上海市黄浦区2020-2021学年高三上一模考英语卷 简答版
黄浦区2020学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）2020年12月第I卷（共100分）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.Brother and sister. B.Father and daughter.C.Husband and wife.D.Mother and son.2. A.A waiter. B.A manager. C.A salesman. D.A barber.3. A.He enjoys eating it. B.He cares little for it.C.He prefers fried seafood.D.He doesn’t want to taste it.4. A.The goods there were on sale last weekend.B.It’s the woman’s favourite shopping mall.C.It sold out50%of the goods last weekend.D.It’s the cheapest shopping mall nearby.5. A.The woman isn’t satisfied with her clothes’style.B.The woman is most probably pregnant.C.The woman doesn’t like the new family member.D.The woman is trying her best to lose weight.6. A.It is the only property she has.B.Her father asked her not to sell it.C.She inherited it from his father.D.She has nowhere to live after selling it.7. A.Call a repairman to come at once.B.Check the sink in the kitchen first.C.Clear up the kitchen right now.D.Stop the water from running immediately.8. A.She lost her purse. B.She forgot to bring cash.C.She failed to attend the concert.D.She was unable to get the student discount.9. A.Finish checking her reference. plete the research.C.Put the material in order.D.Start typing the paper.10. A.The woman enjoyed the movie very much.B.The woman didn’t sleep well because of the movie.C.The man asked the woman to be careful at night.D.The man invited the woman to go to the theatre together.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11. A.She wrote several books. B.She managed a farm.C.She was a business woman.D.She worked as a nurse.12. A.101years. B.76years. C.25years. D.22years.13. A.Pictures in plain style. B.A successful art collector.C.A great American artist.D.The secret of living longer.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14. A.To concentrate for our quiet thought.B.To give full attention to the driving.C.To avoid being caught by the police.D.To be as casual as possible in the driving.15. A.In an elevator. B.At a special hall.C.In a bathroom.D.At a concert.16. A.By listening comprehensively and analytically.B.By taking a sonic bath thoroughly.C.By attending classical concerts frequently.D.By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17. A.Inquiring about the details of a trade fair.B.Booking rooms at a hotel.plaining about the hotel room service.D.Giving suggestions on receiving guests.18. A.It’s a busy season for international tourism.B.There aren’t many hotels available in the city.C.An important economic event will occur.D.There is a big conference to be held.19. A.For five days altogether.B.From Dec.11th to Dec.13th.C.From morning to night on Dec.15th.D.A whole day on the fourth day of their stay.20. A.The woman wants to reserve rooms either on the1st or6th floor.B.The woman has to pay1200dollars for all the rooms she has booked.C.Whether the rooms are accessible by wheelchair will affect the woman’s choice.D.Twelve people are most likely to attend the conference to be held on Dec.13th.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Consider the Mechanical PencilIf you used to collect small objects,I’m sure(if you were anything like my younger self)that you used to collect mechanical pencils.In one of the math preparatory classes I(21)______(go)to in elementary and middle school,we used to receive mechanical pencils as prizes for doing well on the in-class exams or answering questions in class.This was(22)______I built up my collection of Cadoozles,which are short mechanical pencils decorated with brightly colored spaceships and ice cream bars.But I’ve long since used up all my Cadoozles and a majority of the mechanical pencils that I(23)______(hide) in an empty mooncake tin so many years before,which makes me reflect fondly back on those old days,when receiving a mechanical pencil was as easy as drinking a glass of water.Mechanical pencils are not only more convenient than your traditional Ticonderoga in the sense that they never need(24)______(sharpen);they also produce thinner,cleaner lines,which is extremely important for drawers and drafters. Furthermore,they are environmentally friendly,since you don’t have to buy(25)______wooden pencil whenever you run out of lead(铅芯).You can simply refill your mechanical pencil!There is only one slight negative I must remark on,(26) ______is that as someone who calls mechanical pencils“lead pencil”in casual conversation,the term“lead pencil”is confusing.Mechanical pencil lead is actually not made from the chemical element lead.It is made from a mixture of graphite and clay,which(27)______not give you lead poisoning.This is contrary to what my third-grade teacher said when she saw my classmate John clicking his mechanical pencil against his index finger out of boredom:“John,stop that!You’re going to get lead poisoning!”I think all the third-graders(and teachers)in the world would feel much(28)______(safe)if they knew what really made up the pencils they use every day.It used to be so easy to grab a mechanical pencil whenever I needed one,but(29)____________the mooncake tin has become increasingly lighter,I have learned to appreciate my writing instruments more.Perhaps I should have collected a few more Cadoozles when I was younger;perhaps I should have appreciated the feeling of holding up the mooncake tin when it was three-quarters full,hoping that there would always be a new pencil for me(30)______(use)tomorrow.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.threatenedB.designedC.preferencesD.typicallyE.experimentalF.theoreticalG.abandoned H.instruments I.constantly J.extensive K.persuasiveScience Isn’t Always Perfect—But We Should Still Trust ItFrom environment pollution to climate change,we make decisions every day that involve us in scientific claims.Are genetically modified crops safe to eat?Is climate change an emergency?In recent years,many of these issues have become politically polarized,with people rejecting scientific evidence that is opposite their political31.When Greta Thunberg, the youthful climate activist,was asked by one member why we should trust the science,she replied,“because it’s science!”For several decades,there has been a(n)32and organized campaign intended to produce distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think-tanks whose interests and beliefs are33by the findings of modern science.In response,scientists have tended to stress the success of science.After all,scientists have been right about most things,from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space.That answer isn’t wrong,but for many people it’s not34.After all,just because scientists more than400years ago were right about the structure of the solar system doesn’t prove that a different group of scientists are right about a different issue today.An alternative answer to the question—Why trust science?—is that scientists use“the scientific method.”If you’ve got a high school science textbook lying around the house,you’ll probably find that answer in it.But this answer is wrong. But what is35declared to be the scientific method—develop a hypothesis(假设),then design an experiment to test it—isn’t what scientists actually do.Historians of science have shown that scientists use many different methods,and these methods have changed with time.Science36changes:new methods get invented,old ones get37,and any particular point in time scientists can be found doing many different things.And that’s a good thing,because the so-called scientific method doesn’t work.False theories can produce true results,so even if an experiment works,it doesn’t prove that the theory it was38to test is true.There also might be many different theories that could produce that same39 result.On the contrary,if the experiment fails,it doesn’t prove the theory is wrong;it could be that the experiment was badly conducted or there was a fault in one of the40.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Travelling,at least travelling any considerable distance,means dealing with airports.I’ve seen my share of airports. They come in several41.The smallest I have been through was in the African town of Hoedspruit where the main wa i t i n g ar e a wa s sm a l l e r th a n ma n y sc h o o l cl a s s r o o m s,se c u r i t y an d ti c k e t ch e c k i n g we r e b o t h 42by one person who was also controlling the gate onto the airfield and you had to walk out to the plane and climb the stairs to get in.It was even smaller than Canada’s Moncton airport where the person taking the tickets was also one of the two43on our flight.At the other extreme are the44,modern airports in the world’s major X,in Los Angeles has two parallel runways and provides the unusual opportunity to watch out the window of your landing aircraft as another one lands right beside you.Some,such as Beijing’s Capital International Airport,SeaTac in Seattle and the International Airport in San Francisco,like those in Hong Kong and Shanghai,have45terminals connected by different buses or underground trains.Finding a connecting flight often means changing terminals,which can be a little46.Heathrow airport in London,England,47that bigger is not always better.Heathrow consists of terminals used by various48and is centered around an area that contains stores and restaurants.At Heathrow the tired traveller gets the49that they want you to spend your time in the stores because they won’t announce the gate from which your flight will leave until about an hour before flight time.Given that they start to get people onto the planes half an hour before takeoff that leaves just30minutes to find and50your gate,some of which are a25-minute walk from the store area. There is absolutely no51for this because the airport authorities know even before the day begins how many flightsare arriving and departing and where they plan to put them.If I have just come off one long flight and I’m waiting for another,what I want is a quiet place,not an area52bright lights and noisy shoppers.Travel,for me,is interesting but when I have to fly,getting there is53not half the fun.Airplanes are a very efficient way to move people long distances and airports are a(n)54part of the process.Most airports do their best to provide a good travelling experience but they are to be55,not really enjoyed.41. A.types B.cities C.areas D.sizes42. A.identified B.handled C.promoted D.processed43. A.guards B.astronauts C.pilots D.passengers44. A.tremendous B.crowded C.international D.fashionable45. A.flexible B.multiple C.available D.irregular46. A.exciting B.astonishing C.confusing D.encouraging47. A.regulates B.emphasizes C.encounters D.demonstrates48. A.functions B.departments C.airlines D.authorities49. A.recreation B.presentation C.announcement D.impression50. A.look for B.get to C.meet at D.check out51. A.exception B.doubt C.apology D.excuse52. A.filled with B.dominated by C.decorated with D.recognized by53. A.increasingly B.permanently C.attentively D.definitely54. A.effective B.optional C.necessary D.suitable55. A.simplified B.endured C.declared D.paralleledSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Sometimes when she felt bored,she would pick up one of the numerous biographies(传记)about herself and begin to note on it.“I never did that”or“simply not true”she would write roughly in the margins at the sides of pages.Since journalists,biographers and more recently even“bloggers”had been writing about her since the day she was born,there was plenty of material to edit.Not that her notes or corrections were ever shared with the tely,however,she even seemed to have lost her appetite for correctness.Did it matter anymore if things were not right?She knew that sitting alone chewing away on downbeat thoughts would not get her anywhere and would leave those around her confused and upset,should they ever catch her out.After all she was the decisive one,always on top of her game.A printed timetable for the following day lay on the table.A full day of openings and presentations,of smiling and nodding and flowers.Shaking herself out of her gray mood,she stepped over towards the computer where a sudden burst of energy gave her an idea.The screen flashed up in front of her but instead of clicking on the familiar icons which would lead her to the emails Randolph had considered she needed to read,she simply went to visit Mr.Google and began her search for train timetable.A dish heaped with multi-coloured jellies and plenty of ice cream,served by a white-gloved train waiter with a perfect moustache.So many years had passed but she still remembered the jelly dissolving on her tongue in small but delicious mouthfuls.Each spoonful had to be lifted delicately to her mouth under the watchful eye of her grandmother,who was a stickler for good manners.It was unlikely that they served jelly on the trains these days,what with all the concern about childhood fatness,but even a Spartan menu could not kill the romance of a train journey.As the timetable for Linehurst line flashed in front of her,she remembered that the Mayor of Alwoy would be expecting her to make a short,predictable speech at the opening of the new bridge.56.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.The main character is probably a journalist writing blogs about royal members.B.The main character is always busy editing plenty of material about herself.C.The authors probably had chances to get the notes or correctness from the main character.D.Randolph is probably an assistant or a secretary to the main character.57.Why does the main character recall the time she ate jellies and ice cream?A.She wishes that she were still a child so that she could eat jellies and ice cream.B.She is reminded of these foods because the thought of a train journey reminds her of them.C.She wishes she still knew where the handsome train waiter was.D.Today’s children aren’t allowed to eat the same things that she ate as a child.58.A“Spartan menu”(paragraph4)would most likely___________________.A.have mainly low fat,healthy foodsB.be suitable for a romantic dinnerC.include a range of sweets,but no jellyD.include foods which are easy to transport59.What is most likely to happen next in this passage?A.The main character will practise her speech for greeting the Mayor of Alwoy.B.The main character will decide to take a rail journey.C.Randolph will send some emails to the main character.D.The main character will update her blog on the internet.(B)Canals have to be built on a level,otherwise the water drains out of them and the canal becomes useless.This was the great problem facing the early canal builders,and they overcame it in different ways.The early engineers like James Brindley simply followed the outlines of the countryside and kept their canals level even though it often meant choosing very roundabout routes.Later engineers,such as Thomas Telford,developed a new technique known as‘cut and fill’in which they fixed a level through very accurate surveying.This allowed them to fill in the hollows on a route with the exact amount of soil they took from the higher ground.By this method,very direct routes could be taken,which cut down the time of a journey very considerably.A good example of this type of canal is Telford’s Liverpool and Birmingham Junction Canal,which he began in1826to provide a direct route from the Midlands to the River Mersey.It was seldom possible to build a completely level canal,of course,whichever method was used,and most canals were provided with locks in which barges were raised or lowered to new levels.If you look at the diagram on the right,you can see a barge being raised in a lock by means of water which was allowed into the lock basin,or pound,from the upper level of the canal.When a barge had to be lowered,water was allowed out of the pound into the lower level of the canal.60.Brindley’s canals were less efficient,most likely because_______________.A.he was not a good canal engineerB.the techniques and skills available at the time were uselessC.his canals were built to keep the water drains outD.they had too many roundabout routes61.According to this passage,why was the‘cut and fill’technique designed?A.The outlines of the land could not be followed directly.B.It could make travelling distances shorter and save journey time.C.New surveying techniques had been invented successfully.D.The distance between the Midlands and River Mersey is great.62.Locks are needed in canals to_______________.A.help boats to travel in both directionsB.keep water levels changing all the timeC.allow large ships to travel in canalsD.transfer boats across differing water levels(C)In the ancient world,the practice of medicine was inescapably linked to supernatural belief and magic.That was until the Greeks made advances in the field and brilliant figures such as Hippocrates laid the foundations for our medicine today. Recognized as the father of modern medicine,Hippocrates realised what seems obvious to us today—that the observation and noting of symptoms is primary.He travelled across Greece teaching medicine,encouraging the view that disease had physical,not supernatural,explanations.Medical students still take the Hippocratic Oath,a formal promise made by new doctors that they will follow the standards set by their profession and try to preserve life,swearing to use their skills to heal and do no harm.One of Hippocrates’theories was of the‘four humours’,a belief that disease was caused by an imbalance of the four liquids supposedly contained in the human body—blood,phlegm,and black and yellow bile(a liquid produced by your organ which helps you to digest fat).Blood-letting was a common response to illness and was used until only150years ago in the mistaken belief that it would restore the body’s internal balance.But while the Greeks may have been wrong about the bleeding and the bile,they were still the first civilization to understand that diseases could be treated by using careful observation and logical thought.Aristotle,political theorist,philosopher and teacher,also studied the natural world from a scientific point of view.He was the first to classify organisms,and although his method may seem simple now,he divided them into two basic categories,as either plant or animal—he was the first to do so.Aristotle valued experimentation and discovered that evaporation,the process of becoming a vapour,turned salt water into fresh water.He was also a believer in the theory that all matter is composed of four elements—fire,earth,water and air.Hippocrates believed the four humours,related to the four liquids in the body,were each in line with an organ,a season and with different moods.The four were based on the Greeks’idea of four base elements(air,water,fire,earth).Although discredited now,the humours formed the basis of western medicine until the18th century.They were: -Blood from the liver:associated with Spring;with courage and hope-Phlegm from brain and lungs:Winter;calm and unemotional-Yellow bile from gall bladder(胆囊):Summer;anger and bad temper-Black bile from spleen(脾脏):Autumn;with blue and dark mood63.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.It was the Greeks that made advances in the field of practice of medicine in the ancient world.B.The Hippocratic Oath is a formal promise made by new doctors to swear their responsibilities.C.Hippocrates thought disease was caused by an imbalance of the four liquids contained in the human body.D.Hippocrates was the first to believe diseases could be treated by careful observation and logical thought.64.The practice of blood-letting was based on the belief that____________.A.the blood was polluted by virusesB.the human body was not evenly balancedC.the patient was in a bad humourD.too much blood was bad for people65.How did Aristotle find out that salt water can be turned into fresh water?A.He studied many books from a scientific point of view.B.He drew the conclusion according to the two basic categories.C.He made the discovery based on conducting experiments himself.D.He believed that all matter consists of four base elements.66.Why is Hippocrates considered the founder of modern medicine?A.He proved that there are four base elements in all matter in the world.B.He showed the procedure of how the four bodily liquids affected moods.C.He insisted that almost all diseases had supernatural explanations.D.He recognized the importance of the observation and noting of symptoms.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.IV.Summary Writing71.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than e your own words as far as possible.Singapore’s Information Technology StrategySingapore’s information technology strategy rests on two major legs.The first leg is world-class basic facilities.Being a city-state,it is relatively easy to connect every home,office and hotel room.Our objective is to provide broad-band everywhere,either wired or wireless.We will make it a readily available utility like water,electricity,gas and telephone.We are well on our way there.We now require,by regulation,every new home to be equipped with broad-band in the same way as it is required to have water and electricity.The second leg is the education of our entire population in IT(information technology).Like reading,writing and arithmetic,computers are best learnt when we are young.Today’s children can click the mouse faster than we can blink.In many countries,children of middle-class families have no difficulty with this new technology.But,without special effort, there is a danger that children of poorer families will miss out on the opportunity to learn IT.Like the piano and violin,one can still learn the computer as an adult.But rarely does one acquire the same facility.The strategy in Singapore is thereforeto teach information technology to every child regardless of his family background.The Education Ministry now has a multi-billion dollar programme to provide one computer for every2schoolchildren in Singapore from first grade onwards. Every teacher will have a notebook.Most Singaporeans now understand the importance of IT,if not for themselves,at least for their children and grandchildren.Over40%of households in Singapore now own PCs.Over one-third of households in Singapore already enjoy access to Internet.What we want is for every Singaporean to be computer literate so that he can function effectively in any bank,factory or restaurant,just as one would expect an employee to be able to read,write and count.An employer in Singapore in the future should not have to worry that his employee does not know how to use a computer or the Internet.第II卷（共40分）V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.如天公作美，周末我们就去郊游。
2020-2021学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2020-2021学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn his 402nd anniversary year, Shakespeare is still rightly celebrated as a great language master and writer. But he was not the only great master of play writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting influence on theater.While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is considered one of Chinas greatest playwrights and is highly spoken of in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.Tang was born in 1550 inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince. Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays,poems and sonnets (十四行诗), Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), A Dream under the Southern bough, and Dream of Handan. The latter three were constructed around a dream narrative, a way through which Tang unlocked the emotional dimension of human desires and ambitions and explored human nature beyond the social and political limits of that time.Similar to Shakespeare, Tang's success rode the wave of a renaissance (复兴) in theater as an artistic practice. As in Shakespeare'sEngland, Tang's works became hugely popular inChinatoo. During Tang'sChina, his plays were enjoyed performed, and changed. Kunqu Opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southernChinato the whole nation and became a symbol of Chinese culture. Combining northern tune and southern music, kunqu Opera was known for its poetic language, music, dance movements and gestures. Tang's works benefited greatly from the popularity of kunqu Opera, and his plays are considered classics of kunqu Opera.While Tang and Shakespeare lived in a world away from each other, there are many things they share in common, such e humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for poetic language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.1. Why is Shakespeare mentioned in the first paragraph?A. To describe Shakespeare's anniversary.B. To introduce the existence of Tang Xianzu.C. To explain the importance of Shakespeare.D. To suggest the less popularity of Tang Xianzu.2. What's possibly one of the main theme of Tang's works?A. Social reality.B. Female dreams.C. Human emotions.D. Political environment.3. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?A. The influence of Kunqu Opera on Tang's works.B. Tang's success in copying Shakespeare's styles.C. The way Kunqu Opera became a symbol of Chinese culture.D. Tang's popularity for his poetic language and music.BA satellite is about to demonstrate a new way of capturing space junk with magnets for the first time. With the frequency of space launches dramatically increasing in recent years, the potential for a disastrous collision above Earth is continually growing. Now, Japanese orbital clean-up company Astroscale is testing a potential solution.The firm's End-of-Life Services by Astroscale demonstration mission is scheduled to lift off on 20 March aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket. It consists of two spacecraft: a smal “client” satellite and a larger “servicer” satellite, or “chaser”. The smaller satellite is equipped with a magnetic (磁力的) plate which allows the chaser todock withit.The two stacked spacecraft will perform three tests once in orbit, each of which will involve the servicer satellite releasing and then recapturing the client satellite. The first test will be the simplest, with the client satellite drifting a short distance away and then being recaptured. In the second test, the servicer satellite will set the client satellite tumbling before catching up with it and matching its motion to grab it.Finally, if those two tests go well, the chaser will live up to its name by letting the client satellite float a few hundred metres away before finding it and attaching to it. All of these tests will be performed autonomously, with little to no human input once they are set in motion.“These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before in space - they are very different to, say, an astronaut controlling a robotic arm on the International Space Station,” says Jason Forshaw at AstroscaleUK.“This is more of an autonomous mission.” At the end of the tests, both spacecraft will burn up in Earth's atmosphere.If companies wanted to use this capability, they would have to attach a magnetic plate to their satellites so they could be captured later. Because of the growing space garbage problem, many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites once they run out of fuel or fail, so this could be a fairly simple likely plan, Forshaw says. Right now, each chaser can only nab one satellite, but Astroscale is working on a version that coulddrag three or four out of orbit at once.4. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "dock with" in Paragraph 2?A. Deal with.B. Keep up with.C. Join together.D. Crash.5. Why many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites?A. Because of the growing space waste problem.B. Because the frequency of space launches are dramatically increasing.C. Because they can earn large profits from it.D. Because Astroscale has found a new method of capturing the space garbage.6. What will Astroscale do to solve the space junk problem?A. An astronaut controls a robotic arm on the International Space to capture the “client” satellite.B. Through a magnetic plate remotely controlled by humans on the ground to catch the “client” satellite.C. Finding the "client "satellite and attaching to it with a magnetic plate automatically.D. Tumbling to match the motion of “client satellite the drag three or four satellites out of its orbit into atmosphere.7. What can we infer from the passage?A. People will bum the space junk up in Earth's atmosphere in the future.B. Japan andRussiawill conduct space debris cleanup experiment together.C. These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before.D. The demonstration mission will be divided into three phases.CAn unmanned Chinese spacecraft left the earth on a trip to the planet Mars on Thursday. The launch（发射）marks the start of one of China's most important space explorations. China's national space agency launched the spacecraft called Tianwen-1 fromthe Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Center on Hainan Island.The name Tianwen means “Questions to Heaven” in Chinese. The spacecraft took off on China's largest carrier rocket, the Long March 5, and about 36 minutes later, the spacecraft, including an orbiter（轨道飞行器）and a rover（漫游车），was sent into the Earth-Mars orbit. It is expected to reach the orbit of the red planet next February. Tianwen-1 will finish three scientific goals—orbiting the red planet, landing on the Mars and sending a rover to the landing site.Tianwen-1 carries several scientific instruments to observe the planet's atmosphere and surface. It will do aseries of scientific researches on the planet's soil, geological structure, environment, atmosphere and water. Besides its daily work of exploring the surface of Mars for 90 days, it will also report back to the earth about its experiences on the red planet, which is millions of miles away. According to experts, discovering signs of life will be its first and most important scientific goal.Tianwen-1's successful landing will make China the second nation to place a spacecraft on Mars. The United States has landed eight vehicles on Mars since 1976. China will be the first to successfully orbit, land and place a vehicle in the same mission. This is China's first independent mission to Mars. The task in 2011 failed when a Russian rocket carrying a Chinese orbiter had problems after launch, and was unable to escape the Earth orbit. Last year, China's Chang e-4 spacecraft became the first to make a landing on the far side of the moon.8. When will Tianwen-1 enter the orbit of Mars?A. 36 minutes later.B. Next Thursday.C. In 90 days.D. Next February.9. What is the main task of Tianwen-1 according to experts?A. Orbiting the Mars.B. Landing on the Mars.C. Discovering signs of life.D. Sending a rover to the landing site.10. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the text?A. Tianwen-1 is the second vehicle landed on the Mars.B. The United States is the first to land vehicles on the Mars.C. Russia helped China place Tianwen-1 on the Mars.D. Chang，e-4 was the first to make a landing on the moon.11. Where can you find this article?A. In a newspaper.B. In a diary.C. In a sci-fi novel.D. In a guide book.DThereare two days that set you on your path in life: the day you’re born, and the day you realize why you were born.Growing up south of Chicago in Harvey, Illinois, most people just had their heads down trying to make it from point A to point B. I was the same way, just going with the flow. I played basketball in high school because I was good at it and because other people thought I should until I discovered my talent.I give up basketball and started doing speeches. It wasn’t a popular decision but my grandfather told me todo what made me happy. I fell in love with comedy and performing. And when I discovered the passion, I realized why I was born.I knew I had something to offer —I knew that not only am I powerful, but I can make a difference.I realized a long time ago that my dream is not to be famous or rich. My talent is to entertain. But it’s more than that. I have the chance to reach people, to brighten days, to bring laughter and positive energy into lives and inspire. And I am grateful forit.Acting putting myself out there and having doors closed on me time and time again has taught me a lot about myself. I have learned to trust what I have to offer the world over momentary doubt. I’ve learned to put my faith over my feelings. And I've grown a tough skin. More importantly, I have learned there is a long way towards our goals and that when we put our talents and passion to work, we determine our value.Like a lot of places across the country, there’s poverty, crime, violence and unemployment in Harvey. And growing up there, a lot of people have tragically low expectations for life. But I know that with the right opportunity and with help along the way, everyone can find their passion and go after it. My life is proof.12. What was the author born to do according to the text?A. Be a basketball player.B. Act and perform.C. Make speeches.D. Teach people.13. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. Chance.B. Energy.C. Days.D. Laughter.14. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text?A. To help others find their talents.B. To prove his decision was right.C. To inspire people to follow their dreams.D. To encourage people to set a goal.15. What can be the best tile for the text?A. Success Lies in Hard Work.B. How to Achieve the Dream Is Important.C. The Two Important Days in Life.D. The Day I Realized What I Was Born to Do.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(附加15套模拟试卷)上海市黄浦区2020届高三英语一模试卷(含答案)
C. The man should spend more time outdoors.
D. People tend to work longer hours with artificial lighting.
D. Students have no choice but to study and take up challenges.
1.A. 445.B. 515.C. 530.D. 545.
2.A. At home.B. In a restauraபைடு நூலகம்t.C. In a car.D. On the street.
3. A. Colleagues.B. Husband and wife.
C. Employer and employee.D. Mother and son.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. It is located in a college town.B. It’s composed of a group of old buildings.
C. The classrooms are beautifully designed.D. The library is often crowded with students.
C. Work on a report.D. Prepare dinner for his son.
6.A. She discussed the sports program with Mr. Wright.
英语_2020-2021学年上海市黄浦区高三(上)期末英语试卷(一模)(含答案)
2020-2021学年上海市黄浦区高三（上）期末英语试卷（一模）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.1.Consider the Mechanical PencilIf you used to collect small objects. I'm sure （if you were anything like my younger self）that you used to collect mechanical pencils.In one of the math preparatory classes I （1）________ （go） to in elementary and middle school， we used to receive mechanical pencils as prizes for doing well on the in﹣class exams or answering questions in class. This was （2）________ I built up my collection of Cadoozles， which are short mechanical pencils decorated with brightly colored spaceships and ice cream bars. But I've long since used up all my Cadoozles and a majority of the mechanical pencils that I （3）________ （hide） in an empty moon﹣cake tin so many years before， which makes me reflect fondly back on those old days， when receiving a mechanical pencil was as easy as drinking a glass of water.Mechanical pencils are not only more convenient than your traditional Ticonderoga in the sense that they never need （4）________ （sharpen）； they also produce thinner， cleaner lines， which is extremely important for drawers and drafters. Furthermore， they are environmentally friendly， since you don't have to buy（5）________ wooden pencil whenever you run out of lead（铅芯）. You can simply refill your mechanical pencil. There is only one slight negative I must remark on，（6）________ is that as someone who calls mechanical pencils "lead pencil" in casual conversation， the term "lead pencil" is confusing. Mechanical pencil lead is actually not made from the chemical element lead. It is made from a mixture of graphite and clay，which （7）________ not give you lead poisoning. This is contrary to what my third﹣grade teacher said when she saw my classmate John clicking his mechanical pencil against his index finger out of boredom："John， stop that! You're going to get lead poisoning!" I think all the third﹣graders （and teachers） in the world would feel much （8）________ （safe） if they knew what really made up the pencils they use every day.It used to be so easy to grab a mechanical pencil whenever I needed one， but（9）________ the moon﹣cake tin has become increasingly lighter， I have learned to appreciate my writing instruments more. Perhaps I should have collected a few more Cadoozles when I was younger； perhaps I should have appreciated the feeling of holding up the moon﹣cake tin when it was three﹣quarters full， hoping that three would always be a new pencil for me （10）________ （use） tomorrow.Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.2.Science Isn't Always Perfect ﹣﹣ But We Should Still Trust ItFrom environment pollution to climate change， we make decisions every day that involve us in scientific claims. Are genetically modified crops safe to eat？ Is climate change an emergency？ In recent years， many of these issues have become politically polarized，with people rejecting scientific evidence that is opposite their political（1）_______. When Greta Thunberg，the youthful climate activist，was asked by one member why we should trust the science， she replied， "because it's science!"For several decades，there has been a（n）（2）_______ and organized campaign intended to produce distrust in science，funded by regulated industries and libertarian think﹣tanks whose interests and beliefs are（3）_______ by the findings of modern science. In response，scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all， scientists have been right about most things， from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space. That answer isn't wrong， but for many people it's not（4）_______. After all，just because scientists more than 400 years ago were right about the structure of the solar system doesn't prove that a different group of scientists are right about a different issue today.An alternative answer to the question ﹣﹣ Why trust science？﹣﹣ is that scientists use "the scientific method." If you've got a high school science textbook lying around the house，you'll probably find that answer in it. But this answer is wrong. But what is（5）_______ declared to be the scientific method ﹣﹣ develop a hypothesis（假设），then design an experiment to test it ﹣﹣ isn't what scientists actually do. Historians of science have shown that scientists use many different methods，and these methods have changed with time. Science（6）_______changes： new methods get invented， old ones get（7）_______， and any particular point in time scientists can be found doing many different things. And that's a good thing，because the so﹣called scientific method doesn't work. False theories can produce true results，so even if an experiment works，it doesn't prove the theory that was （8）_______ to test it is true. There also might be many different theories that could produce that same（9）_______ result. On the contrary，if the experiment fails，it doesn't prove the theory is wrong： it could be that the experiment was badly conducted or there was a fault in one of the（10）_______.III. Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage，there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.3. Travelling, at least travelling any considerable distance, means dealing with airports.I've seen my share of airports. They come in several（1）_______. The smallest I have been through was in the African town of Hoedspruit where the main waiting area was smaller than many school classrooms, security and ticket checking were both（2）_______ by one person who was also controlling the gate onto the airfield and you had to walk out to the plane and climb the stairs to get in. It was even smaller than Canada's Moncton airport where the person taking the tickets was also one of the two（3）_______on our flight.At the other extreme are the（4）_______, modern airports in the world's major cities.LAX, in Los Angeles has two parallel runways and provides the unusual opportunity towatch out the window of your landing aircraft as another one lands right beside you. Some, such as Beijing's Capital International Airport, SeaTac in Seattle and the International Airport in San Francisco, like those in Hong Kong and Shanghai, have（5）_______ terminals connected by different buses or underground trains. Finding a connecting flight often means changing terminals, which can be a little（6）_______.Heathrow airport in London, England, （7）_______that bigger is not always better. Heathrow consists of terminals used by various（8）_______and is centered around an area that contains stores and restaurants. At Heathrow the tired traveller gets the（9）_______ that they want you to spend your time in the stores because they won't announce the gate from which your flight will leave until about an hour before flight time. Given that they start to get people onto the planes half an hour before takeoff that leaves just 30 minutes to find and （10）_______your gate, some of which are a 15﹣minute walk from the store area. There is absolutely no（11）_______for this because the airport authorities know even before the day begins how many flights are arriving and departing and where they plan to put them. If I have just come off one long flight and I'm waiting for another, what I want is a quietplace, not an area（12）_______ bright lights and noisy shoppers.Travel, for me, is interesting but when I have to fly, getting there is（13）_______not half the fun. Airplanes are very efficient way to move people long distances and airports are a（n）（14）_______part of the process. Most airport do their best to provide a good travelling experience but they are to be（15）_______, not really enjoyed.（1）A typesB . citiesC . areasD . sizes（2）A identifiedB . handledC . promotedD . processed（3）A guardsB . astronautsC . pilotsD . passengers（4）A tremendousB . crowdedC . internationalD . fashionable（5）A flexibleB . multipleC . availableD . irregular（6）A excitingB . astonishingC . confusingD . encouraging（7）A regulatesB . emphasizesC . encountersD . demonstrates（8）A functionsB . departmentsC . airlinesD . authorities（9）A recreationB . presentationC . announcementD . impression（10）A look forB . get toC . meet atD . check out（11）A exceptionB . doubtC . apologyD . excuse（12）A filled withB . dominated byC . decorated withD . recognized by（13）A increasinglyB . permanentlyC . attentivelyD . definitely（14）A effectiveB . optionalC . necessaryD . suitable（15）A simplifiedB . enduredC . declaredD . paralleledSection BDirections： Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.4. Sometimes when she felt bored, she would pick up one of the numerous biographies （传记）about herself and begin to note in. "I never did that" or "simply not true" she would write roughly in the margins at the sides of pages. Since journalists, biographers and more recently even "bloggers" had been writing about her since the day she was born, there was plenty of material to edit. Not that her notes or corrections were ever shared with the authors. Lately, however, she even seemed to have lost her appetite for correctness. Did it matter anymore if things were not right?She knew that sitting alone chewing away on downbeat thoughts would not get her anywhere and would leave those around her confused and upset, should they ever catch her out. After all she was the decisive one, always on top of her game. A printed timetable for the following day lay on the table. A full day of openings and presentations, of smiling and nodding and flowers.Shaking herself out of her gray mood, she stepped over towards the computer where a sudden burst of energy gave her an idea. The screen flashed up in front of her but instead of clicking on the familiar icons which would lead her to the emails Randolph considered she needed to read, she simply went to visit Mr. Google and began her search for train timetable.A dish heaped with multi﹣coloured jellies and plenty of ice cream, served by a white﹣gloved train waiter with a perfect moustache. So many years had passed but she still remembered the jelly dissolving on her tongue in small but delicious mouthfuls. Each spoonful had to be lifted delicately to her mouth under the watched eye of her grandmother, who was a stickler for good manners. It was unlikely that they served jelly on the trains these days, what with all the concern about childhood fatness, but even a Spartan menu could not kill the romance of a train journey. As the timetable for Line﹣burst line flashed in front of her, she remembered that the Mayor of Alwoy would be expecting her to make a short, predictable speech at the opening of the now bridge.（1）Which of the following can be inferred from the passage？________A The main character is probably a journalist writing blogs about royalmembers. B The main character is always busy editing plenty of material about herself. C The authors probably had chances to get the notes or correctness from the main character. D Randolph is probably an assistant or a secretary to the main character.．（2）Why does the main character recall the time she ate jellies and ice cream？________A She wishes that she were still a child so that she could eat jellies and ice cream.B She is reminded of these foods because the thought of a train journey reminds her ofthem. C She wishes she still knew where the handsome train waiter was. D Today's children aren't allowed to eat the same things that she ate as a child.．（3）A "Sparten menu"（paragraph 4）would most likely________.A have mainly low fat， healthy foodsB be suitable for a romanticdinner C include a range of sweets， but no jelly D include foods which are easy to transport．（4）What is most likely to happen next in this passage？________A The main character will practise her speech for greeting the Mayor of Alwoy.B The main character will decide to take a rail journey.C Randolph will send some emails tothe main character. D The main character will update her blog on the internet.．5. Canals have to be built on a level, otherwise the water drains out of them and the canal becomes useless. This was the great problem facing the early canal builders, and they overcame it in different ways. The early engineers like James Brindley simply followed the outlines of the countryside and kept their canals level though it often meant choosing very roundabout routes.Later engineers, such as Thomas Telford, developed a new technique known as "cut and fill" in which they fixed a level through very accurate surveying. This allowed them to fill in the hollows on a route with the exact amount of soil they took from the higher ground. Bythis method, very direct routes could be taken, which cut down the time of a journey very considerably. A good example of this type of canal is Telford's Liverpool and Birmingham Junction Canal, which he began in 1826 to provide a direct route from the Midlands to the River Mersey.It was seldom possible to build a completely level canal, of course, whichever method wasused, and most canals were provided with locks in which barges were raised or lowered to new levels. If you look at the diagram on the right, you can see a barge being raised in a lock by means of water which was allowed into the lock basin, or pound, from the upper level of the canal. When a barge had to be lowered, water was allowed out of the pound into the lower level of the canal.（1）Brindley's canals were less efficient， most likely because________.A he was not a good canal engineerB the techniques and skills available at the time were uselessC his canals were built to keep the water drains outD they had too many roundabout routes．（2）According to this passage， why was the "cut and fill" technique designed？________A The outlines of the land could not be followed directly.B It could make travelling distances shorter and save journey time.C New surveying techniques had been invented successfully.D The distance between the Midlands and River Mersey is great.．（3）Locks are needed in canals to________.A help boats to travel in both directionsB keep water levels changing all thetime C allow large ships to travel in canals D transfer boats across differing water levels．6. In the ancient world, the practice of medicine was inescapably linked to supernatural belief and magic. That was until the Greeks made advances in the field and brilliant figures such as Hippocrates laid the foundations for our medicine today. Recognized as the father of modern medicine, Hippocrates realised what seems obvious to us today ﹣﹣ that the observation and noting of symptoms is primary. He travelled across Greece teaching medicine, encouraging the view that disease had physical, not super﹣natural, explanations. Medical students still take the Hippocratic Oath, a formal promise made by new doctors that they will follow the standards set by their profession and try to preserve life, swearing to use their skills to heal and do no harm. One of Hippocrates' theories was of the "four humours", a belief that disease was caused by an imbalance of the four liquids supposedly contained in the human body ﹣﹣ blood, phlegm, and black and yellow bile （a liquid produced by your organ which helps you to digest fat）.Blood﹣letting was a common response to illness and was used until only 150 years ago in the mistaken belief that it would restore the body's internal balance. But while the Greeks may have been wrong about the bleeding and the bile, they were still the first civilization to understand that diseases could be treated by using carefully observation and logical thought. Aristotle, political theorist, philosopher and teacher, also studied the natural world from a scientific point of view. He was the first to classify organisms, and although his method may seem simple now, he divided them into two basic categories, as either plant or animal ﹣﹣ he was the first to do so. Aristotle valued experimentation are discovered that evaporation, the process of becoming a vapour, turned salt water into fresh water. He was also believer in the theory that all matter is composed of four elements ﹣﹣fire, earth, water and air.Hippocrates believed the four humours, related to the four liquids in the body, were eachin line with organ, a season and with different moods. The four were based on the Greeks' idea of four base elements （water, fire, earth）. Although discredited now, the humours formed the basis of western medicine until the century. They were:﹣ Blood from the liver; associated with Spring; with courage and hope﹣ Phlegm from brain and lungs; Winter; calm and unemotional﹣ Yellow bile from gall bladder（胆囊）: Summer; anger and bad temper﹣ Black bile from spleen（脾脏）: Autumn; with blue and dark mood（1）Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage？________A It was the Greeks that made advances in the field of practice of medicine in the ancient world.B The Hippocratic Oath is a formal promise made by new doctors to swear their responsibilities.C Hippocrates thought disease was caused by imbalance of the four liquids contained in the human body.D Hippocrates was the first to believe diseases could be treated by careful observation and logical thought.．（2）The practice of blood﹣letting was based on the belief that________.A the blood was polluted by virusesB the human body was not evenlybalanced C the patient was in a bad humour D too much blood was bad for people．（3）How did Aristotle find out that salt water can be turned into fresh water？________A He studied many books from a scientific point of view.B He drew the conclusion according to the two basic categories.C He made the discovery based on conducting experiments himself.D He believed that all matter consists of four base elements.．（4）Why is Hippocrates considered the founder of modern medicine？________A He proved that there are four base elements in all matter in the world.B He showed the procedure of how the four bodily liquids affected moods.C He insisted that almostall diseases had supernatural explanations. D He recognized the importance of the observation and noting of symptoms.．Section CDirections： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.7.Adolescents Worldwide Not Sufficiently Physically ActiveNew WHO﹣led study says majority of adolescents worldwide are not sufficiently physically active， putting their current and future health at risk.（1）________ "Urgent policy action to increase physical activity is needed now， particularly to promote and keep up girls' participation in physical activity，" says study author Dr Regina Gut﹣hold， WHO.The health benefits of a physically active lifestyle during adolescence include improved heart and lungs fitness， bone health and positive effects on weight. There is also growing evidence that physical activity has a positive impact on cognitive development and socializing.（2）________To achieve these benefits， the WHO recommends for adolescents to do moderate or vigorous physical activity for an hour or more each day. The authors estimated 80 percent of teems do not meet this recommendation by analysing data collected through school﹣based surveys on physical activity levels.（3）________ Urgent scaling up is needed of known effective policies and programmes to increase physical activity in adolescents. Multisectoral action is needed to offer opportunities for young people to be active， involving education， urban planning， road safety and others. The highest levels of society， including national， city and local leaders， should promote the importance of physical activity for the health and well﹣being of all people，including adolescents.（4）________ Strong political will and action can address the fact that four in every five adolescents do not experience the enjoyment and social， physical， and mental health benefits of regular physical activity. Policy makers and stakeholders should be encouraged to act now for the health of this and future young generations.IV. Summary Writing8. Directions： Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Singapore's Information Technology StrategySingapore's information technology strategy rests on two major legs. The first leg is world﹣class basic facilities. Being a city﹣state，it is relatively easy to connect every home， office and hotel room. Our objective is to provide broad﹣band everywhere， either wired or wireless. We will make it a readily available utility like water， electricity， gas and telephone. We are well on our way there. We now require，by regulation，every new home to be equipped with broad﹣band in the same way as it is required to have water and electricity.The second leg is the education of our entire population in IT（information technology）. Like reading，writing and arithmetic， computers are best learnt when we are young. Today's children can click the mouse faster than we can blink. In many countries， children of middle﹣class families have no difficulty with this new technology. But， without special effort， there is a danger that children of poorer families will miss out on the opportunity to learn IT. Like the piano and violin， one can still learn the computer as an adult. But rarelydoes one acquire the same facility. The strategy in Singapore is therefore to teach information technology to every child regardless of his family background. The Education Ministry now has a multi﹣billion dollar programme to provide one computer for every 2 schoolchildren in Singapore from first grade onwards. Every teacher will have a notebook. Most Singaporeans now understand the importance of IT， if not for themselves， at leastfor their children and grandchildren. Over 40% of households in Singapore now own PCs. Over one﹣third of households in Singapore already enjoy access to Internet. What we wantis for every Singaporean to be computer literate so that he can function effectively in any bank，factory or restaurant，just as one would expect an employee to be able to read，write and count. An employer in Singapore in the future should not have to worry that his employee does not now how to use a computer or the Internet.V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.9. 如天公作美，周末我们就去郊游。
上海市黄浦区2020届高三上学期期末质量调研(一模)英语试卷(word解析版)
黄浦区2019〜2020年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试高三英语答案解析版II. Grammarand VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill inthe blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For theblanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the givenword; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane: a case for window scatsI love tosleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions ] I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when 2 (book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy hcadagainst the wall of the plane for a bit 3 (much) comfort.Some 4 argue that the aisle (走廊)scat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we're all getting our drinks and snacks5 few seconds. Also, 1 find that if a person knows he's in a window scat, he'll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he6 (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he'll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the scatmatc needn't7 (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, 8 I've been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country 9 (shrink) into the distance,and the butterflies in my stomach whenI see (he horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement arc10 keep me coming back ,flight after flight, to my window seat.【答案】1-whenbooking 3. more4.can/ mayevery 6. doesn't need【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。
2020-2021学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案
2020-2021学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFilms to watch in MarchGretaA lonely young waitress finds a handbag on aNew Yorksubway train. Luckily, the address is inside, so she returns it to the piano teacher who left it there. She then discovers that the piano teacher makes a habit of dropping bags around the city on purpose to make new friends. Directed by Neil Jordan, the actors are attractive. Grace Moretz is the waitress and Isabelle Huppert is the one who admires her. Thanks to them, Greta winds up being far more enjoyable than it has any right to be.The AftermathThe Aftermath is one of the few World WarⅡ-related films. Based on Rhidian Brook’s novel,this touching romantic movie is starred by Keira Knightley, who is the wife of a British officer. She hates the Germans because her son was killed in an air raid. But is there a chance that a tall, dark andhandsome man might persuade her to overcome her hate?Captain MarvelIt took Marvel Studios a decade to finally make a female superhero. It’s also the first Marvel film to be directed by a woman, who has directed Half Nelson and Missisippi Grind. Captain Marvel is set in the 1990s. The Oscar-winning Brie Larson stars as Carol Danvers, a US Air Force fighter pilot, while Samuel L Jackson, as usual, plays Nick Fury.DumboDumbo is a classic Disney cartoon, who has big ears and there have been plenty of those kind of movies in recent years.Burtonalways has inspirations to direct such kind of movies from Edward Scissorhands to Miss Peregrine’s Home for Peculiar Children. Magical figures have always been his favorite characters.1. What makes Captain Marvel special?A. Winning Oscar.B. Its female director.C. Time setting.D. A woman pilot.2. Which film is better for a 7-year-old kid to watch?A. The AftermathB. Captain MarvelC. GreteD. Dumbo3. Where can you most probably read the text?A. Reader’s DigestB. NatureC. Scientific AmericanD. National GeographicBWhen you say the word donkey, whatthings come to your mind? A few people might say they’re cute, but the majority think they’re stubborn, dumb and all-round less capable than their horse s.However, this wasn’t the case for a recently unearthed ancient Chinese noblewoman who was unexpectedly found buried with her donkeys. Published in the journal Antiquity in March, Chinese archaeologists (考古学家) first discovered the tomb in Xi’an, Shaanxi, in 2012. The team examined the remains and identified the body as Cui Shi, a Tang Dynasty high-born lady who died in 878 AD.Speaking to Science Magazine in 2012, the study’s co-author, Fiona Marshall, said the finding caused confusion as “donkeys … are not associated with high-status people”.However, following years of further research, the team discovered artworks and artifacts that showed a sport known as “Lvju”. This was similar to modern-day polo (马球)and was popular among noble (高贵的) women at the time. They preferred to use donkeys instead of full-sized horses for safety reasons, due to their smaller size and slower speed.Speaking to CNN, Marshall later said, “Historical documents also showed that ladies of the late Tang court loved to play donkey polo.”At that time in Chinese history, animals were often placed in tombs so that they could be used for a specific purpose in the afterlife. The study determined that Cui Shi likely requested that her beloved donkeys be buried with her, so that she could continue her favorite sport after death. In total, three donkeys were found inside her tomb with riding gear (装备), including stirrups (马镫). “This context provides evidence that the donkeys in her tomb were for polo, not transport,” lead author Hu Songmei of the Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology told Science Magazine.Before the study, it was believed that donkeys were only used to carry loads, but now it may be time to see them as a sign of achieving high social status(地位), well, in ancient times.4. What do most people think of donkeys, according to the text?A. They are as adorable(可爱的) as horses.B. They are stubborn and not so capable.C. They were necessary in ancient sports.D. They were a sign of high social status.5. Why did Fiona Marshall feel confused when she discovered the donkeys?A. She didn’t connect donkeys with nobles.B. She hadn’t seen donkeys in ancient tombs before.C. She didn’t expect to find donkeys in a woman’s tomb.D. She didn’t understand why animals were in human tombs.6. What do we know about the sport “Lvju” from the text?A. Horses were preferred in Lvju.B Lvju was similar to modern-day soccer.C. Lvju was popular among common people.D. Donkeys were preferred in the sport for safety.7. The donkeys were found in the tomb of Cui Shi probably because _______.A. she intended to use them for transport after deathB. her family didn’t want her to be lonely after deathC. she wanted to continue to play Lvju after deathD. noble women needed donkeys to maintain their dignityCNASA has flown an aircraft on another planet for the first time. On Monday, April 19, Ingenuity, a 1. 8-kilogram drone (无人机) helicopter, took off from the surface of Mars, flew up about threemeters, then hovered for 40 seconds and took photos above with one of its two cameras. The historic moment was livestreamed on YouTube. “We can now say that human beings have flown a drone helicopter on another planet,” said MiMi Aung, the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, at a press conference. “We, together, flew at Mars, and we, together, now have our Wright brothers moment,” she added, referring to the first powered airplane flight on Earth in 1903.The details: The flight was a significant technical challenge, thanks to Mars' s bone-chilling temperatures (nights can drop down to -130 °F / -90 °C) and its incredibly thin atmosphere — just 1% the density of Earth' s. That meant Ingenuity had to be light, with rotor blades (螺旋桨) that were bigger and faster than would be needed to achieve liftoff on Earth (although the gravity on Mars, which is only about one-third of Earth's, worked in its favor). The flight had originally been scheduled to take place on April 11 but was delayed by software issues.Why it's significant: Beyond being a significantmilestonefor Mars exploration, the flight will also pave the way for engineers to think about new ways to explore other planets. Future drone helicopters could help astronauts byscoping out locations, exploring inaccessible areas, and capturing images. Ingenuity will also help inform the design of Dragonfly, a car-size drone that NASA is planning to send to Saturn's moon Titan in 2027.What's next: In the next few weeks, Ingenuity will conduct four more flights, each lasting up to 90 seconds. Each one is designed to further push the limits of Ingenuity's capabilities. Ingenuity is only designed to last for 30 Martian days, and is expected to stop functioning aroundMay 4. Its final resting place will be in the Jezero Crater as NASA moves on to the main focus of its mission: Getting the Perseverance rover (毅力号火星探测器) to study Mars for evidence of life.8. Why does MiMi Aung mention Wright brothers?A. To honor the historic contribution of Wright brothers.B. To make a comparison between Wright brothers and herself.C. To highlight the importance of Ingenuity's Martian exploration.D. To remind the public of the first powered airplane flight on Earth.9. What caused challenges for Ingenuity designers?A. The delay of software tests.B. The force of gravity on Mars.C. Mars's temperatures and atmosphere.D. Technical difficulty in liftoff on Earth.10. What does the underlined word “milestone” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. A great victory.B. A difficult task.C. A roadside stone.D. A historic event.11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. Mars Drone Helicopter Makes Historic First FlightB. Modern Wright Brothers Moment: Mars ExplorationC. First Drone Helicopter Spots Evidence of Life on MarsD. Ingenuity: Mars Drone Flies to Take Incredible PicturesDTourism is often about seeking deeper emotional and personal connections with the world around us. Not all travel experiences, however, need to take place in the real world. With the evolution of virtual reality(VR) technology, tourism will increasingly become a combination of physical and virtual worlds. VR may even remove the need to travel entirely.But can a VR experience really equal a real world one? Many experts believe it can. Studies have shown that our brains have an inbuilt VR-like mechanism that enables us to live imagined experiences. Much of our waking life is spent thinking about either the past or the future. This is known as" mind wandering". During these events we' re not paying attention to the current world around us. Instead, we' re recalling memories, or creating and processing imagined futures.When engaged in mind wandering, our brains process these mental images using the same pathways used to receive inputs from the real world. So, the imagined past or future can create emotions and feelings similar to how we react to everyday life. VR can create these same feelings.While critics might argue that a virtual experience will never match reality, there are several ways VR tourism could make a positive contribution. Firstly it could help protect sensitive locations from over-tourism. In recent years famous sites such as Maya Bay in Thailand, and Cambodia's Angkor Wat Temples have had to limit the number of visitors because of their negative impact. These places are now producing their own VR experiences that will allow tourists to pass through virtual models of the sites.Virtual reality may also allow people back in time, to experience historical events, visit ancient cities, and even to walk among dinosaurs.Finally, in a world where many people suffer from stress and depression due to overwork, virtual tourism may provide a cheap and convenient way for people to take brief holidays to otherwise unreachable destinations and recharge their batteries, without ever leaving their homes.It sounds like science fiction but it's already happening. As virtual technology improves and as people continue to demand new and interesting experiences, expect more virtual tourism, both in combination with the real world and instead of it.12. What is driving the development of virtual tourism?A. Companies seeking to make more money.B. Improvements in virtual reality technology.C. People's demand for more shared experiences.D. People's deeper understanding of the physical world.13. Which of the following best describes "mind wandering"?A. The brain processes which help people think VR is real.B. The way the brain processes inputs from the real world.C. Brain activities focusing on past or future events.D. Experiences coming from a person's imagination.14. What does the underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refer to?A. Science fiction.B. Virtual technology.C. Virtual tourism.D. The real world.15. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To describe the advantages of VR tourism.B. To give suggestions for reducing over-tourism.C. To encourage people to develop VR technology.D. To argue VR tourism will replace the real world travel.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市黄浦区2020届高三一模英语卷(含答案)
上海市黄浦区2020届高三一模英语卷2019年12月Ⅱ.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane:a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes,and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them.There have even been one or two occasions(21)________I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing,not having realized we had even left the ground.So when(22)________(book)my flights,I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit(23)________(much)comfort.Some(24)________argue that the aisle（走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart.But in reality,we’re all getting our drinks and snacks(25)________seconds.Also,I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat,he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he(26)________(not need) to disturb his neighbor,which is just considerate.And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t(27)________(bother)more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person,the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds,or a great sunset,or golden sunrise,etc.Most of all,(28)________________I’ve been flying for years,I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country(29)________(shrink)into the distance,and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view.And those feelings of adventure and excitement are(30)________keep me coming back,flight after flight,to my window seat.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.accessB.ariseC.attachmentD.definitelyE.partnerF.potentialG.shape H.stimulated I.subconsciously J.traditional K.unbankedBeyond Mobile Money:The Future of Asia’s FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years.But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）--the space is much more horizontal,short cutting how we create,share,and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to__31__in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet.It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends,as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to__32__with them.And,on a much deeper level,new FinTechs may__33__consumer expectations in even other tech industries.The Smart-phone Emerges a Credit-Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion__34__consumers in Southeast Asia alone,there is an entire industry of FinTechsdevoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit-worthiness to give them__35__to finance.Unfortunately, since they don’t have bank accounts,such FinTechs cannot rely on__36__financial information or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring.It has __37__broad global support,including from the likes of the World-Bank.In one of its reports,the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial__38__,as it could improve customer recording,and,in turn,get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the“artificial intelligence.”Readers are fascinated with how AI has the__39__to transform every consumer and enterprise（企业）industry.While such focus is appropriate that AI will __40__change the world,it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand-in-hand with its rise:the wisdom of the crowd.Ⅲ.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage,there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Endangered languages can be found throughout the world.Many languages now have fewer than100or even fewer than10speakers.The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world.When Europeans first arrived in North America,312different languages were__41__,of which123are now known to be extinct.Of the__42__languages,most speakers are grandparents and great-grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of“endangered”.The system of__43__used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas:the__44__of all the speakers,how often the language is conveyed to the next__45__,the rate at which it is losing speakers and the__46__in which it is used.Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six-point scale from“safe”to“severely endangered.”The midpoint,“endangered”refers to language with between100and1,000speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group.The language is spoken only by some parents,of whom very few teach it to their children.It is__47__used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of__48__factors including globalization,economics,technology, education policy,and changes in__49__attitudes.As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously__50__language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy,which means learning the area’s majority language.__51__,local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue.Local languages also__52__as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages.This trend__53__as these devices connect users to the Internet.At this point, many communities undergo a cultural__54__in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to__55__endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years.These efforts tend to focus on two main areas:the documentation of endangered languages,and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41.A.at hand B.at risk C.in use D.in view42.A.ancient B.evolving C.local D.surviving43.A.assessment B.classification C.description D.research44.A.age B.background C.number D.religionmittee B.century C.generation ernment46.A.content B.occupations C.situations D.themes47.A.advisedly B.efficiently C.primarily D.rarely48.A.balancing plicating C.historical D.interrelated49.A.cultural B.mental C.moral D.religious50.A.foreign rmal C.isolated D.national51.A.For example B.In contrast C.In response D.Vice versa52.A.boom B.develop C.disappear D.suffer53.A.ceases B.changes C.increases D.starts54.A.difference B.influence C.shift D.variety55.A.enrich B.purify C.refresh D.standardizeSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the1930s.The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China,and by far the best known.Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment.The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old located in distant parts of the country.In many cases,they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them.Exploring China’s remote areas during the1930s meant traveling muddy,poorly maintained roads by mule（骡子）or on foot.Inns were often dirty food could be polluted,and there was always risk or violence from rebels,soldiers and robbers.Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light,in Wutai County,Shanxi Province.The breathtaking wooden temple was built in857A.D.,making it the oldest building known in China at the time.Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding,forgotten areas to determine its age,including one hideaway inhibited by thousands or bats and millions of bedbugs,covered in dust and littered with dead bats.“In complete darkness and among the awful smell,hardly breathing,with thick masks covering our noses and mouths,we measured,drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours.When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air,we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag.We ourselves had been badly bitten.Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.”Liand wrote of the experience in an account included in“Liang and Lin;Partners in Exploring China’s Architectual Past.”56.On their way to the ancient buildings in1930s,Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT________.A.accommodationsB.personal securityC.road conditionsD.vehicles57.Liang and Lin raised public awareness of________.A.documenting smashed historical buildingsB.rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC.saving the oldest temples in ChinaD.Protecting historical buildings.58.While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light,________A.Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smell.B.Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC.Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD.Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbug’s hideaway59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Creativeness results in discoveryB.Difficulty produces achievementC.Efforts contribute to happinessD.Responsibilities make development(B)HP ENVY Photo7155All-in-One PrinterSpecial offers:Free shipping!●Print,Scan,Copy,Web,Photo●Print speed ISO:Up to14ppm black,up to9ppm color●Go from memory card to photo printout with ease●Instant Ink ready;High yield ink available$99.99Add to cart Ships within I business dayProduct#K7G93A#B1HFor expert advice,price matching,or help with orders,call1-866-625-6132.Protect your Device●1-Year Standard Warranty Includedwith an HP Care Pack○2Year Next Day Exchange ENVY5055,6255,7155$18.00HP Recommends○3Year Next Day Exchange ENVY5055,6255,7155$25.00----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Features Specs Ink&Paper Support Special offers ReviewsGet true-to-life photos and increased adaptability.Produce true colors,and set up,connect,and print right from your mobile device.Go from memory card to photo printout with ease.HP Photo and Document All-in-One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents,emails and web pages to rich,bright lab-quality photos-with copy and scan tools too.Active security enabled printer.Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system.Containers with modified or non-HP electronic circuitry may not work,and those that work today may not work in the future.Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers.HP64ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine.Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets--right in your home.The Power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got 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Ordering ink has never been easier-directly through the app.Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smart-phone or tablet.A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi-Fi setup in minutes,and start printing fast.Return&exchange information will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to30days after delivery.A restocking fee may apply.60.Which statement is true of this type of printer?A.It is a portable printer designed for home and office use.B.It is a multi-function printer producing high-quality photos.C.It is an easy-operation printer with a two-year free care pack.D.It is a wireless-connected printer protected by modified containers.61.Which of the following words best describe its“ink container”?A.AdaptableB.Automatic.C.Cost-effective.D.Eco-friendly.62.If you order this type of printer online today,__________.A.you will receive it tomorrowB.you can return it without being chargedC.you can get a care pack on discountD.you can save$80.(C)①Risk is something we face daily.However,some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others.②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk-takers.Dopamine is a neurotransmitter,a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells.It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good,and scientists believe it to be inked to risk-taking.Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives.But not all receptors may be active.When a person had few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received,a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.③researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked34men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life.The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats,and had the same outcome.It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not.This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people.They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling,and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerable reduced.④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk-taking,but scientists believe there may be psychological reasons too.Sensation-seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure.In 1964,psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation-seeking scale.His40-item questionnaire,still used today, was given to people who were active in seeking new activities,and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk-taking is not a characteristic in itself,it is very much associated with sensation-seeking,as a high sensation-seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation-seeker does.a desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others.However,none of these explanations are definitive.63.If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors.________.A.he is less likely to feel happyB.he is more willing to take risksC.he will eventually become dopamine-addictiveD.he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine64.The underlined phrase“consistent with”is closest to“________”in meaning.A.contrary toB.in agreement withC.at the cost ofD.persistent in65.What can be concluded from paragraph4?A.The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.B.A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.C.The sensation-seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.D.High sensation-seekers are more common than low ones.66.This passage mainly talks about________.A.when we learn to take risksB.how risk-taking benefits usC.what makes risk-takersD.why we should take risksSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Many options require city-level investment in new facilities.B.However,it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.C.Through their actions,city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future.D.For example,London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero-emission capable from2018.E.City planners are using transport-oriented development to increase density while maintainingquality of life and property value.F.Some cities,such as Delhi,are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems neededto change how citizens travel.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities.In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns.Many North American cities were created for the car.But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport,congestion charges and low emission zones,sustainable gaining and life-cycle costing,and opening data up to companies and academics.And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions.___67___This ha resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline,which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities,for example,Houston,have per capita（人均价）carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest,such as Singapore.___68___This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center,as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur,built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.___69___Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient--and often healthier--forms of transport.Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave,which allows people cycling at20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient.___70___The main options are hydrogen fuel cells,fossil fuel hybrids,and electric vehicles,and the best solution may well vary from city to city.Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than60 e your own words as far as possible.Online“friends”--a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much-debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks.Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before.It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists,sociologists,and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying.We find ourselves in a hyper-connected world where people access social media day and night,excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character.Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective,and display anti-social behavior in their offline lives.But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing--empathy.This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’points of view.Without it,we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone.This is something confirmed by a study where200university students were asked to go without social media for24hours.Many admitted an addiction to their online social network;most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends.And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are.It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming,so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。
2020-2021学年上海市浦东中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2020-2021学年上海市浦东中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA Lifelong Devotion to Keeping People FedYuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist and educator, known for developing the hybrid rice varieties.Yuan graduated from the Southwest Agriculture Institute in 1953 andbegan his teaching career at an agriculture school.In the 1960s, when a serious food shortage sweptChina, Yuan decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the yields of rice. He then began a lifelong connection with rice.Yuan succeeded in growing the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per mu (about 0.067 hectares), rising from the previous yield of only 300 kg per mu. For the next four decades, he continued to work on research and development of hybrid rice, achieving increasingly higher outputs. In 2020, hybrid rice developed by Yuan’s team achieved 1,500 kilograms per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record.InChina, where rice is the main food for the majority of the 1.4 billion people, the planting area of hybrid rice has reached 16 million hectares, or 57 % of the total planting area of rice, helping feed an extra 80 million people a year.Hybrid rice has also been grown in over 40 countries, including theU.S.,Brazil,India,Vietnam, thePhilippinesandMadagascar. The total planting area of the hybrid rice has reached 8 million hectares overseas.Even after a great success, Yuan never held himself back from making new breakthroughs. In 2017, his team started to grow seawater rice inQingdao. The rice was designed to grow in saline-alkaline land and survive even after being completely in seawater. His team planned to develop a type of seawater rice that could be planted in 6.67 million hectares of saline-alkaline land acrossChinato boost the country’s rice harvest by about 20 %. In 2018, Yuan’s team was invited to plant the saline-alkaline tolerant rice in experimental fields inDubai, which achieved huge success. In June 2020, his team started to grow seawater rice on a farm at an altitude of 2,800 meters in northwestChina’sQinghaiProvince. The experiment succeeded.Yuan had two dreams — to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage.1. What made Yuan Longping decide to study rice?A. A serious food shortage.B. Agriculture development.C. His interest in the rice experiment.D. His wish to plant the tallest rice in the world.2. From the passage, we know that Yuan Longping ________.A. developed a variety of hybrid riceB. worked as a scientist after graduationC. started to grow seawater rice inDubaiin 2017D. grew the first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 19533. We can infer from the passage that Yuan Longping’s most outstanding qualities are________.A. modest and outgoingB. honest and creativeC. generous and optimisticD. responsible and devotedBWhen I was seven my father gave me a Timex, my first watch. I loved it, wore it for years, and haven’t had another one since it stopped ticking a decade ago. Why? Because I don’t need one. I have a mobile phone and I’m always near someone with an iPod or something like that. All these devices (装置) tell the time — which is why, if you look around, you’ll see lots of empty wrists; sales of watches to young adults have been going down since 2007. This is ridiculous. Expensive cars go faster than cheap cars. Expensive clothes hang better than cheap clothes. But these days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches. Expensive watches come with extra functions — but who needs them? How often do you dive to 300 metres into the sea or need to find your direction in the area around the South Pole? So why pay that much of five years’ school fees for watches that allow you to do these things?If justice were done, the Swiss watch industry should have closed down when the Japanese discovered how to make accurate watches for a five-pound note. Instead the Swiss reinvented the watch, with the aid of millions of pounds’ worth of advertising, as a message about the man wearing it. Rolexes are for those who spend their weekends climbing icy mountains; a Patek Philippe is for one from a rich or noble family; a Breitling suggests you like to pilot planesacross the world.Watches are now classified as “investments” (投资). A 1994 Philippe recently sold for nearly £ 350,000, while 1960s Rolexes have gone from £ 15,000 to £ 30,000 plus in a year. But a watch is not an investment. It’s a toy for self-satisfaction, a matter of fashion. Prices may keep going up — they’ve been rising for 15 years. But when of fashion. Prices may keep going up — they’ve been rising for 15 years. But when fashion moves on, the owner ofthat £ 350,000 beauty will suddenly find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my childhood Times.4. The author don’t need another watch because ________.A. he don’t like wearing a watchB. he has mobile phone and can ask someone for helpC. he has no sense of timeD. he thinks watches too expensive5. It seems ridiculous to the writer that________.A. expensive watches with unnecessary functions still sellB. expensive clothes sell better than cheap onesC. cheap cars don’t run as fast as expensive onesD. people dive 300 metres into the sea6. What can be learnt about Swiss watch industry from the passage?A. It wastes a huge amount of money in advertising.B. It’s hard for the industry to beat its competitors.C. It targets rich people as its potential customers.D. It’s easy for theindustry to reinvent cheap watches.7. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. Timex or Rolex?B. My Childhood TimexC. Watches? Not for Me!D. Watches----a Valuable CollectionCA 10-year-old swimmer with sky-high dreams and a name to match them has broken a record previously held by Olympian Michael Phelps.Clark Kent Apuada, whose friends call him“Superman", swam the 100-meter butterfly in 1:09.38 at the Far Western Long Course Championships in his home state of California this Sunday. That's a second faster than the record Phelps set at the same event in 1995 with a time of 1: 10. 48 in the same category of boys under 10.Clark, a rising fifth-grader who is Filipino-American, told HuffPost he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps' record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7."I was so motivated,"Clarksaid about his win."I was so happy that I was able to beat that record.”Phelps competed in his first Olympics at age 15. He went on to become the mostdecoratedOlympian in history, with 28 medals overall. “Everyone in the crowd was excited when they realized what a special swim theyhad just seen when we announced the long-standing record had been broken,"Cindy Rowland,Pacific Swimming's director, wrote in an email.Clarkwon first place for all the swimming events he competed in at this year's Far Western Championships. Pacific Swimming or PacSwim, a regional association that is part of USA Swimming, organizes the Far Western Long Course Championships. Cynthia Apuada,Clark' s mother,said that her child seems to be “living by his name at this point”。
2020-2021学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语第一次联考试题及答案
2020-2021学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语第一次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the weather is bad or when the flu breaks out, we can let the kids do some fun things at home, which can be beneficial to kids.Reading out loudIf your children are young enough, don't forget to read books to them out loud! Few children dislikehaving a good book read to them, and it's great for the development of their brains. However, if your children are a bit older and have moved onto more advanced books, there is always the choice of listening to an audiobook. This can also be done while they're doing something else.Playing board gamesMaybe your children's table is full of board games, which have been forgotten for a long time. It's a good time to bring them out when playing outside is no longer a choice. Surely, playing board games is a great way to connect with children. In addition, many board games are designed to get children thinking!Having a dance partyConsidering that all you need is a speaker or maybe just a phone, you can have a dance party wherever you are! This is a great way to get kids’ bodies moving when they are inside. Play some of your children's favorite music and let them dance to it. Not only is it good exercise, but it will help your children feel time is flying!Doing jigsaw (拼图) puzzlesFor most people that have children, it's common to have at least one jigsaw puzzle at home. Jigsaw puzzles are great because everyone can do them on their own time. Besides, your whole family will have a sense of achievement when everyone is smiling over the finished product.1. What do reading out loud and playing board games have in common?A. They both develop children's team spirit.B. They both improve children's listening ability.C. They both do good to children's thinking ability.D. They both focus on interaction between children.2. Which of the following combines exercise and music?A. Reading out loud.B. Playing board games.C. Doing jigsaw puzzles.D. Having a dance party.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To list four interesting children's parties.B. To recommend four children's favorite books.C. To introduce some activities for children inside.D. To show some funny things for children outside.BAs a 51-year-old first-aid responder since 1984, Jeffrey never knows what type of situation he might walk into, or who he'll meet along the wayTen years into the job, Jeffrey received a call that reported that a man in his early 30s had fallen down in the Mall of America. When Jeffrey and his partner arrived at the scene, they found the young male face down on the ground. He had gone unconscious, making weak attempts to breathe. His wife stood beside him holding their small son in horror. They quickly rushed to calm the man to keep him under control and offer necessary first aid. After Jeffrey dropped the patient off at the neighboring hospital, he thought about the man and his family for a long time.Jeffrey thought he had experienced everything under the sun until one random visit to Office Max three years ago, where he met a man repeatedly walking back and forth while staring at him. As it turned out, the man was the patient he had saved 20 years earlier."You gave me 20 years more than I ever thought I'd have," the man said. He thanked Jeffrey repeatedly and told him he had someone he wanted him to meet. He stepped around the corner and reappeared with a 20-something-year-old man. Jeffrey instantly knew that it was the son he had seen standing by his mother all those years ago"That day changed my life," Jeffrey said. "Before that, everything was about work…When I talk to my beginner-training class, I tell them you never know the effect you can have on someone's life."4. What did Jeffrey do with the young man?A. He cured the man at the scene.B. He took care of the man's wife and son.C. He only sent the man to hospital.D. He did what was needed5. What did Jeffrey think of the encounter with the man at Office Max?A. It was a common routine.B. It was troublesomeC. It was unbelievableD. It was a dangerous situation.6. Why was the man thankful to Jeffrey?A. Jeffrey helped bring up his little sonB. Jeffrey donated to support his family.C. Jeffrey's help gave him the present happy life.D. Jeffrey's kindness taught his son to be a new doctor.7. How did the meeting change Jeffrey's life?A. He was rewarded with much moneyB. He changed his attitude to his job.C. He got a promotion to be a team leader.D. He took up teaching work to train newcomers.CPlanned missions to the moon need to hurry up to avoid hitting one of the busiest periods for extreme space weather, according to scientists conducting the most in-depth ever research on solar storm timing.Scientists at theUniversityofReadingstudied 150 years of space weather data to look into patterns in the timing of the most extreme events,which can be extremely dangerous to astronauts and satellites. This new research on space weather timing allows predictions to be made for extreme space weather. Therefore, it could be used to plan the timing of activities, which could be affected by extreme space weather, for example, major space missions.The researchers found for the first time that extreme space weather events are more likely to occur early in or late solar cycles-such as the one just starting. The findings may have influences on the NASA-led Artemis mission. It plans to make humans return to the moon in 2024, but can be put off to the late 2020s.Professor Mathew Owens, a space physicist at theUniversityofReading, said, “Until now, the most extreme space weather events were thought to berandomin their timing. Though there is no set pattern of the events, this research suggests they are more predictable.”In the new study, the scientists used a new method applying statistical modelling to storm timing for the first time. Previous research generally focused on how big extreme space weather events can be, based on observations of previous events. Predicting their timing is far more difficult because extreme events are rare, so there is ly little historic data to identify patterns. The findings suggest that any major planned space missions , which is beyond the next five years, will have to consider the higher probability of extreme space weather late inthe present solar cycle between 2026 and 2030.8. What can we learn about the study from the first two paragraphs?A. It has lasted just 150 years.B. It doesn't refer to space weather data.C. It shows space weather has no effect on astronauts.D. It makes it possible to predict extreme space weather.9. Why might the NASA-led Artemis mission be put off?A. To research solar cycles.B. To avoid effects of space weather.C. To meet the needs of the astronauts.D. To make humans return to Earth in 2024.10. What does the underlined word “random“ in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Irregular.B. Easy.C. Limited.D. Changeless.11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The study is useful for future space missions.B. The planned space missions should be put off.C. Extreme space weather will happen before 2026.D. Previous observations make no difference to the study.DLife in the Internet age is lonely—or is it? That’s what experts in human interaction are debating after a new Stanford University survey has been published.According to the study, the more time people spend online, the less they can spare for real-life relationships with family and friends. The researchers asked 113 people about the Web’s influence on daily activities. 36％of those people are online for more than five hours a week.” As Internet use becomes more widespread, it will have an increasingly isolating (孤立的) effect on society,” says Robert Kraut, one of the researchers.Scholars and Web lovers criticized the study for stretching its data to make the “isolating” point. While 13％of regular Web users admitted the loss of time with loved ones, 60％reported watching less TV. The survey also shows that E-mail is the most popular online activity. If some of webheads (网虫)spend what was once passive TV time keeping company with friends via E-mails, “that’s a move toward greater connectedness,” says Paul Resnick, a professor at the University of Michigan.Thisisn’t the first claim that the Web should be criticized. A 1998 report monitored 73 Pittsburgh-areafamilies’ Net use for a year. People who used the Internet more “talked less to family members and reported being lonelier and more depressed.” says Robert Kraut.“It’s true that there have been big declines in social connectedness over the past decades, but those declines began before the Internet was invented,” says Thomas Putnam.As Amitay Etzioni says, the Internet gives us a different kind of social life—not better or worse than before, but just different.12. Who claimed that the Web had negative influence?A. Paul Resnick.B. Robert Kraut.C. Thomas Putnam.D. Amitay Etzioni.13. The underlined word “This” in Para.4 refers to .A. the opinion expressed in Bowling AloneB. the survey made by the University of MichiganC. the conclusion in a report written in 1998D. the study conducted by Stanford University14. From the passage we learn that .A. watching TV used to take time away from staying onlineB. the Web was blamed more than once for causing an isolating effectC. 36％ofweb users spend more than five hours a week onlineD. the Web has the same influence as telephones and televisions15. The passage mainly discusses .A. how we can make a better use of the InternetB. how declines in social connectedness appearC. whether the Internet causes an isolating effectD. what a different life the Internet brings to us第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021届上海市黄浦区高三英语一模试卷及听力原文和参考答案
黄浦区2020学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）2020年12月第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Brother and sister. B. Father and daughter.C. Husband and wife.D. Mother and son.2. A. A waiter. B. A manager. C. A salesman. D. A barber.3. A. He enjoys eating it. B. He cares little for it.C. He prefers fried seafood.D. He doesn’t want to taste it.4. A. The goods there were on sale last weekend.B. It’s the woman’s favourite shopping mall.C. It sold out 50% of the goods last weekend.D. It’s the cheapest shopping mall nearby.5. A. The woman isn’t satisfied with her clothes’ style.B. The woman is most probably pregnant.C. The woman doesn’t like the new family member.D. The woman is trying her best to lose weight.6. A. It is the only property she has.B. Her father asked her not to sell it.C. She inherited it from his father.D. She has nowhere to live after selling it.7. A. Call a repairman to come at once.B. Check the sink in the kitchen first.C. Clear up the kitchen right now.D. Stop the water from running immediately.8. A. She lost her purse. B. She forgot to bring cash.C. She failed to attend the concert.D. She was unable to get the student discount.9. A. Finish checking her reference. B. Complete the research.C. Put the material in order.D. Start typing the paper.10. A. The woman enjoyed the movie very much.B. The woman didn’t sleep well because of the movie.C. The man asked the woman to be careful at night.D. The man invited the woman to go to the theatre together.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She wrote several books. B. She managed a farm.C. She was a business woman.D. She worked as a nurse.12. A. 101 years. B. 76 years. C. 25 years. D. 22 years.13. A. Pictures in plain style. B. A successful art collector.C. A great American artist.D. The secret of living longer.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To concentrate for our quiet thought.B. To give full attention to the driving.C. To avoid being caught by the police.D. To be as casual as possible in the driving.15. A. In an elevator. B. At a special hall.C. In a bathroom.D. At a concert.16. A. By listening comprehensively and analytically.B. By taking a sonic bath thoroughly.C. By attending classical concerts frequently.D. By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Inquiring about the details of a trade fair.B. Booking rooms at a hotel.C. Complaining about the hotel room service.D. Giving suggestions on receiving guests.18. A. It’s a busy season for international tourism.B. There aren’t many hotels available in the city.C. An important economic event will occur.D. There is a big conference to be held.19. A. For five days altogether.B. From Dec.11th to Dec. 13th.C. From morning to night on Dec.15th.D. A whole day on the fourth day of their stay.20. A. The woman wants to reserve rooms either on the 1st or 6th floor.B. The woman has to pay 1200 dollars for all the rooms she has booked.C. Whether the rooms are accessible by wheelchair will affect the woman’s choice.D. Twelve people are most likely to attend the conference to be held on Dec.13th.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Consider the Mechanical PencilIf you used to collect small objects, I’m sure(if you were anything like my younger self) that you used to collect mechanical pencils.In one of the math preparatory classes I (21)______(go) to in elementary and middle school, we used to receive mechanical pencils as prizes for doing well on the in-class exams or answering questions in class. This was (22) ______ I built up my collection of Cadoozles, which are short mechanical pencils decorated with brightly colored spaceships and ice cream bars. But I’ve long since used up all my Cadoozles and a majority of the mechanical pencils that I (23) ______ (hide) in an empty mooncake tin so many years before, which makes me reflect fondly back on those old days, when receiving a mechanical pencil was as easy as drinking a glass of water.Mechanical pencils are not only more convenient than your traditional Ticonderoga in the sense that they never need (24) ______ (sharpen); they also produce thinner, cleaner lines, which is extremely important for drawers and drafters. Furthermore, they are environmentally friendly, since you don’t have to buy (25) ______ wooden pencil whenever you run out of lead(铅芯). You can simply refill your mechanical pencil! There is only one slight negative I must remark on, (26) ______ is that as someone who calls mechanical pencils “lead pencil” in casual conversation, the term “lead pencil” is confusing. Mechanical pencil lead is actually not made from the chemical element lead. It is made from a mixture of graphite and clay, which (27) ______ not give you lead poisoning. This is contrary to what my third-grade teacher said when she saw my classmate John clicking his mechanical pencil against his index finger out of boredom: “John, stop that! You’re going to get lead poisoning!” I think all the third-graders (and teachers) in the world would feel much (28) ______ (safe) if they knew what really made up the pencils they use every day.It used to be so easy to grab a mechanical pencil whenever I needed one, but (29) ____________ the mooncake tin has become increasingly lighter, I have learned to appreciate my writing instruments more. Perhaps I should have collected a few more Cadoozles when I was younger; perhaps I should have appreciated the feeling of holding up the mooncake tin when it was three-quarters full, hoping that there would always be a new pencil for me (30) ______ (use) tomorrow.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Science Isn’t Always Perfect— But We Should Still Trust It From environment pollution to climate change, we make decisions every day that involve usin scientific claims. Are genetically modified crops safe to eat? Is climate change an emergency? In recent years, many of these issues have become politically polarized, with people rejecting scientific evidence that is opposite their political 31 . When Greta Thunberg, the youthful climate activist, was asked by one member why we should trust the science, she replied, “because it’s science!”For several decades, there has been a(n) 32 and organized campaign intended to produce distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think-tanks whose interests and beliefs are 33 by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space.That answer isn’t wrong, but for many people it’s not 34 . After all, just because scientists more than 400 years ago were right about the structure of the solar system doesn’t prove that a different group of scientists are right about a different issue today.An alternative answer to the question—Why trust science? —is that scientists use “the scientific method.” If you’ve got a high school science textbook lying around the house, you’ll probably find that answer in it. But this answer is wrong. But what is 35 declared to be the scientific method—develop a hypothesis(假设), then design an experiment to test it—isn’t what scientists actually do. Historians of science have shown that scientists use many different methods, and these methods have changed with time. Science 36 changes: new methods get invented, old ones get 37 , and any particular point in time scientists can be found doing many different things. And that’s a good thing, because the so-called scientific method doesn’t work. False theories can produce true results, so even if an experiment works, it doesn’t prove that the theory it was 38 to test is true. There also might be many different theories that could produce that same 39 result. On the contrary, if the experiment fails, it doesn’t prove the theory is wrong; it could be that the experiment was badly conducted or there was a fault in one of the 40 .III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Travelling, at least travelling any considerable distance, means dealing with airports. I’ve seen my share of airports. They come in several 41 . The smallest I have been through was in the African town of Hoedspruit where the main waiting area was smaller than many schoolc l a s s r o o m s,s e c u r i t y a nd t i c ke t c h e c k i n g w e r e b o t h42 by one person who was also controlling the gate onto the airfield and you had to walk out to the plane and climb the stairs to get in. It was even smaller than Canada’s Moncton airport where the person taking the tickets was also one of the two 43 on our flight.At the other extreme are the 44 , modern airports in the world’s major cities. LAX, in Los Angeles has two parallel runways and provides the unusual opportunity to watch out the window of your landing aircraft as another one lands right beside you. Some, such as Beijing’s Capital International Airport, SeaTac in Seattle and the International Airport in San Francisco, like those in Hong Kong and Shanghai, have 45 terminals connected by different buses or underground trains. Finding a connecting flight often means changing terminals, which can be a little 46 .Heathrow airport in London, England, 47 that bigger is not always better. Heathrowconsists of terminals used by various 48 and is centered around an area that contains stores and restaurants. At Heathrow the tired traveller gets the 49 that they want you to spend your time in the stores because they won’t announce the gate from which your flight will leave until about an hour before flight time. Given that they start to get people onto the planes half an hour before takeoff that leaves just 30 minutes to find and 50 your gate, some of which are a 25-minute walk from the store area. There is absolutely no 51 for this because the airport authorities know even before the day begins how many flights are arriving and departing and where they plan to put them. If I have just come off one long flight and I’m waiting for another, what I want is a quiet place, not an area 52 bright lights and noisy shoppers.Travel, for me, is interesting but when I have to fly, getting there is 53 not half the fun. Airplanes are a very efficient way to move people long distances and airports are a(n) 54 part of the process. Most airports do their best to provide a good travelling experience but they are to be 55 , not really enjoyed.41. A. types B. cities C. areas D. sizes42. A. identified B. handled C. promoted D. processed43. A. guards B. astronauts C. pilots D. passengers44. A. tremendous B. crowded C. international D. fashionable45. A. flexible B. multiple C. available D. irregular46. A. exciting B. astonishing C. confusing D. encouraging47. A. regulates B. emphasizes C. encounters D. demonstrates48. A. functions B. departments C. airlines D. authorities49. A. recreation B. presentation C. announcement D. impression50. A. look for B. get to C. meet at D. check out51. A. exception B. doubt C. apology D. excuse52. A. filled with B. dominated by C. decorated with D. recognized by53. A. increasingly B. permanently C. attentively D. definitely54. A. effective B. optional C. necessary D. suitable55. A. simplified B. endured C. declared D. paralleledSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Sometimes when she felt bored, she would pick up one of the numerous biographies(传记) about herself and begin to note on it. “I never did that” or “simply not true” she would write roughly in the margins at the sides of pages. Since journalists, biographers and more recently even “bloggers” had been writing about her since the day she was born, there was plenty of material to edit. Not that her notes or corrections were ever shared with the authors. Lately, however, she even seemed to have lost her appetite for correctness. Did it matter anymore if things were not right?She knew that sitting alone chewing away on downbeat thoughts would not get her anywhere and would leave those around her confused and upset, should they ever catch her out. After all she was the decisive one, always on top of her game. A printed timetable for the following day lay on the table. A full day of openings and presentations, of smiling and nodding and flowers.Shaking herself out of her gray mood, she stepped over towards the computer where a sudden burst of energy gave her an idea. The screen flashed up in front of her but instead of clicking on the familiar icons which would lead her to the emails Randolph had considered she needed to read, she simply went to visit Mr. Google and began her search for train timetable.A dish heaped with multi-coloured jellies and plenty of ice cream, served by a white-gloved train waiter with a perfect moustache. So many years had passed but she still remembered the jelly dissolving on her tongue in small but delicious mouthfuls. Each spoonful had to be lifted delicately to her mouth under the watchful eye of her grandmother, who was a stickler for good manners. It was unlikely that they served jelly on the trains these days, what with all the concern about childhood fatness, but even a Spartan menu could not kill the romance of a train journey. As the timetable for Linehurst line flashed in front of her, she remembered that the Mayor of Alwoy would be expecting her to make a short, predictable speech at the opening of the new bridge.56. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. The main character is probably a journalist writing blogs about royal members.B. The main character is always busy editing plenty of material about herself.C. The authors probably had chances to get the notes or correctness from the main character.D. Randolph is probably an assistant or a secretary to the main character.57. Why does the main character recall the time she ate jellies and ice cream?A. She wishes that she were still a child so that she could eat jellies and ice cream.B. She is reminded of these foods because the thought of a train journey reminds her of them.C. She wishes she still knew where the handsome train waiter was.D. Today’s children aren’t allowed to eat the same things that she ate as a child.58. A “Spartan menu”(paragraph 4) would most likely ___________________.A. have mainly low fat, healthy foodsB. be suitable for a romantic dinnerC. include a range of sweets, but no jellyD. include foods which are easy to transport59. What is most likely to happen next in this passage?A. The main character will practise her speech for greeting the Mayor of Alwoy.B. The main character will decide to take a rail journey.C. Randolph will send some emails to the main character.D. The main character will update her blog on the internet.(B)Canals have to be built on a level, otherwise thewater drains out of them and the canal becomesuseless. This was the great problem facing the earlycanal builders, and they overcame it in differentways. The early engineers like James Brindley simplyfollowed the outlines of the countryside and kepttheir canals level even though it often meantchoosing very roundabout routes.Later engineers, such as Thomas Telford,developed a new technique known as ‘cut and fill’in which they fixed a level through very accuratesurveying. This allowed them to fill in the hollowson a route with the exact amount of soil they tookfrom the higher ground. By this method, very directroutes could be taken, which cut down the time of ajourney very considerably. A good example of thistype of canal is Telford’s Liverpool and BirminghamJunction Canal, which he began in 1826 to provide adirect route from the Midlands to the River Mersey.It was seldom possible to build a completelylevel canal, of course, whichever method was used,and most canals were provided with locks in whichbarges were raised or lowered to new levels. If youlook at the diagram on the right, you can see a bargebeing raised in a lock by means of water which wasallowed into the lock basin, or pound, from the upperlevel of the canal. When a barge had to be lowered,water was allowed out of the pound into the lower level of the canal.60. Brindley’s canals were less efficient, most likely because _______________.A. he was not a good canal engineerB. the techniques and skills available at the time were uselessC. his canals were built to keep the water drains outD. they had too many roundabout routes61. According to this passage, why was the ‘cut and fill’ technique designed?A. The outlines of the land could not be followed directly.B. It could make travelling distances shorter and save journey time.C. New surveying techniques had been invented successfully.D. The distance between the Midlands and River Mersey is great.62. Locks are needed in canals to _______________.A. help boats to travel in both directionsB. keep water levels changing all the timeC. allow large ships to travel in canalsD. transfer boats across differing water levels(C)In the ancient world, the practice of medicine was inescapably linked to supernatural belief and magic. That was until the Greeks made advances in the field and brilliant figures such as Hippocrates laid the foundations for our medicine today. Recognized as the father of modern medicine, Hippocrates realised what seems obvious to us today—that the observation and noting of symptoms is primary. He travelled across Greece teaching medicine, encouraging the view that disease had physical, not supernatural, explanations.Medical students still take the Hippocratic Oath, a formal promise made by new doctors that they will follow the standards set by their profession and try to preserve life, swearing to use their skills to heal and do no harm. One of Hippocrates’ theories was of the ‘four humours’, a belief that disease was caused by an imbalance of the four liquids supposedly contained in the human body—blood, phlegm, and black and yellow bile(a liquid produced by your organ which helps you to digest fat).Blood-letting was a common response to illness and was used until only 150 years ago in the mistaken belief that it would restore the body’s internal balance. But while the Greeks may have been wrong about the bleeding and the bile, they were still the first civilization to understand that diseases could be treated by using careful observation and logical thought.Aristotle, political theorist, philosopher and teacher, also studied the natural world from a scientific point of view. He was the first to classify organisms, and although his method may seem simple now, he divided them into two basic categories, as either plant or animal—he was the first to do so. Aristotle valued experimentation and discovered that evaporation, the process of becoming a vapour, turned salt water into fresh water. He was also a believer in the theory that all matter is composed of four elements—fire, earth, water and air.Hippocrates believed the four humours, related to the four liquids in the body, were each in line with an organ, a season and with different moods. The four were based on the Greeks’idea of four base elements (air, water, fire, earth). Although discredited now, the humours formed the basis of western medicine until the 18th century. They were:- Blood from the liver: associated with Spring; with courage and hope- Phlegm from brain and lungs: Winter; calm and unemotional- Yellow bile from gall bladder (胆囊): Summer; anger and bad temper- Black bile from spleen(脾脏): Autumn; with blue and dark mood63. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. It was the Greeks that made advances in the field of practice of medicine in the ancient world.B. The Hippocratic Oath is a formal promise made by new doctors to swear their responsibilities.C. Hippocrates thought disease was caused by an imbalance of the four liquids contained in the human body.D. Hippocrates was the first to believe diseases could be treated by careful observation and logical thought.64. The practice of blood-letting was based on the belief that ____________.A. the blood was polluted by virusesB. the human body was not evenly balancedC. the patient was in a bad humourD. too much blood was bad for people65. How did Aristotle find out that salt water can be turned into fresh water?A. He studied many books from a scientific point of view.B. He drew the conclusion according to the two basic categories.C. He made the discovery based on conducting experiments himself.D. He believed that all matter consists of four base elements.66. Why is Hippocrates considered the founder of modern medicine?A. He proved that there are four base elements in all matter in the world.B. He showed the procedure of how the four bodily liquids affected moods.C. He insisted that almost all diseases had supernatural explanations.D. He recognized the importance of the observation and noting of symptoms.Section CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Current evidence suggests that many of these benefits continue into adulthood.B. To increase physical activity for adolescents, the authors need to identify the manycauses and inequities.C. The authors say that levels of insufficient physical activity in adolescents continueto be extremely high.D. To improve levels of physical activity among adolescents, the study provides somerecommendations as follows.E. The authors note that adolescents’ participation in physical activity will continueinto adulthood.F. The study highlights that young people have the right to play and should be providedwith the opportunities to realize their right to physical and mental health andwellbeing.Adolescents Worldwide Not Sufficiently Physically ActiveNew WHO-led study says majority of adolescents worldwide are not sufficiently physically active, putting their current and future health at risk. 67 “Urgent policy action to increase physical activity is needed now, particularly to promote and keep up girls’participation in physical activity,” says study author Dr Regina Guthold, WHO.The health benefits of a physically active lifestyle during adolescence include improved heart and lungs fitness, bone health and positive effects on weight. There is also growing evidencethat physical activity has a positive impact on cognitive development and socializing. 68 To achieve these benefits, the WHO recommends for adolescents to do moderate or vigorous physical activity for an hour or more each day. The authors estimated 80 percent of teens donot meet this recommendation by analysing data collected through school-based surveys on physical activity levels.69 Urgent scaling up is needed of known effective policies and programmes to increase physical activity in adolescents. Multisectoral action is needed to offer opportunities for youngpeople to be active, involving education, urban planning, road safety and others. The highest levels of society, including national, city and local leaders, should promote the importance of physical activity for the health and well-being of all people, including adolescents.70 Strong political will and action can address the fact that four in every five adolescents do not experience the enjoyment and social, physical, and mental health benefits of regular physical activity. Policy makers and stakeholders should be encouraged to act now for the health of this and future young generations.IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Singapore’s Information Technology StrategySingapore’s information technology strategy rests on two major legs. The first leg is world-class basic facilities. Being a city-state, it is relatively easy to connect every home, office and hotel room. Our objective is to provide broad-band everywhere, either wired or wireless. We will make it a readily available utility like water, electricity, gas and telephone. We are well on our way there. We now require, by regulation, every new home to be equipped with broad-band in the same way as it is required to have water and electricity.The second leg is the education of our entire population in IT(information technology). Like reading, writing and arithmetic, computers are best learnt when we are young. Today’s children can click the mouse faster than we can blink. In many countries, children of middle-class families have no difficulty with this new technology. But, without special effort, there is a danger that children of poorer families will miss out on the opportunity to learn IT. Like the piano and violin, one can still learn the computer as an adult. But rarely does one acquire the same facility. The strategy in Singapore is therefore to teach information technology to every child regardless of his family background. The Education Ministry now has a multi-billion dollar programme to provide one computer for every 2 schoolchildren in Singapore from first grade onwards. Every teacher will have a notebook.Most Singaporeans now understand the importance of IT, if not for themselves, at least for their children and grandchildren. Over 40% of households in Singapore now own PCs. Over one-third of households in Singapore already enjoy access to Internet. What we want is for every Singaporean to be computer literate so that he can function effectively in any bank, factory or restaurant, just as one would expect an employee to be able to read, write and count. An employer in Singapore in the future should not have to worry that his employee does not know how to use a computer or the Internet.。
2020-2021学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试题及答案解析
2020-2021学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADon’t know where to enjoy yourself? Here are some choices for you.Santa Cruz Mission State Historic ParkPopUp Picnics in the park return for the fourth summer in a row, taking place on Thursdays. Take a break to enjoy tacos (墨西哥玉米薄饼卷). Prices changefrom $ 2 to $ 10. Cash only.144 School Street June 13-August 15 Start at 11:30 am and end at 1:30 pmThe Crow’s NestEach summer on Thursday evenings the Crow’s Nest offers its Summer Beach Party series on the beach. The party starts at 5:30 pm each week and goes until sunset. Families are welcome, and there is no entrance fee. After the sun sets, the fun begins with dancing to the best live music of local bands.2218 East Cliff Drive May 30-August 29 Start at 5:30 pm and end at 8:30 pmBargetto WineryJoin us for a beautiful weekend of art and wine. Bargetto Winery will be hosting their yearly gathering of artists and foodies（美食家）at their amazing Soquel winery. No entrance fee. Wine tasting with purchase of $ 15 festival glass. 3535 North Main StreetJuly 20 - July 21 Start at 11:00 am and end at 5:00 pmChaminade Resort & SpaChef Page takes guests on a journey showing the area rich fruits, vegetables, and meats. Dinner begins at 6:30 pm with a five-course menu and good wines. Seating booked is not a choice, as all guests are seated at large, connecting, beautifully set tables designed to invite open conversations among guests. Ticket price: $ 90 per person. Tickets can be gotten online.Chaminade Lane July 26 Start at 6:00 pm and end at 9:00 pm1. What can we know about PopUp Picnics in the park?A. It lasts two days.B. It is held on Thursdays.C. It has been held twice.D. It can be paid in credit card.2. What can people do in the Crow’s Nest?A. Enjoy tacos.B. Talk with artists and foodies.C. Watch the sunrise on the beach.D. Watch the performance of the bands.3. Which activity can be booked on the Internet?A. The Crow's Nest.B. Bargetto Winery.C. Chaminade Resort & Spa.D. Santa Cruz Mission State Historic Park.BTexas has been one of the most restrictive gun-rights states in America.Thanks to a new law,however,the state will be one of the most relaxed,to the degree that police are discouraged from even asking about someone's guns. And if they do, they may not have much power to do anything if the person refuses to show a license.To be sure, the law is strict in its own way,offering a model for regulation. Under the law, open-carry citizens have to be licensed, a process that includes safety and shooting tests. They also have to show no prior psychological problems, and they have to be at least 21 years old.It is true that gun violence dropped sharply after restrictive laws were put in place in countries like Great Britain and Australia. However,the US public seems more interested than ever in weapons and the power they convey,despite gun control groups' concern over the increase of violence. Most states in America have steadily expanded gun rights since the end of a 10-year assault(攻击)weapons ban in 2004. Black Friday this year saw the biggest gun cache(贮存)ever purchased in one day.Considering those trends,there's a heated debate about whether the new Texas law is a model piece of legislation(立法)for a changing America,or a walking disaster just begging for trouble. As the law doesn't provide any punishment for those who refuse to show a license to a police officer, critics fear that officers may find it tough to handle potentially deadly situations. After all, armed citizens will no longer be considered suspicious, even though a lot of people might be alarmed by the sight. Most police in Texas have been told to not engage gun carriers unless they are doing something questionable or appear drunk.For sure,New Year's Day will be an exciting one for Texas gun owners. What's not yet known is how the rest of Texas will respond.4. All of the following are required in the new Texas law for open carry EXCEPTA. age limitB. mental conditionC. online registrationD. gun-operating skills5. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A. The reason for putting forward the new Texas law.B. The present situation of gun possession in America.C. The impact of the assault weapons ban in 2004.D. The inaction of the US government as to gun control.6. What do critics think the new Texas law will probably lead to?A. Heavier workload for policemen.B. Disrespect for officers.C. Lack of trust among citizens.D. Difficulty in crime prevention.7. What is the author's attitude towards the new Texas law?A. Negative.B. Cautious.C. Indifferent.D. Approving.CA company called Neuralink has shared a video which appears to show a monkey playing a video game, but what makes the video even stranger is that themonkey is playing the video game with just its mind.Neuralink is a company owned by Elon Musk, which is working to develop devices that could allow people to control things using just their brains. The monkey in the video is called Pager, having special "Link" devices inside his brain. These devices are connected to 2,048 wires which lead to the parts of Pager's brain that control movements of the arms and hands.Scientists taught Pager to play a video game using a banana juice as a reward when he playedthe game correctly. Soon Pager was eager to play well in order to get more smoothie. At first, Pager controlled the video game using a joystick (操纵杆). But as Pager played, his Link devices wirelessly sent out information about the signals his brain was using to control his arms and hands. Neuralink's scientists recorded all of these signals.Then they used computers to match up the signals from Pager's brain to the movements that his hands were actually doing. This was challenging work and the scientists counted on artificial intelligence (AI) to help them decode (解码) Pager's brain signals.The next step was to have a computer make moves in the video game as if Pager had actually moved thejoystick. If Pager thought about moving the joystick up, the computer would send an "up"signal to the video game. Thus Pager was able to play the video game using just his brain.When people are paralyzed (瘫痪的), it's often because the brain has lost the ability to send signals to nerves and muscles in certain parts of the body. Neuralink hopes that one day, its system will be ableto send this information in a different way, allowing paralyzed people to use their arms or legs again.8. What does Neuralink aim to do?A. To make monkeys much smarter.B. To solve complex problems with monkeys.C. To create a device linking monkeys and people.D. To make people control things with their brains.9. How does the author introduce the process of the research?A. In order of time.B. By making a comparison.C. By giving examples.D. In order of space.10. What played an important role in the success of the research?A. The joystick.B. Artificial intelligence.C. The video game.D. The banana smoothie.11. Which is the most suitable title of the test?A. Neuralink Posts an Unusual VideoB. Disabled People Have a Bright FutureC. Monkey Plays Video Games with His MindD. Neuralink, a Creative and Competitive CompanyD“Tell her,” I whispered to my daughter as she pressed her body against mine. She folded my free arm around her little shoulders while I finished loading the groceries onto the conveyer belt.I smiled at the young cashier who had a butterfly knot tied to her black ponytail(马尾辫). My daughter was right when she'd whispered to me, “Her hair is so pretty.”“Tell her,” I repeated witha gentle push. My girl only dug her pink cheeks deeper into my side as she nervously twisted the edge of my sleeve in her small fist.The cashier looked down at my daughter, her expression showing a little concern. “My daughter thinks your hair is beautiful.” I explained.The cashier's face lit up. “You do?” This led my little one out of her hiding place. She looked up and nodded.“Thank you so much! You made my day,” the cashier said with a smile brilliant enough to compete with her highlights. My daughter returned it with a shining smile of her own.As I walked out of the store, holding my daughter's hand, I stole a glance back at the young woman. Her energy was clearly brighter now than it had: been when we first entered her line.After loading my groceries in the trunk, I climbed into the driver's seat. It was then that my daughter made a declaration, “Mom, I think I'm going to start telling everyone when I like their hair.” “You should, honey.” And she did. She still does.It's a rare occasion if we make a trip out in public without her telling someone that she loves their hair, or nails, or shirt, or shoes. To be honest, I think she even does so more than me. And it's one of my favorite things about this girl. She learned, at a very young age, that by simply telling people when you see beauty in them, you can draw out the beauty of human connection.12. Why was the author's daughter nervous in the store?A. She was frightened of the cashier.B. She was too shy to express herself.C. She was unable to pay the groceries.D. She was unhappy to greet a stranger.13. What made the cashier more energetic in her work?A. The praise from a little girl.B. The support of the customers.C. The competition environment.D. The understanding of a mother.14. What does the author think of her daughter now?A. Kind and independent.B. Lively and cheerful.C. Careful and generous.D. Smart and proud.15. What is the best title of the text?A. The Beauty Of Good MannersB. The Power In Raising Others UpC. A Girl's New Way OutOf TroubleD. A Mother's Love For Her Daughter第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。