dishes________to mind________the word“pie”is mentioned.A.to come,whening,provided thatC.that came,whenD.to come,on the grounds that15.Considering the tight schedule,I decided to accept his advice on me________a couple of hours’sleep on the plane.A.to grabB.having grabbedC.grabbingD.grabbed16.The show will________this week at the Moscone Center in San Francisco.Shall we have dinner together after watching the show?A.bounce awayB.leave offC.hang outD.kick offually,I feel exhausted after a tiring day so when I get home I like to________on the sofa and listen to music.A.collapseB.breatheC.embraceD.bend18.Concerned about the worst drought on record,the farmers________the government for help.A.turned overB.crowded outC.appealed toD.knocked down19.You can imagine how many people must have sacrificed their precious lives in the________of the American West considering the unfavorable conditions at that time.A.entertainmentB.measurementC.arrangementD.settlement20.It was a pity that he was________in the selection process for the director of the admissions office.He had been hoping for the position for a long time.A.sliced offB.passed overC.settled downD.crowded aroundSection B:VocabularyDirection:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.shortB.flavorC.specificallyD.impressiveE.efficientlyAB.emphasis AC.stuck AD.involved AE.consumed BC.impactBD.declineThere’s no cure or proven way to prevent dementia(痴呆),but a number of studies have said that following a Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of developing the condition.The Mediterranean diet has a(n)____21____list of science behind it.This way of eating can prevent cognitive(认知的)____22____but also help the heart,reduces diabetes,prevent bone loss,encourage weight loss and more,studies have found.A study published on March8revealed people who____23____foods from the Mediterranean and brain-focused MIND diets had fewer of the typical signs of Alzheimer’s.The MIND diet is____24____for Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay.The Mediterranean diet focuses on plant-based cooking.The majority of each meal should be fruits and vegetables, whole grains,beans and seeds,along with a few nuts.There is a heavy____25____on extra-virgin(特级初榨的)olive oil.Meat can make a rare appearance and usually only to____26____a dish.Instead,meals may include eggs,dairy and poultry,but in much smaller portions than in the traditional Western diet.Participants who____27____most closely to the diet were more likely to be female,have a BMI within the healthy range,have a higher educational level,and be more physically active than those with lower persistence in the diet.David Curtis,an honorary professor at UCL Genetics Institute in London,who was not____28____in the research, noted that the latest study was observational and did not uncover cause and effect.The finding could reflect a generally more healthy lifestyle,he said.“It is not clear that such a diet itself reduces dementia risk,although it is reasonable that it might do so.It is important to note that the study concerns all forms of dementia,not____29____Alzheimer’s disease.In my opinion,if there is an effect of diet then it is more likely to be on cardiovascular(心血管的)health in general and hence to_____30_____ dementia due to disease of blood vessels rather than Alzheimer’s disease.”Ⅲ.Reading ComprehensionSection A:ClozeDirection:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.February is an exciting month for our Courageous Kitchen(CK)!One of our founders,Dwight Turner will be speaking at the press conference this week.The event is hosted by the Thailand Authority of Tourism(TAT).Here’s a peek into TAT’s interview with Dwight,where he discusses starting Courageous Kitchen,and____31____his personal passion for food with his mission to feed and educate more children in Bangkok.1.How did you start CK and what is your____32____?Courageous Kitchen began because I was looking for a way to____33____in my free time,but I didn’t know what to do.When a friend invited me to help teach English in a few poorer communities,I fell in love with it.Gradually I wanted to ____34____more and more.Later when I moved outside of the city center,we had space for a kitchen and I began to combine my two____35____. Quickly we learned that the kitchen is a great classroom.Students who were shy about speaking English suddenly had____36____,an application,and an urgency to speak in the kitchen.As their language skills improved,so did their____37____.2.Why do you use food as a medium to help you achieve your goals?I love to eat and Bangkok is full of food and food enthusiasts.So it’s a great way to get people’s attention and bring them together for a____38____.This is true even when it may seem like we don’t have anything____39____.We may speak a different language,have different skin color,but when we sit at the table together,we share and learn about each other.3.What do you think of Thai food?What makes Thai cuisine outstanding to you?I love Thai food because of the_____40_____of influences on the cuisine.There is such a significant Indian influence, the Chinese influence is probably the strongest,and there’s an interesting impact from the hill tribes and neighboring countries in the region as well.4.Why are you interested in helping society,and helping underprivileged kids in Bangkok?As a Black American I was raised with a strong sense of social_____41_____that all people are valuable,and that all people should be treated equally.Until this becomes a(n)_____42_____,we have a lot of work to do to create a better future for today’s kids.That’s true all over the world,but trying to solve global problems can seem_____43_____.That’swhy it’s best to start by being the change we want to see in our local communities.5.As a nonprofit,what do you expect to get in return for you work?As a nonprofit,my job is challenging but_____44_____every day.It’s a challenge to captivate people’s attention long enough to sympathize with people in need,and convince them to take action._____45_____,seeing students,who may have never been in a real restaurant before,imagining themselves as chefs,speaking English more confidently,and becoming leaders in their families is a pretty great reward.31.A.challenging B.appealing C.encountering D.connecting32.A.interest B.objective C.reason D.appetite33.A.give back B.look out C.hang on D.break out34.A.grab B.crush C.contribute D.insist35.A.opinions B.experiences C.hobbies D.passions36.A.situation B.context C.practice D.activity37.A.relief B.belief C.confidence D.breath38.A.union B.strategy C.gathering D.purpose39.A.in mind B.in hand C.in common D.in pocket40.A.liberation B.diversity C.freedom D.isolation41.A.justice B.responsibility C.judgement D.shock42.A.means B.reality C.interpretation D.argument43.A.boring B.inviting C.overwhelming D.disappointing44.A.appealing B.rewarding C.convincing D.pleasing45.A.However B.Furthermore C.Consequently D.ThereforeSection B:Reading comprehensionDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)For38-year-old Justin Herald,the journey to wealth began one Sunday morning at a church in Sydney's northwest, when he was involved in a quarrel with a member of the church choir."You have an attitude problem,"she told him.The accusation sparked something in him,and he borrowed$50from his brother to have four T-shirts printed with the slogan:"I don't have an attitude problem;you have a perception problem.""It was the best$50I ever spent,"laughs Herald.By the end of the morning,he had sold three of the four T-shirts.With the money he made,he had another six printed,then12,then24."That first year the earning were$98,000,"he says.His business,Attitude Inc.,is now a multi-million-dollar company with a wide range of products selling in3,500storesacross Australia.His business was due to not just clever marketing-the public loved the slogan-but also he has to admit that in those days there was very little competition in his sector of the clothing industry,and he was in the right place at the right time.The media spotlight also helped,with people paying attention to Herald's likeable personality and infections passion for his business:the night of one TV appearance,187stores rang to get his products into their stores.Herald sold the business three years ago,by which time it was turning over$30million a year,and now spends his time as a motivational speaker.His message:anyone can be financially successful if they set their mind to it."You have to have a lot of stickability,because not everything is going to work the way you plan it."Still living in Castle Hill with his wife and two children,Herald believes too many successful people become caught up in the trappings of wealth."I have lived here since I left school at16,"he says."In this area,you don't forget where you came from."46.Why does Herald think it was the best$50he ever spent?A.Because that sum of money covered the cost of four T-shirtB.Because that sum of money showed his accusation was wrong.C.Because he received that sum of money when he was in need.D.Because he gained more than expected from that sum of money.47.According to Herald,the success of his business resulted from_________.A.good timing and cooperationB.business sense and luckC.fierce competition and passionD.family background and motivation48.The underlined word"stickability"（paragraph6）is closest in meaning to_________.petenceB.conscienceC.persistenceD.fortune49.The best title for the passage might be_________A.Attitude Pays OffB.No Bravery,No GainsC.Start a BusinessD.Never Too Old to Challenge Yourself(B)In Factfulness,Professor Hans Roslingasks raisesquestions like‘How many girls finish school?’and‘Whatpercentage of the world’s population is poor?’It turns out thatthe majority of us get the answers to these questionscompletely wrong.Why does this happen?Factfulness sets outto explain why,showing that there are several human instinctsthat distort(扭曲)our perspective.This book focuses on ourinstinctive biases(偏见),offering practical advice to help us see the good as well as the bad in the world.Are things getting worse every day?Is progress an impossible goal?In Enlightenment Now,Steven Pinker looks at the big picture of human progress and finds good news.We are living longer,healthier,freer and happier lives.Pinker asks us to stop paying so much attention to negative headlines and news that declares the end of the world.Instead,he shows us some carefully selected data.In75surprising graphs,we see that safety,peace,knowledge and health are getting better all over the world.Economic inequality,he claims,is not really a problem,because it is not actually that important for human well-being.For more than two hundred years those who hold negative thoughts have been winning the public debate.They tell us that things are getting worse.But as a matter of fact,life is getting better.Income,food availability and lifespan are rising; disease,violence and child mortality are falling.Best-selling author Matt Ridley doesn’t only explain how things are getting better;he gives us reasons why as well.He shows us how human culture evolves in a positive direction thanks to the exchange of ideas and specialization.This bold book looks at the entirety of human history-from the Stone Age to the21st century—and changes the concept that it’s all going downhill.The majority of people believe that developing countries are in a terrible situation:suffering from incredible poverty and wars.The reality is that a great transformation is occurring. Over the past20years,more than700million people have increased their income and come out of poverty.This is happening across developing countries around the world.In his book The Great Surge,Stevens Radelet describes how all ofthis is happening and,more importantly,it shows us how wecan speed up the process.50.What is the common feature of the four books?A.They focus on the present situations concerning developing countries.B.They emphasize the importance of dealing with problems in poor countries.C.They try to direct readers to a positive path in terms of human development.D.They appeal to show more sympathy and understanding for poor countries.51.Which author supports his arguments by providing factual evidence?A.Hans Roslingasks.B.Steven Pinker.C.Matt Ridley.D.Stevens Radelet.52.Which of the following can be a possible title for Book3?A.The Rational Optimist.B.Human History:Where Are We?C.A Public Debate.D.Out of Povetty:What and How?(C)From Smells to SoundtracksWhen a young sawfly,a bee-like insect,is threatened by its attackers like ants,it emits a mixture of unpleasant smells to defend itself.These emissions can seriously annoy a potential enemy.Scientists wanting to study these smelly compounds—to understand which aspects of them discourage attackers and why—face great challenges.Meetups between sawflies and ants in a lab are difficult to carry out.There are also a very limited quantity of the insects’emissions.On the side,Jean-Luc Boevé,a zoologist who studies insects,from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences,is an amateur musician and composer.He decided to try a different way—the sound approach.“To be honest,I considered this project so unpractical myself that I set it aside,”he said.It was months before Boevéand his partner,Rudi Giot,finally made a resolution to get started on it.They chose16sawfly species’emissions to translate into sounds.First,they figured out which molecules(分子)were present in each smelly compound and in what amounts.Then they assigned various characteristics of those molecules matching properties of sound.For example,smaller molecules like a kind of acid found in vinegar,a sour-tasting liquid, evaporate(挥发)quickly,so Boevéand Giot assigned them sounds with higher pitch(音高).Larger molecules were given lower-pitched sounds.In all,the scientists created individual audio descriptions for20molecules.Then they combined the sounds of each molecule present in a sawfly’s smell to construct the insect’s soundtrack.If a molecule was of higher proportion in an emission,they assigned it a higher volume.In such a case,the smaller a molecule is,the higher its pitch will be;and the higher the proportion of a molecule is,the higher its volume will be.To test out the audio descriptions they created,Boevéand Giot examined people’s reactions to the soundtracks andcompared them to ants’reactions to the original smells.They played the16emission soundtracks and the20molecule sounds through speakers to about50study participants.Then the scientists measured how far people backed up to get to a “comfortable position”away from the noise.Most of the study volunteers told the researchers that the high pitch,as well as the high volume,was what made them withdraw.“Ants and volunteers moved away from a chemical and its matching soundtrack respectively,”the researchers wrote.Boevésaid he hoped the process would give other zoologists a new way to compare sawflies’chemical defenses with those from other insects.It may also offer researchers clues about which molecules fight off enemies most.53.What do we know about Boevéfrom paragraph2?A.He was devoted to the research for several months.B.He started a new approach after months’hesitation.C.He came up with a creative idea thanks to a composer.D.He was faced with difficulties in studying rare sawflies.54.What can be concluded in terms of the sound approach?A.The volume of sounds is based on the proportion of molecules.B.Smaller molecules and lower pitch share similar characteristics.C.Audio descriptions of the molecules can be divided into16kinds.D.Participants were required to compare the sounds with the smells.55.From paragraphs4and5,we can learn that________.A.the soundtracks are more than what humans are likely to bearB.the ants dislike the sounds as much as humans hate the smellsC.humans’reactions to the sounds resemble ants’responses to the smellsD.other zoologists are looking for innovative ways of studying molecules56.This passage is mainly intended to________.A.explain ways to transfer smells into soundtracksB.introduce research on sawfly’s effect on humansC.demonstrate a scientific study on insects’smellsD.test out people’s reaction to various soundtracks(D)A recent study published in the journal Science Advances has revealed that the United States ranks as high as third among countries contributing to coastal plastic pollution.The new research challenges the once-held assumption that the US is adequately“managing”its plastic waste.A previous study using2010data that did not account for plastic waste exports had ranked the US20th,globally,in its contribution to ocean plastic pollution.Using plastic waste generation(产生)data from2016—the latest available global numbers—scientists calculated that more than half of all plastics collected for recycling(1.99million tons of3.91million tons collected)in the US were shipped abroad.Of this,88%of exports went to countries struggling to effectively manage plastics;and between15-25% was low-value or contaminated(受污染的).It means it was unrecyclable.Taking these factors into account,the researchers estimated that up to1million tons of US-generated plastic waste ended up polluting the environment beyond its own borders.Using2016data,the paper also estimated that between0.91and1.25million tons of plastic waste generated in the US was either littered or illegally dumped into the environment bined with waste exports,this means the US contributed up to2.25million tons of plastics into the environment.Of this,up to1.5million tons of plastics ended up in coastal environments.This ranks the US as high as third globally in contributing to coastal plastic pollution.“The US generates the most plastic waste of any other country in the world,but rather than looking the problem in the eye,we have outsourced it to developing countries,”said Nick Mallos,senior director of Ocean Conservancy’s Trash Free Seas program and a co-author of the study.“The solution has to start at home.We need to create less,by cutting out unnecessary single-use plastics;we need to create better,by developing innovative new ways to package and deliver goods; and where plastics are inevitable,we need to greatly improve our recycling rates.”“Previous research has provided global values for plastic input into the environment and coastal areas,but detailed analyses like this one are important for individual countries to further assess their contributions,”said Dr.Jenna Jambeck, Distinguished Professor at the University of Georgia’s College of Engineering and a co-author of the study.“In the case of the United States,it is critically important that we examine our own backyard and take responsibility for our global plastic footprint.”pared with the previous study,the new one________.A.covers data more comprehensivelyB.excludes plastic waste shipped abroadC.is contrary to the latest global numbersD.challenges the recycling way of plastics58.According to2016data,what can be learned about the plastic waste generated in the US?A.Over half of it ended up polluting the environment outside the US.B.Most of its exported plastic waste wasn’t worth recycling.C.Less than half of it was actually recycled domestically.D.More of it is littered or illegally dumped than exported.59.It is implied by Nick Mallos that________.A.plastic pollution in developing countries is more serious has been irresponsible in dealing with its plastic waste。
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下学期高一期中考试英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15.B. £ 9. 18.C. £ 9. 15.答案是C。
1. When does the woman usually have breakfast?A. Around 7:00.B. Around 8:00.C. Around 9:00.2. What does the woman want the man to do?A. Study for a test.B. Help with her work.C. See a movie with her.3. What does the man think of the goalkeeper?A. Important.B. Weak.C. Skilled.4. What does the woman decide to do this afternoon?A. See a movie.B. Look after a shop.C. Buy a pair of glasses.5. What do the speakers talk about?A. A neighbor.B. A baseball game.C. Health services.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答6、7题。
6. What musical instrument does the man’s sister play?A. The violin.B. The guitar.C. The piano.7. What does the man mean in the end?A. The woman plays the guitar well.B. The woman sings better than him.C. The woman has little talent for music.听第7段材料，回答8、9题。
8. What problem does the boy from Haiti have?A. He was sick yesterday.B. He didn’t pass his English exam.C. He has difficulty communicating with others. 9. How does the woman feel about the boy’s progress?A. Excited.B. Surprised.C. Calm.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Brother and sister.B. Schoolmates.C. Teacher and student.11. What makes the woman find it difficult to study at Oxford?A. The learning style.B. Large classes.C. Heavy work.12. What has the man been encouraged to do at school?A. Answer questions.B. Give opinions.C. Memorize a lot.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How much does the man have to pay to join the club?A. £1.50.B. £2.C. £5.14. Why does Video Club hold a meeting?A. To send out a list of films.B. To introduce films from abroad.C. To collect information on popular films.15. What films are most people interested in?A. American films.B. British films.C. Australian films.16. How will the man get the form?A. He’ll have it by post.B. He’ll pick it up himself.C. He’ll get it from the club’s website.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why is the speaker giving this talk?A. To welcome new students.B. To invite students to a party.C. To correct the mistakes on invitations.18. What will be held to welcome new students?A. A lunch party.B. A dancing party.C. A dinner party.19. How long will the party last?A. About three hours.B. About four hours.C. About seven hours.20. What does the speaker say about Smith Street?A. It is very long.B. It is under repair.C. It is crowded.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AChallenge Escape Rooms Wednesday, Apr 3, 11:00 am $8.00 — $12.00Challenge Escape Rooms is a fun, interactive game that requires quick thinking, communication and teamwork. This is a game unlike anything you have played; you and your teammates get locked in a completely themed room for one hour and try to escape the room by using only the materials inside. You will have to complete puzzles and find hidden clues throughout the room in order to succeed.The Underwater Bubble Show Friday, Mar 29, 8:00 pm $10.00Kids and families are invited to dive into an underwater fantasy world Friday during "B-The Underwater Bubble Show". The interactive musical uses technology to create a magical bubble kingdom.Jedi Academy Saturday March 16 at 11 amFirst 100 Adult Tickets sold online are only $12.50 at . Free Children’s Tickets have been distributed to area elementary schools, pre-schools, day care centers, fast food, and convenience stores.During this comedy variety show, little Jedi Warriors, Princesses and Darth Vaders will feel empowered to discover the great Force within their hearts.Garden Bros Circus Monday, Mar 25, 3:30 pm $8.00The Most Epic Show on Earth!This year’s show is packed with breathtaking special effects, concert style sound and lighting and 3 RINGS bursting with excitement, laughter and memories that families will always treasure. The very best performers from over 22 countries make up this action jammed, fast paced 100-minute performance in a Theatrical European 3 RING setting, featuring the Chinese Acrobats(杂技演员), Daring Aerial Artists, Racing camels performing with the largest and smallest horses on EARTH, Jugglers as seen on America’s Got Talent, not enough room to list anymore!!!KIDS FUN ZONE: ride an elephant, a camel, a circus horse, a giant slide, or a bouncy house and the whole family can get their face painted like Spiderman. Come hungry because there’s plenty of food.21. Which event needs the participants work together to enjoy?A. Challenge Escape Rooms.B. The Underwater Bubble Show.C. Jedi Academy.D. Garden Bros Circus.22. When can the young join in an event for free?A. On Wednesday, Apr 3.B. On Friday, Mar 29.C. On Saturday March 16.D. On Monday, Mar 25.23. What can we learn from the event Garden Bros Circus?A. It lasts over two hours.B. It’s aimed at family and kids.C. It is the cheapest of the four events.D. Its performers are from more than 100 countries.BEven though they are only 8 and 5 years old, the Carrico sisters knew something about wilderness survival, having been trained through 4-H, according to the Humboldt County officer. They may have put those skills to use after getting lost during a walk in the woods on Friday afternoon looking for a deer track. Once the girls failed to return to their Benbow home, located in Northern California’s region covered with rocks near the South Fork Eel River, a rescue operation was launched.Two nights passed while a 250-person-strong crew, including dog teams, assisted in the effort to find them. Then by Sunday morning, tracks left by the boot-shod girls led rescuers to the sisters gathered together closely, safe, under a bush. "How they were out there for over 44 hours is pretty amazing," said William Honsal at a Sunday news conference, where the sense of relief was evident and media attendees applauded and shouted "good job" to rescuers. "This is an absolute miracle."Leia, 8, and Caroline, 5, were near Richardson Grove State Park, known for its towering redwoods and wildlife, including bears and mountain lions that have been known to wander there. After realizing they were lost, the girls chose to stay and drink water from huckleberry leaves, officials said, "They were dehydrated(脱水的). They were cold, but they were well," Honsal said, adding that they suffered no apparent injuries and were in good spirits. They were reunited with their family on Sunday morning and were checked out at a medical center. Honsal said the focus was on getting them hydrated, fed and warm again. "We have so many of these kinds of efforts that end up in tears and tragedy, and today we can all shed(流) tears of joy," Humboldt County 2nd District Supervisor Estelle Fennell said at the news conference.24. For what were the sisters lost?A. They avoided walking on the rocks.B. They were trying to find marks of a deer.C. They escaped from being attacked by a bear.D. They checked on their skills in wilderness survival.25. How long did the sisters stay lost in the park?A. Less than 40 hours.B. Nearly three days.C. Almost two days.D. Nearly a week.26. How were the sisters when they were found?A. They were alive but unconscious.B. They were injured seriously.C. They were safe and sound.D. They got separated from each other. 27. What can we learn about the rescuers according to the words Fennell said?A. Their efforts always can’t pay off.B. They often get injured in their work.C. They feel uncertain about their result.D. There are less volunteers involved in their work.CWhen you feel like everyone around you is having more fun and spending more time with friends, it can make you feel bad about yourself — even if it’s not true. A study published by Whillans and her colleagues on Thursday found that 48 percent of college freshmen in their second semester at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver believed that their friends had made more friends than they had since school began. 31 percent felt the opposite."Since social activities, like eating or studying with others, tend to happen in cafes and libraries where they are easily seen, students might overestimate（过高估计）how much their friends are socializing because they don’t see them eating and studying alone," says Frances Chen, the study’s senior author and an assistant professor in the UBC psychology department.A second, smaller study they published at the same time indicates that feeling left out made the students pretty unhappy. This was surprising, Whillans says, because many high-achieving people —i.e. the ones most likely going to college —believe they’re better equipped than their peers to handle challenges. But when peers appear to be doing better socially, that can contribute to feelings that there’s something wrong with us.Greg Walton, a psychologist at Stanford University, studies how to correct the belief that we are alone in our fears of being left out. His work focuses on helping minority students who are underrepresented(代表性不足) in STEM fields to overcome their own fears that they don’t belong, and has showed that doing so helps them improve academically and healthwise. He says Whillans’ study indicates that a lot of people could benefit from things like having older students share stories of how they felt left out socially as freshmen, or encouraging teachers to put criticism of students’work in a more positive way, he says, "Everybody starts in different places. It’s critical (in college) to explore and find new communities and places and new ways to develop. Sometimes that goes faster and sometimes that goes slower."28. What did the first study by the professor Whillans find?A. Less college freshmen feel lonely.B. Less college freshmen don’t like entering a college.C. More students believe their friends are more social.D. More students think their friends’ school began later.29. What does Frances Chen think of students’ loneliness?A. It is out of control.B. It is common among students.C. Many students can handle it.D. It leads to more social activities.30. What does the underlined word "This" in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Students like being left alone.B. People don’t like going to college.C. Students feel upset about missing out.D. Students believe they’re better off than their friends.31. What does Walton suggest students do to fight against feeling lonely?A. Quit their university and find another.B. Improve themselves and leave it behind.C. Be more critical to what happens around them.D. Communicate more about it with their teachers.DResearchers built a small, flexible device that harvests Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and cellular signals, and turns them into direct current electricity. Christopher Intagliata reports.One of the biggest drawbacks to wear a smartwatch is how often you have to take it off to charge it. But here’s an idea. How about charging it with a power source that’s present everywhere nowadays: Wi-Fi? "Wi-Fi signals are all around us and most of them are just wasted." Xu Zhang, an electrical engineer at MIT, writes in the journal Nature. He and his colleagues describe a device, called a "rectenna", designed to catch energy from Wi-Fi signals — and turn it into direct current electricity.The rectenna consists of a small gold antenna(天线) —about the size of an SD card —which translates a variety ofwireless signals —Wi-Fi and Bluetooth —into an AC signal(交流信号). Next, a three-atom-thick layer of molybdenum disulfide( 二硫化钼) changes that AC signal into usable DC electricity. That layer is called a rectifier(整流器). Hit it onto the antenna, and the result is the "rectenna."The device is flexible and, using typical home Wi-Fi signals, it spits out about 40 microwatts. Enough to light up a simple LED display or power a biosensor. It’s not enough juice for power-hungry smartwatches and smartphones just yet. But Xu Zhang says their next goal is to build an array of rectennas to power larger devices.The scientists also predict a smart city where buildings, bridges and highways are decorated with tiny sensors to monitor their structural health, each sensor with its own rectenna, so it never goes dark. "We can in some sense bring intelligence to almost every object around us, and that can enable universal sensing." Because a "smart city" becomes a lot less intelligent when it runs out of juice.32. Which of the following is the biggest disadvantage of wear a smartwatch?A. Monitoring its accuracy.B. Improving Wi-Fi signals.C. Removing and charging it.D. Wasting too much energy.33. What is the rectenna made up of?A. An antenna.B. An SD card.C. A Bluetooth.D. A thick layer of Wi-Fi.34. What will Xu Zhang and his team focus on next?A. Enlarge the new device.B. Build a smart city.C. Invent the tiny sensors.D. Develop a series of the devices.35. What do the scientists think of the "smart city"?A. There the rectenna has a promising future.B. Its buildings need repairing constantly.C. It is powered by those tiny sensors.D. Its citizens enjoy juice very much.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。