TOEFL全真试题
2024年TOEFL试题
(c) the book is too long.
(d) he doesnt usually read spy thrillers.
7. (a) she hurt her foot.
(b) her health problem has come back again.
(c) hes a good tennis player.
(d) he rarely uses his computer.
9. (a) more doctors should be doing research.
(b) he is studying to be a doctor.
(c) an important new medical treatment may be available soon.
(c) hes completely satisfied with his job.
(d) hed like to be able to work more hours per week.
3. (a) try to get a ride with pete.
(b) take an airplane to boston.
(d) buy a money order to send with the application.
13. (a) shes too busy to run for class president.
(b) she hasnt considered running for class president.
2. Intended to display the work of twentieth-century artists, in 1929.
toefl试题及答案
toefl试题及答案TOEFL试题及答案一、听力理解（Listening Comprehension）1. 根据所听对话，选出正确的答案。
A. 学生在图书馆找书。
B. 学生在询问课程安排。
C. 学生在讨论课题研究。
D. 学生在讨论作业问题。
答案：A2. 根据所听讲座，选出正确的答案。
A. 教授在讨论历史事件。
B. 教授在分析文学作品。
C. 教授在讲解科学理论。
D. 教授在介绍艺术作品。
答案：B二、阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）1. 阅读以下段落，回答以下问题："The Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in the way people worked and lived."A. What was the main impact of the Industrial Revolution?B. How did the Industrial Revolution affect the daily life of people?答案：A. The main impact of the Industrial Revolution was the significant changes in the way people worked and lived.B. The Industrial Revolution affected the daily life of people by altering their work patterns and living conditions.2. 阅读以下段落，选择最佳 "The role of technology in education has been a topic of debate for many years. Some argue that it enhances learning, while others believe it can be a distraction."A. The Pros and Cons of Technology in EducationB. The History of Technology in EducationC. The Debate Over Technology in EducationD. The Future of Technology in Education答案：C三、口语表达（Speaking Expression）1. 根据以下提示，进行口语回答：- Describe a memorable event from your childhood.- Explain why it was memorable.答案示例：One of the most memorable events from my childhood was the day I learned to ride a bicycle. It was a sunny afternoon, and my father was teaching me. After several attempts and falls, I finally managed to ride without support. The feeling of accomplishment and the joy of mastering a new skill madeit an unforgettable experience.2. 根据以下情景，进行口语回答：- You are planning a trip with friends. Discuss thefactors you consider when choosing a destination.答案示例：When planning a trip with friends, I consider several factors such as the interests of the group, the budget, the weather, and the accessibility of the destination. We usually discuss our preferences and make a list of potential places. Then, we evaluate them based on the mentioned factors and make a decision that suits everyone.四、写作任务（Writing Task）1. Write an essay discussing the importance of environmental protection and the role individuals can play in it.答案示例（略）：考生需根据题目要求，撰写一篇不少于300字的议论文，阐述环境保护的重要性以及个人如何参与其中。
TOEFL全真试题
TOEFL全真试题为了让大家更好的预备托福考试，我给大家整理了托福练习试题,下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
TOEFL全真试题1Reading Comprehension Time: 55 minutes (including the reading of the directions). Now set your clock for 55 minutes.Question 1-12Orchids are unique in having the most highly developed of all blossoms, in which the usual male and female reproductive organs are fused in a single structure called the column. The column is designed so that a single pollination will fertilize hundreds of thousands, and in some cases millions, of seeds, so microscopic and light they are easily carried by the breeze. Surrounding the column are three sepals and three petals, sometimes easily recognizable as such, often distorted into gorgeous, weird, but always functional shapes. The most noticeable of the petals is called the labellum, or lip. It is often dramatically marked as an unmistakable landing strip to attract the specific insect the orchid has chosen as its pollinator.To lure their pollinators from afar, orchids use appropriately intriguing shapes, colors, and scents. At least 50 different aromatic compounds have been analyzed in the orchid family, each blended to attract one, or at most a few, species of insects or birds. Some orchids even change their scents to interest different insects at different times.Once the right insect has been attracted, some orchids present all sorts of one-way obstacle courses to make sure it does not leave until pollen has been accurately placed or removed. By such ingenious adaptations to specific pollinators, orchids have avoided the hazards of rampant crossbreeding in the wild, assuring the survival of species as discrete identities. At the same time they have made themselves irresistible to collectors. 1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Birds(B) Insects(C) Flowers (D) Perfume 2 The orchid is unique because of(A) the habitat inwhich it lives(B) the structure of its blossom(C) the variety of products that can be made from it(D) the length of its life 3 The word fused in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) combined(B) hidden(C) fertilized(D) produced 4 How many orchid seeds are typically pollinated at one time?(A) 200(B) 2,000(C) 20,000(D) 200,000 5 Which of the following is a kind of petal? (A) The column(B) The sepal(C) The stem(D) The labellum 6 The labellum(line7) is most comparable to(A) a microscope(B) an obstacle course(C) an airport runway(D) a racetrack7 The word lure in line 10 is closest in meaning to(A) attract(B) recognize(C) follow(D) help8 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a means by which an orchid attracts insects?(A) Size(B) Shape(C) Color(D) Perfume9 The word their in line 13 refers to(A) orchids(B) birds(C) insects(D) species10 Which of the following statements about orchids scents does the passage support?(A) They are effective only when an insect is near the blossom.(B) Harmful insects are repelled by them.(C) They are difficult to tell apart.(D) They may change at different times.11 The word placed in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) estimated(B) measured(C) deposited(D) identified12 The word discrete in line 18 is closest in meaning to (A) complicated(B) separate(C) inoffensive(D) functionalTOEFL全真试题2Reading Comprehension Time: 55 minutes (including the reading of the directions). Now set your clock for 55 minutes.Question 1-12Orchids are unique in having the most highly developed of all blossoms, in which the usual male and female reproductive organs are fused in a single structure called the column. The column is designed so that a single pollination will fertilize hundreds of thousands, and in some cases millions, of seeds, so microscopic and light they are easily carried by the breeze. Surrounding the column are three sepals and three petals, sometimes easily recognizable as such, oftendistorted into gorgeous, weird, but always functional shapes. The most noticeable of the petals is called the labellum, or lip. It is often dramatically marked as an unmistakable landing strip to attract the specific insect the orchid has chosen as its pollinator.To lure their pollinators from afar, orchids use appropriately intriguing shapes, colors, and scents. At least 50 different aromatic compounds have been analyzed in the orchid family, each blended to attract one, or at most a few, species of insects or birds. Some orchids even change their scents to interest different insects at different times.Once the right insect has been attracted, some orchids present all sorts of one-way obstacle courses to make sure it does not leave until pollen has been accurately placed or removed. By such ingenious adaptations to specific pollinators, orchids have avoided the hazards of rampant crossbreeding in the wild, assuring the survival of species as discrete identities. At the same time they have made themselves irresistible to collectors. 1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Birds(B) Insects(C) Flowers (D) Perfume 2 The orchid is unique because of(A) the habitat in which it lives(B) the structure of its blossom(C) the variety of products that can be made from it(D) the length of its life 3 The word fused in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) combined(B) hidden(C) fertilized(D) produced 4 How many orchid seeds are typically pollinated at one time?(A) 200(B) 2,000(C) 20,000(D) 200,000 5 Which of the following is a kind of petal? (A) The column(B) The sepal(C) The stem(D) The labellum 6 The labellum(line7) is most comparable to(A) a microscope(B) an obstacle course(C) an airport runway(D) a racetrack7 The word lure in line 10 is closest in meaning to(A) attract(B) recognize(C) follow(D) help8 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a means by which an orchid attracts insects?(A) Size(B) Shape(C) Color(D) Perfume9 The word their in line 13 refers to(A) orchids(B) birds(C) insects(D) species10 Which of the following statements about orchids scents does the passage support?(A) They are effective only when an insect is near the blossom.(B) Harmful insects are repelledby them.(C) They are difficult to tell apart.(D) They may change at different times.11 The word placed in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) estimated(B) measured(C) deposited (D) identified12 The word discrete in line 18 is closest in meaning to (A) complicated(B) separate(C) inoffensive(D) functionalTOEFL全真试题31. A microscope can reveal vastly ______detail than is visible to the naked eye.(A) than(B) than more(C) more than(D) more 2. Narcissus bulbs ______ at least three inches apart and covered with about four inches of well drained soil.(A) should be planted(B) to plant(C) must planting(D) should plant 3. Industrialization has been responsible for ______ most radical of the environmental changes caused by humans.(A) a (B) the(C) some of which (D) which are the 4. In many areas the slope and topography of the land ______ excess rainfall to run off into a natural outlet.(A) neither permit(B) without permitting(C) nor permitting(D) do not permit 5. Color and light, taken together, ______ the aesthetic impact of the interior of a building.(A) very powerfully influence (B) very influence powerfully(C) powerfully very influence(D) influence powerfully very 6. ______ that Rachel Carsons 1962 book Silent Spring was one of the chief sources of inspiration for the development of nontoxic pesticides.(A) There is likely(B) Likely to be(C) It is likely(D) Likely7. Total color blindness, ______, is the result of a defect in the retina.(A) a rare condition that(B) a rare condition(C) that a rare condition (D) is a rare condition8. ______ no conclusive evidence exists, many experts believe that the wheel was invented only once and then diffused to the rest of the world.(A) Even(B) But(C) Although (D) So9. Wherever there is plenty of rain during the growing season, life is ______ in various forms.(A) abundant (B) the abundance(C) an abundant(D) it abundantTOEFL全真试题4Structure and Written Expression Time: 25 minutes (including the reading of the directions) Now set your clock for 25 minutes. Structure 1 Wind motion can be observed in the mesosphere by______ the trails of meteors passing through it.(A) to watch (B) watching (C) watched (D) watch 2 Thomas Edison s first patented invention was a device ____in Congress.(A) votes counted for (B) had been counting votes (C) for counting votes (D) be a counted vote3 Clara Bow, a popular actress in the 1992 s,retired______she was unable to make the transition from silent films to sound films.(A) nevertheless (B) in spite of (C) because (D) and for4 Built in 1882,the Kinzua Viaduct in Mckean County, Pennsylvania, is open only to those visitors _____ are able to walk its 2058-foot length.(A) who (B) to whom (C) which they (D) that which5 A bridge must be strong enough to support its own weight _____ the weight of the people and vehicles that use it.(A) as well (B) so well (C) as well as (D) so well as6 The swallows of Capistrano are famous _____ to the same nests in California each spring.(A) to returned (B) who returned (C) they returned (D) for returning7 In the fourteenth century, ____ that glass coated with silver nitrate would turn yellow when fired in an oven.(A) the discovery (B) it was discovered (C) with the discovery (D) if it was discovered8 _____ recurring fear is out of proportion to any real danger, it is called a phobia.(A) When (B) Whereas (C) Which (D) Whether9 Many modem photographers attempt to manipulate elements of photography other _____ in their photographs.(A) than light is (B) than light (C) being light (D) light 10 For any adhesive to make a really strong bond _____ to be glued must be absolutely or grease.(A) and surfaces (B) when surfaces (C) the surfaces (D) surfaces that11 Although still underwater, Loihi Seamount, the newest Hawaiian island, _____ closer to the surface by frequent volcanic eruptions that add layers of lava to the island.(A) brought (B) to be brought (C) being brought (D) is being brought12 _____unstable and explodes as a supernova is not known.(A) Fora star to become (B) how a star becomes (C) A star becomes(D) That a star is becoming13 Not until linoleum was invented in 1860_____hard-wearing, easy-to-clean flooring.(A) any house did have (B) did any house have (C) house had any (D) any house had14 Hiram Revels, the first Black member of the United States Senate, served as senator from Mississippi, an office _____ he was elected in 1870.(A) which (B) to which (C) and which (D) being which15 Oceans continually lose by evaporation much of the river water _____.(A) to constantly flow into them (B) is constantly flowing into them (C) constantly flows into them (D) constantly flowing into them Written Expression16 Because of it consists only of a relatively short strand of DNA protected by a shell of protein,__________ _____ _____A B C a virus cannot eat or reproduce by itself.______D17 The oxygen in the air we breathe has no tasted, smell, or color._____ _____ _____ ______ A B C D18 In 1977 Kathleen Battle was hired by the New York metropolitan Opera, where her became_________ ___ A B C the star soprano.__D19 The aardvark is a mammal that burrows into the ground to catches ants and termites.___ ___ ________ ______ A B C D20 Because of the availability of trucks and easy access to modern highways, the locate of farms____has become relatively unimportant with respect to their distance from markets._______ ________ ____ A B C D21 The homes created by the legendary architect Frank Lloyd Wright are still viewed as ________ _____uniquely, innovative, and valuable._________ A B C D22 Geologists find it useful to identification fossils in a rock sample because certain assemblages _ ___________________of species are characteristic of specific geologic time periods.__________A B C D23 Many poets enhance their work by creating a contrast among realism and symbolism in a____ _______ ______ _____ A B C D given poem.24 Most countries depend to few extent on cereal imports to augment their own crops.______ ___ _____ ____ A B C D25 The fragrant leaves of the laurel plant to sell commerciallyas bay leaves and are used for___________ ____ __ A B C seasoning foods.____D26 When contented, and occasionally when hunger, cats frequently make a purring sound.___ _____ _______ ____ A B C D27 The evolution of fishes is a history of constant adaptation to new possibilities, and a refined of______ ______ _ ____ A B C D these adaptations.28 In 1991 Antonia Novello, the United States Surgeon General, launched several programs to______ _____ A B address particulate problem that young people have.______ ______ C D29 Some psychologists believe that those who are encouraged to be independent, responsible, _______ ________ A B and competent in childhood are likely more than others to become motivated to achieve. _______ ________ C D30 The central purpose of management is for making every action or decision help achieve a________ ______ A B C carefully chosen goal.______D31 As a poetry Nikki Giovanni makes effective use of jazz and blues rhythms._____ ______ _ ______ A B C D32 Unlike wood, paper, and fabric, which tendency to disintegrate after being buried for many_____ ______ _______ A B C years, ceramics and glassware, although easily broken, survive well in the ground._____ D33 Margaret Mead achieved world famous through her studies of child-rearing, personality, and_____ _____ ________ A B C culture._____D34 The discovery of the antibiotic penicillin in 1928 has not produced antibiotics useful for the_______ _____________ ____ A B C treatment of infectious diseases until 1940._______D35 In the United States, the Cabinet consist of a group of advisers, each of whom is chosen by ____ _______ __________ _____ A B C D the President to head an executive department of the government.36 Colleges in the newly formed United States, in recovering from the adverse effects of the________ ____ A B American Revolution, inaugurated a broad curriculum in response of social demands._____ ______ C D37 Humus is formed during soil microorganisms decompose animal and plant material into ____ ____________ A B elements usable byplants.______ _____ C D38 Ozone is an unstable, faintly bluish gas that is the most chemical active form of oxygen.__ ____ ___ ______ A B C D39 The development of professional sports in the United States dates back to nineteenth century.__________________ ____ __________ A B C D40 Long before his death, John Dewey saw his philosophy have a profound influences on ________ _______ A B C education and thought in the United States and elsewhere.___ D。
托福试题及答案2020
托福试题及答案20201. 阅读部分A. 阅读材料一1.1. 问题一：文章中提到的主要观点是什么？答案：文章主要讨论了城市化进程对环境的影响。
1.2. 问题二：作者在文中使用了哪些论据来支持他的观点？答案：作者使用了统计数据、专家意见和历史案例来支持他的观点。
B. 阅读材料二2.1. 问题一：文章中提到的主要观点是什么？答案：文章主要探讨了教育对于个人发展的重要性。
2.2. 问题二：作者在文中使用了哪些论据来支持他的观点？答案：作者使用了教育研究结果、个人经历和比较分析来支持他的观点。
2. 听力部分A. 听力材料一1.1. 问题一：讲座中教授提到了哪种类型的动物？答案：教授提到了迁徙鸟类。
1.2. 问题二：教授是如何解释这种动物的行为的？答案：教授通过观察和实验数据来解释这种动物的迁徙行为。
B. 听力材料二2.1. 问题一：对话中两位学生讨论了什么话题？答案：两位学生讨论了即将到来的期末考试。
2.2. 问题二：他们对这个话题的态度如何？答案：他们对这个话题感到紧张和焦虑。
3. 口语部分A. 口语任务一1.1. 问题一：描述一个你曾经遇到的挑战，并解释你是如何克服它的。
答案：我遇到的挑战是准备一个重要的演讲。
我通过多次练习和向老师寻求建议来克服它。
B. 口语任务二2.1. 问题一：你更喜欢在图书馆学习还是在咖啡馆学习？为什么？答案：我更喜欢在图书馆学习，因为它提供了一个安静和专注的环境。
4. 写作部分A. 写作任务一1.1. 问题一：描述一个你认为重要的社会问题，并提出解决方案。
答案：我认为环境污染是一个重要的社会问题。
解决方案包括提高公众意识和推动可持续能源的使用。
B. 写作任务二2.1. 问题一：你同意还是不同意以下观点：学校应该要求学生穿校服？给出你的理由。
答案：我同意这个观点，因为校服可以减少学生之间的社会压力，并促进学校精神。
新托福测试题及答案
新托福测试题及答案一、听力部分1. 听力对话A. 学生与教授讨论课程内容。
B. 图书管理员与学生讨论图书借阅。
2. 听力讲座A. 教授关于环境保护的讲座。
B. 学生介绍一个科学实验。
二、阅读部分1. 阅读文章A. 描述一个历史事件。
B. 讨论一种文化现象。
2. 问题与选项A. 根据文章A，以下哪项是事件的主要原因？a) 经济因素b) 社会因素c) 政治因素d) 自然因素B. 文章B中提到的文化现象主要影响了哪个群体？a) 年轻人b) 中年人c) 老年人d) 全社会三、口语部分1. 独立口语任务A. 描述一个你曾经克服的困难。
2. 综合口语任务A. 根据听力对话和阅读文章，讨论学生如何解决遇到的问题。
四、写作部分1. 综合写作任务A. 阅读一篇文章，然后听一个相关的讲座，最后写一篇文章总结两者的主要观点和论据。
2. 独立写作任务A. 你同意以下观点吗？“教育是个人成功的关键因素”。
请给出你的理由和例子。
五、答案1. 听力部分A. 正确答案：教授建议学生阅读额外的资料来加深理解。
B. 正确答案：学生需要在一周内归还图书。
2. 阅读部分A. 正确答案：b) 社会因素B. 正确答案：a) 年轻人3. 口语部分独立口语任务答案示例：我克服的困难是学习新语言。
起初，我感到非常困难，但通过不断练习和使用语言，我最终提高了我的语言技能。
综合口语任务答案示例：学生可以通过与教授讨论问题，寻求同学的帮助，或者利用图书馆资源来解决遇到的问题。
4. 写作部分综合写作任务答案示例：文章和讲座都认为环境保护很重要，但文章强调政府的作用，而讲座强调个人的责任。
独立写作任务答案示例：我同意教育是个人成功的关键因素。
教育不仅提供了知识和技能，还培养了解决问题的能力，这对于个人的职业发展至关重要。
请注意：以上内容为示例，实际测试题和答案可能会有所不同。
TOEFL全真试题4
TOEFL全真试题4TOEFL全真试题4TOEFL全真试题（4-1）Structure and Written ExpressionTime: 25 minutes (including the reading of the directions) Now set your clock for 25 minutes.Structure1 Wind motion can be observed in the mesosphere by ______ the trails of meteors passing through it.(A) to watch (B) watching (C) watched (D) watch2 Thomas Edison s first patented invention was a device ____in Congress.(A) votes counted for (B) had been counting votes (C) for counting votes (D) be a counted vote3 Clara Bow, a popular actress in the 1992 s,retired______she was unable to make the transition from silent films to sound films.(A) nevertheless (B) in spite of (C) because (D) and for4 Built in 1882,the Kinzua Viaduct in Mckean County, Pennsylvania, is open only to those visitors _____ are able to walk its 2058-foot length.(A) who (B) to whom (C) which they (D) that which5 A bridge must be strong enough to support its own weight _____ the weight of the people andvehicles that use it.(A) as well (B) so well (C) as well as (D) so well as6 The swallows of Capistrano are famous _____ to the same nests in California each spring.(A) to returned (B) who returned (C) they returned (D) for returning7 In the fourteenth century, ____ that glass coated with silver nitrate would turn yellow when fired in an oven.(A) the discovery (B) it was discovered (C) with the discovery(D) if it was discovered8 _____ recurring fear is out of proportion to any real danger, it is called a phobia.(A) When (B) Whereas (C) Which (D) Whether9 Many modem photographers attempt to manipulate elements of photography other _____ in their photographs.(A) than light is (B) than light (C) being light (D) light10 For any adhesive to make a really strong bond _____ to be glued must be absolutely or grease.(A) and surfaces (B) when surfaces (C) the surfaces (D) surfaces that11 Although still underwater, Loihi Seamount, the newest Hawaiian island, _____ closer to thesurface by frequent volcanic eruptions that add layers of lava to the island.(A) brought (B) to be brought (C) being brought (D) is being brought12 _____unstable and explodes as a supernova is not known.(A) For a star to become (B) how a star becomes (C) A star becomes(D) That a star is becoming13 Not until linoleum was invented in 1860 _____hard-wearing, easy-to-clean flooring.(A) any house did have (B) did any house have (C) house had any (D) any house had14 Hiram Revels, the first Black member of the United States Senate, served as senator fromMississippi, an office _____ he was elected in 1870.(A) which (B) to which (C) and which (D) being which15 Oceans continually lose by evaporation much of the river water _____.(A) to constantly flow into them (B) is constantly flowing into them (C) constantly flows into them (D) constantly flowing into themWritten Expression16 Because of it consists only of a relatively short strand of DNA protected by a shell of protein,__________ _____ _____A B Ca virus cannot eat or reproduce by itself.______D17 The oxygen in the air we breathe has no tasted, smell, or color._____ _____ _____ ______A B C D18 In 1977 Kathleen Battle was hired by the New York metropolitan Opera, where her became__ _______ ___A B Cthe star soprano.__D19 The aardvark is a mammal that burrows into the ground to catches ants and termites.___ ___ ________ ______A B C D20 Because of the availability of trucks and easy access tomodern highways, the locate of farms____ has become relatively unimportant with respect to their distance from markets._______ ________ ____A B C D21 The homes created by the legendary architect Frank Lloyd Wright are still viewed as ________ _____uniquely, innovative, and valuable.______ ___A B C D22 Geologists find it useful to identification fossils in a rock sample because certain assemblages _ ___________________of species are characteristic of specific geologic time periods.__________A B C D23 Many poets enhance their work by creating a contrast among realism and symbolism in a____ _______ ______ _____A B C Dgiven poem.24 Most countries depend to few extent on cereal imports to augment their own crops.______ ___ _____ ____A B C D25 The fragrant leaves of the laurel plant to sell commercially as bay leaves and are used for___________ ____ __A B Cseasoning foods.____D26 When contented, and occasionally when hunger, cats frequently make a purring sound.___ _____ _______ ____27 The evolution of fishes is a history of constant adaptation to new possibilities, and a refined of______ ______ _ ____A B C Dthese adaptations.28 In 1991 Antonia Novello, the United States Surgeon General, launched several programs to______ _____A Baddress particulate problem that young people have.______ ______C D29 Some psychologists believe that those who are encouraged to be independent, responsible, _______ ________A Band competent in childhood are likely more than others to become motivated to achieve._______ ________C D30 The central purpose of management is for making every action or decision help achieve a________ _ _____A B Ccarefully chosen goal.______D31 As a poetry Nikki Giovanni makes effective use of jazz and blues rhythms._____ ______ _ ______32 Unlike wood, paper, and fabric, which tendency to disintegrate after being buried for many_____ ______ _______A B Cyears, ceramics and glassware, although easily broken, survive well in the ground._____D33 Margaret Mead achieved world famous through her studies of child-rearing, personality, and_____ _____ ________A B Cculture._____D34 The discovery of the antibiotic penicillin in 1928 has not produced antibiotics useful for the_______ _____________ ____A B Ctreatment of infectious diseases until 1940._______D35 In the United States, the Cabinet consist of a group of advisers, each of whom is chosen by ____ _______ __________ _____A B C Dthe President to head an executive department of the government.36 Colleges in the newly formed United States, in recovering from the adverse effects of the________ ____A BAmerican Revolution, inaugurated a broad curriculum in response of social demands._____ ______C D37 Humus is formed during soil microorganisms decompose animal and plant material into ____ ____________A Belements usable by plants.______ _____C D38 Ozone is an unstable, faintly bluish gas that is the most chemical active form of oxygen.__ ____ ___ ______A B C D39 The development of professional sports in the United States dates back to nineteenth century._________ _________ ____ __________A B C D40 Long before his death, John Dewey saw his philosophy have a profound influences on _____ ___ _______A B Ceducation and thought in the United States and elsewhere.___D <BR。
托福toefl真题9610
6-10 96年10月TOFEL 听力(Page45)A1. (A) He is playing tennis tomorrow.(B) Someone else has borrowed his racket.(C) His racket is not usable.(D) The woman should buy a new tennis racket.2. (A) The shirt is clean.(B) The shirt was not expensive.(C) The man should try to get his money back.(D) The shirt needs to be washed again.3. (A) She's willing to help the man.(B) She's sorry that she injured the man.(C) She'd like the man to repeat what he said.(D) She wants to know what happened to the man.4. (A) He tried to call the woman.(B) He was too busy to call the woman.(C) He didn't know he was supposed to call the woman.(D) He spoke to the woman on the phone last night.5. (A) She's annoyed by the man.(B) She'd like a sandwich.(C) She has already eaten.(D) She doesn't want anything to eat now.6. (A) She's not qualified to write the report.(B) She's too busy to help the man.(C) She's surprised by the man's request.(D) She'd rather meet the man tonight.7. (A) Write a check to pay for the books.(B) Place an order for more books.(C) Open the box of books that the company shipped.(D) Call the company she ordered the books from.8. (A) She has to type two more pages.(B) She finished her work long ago.(C) The man can help her when he's done.(D) They'll complete their work at about the same time.9. (A) It predicted the mayor would lose the election.(B) It clarified the mayor's position.(C) It didn't accurately represent the mayor's speech.(D) It listed the mayor's accomplishment.10. (A) He doesn't have time to go to a movie.(B) He's upset with the woman.(C) He doesn't usually enjoy comedies.(D) He has almost finished his work.11. (A) The bookstore is rarely crowded.(B) She's bought all her textbooks for this semester.(C) Many students have used books to sell.(D) Last semester's books cost her several hundred dollars.12. (A) The graph belongs in the center of the page.(B) She can't discuss the problem until later.(C) She's only finished half of the document.(D) They should look for another graph immediately.13. (A) He's supposed to go to the meeting.(B) He wants the woman to give George the message.(C) He doesn't know why George can't attend the meeting.(D) He forgot to deliver a message.14. (A) End his conversation quickly.(B) Make several calls for the woman.(C) Take the phone off the hook.(D) Write down his phone number.15. (A) Where to meet Sally.(B) Why Sally wants to meet them.(C) The location of the park.(D) The time of the meeting.16. (A) The woman does not remember her brother's address.(B) The letters were probably lost in the mail.(C) The woman will soon get used to college life.(D) The woman' s brother probably hasn't had time to write.17. (A) The man ordered his favorite flavor for the woman.(B) The woman doesn't have a favorite flavor.(C) The man didn't like the new flavor.(D) The woman has tasted the new flavor.18. (A) He started to work in a paint shop.(B) He hasn't started looking for an apartment.(C) He had an appointment with a painter today.(D) He isn't on schedule with his painting.19. (A) The woman's health has improved.(B) He does not have enough energy to exercise.(C) By themselves diets are not useful(D) Diets can be harmful.20. (A) His neighbors don't need his help.(B) His neighbors aren't very sociable.(C) His neighbors intend to go on vacation.(D) He's too busy to meet his neighbors.21. (A) Move the lamp.(B) Replace the rug.(C) Pick up one side of the desk.(D) She'll meet the man at the bank in half an hour.22. (A) The man should have gone to a different bank.(B) The man should do business at her bank.(C) She wouldn't have waited so long.(D) She'll meet the man at the bank in half an hour.23. (A) She is a good cook.(B) She lives far away from the woman.(C) She often takes trips abroad.(D) She often helps people.24. (A) The station is at the end of the street.(B) She met an old friend on the subway.(C) Her friend lives near the subway station.(D) She's picking someone up at the subway station.25. (A) Which company the woman will do business with.(B) Where the woman's business will take place.(C) Which hotel the woman will stay in.(D) Where the woman will fly to.26. (A) She hasn't liked the recent weather.(B) She's been a little sick.(C) She's finally gotten over her fever.(D) She's had a lot of bad luck lately.27. (A) Borrow the money for the first two months' rent.(B) Look for a less expensive apartment(C) Ask his landlord to reassure the owners of the apartment.(D) Write a letter to the owners of the apartment.28. (A) The man lost his address book.(B) The man and the woman already know each other.(C) The man is sorry to bother Jack Easton.(D) Jack Easton and the woman work for the same company.29. (A) The two o'clock train has a dining car.(B) The two o'clock train will arrive later than the nonstop one.(C) She plans to eat on the train.(D) She prefers to take the two o'clock train.30. (A) The woman is worried about losing some papers.(B) The woman wants the man to find the report.(C) The woman saved her report until the last minute.(D) The woman's report was thrown out by the man.31. (A) A physics exam.(B) A lecture they plan to attend(C) An assignment.(D) Their favorite poets.32. (A) When the report is due.(B) How he chose his topic.(C) If he passed the course.(D) Whether her talk is clear.33. (A) Listen to the woman's talk.(B) Study for a test.(C) Go to class.(D) Prepare his presentation.34. (A) In the library.(B) In the woman's dormitory.(C) In an empty classroom.(D) In the dining hall.35. (A) A professor's lecture.(B) A magazine article.(C) A television program.(D) A doctor's report.36. (A) Body size and shape.(B) Influence from the parents(C) Physical characteristics of the head.(D) Conditioning from the environment.37. (A) Different sections of the brain control different body functions.(B) Blows to certain areas of the skull will affect some brain functions.(C) Stimulating certain sections of the brain will increase brain functions.(D) Physical and mental abilities are localized in one section of the brain.38. (A) The growth of the publishing industry.(B) The history of papermaking.(C) The uses of paper in the nineteenth century.(D) The composition of wood fiber.39. (A) Publishers wanted higher quality paper.(B) Paper made from rags deteriorated too quickly(C) Wood pulp had become too expensive.(D) The supply of rags was insufficient.40. (A) It turned out high-quality paper.(B) It used wood imported from the United States.(C) It caused a serious deforestation problem.(D) There was a ready marker for its product.41. (A) It is difficult to obtain.(B) Paper cannot be made without it.(C) It causes paper to deteriorate.(D) It prevents wood from being turned into pulp.42. (A) Many of their books are in poor condition.(B) They have too many books from the early 1800's.(C) They don't have enough space to store government documents.(D) They have to import most of the paper they use.43. (A) Attitudes toward employment.(B) Attitudes toward leisure activities.(C) Shifting job opportunities.(D) The evolution of the weekend.44. (A) Which days people should work.(B) How the week is divided into days.(C) Which day begins the work.(D) How many weeks there are in a month.45. (A) The weekend has decreased in length.(B) The number of national holidays has increased.(C) People work fewer days per week.(D) People work more hours each day.46. (A) It was six days long.(B) It didn't include Saturday afternoon.(C) It always included at least one holiday.(D) It didn't allow the workers time off.47. (A) It would make the workday longer.(B) It would allow people to work on the weekend.(C) It would make leisure activities expensive.(D) It would create much more free time.48. (A) She went to college nearby.(B) She won a contest.(C) Her family vacationed there.(D) She was a friend of Leonard Bernstein's.49. (A) It's difficult to hear.(B) The lawn is usually very crowded.(C) The setting isn't very pretty.(D) The audience might get wet.50. (A) It is held in Boston.(B) All the seats are indoors.(C) It is not well known.(D) It has been going on for a long time.96年10月TOFEL 语法(Page46)B1. Charlie Parker, _____ was one of the creators of the music style called "bop."(A) a great jazz improviser who(B) to improvise great jazz(C) a great jazz improviser(D) improvised great jazz.2. The world's deepest cave, Pierre St. Martin in the Pyrenees Mountains, is almost three times as deep _____.(A) as the Empire State Building is high.(B) That the Empire State Building is higher.(C) Is higher than the Empire State Building(D) And the Empire State Building's height.3. When Columbus reached the New World, corn was the _____ in the Americas.(A) widely most grown plant.(B) Most widely grown plant(C) Most grown widely plant(D) Plant widely grown most.4. Because kaolin shrinks in firing at a different rate than ordinary clay, _____ when creating pottery using both types of clay.(A) special handling is required(B) special handling required(C) a requirement of special handling(D) the required special handling5. The ceremonial Chilcat blanket of the Northwest Tlingit Indians was generally _____ from cedar bark, wool, and goats' hair.(A) wove(B) to weave(C) weaving(D) woven6. _____ composed traditionally has been a subject of debate among scholars.(A) Were ballads how(B) Ballads were how they(C) How ballads that were(D) How ballads were7. Jupiter, the closest of the giant planets to Earth, has _____ solid surface and is surrounded by zones of intense radiation.(A) not(B) nor(C) no(D) neither.8. The black-billed cuckoo has been known to steal eggs _____ to other birds.(A) belong(B) which belonging(C) which they belong(D) that belong9. The purpose of phonetics is _____ an inventory and a description of the sounds found in speech.(A) to provide(B) provided(C) which provided(D) providing that10. Earthquakes can damage a tree _____ violently, and it can take several years for the tree to heal.(A) to cause shaking(B) when shaking it causes(C) by causing it to shake(D) to cause to shake it11. _____ bacteria in foods are killed, as they are during baking or stewing, decay is slowed down.(A) What(B) The(C) If(D) So12. The colors and patterns of the wings of butterflies and moths help _____ the organism against predators.(A) protect(B) being protected(C) protecting(D) protection of13. In 1993 the Library of Congress appointed author Rita Dove _____ of the United States.(A) as was poet laureate(B) was poet laureate(C) poet laureate(D) and poet laureate14. At the South Pole _____, the coldest and most desolate region on Earth.(A) Antarctica lies where(B) Where Antarctica lies(C) Antarctica lies and(D) Lies Antarctica15. Tornados, powerful, destructive wind storms, occur most often in the spring when hot winds _____ over flat land encounter heavy cold air.(A) which to rise.(B) that rising(C) are rising(D) rising16. Many exercises such as calisthenics, running, or to swim involve producingABmuscle tension through a range of movements that are called isotonics.CD17. Intelligence, education, and experience all helps shape management style.A B CD18.The basic elements of public-opinion research are interviewers, questionnaires,A Btabulating equipment, and to sample population.C D19. Conservation organizations help for to preserve the ecology of an area by keepingA BCtrack of endangered species.D20. Gwendolyn Brooks, which won a Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1950, had 75 poems publishedAB Cby the time she was twenty.D21. Halifax is largest city and chief port of Nova Scotia and is the eastern terminus ofA B Canada's two great railway systems.C D22. T. S. Eliot received wide recognition after publishes The Waste Land, which fusedABpoetic traditions with elements of modern music and language.C D23.Numerous types of cells, such as skin cells and white blood cells, have the power reproduceA BC Dasexually.24. The knee is more likely to be damage than most other joints because it is subjectA BCto tremendous forces during vigorous activity.D25. Although ferns lack flowers, they do have leaves, stems, and root.A B CD26. Crazy Horse is generally recognized for his courageous and skill, and he wasA Brevered by the Sioux as their greatest leader.C D27. In medicine, certain plastics have important uses because they do not affected byA BCchemicals in the body, and they do not harm the body.D28. Since a hospital is organized to protect and treat people who are ill, its goals,Astructures, and functions depend on the currently state of medical science.B C D29. A change in direction of the monsoon winds result from the differences betweenABthe heating or cooling of landmasses and that of oceans.C D30.Small distinctions among stamps, unimportant to the person average, would meanAB Ca great deal to the stamp collector.D31. Members of a nation's foreign service represent that country's interests abroadABand report on the conditions, trends, and policies of the country which they areCDstationed.32. Abraham Lincoln's boyhood home resembled those of many others mid-westernABpioneers, with its dirt floor, sleeping loft, and crude fireplace.C D33. Dwelling primarily in the ice northern polar seas, beluga whales areA BCcharacteristically small, white, agile, and elusive.D34.There is evidence that the caribou originated into North America and crossed overA BCal land bridge into Asia and evolved into the Old World's reindeer.D35. The bold way in which Margaret Mead defined the terms "family" - based asA BCmuch on choice as on biological relationship - is possibly the most enduring of herDlegacies.36.The planet Mars is a freezing, barren deserts with huge, dry canyons and toweringA B CDvolcanoes.37. Of the many machines invented in the late nineteenth century, none had a greatAB Cimpact on the United States economy than the automobile.D38. A number of the Pacific Islands are volcanoes that have pushed up from the oceanABfloor, others are the tops sunken mountain ranges.C D39. It has been reported that during any twenty-four hour period, a minimal of threeA BBhundred North American women start their own businesses.D40. Archeological studies have provided evidence that the use of plants for decorationA B Cas well as for food developed early in the history.D96年10月TOFEL 阅读(Page47-48)CQuestion 1-8When Jules Verne wrote Journey to the Center of the Earth in 1864, there were many conflicting theories about the nature of the Earth's interior. Some geologists thought that it contained a highly compressed ball of incandescent gas, while others suspected that it consisted of separate shells, each made of a different material. Today, well over a century later, there is still little direct evidence of what lies beneath our feet. Most of our knowledge of the Earth's interior comes not from mines or boreholes, but from the study of seismic waves - powerful pulses of energy released by earthquakes.The way that seismic waves travel shows that the Earth's interior is far from uniform. Thecontinents and the seabed are formed by the crust - a thin sphere of relatively light, solid rock. Beneath the crust lies the mantle, a very different layer that extends approximately halfway to the Earth's center. There the rock is the subject of a battle between increasing heat and growing pressure.In its high levels, the mantle is relatively cool; at greater depths, high temperatures make the rock behave more like a liquid than a solid. Deeper still, the pressure is even more intense, preventing the rock from melting in spite of a higher temperature.Beyond a depth of around 2,900 kilometers, a great change takes place and the mantle gives way to the core. Some seismic waves cannot pass through the core and others are bent by it. From this and other evidence, geologists conclude that the outer core is probably liquid, with a solid center. It is almost certainly made of iron, mixed with smaller amounts of other elements such as nickel.The conditions in the Earth's core make it a far more alien world than space. Its solid iron heart is subjected to unimaginable pressure and has a temperature of about 9,000oF. Although scientists can speculate about its nature, neither humans nor machines will ever be able to visit it.1. The word "conflicting" in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) controlling(B) outdated(C) opposing(D) important2. What is today's richest source of information about the Earth's interior for geologists?(A) Boreholes(B) Shells(C) Seismic waves(D) Mines3. The word "There" in line 12 refers to the(A) mantle(B) crust(C) seabed(D) Earth's center.4. Which of the following is a primary characteristic of the Earth's mantle?(A) Light, solid rock(B) Uniformity of composition(C) Dramatically increasing pressure(D) Compressed, incandescent gas5. The phrase "gives way to" in line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) runs along(B) rubs against(C) turns into(D) floats on6. The word "it" in line 19 refers to(A) mantle(B) core(C) change(D) depth7. Why does the author state in line 22 that the Earth's core is "more alien" than space?(A) Government funds are not available to study the Earth's core.(B) Scientists aren't interested in the characteristics of the Earth's core.(C) It is impossible to go to the Earth's core to do research.(D) The Earth's core is made of elements that are dangerous to humans.8. The word "speculate" in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) report(B) learn(C) worry(D) hypothesizeQuestion 9-20Despite the road improvements of the turnpike era (1790-1830). Americans continued as in colonial times to depend wherever possible on water routes for travel and transportation. The larger rivers, especially the Mississippi and the Ohio, became increasingly useful as steamboats grew in number and improved in design.River boats carried to New Orleans the corn and other crops of northwestern farmers, the cotton and tobacco of southwestern planters. From New Orleans, ships took the cargoes on to eastern seaports. Neither the farmers of the west nor the merchants of the east were completely satisfied with this pattern of trade. Farmers could get better prices for their crops if the alternative existedof sending them directly eastward to market and merchants could sell larger quantities of their manufactured goods if these could be transported more directly and more economically to the west. New waterways were needed. Sectional jealousies and constitutional scruples stood in the way of action by the federal government and necessary expenditures were too great for private enterprise. If extensive canals were to be dug, the job would be up to the various states.New York was the first to act. It had the natural advantage of a comparatively level route between the Hudson River and Lake Erie, through the only break in the entire Appalachian Mountain chain. Yet the engineering tasks were imposing. The distance was more than 350 miles and there were ridges to cross and a wilderness of woods and swamps to penetrate. The Erie Canal begun in 1817 and completed in 1825, was by far the greatest construction job that Americans had ever undertaken. It quickly proved a financial success as well. The prosperity of the Erie encouraged the state to enlarge its canal system by building several branches.The range of the New York canal system was still further extended when the states of Ohio and Indiana, inspired by the success of the Erie Canal, provided water connections between Lake Erie and the Ohio River.9. What does the passage suggest was the principal route for transporting crops to the east prior in1825?(A) River to road(B) Canal to river(C) River to ocean(D) Road to canal.10. It can be inferred from the passage that shipping cargo east by way of New Orleans was(A) Advantageous for manufactures(B) Inexpensive for merchants(C) Not economical for farmers(D) Considered economical by the government11. The word "alternative" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) option(B) transition(C) intention(D) authorization12. The word "them" in line 9 refers to(A) crops(B) farmers(C) prices(D) merchants13. Which of the following products would a northwestern farmer in the early nineteenthcentury be most likely to purchase from the east?(A) Grain(B) Vegetables(C) Textiles(D) Fruit.14. According to the passage, where was the Erie Canal located?(A) Between Ohio and Indiana.(B) Along the Appalachian Mountains(C) Between Lake Erie and the Ohio River(D) Across New York State.15. The word "imposing" in line 18 could best be replaced by(A) impractical(B) successful(C) demanding(D) misleading16. The word "penetrate" in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) cut down(B) go through(C) fill up(D) take over17. The word "its" in line 22 refers to(A) prosperity(B) Erie(C) System(D) State18. The word "extended" in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) increased(B) constructed(C) deepened(D) measured19. According to the passage, Indiana and Ohio supported the development of the New Yorkcanal system by(A) helping to build the Erie Canal.(B) Building branches to connect it with the Ohio River(C) Providing much of the water for the Erie Canal.(D) Contributing financially to the construction costs20. What does the paragraph following the passage probably discuss?(A) Industry on Lake Erie(B) Canals in Ohio and Indiana(C) Sectional jealousies in Indiana and Ohio(D) Travel on the Erie Canal.Question 21-31Legend has it that sometime toward the end of the Civil War (1861-1865) a government train carrying oxen traveling through the northern plains of eastern Wyoming was caught in a snowstorm and had to be abandoned. The driver returned the next spring to see what had become of his cargo. Instead of the skeletons he had expected to find, he saw his oxen, living, fat, and healthy. How had they survived?The answer lay in a resource that unknowing Americans lands trampled underfoot in their haste to cross the "Great American Desert" to reach lands that sometimes proved barren. In the eastern parts of the United States, the preferred grass for forage was a cultivated plant. It grew well with enough rain, then when cut and stored it would cure and become nourishing hay for winter feed. But in the dry grazing lands of the West that familiar bluejoint grass was often killed by drought. To raise cattle out there seemed risky or even hopeless.Who could imagine a fairy-tale grass that required no rain and somehow made it possible for cattle to feed themselves all winter? But the surprising western wild grasses did just that. They had wonderfully convenient features that made them superior to the cultivated eastern grasses. Variously known as buffalo grass, grama grass, or mesquite grass, not only were they immune to drought; but they were actually preserved by the lack of summer and autumn rains. They were not juicy like the cultivated eastern grasses, but had short, hard stems. And they did not need to be cured in a barn, but dried right where they grew on the ground. When they dried in this way, they remained naturally sweet and nourishing through the winter. Cattle left outdoors to fend for themselves thrived on this hay. And the cattle themselves helped plant the fresh grass year after year for they trampled the natural seeds firmly into the soil to be watered by the melting snows of winter and the occasional rains of spring. The dry summer air cured them much as storing in a barn cured the cultivated grasses.21. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Western migration after the Civil War(B) The climate of the western United States(C) The raising of cattle.(D) A type of wild vegetation22. What can be inferred by the phrase "Legend has it" in line 1?(A) The story of the train may not be completely factual.(B) Most history books include the story of the train.(C) The driver of the train invented the story.(D) The story of the train is similar to other ones from that time period.23. The word "they" in line 5 refers to(A) plains(B) skeletons(C) oxen(D) Americans24. What can be inferred about the "Great American Desert" mentioned in line 7?(A) It was not originally assumed to be a fertile area.(B) Many had settled there by the 1860's.(C) It was a popular place to raise cattle before the Civil War.(D) It was not discovered until the late 1800's.25. The word "barren" in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) lonely(B) dangerous(C) uncomfortable(D) infertile.26. The word "preferred" in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) ordinary(B) available(C) required(D) favored27. Which of the following can be inferred about the cultivated grass mentioned in the secondparagraph?(A) Cattle raised in the western United States refused to eat it.(B) It would probably not grow in the western United States.(C) It had to be imported into the United States.(D) It was difficult for cattle to digest.28. Which of the following was NOT one of the names given to the Western grasses?(A) Grama grass(B) Bluejoint grass(C) Buffalo grass(D) Mesquite grass29. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a characteristic of western grasses?(A) They have tough stems.(B) They are not affected by dry weather.(C) They can be grown indoors.(D) They contain little moisture.30. The word "hard" in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) firm(B) severe(C) difficult(D) bitter31. According to the passage, the cattle helped promote the growth of the wild grasses by(A) stepping on and pressing the seeds into the ground(B) naturally fertilizing the soil(C) continually moving from one grazing area to another(D) eating only small quantities of grass.Question 32-44Seventeenth-century houses in colonial North America were simple structures that were primarily functional carrying over traditional designs that went back to the Middle Ages. During the first half of the eighteenth century, however, houses began to show a new elegance. As wealth increased, more and more colonists built fine houses.Since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies, the design of buildings was left either to amateur designers or to carpenters who undertook to interpret architectural manuals imported from England. Inventories of colonial libraries show an astonishing number of these handbooks for builders, and the houses erected during the eighteenth century show their influence. Nevertheless, most domestic architecture of the first three-quarters of the eighteenth century displays a wide divergence of taste and freedom of application of the rules laid down in these books.Increasing wealth and growing sophistication throughout the colonies resulted in houses of improved design, whether the material was wood, stone, or brick. New England still favored wood, though brick houses became common in Boston and other towns, where the danger of fire gave an impetus to the use of more durable material. A few houses in New England were built of stone,。
托福全真试题
93-01 93年1月TOEFL听力A1. (A) Did you move the chair or did Ed do it?(B) Ed wants to move the chair.(C) Please move the chair Ed.(D) Ed forgot to move the chair, so will you do it?2. (A) Diane respects her teacher.(B) The teacher is looking at Diane.(C) Diane is taller than her teacher.(D) Diane doesn't like her teacher's looks.3. (A) I must take my groceries home.(B) I didn't bring my shopping list with me.(C) My left wrist is sore.(D) I need to go home for a rest.4. (A) I thought the novel would be better.(B) The novel is surprisingly good.(C) The novel is just what I hoped it would be.(D) I think the novel is quite boring.5. (A) Someone assisted him with the work.(B) Someone should do the work, or him.(C) He didn't quite finish the work.(D) He didn't work long enough.6. (A) At what time must you leave?(B) Have you forgotten what day it is?(C) What still needs to be done today?(D) Who left the tray here yesterday?7. (A) No one knew what the formal requirements were.(B) There was no need for us to get dressed up.(C) They asked for our former address.(D) Everyone was wearing formal suits or gowns.8. (A) I seldom have meat.(B) I like to eat early.(C) I never buy meat.(D) I prefer my meat rare.9. (A) Rita's roommate helped her to pack.(B) Rita's roommate needed help packing.(C) Rita's got the package for her roommate.(D) Rita had her baggage with her.10. (A) I figured the expenses on the last page.(B) Your plan will cost too much.(C) Drawing can be an expensive hobby.(D) You should go back to your original plan.11. (A) Both of us were exhausted.(B) We always tried to rest after exercising.(C) I turned over and went to sleep again.(D) I was overtired and couldn't sleep.12. (A) How could you forget to put the salt out.(B) I thought I bought salt last week, but I could be wrong.(C) I bought salt a few days ago; it can't be finished yet.(D) Did someone else also buy salt?13. (A) Let's not make them at all.(B) Don't make them use it all.(C) Leslie wouldn't share her work with them.(D) We should share the work with them.14. (A) She left the hospital and resumed her classes.(B) She went to the hospital after class.(C) She didn't complete her classes because she went to the hospital.(D) She was released from class so she could go to the hospital.15. (A) Our phone service was turned off.(B) They added another telephone.(C) Our phone service began today.(D) They refused to repair our telephone.16. (A) The frightened puppy was licking Lois hand.(B) Lois is not afraid to give a speech now.(C) Some people came over to speak to Lois.(D) Lois will hear about the fair tonight.17. (A) It's too bad you haven't worked harder.(B) We haven't heard a word about your work.(C) We'd like to walk to work with you.(D) You'll be well repaid for working so hard.18. (A) You can honestly say what you think.(B) Believe me the tray is not much use.(C) Frankly, I don't think much of Ray.(D) In my opinion the play was not very good.19. (A) She overlooked my paper by mistake.(B) She wanted us to review our own papers.(C) She asked us over to discuss the errors.(D) She said she would look at the papers again.20. (A) Two people walked in late for the movie.(B) Most of the people left before the movie was over.(C) A few people had to stand to watch the movie.(D) Some people moved their seats during the movie.21. (A) He can't go this weekend.(B) He has a hole in his bathing suit.(C) They should stay at the beach longer.(D) They shouldn't spend much money.22. (A) Turn the alarm off.(B) Live on a farm.(C) Move his alarm clock.(D) Go to bed earlier.23. (A) He hasn't had time to find another apartment.(B) His mother dusted her apartment the day before last.(C) He hasn't cleaned the apartment since his mother visited.(D) His mother was the last person to come over to his apartment.24. (A) Making a pot of coffee.(B) Trying different brands of coffee.(C) Drinking less coffee.(D) Getting a different coffeepot.25. (A) Some music cassettes.(B) Some school supplies.(C) Something to drink.(D) Something to eat.26. (A) He has finished his biology project.(B) He'll feel happier when the project is completed.(C) He's annoyed with everyone.(D) He took a nap in biology class.27. (A) She knows very little about bicycles.(B) She doesn't want the man to study.(C) The man likes to study outdoors.(D) The man isn't ready to study yet.28. (A) Try to find it in the house.(B) Repair the roof.(C) Lend his friend a pen.(D) Become extremely angry.29. (A) She agrees with the man.(B) She didn't hear what the man said.(C) She is surprised by his opinion.(D) She thinks he should look at it again.30. (A) The weather forecast has often been wrong.(B) No more rain is needed.(C) It's going to rain today.(D) They'll have more time tomorrow.31. (A) Ann should shut the door.(B) Ann should be quieter.(C) Ann shouldn't have stayed at the library so long.(D) Ann shouldn't have returned home.32. (A) Doris asked someone to build them.(B) Both she and Doris worked on them.(C) They didn't need to be fixed.(D) Not all of them were hers.33. (A) Bob doesn't have to stay until after his exams.(B) Bob will get into trouble if he doesn't stay.(C) Bob can't take his exams home with him.(D) Bob can't find a way to solve the problem.34. (A) He lost it.(B) He used it last night.(C) He was the last to use it.(D) He finally brought it back.35. (A) The novel wasn't so difficult to read.(B) She can't remember the author's name.(C) There were many comic characters.(D) She read it a long time ago.36. (A) One of his classes finished early.(B) He wanted to get some studying done.(C) The library had a special display on the industrial Revolution.(D) His books were ten days overdue.37. (A) Checked them out.(B) Took notes on them.(C) Returned them to the shelves.(D) Put them in his book bag.38. (A) They are marked with colored labels.(B) They are specially coded.(C) They are checked out.(D) They are inspected by the guard.39. (A) Copies down the name and the address of each borrower.(B) Checks all books for missing pages.(C) Demagnetizes the books as they are checked out.(D) Helps students use the card catalog.40. (A) To explain the importance of learning rhythm and harmony in jazz.(B) To show that jazz is not really music at all.(C) To point out similarities between jazz and classical music.(D) To describe what makes a good jazz performance.41. (A) They memorize their music before performing it.(B) They are more famous than performers of other kinds of music.(C) They perform their music as a means of individual self expression.(D) They possess detailed knowledge of the rules of jazz performers.42. (A) Practice various jazz rhythms.(B) Interview a jazz musician.(C) Watch a film about jazz performers.(D) Listen to some recordings of jazz music.43. (A) To Colorado.(B) To Arizona.(C) To the Nile River.(D) To the Museum of Natural History.44. (A) Archaeological.(B) Biological.(C) Meteorological.(D) Sociological.45. (A) In a cave.(B) In a river.(C) In a tree.(D) In a boat.46. (A) Solve a mystery.(B) See the canyon.(C) Find some driftwood.(D) Take some photographs.47. (A) A radio broadcast.(B) A political discussion.(C) A sales promotion.(D) A health documentary.48. (A) Where fruit is grown.(B) How fruit becomes ripe.(C) Why fruit falls from trees.(D) Which fruits are edible.49. (A) The fruit itself.(B) The air surrounding the fruit.(C) The spray applied by farmers.(D) The tree or vines to which the fruit is attached.50. (A) The fruit loses its sweetness.(B) The fruit falls off the tree.(C) Bees begin to pollinate the fruit.(D) The temperature inside the fruit increases.B1. --- that as both birds and mammals become larger, their metabolic rates er unit of tissuedecrease, and they generally live longer.(A) The truth(B) If true(C) It is true(D) To be true2. Asteroids are small and therefore very difficult to identify, even when --- to Earth.(A) quite closely(B) are being quite close(C) are they quite closely(D) they are quite close3. A number of modern sculptors have rejected --- of minimal and environmental art anddeveloped a style of extreme realism.(A) which abstract qualities(B) there are abstract qualities(C) the abstract qualities(D) the qualities are abstract4. --- tributaries of the Mississippi River system were navigated by steamboats during the periodbefore the outbreak of the Civil War.(A) More than forty(B) More than forty were(C) Forty more than(D) There were more than forty5. Mary Eliza McDowell's introduction to social service came --- , when she assisted victims ofthe great Chicago Fire of 1871.(A) was sixteen years old(B) had sixteen years(C) at age sixteen(D) sixteen6. Young herons are helpless for a few weeks --- they learn to fly.(A) how(B) before(C) despite(D) since 7. The history of painting is a fascinating chain of events that probably began with ---.(A) ever made the very first pictures(B) the ever made very first pictures(C) the very first ever made pictures(D) the very first pictures ever made8. The center of gravity of the human body --- behind the hip joint.(A) locates(B) locating(C) to locate(D) is located9. The leaves and stems of the alfalfa plant are the only parts of the plant ---.(A) the uses for livestock fees(B) for using livestock feed(C) used for livestock feed(D) they are used for livestock feed10. --- choose to live in or near metropolitan areas simply because they like the rapid pace of citylife.(A) So large numbers of people to(B) There are large numbers of people(C) Large numbers of people(D) Large numbers of people who11. --- to space travelers is high acceleration or deceleration forces.(A) Danger can be(B) They can be dangerous(C) What can be dangerous(D) While danger12. Organic chemistry has made many new products---.(A) possible(B) as possible(C) are possible(D) they are possible13. Perfectly matched pearls, strung into a necklace, --- a far higher price than the same pearlssold individually.(A) in order to bring(B) their bringing(C) bringing(D) bring14. Some metropolitan newspapers would make sizable volumes --- in book form.(A) than the print(B) print them(C) if printed(D) they are printed15. Pennsylvania ranks high among the states population --- many areas are sparsely settled.(A) and yet(B) so even(C) if not(D) except for16. Since the beginning of this century, the United States government has played an role in the A supervision and use of the nation's natural resources.B C D17. Between 1906 and 1917, political activist Emma Goldma devoted most of her efforts to A B Cwriting, traveling and lectured. D18. Height, powerful and speed are attributes that coaches often look for in basketball players. A B C D19. Many of society's wealth is controlled by large corporations and government agencies. A B C D20. Pieces of eighteenth-century porcelain they are frequently dug up in excavations at A B C D williamsburg Virginia.21. A major purpose of scientific analysis is to identify and examine causal connections between A B Cindependent and dependence variables.D22. Vaccines for some rare diseases are given only to persons which risk exposure to the disease. A B C D23. Recause it is a healthful way to exercise aerobic dancing is considered an excellent method A B Cfor release tension.D24. Doppler radar can be used to determine the direction which in the particles of a cloud are A B Cmoving. D25. Applied research aims at some specific objective, such as the development of a new produce, A B C process, or material. D26. Most of the food what elephants eat is brought to their mouths by their trunks.A B C D27. The highly respect zoologist Ernest Just joined the ruling board of the Marine Biological A B C DLaboratory in the 1930's.28. Clementine Hunter's primitive paintings have been exhibited at various galleries, included A B C Done at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C.29. Alike a chicken, the grouse has four toes, with the hind one raised above the ground.A B C D30. Membership in labor unions in the United States reached its peak of 17 millions members in A B C D1960.31. The newer kinds of seeds produce corn it has much greater food value than older kinds.A B C D32. In meteorology, either the formation of clouds and the precipitation of dew, rain, and snoware A Bknown as condensation.C D33. Varieties of yellow grapes that have tender skin, rich flavor and high sugar content are A B Cespecially suited with making raisins.D34. Despite resistance in some parts of Canada, the conversion to metric measurement have been A B Csaid to be largely successful.D35. The most safest way to watch a solar eclipse is for one to look at it in a mirror while wearing A B C Ddark glasses.36. Chied Joseph La Flesche, a vigorous Omaha leader, worked hardly to make his nation aproud A B C and progressive one. D37. The diamond is the only gemstone composed with just one chemical element, carbon.A B C D38. In 1941 Orson Welles produced Citizen Kane a film noted for its technical brilliant, structural A Bcomplexity, and Literate treatment of a controversial biographical subject.C D39. Wildlife conservationists say the cover that foliage provides for animals is equal in A B Cimportance to the food supplying.D40. The Leyden jar was one of the earliest form of condensers invented to store an electrical A B C Dcharge.CPassage 1Bacteria are extremely small living things. While we measure our own sizes in inches or centimeters, bacterial size is measured in microns. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter a pinhead is about a millimeter across. Rod shaped bacteria are usually from two to tour microns long, while rounded ones are generally one micron in diameter Thus if you enlarged a founded bacterium a thousand times, it would be just about the size of a pinhead. An adult human magnified by the same amount would be over a mile (1.6 kilometers) tallEven with an ordinary microscope, you must look closely to see bacteria. Using a magnification of 100 times, one finds that bacteria are barely visible as tiny rods or dots One cannot make out anything of their structure. Using special stains, one can see that some bacteria have attached to them wavy - looking "hairs" called flagella. Others have only one flagellum. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria though the water. Many bacteria lack flagella and cannot move about by their own power while others can glide along over surfaces by some little understood mechanism.From the bacterial point of view, the world is a very different place from what it is to humans To a bacterium water is as thick as molasses is to us. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements of the chemical molecules around them. Bacteria under the microscope, even those with no flagella, often bounce about in the water. This is because they collide with the water molecules and are pushed this way and that. Molecules move so rapidly that within a tenth of a second the molecules around a bacterium have all been replaced by new ones even bacteria without flagella are thus constantly exposed to a changing environment.1 Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?(A) The characteristics of bacteria(B) How bacteria reproduce(C) The various functions of bacteria(A) How bacteria contribute to disease2. Bacteria are measured in(A) inches(B) centimeters(C) microns(D)millimeters3. Which of the following is the smallest?(A) A pinhead(B) A rounded bacterium(C) A microscope(D)A rod - shaped bacterium4. According to the passage, someone who examines bacteria using only a microscope that magnifies 100 times would see(A)tiny dots(B) small "hairs"(C) large rods(D) detailed structures5. The relationship between a bacterium and its flagella is most nearly analogous to which of the following?(A) A rider jumping on a horse's back(B) A ball being hit by a bat(C) A boat powered by a motor(D) A door closed by a gust of wind6. In line 16, the author compares water to molasses, in order to introduce which of the following topics?(A) The bacterial content of different liquids(B) What happens when bacteria are added to molasses(C) The molecular structures of different chemicals(D) How difficult it is for bacteria to move through waterPassage 2One of the most popular literary figures in American literature is a woman who spent almost half of her long life in China, a country on a continent thousands of miles from the Unite States. In her lifetime she earned this country's most highly acclaimed literary award: the Pulitzer Prize, and also the most prestigious form of literary recognition in the world, the Nobel Prize for Literature. Pearl S. Buck was almost a household word throughout much of her lifetime because of her prolific literary output, which consisted of some eighty - five published works, including several dozen novels, six collections of short stories, fourteen books for children, and more than a dozen works of nonfiction. When she was eighty years old, some twenty - five volumes were awaiting publication. Many of those books were set in China, the land in which she spent so much of her life. Her books and her life served as a bridge between the cultures of the East and the West. As the product of those two cultures she became as the described herself, "mentally bifocal." Her unique background made her into an unusually interesting and versatile human being. As we examine the life of Pearl Buck, we cannot help but be aware that we are in fact meeting three separate people: a wife and mother, an internationally famous writer and a humanitarian and philanthropist. One cannot really get to know Pearl Buck without learning about each of the three. Though honored in her lifetime with the William Dean Howell Medal of the American Academy of Arts and Letters in addition to the Nobel and Pulitzer prizes. Pearl Buck as a total human being, not only a famous author. i s a captivating subject of study.1.What is the author's main purpose in the passage?(A) To offer a criticism of the works of Pearl Buck.(B) To illustrate Pearl Buck's views on Chinese literature(C) To indicate the background and diverse interests of Pearl Buck(D) To discuss Pearl Buck's influence on the cultures of the East and the West2. According to the passage, Pearl Buck is known as a writer of all of the following EXCEPT(A) novels(B) children's books(C) poetry(D) short stories3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as an award received by Pearl Buck?(A) The Nobel Prize(B) The Newberry Medal(C) The William Dean Howell medal(D) The Pulitzer prize4. According to the passage, Pearl Buck was an unusual figure in American literature in that she(A) wrote extensively about a very different culture(B) published half of her books abroad(C) won more awards than any other woman of her time(D) achieved her first success very late in life5. According to the passage, Pearl Buck described herself as "mentally bifocal" to suggest thatshe was(A) capable of resolving thc differences between two distinct linguistic systems(B) keenly aware of how the past could influence the future(C) capable of producing literary works of interest to both adults and children(D) equally familiar with two different cultural environments1. The author's attitude toward Peart Buck could best be described as(A) indifferent(B) admiring(C) sympathetic(D) tolerantPassage 3When we accept the evidence of our unaided eyes and describe the Sun as a yellow star, we have summed up the most important single fact about it-at this moment in time.It appears probable, however, that sunlight will be the color we know for only a negligibly small part of the Sun's history.Stars, like individuals, age and change. As we look out into space, We see around us stars at all stages of evolution. There are faint blood-red dwarfs so cool that their surface temperature is a mere 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit, there are searing ghosts blazing at 100, 000 degrees Fahrenheit and almost too hot to be seen, for the great part of their radiation is in the invisible ultraviolet range. Obviously, the "daylight" produced by any star depends on its temperature; today(and for ages to come) our Sun is at about 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit, and this means that most of the Sun's light is concentrated in the yellow band of the spectrum, falling slowly in intensity toward both the longer and shorter light waves.That yellow "hump" will shift as the Sun evolves, and the light of day will change accordingly. It is natural to assume that as the Sun grows older, and uses up its hydrogen fuel-which it is now doing at the spanking rate of half a billion tons a second- it will become steadily colder and redder.1.What is the passage mainly about?(A)Faint dwarf stars(B)The evolutionary cycle of the Sun(C)The Sun's fuel problem(D)The dangers of invisible radiation2.What does the author say is especially important about the Sun at the present time?(A) It appears yellow(B) It always remains the same(C) It has a short history(D) It is too cold3. Why are very hot stars referred to as "ghosts"?(A)They are short- lived.(B) They are mysterious.(C)They are frightening.(D) They are nearly invisible.4. According to the passage as the Sun continues to age, it is likely to become what color?(A) Yellow(B) Violet(C) Red(D) White5.In line 15,to which of the following does "it"refer?(A)yellow "hump"(B)day(C)Sun(D)hydrogen fuelPassage 4If by "suburb" is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830'sand 1840's were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abuttedthe older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse - drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass - scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle class whose desires for homeownership In neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single - family housing tracts.1.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?(A) The growth of Philadelphia(B) The Origin of the Suburb(C) The Development of City Transportation(D) The Rise of the Urban Middle Class2. The author mentions that areas bordering the cities have grown during periods of(A) industrialization(B) inflation(C) revitalization(D) unionization3. In line 10 the word "encroachment" refers to which of the following?(A) The smell of the factories(B) The growth of mill towns(C) The development of waterways(D) The loss of jobs4. Which of the following was NCT mentioned in the passage as a factor in nineteenth - century suburbanization?(A) Cheaper housing(B) Urban crowding(C)The advent of an urban middle class(D) The invention of the electric streetcar5. It can be inferred from the passage that after 1890 most people traveled around cities by(A) automobile(B) cart(C)horse - draw trolley(D)electric streetcar6. Where in the passage does the author describe the cities as they were prior to suburbanization.(A)Lines 3-5(B)Lines S-9(C)Lines 12- 13(D) Lines 15-18Passage 5The first English attempts to colonize North America were controlled by individuals rather than companies. Sir Humphrey Gilbert was the first Englishman to send colonists to the New World. His intrial expedition, which sailed in 1578 with a patent granted by Queen Elizabeth was defeated by the Spanish. A second attempt ended in disaster in 1583, when Giblert and hisship were lost in a storm. In the following year, Gilbert's half brother, Sir Water Raleigh, having obtained a renewal of the patent, sponsored an expedition that explored the coast of the regionthat he named "Virgina." Under Raleigh's direction efforts were then made to establish a colony on Roanoke island in 1585 an6 1587. The survivors of the first settlement on Roanoke returned to England in 1586, but the second group of colonists disappeared without leaving a trace. The failure of the Gilbert and Raleigh ventures made it clear that the tasks they had undertaken were too big for any one colonizer. Within a short time the trading company had supplanted the individual promoter of colonization.1. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?(A)The Regulation of Trading Companies(B)British - Spanish Rivalry in the New World(C)Early Attempts at Colonizing North America(D)Royal Patents Issued in the 16th Century2. The passage states which of the following about the first English people to be involved in establishing colonies in North America?(A)They were requested to do so by Queen Elizabeth.(B)They were members of large trading companies.(C)They were immediately successful.(D)They were acting on their own.3.According to the passage, which of the following statements about Sir HumphreyGilbert is true?(A) He never settled in North America.(B) His trading company was given a patent by the queen.(C) He fought the Spanish twice.(D) He died in 1587. 4. When did Sir Walter Raleigh's initial expedition set out for North America?(A)1577(B)1579(C)1582(D)15845. Which of the following can be infered from the passage about members of the first Roanoke settlement?(A)They explored the entire coastal region.(B)Some did not survive.(C)They named the area "Virginia".(D) Most were not experienced sailors.6. According to the passage, the first English settlement on Roanoke Island was established in(A)1578(B)1583(C)1585(D)15877. According to the passage, which of; the following statements about the second settlement on Roanoke Island is true?(A) Its settlers all gave up and returned to England.(B) It lasted for several years.(C) The fate of its inhabitants is unknown.(D) It was conquered by the Spanish. 。
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TOEFL全真试题1Reading Comprehension Time: 55 minutes (including the reading of thedirections). Now set your clock for 55 minutes.Question 1-12 Orchids areunique in having the most highly developed of all blossoms, in which the usualmale and female reproductive organs are fused in a single structure called thecolumn. The column is designed so that a single pollination will fertilize hundreds of thousands, and in some cases millions, of seeds, so microscopic andlight they are easily carried by the breeze. Surrounding the column are threesepals and three petals, sometimes easily recognizable as such, often distortedinto gorgeous, weird, but always functional shapes. The most noticeable ofthe petals is called the labellum, or lip. It is often dramaticallymarked asan unmistakable landing strip to attract the specific insect the orchid haschosen as its pollinator.To lure their pollinators from afar, orchids useappropriately intriguing shapes, colors, and scents. At least 50 different aromatic compounds have been analyzed in the orchid family, each blended toattract one, or at most a few, species of insects or birds. Some orchids evenchange their scents to interest different insects at different times. Once theright insect has been attracted, some orchids present all sorts of one-way obstacle courses to make sure it does not leave until pollen has been accurately placed or removed. By such ingenious adaptations to specific pollinators, orchids have avoided the hazards of rampant crossbreeding in thewild, assuring the survival of species as discrete identities. At the same time they have made themselves irresistible to collectors. 1. What does thepassage mainly discuss?(A) Birds(B) Insects(C) Flowers (D) Perfume 2 Theorchid is unique because of(A) the habitat in which it lives(B) thestructure of its blossom(C) the variety of products that can be made fromit(D) the length of its life 3 The word fused in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) combined(B) hidden(C) fertilized(D) produced 4 How manyorchid seeds are typically pollinated at one time?(A) 200(B) 2,000(C)20,000(D) 200,000 5 Which of the following is a kind of petal?(A) Thecolumn(B) The sepal(C) The stem(D) The labellum 6 The labellum(line7) ismost comparable to(A) a microscope(B) an obstacle course (C) an airportrunway(D) a racetrack7 The word lure in line 10 is closest in meaningto(A) attract(B) recognize(C) follow(D) help8 Which of the followingis NOT mentioned as a means by which an orchid attracts insects?(A) Size(B)Shape(C) Color(D) Perfume9 The word their in line 13refers to(A)orchids(B) birds(C) insects(D) species10 Which of the followingstatements about orchids scents does the passage support?(A) They areeffective only when an insect is near the blossom.(B) Harmful insects arerepelled by them.(C) They are difficult to tell apart.(D) They may change atdifferent times.11 The word placed in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A)estimated(B) measured(C) deposited(D) identified12 The word discretein line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) complicated(B) separate (C)inoffensive(D) functionalTOEFL全真试题2Reading Comprehension Time: 55 minutes (including the reading of thedirections). Now set your clock for 55 minutes.Question 1-12 Orchids areunique in having the most highly developed of all blossoms, in which themale and female reproductive organs are fused in a single structure called thecolumn. The column is designed so that a single pollination will fertilize hundreds of thousands, and in some cases millions, of seeds, so microscopic andlight they are easily carried by the breeze. Surrounding the column are threesepals and three petals, sometimes easily recognizable as such, often distortedinto gorgeous, weird, but always functional shapes. The most noticeable ofthe petals is called the labellum, or lip. It is often dramatically marked asan unmistakable landing strip to attract the specific insect the orchid haschosen as its pollinator.To lure their pollinators from afar, orchids useappropriately intriguing shapes, colors, and scents. At least 50 different aromatic compounds have been analyzed in the orchid family, each blended toattract one, or at most a few, species of insects or birds. Some orchidschange their scents to interest different insects at different times. Once theright insect has been attracted, some orchids present all sorts of one-way obstacle courses to make sure it does not leave until pollen has been accurately placed or removed. By such ingenious adaptations to specific pollinators, orchids have avoided the hazards of rampant crossbreeding in thewild, assuring the survival of species as discrete identities. At the same time they have made themselves irresistible to collectors. 1. What does thepassage mainly discuss?(A) Birds(B) Insects(C) Flowers (D) Perfume 2 Theorchid is unique because of(A) the habitat in which it lives(B) thestructure of its blossom(C) the variety of products that can be made fromit(D) the length of its life 3 The word fused in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) combined(B) hidden(C) fertilized(D) produced 4 How manyorchid seeds are typically pollinated at one time?(A) 200(B) 2,000(C)20,000(D) 200,000 5 Which of the following is a kind of petal?(A) Thecolumn(B) The sepal(C) The stem(D) The labellum 6 The labellum(line7) ismost comparable to(A) a microscope(B) an obstacle course (C) an airportrunway(D) a racetrack7 The word lure in line 10 is closest in meaningto(A) attract(B) recognize(C) follow(D) help8 Which of the followingis NOT mentioned as a means by which an orchid attracts insects?(A) Size(B)Shape(C) Color(D) Perfume9 The word their in line 13 refers to(A)orchids(B) birds(C) insects(D) species10 Which of the followingstatements about orchids scents does the passage support?(A) They areeffective only when an insect is near the blossom.(B) Harmful insects arerepelled by them.(C) They are difficult to tell apart.(D) They may change atdifferent times.11 The word placed in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A)estimated(B) measured(C) deposited(D) identified12 The word discretein line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) complicated(B) separate (C)inoffensive(D) functionalTOEFL全真试题31. A microscope can reveal vastly ______detail than is visible to the nakedeye.(A) than(B) than more(C) more than(D) more 2. Narcissus bulbs ______at least three inches apart and covered with about four inches of well drainedsoil.(A) should be planted(B) to plant(C) must planting (D) shouldplant 3. Industrialization has been responsible for ______ most radical of theenvironmental changes caused by humans.(A) a (B) the(C) some of which(D)which are the 4. In many areas the slope and topography of the land______excess rainfall to run off into a natural outlet.(A) neither permit (B)without permitting(C) nor permitting(D) do not permit 5. Color and light,taken together, ______ the aesthetic impact of the interior of a building.(A)very powerfully influence(B) very influence powerfully(C) powerfully veryinfluence(D) influence powerfully very 6. ______ that Rachel Carsons 1962book Silent Spring was one of the chief sources of inspiration for the development of nontoxic pesticides.(A) There is likely(B) Likely to be(C)It is likely(D) Likely7. Total color blindness, ______, is the result of adefect in the retina.(A) a rare condition that(B) a rare condition (C) thata rare condition(D) is a rare condition8. ______ no conclusive evidenceexists, many experts believe that the wheel was invented only once and thendiffused to the rest of the world.(A) Even(B) But(C) Although(D) So9.Wherever there is plenty of rain during the growing season, life is ______ invarious forms.(A) abundant (B) the abundance(C) an abundant(D) itabundantTOEFL全真试题4Structure and Written Expression Time: 25 minutes (including the readingof the directions) Now set your clock for 25 minutes.Structure 1 Wind motioncan be observed in the mesosphere by ______ the trails of meteors passingthrough it.(A) to watch (B) watching (C) watched (D) watch 2 Thomas Edison sfirst patented invention was a device ____in Congress.(A) votes counted for(B) had been counting votes (C) for counting votes (D) be a counted vote 3Clara Bow, a popular actress in the 1992 s,retired______she was unable to makethe transition from silent films to sound films.(A) nevertheless (B) in spiteof (C) because (D) and for 4 Built in 1882,the Kinzua Viaduct in Mckean County,Pennsylvania, is open only to those visitors _____ are able to walk its 2058-foot length.(A) who (B) to whom (C) which they (D) that which 5 A bridgemust be strong enough to support its own weight _____ the weight of the peopleand vehicles that use it.(A) as well (B) so well (C) as well as (D) so wellas 6 The swallows of Capistrano are famous _____ to the same nests inCalifornia each spring.(A) to returned (B) who returned (C) they returned (D)for returning7 In the fourteenth century, ____ that glass coated with silvernitrate would turn yellow when fired in an oven.(A) the discovery (B) it wasdiscovered (C) with the discovery (D) if it was discovered8 _____ recurringfear is out of proportion to any real danger, it is called a phobia.(A)When(B) Whereas (C) Which (D) Whether9 Many modem photographers attempt tomanipulate elements of photography other _____ in their photographs.(A) thanlight is (B) than light (C) being light (D) light10 For any adhesive to make areally strong bond _____ to be glued must be absolutely or grease.(A) andsurfaces (B) when surfaces (C) the surfaces (D) surfaces that11 Although stillunderwater, Loihi Seamount, the newest Hawaiian island, _____ closer to the surface by frequent volcanic eruptions that add layers of lava to theisland.(A) brought (B) to be brought (C) being brought (D) is being brought12 _____unstable and explodes as a supernova is not known.(A) For astar to become (B) how a star becomes (C) A star becomes(D) That a star isbecoming13 Not until linoleum was invented in 1860 _____hard-wearing,easy-to-clean flooring.(A) any house did have (B) did any househave (C) househad any (D) any house had14 Hiram Revels, the first Black member of the UnitedStates Senate, served as senator from Mississippi, an office _____ he waselected in 1870.(A) which (B) to which (C) and which (D) being which15Oceans continually lose by evaporation much of the river water _____.(A) toconstantly flow into them (B) is constantly flowing into them (C) constantlyflows into them (D) constantly flowing into them Written Expression 16 Becauseof it consists only of a relatively short strand of DNA protected by a shell ofprotein,__________ _____ _____ A B C a virus cannot eat or reproduce byitself.______D17 The oxygen in the air we breathe has no tasted, smell, orcolor._____ _____ _____ ______ A B C D18 In 1977 Kathleen Battle was hiredby the New York metropolitan Opera, where her became__ _______ ___A B C thestar soprano.__D19 The aardvark is a mammal that burrows into the groundto catches ants and termites.___ ___ ________ ______ A B C D 20 Because ofthe availability of trucks and easy access to modern highways, the locate offarms____has become relatively unimportant with respect to their distance frommarkets._______ ________ ____ A B C D21 The homes created by the legendaryarchitect Frank Lloyd Wright are still viewed as ________ _____uniquely,innovative, and valuable.______ ___ A B C D22 Geologists find it useful toidentification fossils in a rock sample because certain assemblages ____________________of species are characteristic of specific geologic timeperiods.__________ A B C D23 Many poets enhance their work by creating acontrast among realism and symbolism in a____ _______ ______ _____ A B CD given poem.24 Most countries depend to few extent on cereal imports toaugment their own crops.______ ___ _____ ____ A B C D25 The fragrant leavesof the laurel plant to sell commercially as bay leaves and are usedfor___________ ____ __ A B C seasoning foods.____ D26 When contented,and occasionally when hunger, cats frequently make a purring sound. ___ ____________ ____ A B C D27 The evolution of fishes is a history of constantadaptation to new possibilities, and a refined of______ ______ _ ____ A B CD these adaptations.28 In 1991 Antonia Novello, the United States SurgeonGeneral, launched several programs to______ _____ A B address particulateproblem that young people have.______ ______ C D29 Some psychologistsbelieve that those who are encouraged to be independent, responsible, _______________ A B and competent in childhood are likely more thanothers to becomemotivated to achieve._______ ________ C D30 The central purpose ofmanagement is for making every action or decision help achieve a ________ ______ A B C carefully chosen goal.______D31 As a poetry Nikki Giovannimakes effective use of jazz and blues rhythms._____ ______ _ ______ A B CD32 Unlike wood, paper, and fabric, which tendency to disintegrate after beingburied for many_____ ______ _______ A B C years, ceramics and glassware,although easily broken, survive well in the ground._____D 33 Margaret Meadachieved world famous through her studies of child-rearing, personality, and_____ _____ ________ A B C culture._____ D34 The discovery of theantibiotic penicillin in 1928 has not produced antibiotics useful forthe_______ _____________ ____ A B C treatment of infectious diseases until1940._______D35 In the United States, the Cabinetconsist of a group ofadvisers, each of whom is chosen by ____ _______ __________ _____ A B C D thePresident to head an executive department of the government.36 Colleges in thenewly formed United States, in recovering from the adverse effects of the________ ____ A B American Revolution, inaugurated a broad curriculum inresponse of social demands._____ ______ C D37 Humus is formed during soilmicroorganisms decompose animal and plant material into ____ ____________ AB elements usable by plants.______ _____C D38 Ozone is an unstable,faintly bluish gas that is the most chemical active form of oxygen.__ ____ _________ A B C D39 The development of professional sports in the United Statesdates back to nineteenth century._________ _________ ____ __________ A B CD40 Long before his death, John Dewey saw his philosophy have a profoundinfluences on _____ ___ _______ A B C education and thought in the UnitedStates and elsewhere.___ D。