全新大学英语综合教程第二册unit3词汇表_中英释义+典型例句
全新版大学英语综合教程2(第二版)UNIT3课后语句翻译
Text AProfessor Hawking thinks it important to keep everybody in touch withwhat science is about. In this article he explains why.霍金教授认为使每个人都了解科学是干什么的非常重要。
在这篇文章中，他对其中的缘由作了解释。
Public Attitudes Toward ScienceStephen Hawking1 Whether we like it or not, the world we live in has changed a greatdeal in the last hundred years, and it is likely to change even more inthe next hundred. Some people would like to stop these changes and go backto what they see as a purer and simpler age. But as history shows, thepast was not that wonderful. It was not so bad for a privileged minority,though even they had to do without modern medicine, and childbirth washighly risky for women. But for the vast majority of the population, lifewas nasty, brutish, and short.公众科学观斯蒂芬·霍金无论我们是否愿意，我们生活的世界在过去一百年间已经变化了许多，而且在未来的一百年里可能变化更多。
全新版大学英语综合教程2-Unit 3-The Generation Gap-Exercise+writing
Pattern:
Cause 1
Effect
Cause 2
Cause 3
Example 1:
in the last few centuries, first coal, then oil and natural gas, have been burned for energy at a rapidly increasing rate. Earth’s forests have been disappearing, slowly at first, but in the last couple of centuries quite rapidly.
Unit 3
The Generation Gap
Lecture Three
Content
1 2 3 Useful Expressions Dictation—Comedy Exercises
Teaching Objectives: 1. Gain a better command of the useful expressions 2. Practice listening skills 3. Learn to write a cause-effect exposition and a problem-solution exposition 4. Check the answers to Exercises
probably etc. when you are not so sure of the problem
and solution, and use certainly, definitely, surely,
全新版大学英语-综合教程-第二册-单词-带例句
e.g. I will be waiting for you at the e.g. I didn't travel much when I wase.g. If you put a coin in the slot ofe.g. This is the time for democrats e.g. I am only partly responsible fore.g. Tom admits that playinge.g. The children's legal rights muste.g. This town has very good road e.g. You can add the fluid to thee.g. She's an old acquaintance ofe.g. Many of the leaders have引出e.g. His speech called forth anangry response.e.g. There was a lack ofcommunications between us.5. individualn. a single human being 个人e.g. We designed this software inorder to meet the needs of individualusers.6. innocenta. knowing no evil, naive天真无邪的n. an innocent persone.g. Jack is still as innocent as achild and is easily taken in.7. intensea. serious and concentrated 认真的，紧张的e.g. I have never seen an intensestudent like him.8. needless to sayas you already know or would expect不用说e.g. Needless to say, I survived theearthquake.9. on the wholeall things considered, in general 总的看来，大体上，基本上e.g. On the whole, your opinion isright.10. on top ofin addition to 除……之外（还）e.g. An extra 700 jobs are being cuton top of the 2,000 that were lost lastyear.11. outwardsad.向外e.g. The door opens outwards.12. overnightad. during or for the night 一整夜，一夜间e.g. If you leave your bike hereovernight, it's likely to disappear. 13. plotn. a plan or an outline of the events ina play or novel 情节e.g. The author wove a story fromthree plots.14. scattervt. throw in different directions 散布e.g. The farmers are scatteringseeds over the fields.15. slipvi.溜（走），悄悄地走e.g. He slipped out into the garage.16. tendencyn.倾向e.g. There is a tendency to useplastics in place of metals.17. to one's knowledgeas far as one knows personally 据……所知e.g. To my knowledge, Jack didn't18. vehiclen. 传播媒介；交通工具e.g. Air is the vehicle of sound.e.g. The comet caused a worldwide e.g. I've read the Chinese versione.g. We still remember the volcanice.g. He went to the aid of the hurte.g. I bumped into a tree in the dark.e.g. I gave him some medicine to e.g. Peter was dismissed form hise.g. He was imprisoned for 19 yearsand yet held on to his belief. e.g. Kathy fainted when she saw the horrible sight.7. impatienta. not patient 不耐烦的e.g. He is too impatient with his kids. 8. in good/excellent/poor health 健康状况良好（很好，差）e.g. All the kids are in good health. 9. in spite of 尽管e.g. In spite of all his efforts, the boy did not recover. 10. incline v. （使）倾向于e.g. Mr. Brown inclines towards conservatism. 11. installvt. place, fix (a piece of equipment) in position for use 安装，安置 e.g. I will definitely have a gas heater installed in my house before this winter. 12. interval n. 间隔e.g. Trees will be planted on both sides of the street at intervals of 10 meters.13. miserablea. 令人痛苦的；悲惨的，不幸的e.g. He lived a miserable life when he was young. 14. optimistic a. 乐观的e.g. He was optimistic about the future of mankind. 15. penetratevi. force a way (into or through sth.); be fully understood 穿透，刺入；被充分领悟e.g. Our eyes could not penetrate the darkness. 16. progressivea. advancing gradually by stages over a period of time 进行性的；循序渐进的 e.g. One prominent symptom of the disease is the progressive loss of memory. 17. shortcomingn. weakness that a person or thing has 缺点，短处e.g. Despite all his shortcomings, he makes a good friend. 18. suffer from 患……病；苦于e.g. She sometimes suffers from a stomachache.19. to a degreeto a certain extent , partly 一定程度上，部分地e.g. These statements are, to a degree, all correct.20. trait n. 个性，特点e.g. The color of one's eyes is a genetic trait.e.g. He was making great efforts to e.g. The interview continued, with e.g. His political rivals are biding their e.g. He is by nature rather ane.g. I was charmed by her slim figuree.g. Michael consumes nearly a pound e.g. Several multinational corporations e.g. Despite the fact that she felle.g. A doctoral thesis must be written in e.g. She was like a princess in a fairy e.g. He put on a gaily colored shirt.e.g. Steve will have to get his acte.g. The trial is concerned only with thee.g. I don't know what's the mattere.g. I could see from her expressione.g. It seemed incredible that peoplee.g. There is a fascinating news item ine.g. The Martian atmosphere containse.g. She ran this shop for ten yearse.g. The novel has been translated from e.g. The police now recognize that big e.g. The mayor is a skilled politician. e.g. It is said that Michael possesses a e.g. The instant he put pencil to paper, e.g. Rarely have I seen a student who is e.g. Having finished the work, I spente.g. She wore a red ribbon in her hair.e.g. Some scientists think average e.g. Even in the most spotless homes,e.g. Einstein formulated the theory of e.g. My daughter's idea about wealthe.g. The Australians are in control of e.g. Fish are plentiful in the lake.e.g. He suffered an allergic reaction to e.g. Young graduates are seeking after e.g. They succeeded in what they set e.g. She stirred the sugar into thee.g. I can't take all the credit; thee.g. The bank is being weighed down by e.g. The baby is a welcome addition to e.g. She is in heaven with the angels.e.g. These educational toys givee.g. The space capsule has threee.g. Most of my friends believe ine.g. Brought up in the south of China, e.g. The Academy ruled that suche.g. In computer technology,e.g. These ideas descend from those of e.g. Jimmy spent the year driftinge.g. That once poor coastal village has e.g. The story of his adventures in the e.g. He asked in his Germanic English ife.g. This island is inhabited only by e.g. The Germans invaded Poland in e.g. Waving his arms in a kinglye.g. The constitution guards the liberty e.g. The company is the world's largest e.g. The ancient temple's massivee.g. The school authorities plan toe.g. A lot of people would consider a TV e.g. The fire was out of control by the e.g. When you have finished readinge.g. The small boys loved watching thee.g. They go to the market to buye.g. Science took a new and differente.g. I usually have a snack of ae.g. The Russian Federation declarede.g. After working for his father fore.g. The police began a systematice.g. I agree with him to some extent, e.g. Hundreds of translations ofe.g. Video has been made wide use of e.g. He has an English vocabulary of e.g. The Welsh eat more potatoes than1. aspectn. an element or side of a situation or idea 方面e.g. You have only considered one aspect of the problem, but there are many.2. authorityn. 权威人士（或机构）e.g. He is an authority on plant diseases.3. contribute tohelp to cause 促成，有助于，是……的部分原因e.g. Various factors contributed to his downfall. 4. crudea. not refined 粗糙的e.g. His manners are rather crude.5. dominatev. have control of or a very strong influence on 支配， 统治e.g. He has authority, but he doesn't try to dominate others. 6. economica. of an economy or economics 经济（学）的e.g. The country is in a bad economic state. 7. exceedvt. go beyond in quantity, degree, etc. 超过e.g. The cost will not exceed $500.8. genuinea. real, not fake or artificial 真的，非伪造的e.g. It's either a genuine diamond or a very good fake.9. give way toyield to 对……让步，屈服于e.g. It seems the President has given way to pressure from hard-liners.10. in transitionin the course of changing into another state or condition 在过渡时期，在转变过程中e.g. The company is still in transition from one boss to another.11. integratevt. make into a whole 使成一整体 e.g. Foreign immigrants here don't integrate well into the white community. 12. predictvt. declare or tell in advance 预言 e.g. The earthquake was predicted several weeks ago.13. professional n., a. 专业人员（的）e.g. You need a professional to sort out your finances.14. rid oneself offree oneself from 使自己摆脱e.g. The country is making attempts to rid itself of corruption.e.g. She hastily shifted the subject. e.g. The success of her book has given e.g. That is a very substantial e.g. Lots of our friends are coming: e.g. It is obvious from the graph that e.g. None of these social problems aree.g. Some products are chosen for theire.g. The space shuttle Columbia wille.g. It is unrealistic to believe thate.g. He acted in accordance with hise.g. Poverty is a breeding ground fore.g. The cancer has spread to here.g. He has charge of the children whilee.g. It's a miracle that some of thee.g. Our findings conflict with thee.g. An economic crisis may havee.g. Consumption of oil has risen in e.g. Don't all living creatures havee.g. Passive smoking can be deadly e.g. The election demonstratede.g. French doctors tend to regard drug e.g. It's hard to draw a distinctione.g. We need helpers of all types,e.g. The area's ecosystem ranges from e.g. The committee is passing new laws e.g. Children are not allowed to see the e.g. The doctor said the patient was e.g. Lewis was not in the right frame of e.g. The generator has broken down.。
(完整版)全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程3课文原文及翻译Until1-8较完整版
8 The next year we grew even more food and managed to get through the winter on firewood that was mostly from our own trees and only 100 gallons of heating oil. At that point I began thinking seriously about quitting my job and starting to freelance. The timing was terrible。பைடு நூலகம்By then， Shawn and Amy， our oldest girls were attending expensive Ivy League schools and we had only a few thousand dollars in the bank。 Yet we kept coming back to the same question: Will there ever be a better time？ The answer， decidedly， was no， and so —— with my employer’s blessings and half a year’s pay in accumulated benefits in my pocket -- off I went.
大学英语综合教程二unit3
⼤学英语综合教程⼆unit3Unit 3 The Generation GapI. Vocabulary and Structureembarrassconsist overall simultaneously exhaust exceptional embrace notion acknowledge fade distract glorious interference junior respond justify legalconsist of narrow down trade forfor a time meet withall along mixed marriage at any rateknow better than to do sth fill outlearn oftake care ofmake clearPart II Reading ComprehensionQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:The Leaning Tower of Pisa has defied (违背) the laws of gravity for seven and a half centuries. Every year, on June 19th, a professor from the University of Pisa climbs to the bell tower and measures the increase in the slant with special instruments. And every year the professor makes the same report: the tower has leaned a fraction of an inch more. Last summer, the 125 foot-high tower was leaning an incredible 15 feet out of line. Scientists say that unless a way is found to stop the tilt, the tower will collapse in less than 80 years.The tower is leaning because the soft subsoil of Pisa will not support it. Its foundation is sinking into the soil at an angle, causing the tower to lean. Since a tremor could shake the foundation loose, the ringing of the tower's bells was forbidden in 1959. Trucks are not allowed to pass in the neighborhood of the tower for this same reason.1. The statement which best expresses the main idea of this passage is that _________.A. the Leaning Tower of Pisa is in increasing danger of collapsingB. every year a professor measures the increase in the tower's slantC. the tower is leaning because the subsoil of Pisa will not support itD. there is only one way to save the Leaning Tower of Pisa2. It can be inferred from the passage that last summer the tower was found tilted further by __.A. 15 feetB. more than one inchC. a fraction of an inchD. several inches3. The tower tilts more and more because ___________.A. the ringing of the bells causes a tremorB. there are passing trucks nearby4. Why is the tower described as defying the laws of gravity?A. It had resisted shaking tremors for hundreds of years.B. It was built on soft ground.C. It leans a fraction of an inch more every year.D. Scientists think that it should have collapsed long ago.5. Truck traffic has been forbidden in the neighborhood of the tower _________.A. to protect the driversB. to prevent accidentsC. as a precaution against shaking tremorsD. because trucks damage the foundationQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Napoleon Bonaparte was the master of Europe. He wanted to be the master of the whole world. But he had to first win England, and to win England he had to cross the English Channel in force. If only he had ships which could ignore wind and current and tide and outtravel the British war vessels.Just at that time, there came to his court an American inventor, Robert Fulton by name. Fulton had invented a way of propelling ships by steam instead of by sails.He had also worked out a submarine torpedo (鱼雷) boat. He made successful tests of both these inventions, to the satisfaction of Napoleon's most doubting navy experts.The problem was solved. It was Napoleon's God-given opportunity. He wanted very much to try Fulton's idea. Then he decided against it.If Fulton's invention should fail, Napoleon feared he would be the laughing-stock of Europe. He could not afford to be laughed at. So he refused to pay the price of a laugh, and incidentally, he threw away world conquest.6. Napoleon's refusal to pay the price of a laugh probably cost him _________.A. much troubleB. world conquestC. bloodshedD. immense human lives7. At first the naval experts of Napoleon were _____.A. suspiciousB. astonishedC. annoyed with Fulton's inventionsD. satisfied8. The ultimate aim of Napoleon was to __________.A. win EnglandB. conquer the whole worldC. outtravel the British war vesselsD. be the king of FranceA. Fulton was a French inventor.B. Napoleon threw away world conquest on purpose.C. Napoleon did not want very much to try Fulton's idea.D. Fulton's inventions proved to be successful.10. A submarine boat is one that _________.A. is used to carry passengersB. is able to operate under the surface of the seaC. carries mainly goodsD. is moved by one or more paddiesQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:All the useful energy at the surface of the earth comes from the activity of the sun. The sun heats and feeds mankind. Each year it provides men with two hundred million tons of grain and nearly ten million tons of wood.Coal, oil, natural gas, and all other fuels are stored-up energy from the sun. Some was collected by this season's plants as carbon compounds. Some was stored by plants and trees ages ago.Even waterpower derives from the sun. Water turned into vapor by the sun falls as rain. It courses down the mountains and is converted to electric power.Light transmits only the energy that comes from the sun's outer layers, and much of this energy that is directed toward the earth never arrives. About nine-tenths of it is absorbed by the atmosphere of the earth. In fact, the earth itself gets only one half-billionth of the sun's entire output of radiant energy.11. The sun is the source of all of the following EXCEPT____.A. gasolineB. natural gasC. atomic energyD. green plants12. Radiant energy is stored as carbon compounds by _____.A. plantsB. rainC. rockD. wind13. The sun's energy directly provides us with _____.A. rainB. vaporC. lightD. food14. The largest part of the radiant energy directed toward the earth is ______.A. stored by the current season's plantsC. turned into fuelD. used for electric power15. Of the sun's entire output of radiant energy, the earth receives _______.A. one tenthB. nine tenthsC. all that comes from the sun's outer layersD. a very small portionQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:With the invention and development of television, entertainment has grown much more visual in character and is demanding less and less use of the imagination, considered by many to be man's greatest faculty ; but its greatest inadequacy lies in its inability to exercise just those creative powers in men which are called upon and developed in the pursuit of a worthwhile hobby. This lack is not serious while a man is still fully employed in his day-to-day work which itself often gives him opportunities to create either with his hands or with his mind. At this time he seeks only some form of relaxation in his leisure. There comes a time, however, when he must retire from his occupation on account of age, and it is then that these shallower pastimes, useful enough as a form of relaxation, might cease to satisfy the hitherto active man. Today, many elderly people are finding this to be true, and seem constantly to be suffering from a sense of frustration after retirement, which reveals itself in a short temper and slow degeneration (衰退) of health, thetwo most common symptoms.16. The writer criticizes visual entertainment because _________.A. it does not require men's creative powersB. it cannot improve our intelligence and skillC. it demands too much of our imaginationD. it leads men to slow degeneration in health17. What is regarded as men's greatest faculty?A. Entertainment.B. Character.C. Hobbies.D. Imagination.18. While fully employed, men look for _______.A. visual entertainment that requires imagination in their leisureB. opportunities to create either with their hands or with their minds in their leisureC. something that will help them relax in their leisureD. creative hobbies in their leisure19. The elderly people find _________.A. that shallower pastimes can no longer satisfy themB. it unnecessary to cultivate creative hobbies in their younger daysC. retirement unnecessaryA. hobbies are more important to the youth than to the elderly peopleB. we should develop worthwhile hobbies when we are youngC. in ancient time entertainment was more visual in characterD. hobbies are not important in the health of modem menPart III Vocabulary & Structure1. Living here at the top of the mountain with no one else near you must be very _______.A. lonelyB. aloneC. singleD. sole2. , the temperature of a body rises when it receives heat.A. As forB. As yetC. As a ruleD. As such3. He drove fast and arrived an hour of schedule.A. in advanceB. aheadC. abreastD. in front4. Finding it difficult to to the climate there, he decided to move to the north.A. fitB. adoptC. suitD. adapt5. She was in white like a nurse.A. clothingB. dressedC. wearingD. worn6. It was a good game, and at the end the was Argentina 3, Germany 2.A. accountB. markC. score7. I didn't know what to do but then an idea suddenly to me.A. occurredB. happenedC. appearedD. lighted8. Is there anyone who the plan put forward by the committee?A. differsB. disagreesC. objectsD. opposes9. She told her children that they must not, , play with matches.A. on any accountB. to good accountC. in no senseD. by no means10. Our public transportation system is not for the needs of the people.A. completeB. adequateC. normalD. perfect11. Tom and I are seeing you, so don't disappoint us!A. looking forB. looking forward toC. looking toD. looking out on12. Smoking in bed 1000 fires a year.A. burnsB. catchesC. keepsD. causes13. The United States _ a population of over 200 million.A. had hadB. haveC. is having14. We three major snowstorms so far this winter.A. hadB. haveC. have hadD. had had15. He speaks English better than I.A. veryB. soC. muchD. too16. I enjoy playing basketball and then _________.A. eatingB. to eatC. eatD. ate17. You don’t obje ct you by your first name, do you?A. to me to callB. to my callingC. me to callD. my calling18. He apologized having to leave so early.A. because ofB. sinceC. owing toD. for19. I wish I English fluently.A. can speakB. could speakC. speakD. might speak20. Professor Black had us compositions every Friday.A. to writeB. writtenC. write21. He didn't know or go home.A. if to waitB. to waitC. whether to waitD. either to Wait22. If you that night, you might have been too late to get your ticket.A. didn't hurryB. hadn't hurriedC. wouldn't hurryD. hadn't to hurry23. We must begin testing this instrument, no matter difficult it is.A. howeverB. howC. whateverD. what24. They are staying with us ______ the eime being until they find a place of their own.A.duringB. inC. sinceD. for25. He has _____ heavy a work load that it is difficult for him to find time to travel around.A. suchB. tooC. muchD. so26. A fence needs the support of three stakes, __________ ?A. needn't itB. doesn't itC. shan't itD. isn't it27. I couldn't understand the lecture, and ____________.A. neither could SueB. so couldn't SueC. Sue couldn't neither28. She's going to the photographer's ________.A to have her photograph take B. to have her photograph takingC. to have her photograph takenD. to have taken her photograph29. ________ people can speak a foreign language perfectly.A. Not muchB. LittleC. Only a small numberD. Few30. I don't talk with them in English _________.A. no longerB. any moreC. not any longerD. no morePart V Translation1. 我们之间的种族及⽂化差异不但增强了我们的关系，还教会了我们彼此间要宽容、谅解和开诚布公。
全新版大学英语2 unit 3 New words
Palm: n. 手掌；棕榈树 vt. 把…藏于手（掌）中 palm off 用欺骗手段把…卖掉、甩掉 She tried to palm her old car off on/onto me. 她设法骗我买下她那辆旧车。
fade 褪色；变暗淡；消失 The sunlight gradually faded. 【辩异】 disappear，die away；fade，vanish （消失） disappear 指“从人的视线中消失”即“看不见了” . die away 指“声音的消失”即“听不见了” disappear, fade, vanish：此三者均指“从视线中消 失”，disappear是“消失”的最一般用语；fade指 渐渐的消失；vanish指突然化为乌有 Awhile: adv (for a short time)暂时，片刻 Overall: adv大体上 adj 包括一切的，总计的 Overall, prices are still rising. 总体上来说，价格仍在上涨。 overalls(美)=dungarees(英) 工装裤
Community: n 社区；社会 We meet once a month to discuss community problems. 我们每月开一次会讨论社会问题。 community center 社区活动中心 Welfare: n 福利；幸福 the welfare state: 福利制度 Our only concern is the children’s welfare. 我们惟一关心的就是孩子们的幸福。 Narrow down: 减小，缩小 The police have narrowed down their list of suspects. 警方已经缩小了嫌疑犯的范围。 Mumble: v 咕哝；含糊地说 The little boy mumbled something about wanting to go to the toilet. 那个小男孩咕咕哝哝地说要去厕所。
全新版大学进阶英语综合教程第2册 Unit3 课文翻译
Why Do Friendships End?By Allison HunterThe only danger in Friendship is that it will end.– Henry David Thoreau1 I received an email from a reader who asked, “Why do some friendships end, no matter how much you want them to last?” She referred to having seen the question in one of my articles, Mystery of Friendship. As I wrote in it, I don’t think easy answers exist as to how friendships start, why some turn into lifetime o nes, and why some end. Although I’ve tried answering the first two questions in other articles (To Have A Friend and BeA Friend), I still get surprised by friendships that endure and disillusioned by ones that slip away. Even so, I’ll try to offer some ins ights here as to why friendships end.2 My simple answer is that friendships end because the situations friends are in or even the friends themselves change. Others have similar answers. First, the situations friends face may change. The decision to relocate for a new school or job cannot help but affect a friendship. Likewise, if a friend is in an accident, develops an illness, or loses someone close, these situations cannot help but affect a friendship. Does a friendship need to end because of these changes? No, but it’ll require adjustments that one or both friends might not be willing to make.3 Second, the friends themselves may change. A significant reason that friendships often end when friends are apart for an extended period of time (for summer camp, college, etc.) is that one or both of the friends change. I think it hurts less when both friends change, because then the breakup is more often mutual and so both friends get closure by both deciding to let go and move forward in their lives without each other. What tends to hurt most is when just one friend changes. One friend might change social circles, become involved in new social organizations, start to date, get a pet, or take on some other venture that consumes more time and passion. Again, a friendship can endure these changes, unless one or both of the friends for some reason decide not to invest the time and energy involved in the adjustment period. (For example, one friend might forget the importance of the friendship due to the high of having a new pet or mightfeel that the change is impossible to overcome when one gets married but the other is still single.) In this situation, breakups may not be mutual and so one or both friends feel betrayed and end up with bitter memories about what was a precious friendship to them.4 There are other reasons why friendships end. For example, as much as two people might wanta friendship to survive, oneor both of them might unintentionally neglect it. Friendship is often compared to a flower garden. Wel l, if flowers don’t get exposed regularly enough to sunlight and don’t get watered enough, flowers will wither and even die. The same applies to friendship. If week after week passes where plans are made to spend time together but are never honored, perhaps due to taking a friendship for granted, eventually even the closest of friendships may cease to have a reason to exist.5 Conflicts can also cause the end of friendships. If the flower is a fledgling plant, one blow might destroy it just as sometimes re latively young friendships aren’t strong enough to endure much conflict. Even those amazing close friendships, where friends love us no matter what our faults are, need care when it comes to conflicts. Sure, if a flourishing flower gets stepped on, it might revive on its own. Moreover, if it gets a little extra special care, it’ll probably bounce back as if it hadn’t ever been injured. At the same time, if a flower gets repeatedly trampled on, it’ll probably eventually break. Especially the friendships that have been around for a long time can endure storms, and even become stronger for them, but most friendships have breaking points.6 Nevertheless, while we can rarely predict at the outset which ones will last, most friendships do enrich us for however sh ort or long they’re a part of our lives.为什么友谊会终结？艾利森·亨特友谊内在的唯一危险是：友谊将会终结。
全新版大学进阶英语综合教程第2册 Unit3 课文翻译
Why Do Friendships End?By Allison HunterThe only danger in Friendship is that it will end.– Henry David Thoreau1 I received an email from a reader who asked, “Why do some friendships end, no matter how much you want them to last?” She referred to having seen the question in one of my articles, Mystery of Friendship. As I wrote in it, I don’t think easy answers exist as to how friendships start, why some turn into lifetime o nes, and why some end. Although I’ve tried answering the first two questions in other articles (To Have A Friend and BeA Friend), I still get surprised by friendships that endure and disillusioned by ones that slip away. Even so, I’ll try to offer some ins ights here as to why friendships end.2 My simple answer is that friendships end because the situations friends are in or even the friends themselves change. Others have similar answers. First, the situations friends face may change. The decision to relocate for a new school or job cannot help but affect a friendship. Likewise, if a friend is in an accident, develops an illness, or loses someone close, these situations cannot help but affect a friendship. Does a friendship need to end because of these changes? No, but it’ll require adjustments that one or both friends might not be willing to make.3 Second, the friends themselves may change. A significant reason that friendships often end when friends are apart for an extended period of time (for summer camp, college, etc.) is that one or both of the friends change. I think it hurts less when both friends change, because then the breakup is more often mutual and so both friends get closure by both deciding to let go and move forward in their lives without each other. What tends to hurt most is when just one friend changes. One friend might change social circles, become involved in new social organizations, start to date, get a pet, or take on some other venture that consumes more time and passion. Again, a friendship can endure these changes, unless one or both of the friends for some reason decide not to invest the time and energy involved in the adjustment period. (For example, one friend might forget the importance of the friendship due to the high of having a new pet or mightfeel that the change is impossible to overcome when one gets married but the other is still single.) In this situation, breakups may not be mutual and so one or both friends feel betrayed and end up with bitter memories about what was a precious friendship to them.4 There are other reasons why friendships end. For example, as much as two people might wanta friendship to survive, oneor both of them might unintentionally neglect it. Friendship is often compared to a flower garden. Wel l, if flowers don’t get exposed regularly enough to sunlight and don’t get watered enough, flowers will wither and even die. The same applies to friendship. If week after week passes where plans are made to spend time together but are never honored, perhaps due to taking a friendship for granted, eventually even the closest of friendships may cease to have a reason to exist.5 Conflicts can also cause the end of friendships. If the flower is a fledgling plant, one blow might destroy it just as sometimes re latively young friendships aren’t strong enough to endure much conflict. Even those amazing close friendships, where friends love us no matter what our faults are, need care when it comes to conflicts. Sure, if a flourishing flower gets stepped on, it might revive on its own. Moreover, if it gets a little extra special care, it’ll probably bounce back as if it hadn’t ever been injured. At the same time, if a flower gets repeatedly trampled on, it’ll probably eventually break. Especially the friendships that have been around for a long time can endure storms, and even become stronger for them, but most friendships have breaking points.6 Nevertheless, while we can rarely predict at the outset which ones will last, most friendships do enrich us for however sh ort or long they’re a part of our lives.为什么友谊会终结？艾利森·亨特友谊内在的唯一危险是：友谊将会终结。
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patience n.
e.g. My patience is quite worn out.
prom n. (AmE)
proof n.
e.g. The executive produced documents in proof of this claim.
angel n.
at any rate whatever may happen, in any case
e.g. At any rate, you survived the car accident.
bet (bet or betted) vt. be sure
e.g. I bet she was late for the meeting on purpose.
dine.
distract vt. take (sb.'s attention) away from sth. esp. for a short time
e.g. Tom admits that playing computer games sometimes distracts him form his homework.
(sth.)
(
)
e.g. You should know better than to
argue with you mother.
location n. a place or position
e.g. Witnesses showed the police the exact location of the accident.
monotone n.
e.g. The evidence was read out to the court in a dull monotone.
mumble v. say sth. in a way that others can not
really hear the words e.g. He mumbled something to me
darling n.
e.g. Are you free tonight, darling?
dessert n.
e.g. She had homemade ice cream for dessert.
dining room
dine vi. (fml) e.g. They used to enjoy going out to
frank a. showing one's thoughts and feelings openly
e.g. To be frank with you, I think you are making a mistake.
glorious a. wonderful; splendid; having or deserving great fame and honor
welfare n.
e.g. I tried to swallow, but my mouth was too dry.
talented a. gifted
talent n. e.g. Jackie Chen has a huge army of
young fans, and is extremely talented.
which I didn't quite catch.
narrow down make (a list of things) smaller
e.g. Over a hundred applicants will be narrowed down to a short list of five
candidates.
oops int. (infml)
overall ad. in general a. including everything; total
e.g. The college has few ways to assess the quality of education overall.
palm n.
project was havn negotiating terms with the contractors.
interference n.
e.g. Her parents' continual interference in our affairs irritated me.
recipe n.
e.g. What is your recipe for success?
repeatedly ad. again and again
e.g. We have repeatedly requested that staff should not be allowed to smoke in
consist vi.
consist of be made up of e.g. The book consists of essays
written over the last twenty years.
constant a. without stopping; unchanging
e.g. I have had a constant headache for three days.
e.g. The northern end of the island juts out like a long, thin finger into the sea.
know better than (that / to do sth) be wise or well-trained enough not to do
trade (sth.) for (sth. else)
e.g. The farmers traded farm produce for manufactured goods and money.
uh
unison
int.
n.
in unison acting in the same way at the
e.g. He jerked the fishing-rod out of the water.
junior a. younger, lower in rank than another
e.g. Jane is several years junior to her husband.
jut v. jut out
interrupt vt. stop (sb.) from continuing what they are
saying or doing. e.g. My daughter kept interrupting me
whenever I spoke.
jerk vt. pull suddenly and quickly
exhaust vt. tire out; use up completely
e.g. He took to walking long distances in an attempt to physically exhaust himself.
fade vi. lose color or brightness; disappear slowly
or come later e.g. The art of story-telling is
handed down from mother to daughter.
humiliate vt. make (sb.) feel ashamed or seem silly,
esp. in public e.g. England were humiliated in last
night's match.
hysterical a.
e.g. Clam down, you're getting hysterical.
in charge (of) having control (over) or responsibility (for)
e.g. The executive in charge of the
e.g. It seems a pity to be indoors on such a glorious day.
guitar n.
e.g. My brother plays the guitar in a rock band.
hand down give or leave to people who are younger
er
vt. make (sb.) feel awkward or ashamed
int.
e.g. I chose my words carefully in order to avoid embarrassing anyone.
exceptional a. unusual
e.g. Ann showed an exceptional musical ability at the age of four.
suspense n. keep (sb.) in suspense delay telling (sb.) what they are eager to know
e.g. The audience is kept in suspense to the very end of the play.
swallow v.
e.g. The sunlight gradually faded.
fill out complete
e.g. Please fill out the application form and send it back by January 10.