托福真题库：托福考试真题测试(3)
toefl试题及答案
toefl试题及答案1. Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Passage:In the past few decades, the use of technology has grown exponentially, leading to significant changes in the way we live, work, and communicate. The rise of the internet and smartphones has revolutionized the way we access information and interact with others. As a result, the demand for tech-savvy professionals has increased dramatically, with many industries requiring employees to have a solid understanding of technology and its applications.Questions:2. What has been the impact of technology on our lives?A) It has caused a decrease in communication.B) It has led to significant changes in how we live, work, and communicate.C) It has made information less accessible.D) It has reduced the demand for tech-savvy professionals.3. What is the result of the rise of the internet and smartphones?A) A decrease in the demand for tech-savvy professionals.B) A revolution in the way we access information and interactwith others.C) A decline in the use of technology.D) A reduction in the way we live, work, and communicate.4. What is the current trend in the job market for tech-savvy professionals?A) A decrease in demand.B) A stable demand.C) An increased demand.D) An uncertain demand.5. Directions: Listen to the following conversation between two friends and answer the questions that follow.Conversation:Friend 1: Hey, did you hear about the new restaurant that opened downtown?Friend 2: No, I haven't. What's it like?Friend 1: It's supposed to be a fusion of Italian and Asian cuisine. Have you ever tried that before?Friend 2: No, I haven't. It sounds interesting. I'd like to give it a try.Questions:6. What are the friends discussing?A) A new restaurant.B) A new movie.C) A new book.D) A new technology.7. What type of cuisine does the new restaurant offer?A) Italian.B) Asian.C) Fusion of Italian and Asian.D) Fusion of Italian and French.8. Has Friend 2 ever tried the type of cuisine offered by the new restaurant?A) Yes, they have.B) No, they haven't.C) They are not sure.D) They have tried Italian but not Asian.9. Directions: Complete the sentence by choosing the correct option.The new technology has made it possible for people to________.A) communicate more efficiently.B) communicate less efficiently.C) communicate only through letters.D) not communicate at all.10. Directions: Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank.Despite the advancements in technology, some people still prefer to ________.A) use analog devices.B) avoid technology.C) rely solely on technology.D) live without technology.Answers:2. B) It has led to significant changes in how we live, work, and communicate.3. B) A revolution in the way we access information and interact with others.4. C) An increased demand.6. A) A new restaurant.7. C) Fusion of Italian and Asian.8. B) No, they haven't.9. A) communicate more efficiently.10. A) use analog devices.。
2020最新托福阅读真题第三套
第18套Reconstructing Ancient EnvironmentParagraph1A stage that is imperative in any archaeological process is the reconstruction of the physical environments in which a particular segment of the archaeological record was formed.Climates and the world’s geomorphology—the shape and constituents of land surfaces—have changed greatly over the past several million years of human history, and each archaeological analysis begins with an effort to reconstruct the physical world of the culture being analyzed.1.The word“constituents”in the passage is closest in meaning toponentsB.locationsC.sizeD.temperaturesParagraph2Ancient climates can often be reconstructed from floral and faunal remains.The study of animal remains,or faunal analysis,is a complex field in which,in most cases,the archaeologist is trying to reconstruct human diet and local environments.Faunal analysts usually count the numbers and kinds of animals represented by the remains they find,and then use statistical methods to estimate the food values,ages,and sexes of the animals being exploited.The prehistoric record of the meat-eating habits of early humans is far from clear about the prevalence of scavenging.One faction of prehistorians argues there is evidence that early humans were primarily scavengers who found the remains of animals killed by lions and other carnivores,and butchered them.Another faction disagrees and proposes that early humans hunted for their own meat.Marks left by humans cutting up animals with stone tools are now being analyzed to help distinguish between cases in which people butchered animals they had killed themselves and those in which they butchered animals they scavenged from kills of other animals.2.According to paragraph2,prehistorians disagree about which of the following?A.Whether humans hunted animals themselves or ate meat from animals killed by other carnivoresB.The number and kinds of animals humans ateC.Whether lions and other carnivores were hunted by humansD.Whether or not humans butchered animals to eat3.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.A.Humans using stone tools to butcher animals left marks on the bones of theanimals they killed and the animals they scavenged.B.Humans scavenged stone tools to butcher animals left marks on the bones of the animals they killed and the animals they scavenged.C.Humans scavenged animals killed by other animals and butchered them using stone tools.D.Tool marks on butchered animals bones are analyzed to help determine whether humans killed or merely scavenged the animals.Paragraph3Throughout human history,plants have been our main source of food,and so floral analyses—studies of the remains of plants—are an extremely important part of archaeology,particularly in studies of how domesticated plants and animals and agricultural economies evolved.Carbon is chemically quite stable,so charred plants (plants converted to charcoal or carbon)and seeds preserve well.Carbonized plant remains can be retrieved by flotation:excavated sediments are mixed with water or some other fluid and the charred plant fragments rise to the surface,where they can be skimmed off and identified.The importance of such analyses lies in the fact that these plants indicate much about the climates and vegetation of the periods in which the animals lived.For example,there are debates about when and where various animals were domesticated.If phytoliths(tiny mineral particles formed inside plants)of domesticated grains are found on the teeth of these animals,the probability is high that they were part of an agricultural economy.4.The word“excavated”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.dug from the groundB.concentrated in solid formC.depositedD.Dried5.According to paragraph3,what is one reason that scientists use flotation?A.To estimate the fluid content of ancient plants and seedsB.To identify the sediments in which ancient plants grewC.To learn about the climate of places where ancient plants grewD.To determine whether the remains of ancient plants and seeds have carbonized6.According to paragraph3,which of the following is true about carbonized plant remains?A.Each fragment of carbonized plant remains contains sediments of a wide variety of plants.B.Carbonized plant remains are usually found near the remains of domesticated animals.C.Carbonized plant remains can be recovered by mixing sediments with fluid.D.Carbonized plant remains from an area are used to settle the age of animal remains located in the same area.7.According to paragraph3,which of the following do archeologist consider to be a strong indicator that an agricultural economy existed in a particular site?A.An unusually high number of animal remains near the surface of the site.B.Remains of domesticated plants in the teeth of animalsC.High numbers of mineral particles inside carbonized plantsD.Evidence of little vegetation change for long periods of timeParagraph4Human bodies are also valuable sources of information for archaeologists, particularly if the bodies are well preserved.For example,eleven naturally mummified bodies were found in beach sand in northern Chile and date to about1000 B.C.When they were analyzed,it was found that one of them was a coca leaf chewer (the earliest known),while other bodies showed the changes of the bones of the inner ear that are characteristic of people who spend a lot of time diving in cold water.In addition,they had the kinds of dental problems and missing teeth associated with the sticky starches of an agricultural diet—although about40percent of their diet came from marine resources.8.According to paragraph4,all of the following were true of some people in northern Chile around1000B.C.EXCEPT:A.They were divers.B.They chewed coca leaves.C.They had dental problems caused by eating food from marine resources.D.They ate plants grown on land.9.The word“characteristic”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.expectedB.typicalC.suggestiveD.destructiveParagraph5A rapidly growing technical specialty within archaeology is geoarchaeology,which combines archaeological and geological analyses.Geology and archaeology form a natural marriage in many obvious ways because both disciplines are concerned with the alteration of natural landscapes.Glaciers,changing rainfall patterns,and many other natural forces cause changes to landscapes,and of course,so do people. Geologists are broadly concerned with ancient physical environments,and archaeologists require knowledge of these environments to interpret their finds.1.The word“alteration”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.destructionB.preservationC.authenticityD.modificationParagraph6Geoarchaeological analyses involve many different kinds of questions and techniques. In the Egyptian Delta region,for example,many of the earliest communities were built on large sand-and-gravel mounds created by the Nile River as it deposited the sediments it carried.But many of these communities have been buried under many meters of sediments from numerous ancient floods since that time and by other factors as well.Moreover,the streams feeding into the Nile River in the delta have changed course many times,leaving a maze of crisscrossed buried river channels.Finding these buried sand-and gravel mounds and the archaeological sites on them often requires complex geological analyses involving special digging,satellite image analysis,and many other techniques.2.The purpose of paragraph6is toA.answer questions about the equipment and techniques used in the Egyptian Delta areaB.describe the earliest communities built on large,sand=and-gravel moundsC.explain how streams feeding the Nile River in the delta change course over timeD.provide an example of a situation where complex archaeological analyses and techniques are necessary12.According to paragraph6,what is one reason that complex geological analyses are needed for locating many of the earliest Nile River communities?A.Flood waters can carry evidence of human habitation far from its place of origin.B.The streams associated with early communities have changed course over time.C.More recent communities have been built on top of ancient communitiesD.The types of sediments carried by Nile floods have changed since ancient times.13.Look at the four squares[⏹]that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.Such a variety of methods are especially important at sites that are no longer visible on the surface.Where would the sentence best fit?Geoarchaeological analyses involve many different kinds of questions and techniques.⏹In the Egyptian Delta region,for example,many of the earliest communities were built on large sand-and-gravel mounds created by the Nile River as it deposited the sediments it carried.⏹But many of these communities have been buried under many meters of sediments from numerous ancient floods since that time and by other factors as well.⏹Moreover,the streams feeding into the Nile River in the delta have changed course many times,leaving a maze of crisscrossed buried river channels.⏹Finding these buried sand-and gravel mounds and the archaeological sites on them often requires complex geological analyses involving special digging,satellite imageanalysis,and many other techniques.14.Directions:An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided plete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage.Some sentences do not belong in the summary because the express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage.This question is worth2points.Archaeological analysis begins with an effort to reconstruct the physical world of the culture being analyzed.A.Studying plant and animal remains can reveal details of ancient climates,food sources,and agricultural activities.B.Once identified,carbonized plant remains can help modern agriculturalists determine the most stable varieties of plants to grow.C.To help understand the physical world of ancient communities,archaeologists may work with geologists and employ complex new techniques.D.Faunal analysis deals mainly with analyzing the tools ancient humans used for hunting and killing animals.E.An examination of human remains can tell archaeologists about such things as the individual’s diet and habits.F.Geoarchaeology,a growing field within archaeology,has proved to be more effective in explaining the alterations made to natural landscapes than in explaining how members of ancient communities lived.Water Supply in VeniceThe city of Venice,built on saltwater marshes and crisscrossed by canals,experienced problems with its water supply for most of its history.One fifteenth-century French traveler noted that“in a city”in which the inhabitants are in water up to their mouths, they often go thirsty“How was the community to solve this important problem?1.Why does the author include the quotation“in a city in which the inhabitants are in water up to their mouths,they often go thirsty”?A.To indicate that the French traveled to Venice frequently in the fifteenth century.B.To illustrate the opinion of other Europeans about the water situation in VeniceC.To suggest that the water supply problem of Venice continued well beyond the fifteenth century.D.To emphasize how serious the water problem was in Venice.Paragraph2Water drawn from the lagoon(the large,shallow body of water between Venice and the Mediterranean Sea)and the canals within the city served many domestic uses such as washing and cooking inventories of even the most modest households list large numbers of buckets,which were emptied and rinsed,the ones used to carry the brackish(somewhat salty)canal water were kept separate from those intended forfresh water.Still,even serving such needs would have been impossible if the canals of Venice had been extremely polluted.The government was obliged to impose controls, and in the early fourteenth century,the Great Council prohibited the washing of all cloth and dyed woolens in the canals,adding that water used for dyeing could not be flushed into the canals.Henceforth,dirty water of that sort was to go into the lagoon. Thanks to resistance on the part of the dyers,infractions were many,the law did not reflect common practice.A century later,however,most of the dye works that used blood or indigo(a dark blue dye)had shifted to the periphery of the city,as had all activities“that let off bad odors or smells.”,such as butchering.Blood,carcasses,and spoiled meat were to go into thelagoon.The canals of Venice began to be protected in the name of nascent ecological awareness.2.The word“Henceforth”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.Instead of thisB.In additionC.From this time onD.In effect3.The word“obliged”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.forcedB.allowedC.expectedD.Persuaded4.According to paragraph2,why did the government place restrictions on dyers?A.To protect the city’s drinking waterB.To prevent the lagoon from being pollutedC.To keep canal water cleanD.To discourage the use of blood and indigo for dyeing cloth5.According to paragraph2,how did dyers respond to the controls imposed by the government?A.They switched from using dyes that let off bad odors or smells to new dyes that smelled much betterB.They resisted initially but eventually moved most of the dyeing operations outside the city centerC.They argued that the government did not consider common practice before imposing the controlsD.They started washing cloth and woolens dyed with blood and indigo in the lagoonParagraph3Much more stringent measures were necessary to guarantee a supply of drinkingwater,however.In the early centuries of settlement in the lagoon basin,the populations depended on wells on the nearby coastal region.By the ninth century, however,with the increase in population density,cisterns became necessary.Basically, the cisterns were large,covered pits dug into the ground and lined with clay to hold water.The cisterns were located in the city,but unlike the wells,the cisterns were not supplied with water from the lagoon,they collected rainwater instead.Cisterns became widespread in the growing city.6．It can be inferred from paragraph3that wells on the nearby coastal regionA.were smaller in size than the cisterns located in the cityB.served as a water source for the growing number of cisterns in the cityC.increased in number as the population density increasedD.Provided enough water for only a relatively small number of peopleParagraph4Over a period of several hundred years,Venice developed an elaborate system of cisterns and gome-the gutters or pipes that carried rainwater to the cisterns and that, for a single cistern,might extend over an area of several streets.Wealthy households had their own cisterns.In less affluent areas of the city,cisterns were often owned and maintained by neighborhood groups.In crowded parts of the city where landlords offered small house for rent,one or two cisterns were provided for each street.A network of public cisterns paralleled these private and semiprivate arrangements. Every public square in the city had a cistern to serve the poorest venetians.7.According to paragraph4,all of the following were true of Venice’s system of cisterns and gome EXCEPTA.It was developed over several centuriesB.It collected rainwaterC.It was maintained with fees paid by the publicD.It reflected the social and economic diversity of the city of VeniceParagraph5In the thirteenth century,a decision was made to create50additional cisterns, primarily in the recently urbanized area at the edge of the city.At the same time,a campaign was launched to repair the existing cisterns.Expansion of the cistern system stopped during much of the fourteenth century as Venice,like other cities in Europe, suffered from bubonic plague.In the fifteenth century,however,a new program of cistern construction and repair was undertaken.8.The word“launched”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.paid forB.startedC.proposedD.agreed on9.According to paragraph5,all of the following had an effect on cisterns in Venice from the thirteenth to the fifteenth century EXCEPTA.the construction of cisterns in other cities in EuropeB.the establishment of programs to construct and repair cisternsC.the outbreak of bubonic plagueD.the urbanization of an area at the edge of the edge of the cityParagraph6In spite of the expansion of the cistern system,Venice continued to have problems with its water supply,especially during dry periods.Flotillas of boats had to be dispatched to the mouths of nearby rivers-first to the Bottenigo,then to the Brenta-to fetch fresh water.The fresh water was then sold by the bucket or poured into the cisterns.The public authorities made efforts to take bolder action to ensure the supply of fresh water from this parallel source and a number of projects were suggested during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries to channel river water and even to construct an aqueduct.However,the high cost of such initiatives precluded their execution.10.The phrase“this parallel source”refers toA.flotillas of boatB.nearby riversC.the cisternsD.an aqueduct11.The word“ensure”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.improveB.increaseC.controlD.Guarantee12.According to paragraph6,how did public authorities respond to problems with the water supply during dry periods?A.They sent boats to fetch fresh water from nearby riversB.They channeled river water into the cisternsC.They constructed an aqueductD.They sold water from the cisterns in buckets to the public13.Look at the four squares[■]that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.The complexity of the cistern system was social as well as physical.Paragraph4Over a period of several hundred years,Venice developed an elaborate system ofcisterns and gome-the gutters or pipes that carried rainwater to the cisterns and that, for a single cistern,might extend over an area of several streets.■Wealthy households had their own cisterns.■In less affluent areas of the city,cisterns were often owned and maintained by neighborhood groups.■In crowded parts of the city where landlords offered small house for rent,one or two cisterns were provided for each street.■A network of public cisterns paralleled these private and semiprivate arrangements.Every public square in the city had a cistern to serve the poorest venetians.Where would the sentence best fit?14.Directions:An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided plete the summary by selected THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage.Some sentences do not belong in the summary express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage.This question is worth2points.The city of Venice experienced problems with its water supply for most of its history. Answer ChoicesA.The water from the lagoon between Venice and the Mediterranean Sean could not be used for drinking because it was extremely polluted.B.From the ninth to the fifteenth century,Venice developed a system to collected and store rainwater in cisterns for use by the populationC.Wealthy households were able to build their own cisterns,but everyone else had to use public cisterns located in the city’s many squares.D.By the early fourteenth century,the water in Venice’s canals was becoming too polluted for household use prompting the city council to prohibit the use of the canals by dyers and butchers.E.By the fifteenth century,cisterns supplied by rainwater proved to be inadequate, but the cost of the projects proposed for a permanent solution was too high for the projects to be undertaken.F.The expansion and repair of the cistern system was interrupted for much of the fourteenth century because of the bubonic plague,a situation that worsened the water supply problem.Vocalization in Frogs(17年4月曾经又考过)Paragraph1The tungara frog is a small terrestrial vertebrate that is found in Central America. Tungara frogs breed in small pools,and breeding groups range from a single male to choruses of several hundred males.the advertisement call of a male tungara frog is a strange noise,a whine that starts at a frequency of900hertz and sweeps downward to 400hertz in about400milliseconds.The whine may be produced by itself,or it may be followed by one or several chucks or clucking sounds.when a male tungara a frogis calling alone in a pond,it usually gives only the whine portion of the call,but as additional males join a chorus,more and more of the frogs produce calls that include chucks.Scientists noted that male tungara frogs calling in a breeding pond added chucks to their calls when they heard the recorded calls of other males played back. That observation suggested that it was the presence of other calling males that incited frogs to make their calls more complex by adding chucks to the end of the whine.1.The word“incited”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.allowedB.stimulatedC.forcedD.Helped2.According to paragraph1,male tungara frogs add chucks to the whine they produce whenA.potential mates are unable to hear the frequency of their whine soundsB.other males produce louder whine sounds than they doC.the frogs breed in large pools rather than small onesD.other males are present in their breeding poolParagraph2What advantage would a male frog in a chorus gain from using a whine-chuck call instead of a whine?Perhaps the complex call is more attractive to female frogs than the simple call.Michael Ryan and Stanley Rand tested that hypothesis by placing female tungara frogs in a test arena with a speaker at each side.One speaker broadcast a pre-recorded whine call,and the second speaker broadcast a whine-chuck.When female frogs were released individually in the center of the arena,fourteen of the fifteen frogs tested moved toward the speaker broadcasting the whine-chuck call.3.What is the relationship of paragraph2in the passage to paragraph1?A.Paragraph2provides additional support for a scientific hypothesis discussed in paragraph1.B.Paragraph2questions the accuracy of a scientific observation discussed in paragraph1.C.Paragraph2provides a possible explanation for a scientific observation discussed in paragraph1.D.Paragraph2identifies some strengths and weaknesses of a scientific hypothesis discussed in paragraph1.4.According to paragraph2,Ryan and Rand conducted an experiment to find out whether which of the following theories was true?A.Male frogs in a chorus use a whine-chuck in place of a whine call.B.Female frogs prefer a whine-chuck call to a simple whine call.C.Male frogs tend to produce more whine-chuck calls than whine calls.D.Female frogs respond differently to live calls from males than they do to recorded calls.Paragraph3If female frogs are attracted to whine-chuck calls in preference to whine calls,why do male frogs give whine-chuck calls only when other males are present?Why not always give the most attractive call possible?One possibility is that whine-chuck calls require more energy than whines,and males save energy by only using whine-chucks when competition with other males makes the energy expenditure necessary.However, measurements of the energy expenditure of calling male tungara frogs showed that energy cost was not related to the number of chucks.Another possibility is that male frogs giving whine-chuck calls are more vulnerable to predators than frogs giving only whine calls.Tungara frogs in breeding choruses are preyed upon by a species of frog-eating bats.Trachops cirrhosis,and it was demonstrated that the bats locate the frogs by homing on their vocalizations.5.To be attracted to whine-chuck calls“in preference to”whine calls meansA.to like whine-chuck calls instead of whine callsB.to like whine-chuck calls in addition to whine callsC.to like whine-chuck calls followed by whine callsD.to like whine-chuck calls more than whine calls6.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.A.Males may save energy when competing for mates by using only whine-chuck calls rather than both whines and whine-chucks.B.Males expend as much of their energy on whine-chuck calls as on whine calls when competing with other males.C.Males save energy by using whine-chuck calls only when competing with other males.D.Males that save energy by using only whines are less able to compete with other males.Paragraph4In a series of playback experiments,Michael Ryan and Merlin Tuttle placed pairs of speakers in the forest and broadcast vocalizations of tungara frogs.One speaker played a recording of a whine and the other a recording of a whine-chuck.The bats responded as if the speakers were frogs:they flew toward the speakers and even landed on them.In five experiments at different sites,the bats approached speakers broadcasting whine-chuck(168approaches versus81).Thus,female frogs are not alone in finding whine-chuck calls more attractive than simple whines—an important predator of frogs also responds more strongly to the complex calls.7.According to paragraph4,all of the following are true of the playback experiments EXCEPT:A.Female frogs and predator bats approached the broadcasting speakers.B.The bats responded more strongly to the whine-chuck calls than they responded to the whine calls.C.Each speaker played a different kind of male frog call.D.The same experiment was repeated at different locations.8.According to paragraph4,the playback experiments of Ryan and Tuttle demonstrated which of the following?A.Tungara frogs use both whines and whine-chucks in their vocalizations.B.Female tungara frogs are attracted to both whine and whine-chuck vocalizations.C.Female tungara frogs and predators of tungara frogs are attracted to different types of vocalizations.D.Frog-eating bats are attracted to whine-chuck calls more than to alone.Paragraph5Ryan and his colleagues measured the rates of predation in tungara frog choruses of different rge choruses of frogs did not attract more bats than small choruses, and consequently the risk of predation for an individual frog was less in a large chorus than in a small one.Predation was an astonishing19percent of the frogs per night in the smallest chorus and a substantial1.5percent per night even in the largest chorus. When a male frog shifts from a simple whine to a whine-chuck call,it increases its risk of attracting a female,but it simultaneously increases its risk of attracting a predator.In small choruses,the competition from other males for females is relatively small,and the risk of predation is relatively large.Under these conditions it is apparently advantageous for a male tungara frog to give simple whines.However,as chorus size increases,competition with other males also increases while the risk of predation falls.In that situation,the advantage of giving a complex call apparently outweighs the risks.9.The word“substantial”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.averageB.smallerC.considerableD.surprising10.The word“outweighs”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.exceedsB.ignoresC.minimizesD.Disguises11.According to paragraph5,all of the following are true about tungara frog。
toefl试题及答案
toefl试题及答案TOEFL试题及答案一、听力理解（Listening Comprehension）1. 根据所听对话，选出正确的答案。
A. 学生在图书馆找书。
B. 学生在询问课程安排。
C. 学生在讨论课题研究。
D. 学生在讨论作业问题。
答案：A2. 根据所听讲座，选出正确的答案。
A. 教授在讨论历史事件。
B. 教授在分析文学作品。
C. 教授在讲解科学理论。
D. 教授在介绍艺术作品。
答案：B二、阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）1. 阅读以下段落，回答以下问题："The Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in the way people worked and lived."A. What was the main impact of the Industrial Revolution?B. How did the Industrial Revolution affect the daily life of people?答案：A. The main impact of the Industrial Revolution was the significant changes in the way people worked and lived.B. The Industrial Revolution affected the daily life of people by altering their work patterns and living conditions.2. 阅读以下段落，选择最佳 "The role of technology in education has been a topic of debate for many years. Some argue that it enhances learning, while others believe it can be a distraction."A. The Pros and Cons of Technology in EducationB. The History of Technology in EducationC. The Debate Over Technology in EducationD. The Future of Technology in Education答案：C三、口语表达（Speaking Expression）1. 根据以下提示，进行口语回答：- Describe a memorable event from your childhood.- Explain why it was memorable.答案示例：One of the most memorable events from my childhood was the day I learned to ride a bicycle. It was a sunny afternoon, and my father was teaching me. After several attempts and falls, I finally managed to ride without support. The feeling of accomplishment and the joy of mastering a new skill madeit an unforgettable experience.2. 根据以下情景，进行口语回答：- You are planning a trip with friends. Discuss thefactors you consider when choosing a destination.答案示例：When planning a trip with friends, I consider several factors such as the interests of the group, the budget, the weather, and the accessibility of the destination. We usually discuss our preferences and make a list of potential places. Then, we evaluate them based on the mentioned factors and make a decision that suits everyone.四、写作任务（Writing Task）1. Write an essay discussing the importance of environmental protection and the role individuals can play in it.答案示例（略）：考生需根据题目要求，撰写一篇不少于300字的议论文，阐述环境保护的重要性以及个人如何参与其中。
TOEFL试题3
TOEFL试题3TOEFL试题（3）1. Because air is highly compressible, --- to define a clear upper boundary of the atmosphere.(A) it is impossible(B) impossible is(C) so the impossibility(D) is the impossibility2. BASIC, the acronym for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code, is a high – level Instruction Code, is a high –level computer programming language ---.(A) learning relatively simple(B) related it simply to learning(C) simple and relative to learn(D) that is relatively simple to learn3. --- Frances Perkins held the post of labor secretary for twelve years.(A) The first woman appointed by a United States President to a cabinet position was(B) The first woman appointed by a United States President to a cabinet position(C) Appointed by a United States President to a cabinet position was the first woman who(D) The first woman was appointed by a United States President to a cabinet position who4. --- at the turn of the century, the Minnesota State Capitol building is made of white granite and marble.(A) Erected(B) Was erected(C) To erect it(D) Erecting it5. A stream of volcanic lava flows differently, -- on the sort of ground it flows over.(A) to depend(B) depending(C) that dependent(D) when it depended6. --- large amounts of vitamin E found in green leaves, such as lettuce, and in cereals, especially in wheat germ.(A) The(B) They have(C) There are(D) Because of7. A popular belief --- radio and television have homogenized the language of the United States. (A) states that(B) that is stated(C) that states(I) stating that 8. The astronomical unit is the average distance of the Earth from the Sun --- is the standard of distances in the Solar System.(A) and(B) also (C) in addition (D) because9. In 1952 Ernest Hemingway pub。
toefl考试题及答案
toefl考试题及答案
1. 阅读部分：在以下段落中，作者主要讨论了什么？
A. 环境问题对全球的影响
B. 科技发展对教育的影响
C. 城市化进程中的问题
D. 经济全球化的趋势
答案：B
2. 听力部分：在对话中，学生和教授讨论了什么主题？
A. 即将到来的假期计划
B. 一个历史事件的分析
C. 学生的研究项目进展
D. 教授的新课程安排
答案：C
3. 口语部分：在第一题中，考生被要求描述什么？
A. 一个重要的历史事件
B. 一个你曾经去过的地方
C. 一个你尊敬的人
D. 一个你最近读到的新闻故事
答案：B
4. 写作部分：在独立写作任务中，题目要求考生讨论什么？
A. 网络教育与传统教育的优劣
B. 城市生活与乡村生活的比较
C. 工作与学习之间的平衡
D. 科技对日常生活的影响
答案：A
5. 综合写作部分：阅读材料中提到的主要观点是什么？
A. 城市化导致环境问题
B. 科技发展对工作的影响
C. 教育投资对经济增长的重要性
D. 健康生活方式对长寿的影响
答案：C。
托福英语试题题库及答案
托福英语试题题库及答案1. 阅读部分：阅读以下段落，并回答相关问题。
In the early 20th century, the industrial revolution brought about significant changes in the way people worked and lived. Factories became the new centers of economic activity, and cities grew rapidly as people moved from rural areas to urban centers in search of employment opportunities.问题1：工业革命发生在哪个世纪？答案：20世纪。
问题2：工业革命对人们的工作方式和居住方式产生了怎样的影响？答案：工业革命使得工厂成为新的经济活动中心，人们为了寻找就业机会从农村地区迁移到城市中心，导致城市迅速扩张。
2. 听力部分：听以下对话，并回答相关问题。
Speaker 1: I'm really looking forward to the weekend. I've planned a hiking trip to the mountains.Speaker 2: That sounds like a great idea. I've been feeling a bit stressed lately, and I think getting out in nature woulddo me good.问题1：Speaker 1计划在周末做什么？答案：去山里徒步旅行。
问题2：Speaker 2为什么认为去徒步旅行是个好主意？答案：因为最近感到有些压力，认为在大自然中走走会对自己有好处。
3. 口语部分：描述你最喜欢的一种户外活动，并解释为什么喜欢它。
托福真题：托福真题_历年托福考试试题-托福真题
托福真题：托福真题:历年托福考试试题-托福真题托福真题:历年托福考试试题Section One: Listening Comprehension1. (A) She doesn’t think the shirt comes in a bigger size .(B) She thinks shirt will fit the man.(C) A checked shirt won’t look good on the man.(D) The bigger sizes are more expensive.2. (A) She expects the man to have it.(B) She’s angry with the man for forgetting it.(C) She doesn’t know where it is.(D) She’d like the man to return it by tonight.3. (A) She didn’t buy the ticket.(B) The ticket was expensive.(C) She doesn’t know how much the ticket cost.(D) There are still a few tickets left.4. (A) Eat a bigger breakfast.(B) Make time for lunch in her schedule.(C) Take only morning classes next semester.(D) Change her schedule after she eats lunch.5. (A) He’s quitting the band for academic reasons.(B) He didn’t enjoy being a member of the band.(C) He’s getting academic credit for being in the band.(D) He’s taking time off from his studies to join the band.6. (A) His suit is too old to wear.(B) He doesn’t want to buy new clothes.(C) He doesn’t want to wear a suit.(D) He’ll go shopping with the woman.7. (A) Calculate the bill again.(B) Refuse to pay the bill.(C) He doesn’t want to wear a suit.(D) He’ll go shopping with the woman.8. (A) Sara rarely makes mistakes.(B) Sara usually says what she thinks.(C) Sara’s boss is hard to work with.(D) The secretary wasn’t hard worker.9. (A) Sh e’d prefer to see a different type of movie thana comedy.(B) She has already finished her research paper.(C) She won’t be able to go to a movie with the man.(D) She’d like the man to help her with her research pape r.10. (A) He prefers to work part time.(B) He wants to change his class schedule.(C) He’s having a difficult time finding a part-time job.(D) He doesn’t want to work on campus.11. (A) She doesn’t think it will snow.(B) The location of the session has been changed.(C) The session might be canceled.(D) She’ll probably be too tired to walk to the session.12. (A) Use bleach on his socks.(B) Buy new white socks.(C) Wash his red T-shirt again.(D) Throw away his pink socks.13. (A) He has n’t talked to his brother since he transferr ed.(B) He doesn’t think his brother should transfer.(C) His brother doesn’t want to transfer.(D) He hadn’t heard the&n[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页托福真题:历年托福考试试题bsp;news about his brother.14. (A) Which seminar the woman wants to sign up for.(B) If the woman keeps money at the bank.(C) Where the woman learned about the seminar.(D) If the woman has taken other classes on personal financ es.15. (A) He’s used to cold weather.(B) He expected the weather to be warmer over the weekend.(C) He has never liked the weather in October.(D) He didn’t see the forecast for the weekend.16. (A) Leave the art exhibit.(B) Help the man understand the display.(C) Take the artwork down.(D) Call the museum director.17. (A) He thinks he’s very organized.(B) He doesn’t want to join the display.(C) He doesn’t think he should lead the study group.(D) He knows someone who can lead the study group.18. (A) He doesn’t know where his brother keeps his comput er.(B) The woman should buy a used computer.(C) He doesn’t know how much computers cost.(D) His brother paid too much for the computer.19. (A) It’s been to warm to wear the jacket.(B) The jacket is too big for him.(C) He doesn’t like cold weather.(D) He didn’t buy the jacket until cooler weather arrived.20. (A) He started the semester in a bad mood.(B) He’s not usually bad-tempered.(C) He has few responsibilities.(D) He doesn’t like the man.21. (A) He forgot to cancel the reservation.(B) They can go to the restaurant after the woman has fini shed working.(C) He has to work late tonight.(D) They don’t have a reservation at the restaurant.22. (A) Watch a TV program related to his project.(B) Think about taking a less advanced sociology class.(C) Finish his project as soon as possible.(D) Reconsider his decision to interview so many people.23. (A) Try on a smaller sweater.(B) Look for another style at a different store.(C) Give the sweater away as a gift.(D) Exchange the sweater for a bigger one.24. (A) She plans to send a package to Canada.(B) She doesn’t know the postage for a package to Australi a.(C) She has relatives in Australia.(D) She’ll help the man wrap the package.25. (A) Send back his food.(B) Compliment the waiter on the food.(C) Tell the waiter about the mistake.(D) Order something else.26. (A) She doesn’t speak Spanish very well.(B) She doesn’t have to study a foreign language.(C) She performed poorly on a recent Spanish test.上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页托福真题:历年托福考试试题(D) She doesn’t remember living in Mexico.27. (A) He’s taking the next train to Philadelphia.(B) He has an extra train schedule.(C) He missed his train.(D) He’s familiar with the train station. 28. (A) He’d like the woman to take his picture.(B) He’d like to borrow the woman’s camera this weekend.(C) His camera takes better pictures than the woman’s camer a.(D) His camera is smaller than the woman’s camera.29. (A) Ask Professor Bell to help the club.(B) Introduce the woman to Professor Bell.(C) Write an article about Professor Bell’s interests.(D) Find out which biology classes Professor Bell teaches.30. (A) She wasn’t wearing a scarf when she arrived.(B) She’ll help the man look for his scarf.(C) She likes the color the man’s scarf.(D) The man didn’t take her scarf.31. (A) A concert the woman attended.(B) The man’s collection of CD’s.(C) A new software programs.(D) An instrument the woman is learning to play.32. (A) She lost one of his CD’s.(B) She didn’t invite him to the concert.(C) She missed class.(D) She forgot about a meeting.33. (A) It does not need to be turned.(B) It has two sets of strings.(C) Its pitch is exceptionally high.(D) It is played with the hands and feet.34. (A) A baritone.(B) Some CD’S.(C) A computer program.(D) His class notes.35. (A) The woman’s house.(B) The concert.(C) The club meeting.(D) The music shop.36. (A) How rocks are eroded.(B) How sediment hardens into rock.(C) How flood plains develop.(D) How minerals are extracted from rock.37. (A)How rocks are eroded.(B)How strata are formed in rock.(C)Why flooding makes geological investigations difficult.(D)Which minerals can be found in rock38. (A)The deposits aren’t made of organic material.(B)The deposits aren’t found everywhere in the world.(C).The deposits harden under conditions of heat and pressure .(D)The deposits don’t form at regular time invervals.39. (A) Where fossils are most commonly found.(B) How a geological discovery was made.(C).Why rivers flood.(D)The differences between two geological periods.40. (A) A museum exhibition of African baskets.(B) Changes in basket-weaving.(C) Differences between African and American baskets.(D)The development of basket weaving in one town.41. (A)Their mothers taught them.(B)They traveled to Africa.(C)They learned in&上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页托福真题:历年托福考试试题nbsp;school.(D)They taught themselves.42. (A)Fruit baskets.(B)Work baskets.(C)Baby cradles.(D)Clothes baskets.43. (A)They sell them as a hobby.(B)They make them as a hobby.(C)They use them on their farms.44. (A)How insects breed in extreme desert temperatures.(B)Different types of beetles.(C)They send them to museums.(D)How beetles can defeat a plant’s defense system.45. (A)Its resin isn’t poisonous.(B)It can shoot its resin a great distance.(C)It leaves have no veins.(D)It doesn’t need much water to grow well.46. (A)By severing the veins that carry the poison.(B)By eating only the stem of the plant.(C)By changing the plant’s chemistry.(D)By eating only at night.47. (A)Their literary value.(B)The debate over who wrote them.(C)The time period in which they were written.(D)Why they are still popular today.48. (A)The Iliad was written after the Odyssey.(B)The first European poems weren’t written in Greek.(C)The poet called Homer wrote the Iliad but not the Odysse y.(D)The poet called Homer never existed.49. (A)The portrayal of the characters in the poems.(B)Archaeological findings in Greece.(C)Research conducted by Milman Parry.(D)Claims made by ancient Greed authors about the poems.50. (A) Other poems written by Homer.(B) A comparison of modern versus ancient Creekpoetry.(C) A twentieth-century scholar’s conclusions about Homer.(D)Poetry by Milman Parry.Section Two Structure and Written ExpressionTime: 25 minutes1. The gray scale, a progressive series of shades ranging f rom black to white, is used incomputer graphics ---- detail to graphical images.(A) added(B) to add(C) are added(D) and add2. By ----excluding competition from an industry, governments have oft en created public service monopolies.(A) they adopt laws(B) laws are adopted(C) adopting laws(D) having laws adopt3. ----skeleton of an insect is on the outside of its body.(A) Its(B) That the(C) There is a(D) The4. Lenses, ----are used to correct imperfections in eyesight.(A) are the forms of glasses and contact lenses(B) in the form of glasses and contact lenses(C) glasses and contact lenses which form(D) glasses and contact lenses may be formed5. In eighteenth-century North America, printed engravings provided ----of rococo style.(A) the most manifestation widespread(B) manifestation widespr上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页托福真题:历年托福考试试题ead the most(C) the widespread manifestation most(D) the most widespread manifestation6. In the Arctic tundra, ice fog may form under clear skie s in winter, ----coastal fogs or low status clouds are common in summer.(A) because of(B) whereas(C) despite(D) that7. On attaining maximum size, ----by drawing itself out and dividing into two daughter amoeb as, each receiving identical nuclear materials.(A) the reproduction of the amoeba(B) the amoeba, which reproduces(C) reproducing the amoeba(D) the amoeba reproduces8. For the advertiser, one of the greatest appeals of radio is ---- an audience all day long.(A) that it has(B) that to have(C) to have it(D) having it9. Charles Schulz’s comic strip, “Peanuts,”features childr en who make --- about life.(A) funny, wise statements that(B) which funny, wise statements(C) statements are funny but wise(D) funny but wise statements10. One of the major rivers of the western United States, ---- flows for some 1,500 miles fromColorado to northwestern Mexico.(A) it is the Colorado River(B) the Colorado River which(C) and the Colorado River(D) the Colorado River11. In art, the tendency of gouache colors to lighten on d rying makes ---- a wide range ofpearly or pastel-like effects.(A) it is possible(B) possible(C) possible to be(D) it possible the12. Isabel Bishop was one of many American artists ----by the government during theDepression years on various federal art projects.(A) employed(B) whose employment(C) to employ(D) had been employed13. Outbreaks of diseases in trees commonly occur ----stressed because of drought or otherenvironmental factors.(A) as forests that become(B) in forests become(C) that become forests(D) when forests become14. To break thick ice, an icebreaker boat moves fast enough to ride up on the ice, ---- under its weight.(A) so then breaks(B) when breaks it(C) which then breaks(D) for which then breaks15. Cholesterol is present in large quantities in the nervou s system, where ---- compound ofmyelin.(A) it a(B) a(C) being a(D) it is a16. Painters of the early twentieth century who were known primarily for they colorful landscapes, the A B C Group of Seven changed is name to the Canadian Group上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页托福真题:历年托福考试试题;of Painters in 1933.D17. Most animals have nervous systems, sense organs, and spe cialized modes of locomotion, and are A B C capable of sec uring ingesting, and to digest food.D18. The cork oak tree has a layer of cork several inches thickness that can be stripped every ten years.A B C D19. Inflation, interest rates, and overall economic active ca n be governed by the United States Federal A B CReserve’s decision to adjust the supply of money to the ec onomy.D20. Free radicals of oxygen, which common by-products of metabobr>(A) temper(B) glazes(C) kilns(D) compounds50.The passage mentions that when pottery is fired under bur ning wood ,the ashes help(A) prevent the clay from cracking(B) produce a more consistently baked pot(C) attain a very high temperature(D) give the vessel a glasslike finish上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]。
托福TPO9阅读真题（文本+答案+翻译）：Part3
托福TPO9阅读真题(文本+答案+翻译)：Part3托福TPO作为托福的模考工具，它的题目对于我们备考托福很有参考价值，为了帮助大家备考，下面小编给大家整理了托福TPO9阅读真题(文本+答案+翻译)：Part3，望喜欢！托福TPO9阅读文本：Part3The Arrival of Plant Life in HawaiiWhen the Hawaiian Islands emerged from the sea as volcanoes, starting about five million years ago, they were far removed from other landmasses. Then, as blazing sunshine alternated with drenching rains, the harsh, barren surfaces of the black rocks slowly began to soften. Winds brought a variety of life-forms.Spores light enough to float on the breezes were carried thousands of miles from more ancient lands and deposited at random across the bare mountain flanks. A few of these spores found a toehold on the dark, forbidding rocks and grew and began to work their transformation upon the land. Lichens were probably the first successful flora. These are not single individual plants; each one is a symbiotic combination of an alga and a fungus. The algae capture the sun's energy by photosynthesis and store it in organic molecules. The fungi absorb moisture and mineral salts from the rocks, passing these on in waste products that nourish algae. It is significant that the earliest living things that built communities on these islands are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon that depends upon the close cooperation of two or more forms of life and a principle that is very important in island communities.Lichens helped to speed the decomposition of the hard rock surfaces, preparing a soft bed of soil that was abundantlysupplied with minerals that had been carried in the molten rock from the bowels of Earth. Now, other forms of life could take hold: ferns and mosses (two of the most ancient types of land plants) that flourish even in rock crevices. These plants propagate by producing spores-tiny fertilized cells that contain all the instructions for making a new plant-but the spore are unprotected by any outer coating and carry no supply of nutrient. Vast numbers of them fall on the ground beneath the mother plants. Sometimes they are carried farther afield by water or by wind. But only those few spores that settle down in very favorable locations can start new life; the vast majority fall on barren ground. By force of sheer numbers, however, the mosses and ferns reached Hawaii, survived, and multiplied. Some species developed great size, becoming tree ferns that even now grow in the Hawaiian forests.Many millions of years after ferns evolved (but long before the Hawaiian Islands were born from the sea), another kind of flora evolved on Earth: the seed-bearing plants. This was a wonderful biological invention. The seed has an outer coating that surrounds the genetic material of the new plant, and inside this covering is a concentrated supply of nutrients. Thus the seed's chances of survival are greatly enhanced over those of the naked spore. One type of seed-bearing plant, the angiosperm, includes all forms of blooming vegetation. In the angiosperm the seeds are wrapped in an additional layer of covering. Some of these coats are hard-like the shell of a nut-for extra protection. Some are soft and tempting, like a peach or a cherry. In some angiosperms the seeds are equipped with gossamer wings, like the dandelion and milkweed seeds. These new characteristics offered better ways for the seed to move to new habitats. Theycould travel through the air, float in water, and lie dormant for many months.Plants with large, buoyant seeds-like coconuts-drift on ocean currents and are washed up on the shores. Remarkably resistant to the vicissitudes of ocean travel, they can survive prolonged immersion in saltwater when they come to rest on warm beaches and the conditions are favorable, the seed coats soften. Nourished by their imported supply of nutrients, the young plants push out their roots and establish their place in the sun.By means of these seeds, plants spread more widely to new locations, even to isolated islands like the Hawaiian archipelago, which lies more than 2,000 miles west of California and 3,500 miles east of Japan. The seeds of grasses, flowers, and blooming trees made the long trips to these islands. (Grasses are simple forms of angiosperms that bear their encapsulated seeds on long stalks.) In a surprisingly short time, angiosperms filled many of the land areas on Hawaii that had been bare.Paragraph 2: Spores light enough to float on the breezes were carried thousands of miles from more ancient lands and deposited at random across the bare mountain flanks. A few of these spores found a toehold on the dark, forbidding rocks and grew and began to work their transformation upon the land. Lichens were probably the first successful flora. These are not single individual plants; each one is a symbiotic combination of an alga and a fungus. The algae capture the sun's energy by photosynthesis and store it in organic molecules. The fungi absorb moisture and mineral salts from the rocks, passing these on in waste products that nourish algae.It is significant that the earliest living thing that built communities on these islands are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon that depends upon theclose cooperation of two or more forms of life and a principle that is very important in island communities.托福TPO9阅读题目：Part31. The phrase "at random" in the passage is closest in meaning to○finally○over a long period of time○successfully○without a definite pattern2. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that the fungi in lichens benefit from their symbiotic relationship with algae in what way?○The algae help the fungi meet some of their energy needs.○The algae protect the fungi from the Sun's radiation.○The algae provide the fungi with greater space for absorbing water.○The fungi produce less waste in the presence of algae.3. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.○Some of the earliest important examples of symbiosis-the close cooperation of two or more living things-occur in island communities.○Symbiosis-the close cooperation of pairs or small groups of living organisms-is especially important in these island environments.○The first organisms on these islands worked toget her closely in a relationship known as symbiosis, which is particularly important on islands.○It is significant to note that organisms in the beginningstages of the development of island life cannot survive without close cooperation.Paragraph 3: Lichens helped to speed the decomposition of the hard rock surfaces, preparing a soft bed of soil that was abundantly supplied with minerals that had been carried in the molten rock from the bowels of Earth. Now, other forms of life could take hold: ferns and mosses (two of the most ancient types of land plants) that flourish even in rock crevices. These plantspropagate by producing spores-tiny fertilized cells that contain all the instructions for making a new plant-but the spore are unprotected by any outer coating and carry no supply of nutrient. Vast numbers of them fall on the ground beneath the mother plants. Sometimes they are carried farther afield by water or by wind. But only those few spores that settle down in very favorable locations can start new life; the vast majority fall on barren ground. By force of sheer numbers, however, the mosses and ferns reached Hawaii, survived, and multiplied. Some species developed great size, becoming tree ferns that even now grow in the Hawaiian forests.4. The word "abundantly" in the passage is closest in meaning to○ occasionally○ plentifully○ usefully○ fortunately5. The word "propagate" in the passage is closest in meaning to○ multiply○ emerge○ live○ evolve6. According to paragraph 3, what was the relationship between lichens and ferns in the development of plant life on Hawaii?○Ferns were able to grow because lichens created suitable soil.○The decomposition of ferns produced minerals that were used by lichens.○Lichens and ferns competed to grow in the sam e rocky environments.○Lichens and ferns were typically found together in volcanic areas.Paragraph 4: Many millions of years after ferns evolved (but long before the Hawaiian Islands were born from the sea), another kind of flora evolved on Earth: the seed-bearing plants. Thiswas a wonderful biological invention. The seed has an outer coating that surrounds the genetic material of the new plant, and inside this covering is a concentrated supply of nutrients. Thus the seed's chances of survival are greatly enhanced over those of the naked spore. One type of seed-bearing plant, the angiosperm, includes all forms of blooming vegetation. In the angiosperm the seeds are wrapped in an additional layer of covering. Some of these coats are hard-like the shell of a nut-for extra protection. Some are soft and tempting, like a peach or a cherry. In some angiosperms the seeds are equipped with gossamer wings, like the dandelion and milkweed seeds. These new characteristics offered better ways for the seed to move to new habitats. They could travel through the air, float in water, and lie dormant for many months.7. The word "This" in the passage refers to○the spread of ferns and mosses in Hawaii○the creation of the Hawaiian Islands○the evolution of ferns○the development of plants that produce seeds8. According to paragraph 4, why do seeds have a greater chance of survival than spores do? To receive credit, you must select TWO answer choices.○Seeds need less water to grow into a mature plant than spores do.○Seeds do not need to rely on outside sources of nutrients.○Seeds are better protected from environmental dangers than spores are.○Seeds are heavier than spores and are therefore more likely to take root and grow.9. Why does the author mention "a nut", "a peach", and "a cherry"?○To indicate that some seeds are less likely to survive than others○To point out that many angiosperms can be eaten○To provide examples of blooming plants○To illustrate the variety of coverings among angiosperm seeds10. The word "dormant" in the passage is closest in meaning to○hidden○inactive○underground○preservedParagraph5: Plants with large, buoyant seeds-like coconuts-drift on ocean currents and are washed up on the shores.Remarkably resistant to the vicissitudes of ocean travel, they can survive prolonged immersion in saltwater when they come to rest on warm beaches and the conditions are favorable, the seed coats soften. Nourished by their imported supply of nutrients, the young plants push out their roots and establish their place in the sun.11. According to paragraph 5, a major reason that coconuts can establish themselves in distant locations is that their seeds can○survive long exposure to heat on island beaches○float and survive for long periods in ocean water○use saltwater for maintenance and growth○maintain hard, protective coats even after growing roots12. According to the passage, which of the following characteristics do spores and seeds have in common?○They may be surrounded by several layers of covering.○They are produced by flowering plants.○They may be spread by wind.○They are able to grow in barren soils.Paragraph 3: Lichens helped to speed the decomposition of the hard rock surfaces, preparing a soft bed of soil that was abundantly supplied with minerals that had been carried in the molten rock from the bowels of Earth. Now, other forms of life could take hold: ferns and mosses (two of the most ancient types of land plants) that flourish even in rock crevices. ■These plants propagate by producing spores-tiny fertilized cells that contain all the instructions for making a new plant-but the spore are unprotected by any outer coating and carry no supply of nutrient. ■Vast numbers of them fall on the ground beneath the mother plants. ■Sometimes they are carried farther afield by water or bywind. ■But only those few spores that settle down in very favorable locations can start new life; the vast majority fall on barren ground. By force of sheer numbers, however, the mosses and ferns reached Hawaii, survived, and multiplied. Some species developed great size, becoming tree ferns that even now grow in the Hawaiian forests.13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.So since the chances of survival for any individual spore are small, the plants have to produce many spores in order to propagate.Where could the sentence best fit?14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.After the formation of the Hawaiian Islands, much time passed before conditions were suitable for plant life.●●●Answers Choices○Algae are classified as symbiotic because they produce energy through the process of photosynthesis.○The first successful plants on Hawaii were probably lichens, which consist of algae and fungi living in a symbiotic relationship.○Lichens helped create favorable conditions for the growthof spore-producing plants such as ferns and mosses.○Seed-bearing plants evolved much later than spore-producing plants, but both types of plants had evolved well before the formation of the Hawaiian Islands.○Unlike spores, seeds must move to new habitats in order to have a strong chance of survival and growth.○Seed-bearing plants arrived and spread quickly in Hawaii, thanks to characteristics that increased their seeds' ability to survive and to move to different areas托福TPO9阅读答案：Part3参考答案：1. ○42. ○13. ○34. ○25. ○16. ○17. ○48. ○2, 39. ○410. ○211. ○212. ○313. ○214. The first successful plants…Lichens helped create favorable…Seed-bearing plants arrived…托福TPO9阅读翻译：Part3参考翻译：夏威夷植物的到来大约500万年以前，当夏威夷群岛作为火山从海洋中出现的时候，它们与其他大陆相距甚远。
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托福真题库：托福考试真题测试(3)
31. (A) Places the man has visited.
(B) A paper the woman is writing for a class.
(C) School activities they enjoy.
(D) The woman's plans for the summer.
32. (A) She has never been to Gettysburg.
(B) She took a political science course.
(C) Her family still goes on vacation together.
(D) She's interested in the United States Civil War.
33. (A) Why her parents wanted to go to Gettysburg.
(B) Why her family's vacation plans changed ten years ago.
(C) Where her family went for a vacation ten years ago.
(D) When her family went on their last vacation.
34. (A) It's far from where she lives.
(B) Her family went there without her.
(C) She doesn't know a lot about it.
(D) She's excited about going there.
35. (A) A catalog mailed to the man.
(B) The woman's catalog order.
(C) The history of mail-order catalogs.
(D) A comparison of two kinds of catalogs.
36. (A) She wants to learn about Richard Sears.
(B) She is helping the man with his assignment.
(C) She needs to buy a filing cabinet.
(D) She wants to order some textbooks.
37. (A) Teachers.
(B) Farmers.
(C) Students.
(D) Laborers
38. (A) As textbooks.
(B) As fuel.
(C) As newspapers.
(D) As art.
39. (A) Taxes on factory goods rose.
(B) Some people lost their farms.
(C) Shipping prices rose.
(D) some families lost their businesses.
40. (A) Problems with pesticides.
(B) Characteristics of one type of falcon.
(C) Migratory patterns of birds.
(D) Tracking systems for animals.
41. (A) It flying speed.
(B) Its keen hearing.
(C) It size.
(D) Its aggressiveness.
42. (A) By radar.
(B) By airplane.
(C) By direct observation.
(D) By satellite.
43. (A) The types of instruments used in bebop music.
(B) The social setting in which bebop music developed.
(C) How two styles of jazz music influenced each other
(D) The influence of bebop music on the United States economy during the 1940's.
44. (A) They didn't use singers.
(B) They gave free concerts.
(C) They performed in small nightclubs.
(D) They shortened the length of their performances.
45. (A) To discuss one way it impacted jazz music.
(B) To explain why the government reduced some taxes.
(C) To describe a common theme in jazz music.
(D) To discuss the popularity of certain jazz bands.。