一般过去式及被动语态的讲解与练习
初中英语语法：被动语态用法全解及专项习题(附答案)
初中英语语法：被动语态用法全解及专项习题（附答案）被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world.English is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young主动语态变被动语态的变法：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。
注:1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
一般过去时被动语态基本句式(1) 肯定式:主语+ was /were +过去分词+by?It was made in Beijing Ren'ai Education Institute .(2) 否定式:主语+was /were + not +过去分词+ by?She was not given a paniting by him . This question was not discussed at the meeting yesterday .(3) 一般疑问句:Was /Were+主语+过去分词+by ?Was it made of bamboo?(4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑+was/were+过去分词+by?What was it made of ?特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。
一般过去式专项讲解与练习
一般过去式(一)一般过去时的概念一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。
谓语动词要用动词的过去式,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday昨天、last night昨晚、last week上周、last year去年,等。
(二)一般过去时的结构(可分三类不同的结构)1.Be动词的一般过去时am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were肯定句式:主语+ was /were+ 其它.否定句式:主语+ was/were + not + 其它.一般疑问句:was/were+ 主语+ 其它?2.实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do 和does 的过去式did.肯定句式:主语+ 动词(过去式)+ 其它否定句式:主语+ didn’t(did not)+ 动词(原形)+ 其它一般疑问句:Did + 主语+ 动词(原形)+ 其它【do , does的过去时均为did】?注:(1)did和didn’t是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。
(2)实意动词do的一般过去时I do my homework every day.(用yesterday改写句子)I did my homework yesterday.I didn’t do my homework yesterday.(否定句)Did you doyour homework yesterday?Yes ,I did. /No, I didn’t.(一般疑问句)3. 情态动词的一般过去时态肯定句式:主语+ 情态动词+ 其它否定句式:主语+ 情态动词+ not + 其它.一般疑问句:情态动词+ 主语+ 其它?注:情态动词的过去式:can→could , may→might , must→must ,will-would,should-should。
被动语态总结及习题
习 题：主动被动转换
We should allow teenagers to watch TV on Sunday. Teenagers should be allowed to watch TV on Sunday( by us). People may catch fish in the river. Fish may be caught in the river (by people). I can finish the work. Should many more trees be planted by us? Many more trees should be planted by us. The work can be finished by me.
版 come true 实现 break out 爆发 run out 用光，耗尽
课堂练习
1. Look. The ground _i_s_c_o_v_e_r_e_d__（ cover） with white snow. 2. The park is often_c_l_e_a_n_e_d_（ clean） by many volunteers. 3. We_a_r_e_a_s_k_e_d__（ask） to hand in our homework on time
This pen _____smoothly.
A.writes B.write C.is written D.was written
句意为“这支钢笔写起来很流畅”。 write 的主动形式表示被动意义。
注意：（四）无被动
一．不及物动词（rise，happen...） 二．系动词（seem，get，turn，六变化，五感官，三保持） 三．部分短语：take place 发生，break down 损坏，come out 开花，出
一般过去时及其被动语态
一般过去时及其被动语态一．一般过去时：1.用法：(1)一般过去时表示过去某个时间或时间段内发生的动作或存在的状态；常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 1990, before等。
e.g. I visited my grandparents last night.He got up at 6:30 yesterday.⑵一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
e.g. He always went to school by bus last year.I was often late for school before.2. 时间状语（标志词）：(1)last（上一个）+表示时间的单数可数名词(day/month/ week/year等)；e.g. last day昨天= yesterdaylast year去年last week上个周(2)时间段+ ago(以前)，表示“多长时间以前”；e.g. three days ago三天以前；five weeks ago五周前one month ago一个月以前(3) in +过去的年份，表示在哪一年；e.g. in 1998在1998年in 2020在2020年(4)in the past在过去；(5)then = at that moment在那时3.谓语动词形式：(1)be动词: was(am/is的过去时); were(are的过去时)；(2)实义动词：过去式形式：e.g. Tom went to school yesterday.We are classmates three years ago.Everything went well at that moment.4. 一般过去时肯定句转换为否定句，疑问句及疑问句的肯定和否定回答；(1)含有be动词（was/were）的陈述句变为一般疑问句，直接把be 动词提到句首,然后把“.”变“?”即可，其中第一人称I和we要相应的变为第二人称you。
超详细一般过去时的全面讲解【附练习与答案】
一般过去时的全面讲解01、一般过去时的基本结构1. 肯定句形式：主语+动词过去式+其他例： I was an English teacher one year ago. 一年前我是一名英语老师。
I bought a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我买了一条黄裙子。
2. 否定句形式：①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词例：I wasn't an English teacher one year ago. 一年前我不是一名英语老师。
I didn't buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我没买一条黄裙子。
3. 一般疑问句：①was/were提到句首；②Did+主语+动词原形+其他？例：Were you an English teacher one year ago? 一年前你是一名英语老师吗？Did you buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你买了一条黄裙子吗？4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句例：What were you one year ago? 一年前你是做什么的？When did you buy a yellow dress? 你什么时候买了一条黄裙子？02一般过去时的基本用法1. 表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态（与现在无关）。
常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等过去具体时间状语连用。
He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。
What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事？2. 在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。
初中语法被动语态讲解及练习
in French. I cannot read it.
A. writing B. witten C. wrote D. writes
答案B
解析：考查被动语态。句意:信是用法语写的。我看不懂。主语ltter 与谓语动词write之间的逻辑
关系为被动,应用被动语态。故选B。
6，——I want to teach in Tibet when I graduate from the college.
——English, oses C. is used D. has used
答案 C
解析:考查被动语态。根据句意，一在世界上哪个语言是被最广泛使用的?-当然是英语。主语
language与动词use之间是被动的关系,需要用被动语态,故答案为C。
5，The letter is
4，被动语态变化三部曲
主谓结构被动语态的变化 主谓结构:主语+谓语+宾语 例: They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 他们将在会议上讨论这个计划。 The plan will be discussed at the meeting. 这个计划将在会议上讨论。 备注：“主语+谓语+宾语”结构中只有一一个宾语 ,变为被动语态时,将宾语变为主语 主谓双宾结构被动语态的变化 主谓双宾:主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 例1 : We gave the student some books. 我们给了这个学生几本书。 The student was given some books. 这个学生被给了几本书。 例2 : We gave the student some books. Some books were given to the student. 备注：在这个句型中，谓语动词跟有两个宾语。变成被动语态时,一般将通常指人的间接宾语 转化成主语;注意:当指物的直接宾语作被动语态的主语时,通常要在指人的间接宾语前加上适当 的介词(如to, for, of等) ,以加强间接宾语的语气,如例2。
被动语态讲解及练习(附答案)
被动语态讲解一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4）was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5）had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6）was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8）should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
(完整版)被动语态专项练习附答案解析
初中英语被动语态专项讲解一、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。
)各种时态的被动语态构成：1.一般现在时：am／is／are＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：I'm asked to take care of myself.Football is played all over the world2.一般过去时：was／were＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：This house was built in 1958.His leg was broken in an accident.3.一般将来时：will／shall be＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：More factories will be built in our city.He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.4.现在进行时：am／is／are being＋及物动词的过去分词.Eg： A road is being built around the mountain.Many new houses are being built in this cit5.过去进行时：was/were being＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：The meeting was being held when I was there.We were being trained this time last year.6.现在完成时：have／has been＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：His book has been translated into many foreign languages.The prices of many goods have been cut again .7.过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词Eg：A new school had been set up by the end of last year.8.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词Eg：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.4.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动语态变成被动语态时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
一般过去式的构成形式：(1)过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示(2)过去习惯性的动作。
一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去。
(1) He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。
(2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等。
注：“过去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday, last week,…”等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。
在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。
例如：He was here only a few minutes ago.（仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。
）I came home just now.（我刚回到家。
）I got up very early this morning.（今天早晨我起床很早。
）He was late for school again today.（今天他又迟到了。
）补充内容：1句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于动作是否对现在有影响. Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗？（你现在不饿吗？）Yes, I have. 是的，我已经吃过了。
（已经吃饱了，不想再吃了。
）When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的？（关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。
）I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。
Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。
)I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。
I ate it at 6：45。
我在六点四十五分吃了。
2 表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时，这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。
The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died.那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。
3 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作常与always，never等连用。
Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。
（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。
）比较：Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。
（说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞）Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太总是带着一把伞。
（表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦）I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。
（不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒）4 如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用used to do(过去常常做，而现在不那样做了)He used to drink.他过去喝酒。
（意味着他现在不喝酒了。
喝酒这个动作终止了）I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。
（意味着现在不在早晨散步了）比较：I took a walk in the morning.我曾经在早晨散过步。
（只是说明过去这一动作）5 有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！I didn''t know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。
（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。
这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。
实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.）I thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。
（这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。
但是现在我知道你没病）辨别正误：Li Ming studied English this morning.（把此句变为一般疑问句）（×）1.Did Li Ming studied English this morning？（动词应该用原形）（×）2. Does Li ming Study English this morning？（时态应该用原句子的时态）（×）3.Was Li Ming studied English this morning？（应该用一般动词，而不是be动词）（动词应变原型）（О）4.Did Li Ming study Enghish this morning？主动：肯定①be 分为was,were ②v+ed否定①was/were not ②didn’t+v疑问①was/were+ 主②did+主+V时间状语:yesterday the day before yesterday ago in 1980 (过去年份）last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,centeury 世纪）this morning/afternoon/evening in the past just now the other day -- a fewdays at the age of 10 (过去年龄段）in the old days，one day, long ago, once upon a tame etc.动词过去式规则变化：1 直接加ed eg：work worked worked2 以不发音的e结尾的，+d eg：live lived lived3 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed eg：study stuied stuied4 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed eg：stop stopped stopped 不规则变化：例如eg：cut cut ；read read<注：read和read读音不同！> ；sit —sat ；have/has -- had,；eat--ate,；see—saw，am/is—was, go—went, do--did，take-took;ron-ran;lend-lent一般过去时句型结构：1.一般句子I watched TV last night.2.一般疑问句Did you watch TV last night?3.there be 句型There was an apple on the table last night.Was there an apple on the table last night?过去时的一般形态：1．Be 动词的一般过去时态构成：肯定句：主语+was (were) +宾语如：I was late yesterday. （昨天我迟到了。
）否定句：主语+was (were) +not+宾语如：We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+宾语如：Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了吗？）肯定回答：Yes, I was. (是的，我病了。
)否定句：No, I wasn't. (不，我没病。
)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+宾语如：When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？2．实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does 的过去式did.肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语如：I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.（我昨天九点钟回的家。
）否定句：主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语如：I didn't go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。
)疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+宾语如：Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗？)肯定回答：Yes, I did. (是的，我回了。
)否定回答：No, I didn't. (不，我没回家。
)3．助动词和情态动词过去式如下：shall―should（将要）用于第一人称单数will―would（将要）用于所有人称can ?could（能，会）may―might（可以）must―must （必须）have to―had to（不得不）助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。
如：I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。
) 例题解析：1．r. Mott is out. But he ______ here a few minutes ago.A. wasB. isC. will beD. would be解析：时分钟前发生的动作，应该用一般过去时。
应选A，2．---Hi, Tom.---Hello, Fancy. I ______ you were here.A.don't knowB.won't thinkC. thinkD. didn't know解析：虽然句中没有明确的时间状语，但是可以通过上下文语境判断出，这句话指的是我这段时间并不知道，你前一阵子在这儿。
所以应选A。
3．He promised to tell me by himself when I ______.A. comeB. would comeC. cameD. had come解析：在时间状语从句中，用一般过去时表示过去将来。
应选C一、单项选择：从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
(10)( )1．My father＿＿＿＿＿＿ill yesterday．A．isn't B．aren't C．wasn't D．weren't( )2．＿＿＿＿＿＿your parents at home last week﹖A．Is B．Was C．Are D．Were( )3．The twins＿＿＿＿＿＿in Dalian last year．They＿＿＿＿＿＿here now．A．are; were B．were; are C．was; are D．were; was ( )4．＿＿＿＿＿＿your father at work the day＿＿＿＿＿yesterday(前天）﹖A．Was; before B．Is; before C．Was; after D．Is; after ( )5．—Who was on duty last Friday﹖—＿＿＿＿＿＿．A．I am B．I was C．Yes, I was D．No, I wasn't ( )6. I cleaned my classroom ___________.A with three hoursB three hours agoC in three hoursD three hours before( ) 7. I came _______ my house two days ago .A back onB back toC to backD back( ) 8 . ___________? He did some reading at home.A What does your father do yesterday eveningB What does your brother do in the schoolC What did your brother do over the weekendD Where did your brother go last Sunday( ) 9. What did you do ________ ? I went to the movies.A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D nextMonday( ) 10. The koala sleeps _______，but gets up _________.A during the day; at the eveningB at day ;during nightC in the day ;during the eveningD during the day ; atnight二、请用正确动词形式填空。