最新整理托福英语词汇分类汇总大全
新托福1000个高频词汇(词组)

托福考试高频词汇Aa pivotal figure a pivotal figure (关键)人物pivot 轴心premium premium n.保险金a.高级的,高价的a premium student a premium student 优秀学生a range of a range of 一系列的东西(有顺序)a range from sth. to sth. 从...到...范围,排列不等abandon abandon 抛弃,放纵abandonment n. abbreviate abbreviate v. 缩短,缩写abbreviation n. abrasion abrasion n.磨损abstract abstract (ab-去掉,stract 拉)a.抽象的n.概要absurd absurd a.荒谬的abundance abundance (und-波浪) n.丰富,多'麦浪翻滚'undulate/fluctuate 波动accelerate accelerate (celer-速度)v.加速,不断增长celerity速度decelerate v.减速have access to have access to 能够接触,靠近you have access to the libraryaccessible accessible a.可靠近的acclaim acclaim v.欢呼,欢迎acclaimed a.受人欢迎的accommodate accommodate v.给人提供食宿;与...相符,适应(commod- 方便commodity 商品accommodating accommodating a.乐于助人的accompany accompany v.陪伴,伴奏accompanist 伴奏者accompaniment n.陪伴物,伴奏accord accord v.和谐一致(-ion琴)accordion 手风琴accumulate accumulate(cumul-堆积)v.聚堆积cumulus 积云accustom accustom v.使习惯get accustomed to sth. 海关custom 关税tariffacquaintance acquaintance n.熟悉,认识acronym acronym(acr-高,-onym词)n.首字母缩略词acute acute a.敏锐的性急的,急性病chronic慢性病adapt adapt v.适应环境adaptable 能适应的adaptation 适应,改写本addictive addictive a.(吸毒)上瘾的addict (dict-被命令做某事)v.使沉迷additive additive (add-加)添加剂,附加的adept adept a.老练的adjoining/adjacent adjoining/ adjacent a.邻近的,毗邻的adjust adjust (just-正确)v.调整,校准adjustment n. adobe adobe n.土坯,印第安人造房原料abode abode n.住所,住房adopt adopt (opt-选择)v.收养,采纳adoption n. adornment adornment (orn-饰)n. 装饰ornamentation 饰品advent advent n.来到adventure n.冒险with the advent of 21 century 随着21世纪的到来adverse adverse(-verse转)a.不利的,逆反的~wind 逆风~influence 不利影响adversity n.灾难,不幸,逆境adversary n.对手,敌手advocate advocate v./n.支持,拥护(者)anesthetic esthetic a.感觉的anesthetic (an-无)a.麻醉的aesthetic a.美感的,美学的affect affect v.影响,假装severe strom adversely affect our studyaffected affected a.装模作样的affection n.友爱,友情affectation affectation n.假装affiliate affiliate(fili-绳子,家族,一条线,儿子)v.变成...的儿子,和...联合,加盟进去,附加filiale 子公司filial 子女的,孝顺的afflict afflict(flict-打击)v.折磨conflict n.冲突affluent affluent(flu-流动) a.富有的,丰富的aggravating aggravating(grav-重)a.一再恶化的gravity 重力gravitation 万有引力aggregate aggregate (greg-团体,是group的变体)v.总计aggregation n. 集合gregarious a.群居的,社交的agitation agitation n.激动,煽动agitate v. 鼓动akin to akin(-kin亲情关系) ~to 和...相近,关系密切alchemy alchemy(chem-化学)n. 炼金术chemistry 化学alder alder 赤杨树older 老人坐在赤杨树下sloth sloth 树懒algae algae n.海藻algal a.alien alien n.外国人alienate v.疏远all but all but + a. almost几乎集合+n. all except 除...之外所有的all inclusive all inclusive 无所不包的allocate allocate(loc-地方)v.分配(财富)alloy alloy n.合金ally ally n.联盟,盟军alternate alternate v.交替alternative a.二中选一的altitude altitude (-alt高)n. 高度exalt 晋升,赞扬latitude latitude 纬度,自由空间longitude 经度aluminium aluminium 铝ambiance ambiance(ambi-两边) n.周围,氛围amenable amenable a.负责任的,应服从的amiable amiable a.和蔼可亲的amplify amplify(ampl-大)v.放大amplifier 扩音器ancestor ancestor(an-在前面ces-走)祖先annihilate annihilate(nihil-变成零)v.消灭,歼灭nihility虚无annual annual a.一年一度的anomaly anomaly (norm-规范)n.异常的人或物anonymous anonymous(an-无onym-名字)a.匿名的antibiotics antibiotics(anti-抗bio-生理)a.抗生素的antiquate antiquate v.使古旧,废弃antique古董,过时的antiquated a.陈旧的antiquity 古代apart from apart from 除...之外besides;aside fromappeal appeal v.上诉,呼吁,吸引力(to)appealing appealing有吸引力的apprentice apprentice n.学徒,一再锻炼的人(practise) approach approach v. 接近(to sb.),方法aptly aptly a.恰当的,得体的aquatic aquatic a.水的,水生的aquarium 水族馆arch arch n.弧形,拱形门,主要的archaeology archaeology(archae-古代)n.考古学archipelago archipelago(archi-主要的)n.群岛, 以o结尾的词大量是意大利语,如:女高音-女中音-女低音soprano-mezzo-altoarchitect architect n.建筑师arduous arduous(ard-热情-ous过多)a.费劲的,劳累的ardent n.热情arena arena n.斗牛场,竞技场arid arid a.干旱的armature armature n.盔甲armoraromatic aromatic a. 芬芳的aroma n.芳香array array(ray光线)v. 排列arthritis arthritis(arth-关节-itis炎症)关节炎arthrosis arthrosis n.关节hepatitis n.肝炎artificial artificial a.人造的artisan artisan(-san人)n.工匠,艺人partisan游击队党徒as a rule as a rule 通常,总的来说as a whole/generallyas a rough thumb as a rough thumb(拇指)大概来说as far as as far as 就...来说;远到China's border is as far north as Mohe.中国边界北部远达漠河。
托福分类词汇学科类

托福词汇词以类记学科类生物( creature / organism )Strain 种;血统( species 物种)Parasite寄生虫;寄生植物parasitic寄生的Vital 活体 ripe 成熟的生物行为:Mimicry模仿,拟生Symbiosis 共生,合作关系symbiotic共生的Evolve(使)进化,(使)发展 evolutionary进化的Extinct灭绝的 extinction灭绝繁殖: breed( n. 品种) reproduction(复制品) proliferate Propagate (传播)后代: posterity = offspring =descendantSubsist生存 = exist= surviveFermentation发酵Respiration 呼吸Secrete分泌 secretion 分泌物Assimilate 吸收 ---stodgy 难消化的Immune免疫的 = unaffected = unsusceptible( immunity免疫性)Metabolism新陈代谢学术类:Darwinism达尔文学说进化论Morphology形态学Microscope显微镜Calorie卡路里Carbohydrate碳水化合物Glucose葡萄糖Protein蛋白质地质类( Geology )地理类石头Quartz石英Marble大理石Gem宝石Fieldstone散石大卵石Emerald祖母绿翡翠Granite花岗岩Lead铅Limestone石灰石Lava熔岩火山岩Ruby红宝石Mineral矿物矿石Ore矿石Sediment沉淀物Fossil化石petrify 变成化石Aluminum铝Ledge暗礁地貌terrain地形topography地形学Vein矿脉Pit 地坑borehole钻孔Wiikite杂泥矿Bonanza富矿带Crater弹坑Glacier 冰河冰川glacial冰的冰河的Iceberg冰山Plateau 平原Basin 盆地海洋Insular 海岛的peninsula半岛Maritime海的海上的Ledge暗礁Tide 潮汐ebb 退潮Subsidiary支流Contour轮廓海岸线Strait海峡Navigation航海Salinity盐分盐度大陆Continent大陆Terrestrial领土的Outskirt外边郊区Endemic 地方的Cosmopolitan全世界的Subterrane地下Cavern 大山洞Coastland沿海岸地区Flaw裂隙Cleft 裂缝crevice裂缝rift slit地球Equator赤道Longitude经度altitude高度latitude纬度Meridian子午线Antarctic南极的Antarctica南极洲Arctic北极,北极的Elevation高地正面图Geothermy地热Tropical热带的Tropics 回归线热带地质灾害Tremor震动颤动Seism地震Seismic地震的Seismic wave地震波Cataclysm Seismology Magnitude Cataclysm Magma 地震地震学震级地震灾难岩浆 squirt大洪水喷出erupt爆发outburst爆发喷出eruption火山灰volcanic火山的地球构造Stratum地层Mantle地幔Lithosphere岩石圈Layer层阶层Crust地壳Fault 断层气候Moist温润的多雨的化学(chemistry化学biochemistry生物化学)腐烂Hackneyed 陈腐的= mouldy = stale = smelly = musty = flatCaustic Erosion Erode Rot Rotten 腐蚀性的= abrasive = corrosive 腐蚀腐蚀= corrode腐烂=perish = decay腐烂的= decaying = decomposedDecomposition分解腐烂Rust生锈化学物质Silica硅土Crystal 水晶Gasoline汽油Methane甲烷沼气Hydrocarbon碳氢化合物Petroleum石油Plastic塑胶Intermediary媒介物= mediator Dye 颜料染色= pigment Carbon碳Copper铜Lead 铅Nickel镍币Platinum白金Silver银子Sodium钠Tin 锡Zinc锌Calcium钙Helium氦Silicon硅Ammonia氨水Sulfur 硫磺Iodine Nitrogen Oxygen 碘酒氨氧气化学反应氧化oxidizeCatalysis催化作用Catalyst催化剂Adhesive粘合剂Scorch 使褪色= discolorBleach 去色漂白= blanch n.Tint上色漂白剂Hydronic液体循环加热(冷却)的Kindle燃起=ignite = inflameSear 烧灼Ignite 使燃着Neutralize中和 counteract Polymerization 聚合Synthetic综合的Solubility溶度溶性Solution解答溶解溶液Solvent溶解的Solvent溶解的 n.溶媒Dissolve溶解Substance物质实质on离子Molecule分子Element元素Impurity杂质Blend 混和Particle颗粒Combination化合组合Compound混化物化合物Artificial人造的Implementation:Alchemy炼金术魔力Alkaline碱性的Alkalinity碱度Fluid流度Dilute弱的Acetic乙酸的Muriatic碱金属Lye碱液Limestone石灰石Art艺术类见书本 P96Picturesque如画般的生动的Impressionism印象派Embroider绣花Enact 扮演 = impersonatePrelude 序幕Profile n.外形Renaissance 文艺复兴Conjure 用魔术做成Aesthetic审美的Georgraphy地理类地理形态:岛:Insular海岛的Island岛屿Peninsula半岛Islet小岛海,河:Marine海的= marine/ deanicMaritime海的近海的海上的= marine / oceanic Ledge 暗礁Tide 潮汐Ebb 退潮Contour轮廓海岸线= outline / profileStriat 海峡地峡= channelNavigation航海Coastland沿海岸地区Subsidiary 支流Salinity盐度盐分陆地:Continent大陆Terrestrial领土的terrestrial magnetism地磁学Outskirt外边郊区Domain =region 地区地域Endemic地方的 = nativeCosmopolitan = global全世界的Subterrane地下 = underground subterranean地下的Cavern大洞穴Flaw 裂隙crevice=cleft裂缝Gap =opening 裂口Terrain地形 topography地形学:Lowland低地苏格兰低地Plain 平原草原Volcano火山Plateau高原Basin 盆地Geothermy地热Oasis 绿洲地理单位Zone带=region areaEquator赤道Elevation高地正面图海拔Longitude经度Altitude高度Latitude纬度Meridian子午线Hemisphere半球Horizon地平线Equator赤道Tropical热带的Tropics回归线Antarctic南极的Antarctica南极洲Arctic北极法律类 law法庭 court =bar:penal受刑罚的刑事的arbitration调停仲裁confiscate没收充公convict判罪正面 = penalizeverdict判决indemnity赔偿imprisonment监禁invalidate使作废captivity拘留关押trial 审判detain拘留阻止extenuate=diminish 使罪过显得轻微plaintiff原告plead抗辩恳求defend辩护proscribe禁止abstinence 禁戒节制abstain戒绝ban 禁令revise修订verify验证testimony证言accusation控告 = complaint 控告诉苦impeach弹劾控告 = incriminate 控告indictment起诉 = prosecutedenounce告发lawsuit诉讼interrogate审问impunity免罚exempt免除condone宽恕赦免 = liberate = release = absolve acquit宣告无罪= vindicate = exonerateterm = clause条款bill 法案constitution宪法decree法令规定legislate立法legalize合法化enact制定法律prescribe指示规定非法illicit = unlawful = illegal违法的不守法的unruly不守法的illegitimate非法的私生的default不履行责任缺乏violate违法侵犯infringe侵犯违反= encroach intrude flee逃跑逃离义务Bound负有义务的Compulsory义务的必修的Oblige强迫Obligatory义务的必须得Responsible有责任的Domineering专权的Mandatory命令的强制的Licensed = permissive被许可的Fine罚金Saddle是负担Abide遵守权利Heirship继承权Jurisdiction司法权Authorize授权使能够Oath誓言Veto否决权Stipulate约定Testify 证明= substantiate = corroborate Credential凭证环境类environment污染:Noxious有害的有毒的Pollute污染pollutant污染物质Contaminate= defile污染Sewage下水道污水Fume 难闻的烟气体Equilibrium= balanceFauna 动物群动物区系Decibel分贝Ozonosphere臭氧层教育教Adj. didactic = instructive教诲的说教的N.sermon = speechV.initiate 启蒙 = enlighten 启蒙开发 = edify 陶冶教化 = illuminate instill 灌输 = infuse = impartLead = direct=instruct = conduct引导Curriculum课程Discipline学科经济类财富:Precious Prosperous = valuable 宝贵的珍贵的= thriving,flourishingProsperity繁荣= well-beingRare = scarce = uncommon稀罕的珍贵的Asset 财富 = possessions = prosperityFortune = wealth财富商业 commerce :Bidding投标Drawback退款Lease出租Redress补偿 = rectify = remedy = compensation Ration 定量配给量 = allowanceRebate返回款折扣Merchandise商品 = commodities = goods Currency通货市价 = exchangeInventory物品清单Quota限额定额 = portionCause事业Acting 代理的Inertia惯性惯量Discount打折Shipment装船装货Surplus过剩剩余物资 = residue残余Savings储蓄Collateral抵押品Reimburse偿还 = refundGarner储存Underestimate低估Exchange兑换交换 = barterAssess 估计 =evaluateUtility效用Deposit存款押金Commission佣金Ransom赔偿金财政finance sponsor subsidizeExponent指数Deficit赤字Levy 课税征收Tariff关税Inflation通货膨胀Consume 消耗消费Disburse 支出支付分配= distribute Depreciate贬值Merge合并= amalgamate = consolidateAudit 审查查账=censorTransaction交易Patronage资助Bond公债Custom进口税Revenue 收入 = returns earnings。
托福常考场景词汇分类

托福常考场景词汇分类托福常考场景词汇分类托福常考场景词汇:考古类archeologist [,ɑ:kildist]考古学家excavation [eksk vei n]n.挖掘antiquity [ntkwt]古代,古老bury[beri]v.埋葬excavate / unearth v.挖掘Stone Age 石器时代ancient civilization [,svlze n]古代文明Paleolithic [,pllθk]旧石器时代的grave= tomb [greiv]= [tu:m]n.坟墓the Paleolithic period/age [] [pliuliθik] ruins [run]遗迹,废墟remains [rmenz]遗产/遗骸skull [skl]颅骨cranial [krenl]颅骨的cooking container [kuki] [kntein]n.容器canoe [k nu:] 独木舟obsidian [bsidin]n.黑曜石ancestor [nsst]祖先covert [kvt]n. 隐藏处cave man 山顶洞人shelter [ elt] n.庇护所nomad [numd]n.游牧民religion [rilidn]n.宗教clan [kln]氏族ritual [‘rit ul] n. (宗教)仪式tribe [trab]部落alliance [lains]=federation [fedrei n]n.联盟originate [ rdnet]起源于homogeneous [hm d ins hm-]同一种族(种类) inhabit [inhbit]vt.居住于Mesolithic [ms lθk]中石器时代的. Neolithic [ni lθk]新石器时代的cultural relics [rliks]文物artifact [ɑtfkt]手工艺品Bronze Age [brnz] (青)铜器时代utensil [ju:tensl]n.餐具,炊具Iron Age 铁器时代2016托福常考场景词汇:天气类Cloudy 多云Sunny 晴Overcast 阴moderate rain/snow 中雨 /雪heavy rain/snow 大雨/雪rainstorm暴雨thunderstorm雷雨Windy 有风Breeze 微风Gale 大风Typhoon 台风Hurricane 飓风fog雾frost霜冻sleet 雨夹雪typhoon台风sandstorm 沙尘暴AM Showers 上午阵雨AM Snow Showers 上午阵雪Few Showers 短暂阵雨Light Rain Shower and Windy 小阵雨带风Light Rain with Thunder 小雨有雷声Rain and Snow 雨夹雪Scattered Showers 零星阵雨Showers in the Vicinity 周围有阵雨Feels like **℃ 体感温度Visibility 能见度Humidity 湿度Air Pollution Diffusion Index 空气污染指数UV Index 紫外线指数SPF Index 防晒系数2016托福常考场景词汇:旅游类book the ticket 订票passport 护照visa 签证driving license/licence 驾照expire v.驾照、护照等过期platform 站台travel agency 旅行社flight number 航班号take off 起飞land 降落check in 办理登机手续motel 汽车旅馆hostel 青年旅社credit card 信用卡museum 博物馆souvenir 纪念品art gallery 画廊hiking 徒步旅行hitch-hike 搭便车旅行surfing 冲浪skiing 滑雪。
托福的词汇表整理

托福的词汇表整理托福考试是一个重视词汇量的英语考试,因此扩大词汇量对于预备托福考试格外重要。
下面是一个大约包含1500个常用托福词汇的整理:A1. abandon-放弃2. ability-力量3. abolish-废除4. absorb-吸取5. abstract-抽象的6. absurd-荒谬的7. abundant-丰富的8. abuse-滥用9. accelerate-加速10. accessible-可接近的B11. bias-偏见12. bless-祝愿13. blend-混合14. boast-夸耀15. boundary-边界16. breed-繁殖17. brief-简短的18. brilliant-杰出的19. budget-预算20. bully-欺侮第1页/共11页C21. calculate-计算22. capable-能干的23. capture-捕获24. cautious-当心的25. celebrate-庆祝26. challenge-挑战27. charity-慈善28. clarify-澄清29. client-客户30. climate-气候D31. decade-十年32. decay-腐败33. decline-衰退34. decorate-装饰35. dedicate-奉献36. defend-保卫37. define-定义38. democracy-民主39. demonstrate-证明40. dense-密集的E41. eager-渴望的42. efficient-高效的43. eliminate-消退44. embrace-拥抱45. emerge-消灭46. emphasize-强调47. enable-使能够48. encounter-患病49. enhance-增加50. enormous-巨大的F51. facilitate-促进52. faithful-忠诚的53. former-前者的54. foundation-基础55. fraud-欺诈56. frustrate-使懊丧57. fundamental-基本的58. furthermore-此外59. furious-生气的60. fusion-融合G61. gender-性别62. generate-生成63. global-全球的64. gradual-渐渐的65. grant-授予66. greed-贪欲67. grief-哀痛68. guarantee-保证69. guide-指导第3页/共11页70. guilty-有罪的H71. habitat-栖息地72. harmony-和谐73. hazardous-危急的74. hence-因此75. hesitate-迟疑76. host-主持77. humble-虚心的78. hurricane-飓风79. hypothesis-假设80. identical-相同的I81. illustrate-说明82. immense-巨大的83. impact-影响84. implement-实施85. imply-示意86. inevitable-不行避开的87. infect-感染88. inferior-低劣的89. influence-影响90. innovative-创新的J91. jealous-嫉妒的92. justify-证明93. keen-热衷的94. launch-放射95. liberty-自由96. logic-规律97. loyal-忠诚的98. luxury-铺张品99. maximize-最大化100. motivate-激励K101. keen-热衷的102. pace-速度103. mirror-反映104. mutual-相互的105. objective-客观的106. patience-急躁107. persistent-长久的108. potential-潜力109. process-过程110. prompt-快速的L111. labor-劳动112. landscape-风景113. launch-放射114. leisure-休闲115. liberate-解放116. logic-规律117. luxury-铺张品118. maintain-维持第5页/共11页119. majority-大多数120. massive-大规模的M121. magnify-放大122. manipulate-操纵123. maximize-最大化124. medieval-中世纪的125. mercy-慈善126. mislead-误导127. modify-修改128. moral-道德的129. mystery-奇特130. negotiate-协商N131. neglect-忽视132. network-网络133. neutral-中立的134. nevertheless-然而135. noble-高尚的136. nourish-滋养137. numerous-很多的138. nurture-培育139. obstacle-障碍140. option-选择O141. objective-客观的142. obtain-获得143. obstacle-障碍144. omit-省略145. opinion-观点146. organize-组织147. overwhelming-压倒性的148. obvious-明显的149. modify-修改150. obligation-责任P151. perceive-感知152. persist-坚持153. perspective-观点154. precise-精确的155. prevail-流行156. principle-原则157. proclaim-宣布158. profound-深刻的159. progress-进步160. promote-促进Q161. qualify-使具备资格162. quality-质量163. quantity-数量164. quest-追求165. quote-引用166. urban-城市的167. reassuring-使人放心的第7页/共11页168. reflect-反映169. regime-政权170. render-使成为R171. random-随机的172. rational-理性的173. recent-最近的174. recover-康复175. remarkable-卓越的176. reliable-牢靠的177. renewable-可再生的178. represent-代表179. restore-恢复180. reveal-揭露S181. sacred-神圣的182. scale-规模183. scarce-稀缺的184. scheme-方案185. significance-重要性186. skeptical-怀疑的187. sophisticated-简单的188. strategy-策略189. substantial-大量的190. successor-继任者T191. technique-技术192. temporary-临时的193. terror-恐怖194. transform-转变195. transparent-透亮的196. tremendous-巨大的197. ultimately-最终地198. unique-独特的199. universe-宇宙200. utilize-利用U201. unanimous-全都的202. undergo-经受203. undermine-减弱204. uphold-支持205. uprising-起义206. urgent-紧急的207. utilize-利用208. utmost-极度的209. utter-说出210. undermine-减弱V211. vacant-空缺的212. valid-有效的213. vanish-消逝214. venture-冒险215. verify-核实216. versatile-多才多艺的第9页/共11页217. virtue-美德218. vision-视力219. vital-至关重要的220. vow-宣誓W221. welfare-福利222. whereas-然而223. wicked-邪恶的224. withdraw-撤退225. widespread-广泛的226. witness-目击者227. withstand-经受住228. worship-崇拜229. worthy-值得的230. yield-产生X231. xenophobia-仇外心理232. xenophilic-爱外国事物的233. xenology-外星学234. xenial-外国人的235. xenobiotics-外源性物质236. xenoloneliness-外地人的孤独237. xenolinguistics-外语学238. xenophilia-对外国人的宠爱239. xenodochial-好客的240. xenolith-岩石中的异质体Y千里之行,始于足下。
(完整版)托福听力分类词汇完整版

新托福IBT听力场景入学:enrollment 登记, 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼, 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼convocation n.正式会议(可指简单的毕业典礼)orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman (大学)一年级学生sophomore (大学)二年级学生junior (大学)三年级学生senior (大学)四年级学生tuition, fee 费用placement test 开学测试excellent 出色的average 平均的,一般的below average 低于平均水平的,差的结构及称谓:university- president 大学,校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院school 学院dean 院长principal 中学校长professor 教授associate professor 副教授assistant professor 助理教授coordinator 班主任,协调人counselor 辅导员advisor 指导老师instructor 讲师tutor 个人辅导supervisor 管理人undergraduate 本科graduate 研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅cafeteria.自助餐厅administration building 行政大楼main building主楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hall assembly n.集合,集会hallcomputer lab 计算实验室,机房dining hall 食堂选课学科major 主修minor 副修science理科, arts文科, engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogies 教育学,教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学类型required、compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop 专题课程级别Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite 先修课程上课:Attend class 上课Miss class 缺课Skip class逃课Syllabus 教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与杂semester/term 学期quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要major 主修minor 副修exemption 免修syllabus 教学大纲Professor’s signature 教授的签字(用于注册课程)Course cap课程容量(可以招收的学生数),openings (可供注册的名额)Take选(课), drop 退(课)Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者,顾问president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家作业:assignment 作业homework = coursework = schoolwork = studies 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告project 作业presentation 发言term paper 学期论文(research paper)thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期刊social investigation 社会调查survey 调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷observation n.观察interview vt.n.采访collect data 收集数据broad (论文等)内容宽泛narrow down (论文等)缩小范围source (写论文的)参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time期限outline n.大纲, 提纲(roadmap) bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n. 抄袭revise v. 修改rewrite v. 重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲,陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调考试:mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam(拿回家的开卷考试,一般有限定的时间)open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n估价appraisal n.评价, 估价make up for补考,resit, retake重考grade (mark 、score)分数成绩:perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和BB plus B加A minus A减pass the iexam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭,学位,证书考试问题:分析成绩低的原因,给出解决办法图书馆:library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography 参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书(只能在图书馆内借阅)library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal 在线期刊video tape 录像带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理(借、还)手续renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台shelf n.书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处students locker 学生存储间reference section 参考书部科研过程HypothesisAlternative hypothesis择一假说Null hypothesis无效假说, 零假说Collect dataSurvey, questionnaireExperimentInterfere, influenceObservationAnalyze dataInterpret dataAnalysisAnalyticalSubjectSampleTreatment groupNon-treatmentControl group校内工作,课外活动及寻找经济援助:Letter of reference/recommendation CompetitiveBenefit future careerField researchCollect data for papersWaiter, waitress,BabysitterWork at the libraryQualification资格, qualified 合格的Resume, CVfinancial aid经济援助Scholarship FellowshipTeaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Grant 助学金Loan 贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based 以优秀为基础Student union 学生会Clubs 俱乐部Membership 成员资格Career service住宿:宿舍:accommodation n.住处, 膳宿residence hall宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室,独立套间village 村落(校内一栋一栋的房子,可以用做宿舍)lounge n.公共大厅(可以用做娱乐)home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者,室友corridor n. 走廊,过道,租房lease n.租借, 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant 房客patio n.阳台,sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartmenthouse key 房锁匙床上用品:pillow n.枕头bed linen n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫blanket n.毯子towel n.手巾, 毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electric appliance(instrument; equipment) 电器heater, furnace 加热器,炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机(laundry 洗衣店)utensil 器皿;用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱;烤炉range 煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修,保养家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子;橱;箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱;储藏柜;陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture (房屋)固定装置furnishings 室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belongings个人财产get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongsgarbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Slide n. 滑坡Landslide n.山体滑坡Mud泥土, soil土壤Earth n. 土Sink v.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n. 灌溉Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻Melt v.融化moltenGravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v.倾斜Slope n.斜坡Steep adj.陡峭Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dinosaur n.恐龙Sediment, deposit 沉淀物Marble 大理石granite 花岗岩Ore 矿石Stalactite 钟乳石Refine v. 提炼Platinum v. 铂金Seismology 地震学Vibration, tremor, 震动Wave 波动V olcano, volcanic 火山,火山的V olcanic eruption 火山喷发Magnitude 级数Collision n.碰撞Active adj.积极的Dormant adj.休眠的Extinct adj. 熄灭的Magma n.岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erupt v.喷发explode v.爆炸(explosion)boom n.爆炸Blast n.爆炸Avalanche n.雪崩地球科学Earth’s interior 地球的内部Seismic waves地震波Compression 压缩Shear(a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a direction parallel to themselves)Slow down减慢速度Reflect 反射Depth深度Density 密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continental plate 大陆板块Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块Continental drift 大陆漂移Layer, strata 层Stratify 分层Crack 裂缝Molten lava 融化的岩浆Climatic shift=Climatic changes气候变化Consistent pattern 统一的,始终一致的Solar energy太阳能Radiate 发射,放射Crude approximation 大概的猜测Speculation猜测Cooling down冷却Mechanism 机制Length of the dayPhysical force 体力Imaginary line虚拟线Artificial reservoir 人工水库LatitudeRedistribute再分配,再分布Spin 快速旋转Minerals 矿物质Diverse 多样的Specimen,Sample样品Abundant 丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazon stones天河石Firing vapor 炙热的水蒸汽Wipe out 根除,彻底消灭Mt Everest 珠穆朗玛峰Elevation 海拔,海拔增高Precise measurement精确的测量Global Positioning System全球定位系统Longitude 经度Latitude 维度Alternative sources of energy 可替代资源Gas hydrate气体水合物Trap 困住Flame 火焰Potential 潜在的Model 模式Geological fault地质断层Crack 裂缝seismic gap地震活动空白地带postulate 假设chunk 大块cylinder 圆柱cylindrical 圆柱形的ground tilt measurement地倾斜观测evacuate 撤出sedimentary adj. 沉淀性的accumulate 积累商业Insurance 保险Note 注意Contract合约Verbal agreement口头协议Repay 偿还Interest 利息Merchant 商人Cautious 谨慎的Paramount 极为重要的Manufacture 制造Label 标签Contention 所持观点Inform 告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的,gross粗略的Supply and demand供求Supply chain供应链Fluctuation 浮动Recession 衰退Depression 萧条Marketing strategies市场营销策略Survey 调查Surplus 剩余Shipment 运输Distribution 分布Retail 零售Whole sale 批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates, Plato and AristotleTheme 主题Logic 逻辑Rhetoric 修辞Fundamental causes 基本原因Principles of the universe 宇宙的原则Perceive 看待,观察Perception 观点Sense 感觉Soul 灵魂spiritElement 组成成分Reasoning 推理Ration理性, rational有理性的Contemplation 沉思,思考Judgment判断Just公正的,justice公正Justify证明, justification 合理的理由Explicit 明确的Ethics道德规范Ethical theory 伦理理论Moral 有道德的Ultimate truth终极真理Universal 普遍的Search for truth 追求真理Vary v.不相同Intrinsic 内部的Extrinsic 外部的Critic 评论家Old-fashioned 过时的Valuable 有价值的Survive 生存,存活Conservative 保守的Liberal 开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive 认知的Weaken 削弱Diminish (影响力)减小Medieval 中世纪Renaissance 文艺复兴Doctrine教义,主义,学说Idealism 唯心论,理想主义Epistemology n. 认识论Metaphysics形而上学,玄学Reconcile和解,调停天文学astronomyconstellation星座zodiac (星象学的星座)planet 行星sun 恒星Jupiter 木星Pluto 冥王星Saturn 土星Mercury 水星Mars 火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres 谷物星(the largest asteroid and the first discovered)White dwarf 白矮星Big Dipper 北斗七星Asteroid belt 小行星带Milky Way 银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v. 转Axis n.轴track n. 轨道outer space外太空gravity n.重力equator n.赤道tropical 热带的brightness n.亮度dimension n.维度distance n. 距离Eclipse (日月食)Wane, diminish v. 逐渐变小Centripetal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula 星云(an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space)Nebulous adj. 星云的Gas 气体(rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen) Particle 微粒Polar light 极光Astronomical 天文的Astrophysics 天文物理学Big Dipper 北斗七星Black hole 黑洞Celestial天体的Celestial map 天体图Centrifugal force 离心力Chondrite 球粒状陨石Chromosphere太阳的色球层Clockwise 顺时针Cluster 星团,一群星星Comet 彗星Cosmos宇宙,cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙学Emission 排放物,发射Faint 微弱的Feeble 微弱的Gaseous bodies 气态包Gravitational force 吸引力Greenwich mean time 格林尼治时间High resolution 高清晰度Ignite 引燃Illusive object 幻影物体Image 影响,形象Infinite 无限的Infrared ray 红外射线Interferometer 干扰仪Intergalactic 星系间的International date line 国际日期变更线Interplanetary 星球间的Interstellar星际的Leap year 闰年Light year光年Luminosity光亮度Lunar阴历的,月亮的Massive 巨大的Meteor流星Meteor shower 流星雨Meteorite陨石Meteoroid流星体Molten 融化的Naked eye 裸眼Observatory 天文台Photosphere 光球层Planetarium 天文馆Planetoid 小行星Polestar 北极星Pseudoscience 伪科学Quasar类星体Radiation 辐射Revolution 旋转Rotation 旋转Satellite 卫星Sky atlas天体图Solar corona日冕Space debris 太空垃圾Space shuttle 太空飞船Space suit 太空服Spin 快速旋转Star cluster 星群,星团Stellar 星星的Sunspot 太阳黑子Time difference 时差Time zone 时区表演艺术(舞蹈,电影,音乐etc.)Genre 艺术分类Performing art 表演艺术modern dance piece现代舞concert 音乐会play剧opera歌剧film 电影camera 摄影camera shotanalytical 分析的parallel 平行的ballet芭蕾舞choreographer 舞蹈指导Fine/visual arts 视觉艺术Abstract art抽象艺术landscape风景photography摄影exposure 曝光develop film 冲洗胶卷negative n. 底片portrait(portray v. )肖像, 人像、still life静物sculpture雕塑statue 人物雕像lifelike 逼真的vividanthem国歌Critic 评论家Criticism 批评,评论Review n.评论Masterpiece 杰作Have aesthetic value 有美学价值Aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Distinct adj.与众不同的Unique 独一无二的Style 风格Technique 技巧Gallery n.画馆Edition n.专辑Release v. 发行Debut n.首映Impressionist 印象主义者Impressionism 印象派Perspective 透视法Angle 角度Press/Publishing house出版社Acclaim v. 盛赞mirage海市蜃楼prolific多产Preserve v. 保存Extinct adj.灭绝的,消失的文学Literature 文学Poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography 自传detective stories 侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist 小说家collection of short stories短篇小说集Allegory寓言Comparative literature比较文学Diary 日记Editorial 社论,重要评论Fiction 小说Aestheticism 唯美Autobiography 自传Descriptive prose 描述散文Fairy tale 童话Futurism 未来派Legend 传说Literary studies 文学研究Narrative prose 叙述性散文Podium 讲台Prose 散文Realism 现实主义School of literature 文学派别Leading character 主要角色Literary criticism 文学评论Literary studies 文学学习Modernism 现代主义Plot 情节Poetry 诗歌Prologue前言Proverb谚语Surrealism 超现实主义美术Art gallery艺廊Calligraphy书法Imitating模仿Landscape painting风景画Oil painting油画Paste粘贴Crayon 蜡笔,粉笔,颜料Pigmentation 颜料Canvas 帆布Wax 蜡Spectrum 光谱Perspective透视画法Poster海报Portrait肖像Model模式,模特mural壁画Panorama全景Pastel drawing蜡笔画Sketch草图Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑学Architect建筑师Architectural style建筑风格Art deco 装饰艺术Art moderneGeometric patterns 几何图形Arch 拱门Castle 城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing结构Lobby n. 大厅(entrance hall) Elevator n. 电梯Façade n. 正面Stairs 楼梯Interior 内部的Exterior 外部的Impressionistic style印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival 复活Renaissance 文艺复兴Medieval中世纪Byzantine architecture 527 (Sofia)-1520音乐Accompaniment 伴奏Audition 试听,试表演Band music 乐队音乐Chord弦乐,弦Classical music古典音乐Concerto 协奏曲Lullaby 催眠曲Duet 二重奏Harmony 和弦,和谐Rock and roll 摇滚Serenade 小夜曲Solo 独奏Sonata 奏鸣曲Symphony 交响乐Ballad歌谣Folk music 民间音乐Prelude 前奏Epilogue 尾声Score 乐谱Note 音符Notation 乐谱,记号法Chord symbol和弦符号Lyrics 歌词Tempo 节奏Melody 主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune 旋律Conduct 指挥Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn['krʌmhɔ:n]n. 变号(一种古双簧乐器)Harp 竖琴考古anthropologist 人类学家ecological 生态的anthropologist 生态人类学家archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学Ancient civilization 古代文明origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人(科)homogeneous 同一种族(种类)的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘Scoop铲子ruins 遗迹,废墟remains 遗迹,遗骸artifact 手工艺品pottery 陶器(potter)Porcelain瓷器fossil 化石relic 遗物,文物Rock painting 岩石画antique 古物,古董antiquity 古代,古老skull 颅骨Cranial颅骨的Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age (青)铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的Exhume 挖掘PaleoanthropologyPrehistoric史前的Primitive原始的动物微生物Amino acid 氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biological agencyCalcium钙Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒Enzymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Fermentation 发酵Fungus 菌类Gene基因Genetic engineering 基因工程学Glucose 葡萄糖Immunology免疫学Incubation 孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe 微生物Nucleus 细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Parasitic animal 寄生动物Parasite disease 寄生虫病Parasitology 寄生虫学Pathogen 病菌,病原体Protozoa 原生动物Sanitation 卫生Schistosomiaisis 血吸虫病Starch 淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vaccine 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast 酵母动物living organism 生物bacterium(pl.bacteria)细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent 啮齿类动物primate 灵长类动物ape 猿chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩gorilla 大猩猩monkey n. 猴子mammal 哺乳类动物dinosaur n.恐龙bat (ecolotion) 蝙蝠(声波定位)snowshoe hare 雪兔子raccoon 浣熊polar bear 北极熊snout (动物的)口鼻部;reptile 爬行类动物snake, cobra眼镜蛇, rattle snake 响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴,snail 蜗牛amphibian adj. 两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n. 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪toad 蟾蜍pond 池塘puddle 水坑insect n.昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly 苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grasshopper 蚱蜢honey beemonarch butterfly 大花蝶large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweed egg 卵larvae 幼虫caterpillar 毛虫pupa/ chrysalis 茧termite n. 白蚁marine adj. 海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark 鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅predator n. 捕食者prey n. 被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrimp 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab 螃蟹bird, humming birdartery 动脉scale 鳞片claw爪, paw爪子horn 角hormone 荷尔蒙intestine 肠hive 蜂巢pollen n. 花粉pollinate v.授粉hibernate 冬眠migrate v. 迁徙communicate v. 交流camouflage 保护色evolve 进化evolution n. 进化endotherm n.温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n. 冷血动物beak 鸟嘴enzymes 酵母secretion(n.) secrete(v.) 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味(还有aroma fragrance scent smell)gland 腺体chromosome 染色体植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类laurel 月桂chestnut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algae(pl. alga) 海藻organism 有机物birch tree (bark) 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸protein 蛋白质nitrogen 氮photosynthetic(adj.) photosynthesis(n.) 光合作用lichen 地衣,苔藓squash 南瓜one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and hard skins, such as PUMPKIN sbean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous 食草的classification 分类hierarchy 级别hazardous 有毒害的Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层Convection 对流Stratosphere 同温层Barometer 气压计current (气)流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿;水分saturate 饱和absorb 吸收dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation (雨、露、雪等)降水Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze 微风Blast 大风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风Cyclone 旋风,飓风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风Monsoon 季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风Tropical depression热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel 漏斗,漏斗云cumulonimbus 积雨云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v. 淹没drought 干旱Avalanche雪崩Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的,严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepid adj.微温的环保environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护,保存污染:pollute, pollution, pollutant contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill), recycle, reduce, reuse,dump回收:glass, paper, water,milk carton牛奶盒, tyre,aluminium cans铝罐,plastic bags, rubbish bags biodegradable packaging可降解包装, throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料none-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料:natural gas, coal, petroleumlimited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源,replace=substitute v.取代wind power, hydropower水电,solar (lunar) power太阳能,nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光,耗尽conserve v. 节省,节约,污染: water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution土壤污染,noise pollutionsoil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染,污点,玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical 有毒的化学物品fume n.烟,气味light pollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂chemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满危害动物:poaching非法打猎,盗猎,damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地,rare breed稀有物种,endangered species濒危物种,extinct adj.灭绝(die out, disappear), animal rights activist动物权益保护者, natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区,protect wild life保护野生动物, preserve v.保护disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏, have disastrous effect on…对。
TOEFL托福词汇大全

TOEFL托福词汇大全抽象(adj) abstract - concrete 具体内容acquire(v) gain 获得adequate(adj) sufficient 充足的affectionate(adj) loving 深情的allocate(v) distribute 分配alternative(adj) substitute 替代的analyze(v) examine 分析apparent(adj) obvious 显然的appreciate(v) understand 理解artificial(adj) man-made 人工制造的ascend(v) climb 上升assemble(v) gather 集合assert(v) claim 断言assess(v) evaluate 评估associate(v) connect 关联,交往assume(v) suppose 假定astonish(v) surprise 使惊讶attain(v) achieve 达到attribute(v) ascribe 归因于authority(n) power 权威automate(v) mechanize 自动化back up(v) support 支持bare(adj) naked 裸露的barren(adj) empty 贫瘠的beneficial(adj) advantageous 有益的beverage(n) drink 饮料bind(v) tie 捆绑blend(v) mix 混合boast(v) brag 自吹自擂bold(adj) courageous 勇敢的boost(v) increase 提高boundary(n) limit 边界breach(v) violate 违反brief(adj) short 简短的brisk(adj) swift 敏捷的broad(adj) wide 宽广的burden(n) load 负担capture(v) catch 捕捉careless(adj) negligent 粗心的check(v) examine 检查cite(v) quote 引用civil(adj) polite 有礼貌的clarity(n) transparency 透明度classic(adj) ancient 古典的coincide(v) agree 一致collapse(v) fall 倒塌colossal(adj) huge 巨大的conceal(v) hide 隐瞒concentric(adj) central 同心的confer(v) discuss 商讨confine(v) restrict 限制confront(v) face 面临confusion(n) chaos 混乱congested(adj) crowded 拥挤的congregate(v) gather 聚集consent(v) agree 同意conserve(v) preserve 保护considerable(adj) significant 相当大的conspicuous(adj) noticeable 明显的construct(v) build 建造consume(v) eat 消耗contaminate(v) pollute 污染contemplate(v) consider 考虑context(n) environment 上下文contradict(v) oppose 反驳conventional(adj) traditional 传统的cope(v) deal 应付corrugated(adj) wrinkled 皱纹的counterpart(n) equivalent 对等的courageous(adj) brave 有勇气的crack(v) break 破裂creative(adj) imaginative 创造性的。
托福综合写作必备词汇

[rəʊm]
罗马
87. clay
[kleɪ]
n. 粘土;泥土
42. Roman Empire
罗马帝国
88. jar
[dʒɑːr]
n. 罐;广口瓶
43. navy
[ˈneɪvi]
n. 海军
89. ritual
[ˈrɪtʃuəl]
n. 仪式;惯例
44 resemble
[rɪˈzembl] v. 类似,像
26. circulation [ˌsɜːrkjəˈleɪʃn] n. 传播,流传 72. parabola [pəˈræ bələ] n. 抛物线
27. documentation
[ˌdɑːkjumenˈteɪʃn] n.证明文件,文件记载
73. flame
fleɪm]
n. 火焰;热情
28. memoir
[niːʃ,nɪtʃ]
n. 壁龛,环境
[ɪ'læ bərət] adj.精心制作的 v.详细描述 150 airborne
[ˈerbɔːrn]
adj. 空运的,空气传播的
[ˈskʌlptʃər] n. /v.雕塑;雕刻 151 lineage
[ˈlɪniɪdʒ]
n. 血统
[bʌst]
n.半身像
152 infect
143 arthropod [ˈɑːrθrəpɑːd] adj./n.节肢动物(的)
[skrɪpt]
n. 脚本;手迹 144 reptile
[ˈreptaɪl]
adj./n. 爬行动物(的)
[tɑːr] [pɪt]
沥青坑
145 amphibian [æmˈfɪbiən] adj./n.两栖动物(的)
托福词汇(最新完整版)

新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载 新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载part 1. 天文类1 astronomy 天文astronomy 天文学astronomical 天文的astronomical observatory 天文台 astronomer 天文学家astrophysics 天文物理学astrology 占星学pseudoscience 伪科学cosmos(universe) 宇宙cosmology 宇宙学infinite 无限的cosmic 宇宙的cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic rays 宇宙射线celestial 天的celestial body (heavenly body) 天体 celestial map (sky atlas) 天体图 celestial sphere 天球dwarf (dwarf star) 矮星quasar 类星体,类星射电源 constellation 星座galaxy (Milky Way) 新河系cluster 星团solar system 太阳系solar corona 日冕solar eclipse 日食solar radiation 太阳辐射planet 行星planetoid (asteroid) 小行星revolve 旋转,绕转twinkle 闪烁naked eye 肉眼Mercury 水星Venus 金星Earth 地球Mars 火星Jupiter 木星Saturn 土星Uranus 天王星Neptune 海王星Pluto 冥王星orbit 轨道spin 旋转satellite 卫星lunar 月球的meteor 流星meteor shower 流星雨meteoroid 流星体meteorite 陨石comet 彗星space (outer space) 太空,外层空间 spacecraft (spaceship) 宇宙飞船 spaceman ( astronaut) 宇航员,航天员 space suit 宇航服,航天服space shuttle 航天飞机space telescope 空间望远镜astronaut 宇航员star 恒星stellar 恒星的intergalactic 星系间的interstellar 恒星间的interplanetary 行星间的asteroid 小行星nebula 星云space debris 太空垃圾ammonia 氨corona 日冕chromosphere 色球photosphere 色球层convection zone 对流层vacuum 真空infrared ray 红外线chondrite 球粒absolute magnitude 绝对量级radiation 辐射emission 发射,散发high-resolution 高清晰度 interferometer 干扰仪新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载2 geography 地理geography 地理geographer 地理学家hemisphere 半球meridian 子午线,经线parallel 平行圈,纬线latitude 经度longitude 精度elevation 海拔altitude 高度temperate latitudes 温带地区horizon 地平线equator 赤道tropics 热带地区Arctic 北极Antarctic(Antarctica) 南极expedition 探险time zone 时区topography 地形,地形学plain 平原plateau (highland) 高地lowland 低地basin 盆地cavern (cave) 洞穴terrain 地域subterranean ( underground) 地底下 coastland 沿海地区island 岛屿continental island 大陆岛volcanic island 火山岛coral island 珊瑚岛islet 小岛peninsular 半岛continent 大陆continental shelf 大陆架ranges 山脉valley 峡谷canyon 峡谷channel (strait) 海峡remote-sensing 遥感的terrestrial 地球的,陆地的terrestrial heat (geothermal) 地热 terrestrial magnetism (geomagnetism) 地磁 continental drift 大陆漂移学说sea-floor spreading 海床扩展evaporation 蒸发salinity 含盐度ocean bottom 海床sediment 沉淀物,沉积物tropical 热带的temperate 温带的frigid 寒带的formation 形成frost heaving 冻胀现象fieldstone 卵石新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载3 geology 地质学geologist 地质学家crust 地壳mantle 地幔core 地核continental crust 大陆地壳oceanic crust 海洋地壳layer (stratum, 复数 strata) 地层 plate 板块fault 断层fault plane 断层面fault zone 断层带rift (crack; split) 断裂 disintegration (decomposition) 分解 erosion 腐蚀fossil 化石igneous rock 火成岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩 metamorphic rock 变质岩quartz 石英limestone 石灰岩marble 大理石granite 花岗岩lithogenous 岩成的lithosphere 岩石圈magma 岩浆mineral 矿物ore 矿石deposit 矿床platinum 白金,铂silver 银copper 黄铜aluminum 铝tin 锡lead 铅zinc 锌nickel 镍mercury 汞,水银sodium 钠gem 宝石diamond 钻石emerald 绿宝石ruby 红宝石glacier 冰川glacial 冰川的glacial epoch ( age, period) 冰川期glacial drift 冰渍iceberg 冰山volcano 火山active volcano 活火山extinct volcano 死火山dormant volcano 休眠火山eruption 火山喷发crater 火山口lava 火山岩浆volcanic 火山的volcanic dust 火山尘volcanic ash 火山灰earthquake ( quake; tremor; seism) 地震 seismic 地震的seismology 地震学magnitude 震级seismic wave 地震波cataclysm 灾变新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载4 anthropologist 人类学家 paleoanthropologist 古人类学家ecological anthropologist 生态人类学家 psychological anthropologist 心理人类学家 origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人(科)homogeneous 同一种族(种类)的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘ruins 遗迹,废墟remains 遗迹,遗骸artifact 手工艺品relic 遗物,文物antique 古物,古董antiquity 古代,古老Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age (青)铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学skull 颅骨cranial 颅骨的新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载5 ecology 生态学ecologist 生态学家ecosystem 生态系统balance (of nature) 自然界生态平衡 fauna 动物群flora 植物群rain forest 雨林food chain 食物链acid rain 酸雨greenhouse effect 温室效应infrared radiation 红外线辐射 ozone layer (ozonosphere) 臭氧层 ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射 pollution 污染pollution control 污染控制air pollution 空气污染water pollution 水污染noise pollution 噪音污染soil pollution 土壤污染pollution-free 无污染pollutant 污染物noxious (toxic) 有毒的fumes (有毒)废气waste 废物solid waste 固体垃圾sewage (wastewater) 污水sewage purification 污水净化 sewage disposal 污水处理decibel (噪音)分贝新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载6 meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层current (气)流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿;水分saturate 饱和dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation (雨、露、雪等)降水 breeze 微风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风funnel 漏斗,漏斗云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难 devastation 破坏submerge 淹没drought 旱灾新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载7 chemistry 化学chemical property 化学特性,化学性质 chemical composition ( makeup ) 化学成分 chemical agent 化学试剂chemical reaction 化学反应chemical change 化学变化chemical bond 化学键chemical apparatus 化学器械substance (matter; material) 物质 element 元素periodic table 周期表hydrogen 氢oxygen 氧nitrogen 氮helium 氦carbon 碳calcium 钙silicon 硅sulfur 硫iodine 碘compound 化合物hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物derivative 衍生物alchemy 炼金术petroleum (oil) 石油petroleum products 石油产品crude oil 原油refine 提炼,精炼gasoline 汽油methane 甲烷solution 溶液dissolve 溶解solvent 溶剂solubility 可溶性cohesive 聚合力adhesive 粘合力atom 原子nucleus 原子核electron 电子neutron 中子proton 质子molecule 分子particle 粒子ion 离子particle accelerator 粒子加速器 catalysis (复数 catalyses ) 催化作用 catalyst 催化剂artificial 人造的synthetic 合成的synthetic fiber 人造纤维polymer 聚合物polymerization 聚合作用plastic 塑料dye 染料cosmetics 化妆品新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载8 . physics 物理physics 物理mechanics 力学thermodynamics 热力学acoustics 声学electromagnetism 电磁学optics 光学dynamics 动力学force 力velocity 速度acceleration 加速度equilibrium 平衡statics 静力学motion 运动inertia 惯性gravitation 引力relativity 相对gravity 地心引力vibration 震动medium (media) 媒质frequency 频率wavelength 波长pitch 音高intensity 强度echo 回声resonance 回声,洪亮sonar 声纳ultrasonics 超声学electricity 电static electricity 静电magnetism 磁性,磁力magnet 磁体electromagnet 电磁magnetic field 磁场electric current 电流direct current (DC) 直流电 alternating current (AC) 交流电 electric circuit 电路electric charge 电荷electric voltage 电压electric shock 触电electric appliance 电器conductor 导体insulator 绝缘体semiconductor 半导体battery (cell) 电池dry battery 干电池storage battery 蓄电池electronics 电子学electronic 电子的electronic component (part) 电子零件 integrated circuit 集成电路chip 集成电器片,集成块electron tube 电子管vacuum tube 真空管transistor 晶体管amplification ( 名词 ) 放大 amplify (动词)放大amplifier 放大器,扬声器 oscillation 震荡optical 光(学)的optical fiber 光学纤维lens 透镜,镜片convex 凸透镜concave 凹透镜microscope 显微镜telescope 望远镜magnifier 放大镜spectrum 光谱ultraviolet 紫外线X rays X 射线Gamma rays γ 射线infrared rays 红外线microwaves 微波dispersion 色散transparent 透明translucent 半透明opaque 不透明的新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载9 mathematicsmathematics 数学mathematician 数学家arithmetic 算术calculation 计算calculator 计算器abacus 算盘numeral 数字sum 和total (sum total) 总和,总数 aggregate 总计fraction 分数,小数decimal 十进位,(十进)小数 digit 数字,数位percentage 百分比addition 加法plus 加上subtraction 减法minus 减去multiplication 乘法multiplication table 乘法表 multiply 乘以times 乘以power 乘方square 平方division 除法divide 除以algebra 代数quantity 表示量的数(或符号) equation 方程式,等式formula 公式root 根geometry 几何geometric 几何的dimension 维parallel adj. 平行的 n. 平行线 quadrilateral 四边形square 正方形area 面积rectangle 长方形,矩形polygon 多边形cube 立方形volume 体积sphere 球形circle 圆形ellipse (oval) 椭圆形cone 圆锥形circumference 圆周diameter 直径radius 半径triangle 三角形angle 角degree ( 角 ) 度calculus 微积分differential calculus 微分学 integral calculus 积分学function 函数probability 概率statistics 统计quantitative 量的,数量的 qualitative 质的,质量的 deduction (inference) 推论,演绎 induction 归纳新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载agriculture (farming) 农业 agricultural 农业的land (soil) 土壤;土地soil conservation 土壤保护soil erosion 泥土流失silt 粉砂,泥沙clay 黏土,湿土clod 土块agrarian 土地的,农业的pilot (experimental ) 试验性的 harrow( rake) 耙,耙土ridge 田埂furrow 犁沟plot ( patch )小块地ranch 农场,牧场plantation 种植园orchard 果园nursery 苗圃seedbed 苗床sickle 镰刀spade 铲,锹shovel ( 平头 ) 铲pick 稿tractor 拖拉机cultivate (till) 耕作sow(seed) 播种harvest 收割weed 除草irrigate 灌溉manure(fertilizer) 肥料spray 喷洒(农药)insecticide(pesticide) 杀虫剂 pest 害虫rust 锈病grain (cereal) 谷物,谷粒 granary(grain store) 粮仓mill 碾,磨wheat 小麦corn 玉米rice 大米barley 大麦sorghum 高粱oats 燕麦rye 黑麦millet 粟,小米vegetable 蔬菜hydroponics 水栽法,营养液栽培法 greenhouse(glasshouse, hotbed) 温室 cabbage 洋白菜lettuce 生菜mustard 芥菜spinach 菠菜broccoli 花椰菜cucumber 黄瓜eggplant 茄子pepper 辣椒pumpkin 南瓜tomato 西红柿beet 甜菜carrot 胡萝卜radish 小红萝卜pea 豌豆soybean 大豆celery 芹菜garlic 大蒜leek 韭菜onion 洋葱头potato 土豆peanut 花生sesame 芝麻cotton 棉花husbandry (animal husbandry) 畜牧业 pasture 牧场livestock 家畜fowl (poultry) 家禽cattle 牛,家畜buffalo 野牛dairy (dairy cattle) 奶牛dairy farm 乳牛场hay (作饲料用)干草haystack 干草堆fodder (feed) 饲料trough 饲料槽barn(shed) 牲口槽stable 厩,马厩cowshed 牛棚pigpen (hog pen, pigsty) 猪圈 sheepfold (sheep pen) 羊栏roost (hen house) 鸡舍fish farm 养鱼场aquaculture 水产养殖11 animal 动物Darvinism 达尔文学说natural selection 自然选择class 纲order 目family 科genus 属suborder 亚目species 种invertebrate 无脊椎动物vertebrate 脊椎动物aquatic( life) 水生动物reptile 爬行动物amphibian (amphibious animal) 两栖动物 dinosaur 恐龙bird 鸟类extinction 灭绝mammal 哺乳动物primates 灵长目动物insect 昆虫antenna ( 复数 antennae) 触须larva 幼虫,幼体camouflage 伪装pest 害虫worm 虫,蠕虫hibernate 冬眠lizard 蜥蜴chameleon 变色蜥蜴regeneration 再生turtle 龟beast 野兽domesticate 驯养predatory (carnivorous ) 食肉的 predator 捕食者prey (动词)捕食(名词)被捕食的动物 scavenger 食腐动物migrate 迁移wing 翅膀,翼bill (鸟)嘴beak (鹰等的)嘴nest 筑巢dolphin 海豚whale 鲸鱼bat 蝙蝠gorilla 大猩猩chimpanzee 黑猩猩rodent 啮齿动物(如松鼠)primate 灵长动物plankton 浮游生物mollusk 软体动物coelenterate 腔肠动物(如珊瑚) shrimp 小虾prawn 对虾lobster 对虾crab 螃蟹clam 蛤蜊sponge 海绵coral 珊瑚starfish 海星canary 金丝雀chirp ( 鸟,虫的叫声 ) 唧唧 squeak (老鼠等)吱吱porpoise 海豚sloth 树懒slothful 懒惰的hygiene 卫生sanitation 卫生parasite 寄生虫moth 蛾caterpillar 毛虫hordes ( 昆虫等 ) 群swarms ( 昆虫等 ) 群flock (鸟,羊等)群community 动物的群落或人的部落 herd 兽群bunch (花等)束,捧beaver 海狸monogamous 一夫一妻的,一雄一雌的 polygamous 一夫多妻的,一雄多雌的 polyandrous 一妻多夫的,一雌多雄的 trapper 诱捕动物者rhinoceros 犀牛niche 小生态环境vestige 退化器官,遗迹oyster 牡蛎fertilizer 使 … 受精larvae 幼虫tentacle 触角homotherm 恒温动物poikilotherm 变温动物metabolism 新陈代谢baboon 狒狒multiply ( reproduce )繁殖 hatch 孵spawn ( 鱼、虾、蛙等 ) 孵 offspring (young) 解剖学 anatomy 解剖学appetite 食欲creature 生物microbe 微生物herbivorous 食草的carnivorous 食肉的omnivorous 杂事的新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载12 plant 植物botany 植物学botanist 植物学家botanical (botanic) 植物的plant 植物aquatic plant 水生植物parasite plant 寄生植物root 根canopy 树冠层,顶棚foliage (leaf) 叶leaflet 小叶rosette ( 叶的 ) 丛生stem 茎stalk 杆leafstalk 叶柄shoot (sprout ) 嫩芽,抽枝 flower 花bud 花蕾petal 花瓣peel(skin) 果皮shell ( 硬 ) 果壳husk (干)果壳;(玉米)苞叶 trunk 树干branch 树枝bough 大或者粗的树枝twig 小树枝bark 树皮jungle 丛林lawn 草坪meadow 草地,牧场prairie 大草原shrub (bush) 灌木cluster 一簇(灌木)herb 草photosynthesis 光合作用symbiosis 共生wither (shrivel, fade) 凋谢pollen 花粉pollinate 传授花粉pollination 授粉cell 细胞tissue 组织organ 器官system 系统seeds 种子everlasting 永久的orchid 兰花pollinate 授粉crossbreed 杂交shrub 灌木sequoia 红杉root pressure 根压cohesion-tension 凝聚压力bore 腔,肠column 花柱symbiotic 共生的immunity 免疫organism 生物,有机物necrosis 坏死barren 贫瘠futile 无用的carbohydrate (starch) 碳水化合物(淀粉),糖类 glucose 葡萄糖starch 淀粉fat 脂肪protein 蛋白质vitamin 维他命calorie 卡路里(热量单位)malnourished 营养不良的nutrition 营养新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载13 politics 政治constitution 宪法legislation 立法Democrats 民主党Republicans 共和党Amendment 修正案Congress 美国国会House of Representatives 众议院 monarchy 君主制anarchism 无政府主义federal system 联邦制presidential system 总统制municipal 市的,市政的metropolitan 大都市的centralized 中央集权的ideology 意识形态maneuver 擦略tariff 关税immigrant 移民institutionalize 机构化election 选举vote 投票officeholding 任职veto 否决American Revolution 美国革命 / 独立战争 Independence War 美国独立战争American Civil War 美国内战radical 激进的 , 根本的overturning 颠覆性的independent 独立的breathtaking 激动人心的military 军事的colonize 拓殖,殖民per capita 人均treason 叛国conspiracy 阴谋imprisonment 监禁release 释放pardon 特赦accusation 谴责,指控welfare 福利patronage 资助,赞助unionization 联合,结合新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载14 education 教育educator 教育家higher education 高等教育moral character 道德品质domain 领域faculty 全体教员alumni 校友treasurer 生活委员,财务大臣curriculum 课程(总称)discipline 学科,管理learn by rote 死记硬背15 music 音乐musical instrument 乐器orchestra 乐队string 弦乐wind 管乐shook rattle 摇拨浪鼓pound drum 击鼓footbeat 点脚,跺脚percussion 震荡,打击乐器note 音符score 乐谱movement 乐章fanatical 狂热的hillbilly music 乡村音乐folk music 民间音乐pop music 流行音乐classical music 古典音乐Jazz 爵士乐16 psychology 心理mental 心理的physical 身体的,物质的,物理的spiritual 心灵的conformity 从众majority 多数人minority 少数人threshold judgment (心理学)初始性判断 subject 受实验对象17 people 人物artist 艺术家choreographer 舞蹈编排家critic 批评家satirist 讽刺作家inventor 发明家biographer 自传作家sculptor 雕塑家feminist 女权主义者humanitarian 人道主义者imagist 意象派诗人philanthropist 慈善家proprietor 业主mortal 犯人precursor 先驱figurehead 名誉领袖apprentice 学徒mechanic 机械工minimalist 简单抽象派艺术avant-garde 前卫派territory 领域genre 风格,体裁eccentric 古怪的odd 怪诞的,奇数的erratic 奇怪的weird 怪异的,不可思议的unique 独一无二的romantic 浪漫的innocent 天真的,无罪的lovelorn 相思病苦的emotional 情绪的,情感的sentimental 感伤的,多愁善感的cheerless 无精打采的,无生命力的patriarchal 家长的,族长的rigid 僵化的spare 简朴的clumsy 笨拙的nervous 紧张的zigzag 曲折的contemporary 当代的acclaimed 受欢迎的preeminent 杰出的outstanding 杰出的versatile ( 人 ) 多才多艺的,(物体)多功能的 household 家庭的,家喻户晓的genuine 真正的authentic 逼真的symbolic 象征性的immortal 不朽的,神nostalgia 怀旧主义,思乡emotive 感人的prodigious 巨大的classic 经典的posthumous 死后的。
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托福英语词汇分类汇总大全为了帮助在众多考生解决托福词汇的常见问题,今天小编就给大家分享一下英语单词,欢迎大家参考地质类词汇:地质v e i np i tb o r e h o l ep i tq u a r t zm a r b l eg e mf i e l d s t o n ee m e r a l dw e s k i tg r a n i t el e a dl i m e s t o n el a v ar u b yb o n a n z am i n e r a lo r ef o s s i lp e t r i f yg e o l o g ya l u m i n u mc o r ec r a t e rd i a m o n dg l a c i a lg l a c i e ri c e b e r gp l a t et r e m o re a r t h q u a k e s e i s ms e i s m i cs e i s m o l o g y m a g n i t u d ec a t a c l y s ms t r a t u mm a n t l en i t r o g e n o u s l i t h o s p h e r e l a y e rc r u s tf a u l tc r u s tf a u l tm a g m as q u i r te r u p to u t b u r s te r u p t i o nv o l c a n i c法律类词汇:法律p e n a li l l i c i ti l l e g i t i m a t e d e f a u l tv i o l a t ev i o l a t i o ni n f r i n g eb o u n dc o m p u l s o r yo b l i g eo b l i g a t o r yr e s p o n s i b l e d o m i n e e r i n g m a n d a t o r yl i c e n s e dh e i r s h i pj u r i s d i c t i o n a r b i t r a t i o n f i n ec o n f i s c a t ec o n v i c tj u d g m e n ti n d e m n i t yi m p r i s o n m e n t i n v a l i d a t ei m p r i s o n m e n t c a p t i v i t yt r i a ld e t a i ne x t e n u a t es a d d l ec o u r tb a ra u t h o r i z ee m p o w e rp l e ao a t hp l e d g ep l a i n t i f fp l e a df l e ed e f e n dp r o s c r i b ef o r b i da b s t i n e n c ea b s t a i nb a nv e t or e v i s ev e r i f yd e s e r v es t i p u l a t et e s t i f yt e s t i m o n yj u s t i f ys u b s t a n t i a t e c o n f i r ma f f i r ma s s u r ee v i d e n c eo b s e r v eo b s e r v a n c e a b i d ea c c u s ea c c u s a t i o n c o m p l a i n ti m p e a c hi n d i c t m e n t i n c r i m i n a t e p r o s e c u t ed e n o u n c el a w s u i tq u e r yi n t e r r o g a t e i m p u n i t ye x e m p tc o nd o n el i b e r a t er e m i ta b s o l v ea c q u i ta b o l i s ht e r mc l a u s eb i l lc o n s t i t u t i o nd e c r e el e g i s l a t el e g i s l a t i o nl e g a l i z ep r e s c r i b es e tc r ede n t i a ls t a n d a r de n a c t动物学类词汇:动物学g r e g a r i o u ss w a r mf l o c kh e r dm a m m a lc a r n i v o r ec a r n i v o r o u s a p p e t i t eh e r b i v o r o u s o m n i v o r o u sp r e d a t o rp r e d a t o r yp r e yp o i k i l o t h e r m r o d e n ts c a v e n g e rm i c r o b er e p t i l eh o m o t h e r mp r i m a t ep r i m a t e sm o l l u s kc o e l e n t e r a t e v e r t e b r a t ei n v e r t e b r a t e f i n c hb i r df o w lm o n s t e rh o r d e si n s e c tw o r mb e a s ta q u a t i ca m p h ib i a nm i g r a t eg r a z eg a s pp e c kt r o td o r m a n ts p a w np r e g n a n th a t c hb r e e dd o me s t i c a t ef e r t i l i z er e g e n e r a t i o n r e p r o d u c es q u e a kc h i r ph i b e r n a t ec a m o u f l a g ee x t i n c t i o nm o n o g a m o u sp o l y a n d r o u s n e s tn i c h ep e s th a b i t a tc h i m p a n z e e b a b o o ng o r i l l al i z a r dm o t hc a n a r yc a t e r p i l l a rd i n o s a u rc h a m e l e o nl a r v ab a tf a m i l yc l a s ss u b o r d e ro r d e rg e n u sa n t e n n at e n t a c l eb r a i ns p l e e nh i d es p i n es p i n e l e s s t o eb i l lb e a kf u z z yh e a dh u m ps c a l ew i n gf l u f f yc a r n a ln e r v o u sf a tg r e a s eg r e a s yt u r t l eb e a v e rj e l l y f i s h s t a r f i s h w h a l ep o r p o i s e d o l p h i np r a w ns h r i m pl o b s t e rs p o n g ep l a n k t o n o y s t e rc l a mc o r a lc r a b。