美国文学期末考试试卷
美国语文期末考试卷及答案
一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列哪个选项不属于美国作家？A. 威廉·福克纳B. 马克·吐温C. 雨果D. 哈珀·李2. 以下哪部作品是海明威的代表作？A. 《老人与海》B. 《飘》C. 《了不起的盖茨比》D. 《大卫·科波菲尔》3. 美国独立战争时期，哪位人物被誉为“国父”？A. 亚伯拉罕·林肯B. 乔治·华盛顿C. 本杰明·富兰克林D. 托马斯·杰斐逊4. 以下哪个选项是美国历史上最长的战争？A. 美国内战B. 美西战争C. 美墨战争D. 越南战争5. 以下哪个城市被称为“电影之城”？A. 洛杉矶B. 纽约C. 旧金山D. 好莱坞6. 美国宪法规定，总统任期最长为多少年？A. 4年B. 6年C. 8年D. 10年7. 以下哪个节日是美国的传统节日？A. 感恩节B. 圣诞节C. 情人节D. 万圣节8. 美国的国歌是什么？A. 《星条旗》B. 《美丽的亚美利加》C. 《星光灿烂的夜》D. 《我的祖国》9. 美国的主要宗教信仰是什么？A. 基督教B. 伊斯兰教C. 印度教D. 犹太教10. 以下哪个城市是美国人口最多的城市？A. 纽约B. 洛杉矶C. 休斯顿D. 芝加哥二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 美国的首都是______。
2. 美国的货币单位是______。
3. 美国的国庆日是______。
4. 美国的总统选举每______年举行一次。
5. 美国的最高法院是______。
6. 美国的国旗上有______颗星和______条条纹。
7. 美国的国旗颜色是______和______。
8. 美国的总统是国家元首、______和______。
9. 美国的教育体系分为______、______和______三个阶段。
10. 美国的总统选举实行______选举制度。
三、简答题（每题5分，共25分）1. 简述美国独立战争的原因。
美国文学期末考试试卷模拟精彩试题
美国文学期末考试试卷模拟试题一I. Fill in the following blanks and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (15%, 1 point for each)1.The publication of ______ established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New EnglandTranscendentalism.2.Hard work, thrift, ______ and sobriety were the Puritan values that dominated much of the earliestAmerican writing.3.At 87, ______ read his poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy.4.Jack London’s masterwork _________ is somewhat autobi ographical.5.______, the tragic hero of Moby Dick, burning with a baleful fire, becomes evil himself in his thirst todestroy evil.6.Ezra Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the “________” movement.7.“The Custom House” is an introductory note to the novel _______.8.Among the works attacking the “American Dream”, __________by Fitzgerald is a powerful piece.9.Walt Whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in his use of________, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.10.In 1954, _______ won the Nobel Prize for Literature for his “mastery of the art of modern narration”.11.In American literary history, ________ is called “the Recluse of Amherst” since she isolated herself fromthe outside almost for life.12.“The Fall of the House of Usher” is a short story written by _______.13._______ launched two kinds of immensely popular stories: the sea adventure and the frontier saga,represented by The Leatherstocking Tales.14.The publication of T. S. Eliot’s ________ in 1922, the most significant American poem of the 20thcentury, helped to establish a modern tradition of literature rich with learning and allusive thought.15.“The Cop and the Anthem” is a short story written by ______.II. Each of the following statements is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. Then put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (20%, 1 point for each)1.For Melville, as well as for the reader and _____, the narrator, Moby Dick is still a mystery, anultimately mystery of the universe.A. StubbB. IshmaelC. AhabD. Starbuck2.Most of the p oems in Whitman’s Leaves of Grass sing of the “en-mass” and the ____ as well.A. natureB. self-relianceC. selfD. life3.Which of the following is Not one of the main ideas advocated by Ralph Emerson?A. Importance of the IndividualB. Faith in ChristianityC. The Over-SoulD. Self-Reliance4.In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as _____.A. saviorsB. villainsC. commentatorsD. observers5.In American literature, escaping from the society and returning to nature is a common subject. Thefollowing titles are all related, in one way or another, to the subject except _____.A.Dreiser’s Sister CarrierB.Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC.Cooper’s Leatherstocking TalesD.Thoreau’s Walden6.Which of the following is Not optimistic about human nature? .A. Ralph EmersonB. Walt WhitmanC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Henry Thoreau7.Washington Irving was best known for his famous short stories such as _______.A.Rip Van Winkle and Moby DickB.Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy HollowC.Young Goodman Brown and Moby DickD.The Fall of the House of Usher and Rip Van Winkle8.Emily Dickinson wrote many of her poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is Not ausual subject of her poetic expression? _____.A. ReligionB. Life and deathC. Love and marriageD. War and peace9.Henry James is mostly concerned with ______ in his fiction.A. the inner life of human beingsB. small town life in backward regionsC. suffering of the agedD. violent events in history10.______ is called by Hemingway the one from which “all modern American literature comes.”A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Life on the MississippiC. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD. The Gilded Age11.William Faulkner’s works mainly concern the American _____.A. New EnglandB. SouthC. Mid WestD. West12.One of Mark Twain’s contributions to American literature is that he made ______ an accepted standardliterary medium.A. tall taleB. local colorismC. humorD. colloquial speech13.Emily Dickinson wrote 1775 poems, but only ____ of which had appeared during her life time.A. 7B. 8C. 9D. 1014.In writing In a Station of the Metro, Pound got his inspiration from _____.A. English sonnetB. Japanese haikuC. Chinese classical poetryD. French15.Of the following American writers, _____ has Not won the Nobel Prize for Literature.A. William FaulknerB. Ernest HemingwayC. John SteinbeckD. F. S. Fitzgerald16.Robert Frost is a regional poet in the sense that his poems are mainly concerned about the _____.A. life in New YorkB. country life in New EnglandC. sea adventuresD. life on the Mississippi River17.The works of _______ reveal the misery of the migrant workers because of the American Depression.A. F. S. FitzgeraldB. John SteinbeckC. Ernest HemingwayD. William Howells18.In 1862, President Lincoln exclaimed: “So you are the little woman who wrote the book that started thisgreat war!” Who is this woman referred to? ______.A. Mrs. StoweB. Emily DickinsonC. George EliotD. Jane Austen19.It is not surprising to find in _____’s fiction a world of jungle, where “kill or to be killed” was the law.A. Mark TwainB. Emily DickinsonC. Theodore DreiserD. Henry James20.“Let’s portray man and woman in a way that we meet them in our real life.” Thismay be a principle for the characterization of _______.A. romanticismB. realismC. naturalismD. modernismIII. Explain the following and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (15%, 5 points for each)1.Local color fiction2.Captain John Smith3.“Annabel Lee”IV. Answer the following questions briefly, and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (30%, 10 points for each)1.What’s the difference between Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson?2.What’s the symbolic signif icance of The Scarlet Letter?美国文学期末考试试卷模拟试题二I. Fill in the following blanks and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (15%, 1 point for each)1._____ was a founding figure of American poetry, whose innovation first of all lies in his use of the freeverse, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.2.The publication of Nature established ______ as the most eloquent spokesman of New EnglandTranscendentalism.3.Hard work, thrift, ______ and sobriety were the Puritan values that dominated much of the earliestAmerican writing.4._________ is considered to be the founder of psychological realism, who believed that reality lies in theimpressions made by life on the spectator.5.Martin Eden is the novel into which ______ put most of himself.6.The publication of _______ written by T. S. Eliot helped to establish a modern tradition of literature richwith learning and allusive thought.7.“The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.” This is the shortest poemwritten by _____.8.With the publication of The Sun Also Rises, ________ became the spokesman for what Gertrude Steinhad called “a Lost Generation”.9.“The Custom House” is an introductory note to the novel _______.10.Among the works attacking the “American Dream”, __________by Fitzgerald is a powerful piece.11.Emily Dickinson wrote 1775 poems, but only ____ of which had appeared during her life time.12.______, the tragic hero of Moby Dick, burning with a baleful fire, becomes evil himself in his thirst todestroy evil.13.As a poet, ________ heralded American literary independence: his close observation of naturedistinguished his treatment of indigenous wild life and other native American subjects, e. g: The Wild Honey Suckle.14.The publication of Washington Irving’s _________,a collection of essays, sketches and tales, marks thebeginning of American romanticism.15.“The Cop and the Anthem” is a short story written by ______.II. Each of the following statements is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. Put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (30%, 1 point for each)1.In Leaves of Grass, _______ is all that concerned Whitman.A. individualismB. freedomC. democracyD. all the above2.______ is the narrator of Moby Dick.A. AhabB. IshmaelC. FlaskD. Queequeg3.In 1837, Ralph Emerson made a speech entitled _____ at Harvard, which was hailed by Oliver WendellHolmes as “Our Intellectual Declaration of Independence.”A. Declaration of IndependenceB. Self-RelianceC. Divinity School AddressD. The American Scholar4.The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling; and second, the individual is ______.A. vicious by natureB. insignificantC. forward-lookingD. divine5.In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as _____.A. saviorsB. villainsC. commentatorsD. observers6.In American literature, escaping from the society and returning to nature is a common subject. Thefollowing titles are all related, in one way or another, to the subject except _____.A.Dreiser’s Sister CarrierB.Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC.Cooper’s Leather-Stocking TalesD.Thoreau’s Walden7.“I celebrate myself, and sing myself,And what I assume you shall assume,For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.”Who could have written these lines? _____.A. Edgar Allan PoeB. Ralph EmersonC. Walt WhitmanD. Henry Thoreau8.Which of the following is Not optimistic about human nature?A. Ralph EmersonB. Walt WhitmanC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Henry Thoreau9.Which of the following statements about The Scarlet Letter is Not true? _____.A.It explores man’s never-ending search for the satisfaction of materialistic desires.B.It relates the conflicts between the society and the individual.C.It presents a psychological analysis of the inward tensions of the characters.D.It is about the effect of sin on the people involved and the society as a whole.10.Washington Irving was best known for his famous short stories such as _______.A.Rip Van Winkle and Moby DickB.Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy HollowC.Young Goodman Brown and Moby DickD.The Fall of the House of Usher and Rip Van Winkle11.Emily Dickinson wrote many of her poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is Not ausual subject of her poetic expression? _____.A. ReligionB. Life and deathC. Love and marriageD. War and peace12.Mark Twain wrote most of his literary works with a ____ language.A. grandB. pompousC. vernacularD. simple13.The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as _____.A. the Age of RomanticismB. the Age of RealismC. the Age of ModernismD. the Age of Colonialism14.______ is called by Hemingway the one from which “all modern American literature comes.”A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Life on the MississippiC. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD. The Gilded Age15.The main theme of _______’s The Art of Fiction reveals his literary credo that representation of lifeshould be the main object of the novel.A. Mark TwainB. Henry JamesC. Theodore DreiserD. William Dean Howells16.It is not surprising to find in _____’s fiction a world of jungle, where “kill or to be killed” was the law.A. Mark TwainB. Emily DickinsonC. Theodore DreiserD. Henry James17.According to Hawthorne, the scarlet Letter “A” which originally stands for “_____”, finally obtains themeaning of “able” or “angel” through Hester’s efforts.A. arroganceB. adulteryC. agonyD. accomplishment18.During the period after the Civil War, the American society entered in what Mark Twain referred to as_____.A. the Golden AgeB. the Modern AgeC. the Gilded AgeD. the Puritan Age19.Robert Frost is generally considered to be a regional poet in the sense that his subject matters mainlyfocus on the landscape and people in _____.A. New YorkB. the WestC. New EnglandD. Mid West20.William Faulkner’s w orks mainly concern the American _____.A. New EnglandB. SouthC. Mid WestD. West21.In 1954, _____ was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature for his “mastery of the art of modernnarration.”A. T. S. EliotB. Ernest HemingwayC. John SteinbeckD. William Faulkner22.“In a Station of the Metro” is regarded by critics as a classic specimen of _____.A. the imagist poetryB. the absurd poetryC. the romantic poetryD. the transcendental poetry23.Fitzgerald’s fictional world is the best embodiment of the spirit of ______.A. the Renaissance PeriodB. the Neoclassical PeriodC. the Jazz AgeD. the Romantic Period24._____ usually was regarded as the first American writer.A. William BradfordB. Anne BradstreetC. Emily DickinsonD. Captain John Smith25.The works of _______ reveal the misery of the migrant workers because of the American Depression.A. F. S. FitzgeraldB. John SteinbeckC. Ernest HemingwayD. William Howells26._______ is NOT a fictional character in The Scarlet Letter.A. PearlB. Arthur DimmesdaleC. Roger ChillingworthD. Santiago27.At 87, ______ read his poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy.A. Edwin RobinsonB. Wallace StevensC. Carl SandburgD. Robert Frost28.“Let’s portray man and woman in a way that we meet them in our real life.” This may be a principle forthe characterization of _______.A. romanticismB. realismC. naturalismD. modernism29.In 1862, President Lincoln exclaimed: “So you are the little woman who wrote the book that started thisgreat war!” Who is this woman referred to? ______.A. Mrs. StoweB. Emily DickinsonC. George EliotD. Jane Austen30.All his novels reveal that, as time went on, Mark Twain became increasingly ______.A. optimisticB. pessimisticC. confidentD. contentedIII. Explain the following and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (15%, 5 points for each)1. New England literary renaissance2. “My Lost Youth” (by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow)3. William Dean HowellsIV. Make a brief comment on the following and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (20%, 10 points for each)1.American Romanticism.2.Caroline Meeber in Sister Carrier.美国文学期末考试试卷模拟试题三I. Complete each of the following statements with proper words or phrases. (20%, 1 point for each)1.In 1817, the stately poem called “Thanatopsis” introduced the best poet, ______, to appear in Americaup to that time.2.James Fennimore Cooper launched two kinds of immensely popular stories: the sea adventure and______.3.Ralph Emerson was recognized throughout his life as the leader of ______ movement, yet he neverapplied the term to himself or to his beliefs and ideas.4.Herman Melville’s novel ______ is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of aseemingly supernatural white whale.5.In the early 19th century, Washington Irving wrote ______ which became the first work by an Americanwriter to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic.6.In 1845, Henry David Thoreau began a two-year residence at ______ Pond.7.After his death, ______ became the only American to be honored with a bust in the Poet’s Corner ofWestminster Abbey.8.The American Romantic period stretches from the end of the 18th century through the outburst of the______.9.The arbiter of 19th century literary realism in America was ______.10.The poetic style Walt Whitman devised is now called ______, which is poetry without a fixed beat orregular rhyme scheme.11.______ is considered the founder of psychological realism. He believed that reality lies in theimpressions made by life on the spectator.12.______ is the novel into which Jack London put most of himself.13.O. Henry’s ______ is a very moving story of a young coupl e who sell their best possessions in order toget money for a Christmas present for each other.14.______ was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the “Imagist” movement.15.In 1925, F. Scott Fitzgerald completed his best novel ______. It is the story of an idealist who wasdestroyed by the influence of the wealthy, pleasure-seeking people around him.16.Ernest Hemingway’s stature as a writer was confirmed with the publication of his novel ______ in 1929.The novel portrayed a farewell both to war and to love.17.______ was the foremost novelist of the American Depression of the 1930s.18.William Faulkner considered __________ to be “the first truly American writer”.19.As a genre, naturalism emphasized heredity and ______ as important deterministic forces shapingindividualized characters that were presented in special and detailed circumstances.20.A series of sixteen pamphlets by Thomas Paine was entitled ______.II. Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers or completions.Choose the one that is the best in each case. (30%, 1 point for each)1.Moby Dick was dedicated to ____.A. Ralph EmersonB. Nathaniel HawthorneC. Henry ThoreauD. Henry Longfellow2.____ was Mark Twain’s masterpiece from which, as Hemingway noted, “all modern American literaturecomes.”A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC. Life on the MississippiD. The Gilded Age3.____ usually was regarded as the first American writer.A. Emily BradfordB. Ann BradstreetC. Emily DickinsonD. John Smith4.Benjamin Franklin was the epitome of the ____.A. American EnlightenmentB. Sugar ActC. Chartist movementD. Romanticist5.Thomas Jefferson’s attitude, that is, a firm belief in progress, and the pursuit of happiness, is typical ofthe period we now call ____.A. Age of EvolutionB. Age of ReasonC. Age of RomanticismD. Age of Regionalism6.As a literary and philosophical movement, ____ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the CivilWar.A. modernismB. rationalismC. sentimentalismD. transcendentalism7.____ is NOT written by Ralph Waldo Emerson.A. The American ScholarB. Self-RelianceC. The Divinity School AddressD. Civil Disobedience8.There is a good reason to state that New England Transcendentalism was actually ____ on the Puritansoil.A. RomanticismB. SymbolismC. MysticismD. Rationalism9.American literature produced only one female poet during the 19th century. This was ____.A. Anne BradstreetB. Jane AustenC. Emily DickinsonD. Harriet Beecher10.Which of the following statements about O. Henry is NOT right?A. He wrote about the poor people.B. The ends of his stories are always surprising.C. Many of his stories contain a great deal of slang and colloquial expressions.D. The plots are usually clumsy.11.The main theme of ____’s The Art of Fiction reveals his literary credo that representation of life shouldbe the main object of the novel.A. Henry JamesB. William HowellsC. Mark TwainD. O. Henry12.Which of the following does NOT have a naturalist tendency?A. Stephan CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Jack LondonD. Walt Whitman13.For Melville, as well as for the reader and _____, the narrator, Moby Dick is still a mystery, anultimately mystery of the universe.A. StubbB. IshmaelC. AhabD. Starbuck14.Which of the following is NOT optimistic about human nature?A. Ralph EmersonB. Walt WhitmanC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Henry Thoreau15.Emily Dickinson wrote many of her poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is NOT ausual subject of her poetic expression?A. ReligionB. Life and deathC. Love and marriageD. War and peace16.Of the following American writers, _____ had won the Nobel Prize for Literature.A. Mark TwainB. Ernest HemingwayC. Henry JamesD. F. S. Fitzgerald17.In 1862, President Lincoln exclaimed: “So you are the little woman who wrote the book that started thisgreat war!” The book refers to ____.A.The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB. BelovedB.Pride and Prejudice D. Uncle Tom’s Cabin18.The works of _____ reveals the misery of the migrant workers because of the American Depression.A. F. S. FitzgeraldB. John SteinbeckC. Ernest HemingwayD. William Howells19.In Leaves of Grass, _____ is all that concerned Whitman.A. individualismB. freedomC. democracyD. all the above20.It is not surprising to find in _____’s fiction a world of jungle, where “kill or to be killed” was the law.A. Mark TwainB. Emily DickinsonC. Theodore DreiserD. Henry James21.During the period after the Civil War, the American society entered in what Mark Twain referred to as____.A. the Golden AgeB. the Modern AgeC. the Gilded AgeD. the Puritan Age22.“The Custom-House” is an introductory note to _____.A. Moby-DickB. The Scarlet LetterC. The Marble FaunD. The Blithedale Romance23.When we say that a poor young man from the West tried to make his fortune in the East but wasdisillusioned in the quest of an idealized dream, we are probably discussing ______’s thematic concern in his fiction writing.A. Henry JamesB. F. Scott FitzgeraldC. Ernest HemingwayD. William Faulkner24.American writers after World War I self-consciously acknowledged that they were (a) “____”, devoid offaith and alienated from the Western civilization.A. Lost GenerationB. Beat GenerationC. Sons of LibertyD. Angry Young Men25.Which one of the following statements is NOT true of William Faulkner?A. He is master of stream-of-consciousness narrative.B. His writing is often complex and difficult to understand.C. He often depicts slum life in New York and Chicago.D. He represents a new group of Southern writers26.The setting of the novel The Scarlet Letter is in ____.A. England during World War IB. Paris during the French RevolutionC. Puritan AmericaD. America after the Revolutionary War27.Which statement is NOT true of the American naturalist?A. They ventured the forbidden subjects such as sex, death, and violence.B. They stressed the possible triumph of human will.C. They wrote in a daring, open, and direct manner.D. They see human beings no more than a physical object.28.____ is often acclaimed as the literary spokesman of the Jazz Age.A. Ernest HemingwayB. F. Scott FitzgeraldC. William FaulknerD. John Steinbeck29.____, o ne of America’s greatest playwrights, won the Nobel Prize in 1936, the first American playwrightto receive the honor. Some of his most famous works include The Hairy Ape, Long Day’s Journey into Night.A. Arthur MillerB. Tennessee WilliamsC. Bernard MalamudD. Eugene O’Neill30.Edgar Allan Poe occupies an important position in American literature as a poet and a ____.A. short story writerB. novelistC. dramatistD. translatorIII. Answer the following questions, and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (30%, 15 points for each)1. What is local color fiction? List at least 5 of the best known writers of local color.2. Instead of having her punished for her life of sin, Dreiser let Caroline Meeber in Sister Carrier becomesuccessful. Can you tell why?美国文学期末考试试卷模拟试题三参考答案I: Complete each of the following statements with proper words or phrases. (20%, 1 point for each)1.Bryant2. frontier saga3. transcendentalist4. Moby Dick5. Sketch Book6.Walden7. Longfellow8. Civil War9. Howells10. free verse11.Henry James12. Martin Eden13. The Gift of Magi14. Pound15. The Great Gatsby16. A Farewell to Arms17. Steinbeck18. Mark Twain19. Environment20. American CrisisII: Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers or completions. Choose the one that is the best in each case. (30%, 1 point for each)1 --- 5: B B D A B 6 --- 10: D D A C D11 ---15: A D B C D 16 --- 20: B D B D C21 --- 25: C B B A C 26 --- 30: C B B D AIII. Answer the following questions, and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (30%, 15 points for each)1. What is local color fiction? List at least 5 of the best known writers of local color.Realism first appeared in the United States in the literature of local color, an amalgam of romantic plots and realistic descriptions of things was immediately observable; the dialects, customs, sights, and sounds of regional America. Bret Harte was the first American writer of local color to achieve wide popularity,presenting stories of western mining towns with colorful gamblers, outlaws, and scandalous women. Harte, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Kate Chopin, Joel Chandler Harris, and Mark Twain provided regional stories and tales of the life of America’s Westerners, Southerners, and Eastern ers. Local color fiction reached its peak of popularity in the 1880s, but by the turn of the century it had begun to decline.2. Instead of having her punished for her life of sin, Dreiser let Caroline Meeber in Sister Carrier become successful. Can you tell why?This is due to a number of reasons:1) Theodore Dreiser based the novel on the life of his sister Emma. In 1883 she ran away to Toronto, Canada with a married man who had stolen money from his employer. Another sister of his was a prostitute.2) Like Sister Carrie who went to Chicago at the age of 18, Dreiser himself left home at age 15 for Chicago and started to support himself, doing menial jobs. He understood perfectly well how hard life was for a girl like Sister Carrie in a big city.3) His sympathy for Sister Carrie is related to his naturalistic beliefs. The naturalists emphasized that the world was amoral, that men and women had no free will, that their lives were controlled by heredity and the environment, that religious “truth” were illusory, that the destiny of humanity was misery in life and oblivion in death. As a pioneer of naturalism in American literature, Dreiser wrote novels reflecting his mechanistic view of life, a concept that held humanity as the victim of such ungovernable forces as economics, biology, society, and even chance. In his works, conventional morality is unimportant, consciously virtuous behavior having little to do with material success and happiness. So Sister Carrie is not to be blamed for her sin of life.4) His sympathy for Sister Carrie also shows the influence of the teachings of Charles Darwin----natural selection and the survival of the fittest and that of the teachings of Herbert Spencer----social Darwinism. In this novel, Sister Carrie is portrayed as an example of the survival of the fittest in an indifferent world.美国文学期末考试试卷模拟试题四I. Complete each of the following statements with proper words or phrases. (20%, 1 point for each)1.Ralph Emerson’s truest disciple was ______, who put into practice many of Emerson’s theories.2.On January 10, 1776, Thomas Paine’s famous pamphlet ______ appeared, which boldly advocated a“Declaration for Independence”, a nd brought the separatist to a crisis.3.______ has been called the “Father of American Poetry”.4.“To a Waterfowl” is perhaps the peak of ______’s work, which has been called by an Englishprominent critic “the most perfect brief poem in the language”.5.In his cluster of poems called Leaves of Grass, ______ gave America its first genuine epic poem.6.______ probed deeply at the individual psychology of his characters, writing in a rich and intricatestyle that supported his intense scrutiny of complex human experience.7.______’s reports of exploration, published in the early 1600s, have been described as the first distinctlyAmerican literature to be written in English.8.Benjamin Franklin’s best writing is found in his masterpiece ______.9.James Fennimore Cooper launched two kinds of immensely popular stories: the frontier saga and______.10.Ralph Emerson was recognized throughout his life as the leader of ______ movement, yet he neverapplied the term to himself or to his beliefs and ideas.11.Herman Melville’s novel ______ is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of aseemingly supernatural white whale.12.In the early 19th century, Washington Irving wrote ______ which became the first work by anAmerican writer to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic.。
美国文学选读期末试卷(A)
美国文学选读期末试卷（A）Part Ⅰ: Choose the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.(10 points in all, 2 point for each)Group 1Column A Column B（）1. Benjamin Franklin a. Moby Dick（）2.Edgar Allan Poe b. The Cast of Amontillado（）3. Ralph Waldo Emerson c. The Scarlet letter（）4. Nathaniel Hawthorne d. Self-Reliance（）5. Herman Melville e. The AutobiographyPart ⅠⅠ: Gap filling (10 points in all, 1 point for each).1.‘The Old Man and the Sea’ is written by ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ .2.Samuel Langhorne Clemens is better known by the pen name ______ _______ .3.‘the remains of my relations’ means ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿in Chinese.4.‘I must not only punish but punish with impunity’ means ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿in Chinese.5.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿is regarded as the first person to write the detective novel in the west.6.Ralph Waldo Emerson is the supporter of ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.7.Herman Melville is the famous ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿and poet of America.8.In 1836, a little book came out which made a tremendous impact on the intellectual life ofAmerica. It was entitled ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿by Emerson.9.The historical novel ‘Scarlet Letter’ describes the17th century’s life style of the＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿in North America.10.In Herman Melville’s Moby Dick’, as the opposite of the human being, the whale stands for＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.Part ⅠⅠⅠ: Reading Comprehension (40 points in all, 2 points for each).AHow canI travel a lot, and I find out different “styles” (风格) of directions ever y time 1 ask “I get to the post office?”Foreign tourists are often confused (困惑) in Japan because most streets there don’t have names; in Japan, people use landmarks (地标) in their directions instead of street names. Forexample, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the bighotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There areno mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns or buildings within miles.Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example,people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map; they measuredistance in time, not miles. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “iabout fiv e minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They don’t It’s true that a person doesn’t know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in suchtan, Mexico, no onea situation? A New Yorker might say, ‘Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucathey usuallyPeople in Yucatan believe that “I don’t know” is impolite,answers “I don’t know.”give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!1. When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place they usually _________A. describe the place carefullyB. show him a map of the placeC. tell him the names of the streetsD. refer to recognizable buildings and places2. What is the place where people measure distance in time? _________A. New York.B. Los Angeles.C. Kansas.D. Iowa.3. People in Yucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer ________A. in order to save timeB. as a testC. so as to be politeD. for fun4. What can we infer from the text? _________for travelers to understand cultural differences.A. It’s importantB. It’s useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.C. People have similar understandings of politeness.D. New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.BHeroes of Our TimeA good heartDikembe Mutombo grew up in Africa among great poverty and disease. He came toGeorgetown University on a scholarshipto study medicine —but Coach John Thompson got alook at Dikembe and had a different idea. Dikembe became a star in the NBA, and a citizen of theUnited States. But he never forgot the land of his birth, or the duty to share his fortune with others.He built a new hospital in his old hometown in the Congo. A friend has said of this good-heartedman: “Mutombo believes that God has given him this chance to do great things.”Success and kindnessAfter her daughter was born, Julie Aigner-Clark searched for ways to share her love of musicinand art with her child. So she borrowed some equipment, and began filming children’s videosher own house. The Baby Einstein Company was born, and in just five years her business grew tomore than $20 million in sales. And she is using her success to help others — producing childsafety videos with John Walsh of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Juliesays of her new program: “I believe it’s the most important thing that I have ever done. I believethat children have the right to live in a world that is safe.”Bravery and courageA few weeks ago, Wesley Autrey was waiting at a Harlem subway station with his two littlegirls when he saw a man fall into the path of a train. With seconds to act, Wesley jumped onto thetracks, pulled the man into the space between the rails, and held him as the train passed rightabove their heads. He insists he’s not a hero. He says: “We have got to show each other somelove.”5. What was Mutombo praised for? .A. Being a star in the NBA.B. Being a student of medicine.C. His work in the church.D. His willingness to help the needy.6. Mulombo believes that building the new hospital is .A. helpful to his personal developmentB. something he should do for his homelandC. a chance for his friends to share his moneyD. a way of showing his respect to the NBA7. What did the Baby Einstein Company do at its beginning? .A. Produce safety equipment for children.B. Make videos to help protect children.C. Sell children’s music and artwork.D. Look for missing and exploited children.8. Why was Wesley Autrey praised as a hero? .A. He helped a man get across the rails.B. He stopped a man from destroying the rails.C. He protected two little girls from getting hurt.D. He saved a person without considering his own safety.CTom was one of the brightest boys in the year, with supportive parents. But when he was 15he suddenly stopped trying. He left school at 16 with only two scores for secondary schoolsubjects. One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer group.The lack of right male role models in many of their lives — at home and particularly in theschool environment — means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselvesagainst.They don’t see men succeeding in society so it doesn’t occur to them that they could make something of themselves. Without male teachers as a role model, the effect of peer actions andstreet culture is all powerful. Boys want to be part of a club. However, schools can provide theenvironment for change, and provide the right role models for them. Teachers need to be trained toYou have to do it one to one, because that is when youstop that but not in front of a child’s peers.see the real child.It’s pointless sending a child home if he or she has done wrong. They see it as a welcome dayoff to watch television or play computer games. Instead, schools should have a special unit wherea child who has done wrong goes for the day and gets advice about his problems — somewhere hecan work away from his peers and go home after the other children.9. Why did Tom give up studying? .A. He disliked his teachers.B. His parents no longer supported him.C. It’s cool for boys of his age not to care about studies.D. There were too many subjects in his secondary school.10. What seems to have a bad effect on students like Tom? .A. Peer groups.B. A special unit.C. The student judges.D. The home environment.11. What should schools do to help the problem schoolboys? .A. Wait for their change patiently.B. Train leaders of their peer groups.C. Stop the development of street culture.D. Give them lessons in a separate area.12. A teacher’s work is most effective with a schoolboy when he.A. is with the boy aloneB. teaches the boy a lessonC. sends the boy home as punishmentD. works together with another teacherDFar from the land of Antarctica, a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of theshelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fishwould freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to workand research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied thefish’s blood and measured its freezing point.C and many tiny pieces ofThe fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of-1.88°ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered toC. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the-2.05°ice-salt mixture.blood kept it from next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish’s The scientists’ freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein never before seen inthe blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it wasput back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules（分子）held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is calleda glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP.13. What is the text mainly about? .A. The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.B. A special fish living in freezing waters.C. The ice shelf around Antarctica.D. Protection of the Antarctic cod.14. Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature? .A. The seawater has a temperature of -1.88°C.B. it loves to live in the ice-salt mixtureC. A special protein keeps it from freezing.D. Its blood has a temperature lower than -2.05°C..15. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. A type of ice-salt mixture.B. A newly found protein.C. Fish blood.D. Sugar molecule.in the last paragraph 16. What does “glyco-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” mean? .A. sugarB. iceC. bloodD. moleculeEIf your boss asks you to work in Moscow th is year, he’d better offer you more money to doso —or even double that depending on where you live now. That’s because Moscow hasjust beenmost expensive city for the second year in a row by Mercer Humanfound to be the world’sResources Consulting.Using the cost of living in New York as a base, Mercer determined Moscow is 34.4 percentmore expensive including the cost of housing, transportation, food, clothing, household goods and entertainment.A two-bedroom flat in Moscow now costs $4,000 a month; a CD $24.83, and an internationalnewspaper $6.30, according to Mercer. By comparison, a fast food meal with a hamburger is asteal at $4.80.London takes the No. 2 place, up from No. 5 a year ago, thanks to higher cost of housing anda stronger British pound relative to the dollar. Mercer estimates London is 26 percent moreexpensive than New York these days. Following London closely are Seoul and Tokyo, both ofwhich are 22 percent more expensive than New York, while No. 5 Hong Kong is 19 percent morecostly.Among North American cities, New York and Los Angeles are the most expensive and arethe only two listed in the top 50 of the world’s most expensive cities. But both have fallen since study —New York came in 15th, down from 10th place, while Los Angeles fell tolast year’s42nd from 29th place a year ago. San Francisco came in a distant third at No. 54, down 20 placesfrom a year earlier.Toronto, meanwhile, is Canada’s most expensive city but fell 35 places to take 82nd place worldwide. In Australia, Sydney is the priciest place to live in and No. 21 worldwide._________17. What do the underlined words “a steal” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. an act of stealingB. something deliciousC. something very cheapD. an act of buying18. London has become the second most expensive city because of _________A. the high cost of clothingB. the stronger pound against the dollarC. its expensive transportationD. the high prices of fast food meals19. Which city is the third most expensive on the list? _________A. Tokyo.B. Hong Kong.C. Moscow.D. Sydney.20. Which city has dropped most on the list in North America?A. New York.B. Los Angeles.C. San Francisco.D. Toronto.Part IV: Translation (40 points in all, 20 points for each).1.When he found I would leave him, he took care to prevent me getting employment in anyother printing house of the town by going round and speaking to every master, whoaccordingly refused to give me work. I then thought of going to New York as the nearestplace where there was a printer; and I was the rather inclined to leave Boston when I reflectedthat I had already made myself a little obnoxious to the governing party; and from thearbitrary proceeding of the Assembly in my brother’s case, it was likely I might if I stayedsoon bring myself into scrapes, and further that my indiscreet disputations about religionbegan to make me pointed at with horror by good people as an infidel or atheist. I determinedon the point, but my father now siding with my brother, I was sensible that if I attempted to goopenly means would be used to prevent me.2. He had a weak point－－this Fortunato－－although in other regards he was a man to berespected and even feared. He prided himself upon his connoisseurship in wine. Few Italians have the true virtuoso spirit. For the most part their enthusiasm is adopted to suit the time and opportunity, to practice imposture upon the British and Austrian millionaires. In painting and gemmary, Fortunato, like his countrymen, was a quack, but in the matter of old wines he was sincere. In this respect I did not differ from him materially;－－I was skillful in the Italian vintages myself, and bought largely whenever I could.答卷Part Ⅰ: Choose the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.(10 points in all, 2 point for each)1 2 3 4 5Part ⅠⅠ: Gap filling (10 points in all, 1 point for each).1. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ;2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ;3. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ;4. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ;5. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ;6. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ;7. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ; 8. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ; 9. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ;10. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ;Part ⅠⅠⅠ: Reading Comprehension (40 points in all, 2 points for each).1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20Part IV: Translation (40 points in all, 20 points for each).1.2.。
美国文学选读期末试卷
美国文学选读期末试卷美国文学选读期末试卷(A);PartⅠ:Choosetherelevantm;(10pointsinall,2pointfor;Group1;ColumnACol umnB;1.BenjaminFranklina.Mo;2.EdgarAllanPoeb.TheCa;3.RalphWaldoEmersonc. T;4.NathanielHawtho美国文学选读期末试卷 (A)Part Ⅰ: Choose the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.(10 points in all, 2 point for each)Group 1Column A Column B1. Benjamin Franklin a. Moby Dick2.Edgar Allan Poe b. The Cast of Amontillado3. Ralph Waldo Emerson c. The Scarlet letter4. Nathaniel Hawthorne d. Self-Reliance5. Herman Melville e. The AutobiographyPart ⅠⅠ: Gap filling (10 points in all, 1 point for each).1.2.3.4. ?The Old Man and the Sea? is written by _______ . Samuel Langhorne Clemens is better known by the pen name ______ _______ . ?the remains of my relations? means __________________ in Chinese. ?I must not only punish but punish with impunity? means___________________________in Chinese.5. _________ is regarded as the first person to write the detective novel in the west.6. Ralph Waldo Emerson is the supporter of _________.7. Herman Melville is the famous _________and poet of America.8. In 1836, a little book came out which made a tremendous impact on the intellectual life of America. It was entitled _________ by Emerson.9. The historical novel ?Scarlet Letter? describes the17th century?s life style of the___________________________ in North America.10. In Herman Melville?s Moby Dick?, as the opposite of the human being, the whale stands for __________________.Part ⅠⅠⅠ: Reading Comprehension (40 points in all, 2 points for each).AI travel a lot, and I find out different “styles” (风格) of directions every time 1 ask “How can I get to the post office?”Foreign tourists are often confused (困惑) in Japan because most streets there don?t have names; in Japan, people use landmarks (地标) in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map; they measure distance in time, not miles. “How far away is the post offi ce?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it?sabout five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They don?t know. It?s true that a person doesn?t know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, ?Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “I don?t know.” People in Yucatan believe that “Idon?t know” is impolite, they usually give an answer, often a wrong one.A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!1. When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place they usually _________A. describe the place carefullyB. show him a map of the placeC. tell him the names of the streetsD. refer to recognizable buildings and places2. What is the place where people measure distance in time?_________A. New York.B. Los Angeles.C. Kansas.D. Iowa.3. People in Yucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer ________A. in order to save timeB. as a testC. so as to be politeD. for fun4. What can we infer from the text? _________A. It?s important for travelers to understand cultural differences.B. It?s useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.C. People have similar understandings of politeness.D. New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.BHeroes of Our TimeA good heartDikembe Mutombo grew up in Africa among great poverty and disease. He came to Georgetown University on a scholarshipto study medicine ―but Coach John Thompson got a look at Dikembe and had a different idea. Dikembe became a star in the NBA, and a citizen of the United States.But he never forgot the land of his birth, or the duty to share hisfortune with others. He built a new hospital in his old hometown in the Congo. A friend has said of this good-hearted man: “Mutombo believesthat God has given him this chance to do great things.”Success and kindnessAfter her daughter was born, Julie Aigner-Clark searched for ways to share her love of music and art with her child. So she borrowed some equipment, and began filming children?s videos in her own house. The Baby Einstein Company was born, and in just five years her business grew to more than $20 million in sales. And she is using her success to help others ― producing child safety videos with John Walsh of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Julie says of her new program: “I believe it?s the most important thing that I have ever done. I believe that children have the right to live in a world that is safe.”Bravery and courageA few weeks ago, Wesley Autrey was waiting at a Harlem subwaystation with his two little girls when he saw a man fall into the pathof a train. With seconds to act, Wesley jumped onto the tracks, pulled the man into the space between the rails, and held him as the train passed right above their heads. He insists he?s not a hero. He says: “We have got to show each other some love.”A. Being a star in the NBA.B. Being a student of medicine.C. His work in the church.D. His willingness to help the needy..A. helpful to his personal developmentB. something he should do for his homelandC. a chance for his friends to share his moneyD. a way of showing his respect to the NBAA. Produce safety equipment for children.B. Make videos to help protect children.C. Sell children?s music and artwork.D. Look for missing and exploited children.A. He helped a man get across the rails.B. He stopped a man from destroying the rails.C. He protected two little girls from getting hurt.D. He saved a person without considering his own safety.CTom was one of the brightest boys in the year, with supportive parents. But when he was 15 he suddenly stopped trying. He left school at 16 with only two scores for secondary school subjects. One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer group.The lack of right male role models in many of their lives ― at home and particularly in the school environment ― means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.They don?t see men succeeding in society so it doesn?t occur to them that they could make something of themselves. Without male teachers as a role model, the effect of peer actions and street culture is all powerful. Boys want to be part of a club. However, schools can provide the environment for change, and provide the right role models for them. Teachers need to be trained to stop that but not in front of a child?s peers. You have to do it one to one, because that is when you see the real child.It?s pointless sending a child home if he or she has done wrong. They see it as a welcome day off to watch television or play computer games. Instead, schools should have a special unit where a child who has done wrong goes for the day and gets advice about his problems ― somewhere he can work away from his peers and go home after the other children.A. He disliked his teachers.B. His parents no longer supported him.C. It?s cool for boys of his age not to care about studies.D. There were too many subjects in his secondary school..A. Peer groups.B. A special unit.C. The student judges.D. The home environment.A. Wait for their change patiently.B. Train leaders of their peer groups.C. Stop the development of street culture.D. Give them lessons in a separate area.12. A teacher?s work is most effective with a schoolboy when heA. is with the boy alone B. teaches the boy a lessonC. sends the boy home as punishmentD. works together with another teacherDFar from the land of Antarctica, a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and researchhas been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish?s blood and measured its freezing point.The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of-1.88°C and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish didnot begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to -2.05°C. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.The scientists? next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish?s blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein never before seen in put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules(分子)held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP..A. The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.B. A special fish living in freezing waters.C. The ice shelf around Antarctica.D. Protection of the Antarctic cod..A. The seawater has a temperature of -1.88°C.B. it loves to live in the ice-salt mixtureC. A special protein keeps it from freezing.D. Its blood has a temperature lower than -2.05°C.15. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A.A type of ice-salt mixture. B. A newly found protein.C. Fish blood.D. Sugar molecule.16. What does “glyco-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraphA. sugarB. iceC. bloodD. moleculeEIf your boss asks you to work in Moscow this year, he?d better offer you more money to doso ― or even double that depending on where you live now. That?s because Moscow has just been found to be the world?s most expensive city for the second year in a row by Mercer Human Resources Consulting.Using the cost of living in New York as a base, Mercer determined Moscow is 34.4 percent more expensive including the cost of housing, transportation, food, clothing, household goods and entertainment.A two-bedroom flat in Moscow now costs $4,000 a month; a CD $24.83, and an international newspaper $6.30, according to Mercer. By comparison, a fast food meal with a hamburger is London takes the No. 2 place, up from No. 5 a year ago, thanks to higher cost of housing and a stronger British pound relative to the dollar. Mercer estimates London is 26 percent more expensive than New York these days. Following Londonclosely are Seoul and Tokyo, both of which are 22 percent more expensive than New York, while No. 5 Hong Kong is 19 percent more costly.Among North American cities, New York and Los Angeles are the most expensive and are the only two listed in the top 50 of the world?s most expensive cities. But both have fallen since last year?s study ― New York came in 15th, down from 10th place, while Los Angeles fell to 42nd from 29th place a year ago. San Francisco came in a distant third at No. 54, down 20 places from a year earlier.Toronto, meanwhile, is Canada?s most expensive city but fell 35 places to take 82nd place worldwide. In Australia, Sydney is thepriciest place to live in and No. 21 worldwide.17. What do the underlined words “a steal” in Paragraph 3 mean?_________A. an act of stealingB. something deliciousC. something very cheapD. an act of buying18. London has become the second most expensive city because of_________A. the high cost of clothingB. the stronger pound against thedollarC. its expensive transportationD. the high prices of fast food meals19. Which city is the third most expensive on the list? _________A. Tokyo.B. Hong Kong.C. Moscow.D. Sydney.20. Which city has dropped most on the list in North America?A. New York.B. Los Angeles.C. San Francisco.D. Toronto.Part IV: Translation (40 points in all, 20 points for each).1. When he found I would leave him, he took care to prevent me getting employment in anyother printing house of the town by going round and speaking to every master, who accordingly refused to give me work. I then thought of going to New York as the nearest place where there was a printer; and I was the rather inclined to leave Boston when I reflected that I had already made myself a little obnoxious to the governing party; and from the arbitrary proceeding of the Assembly in my brother?s case, it was likely I might if I stayed soon bring myself into scrapes, and further that my indiscreet disputations about religion began to make me pointed at with horror by good people as an infidel or atheist. I determined on the point, but my father now siding with my brother, I was sensible that if I attempted to go openly means would be used to prevent me.2. He had a weak point--this Fortunato--although in other regards he was a man to be[美国文学选读期末试卷]。
美国语文期末考试卷子
考试时间：120分钟一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列哪个作品不属于马克·吐温的代表作？A. 《汤姆·索亚历险记》B. 《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》C. 《飘》D. 《艰难岁月》2. 下列哪位作家被誉为“美国诗歌之父”？A. 罗伯特·弗罗斯特B. 威廉·莎士比亚C. 莎士比亚D. 约翰·斯坦贝克3. 以下哪个作品是弗朗西斯·斯科特·基·菲尔德创作的？A. 《星条旗永不落》B. 《我的祖国》C. 《美丽的亚美利加》D. 《星光灿烂的夜空》4. 以下哪个是美国独立战争期间的重要文献？A. 《独立宣言》B. 《美国宪法》C. 《解放宣言》D. 《美国独立战争法》5. 下列哪个作家以其独特的叙事风格著称？A. 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔B. 威廉·福克纳C. 弗兰纳里·奥康纳D. 亨利·詹姆斯6. 以下哪个作品是哈珀·李的代表作？A. 《杀死一只知更鸟》B. 《飘》C. 《了不起的盖茨比》D. 《猫的摇篮》7. 以下哪个作品是J.K.罗琳的哈利·波特系列的第一部？A. 《哈利·波特与魔法石》B. 《哈利·波特与密室》C. 《哈利·波特与阿兹卡班的囚徒》D. 《哈利·波特与火焰杯》8. 以下哪个作品是托马斯·爱迪生创作的？A. 电影B. 电灯C. 电话D. 照相机9. 以下哪个作品是约翰·斯坦贝克的代表作？A. 《愤怒的葡萄》B. 《百年孤独》C. 《了不起的盖茨比》D. 《杀死一只知更鸟》10. 以下哪个作品是弗兰纳里·奥康纳的代表作？A. 《动物园的故事》B. 《我们当中有怪物》C. 《好人难做》D. 《一个窗口的故事》二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 美国的第一任总统是__________________。
美国文学期末试卷及其规范标准答案
《美国文学》期末考试试卷（B卷）1.Poor Richard’s Almanac ( )2.The House of the Seven Gables ( )3.“Raven”( )4.My Antonia ( )5.Babbitt ( )6.A Streetcar Named Desire ( )7.Maggie: A Girl of the Streets ( )8.A Farewell to Arms ( )9.The Call of the Wild ( )10.Long Day's Journey into Night ( )mon Sense ( )12. “Rip Van Winkle”( )13. Walden( )14. The Song of Hiawatha( )15. Uncle Tom’s Cabin( )16.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn( )17.Sister Carrie( )18.The Waste Land( )19. A Farewell to Arms( )20.The Great Gatsby( )1.defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty.2.While working for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, Samuel LanghorneClemens adopted the pseudonym , the way of a boatman taking soundings, and meaning two fathoms.3.Ezra Pound initiated a campaign for , which emphasized the directtreatment of an object or situation. He also advocated the language of common speech, but always the exact word.4.Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decade in hismasterpiece novel _________.5.is the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature for hisvigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters.6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer.7._________________ has been considered the “Father of modern American Poetry.\8._______________________was a great democratic poet. He is also the great poet touse the form of free verse.9._____________________is the first American lyric poet.10._______________________is also called novel of the road, it strings the incidentson the line of the hero’s travel.Ⅲ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (30%)1. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment, _______________ was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RevolutionD. Evolution2. Who was considered as the “Poet of American Revolution”?A. Michael WigglesworthB. Edward TaylorC. Anne BradstreetD. Philip Freneau3. The finest example of Hawthorne’s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in_______.A. The Scarlet LetterB. Young Goodman BrownC. The Marble FaunD. The Ambitious Guest4. ____________ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A. ThoreauB. EmersonC. HawthorneD. Whitman5. Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain.A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Innocents AbroadC. Life on the MississippiD. The Rise of Silas Lapham6. Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A. The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. The Conduct of LifeD. Representative Men7. Melville’s ____________________ is an encyclopedia of everything, history,philosophy, religion, etc, in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.A. The Old Man and the SeaB. Moby DickC. White JacketD. Billy Budd8. American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenth century. Thiswas ___________.A. Anne BradstreetB. Jane AustenC. Emily DickinsonD. Harriet Beecher9. The main theme of _______________ The Art of Fiction reveals his literary credo thatrepresentation of life should be the main object of the novel.A. Henry James’B. William Dean Howells’C. Mark Twain’sD. O. Henry’s10. ___________ showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of Li Po into English, and was influenced by Confucian ideas.A. Ezra PoundB. Robert FrostC. T. S. EliotD. E. E. Cummings11. With William Dean Howells, Henry James, and Mark Twain active on the scene,_______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism12. Ezra Pound's long poem____________ contained more than one hundred poemsloosely connected.A. The Waste LandB. The CantosC. Don JuanD. Queen Mab13. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____________, accomplished a revolutionin literary style and language.A. Gertrude SteinB. Ezra PoundC. James JoyceD. all of the above14. __________ tells the Joad family' s life from the time they were evicted from theirfarm in Oklahoma until their first winter in California.A. Of Mice and MenB. The Grapes of WrathC. The Great GatsbyD. For Whom the Bell Tolls15. The two areas on which the modem American writers concentrated their criticismwere the failures of American society and ___________ .A. the failure of communication among AmericansB. the economic depressionC. the extreme prosperity of AmericaD. the paradise of New LandIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (10%)1. All his literary life, Hawthorne seemed to be haunted by his sense of sin and evil in life.2. Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about love and religion.3.The First World War led the American intellectuals to a bitter disillusionment.4. Hemingway’s works have sometimes been read as an essentially negative commentary on a modern world filled with sterility, failure, and death.5.Mark Twain’s region was the Deep South, with its bitter history of slavery, civil war and destruction.6. Ernest Hemingway developed a spare, tight, reportorial prose based on simple sentence structure and using a restricted vocabulary, precise imagery, and an impersonal, dramatic tone.7.John Steinbeck' s theme was usually that simple human virtues such as kindness and fair treatment were far superior to official hard-heartedness, or the dehumanizing cruelty of exploiters for their own commercial advantage.8. Short-lived, the Imagist movement failed to exert a tremendous influence on modern poetry.9. Robert Frost won four Nobel Prizes in his life.10.In his novels, F. Scott Fitzgerald had revealed the stridency of an age of glittering innocence, he had portrayed the hollowness of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream of love, splendor and fulfilled desires.11.Of Plymouth Plantation was written by William Bradford.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. The romanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13.Deists believed in a Creator God, but rejected providence(Godly direction) and revelation (divine will or Godly "truth")in favor of reason.14..President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war.”15.Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled “ To Helen”.16.The thinking of Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau also greatly influenced the activethinking of Americans who became increasingly concerned with the possibility of building a government. Locke and Rousseau represented the impulse for a Jeffersonian democracy, and Hobbes represented the point of view, often expressed by Hamilton, of a strong central government.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong to the school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Age who wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck’s novels.20.“Thanatopsis” is a word Bryant borrowed from Greek meaning “meditation on death”. V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage OneLo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche, from the regions whichAre Holy-Land!Questions:1.This is the last stanza of a poem “To Helen”. Its writer is _________.(1%)2. With whom is Helen associated in this stanza? (1%)3. How to appreciate the beauty of this poem? (3%)Passage 2I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the differenceQuestions:1. Who is the writer of this poem? (1%)2. What is the title of this poem? (1%)3. What kind of feeling does this stanza show? (3%)4. How do you appreciate this poem? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it byexperience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God. Questions:1. This passage is taken from a famous work entitled _________ . (1%)2. The author of the work is____________ . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going to live in thewoods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal（入口），and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.Questions:1.This part is from the novel , written by . (2%)2.What does “the wild rose bush” symbolize according to your opinion? (5%)Passage 5Often I think of the beautiful townThat is seated by the sea;Often in thought go up and downThe pleasant streets of that dear old town,And my youth comes back to me.And a verse of a Lapland songIs haunting my memory still:"A boy's will is the wind's will,And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts." Questions:1.The stanza is taken from the poem______?(1%)2.The author of the poem is_____ . (1%)3.The seventh line in each Stanza of this poem contains a key word, usually averb, which sums up the feeling established in the stanza. What is the verb andwhat kind feeling that it conveys?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect,Framed by that mighty Architect,With glory richly furnished,Stands permanent though this be fled.It’s purchased and paid for tooBy Him who hath enough to do.Questions:1.This stanza is taken from the poem _______by_______.(2%)2.What is one’s real house according to the poet? (5%)VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1.Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. （10%）2.Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.（10%）3.Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.（10%）《美国文学》期末考试试卷B卷答案暨评分标准Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Benjamin Franklin2.Nathaniel Hawthorne3.Edgar Allan Poe4.Willa Cather5.Sinclair Lewis6.Tennessee Williams7.Stephen Crane8.Ernest Hemingway9.Jack London10.Eugene O’Neill11.Thomas Paine12.Washington Irving13.Henry David Thoreau14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20.F. Scott FitzgeraldⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.Edgar Allan Poe2.Mark Twain3.Imagism4.The Great Gatsby5.Sinclair Lewis6.John Smith7.Ezra Pound8.Walt Whitman9.William Cullen Bryant10.Picaresque novelⅢ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage 11.Edgar Allan Poe (1)2.Psyche (1)3.The beauty of form. （diction，rhyme and rhythm，rhetorical devices.）The beauty of content. (3)Passage 21.Robert Frost(1)2."Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"(1)3.This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should follow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must accept the consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back and have another chance to choose differently.4.In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one which seems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow an unusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become a poet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembers the road which he might have taken, and which would have given him a different kind of life.Passage 3Walden (1)Henry David Thoreau (1)Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(2)Passage 51.My Lost Youth.(1)2.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1)3.“haunting" sums up the feeling that was begun earlier with "Often in thought "and "comes back to me" .(3)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (2)VI. Choose TWO of the three passages and comment on them. (20%)1. Analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. （10%）2. Analyze Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.（10%）3. Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.（10%）The score is given to the theme, (7) content (6) and writing style(7) of the work chosen.。
美国文学期末试卷及答案
《美国文学》期末考试试卷（B卷）1.P oor Richard’s Almanac ( )2.T he House of the Seven Gables ( )3.“Raven” ( )4.M y Antonia ( )5.B abbitt ( )6.A Streetcar Named Desire ( )7.M aggie: A Girl of the Streets ( )8.A Farewell to Arms ( )9.T he Call of the Wild ( )10.Long Day's Journey into Night ( )11. Common Sense ( )12. “Rip Van Winkle”( )13. Walden( )14. The Song of Hiawatha( )15. Uncle Tom’s Cabin( )16. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn( )17. Sister Carrie( )18. The Waste Land( )19. A Farewell to Arms( )20. The Great Gatsby( )1. defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty.2.While working for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, SamuelLanghorne Clemens adopted the pseudonym , the way of a boatman taking soundings, and meaning two fathoms.3.Ezra Pound initiated a campaign for , which emphasized the directtreatment of an object or situation. He also advocated the language of common speech, but always the exact word.4.Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decadein his masterpiece novel _________.5. is the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literaturefor his vigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters.6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer.7._________________ has been considered the “Father of modern AmericanPoetry.\8._______________________was a great democratic poet. He is also the greatpoet to use the form of free verse.9._____________________is the first American lyric poet.10._______________________is also called novel of the road, it strings theincidents on the line of the hero’s travel.Ⅲ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (30%)1. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment, _______________ was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RevolutionD. Evolution2. Who was considered as the “Poet of American Revolution”?A. Michael WigglesworthB. Edward TaylorC. Anne BradstreetD. Philip Freneau3. The finest example of Hawthorne’s symbolism is the recreation of PuritanBoston in _______.A. The Scarlet LetterB. Young Goodman BrownC. The Marble FaunD. The Ambitious Guest4. ____________ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A. ThoreauB. EmersonC. HawthorneD. Whitman5. Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain.A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Innocents AbroadC. Life on the MississippiD. The Rise of Silas Lapham6. Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A. The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. The Conduct of LifeD. Representative Men7. Melville’s ____________________ is an encyclopedia of everything,history, philosophy, religion, etc, in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.A. The Old Man and the SeaB. Moby DickC. White JacketD. Billy Budd8. American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenthcentury. This was ___________.A. Anne BradstreetB. Jane AustenC. Emily DickinsonD. Harriet Beecher9. The main theme of _______________The Art of Fiction reveals his literarycredo that representation of life should be the main object of the novel.A. Henry James’B. William Dean Howells’C. Mark Twain’sD. O. Henry’s10. ___________ showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of Li Po into English, and was influenced by Confucian ideas.A. Ezra PoundB. Robert FrostC. T. S. EliotD. E. E. Cummings11. With William Dean Howells, Henry James, and Mark Twain active on thescene, _______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.A.sentimentalismB. romanticismC.realismD. naturalism12. Ezra Pound's long poem____________ contained more than one hundredpoems loosely connected.A. The WasteLandB. The CantosC. DonJuanD. Queen Mab13. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____________, accomplished arevolution in literary style and language.A. GertrudeSteinB. Ezra PoundC. James JoyceD. all of the above14. __________ tells the Joad family' s life from the time they were evictedfrom their farm in Oklahoma until their first winter in California.A. Of Mice andMenB. The Grapes of WrathC. The GreatGatsbyD. For Whom the Bell Tolls15. The two areas on which the modem American writers concentrated theircriticism were the failures of American society and ___________ .A. the failure of communication among AmericansB. the economic depressionC. the extreme prosperity of AmericaD. the paradise of New LandIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (10%)1. All his literary life, Hawthorne seemed to be haunted by his sense of sin and evil in life.2. Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about love and religion.3.The First World War led the American intellectuals to a bitter disillusionment.4. Hemingway’s works have sometimes been read as an essentially negative commentary on a modern world filled with sterility, failure, and death.5.Mark Twain’s region was the Deep South, with its bitter history of slavery, civil war and destruction.6. Ernest Hemingway developed a spare, tight, reportorial prose based on simple sentence structure and using a restricted vocabulary, precise image-ry, and an impersonal, dramatic tone.7.John Steinbeck' s theme was usually that simple human virtues such as kindness and fair treatment were far superior to official hard-heartedness, or the dehumanizing cruelty of exploiters for their own commercial advantage.8. Short-lived, the Imagist movement failed to exert a tremendous influence on modern poetry.9. Robert Frost won four Nobel Prizes in his life.10.In his novels, F. Scott Fitzgerald had revealed the stridency of an age of glittering innocence, he had portrayed the hollowness of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream of love, splendor and fulfilled desires.11.Of Plymouth Plantation was written by William Bradford.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. The romanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13. Deists believed in a Creator God, but rejected providence(Godly direction) and revelation (divine will or Godly "truth")in favor of reason.14..President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war.”15.Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled “ To Helen”.16.The thinking of Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau also greatly influenced theactive thinking of Americans who became increasingly concerned with the possibility of building a government. Locke and Rousseau represented the impulse for a Jeffersonian democracy, and Hobbes represented the point of view, often expressed by Hamilton, of a strong central government.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong to the school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Age who wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck’s novels.20.“Thanatopsis”is a word Bryant borrowed from Greek meaning “meditation on death”.V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage OneLo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche, from the regions whichAre Holy-Land!Questions:1.This is the last stanza of a poem “To Helen”. Its writer is _________.(1%)2. With whom is Helen associated in this stanza? (1%)3. How to appreciate the beauty of this poem? (3%)Passage 2I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the differenceQuestions:1. Who is the writer of this poem? (1%)2. What is the title of this poem? (1%)3. What kind of feeling does this stanza show? (3%)4. How do you appreciate this poem? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.Questions:1. This passage is taken from a famous work entitled _________ . (1%)2. The author of the work is____________ . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for goingto live in the woods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal（入口），and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems,which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.Questions:1.This part is from the novel ,written by . (2%)2.What does “the wild rose bush”symbolize according to your opinion?(5%)Passage 5Often I think of the beautiful townThat is seated by the sea;Often in thought go up and downThe pleasant streets of that dear old town,And my youth comes back to me.And a verse of a Lapland songIs haunting my memory still:"A boy's will is the wind's will,And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts." Questions:1.The stanza is taken from the poem______?(1%)2.The author of the poem is_____ . (1%)3.The seventh line in each Stanza of this poem contains a key word,usually a verb, which sums up the feeling established in the stanza.What is the verb and what kind feeling that it conveys?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect,Framed by that mighty Architect,With glory richly furnished,Stands permanent though this be fled.It’s purchased and paid for tooBy Him who hath enough to do.Questions:1.This stanza is taken from the poem _______by_______.(2%)2.What is one’s real house according to the poet? (5%)VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1.Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. （10%）2.Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.（10%）3.Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.（10%）《美国文学》期末考试试卷B卷答案暨评分标准Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Benjamin Franklin2.Nathaniel Hawthorne3.Edgar Allan Poe4.Willa Cather5.Sinclair Lewis6.Tennessee Williams7.Stephen Crane8.Ernest Hemingway9.Jack London10.Eugene O’Neill11.Thomas Paine12.Washington Irving13.Henry David Thoreau14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20. F. Scott FitzgeraldⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.Edgar Allan Poe2.Mark Twain3.Imagism4.The Great Gatsby5.Sinclair Lewis6.John Smith7.Ezra Pound8.Walt Whitman9.William Cullen Bryant10.Picaresque novelⅢ. Choose only one answer form th e four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage 11.Edgar Allan Poe (1)2.Psyche (1)3.The beauty of form. （diction，rhyme and rhythm，rhetorical devices.）The beauty of content. (3)Passage 21.Robert Frost(1)2."Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"(1)3.This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should follow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must accept the consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back and have another chance to choose differently.4.In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one whichseems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow an unusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become a poet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembers the road which he might have taken, and which would have given him a different kind of life.Passage 3Walden (1)Henry David Thoreau (1)Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(2)Passage 51.My Lost Youth.(1)2.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1)3.“haunting" sums up the feeling that was begun earlier with "Often in thought "and "comes back to me" .(3)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (2) VI. Choose TWO of the three passages and comment on them. (20%)1. Analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. （10%）2. Analyze Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.（10%）3. Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.（10%）The score is given to the theme, (7) content (6) and writing style(7) of the work chosen.。
美国文学 期末考试试卷及答案 精品推荐
2017 — 2018 学年第 一 学期《美国文学》期末考试试卷（A 卷）适用班级 考试时间 120 分钟学院 班级 学号 姓名Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (10%)1. Octopus ( )2. Maggie, A Girl of the Streets ( )3. Babbitt ( )4. White Fang ( )5. “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” ( )6. My Antonia ( )7. “Birches” ( )8. Poor Richard’s Alma nac ( )9. Light in August ( )10. Twice Told Tales ( )11. The Declaration of Independence ( )12. “Rip Van Winkle ”( )13. Nature ( )14. The Song of Hiawatha ( )15. Uncle Tom ’s Cabin ( )16. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ( )17. Sister Carrie( )18. The Waste Land ( )19. For Whom the Bell Tolls ( )20. The Emperor Jones ( )(10%)1._________________________was one of the founders of theJamestown colony in Virginia in 1607 and is known for his work describing the colonies.2.__________________________was a determined revolutionary whosework helped the cause of the American Revolution considerably, but who lost his popularity long before his death.3.The term refers to the group of people, some of themimportant to American literature (especially secular essay writing), who led the American Revolution and helped create the early American Republic.4.________________________was an early form of horror fiction thatoriginated in 18th century Europe and was very popular in America during the Romantic Period.5._____________________________, known for her deeply personalpoems and radically different poetic themes and form, didn’t achieve fame as a poet until long after her death.6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer.7. _________________ has been entitled the “Father of AmericanPoetry.8._______________________was the first great prose stylist ofAmerican romanticism, author of the first American short stories and familiar essays , the first American author to achieve international distinction, and has a significant position in the history of American literature.9._____________________is the first American professional writer andthe first writer of the detective story in the world.10._______________________is also called novel of the road, it stringsthe incidents on the line of the hero’s travel.Ⅲ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as themost appropriate answer. (30%)1. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. When her poems were published in England, she became know as the “______” who appeared in America.A Ninth MuseB Tenth MuseC Best MuseD First Muse2. ______ is the sometimes exaggerated use of local language, characters and customs in regional literature.A purple proseB waste-land imageryC local colorD symbolism3. The first great flourishing of African American literature that appealed to a relatively large literate Black readership was known as_____.A The HolocaustB The Harlem RenaissanceC AbolitionismD The Civil Rights Movement4. _______ was a leading 19th century feminist and one of the core members of the Transcendentalist movement.A Margaret FullerB Sylvia PlathC Hilda DoolittleD Gloria Stein5. Which of the following is not typical of modern poetry?A gushing sentimentalism and comfortable imagesB abandonment of earlier verse formsC use of free verseD an effort to find and/or explore a new role for the poet in a changing world6. Who was perhaps the most popular of all 20th century American poets?A Ezra PoundB Walt WhitmanC Robert FrostD Allen Ginsburg7. The Fitzgeralds lived so extravagantly that they frequently spent more money than F. Scoot Fitzgerald earned for parties, liquor, entertaining their friends and traveling. It was this living style that nicknamed the decade of the 1920s as_______.A The Jazz AgeB The Gilded AgeC The Roaring AgeD The Beat Age8. Which is true of the “Fireside Poets”?A They were generally strongly in favor of abolishing slavery.B They were deeply involved in the Transcendentalist movement.C They were a group of 19th century New England poets who weretremendously popular and respected at the time they wrote.D They opposed to tradition and were in favor of radical change.9. Ernest Hemingway was badly wounded in Italy and sent to a hospital where he fell in love with a nurse. These two persons later became the characters of his novel ________.A The Old Man and the SeaB For Whom the Bell TollsC The Sun Also RisesD A Farewell to Arms10. The Brahmists or Boston Brahmi, in American literature, refers to _______.A The highest ranking of the Hindu castes.B A movement that emerged from rebellion against Puritan religious ideas and systems.C A group of New England writers known for their scholarship and/or conservative philosophy.D A school of imaginative writing.11. Which of the following is one of Ben Franklin’s famous proverbs?A “A stitch in time saves nine”B “God helps those who help themselves”C “A Friend in need is a friend indeed”D “Ask not who the bell tolls, the bell tolls for thee”12. ___________ was a reaction to the ideas of the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment.A RomanticismB RealismC NaturalismD Modernism13. Although few of her poems were published in her lifetime and a complete collection of them didn’t appear until the 1950’s, _____ had a major impact on 20th century poetry.A Anne BradstreetB Gertrude SteinC Emily DickinsonD Amy Lowell14. Which of the following writers died a natural death in his old age?A Jack LondonB Ernest HemingwayC Stephen CraneD Mark Twain15. Who of the following is NOT a 20th century American poet?A Henry Wordsworth LongfellowB Amy LowellC Ezra PoundD Robert FrostIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether thestatements are true or false. (10%)1.Hawthorne was a firm believer in Puritan principles and mourned theirpassing in his works.2.Frederick Douglas was a major 19th century black writer.3.The sound of Whitman’s words casts a magic, romantic spell overreaders. His tone is awesome, sad and melancholy.4.Haiku, a form of traditional Japanese poetry, greatly influenced theImagist movement.5.Leaves of Grass is Whitman’s life work.6.Thanks in part to the efforts of Ezra Pound, Robert Frost was publishedin England and quickly became recognized as a major American poet. 7.In 1954, T. S. Eliot was awarded a Nobel Prize for his “mastery of theart of modern narration.”8.Hemingway believed that a man could find meaning in life by facing hisdeath with dignity and courage.9.Thomas Jefferson was famous for powerful, persuasive essays, such ashis pamphlet Common Sense, which persuaded many people to support the American Revolution.10.William Hill Brown’s The Power of Sympathy, written in 1789, is oftencalled “the first American novel”.11.The literary movement of American romanticism was generally dividedinto two stages: pre-romanticism and post-romanticism.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. Theromanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13.The Scarlet Letter is called an economical novel because there are onlythree chief characters-or four if we include the child Pearl.14.President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman whowrote the book that made this great war.”15.Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled “ To Helen”.16.Literary naturalism may be regarded as the new development of literaryrealism, and was sometimes called “pessimistic realism.”The naturalistic writers were philosophical pessimists.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong tothe school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Agewho wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck’s novels.20.“Thanatopsis”is a word Bryant borrowed from Latin meaning“meditation on death”.the questions. (20%)Passage 1The apparition of these faces in the crowd;Petals on a wet, black bough.Questions:1.Who is the writer of this poem? _______________(1%)2.What is the title of this poem? _______________(1%)3.What images in this poem suggest Haiku poetry and what images are“modern”? (2%)4.What is the effect of the parallel between lines one and two of the poem?And what feeling and meaning does the poem express to you? (2%)Passage 2It was late and everyone had left the caféexcept an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the daytime the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. Questions:1.This part is from the novel , written by .(2%)2.Why does the old man get drunk every night and why did he commitsuicide? (2%)3.What does the young waiter think of the old man and how does he treathim? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the es-sential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.Questions:1.This passage is taken from a famous work entitled _________ . (1%)2.The author of the work is____________ . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going tolive in the woods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal（入口），and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.Questions:1.This part is from the novel , written by .(2%)2.What does “the wild rose bush” symbolize according to your opinion?(5%)Passage 5It was many and many a year ago,In a kingdom by the sea,That a maiden there lived whom you may know.By the name of Annabel Lee; —And this maiden she lived with no other thoughtThan to love and be loved by me.Questions:1.The stanza is taken from the poem________________?(1%)2.The author of the poem is____________ . (1%)3.What is the most obvious rhetorical device the author uses for effect?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect,Framed by that mighty Architect,With glory richly furnished,Stands permanent though this be fled.It’s purchased and paid for tooBy Him who hath enough to do.Questions:1.This stanza is taken from the poem__________________________by____________.(2%)2.What is one’s real house according to the poet? (5%)VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them.(20%)1.Robert Frost' s The Road Not Taken.（10%）2.Eugene O' Neill’s Long Day's Journey into Night.（10%）3.Talk about Adgar Allan Poe's social outlook and writings （10%）ment on Hawthorne’s style.（10%）《美国文学》期末考试试卷A卷答案暨评分标准适用班级060511-3 考试时间120 分钟Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Frank Norris2.Stephen Crane3.Sinclair Lewis4.Jack London5.Washington Irving6.Willa Cather7.Robert Frost8.Benjamin Franklin9.William Faulkner10.Nathaniel Hawthorne11.Thomas Jefferson12.Washington Irving13.Ralph Waldo Emerson14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20.Eugene O’NeillⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.John Smith2.Thomas Paine3.“founding fathers”4.Gothic Fiction5.Emily Dickenson6.John Smith7.Philip Freneau8.Washington Irving9.Edgar Allan Poe10.Picaresque novelⅢ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage 11.Ezra Pound (1)2.In A Station of the Metro (1)3.Answer should comment on the parallel between the “modern” imagery(description of urban crowds and transportation, loneliness) of the firstline and the traditional “Oriental” imagery (budding flowers on a tree,wetness) of the second line. (2)4.What is the effect of the parallel between lines one and two of the poem?Describe the stylistic result of the parallel and the feelings it evokes (2)Passage 21.This part if from the short story “A Clean Well Light Room” written byErnest Hemingway. (2)2.D escribe the old man’s character and relate it to the nihilist philosophyexpressed in the story. (2)3.What does the young waiter think of the old man (and why) and howdoes he treat him? Describe the young man’s character, his lack ofunderstanding of the old man and the significance of how he treats theold man as described in the story. (3)Passage 31.Walden (1)2.Henry David Thoreau (1)3.Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(5)Passage 51.Annabel Lee.(1)2.Edgar Allan Poe. (1)3.repetition or refrains.(4)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (5) VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1. Robert Frost’s The Road Not Taken. (10%)•This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about thepoet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he shouldfollow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions whichone must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing inorder to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must acceptthe consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back andhave another chance to choose differently.•In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one whichseems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow anunusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become apoet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembersthe road which he might have taken, and which would have given him adifferent kind of life.2. Eugene O' Neill’s Long Day's Journey into Night. (10%)•Long Day's Journey into Night is somewhat autobiographical. The Tyrones of the play are in fact modeled on the Eugene O' Neill family.The four major characters include James Tyrone, the father, a famousactor, anxious to become rich at the expense of his own talent; MaryTyrone, the mother, a drug addict; Jamie Tyrone, their elder son, andEdmund Tyrone, their younger son. The Mother becomes mentally illbecause she is extremely unhappy with her married life. Young Jamieloses faith in life, while Edmund the wanderer comes back withtuberculosis. All the four suffer frustrations and wish to escape from theharsh reality, James and Jamie look for solace in their cups, while Maryand Edmund seek the protection of the fog which they hope wouldscreen them from the intrusion of the world outside. They meet in theliving room of the family' s summer home at 8:30 a. m. of a day inAugust, 1912, and torment one another and themselves until midnight.The father is angry with the mother for her drug addiction, the motherwith his sons for being good for nothing, and the sons with their parentsfor not being good parents. All are torn in a war between love and hate,and no one is sure which is the stronger emotion. Life is too painful forthem even to try and make sense of it. Edmund ' s desperate advice inface of the horrible burden of Time weighing on people ' s shoulders andcrushing them to the earth is to lose feeling in their cups and stay alwaysdrunk. Thus the long day journeys into night when the tragedy of thefamily is finally enacted. No relief is felt, no light is seen, and all ends inthe engulfing darkness.•In a figurative sense, Long Day' s Journey into Night is a metaphor for Eugene 0' Neill' s lifelong endeavor to find truth and the way toacceptance. The former he found, namely, the faithless, fragmentarynature of modern life, whereas the latter he did not; for him all passedinto night. In despair Eugene O' Neill thought of the old God of theCatholic church on which, it is ironical to not, he had turned his backlong before.3. Talk about Adgar Allan Poe's social outlook and writings （10%）●Poe admired aristocratic society，distrusted the leveling tendency ofdemocracy, and expressed contempt for uplift movements of progress（提高社会地位的进步运动）.He deplored America's increasing industrialization.In his more sardonic comments on democracy, he says that it amounts to the tyranny "of a mob." He could be associated with those literary men in the 1840's and 1850's，who became, in M elville's words , "isolates（孤僻者，与世隔绝者）, " who were (at least in theory)divorced from society. Yet Poe's criticism of contemporary America cut deeper than that of his contemporaries, causing an isolation more nearly absolute than theirs (see Hawthorne). He was more interested in redeeming and refining language.He was called the "great literary engineer."●Poe also dramatizes for us what has been called the demonic side of thenineteenth century. His tales are filled with assassination and non-escape ,with violence and death. Many of his characters are obsessed with a fear of death. Some of them strive to come back from the tomb;others are terrified of being buried alive or in fact are buried alive like Madeline in "The Fall of the House of Usher. "The two obsessions are part of a general fear of retaining consciousness in a world that is dead.●Poe was preoccupied with the disintegration of culture, with decadence. Hegives us a vision of "dehumanized man." P oe’s characters are dead to the world, machines of sensation and will. They are not willing to live in their own skins. For Poe's characters, the body is a mere machine. It refuses to be reconciled to the flesh and its mortal fate.●As a consequence , Poe's characters insist on living with an intensity andfear that has no relation to the limitations imposed by biological and physical laws. They do not seem to eat or drink ,they do not work.Occasionally they read or play on musical instruments. They are constantly musing about their lives. They speak to each other intensely and with passion. They live only in their heads—all a matter of intellect and imagination.●Poe's typical heroines are usually afflicted with mysterious diseases. Theyvisibly waste away before their lovers’ eyes. Their lovers or husbands can see that they are perishing and the heroines themselves are thoroughly aware of it, but the process cannot be halted. But they are not willing to let go of their lovers.●His characters fear the final moment, which constantly threatens them whilethey are alive, since they have no contact with the world of nature or with religion, being just sheer intelligence which is not connected with anything providing life or spiritual fulfillment. One critic has written :"Poe is not interested in anything that is alive. Everything in Poe is dead —the houses, the rooms, the furniture." Death is a predominant theme of Poe's poetry.The setting of "The Raven," his most celebrated poem, is like that of his tales : the unhappy, unresolved lover sits in an elaborately furnished room, trying to find peace from sorrow in his books and conducting a curious dialogue with his midnight visitant ,a black, deathlike symbol—the raven.Death is also the theme of the curious poem, "Ulalume(尤拉鲁姆)" and "The City in the Sea. "Some literary critics suggest that Poe’s intention was to recognize the impulse,always kept hidden, to kill, even to do violence to one's own nature.●Yet if the world of Poe's imagination is haunted by death and if the tales inparticular seem morbid and obsessed, why did they appeal to the audience of Poe's day? And can they have anything to say to us? The answer would have to be that in spite of their fantastic character they do，at some level, reveal what was going on in the psyche of nineteenth century man.Something like a disintegration of personality was occurring in Poe's life time, and the strange horrors that Poe described produced some echoes in the thoughts of his contemporaries. His audience had a craving for the sensational and the shocking. Writers and sensitive thinkers saw man as spiritually gutted),being pushed into an insane, inhuman world created by the rapidly growing process of industrialization.●Strangely enough, however, Poe had a fascination with the power of reason,despite his emphasis on the irrational. In stories like "The Murders in the Rue Morgue" and "The Purloined Letter , " reason is applied to the solution of a baffling crime. Even a few of Poe's tales of nightmare terror come tohappy endings precisely because the hero can think his way through a problem. Though the hero of "The Pit and the Pendulum" cannot, by his unaided efforts, save himself from the death intended for him, he uses his head to keep himself alive until help from the outside comes. In fact, one kind of Poe's characters must be those who are forced to fall back on the resources of one's mind.●Just as he was fascinated with the process of reason, Poe was interested inthe deviousness(曲折) of the human soul. He placed emphasis on how the unconscious motivates human beings, not unlike the Romantics of his day, but to a greater extent. Unlike the Romantics, Poe examined irrational drives; he wanted to bring reason to bear on areas which, in his time, were regarded as lying beyond its boundaries or else were ignored altogether. In other words, Poe used his reason to discover the source of the irrational.This is especially evident in "Tell-Tale Heart."●Poe's tragic life and his concentration on death were his extreme and poeticresponse to that which was elaborated upon, in naturalistic terms, fifty years later. He was unusually sensitive to the world of his own day, affected by it intensely ，causing his isolation. Though he wanted to find his place in a traditional society, his failure to do so may well have heightened his sense of lonely individualism. It is this sense of alienation which has carried itself through the greatest of literature in America.4. Comment on Hawthorne’s style.（10%）●His style is also noteworthy for his frequent use of images. Metaphors andsimiles abound, most of them stirringly fresh and effective. He makes skillful use of colors as a means for conveying mood. Black ,red and gray predominate.●Hawthorne's sentences, like his language, show the effects of his long yearsof study and practice in writing. There are few of the awkward sentences which may be found in Cooper. The sentences may appear, to a twentieth century reader, to be too consistently long. But they were not abnormally long for their day. In the most complex sentences ,however, grammatical subordination is employed with sufficient logic and variety to make the writing smooth and clear.●Another reflection of the times in which Hawthorne wrote is seen in hispunctuation. Many of his works are over-punctuated, by modern standards;there are superfluous commas, excessive dashes, and far too many exclamation points. In most cases his words are forceful enough to achieve the emphasis he desires, and the attempt to show such emphasis by using exclamation points is not necessary. But Hawthorne cannot be condemned for following the mechanical conventions of his day.●Hawthorne depends heavily on summarized historical narrative, but linksscenes dramatically. Occasionally, he will interrupt his works to address the reader directly, with some comment on the story, some piece of background information, or a brief moral essay.● A characteristic device of Hawthorne’s，which is employed several timesin The Scarlet Letter, is the "optional reading, " Hawthorne uses concrete objects as well as characters to serve as his symbols. He concentrates on a few main symbols repeated often in the story, and uses the fluidity of character development to illustrate the ways in which symbols grow and change based upon one's perception of them.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2012-2013学年第二学期
《美国文学》期末考试试卷（A卷）
专业：英语年级：2010级考试方式：闭卷学分：2 考试时间：110分钟
I．Multiple Choices(每小题 1分，共20分)
Directions: Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question.
II．Explain the Following Literary Terms Briefly (每小题7分，共14分) Directions: Please write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.
Local Colorism
Transcendentalism
III．Identification of Fragments (每小题7分，共21分)
Directions: Please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly comment on it in English. Please write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.
23. “…That‟s right.‟ He said; …I‟m no good now. I was all right. I had money. I‟m going to quit this,‟ and, with death in his heart, he started down toward the Bowery. People had turned on the gas before and died; why shouldn‟t he? He remembered a lodging house where there were little, close rooms, with gas-jet in them, almost pre-arranged, he thought, for what he wanted to do, which rented for fifteen cents. Then he remembered that he had no fifteen cents.”
25. “Her skeleton was small and spare; perhaps that was why that would have been merely plumpness in another was obesity in her. She looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that pallid hue.
24. “…Mr. Gatz, I thought you might want to take the body West.‟
He shook his head. …Jimmy always liked it better down East. He rose up to his position in the East. Were you a friend of my boy‟s, Mr. -?‟
…We were close friends.‟
…He had a big future before him, you know. He was only a young man, but he had a lot of brain power here.”
25. “Two were lying open-eyed in sawdust; a third pumped blood down the dress of the main one- the woman schoolteacher bragged about, the one he said made fine ink, damn good soup, pressed his collars they way he liked besides having at least ten breeding years left.
IV. Short Essay Questions(每小题10分，共 30 分)
Directions: Please write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.
V．Appreciating a Literary Work(计 15 分)
Directions: In this part, you are required to write a commentary paper in no less than 100 words.Please write it on the Answer Sheet.。