2017高考英语闵行二模试卷
闵行区2016学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分, 试卷共12页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上, 做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前, 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At 12:30. B. At 13:00. C. At 13:30. D. At 14:00.2. A. In a hospital. B. In a police station.C. In a garage.D. In a post-office.3. A. Wash clothes. B. Clean the backyard.C. Sit in the backyard.D. Enjoy the tea.4. A. He doesn’t want to watch TV tonight. B. He prefers to watch the baseball game.C. He’d rather see the movie.D. He hasn’t decided what to watch tonight.5. A. How to check computer files. B. How to write computer programs.C. How to apply for a computer course.D. How to assemble a computer.6. A. She thinks it wrong to choose either of the books.B. She finds it difficult to choose one from the two books.C. She thinks either of the books will be Ok.D. She doesn’t like either of the two books.7. A. The application has been delayed for a week.B. The job has been offered to someone else.C. The man is not suitable for the position.D. The man lacks the relevant experience.8. A. Ambitious. B. Diligent. C. Aggressive. D. Considerate.9. A. She is strict with discipline. B. She has missed some lessons.C. She can’t give good lessons.D. She fails to behave herself.10. A. Working conditions should be improved for the employees.B. The employees should be satisfied with the present working conditions.C. He doesn’t think the employees should have the protest.D. He is doubtful about the effect of the employees’ action.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.11. A. A jewelry shop. B. Shops in the City Mall.C. A parked truck.D. A driver in the parking lot.12. A. Leave the truck together. B. Run back to the truck without helmets.C. Run back to the truck separately.D. Leave the truck without helmets.13. A. The truck was originally painted white.B. The truck had no registration plate.C. The truck disappeared from the parking lot.D. The truck was covered with silver material.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. In order to protect the weak and old ones.B. In order to show beautiful shape of them.C. In order to maintain physical strength.D. In order to keep teamwork spirit.15. A. How the birds decide the order of the group.B. How the birds decide the route of the group.C. How the birds decide the time of flying of the group.D. How the birds decide who takes charge of the group.16. A. Birds’ ability to keep order. B. Birds’ flying pattern as a team.C. Birds’ intention to migrate.D. Birds’ skills to tell directions.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Beautiful scenery in the countryside. B. Cross-country skiing.C. Dangers of winter sports.D. Pain and pleasure in sports.18. A. He can’t find good examples to illustrate his point.B. He can’t find a peaceful pl ace to do the assignment.C. He can’t decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.D. He doesn’t know how to describe the beautiful country scenery.19. A. New ideas come up as you write. B. Much time is spent on collecting data.C. It’s hard to find a proper topic.D. The writer’s point of view often changes.20. A. How to revise a paper in an academic manner.B. How to polish your arguments in a paper.C. How to tell the main ideas in a paper effectively.D. How to decide on relevant content for a paper.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One steamy July afternoon in central Arkansas, I was working on an important project in my home office. My trusty printer was busy producing an important report (21) ______ it simply stopped. After fifteen minutes of trying to repair, I decided to buy a new printer. Upon my return, my heart froze to see my house on fire.(22) ______ having spent much of my life writing, I was speechless when facing this situation. I was lost for adequate words (23) ______ (describe) the sick, sinking feeling of seeing my home, business, and belongings going up in flames along with photographs and memories (24) ______ (collect) over a lifetime. But the panic that filled my shocked heart in that awful moment was for the nine cats that shared my home after (25) ______ (rescue) from situations of ill-treatment and abandonment.Responding to an early security-system warning, the amazing firefighters arrived immediately, (26) ______ the chemical smoke had already caused deaths. I examined and kissed each cat goodbye, extremely grateful that they had passed gently, without injuries or burns.Only animal lovers really understand the unbelievable impact (27) ______ the loss of one beloved four-legged family member can have on your heart, mind and soul. The loss of so many dearly loved creatures sent me in great sorrow.After staying with a friend of mine for a couple of weeks, I was relocated to a furnished apartment. One evening, about a month after moving in, I (28) ______ (occupy) in writing a mystery novel, and at that time a “meow” sounded from outside the apartment door. Was it my mind playing tricks again? More than once I had heard, seen or felt the brush of one of mydeparted furry roommates. The meow grew louder and more repetitive. Curious, I opened the door.Sitting on the doorstep was a kitten with a black coat and alert eyes. A neighbor (29) ______ (walk) by picked him up and began petting him. When I remarked how cute her kitten was, she explained that it had been born under a bridge and looked around for food. This kitty-loving neighbor was quick to offer an extra litter box if I was interested in giving him a home. My immediate reaction was: “that’s all I need!” without hesitation she put the cute kitten down. I thanked her and closed the door, determined to just let him stay (30) ______ a real home could be found.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as a(n) 31 result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language—all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.By 32 , the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as we 33 new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends. There are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a 34 to take risks. And we are supposed to be ready to face the 35 , and to accept the possibility that we may “fail” at first. How we see ou rselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we’re 36 and shy? Then our 37 of shyness can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we’re slow to adapt to change or that we’re not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? If so, then we are likely to take a more 38 role or not try at all.These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. We will 39 to grow, if we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, and if we protect ourselves too much. We become 40 inside a shell of our own making.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.To Apologize or Not to ApologizeWhy difficult?When we do wrong to someone we know, even not 41 , we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when we’re acting as leaders, the circumstances are 42 . The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the43 but also at the level of the institution. It is a performance in which every word or expression 44 ,as they become part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness.Why now?The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more 45 . During the last decade or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology culture—apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more 46 than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of 47 apologies. Meanwhile, more and more articles, advice columns, and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of 48 apologies. Although they are not carried out in the public places, we can’t neglect the importance of this performance.Why 49 ?Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult, embarrassing, and even risky? Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target for 50 . They are expected to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be a strong 51 . Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so.Why refuse?Why is it that leaders so often try every means to 52 apologies, even when a public apology seems to be in order? Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public figures, their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even 53 risky. Apologies can be signals for admitting mistakes and mistakes can be an indication of job insecurity. Leaders may also be afraid that 54 of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. There can be good reasons for hanging tough (硬撑) in tough situations, as we shall see, but it is a high-risk 55 .41. A. immediately B. intentionally C. occasionally D. accidentally42. A. simple B. ridiculous C. abnormal D. different43. A. individual B. company C. family D. society44. A. conflicts B. matters C. appeals D. deceives45. A. urgent B. risky C. boring D. simple46. A. interestedly B. patiently C. frequently D. hopefully47. A. faithful B. reliable C. confusing D. public48. A. sincere B. acceptable C. private D. positive49. A. bother B. reduce C. regret D. ignore50. A. promotion B. criticism C. appreciation D. identification51. A. personality B. will C. reason D. desire52. A. attempt B. involve C. commit D. avoid53. A. politically B. professionally C. academically D. physically54. A. avoidance B. admission C. involvement D. elimination55. A. fulfillment B. statement C. occupation D. strategySection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)If your in-box is currently reporting unread messages in the hundreds or thousands, you might have a hard time believing the news: e-mail is on the decline.At first thought, that might seem to be the case. The incoming generation, after all, doesn’t do e-mail. Oh, they might have an account. They use it only as we would use a fax machine: as a means to communicate with old-school folks like their parents or to fulfill the sign-up requirements of Web sites. They rarely check it, though.Today’s instant electronic memos—such as texting and Facebook and Twitter messages—are more direct, more concentrated, more efficient. They go without the salutation (称呼语) and the signoff (签收); we already know the “to” and “from.” Many corporations are moving to messaging networks for exactly that reason: more signal, less noise and less time. This trend is further evidence that store-and-forward systems such as e-mail and voicemail are outdated. Instead of my leaving you a lengthy message that you pick up later, I can now send you an easily-read message that you can read—and respond to—on the go.The coming of the mobile era is responsible for the decline of e-mail. Instant written messages bring great convince to people. They can deal with them at about any time: before a movie, in a taxi, waiting for lunch. And because these messages are very brief, they’re suitable for smart phone typing.Does this mean e-mail is on its way to the dustbin of digital history? Not necessarily. E-mail still has certain advantages. On the other hand, tweets and texts feel ephemeral—you read them, then they’re gone, into an endless string, e-mail still feels like something you have and that you can file, search and return to later. It’s easy to imagine that it will continue tofeel more appropriate for formal communications: agreements, important news, longer explanations.So, e-mail won’t go away completely. Remember, we’ve been through a transition (过度) like this not so long ago: when e-mail was on the rise, people said that postal mail was dead. That’s not how it works. Postal mail found its smaller market, and so will e-mail. New technology rarely replaces old one completely; it just adds new alternatives.56. What would the incoming generation like to do with their e-mail accounts?A. Check bank accounts.B. Send long messages.C. Fill in some forms.D. Communicate with their colleagues.57. Which of the following is mainly discussed in paragraphs 3 and 4?A. The possible reasons behind the decline of e-mailB. The likes and dislikes of the young generationC. The rapid development of e-communication channelsD. Evidence about the uncertain future of easily-consumed messages58. What does the underlined word “ephemeral” in paragraph 5 mean?A. Automatically-sendingB. Randomly-writtenC. Hardly- recognizedD. Shortly-appearing59. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. It’s too early to determine the decline of e-mail.B. E-mail has reasons to exist with its own advantages.C. E-mail, just like postal mail has come to its end.D. We should feel sorry for the decline of e-mail.(B)60. The Fox News review mentioned the first party scene in the film to ________.A. reveal the fact that Nick wants to know more about GatsbyB. show the version of Rhapsody in Blue matches the film wellC. prove that the director is good at combining visual and musicD. convince us that the first scene is perfectly filmed by the director61. According to Time Magazine, what did Baz Luhrmann do to make the film a success?A. He adapted the story in the novel as he wished.B. He made the film more powerful than the book.C. He mixed his style with the elegance of the book.D. He changed the story to meet his own style.62. Which of the following can be used to describe Gatsby?A. Faithful and warm-hearted.B. Charming and professional.C. Selfish and timid.D. Mysterious and devoted.(C)The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately merciful reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination. Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, itsprevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense.There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend. It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients, colleagues, and government.The behaviours under question are multifactorial in origin. There are familial (家庭的), religious, and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school. For example, countries, cultures, and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are very normal. There are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is common; there are homes which cultivate young people with high standards of moral behaviour and others which leave moral training to the harmful influence of television and the market place.Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society. The selection process of medical students might be expected to favour applicants with positive moral behaviour. Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for cultivating future doctors with moral sensitivity. Unfortunately there are troubling data that suggest that during medical school the moral behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve; indeed, moral development may actually stop or even regress (倒退).It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example on moral behaviour. Medical schools must do something to make sure that their students are expected to be clear from day one. The development of a school’s culture of moral behaviour requires cooperation with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and developing. Moreover, the school’s examination system and general treatment of students must be fair. Finally, the treatment of infractions (违规) must be firm, fair, transparent (透明的).63. What does the author say about cheating in medical schools?A. Extensive research has been done about this phenomenon.B. We have sufficient data to prove that prevention is possible.C. We know that this phenomenon exists in every medical school.D. We still need more reliable data to know how serious it is.64. According to the author, it is important to prevent cheating in medical schools because________.A. the medical profession is based on trust.B. there is zero tolerance of cheating in medicine.C. the medical profession depends on the government.D. cheating exists extensively in medical schools.65. Which of the following statements will the author probably agree with?A. Medical schools should make a less competitive environment for students.B. Outstanding people should create a set of moral standards to be followed.C. Medical students should be positive in creating and preserving moral behavior.D. We should focus on the cause-and-effect of the cheating in exams in medical schools.66. Which of the following can be implied from the passage?A. It makes little sense to talk about medical school student cheating in exams.B. Medical schools haven’t been doing well to help student s develop morally.C. Cheating in exams is tolerable outside of medical school circle.D. Elimination of exams helps cultivate healthier characters of medical school students.Section CDirections: Read the following passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The worst time to look for a job is when you feel desperate and must have a new one immediately. 67 If you are not in need of an immediate career change, here are ways you can improve your long-term career prospects today:Identify at least two different roles. You do not have to be qualified for these positions today, nor do they have to exist in your company. However, these roles should be related to your current skill set. They are career options that look interesting. 68 Pay close attention to what appeals to you, and write it down. This will give insight into your motivations and targets.Subscribe to a career specific magazine. Knowledge is power in the workplace. All businesses must stay relevant to their customers in order to win the competitions and increase revenue (收益). Reading about industry trends, advancements and success stories keeps youin touch with market conditions. This information allows you to see which companies and professionals are leading the pack. You can follow their examples in your own workplace.69Do exceptional work. In any role, there is a way to perform at your best. Look for ways to deliver a top performance. Show up early, be flexible to new assignments, have a positive attitude, cooperate with other departments, pay attention to the little details.Be professionally curious. Talk to people about their careers. Learn more about how success is measured in other roles, departments and companies. Ask people their thoughts on different industries. 70 People hire people. You never know what connections may be relevant when you start your next job search, so develop a habit of making good connections no matter where you go. Take the time to learn about others, and be helpful when you can.As in all things in life, getting in front of a difficult task early is always less stressful than reacting to a career surprise. Changing jobs is to be expected. No matter how secure you feel today, the time will come when either you or your employer decide it is time to change.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.There are various means consumers can do if they find that an item they bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer’s claims. A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expec t it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work”. The store ma nager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer’s rights.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 看孩子们在沙滩上打排球很有趣。
2017届上海市各区高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解C篇--学生版(已校对)
Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Culture can affect not just language and customs, but also how people experience the world on surprisingly basic levels.Researchers, with the help of brain scans, have uncovered shockingdifferences in perception(感知) between Westerners and Asians, whatthey see when they look at a city street, for example, or even how theyperceive a simple line in a square, according to findings published in aleading science journal.In western countries, culture makes people think of themselves ashighly independent entities (实体). When looking at scenes, Westernerstend to focus more on central objects than on their surroundings. EastAsian cultures, however, emphasize inter-dependence. When Easterners look at a scene, they tend to focus on surroundings as well as the object.Using an experiment involving two tasks, Dr Hedden asked subjects to look at a line simply to estimate its length, a task that is played to American strengths. In another, they estimated the line’s length relative to the size of a square, an easier task for the Asians.The level of brain activity, by tracking blood flow, was then measured by Brain Scanners. The experiment found that although there was no difference in performance, and the tasks were very ea sy, the levels of activity in the subjects’ brains were different. For the Americans, areas linked to attention lit up more, when they worked on the task they tended to find more difficult -- estimating the line’s size relative to the square. For the Asian s, the attention areas lit up more during the harder task also -- estimating the line’s length without comparing it to the square. The findings are a reflection of more than ten years of previous experimental research into east-west differences.In one study, for instance, researchers offered people a choice among five pens; four red andone green. Easterners were more likely to choose a red pen while Westerners were more likely to choose the green one.Culture is not affecting how you see the world, but how you choose to understand and internalize (使内化) it. But such habits can be changed. Some psychological studies suggest that when an Easterner goes to the West or vice versa, habits of thought and perception also begin to change. Such research gives us clues on how our brain works and is hopeful for us to develop programs to improve our memory, memory techniques and enhance and accelerate our learning skills.63. According to the passage, Chinese people are most likely to _____.A. more emphasize independent thinkingB. always focus more on their surroundingsC. focus more on the context as well as the objectD. think of Westerners as highly independent entities64. We know from the passage that people’s brains will be more active when _____.A. the task is much easierB. the blood flow is trackedC. people begin to choose colorsD. the task is more difficult65. What do the findings of the experiments mentioned in the passage indicate?A. They indicate that culture has a great impact on the way people talk and behave.B. They show that Easterners and Westerners have great differences in perceiving the world.C. They suggest that people’s habits of thought and perception can be changed in differentcultures.D. They make it clear that Easterners and Westerners lay emphasis on different things.66. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. Easterners prefer collectivism to individualismB. East Asian cultures lay more emphasis on independenceC. It took over ten years to find out how to improve our brainpowerD. Americans will change their habits of perception when they’re in BritainDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(C)Naquela Wright’s life took an unexpected turn when she lost her eyesight as a teenager, but even when her world became dark, the New Jersey resident didn’t want to quit social media.Using Facebook was a challenge at first. Diagnosed in 2010 with pseudotumor cerebri, a rare health condition in which pressure increases around the brain and can result in the loss of vision, Wright learned how to use a screen reader to read the site through the touch of the keyboard and sound of a robotic voice. Still, when a friend sends her a photo, Wright often has no clue what the image shows.Now Facebook is trying to solve this problem by exploiting the power of artificial intelligence to create new tools that not only describe items in a photo but allows users to ask what’s in an image.“I can have a basic picture in my mind of what’s going on in the picture and now I can comment on my own,” said Wright, who got to try out the new tools that are still being tested. “Of course, it’s different, but it’s something more than I had.”An estimated 285 million people are visually disabled globally, according to the World Health Organization, and research conducted by Facebook showed that blind users have trouble figuring out what’s in a photo because the description isn’t clear or doesn’t exist.Facebook has made it easier to skim through the content on its website with a screen reader by improving HTML headings, adding alternative text for images, launching keyboard shortcuts, and more. Using artificial intelligence to describe photos is only a part of these ongoing efforts.W ith 1.5 billion users, Facebook isn’t the only social media company that wants to improve its website for the visually disabled. Along with Facebook and other major tech firms, Twitter and LinkedIn have their own accessibility teams and belong to an initia tive called “Teaching Accessibility”.Jeff Wieland, Facebook’s head of accessibility engineering, said the group wants to educate more engineers, especially early in college, about designing products that are compatible with the disabled and others. “We really don’t want accessibility to be the luxury of a handful of companies,” Wieland said. “We want everything around the world to be built with accessibility in63. What tool helps the visually disabled to read Facebook?A. A screen reader.B. A special keyboard.C. A helpful robot.D. HTML headings.64. What can be inferred from the passage about the new tool created by Facebook?A. It adds a lot of shortcuts on the keyboard.B. It helps users to employ their senses other than sight.C. It meets no competitors with its advanced technology.D. It inspires more engineers to explore artificial intelligence.65. The underlined phrase in the last paragraph “are compatible with” most probably means __________.A. are unaffordable toB. bring harm toC. keep company ofD. well suit66. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. Screen reader: tool to access social mediaB. Ongoing efforts: strength to improve websitesC. Artificial intelligence: power to help the blindD. Teaching accessibility: initiative to educate engineersSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)On the occasional clear-frost autumn night, I was hiking through the dark forest with my GMO wolf. Yes, my best friend is a genetically modified organism（转基因生物）; deliberate selection has produced the blunt-toothed, small-pawed wonder that walks by my side.Our world is changing rapidly. In the last five decades, global population has fully doubled, with 3.7 billion hungry mouths added to our planet. During this same time span, the amount of land suitable for agriculture has increased by only 5%. Miraculously, this did not result in the great global famine（饥荒）one might have predicted.How do scientists modify a plant so that it makes more food than its parents did? We could treat each harvest like a litter of wolf pups and select only plants bearing the fattest, richest seeds for the next season. This was the method our ancestors used to engineer rice, corn and wheat from the wild grasses they encountered.During my childhood, advances in genetic technologies allowed scientists to identify and clone the genes responsible for repressing stem growth, leading to shorter, stronger stalks that could bear more seed—the high-yield crops that feed us today. The 21st century has brought with it a marvelous new set of high-tech tools with which to further quicken the process of artificial selection. Plant geneticists can now directly edit out or edit in sections of DNA using molecular scissors. We can minimize a plant’s weaknesses while adding to its strengths, and we don’t have to wait for seasons to pass to test the result.It is the transformative potential of these techniques to quickly supply the next-generation crops required for upcoming climate change that has led me to believe in the safety and function of GMO plants in agricultural products. We need more GMO research to feed the world that we are creating.I love the quiet forest that stands between my lab and my home. But I know that as a scientist, I am responsible first to humanity. We must feed, shelter and nurture one another as our first priority, and to do so, we must take advantage of our best technologies, which have always included some type of genetic modification. We must continue as before, nourishing the future as we feed ourselves, and each year plant only the very best of what we have collectively engineered.I keep the faith of my ancestors each night when I walk through the forest to my lab, and my GMO wolf does the same when she guards my way home.63. Why does the author mention the wolf in the 1st paragraph?A. To advise people to keep wolves as petsB. To persuade readers to welcome the new technologyC. To change people’s attitude towards wolvesD. To introduce a technology used to humans’ advantage64. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. GMO technology will help weatherproof future crops.B. With GMO technology, famine has been eliminated.C. Artificial selections make high-yield plants possible.D. The author believes technology should contribute to future generations.65. What can be learned about modifying a plant?A. It takes scientists seasons to know whether their selection is correct.B. One way for ancestors to change a plant was to clone some genes.C. Modern techniques help speed up the artificial selection by altering DNA.D. The general public show strong faith in GMO plants.66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. GMO Technology—Turning Wolves into the Best PetsB. Engineered Food—Feeding Future GenerationsC. Engineered Food—To Be or Not To BeD. GMO Technology—A Driving Force in World PeaceSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.（C）Since quitting can start feelings such as guilt and shame, we often do everything possible to avoid it. “We’re taught from our earli e st days that if you quit something. It means you’re a failure,”says counseling psychologist Will Meek. He, how ever, suggests we view quitting differently.Quitting is like deciding to rearrange a room: you’ve grown comfortable with the status, and it can be hard to picture the end result or even see why change is necessary. And yet, there’s the upsetting feeling that you’re no longer entirely satisfied with your current circumstances, perhaps even that you’ve stopped making progress. While it’s not out of the question for feeling or regret to surface after a major refit, leaving a position, project or situation can reveal exciting possibilities, making you feel inspired and renewed.Quitting, often happens in situations where we’re unhappy, fearful or have determined we have no other choice, factors that can have opposing effects on our health. Perhaps you find yourwork unfulfilling, or you’ve jumped into a new relationship before you’re ready —and, as a result, you’re operating under intense pressure.“If stress is enduring and not managed well, it can start to take a toll.”says Meek. According to the American Psychological Association, long-term, ongoing stress can increase the risk for high blood pressure and heart attack, so walking away from whatever is causing it can deliver significant physical and emotional health be nefits.“We often see a reduction in the stress hormone cortisol（应激激素皮质醇）, which can lower blood pressure and may even decrease the heart rate,”says Dr Alex Lickerman, a GP and expert on developing mental adaptability.Leaving situations that fail to bring you joy can leave you with sufficient time to explore where your heart is truly leading you. In a study that was published in 1999, then Harvard University professor Hermina Ibarra looked at how bankers tried different roles that required new skill sets—someone who spent a lot of time dealing with computers, for instance, was asked to take on personal interactions. Subjects were especially drawn to acting out a version of their future solves through ‘imitation strategies’—an approach they compared to ‘trying on different clothes,’ Mark Franklin, the president of CareerCyles, suggests a similar approach as a way to figure out what your true desires might be in your post-quitting life and foresee your future self.“Pretend to be a certain kind of person, or go and meet others who are doing what you want to do.”he says,“Try it on, see how it feels and decide if it’s a good fit for you.”It may not feel like it at the time, but just moving on from a situation that’s not quite right can help you g et back on track.63. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that quitting may bring us feelings of being both _______.A. guilty and ashamedB. stupid and enthusiasticC. troubled and hopefulD. inspired and determined64. The phrase“take a toll”（paragraph 3）can be best replaced by“_________”.A. develop mental adaptabilityB. bring about changesC. keep up the pressureD. have a bad effect65. An approach suggested by Mark Franklin similar to ‘trying on different clothes’ is for ___________.A. helping people find what truly suits them in careerB. telling capable employees from inadequate onesC. training employees to acquire different working skillsD. providing people with opportunities to have a role play66. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.A. quitting is track that only the timid will choose to followB. personal interaction can be must for reducing emotional pressureC. mental adaptability can be improved by the stress hormone cortisolD. knowing when to stop is wise and may make dreams happenSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.CIt could be said that the age of adventure peaked with Sir Everest Shackletonthe moment his ship, the Endurance, become hopelessly locked in ice on its wayto Antarctica in January 1915. For ten months the 28 men aboard Shackleton’sship waited and prayed for ice to break. When it finally did, the Endurance sank,leaving the crew homeless and adrift on a sea of ice in one of the world’s mostdangerous environments.In January 2000 a luxury ocean liner found itself similarly trapped in the cold waters off Antarctica. Argentine authorities sent off an icebreaker straight away from the nearest naval base, and in 24 hour s, all 176 passengers and crew were free. The tour company’s spokesperson spun the potential disaster as a value-added reward in extreme travel. “The people on board are looking at this as sort of a great adventure,” she said.Ever since Jon Krakauer’s b ook Into Thin Air made Everest a household name, the subculture of adventure has blown up like a Himalayan avalanche(雪崩) into public consciousness. Magazines promise “extreme” content, television, offers adventure programs, and the growing collective fasci nation with adventure has produced a flow of published accounts about the world’s greatest adventurous journey. Nowadays more and more people are interested in adventure and this mass appeal makes good business sense. Today the only thing blocking a would-be adventurer’s passage to Antarctica is the cost---- which typically runs well over $10,000.Despite very different implications, adventure was just as popular in Shackleton’s time. He has little trouble filling the Endurance----5,000 men are said to have responded to his recruitment(招募) notice: “Men wanted for risky journey. Small wages. Bitter cold. Long months of complete darkness. Constant danger. Safe return doubtful.”After five months drifting on ice, the crew were forced to take to their lifeboats to Elephant Island. Reaching the wasteland, Shackleton went on with one lifeboat and five of his best men 1,300 kilometers across the bone-chilly Scotia Sea to South Georgia Island. Shivering with cold, dressed in rags, Shackleton marched into a whaling station and set about organizing a rescue expedition to Elephant Island. Almost two years after becoming shipwrecked on ice, Shackleton picked up his crew. “Not a life lost, and we have been through hell,” he remarked earnestly.63. We can learn from the first sentence of this passage that _______.A. the age of adventure began with the ship Endurance trapped in iceB. Shackleton’s adventure marked the highest point of pure explorationC. the age of adventure ended with the ship Endurance trapped in iceD. Shackleton’s adventure predicted that the golden age of exploration was approaching64. The word “spun” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “_______”.A. summed upB. judgedC. boasted aboutD. referred to65. Since Jon Krakauer’s book was published _______.A. the media have got interested in the topic of adventureB. the costs of extreme travel have gone upC. Everest has got its name known to EuropeD. people have got fascinated by Himalayan avalanches59. The adventure in Shackleton’s time has different implications from today’s in that _______.A. Shackleton’s adventure lasted longer then any other adventure nowadaysB. n o one was missing during Shackleton’s adventureC. Shackleton’s adventure was entirely for the sake of adventureD. Shackleton enrolled volunteers more easilySection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately merciful reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination. Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, its prevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense.There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend. It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients, colleagues, and government.The behaviours under question are multifactorial in origin. There are familial(家庭的), religious, and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school. For example, countries, cultures, and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are very normal. There are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is common; there are homes which cultivate young people with high standards of moral behaviour and others which leave moral training to the harmful influence of television and the market place.Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society. The selection process of medical students might be expected to favour applicants with positive moral behaviour. Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for cultivating future doctors with moral sensitivity. Unfortunately there are troubling data that suggest that during medical school the moral behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve; indeed, moral development may actually stop or even regress (倒退).It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example on moral behaviour. Medical schools must do something to make sure that their students are expected to be clear from day one. The development of a school’s cult ure of moral behaviour requires cooperation with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and developing. Moreover, the school’s examination system and general treatment of students must be fair. Finally, the treatment of infractions (违规) must be firm, fair, transparent (透明的).63. What does the author say about cheating in medical schools?A. Extensive research has been done about this phenomenon.B. We have sufficient data to prove that prevention is possible.C. We know that this phenomenon exists in every medical school.D. We still need more reliable data to know how serious it is.64. According to the author, it is important to prevent cheating in medical schools because________.A. The medical profession is based on trustB. There is zero tolerance of cheating in medicineC. The medical profession depends on the governmentD. Cheating exists extensively in medical schools65. Which of the following statements will the author probably agree with?A. Medical schools should make a less competitive environment for students.B. Outstanding people should create a set of moral standards to be followed.C. Medical students should be positive in creating and preserving moral behavior.D. We don’t know the cause-and-effect of the examination cheating in medical school.66. Which of the following can be implied from the passage?A. It makes little sense to talk about medical school student cheating in exams.B. Medical schools haven’t been doing well t o help students develop morally.C. Cheating in exams is tolerable outside of medical school circle.D. Elimination of exams helps cultivate healthier characters of medical school students.Section BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（C）There is plenty of complaints about how social media-texting in particular—may be harming children’s social and intellectual development. But a new study suggests that constant instantmessaging (IM’ing) and texting among teens may also provide benefits, particularly for those who are introverted (内向的).British researchers studied instant messages exchanged by 231 teens, aged 14 to 18. All of the participants were “regular” or “extensive” IM’ers. In the U. S., two thirds of teens use instant messaging services regularly, with a full third messaging at least once every day.The researchers analyzed 150 conversations in the study, and reported the results in the journal Computers in Human Behavior. In 100 of these chats, the study participant began IM'ing while in a negative emotional state such as sadness, distress or anger. The rest were conversations begun when the participant was feeling good or neutral. After the chat, participants reported about a 20% reduction in their distress—not enough to completely eliminate it, but enough to leave them feeling better than they had before reaching out.“Our findings suggest that IM'ing between distressed adolescents and their peers may provide emotional relief and consequently contribute to their well-being,” the authors write, noting that prior research has shown that people assigned to talk to a stranger either in real life or online improved their mood in both settings, but even more with IM. And people who talk with their real-life friends online also report feeling closer to them than those who just communicate face-to-face, implying a strengthening of their bond.Why would digital communication do better than human contact? The reasons are complex, but may have something to do with the fact that users can control expression of sadness and other emotions via IM without revealing emotional elements like tears that some may consider as embarrassing or sources of discomfort. Studies also show that the anonymity (匿名) of writing on a device blankets the users in a sense of safety that may cause people to feel more comfortable in sharing and discussing their deepest and most authentic feelings. Prior research has shown that expressive writing itself can “vent”emotions and provide a sense of relief—and doing so, knowing that your words are reaching a sympathetic friend, may provide even more comfort and potentially be therapeutic. Researchers also found that introverted participants reported more relief from IM conversations when they were distressed than extroverts did. Susan Cain, author of Quiet wrote recently for TIME: Introverts are often brimming over with thoughts and care deeply for their friends, family and colleagues. But even the most socially skilled introverts sometimes long for a free pass from socializing or talking on the phone. This is what the Internet offers: the chance to connect—but in measured doses and from behind a screen.63. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Teens are more likely to send instant messages when feeling distressed.B. Instant messaging can help completely remove teens’ negative emotions.C. Chat via instant messaging services makes participants feel good or calm.D. Constant instant messaging can help teens control their negative emotions.64. The underlined word “vent” in paragraph 5 most probably means_________.A. controlB. maintainC. releaseD. conceal65. What does the digital communication enable users to do?A. Find more sympathetic friends.B. Share and discuss more information.C. Produce more expressive writings.D. Avoid embarrassment and discomfort.66. What can be concluded from the new study by British researchers?A. Instant messaging will prevent children’s social and intellectual development.B. Introverted teens may benefit from constant instant messaging.C. Teens feeling bad often feel closer to real-life friends than to the net friends.D. American teens aged 14 to 18 are extensive instant messaging users.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Scots are more likely to drink themselves to death than people from any other nation in Western Europe except Austria and Portugal. Every day, six Scots die from alcohol-related conditions. Our hospitals and health services struggle with the wider damage. An estimated 51,600 Scots suffer from drink-related illness. Incidence of liver disease has shot up 40 percent in the past seven years. Most knife attacks and most adult murders occur under the influence of alcohol. And drink abuse (嗜酒) has ruined thousands of families, a personal, psychological and social cost on。
2017上海英语二模语法易错题
2017年二模考试题型一、闵行区1.--Why don’t you choose the red tie?--For me, it doesn’t ______ my shirt very well.A.fixB.acceptpareD.match2.Many young people enjoy drinking coffee while _____ prefer to drink tea.A.othersB.otherC.anotherD.the others3.--_____ is fifteen minus five?--Fifteen minus five is ten.A.How longB.How soonC.How muchD.How often4.The two men used to argue with each other to prove who is _______.A.strongB.strongerC.strongestD.the strongest5.Beijing has made history in winning the bids to host both the summer______ winter Olympic games.A.butB.orC.soD.and6.He’d rather _____ the underground to the city center because it’s fast and convenient.A. to takeB.takingC.takes take7.Stop _____. It is easier to cut your friends off than help.A. to complainplainplainingplained8.Many people _____ the new president and don’t agree to his new laws.(like)9.John didn’t have his dinner and went to bed last night.( 保持句意不变)John ______ to bed _______ his dinner last night.10.They got up early in the morning to see the sunrise.(对划线部分提问)______ ______ they get up early in the morning?二、奉贤区1.The UK is ______European country and China is _____ Asian country.A.an,anB.a,aC.a,anD.an,a2.IOC has recently decided that 2002 Beijing Winter Olympic will be held ______ November and December.A.forB.onC.inD.at3.Peter often talks ______ but does _____. So everyone says he is a good boy.A.little,muchB.few,muchC.more,littleD.little,many4.We should never be pleased with book knowledge .We also need practical ______.A.actionB.abilityC.skillD.experience5.When having a fire drill, we _____ run downstairs.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.may not6.While Jenny ______ letters in her office, Jessica was watching a game on the Net.A.typedB.was typingC.had typedD.would type7.Before he went to Beijing, he _____ in Hong Kong for four years.A.has studiedB.studiesC.studiedD.had studied8.There are so many kinds of T-shirts.We can’t decide ________.A.to chooseB.what to sayC.which one to chooseD.to buy9.The headmaster often suggests ______ on both sides of the paper.A.writeB.writesC.writingD.to write10.---Many people like to post photos of themselves on Facebook or We-Chat!---___________.A.But I don’t think it’s safe.B.It’s their pleasure.C.OK. I’ll take your advice.D.Let me have a look at them.11.---Thank you for your delicious dumplings, Jenny!---__________.A.Don’t say so.B.It’s my pleasure.C.I’m glad that you enjoyed them.D.You’re welcome.12.Mike’s hobby is playing basketball.______ is listening to the music.(I)13.Congratulations!You are the ______ visitor today and you can get a big prize.(hundred)14.Jerry ______ in winning the race at the school sports meeting last week.(success)15.There’s little food in the fridge，______ ______?(改为反意疑问句)16.Abner followed Eric’s advice to design this smart robot.( 对划线部分提问)_______ advice ______ Abner followe to design this smart robot?17.I am not able to finish this article within three days.( 保持句意不变)_____ is ______ for me to finish this article within three days.18.She said sorry to Mike.She took his umbrella home by mistake.(保持句意不变)She ______ to Mike for _______ his umbrella home by mistake.19.Every child wants to know,”What does Santa Clause really look like?”Every child wants to know ______ Santa Clause really _______ like.三、长宁区1.Some people go to coffee shops to meet friends, ______ may just want to have a cup of nice coffee.A.anotherB.the otherC.othersD.the others2.Though I ordered several items of clothing online on Taobao four days ago, _____ has arrived.A.noneB.neitherC.bothD.either3.The sportsman suddenly ______ down while he was running the 1500-meter race.A.would fallB.fellC.was fallingD.had fallen4.Mr.White always expected his son ______ an active part in the classes.A.takingB.takeC.takesD.to take5.--I don’t know how to use the latest software.--________.A.So do I.B.So am I.C.Neither do I.D.Neither am I.6.Be careful,a car’s coming! Get out of the way.(保持句意不变)______ ______, a car’s coming! Get out of the way.7.To make a good impression, Kim put on his finest suit for the interview.(对下划线部分提问)_____ _____ Kim put on his finest suit for the interview?四、普陀区1. This pretty and hardworking actress is a good example for _______.A.othersB.the othersC.the otherD.other2.I have kept this letter from my class teacher ______ I graduated 10 years ago.A.sinceB.untilC.afterD.when3.Ken looked around the room and wasn’t sure where _____ his new painting.A.hangB.hangingC.hungD.to hang4.Charles ______ on his new model car from seven to eight yesterday evening.A.was workingB.workedC.has workedD.had worked5.--______ of you attended the art lecture yesterday?--Quite a few.A.How oftenB.How muchC.How longD.How many6._____ awful journey Rose had! She had never expected her holiday to end in that way.A.WhatB.What aC.What an How7.Before giving an answer, the students were asked to discuss among ______ first.(they)8.None of his friends thought he was doing the right thing to get ______.(lucky)9.Actually, Stephen can’t play table games as well as he says.(保持句意不变)______ ______, Stephen can’t play table games as well as he says.五、松江区1.Jerry goes to the swimming class _____ Saturday afternoons.A.inB.atC.onD.for2.The twins look really alike. It’s difficult for me to tell one ______ the other.A.fromB.betweenC.amongD.as3.---______ times have you read the book Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets?---Twice.A.How manyB.How oftenC.How soonD.How long4.I missed the train. It ______ the platform already when I got to the station.A.would leaveB.has leftC.is leavingD.had left5.I hope Mr and Mrs.Smith _____ together with their lost son in no time.A.getB.will getC.would getD.have got6.All of the fans are looking forward to _____ their favorite star at the stadium.A.seeB.seeingC.be seenD.being seen7.With repeated efforts, I managed _____ the baby stop crying.A.makeB.to makeC.to makingD.making8.The journey to the top of the mountain is really tiring. I can’t go any ______.(far)9.The government is trying to ______ the roads to ease the heavy traffic.(wide)10.Father said,”Jerry, be careful when walking along the river!”( 改为简单句)Father told Jerry ______ ______ careful when walking along the river.六、嘉定区1.Our group arrived at the mountain foot _____ the late afternoon after hiking for ten hours.A.fromB.atC. onD.in2.I like to live in the suburbs because the air there is fresher than _____ in the city center.A.oneB.thatC.onesD.those3.Nearly _____ of working mothers in China don’t want to have a second child.A.three-fifthB.three fifthsC.three-fifthsD.three fifth4.Police warn the tourists _______ in the river as crocodiles are found in the nearby water.A.not to swimB.to not swimC.not swimD.not swimming5.The man on the left denied ______ the old woman’s purse in the department store.A.stealB.to stealC.stealingD.stole6.Be careful with your passport and money when you are in a foreign country, ______?A.will youB.can youC.aren’t youD.don’t you7.Betty is so excited that her new novel ______ out in about two months.( )A.cameB.was comingC.has comeD.will come8.Two free tickets for the concert ______ if you follow its WeChat public number.( )A.have offeredB.will be offeredC.will offerD.have been offered9.Susie interviewed Kate to get more detailed information about western culture.(对划线部分提问) ________ did Susie interview Kate _______?10.We all know the 24th Winter Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2022.(保持句意基本不变)We all know the 24th Winter Olympic Games will ________ _________ in Beijing in 2022.七、徐汇区1.Nobody can stop a person with a strong will _____ realizing his dreams.A.ofB.fromC.withD.by2.If they don’t prepare ______ well for the interview,they may fail to get the offer.A.theyB.themC.theirsD.themselves3.Joe can only take two of his family members into the studio and leave ______ waiting outside.A.the othersB.othersC.otherD.the other4.______ the end of yesterday,there had been more than 10 car accidents because of the typhoon.A.ByB.FromC.AtD.To5.The audience were attracted by ______ the stories and the readings at the new program”Readers”.A.bothB.neitherC.eitherD.none6.Every picture in the coloring book Secret Garden was not drawn by computer ______ all by hand.A.andB.soC.butD.or7.The year’s best picture was wrongly awarded to La La Land , which ______ never _______ before.A.would,happenB.was,happeningC.has,happenedD.had,happened8.A:_______ can we get the chance to join the party?B:To join this party, you have to dress up like a Superhero.A.WhyB.WhatC.HowD.Where9.Jenny is an independent girl and she is considering ______ a boarding school( 寄宿学校).A.enterB.enteringC.to enterD.entered10.Every Monday morning all the staff members have a meeting to report their recent work,_______?A.haven’t theyB.don’t theyC.aren’t theyD.won’t they11.After the 1000 meters’ race, I could hardly move my ______.(foot)12.People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival on different dates. It is on May the ___ this year.(thirty)13.Tim visits his junior high school teachers every Teachers’ Day to express his ______.(thankful)14.Mr.Wang will introduce Shanghai to all the foreign guests at the welcome party.( 对划线部分提问)________ _______ Mr.Wang introduce to all the foreign guests at the welcome party?15.Ian promises the technology of his invention is not harmful to the human body.(保持句意不变)Ian promises the technology of his invention does _______ _______ to the human body.16.This warning sign tells us not to pick flowers.(保持句意不变)This warning sign says,”_______ _______ flowers!”八、黄浦区1.Which of the following words is pronounced/feə /?A.fillB.fairC.fearD.fire2.Studies show that less active students in class require a little more ________.A.prizeB.taskC.friendD.care3.Jane took _______ look at her house the moment she started her car.A.otherB.othersC.anotherD.the other4.The waiter was asked to welcome guests with a _______ smile and a bow.A.friendlyB.kindlyC.politelyD.happily5.The newspaper says house prices in Australia are expected ______ by 10% in 2017.A.riseB.risingC.to riseD.to rising6.Many parts of this car ______ in less developed countries, like Thailand.A.produceB.producedC.are producedD.was produced7._______ good time they are having with their family on the beach!A.WhatB.HowC.What aD.How a8.None of us could tell the ______ of the movie until the last moment.(end)9.He didn’t know what he could say to his parents on the phone.(改为简单句)He didn’t know what ______ ______ to his parents on the phone.10.Simon didn’t go to bed until twelve o’clock last night.(保持句意不变）Simon_______ _______1 until twelve o’clock last night.九、宝山1.The CNTV Tower (which is in Canada) is a _______ building.A.553 meters tallB.553-meters tallC.553-meters-tallD.553-meter-tall2.I think Alice’s idea is ______ better than yours.A.farB.manyC.moreD.much more3.It is common knowledge that paper _______ by the Chinese in Han Dynasty(汉代).A.inventB.is inventedC.inventedD.was invented4.We should try _______ many fats or sweets, because they don’t help us grow strong.A.don’t eatB.not eatC.not to eatD.won’t eat5.You look very tired. You should stop ______ at once.A.workB.to workC.workingD.worked6.The earthquake was so disastrous that many people were left ________.(home)十、杨浦区1.Marco Polo travelled through Asia _______ the end of the 13th century.A.inB.byC.onD.at2.We went around town putting _________ posters for the charity show.A.upB.onC.offD.out3.Some young people like traveling by package tour, ________ like travelling alone.A.otherB.othersC.anotherD.the other4.Neither my father nor I _______ going to the baseball game.A.beB.amC.isD.are5.Since Jan 1,2016, married couple _________ to have two children.A.have allowedB.have been allowedC.allowedD.were allowed6.Don’t forget _______ off the lights and air-conditioner when you leave.A.turnB.to turnC.turningD.to turning7.The detective interviewed Jill and Jenny. They both denied _________ the car.A.stealB.stealingC.to stealD.to stealing8.A power cut hit the city, leaving many thousands of people _________.(help)十一、崇明1.Jack couldn’t buy the gift because there was very ______ money left in his pocket.A.fewB.a fewC.littleD.a little**only ________/________ very ________/_________2.Excuse me, _______ can you tell me the way to the nearest post office?A.butB.soC.forD.or3.The storm which they had predicted _______ out to be nothing last night.A.turnsB.turnedC.will turnD.has turned4.Ny father promised that he ________ me a new computer the next week.A.buyB.buysC.will buyD.would buy5.Look! There _______ so many middle-aged women dancing at the square.A.amB.isC.areD.be6.They say it’s a beautiful place, but I _______ have never been there.(me)十二、静安1. Jack left _______ Germany last year and found a job in a big company a month ago.A.forB.inC.toD.after2.Some students like to be volunteers in the community and _______ prefer to do part-time job.A.otherB.the otherC.othersD.the others3.After Jenny’s mother had a conversation with the teacher, she seemed very ___________.A.happinessB.happyC.happilyD.happiest4.Online games are very attractive, ________ we shouldn’t spend too much time on it.A.butB.orC.soD.because5.By the year of 2010, the ten-year-old girl _______ her first collection of poems.A.publishedB.was publishingC.has publishedD.had published6.The workers on the construction site site are used to _______ at 5:30 in the morning.A.get upB.got upC.getting upD.have got up7._________ piece of good advice our teacher gave us before we entered for the contest!A.HowB.WhatC.What anD. What a名词单复数：matches toys glasses copies国家：Canada--Canadian Italy--Italian常考词转：solve--solution词组考核：do sb a favor be similar to。
上海闵行区2017学年第一学期高三英语质量调研 2017.12.27
上海闵行区2017学年第一学期高三质量调研2017.12.27ⅡGrammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blankHonesty, my mum always used to tell me, is the best policy. But when it comes to medicine, I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients. After all, the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential, or so I thought.I had just started working in geriatrics(老年病科). Mr. McMahon 21 in when his body was found very swollen （浮肿的）. I took a medical history 22 his daughter who had accompanied him in the ambulance. She'd been his main carer for years. I stood 23 (look) at him as she gave a detailed history. "Has he lost any weight recently?" I asked, "Well, it's funny you should mention that, but yes." She said slowly. There was silence for a few moments. "Why? What are you worried about?" she asked. She was obviously very involved in his care and it was only fair that I told 24 the truth. "Well, we need to prove it's not cancer." I said and talked briefly about some of the tests I was going to order.Half an hour later, a nurse called me: "Mr. McMahon's daughter broke down－she said you told her he had cancer." My heart sank. By the time I arrived at the ward, my consultant was already there, explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed 25 he had cancer. I stood silently at the end of the bed. My consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left Mr. McMahon, she turned to me. "Why on earth did you do that?" she asked in disbelief. I looked at her and bit my lip. "She asked me what I was worried about and I told her." I said, hanging my head. "And give her more 26 (worry) about?" replied my consultant. "You don't say the word 'cancer' until it's confirmed. 27 you suspect it, think very carefully before you tell people."28it turned out, it wasn't cancer. But I did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their loved one they're sometimes selective in 29 they hear－and as a doctor it's important to be mindful of this. In being truthful, I'd made the situation 30 (bad).Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note thatface out of their phone and focusing on the world around them? It's completely normal for parents of growing children to be concerned about their child's safely, but is their 31 to social media really harming them.Social media was created to connect people with others online and has recently been added to smartphones, making it fat more accessible than it 32 was. This new way to easily be able to use social media has encouraged children and teens to begin to use sites such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram frequently. Maturing teens and children are usually very timid when it comes to 33 with their families, which they sometimes view as "annoying”. So, what do these kids use as a solution or a(n)“ 34 " The answer is simple social media.However when they use social media for a large amount of time, parents lend to show concern for their child and blame social media for 35 their attention.The word, "social", was entered into the term, social media, for a reason. Parents of growing teens don't seem to understand that. When they see their child using Twitter or Instagram they think that they using it to get away from real world 36 .The truth, however, is that they are using it to conned with their close friends, make new friends, and receive information about what is currently happening in the modem worldChildren and teens are 37 accused for using social media only for entertainment purposes and for huge amounts of time. Sure everyone who uses social media enjoys contacting their friends and viewing entertaining things, but howcome children receive all of the 38 for abusing it? Parents should really think about how social media can help children and teens learn and grow in the real world rather than it just being another 39 .Social media as a whole has both positive and negative aspects, but after all of the 40 from pre-teens, teens, and parents is put together, it shows that media is actually helping the newer generations in their lives.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection AYour boss tells you that you did a bad job. Your coworker criticizes you in front of your whole team. Ouch! It's not easy to take criticism, no matter who it comes from. But, it is easy to 41 the blow when you offer criticism to someone in English. Merely by altering your wording and your attitude, you can help someone grow instead of making them feel 42 .Phrases like "You’re wrong! ” and “Your presentation was terrible!" have no place i n effective 43 . In fact, it's best to leave the word "you" out, if at all possible. 44 attacks make people feel defective, and then they won't really listen to anything you have to say.Before starting with the criticism, warm the person up with 45 . If you are discussing their work, find several things you truly like about what they have done. For example, "I enjoyed your presentation today. You presented a lot of good and helpful information in it, and I can tell you put a lot of effort into it. I appreciate your hard work." This will lower their 46 and make them feel appreciated.However, a short 47 compliment followed by "but" such as “It was a helpful talk, but you really need to improve your presentation skills" won't do much to help the process. After you’ve shared your compliments, allow them time to be 48 . As a matter of fact, 49 following your compliment with a “,bu t” will destroy all you've tried lo accomplish by making your 50 seem false and insincere.Remember that the goal of constructive criticism isn’t to make the person feel terrible: it's to help them grow. Instead of directly 51 the person, try to get the message through to them in the form of light-hearted advice. Phrases like. "Next time you might want to…” or “I find it helpful to " can 52 the blame while still leaving an impact: "Next time you might want to give a little more attention to the audience. I find it helpful to look people in the eyes while I am speaking"People can't change overnight, especially if they don’t get detailed 53 . As you might have known, 54 saying “you need to work on your presentation skills “won’t help a soul! Be detailed in your advice! Show moderation when you criticize anyone and keep in your mind that over-criticism can easily 55 people. Remember, you want them to keep trying and improving. Don't leave them feeling defeated'41. A. suffer B. accept C. soft D. ignore42. A defeated B encouraged C. motivated D. disturbed43. A. discussion B. argument C. explanation D. criticism44. A. Immediate B. Personal C. Accurate D. Continuous45. A. interactions B. impressions C. personalities D. compliments46. A. defense B spirit C. moral D. position47. A. decisive B. serious C. vague D. concrete48. A. corrected B. challenged C. debated D. absorbed49. A. carefully B. reluctantly C. immediately D. occasionally50. A. praise B. attitude C. assistance D. achievement51. A. helping B. accusing C. praising D. dismissing52. A. make up B. focus on C. lead to D. take away53. A. command B. comment C. instruction D. information54. A. sincerely B. simply C. politely D. unwillingly55. A. overload B promote C. inspire D simulateSection B(A)Korean Americans at GBS High .SchoolGlenbrook South (GBS) High School is in a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is an award-winning school with a highly competent teaching staff. It has over 400 Asian Pacific .American students-over 17 percent of die students in the school. Of these, the majority are Korean American. This is very unusual in a state where Korean Americans are less than 1 percent of the population. The interactions of the Korean American students at UBS were the subject of an article in Asian Week magazine.Different Korean American students react differently to being in a high school were most students are white. Professor Pyong Gap Min, an expert on Korean life in America, believes that Korean Americans in this situation can sometimes feel inhibited or ashamed of their Korean identity. Asian Week interviewed a number of GBS students, and each had a different attitude.Alice 18 years oldI used to spend time only with Korean American friends Although I felt secure with those friends, I found myself motivated to form closer relationship with non-Koreans, too. I felt I was missing out on new experiences and challenges. Paul 16 years oldI have some Korean American friends, but I spend most of my time with white friends. I’m often the only Asian American in the group, but I don’t mind. What I like about the white culture is that I can be more radical. I can be as loud and funny as I want to be. I don’t see as much of that among the Asian students.John 17 years oldIn junior high school, most of my friends were white. After coming to GBS, my sense of my Korean American identity was restored, and I decided to have mainly Korean American friends. I feel that my Korean American friends and I mainly understand each other better. For example, we understand about severe parental pressures to succeed at school; I felt my white friends couldn’t really und erstand.Without belittle(轻视）the importance of what these students had to say, it’s imp ortant to remember that their opinions at this phase of their lives ate bound to change as they grow into adulthood. But these honest opinions can help us better understand issues of culture relations, and their honesty might help Americans from different cultural groups to get along better in the future.56. The passage mainly discusses .A. how Korean American students interact among themselves and with othersB. why Illinois is a very special stateC. how an Illinois high school welcomes Korean American studentsD. different opinions of the friends of Korean American students57. Which statement best summarizes Alice's attitude?A. She feels that her white friends don’t really understand h erB. She likes her Korean American friends but wants to have non-Korean friends too.C. She feels she is missing out on experiences with her Korean American fiends.D. She doesn’t fe el secure in her relationships with non-Koreans.58. The underlined word “radical” most probably means" "A. timidB. expressiveC. considerateD. sensitive(B)The documentary Blood Lions shows South Africa's cruel "canned' lion hunting industry. In canned hunts, lions are raised by humans and kept in enclosed spaces on private hunting areas. Hunters can get trophy （战利品）easily in exchange for fees of up to $50, 000. There are about 8,000 ranch lions in South Africa. So the country’s hunt operators can make a fortune.Ian Michler was a lead character in the film. He talked about Blood Lions last July when it was shown in Durban, South Africa. The film has since been viewed in 185 countries. More than 50 screenings have been held at film festivals and in meetings of special interest groups. This year, Blood Lions will be shown at every major tourism conference in Europe and Africa.Outside the film, Michler and the team are running a global campaign. They are aiming at ending canned hunts and other cold-blooded activities involving lions and other animals.Australia became the first country, in February 2015, to forbid imports of lion trophies. It was followed by France in November, That month, Blood Lions was shown in the European Parliament. As a result, the government of Finland, Italy, and Spain decided to hold their own screenings. There are a number of other countries likely to do the same.At the same time, at the end of last year, the world's leading group of African lion researchers offered an important suggestion They advised that any analysis of the present state of wild lions in South Africa should not include its thousands of ranch lions. Wild lions in South Africa now number some 3, 000. There are around 20,000 wild lions in Africa."The g reat majority of lion populations in Africa have been reduced,” says Hans Bauer, lion researcher at Oxford University Wildlife Conservation Research Unit. 'It's important to stress that South Africa's ranch lions are horror that has nothing to do with lion protection. These lions should never be taken into account in any serious analysis of the state of lions in Africa."59. What do we learn about the documentary Blood Lions?A. It has an international influence.B. It has attracted many tourists.C. It tell the story of a lion fighter.D. It has brought the producer lots of money60. Michler and his team's campaign .A. was first started in AustraliaB. has won little support in EuropeC. has achieved noticeable effectsD. aims to save endangered animals61. What can we infer about Hans Bauer?A .He suggests analyzing lions properly. B. He has seen an increase of African wild lionsC. He maybe a strong supporter of trophy hunting.D. He hopes that there will be more ranch lions in Africa.62. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain the main idea of a new film.B. To report an animal protection campaignC. To encourage fanners lo raise ranch lions.D. To advertise South Africa's hunting industry.(C)One of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend. "One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states." said Nellie Alexander, Director of the Project for the Study of Alternative education in South Africa at the University of Cape Town.In response to the spread of English and the increased multi-language trends arising from immigration, many countries have introduced language laws in the laws in the last decade. In some, the use of languages other than the national language is banned in public spaces such as advertising posters. One of the first such legal provisions was the 1994 "Toubon Law" in France, but the idea has been copied in many countries since then. Such efforts to govern language use are often dismissed as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficultly in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process.It is especially difficult for native speakers of English to understand the desire to maintain the “purity” of a language by law. Since the time of Shakespeare, English has continually absorbed foreign words into its own language. English is one of the most mixed and rapidly changing languages in the world, but there has not been a barrier to acquiring prestige and power. Another reason for the failure of many native English speakers to understand the role of state regulation is that it has never been the Anglo-Saxon way of doing things. English has never had a state-controlled authority for the language, similar, for example, to the Academic Francaise in France.The need to protect national languages is, for most western Europeans, a recent phenomenon—especially the need to ensure that English does not unnecessary take over too many fields. Public communication, education and new modes of communication promoted by technology, may be key fields lo defend63. Neville Alexander believes that?A. mother-tongue education is not practiced in all African countriesB. globalization has resulted in the economic failure of AfricaC. globalization has led to the rise of multi-language trendsD. lack of mother-tongue education can lead to economic failure64. The underl ined word ”futile'' (i n paragraph 2) most probably means “”.A. workableB. practicalC. uselessD. unnecessary65. Why do many English-speaking countries not support the language protection efforts described in the passage?A. They think language protection laws are ineffective.B. They want their language to spread to other countries.C. They have a long history of taking words from other languages.D. It reduces a language's ability to acquire international importance66. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. English has taken over fields like public communication and educationB. Many sheets of national culture are threatened by the spread of English.C. Most language experts believe it is important to promote a national language.D. Europeans have long realized the need to protect their national languages.Section CDirections: Read the following passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentenceThe latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not IQ, a generally bad predictor' of success. 67 Top performers spend more hours practising their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you'd take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn’t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or shared the same birthday.68 It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success, Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field. She’d able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error focused. By practising in this way, site delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repealing, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems-how do I get characters into a room-dozens and dozens of times. 69 The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It's the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine. The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we're "hardwired" to do. And it's true that genes play a role in our capabilities. 70 We construct ourselves through behaviour.Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.California condors are North American’s largest birds, will wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico. Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once. So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”V. Translation72. 这个专家所推荐的方法被证明是十分有效的。
上海市2017届高三英语二模汇编-六选四
2017年高三英语二模汇编——六选四Exoplanets （外行星）:The Hunt Is OnToday scientists believe that planets could outnumber the stars. For centuries, scientists and natural philosophers have proposed that stars in the night sky have planetary systems similar to our own solar systems. The existence of extrasolar planets, or exoplanets, has long been discussed . ___67_ _.Although not the first exoplanet discovery, a planet near a sun-like star was discovered by astronomers in 1995. This kicked off an era of exoplanet hunting, with thousands of discoveries and confirmations following in its wake.___68__ However, in 2015 NASA’s Kepler space telescope found its first Earth-sized planet in a “habitable” zone. This is the distance from a star where surface temperature of a pl anet wouldn’t be too hot or too cold for liquid water. So far, only a small slice of our galaxy, the Milky Way, has been explored. Even so, scientist have confirmed over 3500 exoplanets, with more being added every day.To detect exoplanets, scientists use data from a variety of sources. Large ground- based telescopes, earth- circling and sun- circling satellites all collect different types of information. Because exoplanets are so far away and very lose to stars, it is very difficult to see them directly ____69__. For example, when an exoplanet moves between its star and us, it causes a small drop in the star’s brightness. Measuring this drop is the transit （凌日）method of discovery. NASA’S Kepler space telescope has discovered many exoplanets in this way.As a planet circles a star, it pulls on it and causes it to shake. __70___. Measuring these slight changes is the radial velocity（径向速度）method of discovering planets. It is one of the most productive methods for finding and confirming exoplanets.These are just two examples of the many methods scientists use in their hunt for exoplanets, hoping for more information and enhanced detail. As time progresses and technology improves, who knows what else we may find!宝山区（长宁、青浦区）67-70 EBACSection CA School That Can Educate Us AllChristos Porios, 16, lives in a small Greek city. “My mother’s a teacher and my father’s a mechanic,” he explains, adding that neither is knowledgeable about computers—especially compared with him. 67 Porios was taking a free class in machine learning offered by Andrew Ng, a professor at Stanford University, over an online platform Ng developed with his colleagues. Drawing on what he learned, Porios was able to participate in the International Space Apps Challenge, a virtual hackathon (编程马拉松) using data from NASA and other government agencies.If one teenager in one small city can become a genius hacker through an online course, does it mean the world has changed? We have been hearing about the potential of online education for decades. 68 A number of online education platforms have appeared, featuring professors from top universities offering free courses.69 Ng was amazed. “It would take me 250 years to teach this many people at Stanford,” he says. And so, just one month into the course, Ng and his Stanford colleague, Daphne Koller, decided to leave their faculty posts (教职) and dive into online teaching full-time. In April, they launched their company, Coursera, with a $16 million round of venture funding. So far, it has managed to team up with 35 colleges in nine countries.To Ng and Koller, Coursera’s mission is simple and yet grand. That is to teach millions of people around the world for free, while also transforming higher education.According to Ng, the world’s top 20 universities enr oll only about 200,000 students. There are million more who could participate in classwork at the higher level, but most of them are far from any of the leading universities. 70Koller says Coursera’s total registration has hit 15 million. Porios, th e young Greek, is only one of those registrants. His hope is to study in Germany or England someday. He is even toying with the idea of taking classes at MIT or Stanford— but this time in person.崇明区67-70CAFESection CSelf-talk helps us allTalking to yourself may seem a little shameful. If you’ve ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a speech , you’ll know the social problems it can cause.______67_______ But there’s no need for embarrassment. Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our heads, is valuable. Far from being a sign of insanity, self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do , manage our activities and control our emotions.For example, take a trip to any preschool and watch a small girl playing with her toys . You are very likely to hear her talking to herself: offering herself directions and talking about her problems. ______68______We do a lot of it when we are young.As children, according to the Russian Psychologist Lev Vygotsky , we use private speech to control our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others. As we grow older, we keep this system inside.Psychological experiments have shown that this so-called inner speech can improve our performance in tasks like telling what other people are thinking. Our words give us an interesting view of our actions. One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we talk to ourselves in the second person: as “you” rather than “I”_____69_____If you want proof , turn to a sports channel . You’re sure to see an athlete shouting at himself or herself.Talking to ourselves seems to be a very good way of solving problems and working through ideas. Hearing different points of view means our thoughts can end up in different place , just like a regular dialogue , and might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.Both kinds of self-talk -----silent and out loud ----seem to bring many different benefits to our thinking .______70______-杨浦区67-70 EBDCThe Tutorial System of Oxford UniversityIn the University of Oxford, teaching is conducted primarily through the tutorial system. It is one of the most unique and well-known methods of teaching across the world.The weekly tutorial consists of a one-hour meeting between the tutor and small numbers of students (usually two to four). During this time, an essay prepared specifically for that tutorial is read by students and commented upon by the tutor. At the end of the tutorial, the tutor will assign the topic of study for the coming week and suggest readings. __67__Meanwhile, they are also complemented by departmental lectures which are conducted on a university wide basis, lab work, and seminars (研讨会) often with groups of perhaps 10 students.Tutorials have gained their reputation because of the close relationship they maintain between the tutor and the student. The tutorial system provides undergraduates with direct and in most cases weekly contact with tutors in their academic fields.__68__Before the weekly tutorial, students are required to prepare an essay or other works, which they read or present to the tutor. During each tutorial, students are expected to communicate, debate, analyze and critique the ideas of others as well as their own in conversations with the professor and fellow-students. The tutorial system has great value that it creates learning and assessment opportunities which are highly authentic(可靠的) and difficult to fake, as the student’s work is discussed on the spot.__69__The contrast between tutorials and large lectures common in the American universities is obvious. In the typical American university, students are taught by the same specialists, in the same manner, and held to the same standards.However, during tutorials, students have the opportunity to explore their own ideas directly with experts in particular subjects. __70__ As a result, students must engage in extensive independent reading and research, using the resources available, under the guidance of the tutor.虹口区67-70: BFA CSection CYour Own Best FriendTalking to yourself may seem a little shameful. If you’ve ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a tricky speech ahead of time, you’ll have felt the social restriction against communicating with yourself in words. According to the well-known saying, talking to yourself is the first sign of madness.67 Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our heads, is a valuable tool for thought. Far from being a sign of insanity, self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities, regulate our emotions and even create a narrative of our experience.Take a trip to any preschool and watch a small child playing with her toys. You are very likely to hear her talking to herself: offering herself directions and giving voice to her frustrations.68 We do a lot of it when we are young–perhaps one reason for our shyness about continuing with it as adults.As children, according to the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky, we use private speech to regulate our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others.69Psychological experiments have shown that the distancing effect of our words can give us a valuable perspective on our actions. One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we address ourselves in the second person: as “you” rather than “I”.We internalize the private speech we use as children–but we never entirely put away the out-loud version.70 You’re bound to see an athlete or two gearing themselves up with a tar t phrase or scolding themselves aftera bad shot.Both kinds of self-talk seem to bring a range of benefits to our thinking. Those words to the self, spoken silently or aloud, are so much more than lazy talk.黄浦区67-70 AFCBTo Please Your Friends, Tell Them What They Already KnewThe research emeraged out of some real-life observations shared by Gilbert and co-authors Gus Cooney and Timothy D. Wilson：“Conversation is the most common of all human social activities, and doing i t well requires that we know what our conversation partners most want to hear.___67___”says psychological scientist Daniel T, Gilbert of Harvard University.“When our friends try to tell us about movies we’ve never seen or albums we’ve never heard, we usua lly find ourselves bored, confused, and underwhelmed. ___68___. And yet, as soon as it’s our turn to speak, we do exactlly the same thing to our friends –with exactly the same consequences. We wanted to understand why this happens.”Gilbert explains. The researchers decided to do this by conducting a series of experiments.In their first experiment, the researchers assigned participants to groups of three, with one person acting as the speaker and the other two acting as listeners. Speakers watched a video and then tried do describe it to the listeners. Some of the listeners had seen the video the speakere was describing, and others had not.___69___. When the speakers were speaking, the listeners rated them on these aspects. The results showed that speakers’ predictions were exactly backwards. Speakers expected listeners to respond more positively to their stories when the listeners had not seen the video they were describing ___70___. Although speakers expected listeners to enjoy hearing about a novel experience more than a familiar one, it was actually the other way around.A second study showed that when asked to predict their own reactions before hearing the story, listeners made the same mistake that speakers did.嘉定区长宁区67-70 DEAFAn 18-year-girl Kayla Perkins explains what is in her bedroom, “I throw something on the floor and I know right where it is.” However, her parents, Steve and Deborah Perkins, of Mckinney, Texas, haven’t caught on. Even Kayla admits that, at the worst, her room is a mess.Most families at some point have at least one child whose room looks like a landfill. 67 Dirty clothes pile up; dirty dishes get lost in the mess and smell bad; homework is lost; and valuable things are ruined.Some parents let it go, believing that a bedroom is private space for children to manage as they wish. Others lecture their children, offer rewar ds for cleaning, or punish them when they don’t.___ 68____ Mrs. Perkins says they picked up all the clothes on Kayla’s floor and hid them. They cleaned everything up. When Kayla came back to a bare bedroom, there was screaming and shouting, “How can I live without my clothes?” Mrs. Perkins asked Kayla to earn her clothes back by doing housework. These days, she keeps her room clean.69 For example, since Jessica, the 14-year-old daughter wasn’t bothered by the dirty clothes all over her floor, the whole family started using her room as a place to store dirty clothes. Her attitude changed after her family did that. By the time she gave in and cleaned up her room a few days later, even she was laughing.70 Children often behave better if you treat them in the way you would want to be treated by your boss at work—with respect and high expectations.奉贤区67-70BFDECharity—Hum anity’s most kind and generous desire—is a timeless and borderless virtue, dating at least to the dawn of religious teaching. Philanthropy（慈善行为）as we understand it today, however, is a distinctly American phenomenon, inseparable from the nation that shaped it. From colonial leaders to modern billionaires like Buffett, Gates and Zuckerberg, the tradition of giving is woven into the national DNA.67. ________ Benjamin Franklin, an icon of individual industry and frugality（节俭）even in his own day, understood that with the privilege of doing well came the price of doing good. When he died in 1790, Franklin thought to future generations, leaving in trust two gifts of 1,000 Ib. of sterling silver—one to the city of Boston,the other to Philadelphia. According to his instruction, a portion of the money could not be used for 200 years.While Franklin’s gifts lay in wait, the tradition he established evolved alongside the young nation. 68. ________ Often far less famed men and women have played a critical role in phi lanthropy’s evolution. One of my personal heroes is Julius Rosenwald, who helped construct more than 5,300 schools across the segregated（种族隔离）South and opened classroom doors to a generation of African-American students.69. ________ The answer is not just to benefit others. Tax reduction, for one, encourages the rich people to give. And philanthropy has long helped improve the public image of everyone from immoral capitalists to the new tech elite. More troubling, however, are the foundational problems that make philanthropy so necessary. Just before his death, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. wrote, “Philanthropy is praise-worthy, but it must not cause the philanthropist to overlook the circumstances of economic injustice which make philanthropy necessary.”Fr anklin’s gifts represent a broader principle. We are guardians of a public trust, even if our capital came from private enterprise, and our most important obligation is ensuring that the system works more equally and more justly for more people. 70. ________ America’s greatest strength is not the fact of perfection, but rather the act of perfecting.浦东新区67—70 F E A BAny apples today? Effie asked cheerfully at my window. I followed her to her truck and bought a kilo. On credit, of course. Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just then. ______(67)______All pretense(借口) of payment was dropped when our funds, food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often, always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood. There were other generosities. _____(68)______Effie was not a rich woman. Her income, derived from investments she had made while running an interior decorating shop, had never exceeded $ 200 a month, which she supplemented by selling her apples. But she always managed to help someone poorer.Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time. She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year. "Here, darling," I said, “is what I owe you.______(69)_____ “Give it back as I gave it to you—a little at a time” I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie, for she died a few weeks later. By now, the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times. But a curious thing began to happen.Whenever I saw a fellow human in financial trouble, I was moved to help him. I can't afford to do this always, but in the ten years since Effie's death, I have indirectly repaid my debt to her.______(70)_____ At that time, it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled. So the account can never be marked closed, for Effie's love will go on in hearts that have never known her.普陀区67-70 EAFCThe worst time to look for a job is when you feel desperate and must have a new oneimmediately. 67 If you are not in need of an immediate career change, here are ways you can improve your long-term career prospects today:Identify at least two different roles. You do not have to be qualified for these positions today, nor do theyhave to exist in your company. However, these roles should be related to your current skill set. They are career options that look interesting. 68 Pay close attention to what appeals to you, and write it down. This will give insight into your motivations and targets.Subscribe to a career specific magazine. Knowledge is power in the workplace. All businesses must stay relevant to their customers in order to win the competitions and increase revenue (收益). Reading about industry trends, advancements and success stories keeps you in touch with market conditions. This information allows you to see which companies and professionals are leading the pack. You can follow their examples in your own workplace. 69Do exceptional work. In any role, there is a way to perform at your best. Look for ways to deliver a top performance. Show up early, be flexible to new assignments, have a positive attitude, cooperate with other departments, pay attention to the little details.Be professionally curious. Talk to people about their careers. Learn more about how success is measured in other roles, departments and companies. Ask people their thoughts on different industries. 70 People hire people. You never know what connections may be relevant when you start your next job search, so develop a habit of making good connections no matter where you go. Take the time to learn about others, and be helpful when you can.As in all things in life, getting in front of a difficult task early is always less stressful than reacting to a career surprise. Changing jobs is to be expected. No matter how secure you feel today, the time will come when either you or your employer decide it is time to change.松江区闵行区67-70 FDABThe explosion of new media, ranging from the internet to digital television, means that people working in advertising will have to come up with more ways to catch the public’s attention in the future.______67______ No longer will all members be watching the same program: some will be watching different channels on their own TVs, surfing the net or doing both at the same time. The advertising industry will have to work “harder and smarter” to cut through the “mess” of the future with a wide range of new media, all competing to catch the consumers’ eyes.People have become more individual in their consumption of advertising. New technology has madeexperimenting with new forms of advertising possible. The monologue where the advertisement tells housewives that this is the washing powder they should buy is just a cliché(陈词滥调) now. ______68______ There is, consequently, little hope of them surviving for more than another twenty years. A much closer relationship with the consumer is gradually being created.The definition of what constitutes advertising will expand well beyond the conventional mass media. Shopping environments will themselves become a part of the advertising process. Increasingly, they will exist not simply to sell goods, but also to entertain people and to make sure that they enjoy their time there. The aim will be to “warm” people towards these places so that they will return to purchase goods there again.In spite of these and other changes, it is highly unlikely that TV, print and radio will disappear altogether as advertising media. ______69______ But other marketing strategies, such as public relations and direct marketing, will become as important as advertising. Advertising agencies will have to reinvent themselves. They will no longer be able simply to produce advertisements and then support these through PR, direct marketing or the internet. Instead, they will have to change the whole way they look at communication and start thinking about ideas which are not specific to one discipline.______70______ Originality of thinking has always been in short supply. It will continue to be so in the future. But there will be increasing coston the advertiser’s ability to be imaginative and to think laterally about engaging the consumer in a broader variety of media.静安区67-70 FCEAMy wife and I recently welcomed a child into the world. His only interest right now is keeping us awake 24/7. But one day, he’ll need to learn something about finance. When he does, here are some suggestions.1. You might think you want an expensive car, a fancy watch, and a huge house. But you don’t. ______(67)________ You think having expensive stuff will bring it. It almost never does—especially from the people you want to respect and admire you.2. The road to financial regret is paved with debt. Some debt, such as a mortgage, is OK. But most spending that results in debt is the equivalent of a drug: a quick hit of pleasure that wears off, only to drag you down for years tocome, limiting your options and keeping you weighed down by the baggage of your past.3. I hope you’re poor at some point. Not struggling, and not unhappy, of course. But there’s no way to learn the value of money without feeling the power of its scarcity. It teaches you the difference between necessary and desirable. ______(68)_______ These are essential survival skills.4. If you’re like most people, you’ll spend most of your adult life thinking, “Once I’ve saved/earned $X, everything will be great.” Then you’ll hit $X, move the goalposts, and resume chasing your tail. It’s a miserable cycle. Your goals should be about more than money.5. Don’t stay in a job you hate because you made a career choice at 18. Almost no one knows what he or she wants to do at that age. Many people don’t know what they want until they’re twice that age. (These are the signs you’re in the wrong career.)6. The best thing money buys is to control over your time. _____ (69) ________ One day you’ll realize that this freedom is one of the things that makes you truly happy.7. Change you r mind when you need to. I’ve noticed a tendency for people to think they’ve mastered investing when they’re young. They start investing at age 18 and think they have it all figured out by age 19. They never do.8. Some people are born into families that encourage education; others are from families that are against it. Some are born into flourishing economies; others, into war and poverty. I want you to be successful, and I want you to earn it. But realize that not all success is due to hard work and not all poverty is due to laziness. Keep this in mind when judging people, including yourself.9. Your savings rate has a little to do with how much you earn and a lot to do with how much you spend. I know a dentist who lives paycheck to paycheck, always on the edge of ruin. I know another person who never earned more than $50,000 and saved a fortune. The difference is entirely due to their spending _____(70) _____.10. Don’t listen to me if you disagree with what I’ve written. The world you grow up in will h ave different values and opportunities than the one I did. More important, you’ll learn best when you disagree with someone and then are forced to learn it yourself. (On the other hand, always listen to your mother.)徐汇区67-70 FACD。
2017年上海闵行区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷
2017年上海闵行区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、短文填空1、【来源】 2017年上海闵行区高三二模第21~30题10分2021年上海高三高考模拟（新题型十二）第21~30题One steamy July afternoon in central Arkansas. I was working on an important project in my home office. My trusty printer was busy producing an important report1it simply stopped . After fifteen minutes of trying to repair, I decided to buy a new printer. Upon my return, my heart froze to see my house on fire.2having spent much of my life writing, I was speechless when facing this situation. I was lost for adequate words3(describe) the sick, sinking feeling of seeing my home, business, and belongings going up in flames along with photographs and memories4(collect) over a lifetime. But the panic that filled my shocked heart in that awful moment was for the nine cats that shared my homeafter5(rescue) from situations of ill-treatment and abandonment.Responding to an early security—system warning, the amazing firefighters arrivedimmediately,6the chemical smoke had already caused deaths. I examined and kissed each cat goodbye, extremely grateful that they had passed gently, without injuries or burns.Only animal lovers really understand the unbelievable impact7the loss of one beloved four-legged family member can have on your heart, mind and soul. The loss of so many dearly loved creatures sent me in great sorrow.After staying with a friend of mine for a couple of weeks, I was relocated to a furnished apartment. One evening, about a month after moving in, I8(occupy) in writing a mystery novel, and at that time a "meow" sounded from outside the apartment door. Was it my mind playing tricks again? More than once I had heard, seen or felt the brush of one of my departed funny roommates. The meow grew louder and more repetitive. Curious, I opened the door.Sitting on the doorstep was a kitten with a black coat and alert eyes. Aneighbor9(walk) by picked him up and began petting him. When I remarked how cute her kitten was, she explained that it had been born under a bridge and looked around for food. This kitty-loving neighbor was quick to offer an extra litter box if I was interested in giving him a home. My immediate reaction was "that's all I need !" without hesitation she put the cute kitten down. I thanked her and closed the door, determined to just let him stay10 a real home could be found.二、选词填空2、【来源】 2017年上海闵行区高三二模第31~40题10分There are two basic ways see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as a(n)1result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion the students whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language—all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.By2—the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitude and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as we3new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends. There are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a4to take risks. And we are supposed to be ready to face the5, and to accept the possibility that we may "fail" at first . How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick an curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we thinkwe're6and shy? Then our7of shyness can cause us to hesitate , to move slowly , and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we're slow to adapt to change to change or that we're not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? If so, then we are likely to take a more8role or not try at all.These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. We will9to grow, if we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, and if we protect ourselves too much. Webecome10inside a shell of our own making.A. contrastB. unknownC. trappedD. responsibilityE. willingnessF. externalG. senseH. cease三、完形填空3、【来源】 2017年上海闵行区高三二模第41~55题15分To Apologize or Not to ApologizeWhy difficult ?When we do wrong to someone we know, even not1, we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when we're acting as leaders, the circumstance are2. The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level ofthe3but also at the level of the institution. It is a performance in which every word or expression4, as they become part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness.Why now ?The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never beenmore5. During the last decade or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology culture—apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made farmore6than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of7—apologies. Meanwhile, more and more articles, advice colums, and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subjectof8apologies . Although they are not carried out in the public places, we can't neglect the importance of this performance.Why9?Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult, embarrassing, and even risky? Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy targetfor10. They are expected to appear strong and capable. And whether they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be astrong11. Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so.Why refuse ?Why is it that leaders so often try every means to12apologies, even when a public apology seems to be in order? Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public figures, their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable andeven13risky. Apologies can be signals for admitting mistakes and mistakes can be an indication of job insecurity. Leaders may also be afraid that14of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. There can be good reasons for hanging tough（硬撑）in tough situation, as we shall see, but it is a high-risk15.A. immediatelyB. intentionallyC. occasionallyD. accidentallyA. simpleB. ridiculousC. abnormalD. differentA. individualB. companyC. familyD. societyA. conflictsB. mattersC. appealsD. deceivesA. urgentB. riskyC. boringD. simpleA. interestedlyB. patientlyC. frequentlyD. hopefullyA. faithfulB. reliableC. confusingD. publicA. sincereB. acceptableC. privateD. positiveA. botherB. reduceC. regretD. ignoreA. promotionB. criticismC. appreciationD. identificationA. personallyB. willC. reasonD. desireA. attemptB. involveC. commitD. avoidA. politicallyB. professionallyC. academicallyD. physicallyA. avoidanceB. admissionC. involvementD. eliminationA. fulfillmentB. statementC. occupationD. strategy四、阅读理解4、【来源】 2017年上海闵行区高三二模第56~59题8分2017年上海松江区高三二模（A篇）第56~59题8分If your in-box is currently reporting unread messages in the hundreds or thousands, you might have a hard time believing the news: e-mail is on the decline.At first blush, that might seem to be the case. The incoming generation, after all, doesn't do e-mail. Oh, they might have an account. They use it only as we would a fax machine: as a means to communicate with old-school folks like their parents or to fulfill the sign-up requirements of Websites. They rarely check it, though.Today's instant electronic memos—such as texting and Facebook and Twitter messages—are more direct, more concentrated, more efficient. They go without the salutation（称呼语）and the signoff; we already know the "to" and "from". Many corporations are moving to messaging networks for exactly that reason: more signal, less noise and less time. This trend is further evidence that store-and-forward systems such as e-mail and voicemail are outdated. Instead of my leaving you a lengthy message that you pick up later, I can now send you an unobtrusive, easily-consumed message that you can read—and respond to—on the go. The decline of e-mail corresponds neatly to the dawn of the mobile era. Instantaneous（及时）written messages are different. These are neatly tailored to fit in just about any time: before a movie, in a taxi, waiting for lunch. And because these notes are invariably brief, they're a natural for smartphone typing. With these formats, you also have control over who can correspond with you, which you usually don't in e-mail. And especially on Facebook, instant messaging can take on the character of a chat room, where several people can talk at once.Does this mean e-mail is on its way to the dustbin of digital history? Not necessarily. E-mail still has certain advantages. On the other hand, tweets and texts feel TAL#NBSP ephemeral—you read them, then they're gone, into an endless string, e-mail still feels like something you have and that you can file, search and return to later. It's easy to imagine that it will continue to feel more appropriate for formal communications: agreements, important news, longer explanations.So, e-mail won't go away completely. Remember, we've been through a transition like this not so long ago: when e-mail was on the rise, people said that postal mail was dead. That's not how it works. Postal mail found its smaller niche, and so will e-mail. Technology rarely replaces an institution completely; it just adds new avenues.(1) What would the incoming generation like to do with their e-mail accounts?A. Contact close friendsB. Send long messagesC. Fill in some formsD. Communicate with their colleagues(2) Which of the following is mainly discussed in the paragraph 3 and 4?A. The possible reasons behind the decline of e-mail.B. The likes and dislikes of the young generation.C. The rapid development of e-communication channels.D. Evidence about the uncertain future of easily-consumed messages.(3) What does the underlined word "TAL#NBSP ephemeral"in paragraph 5 mean?A. Automatically-sendingB. Randomly-writtenC. Hardly-recognizedD. Shortly-appearing(4) According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. It's too early to determine the decline of e-mail.B. E-mail has reasons to exist on its own advantage.C. E-mail, just like postal mail has come to its end.D. We should feel sorry for the decline of e-mail.5、【来源】 2017年上海闵行区高三二模（B篇）第60~62题6分(1) The Fox News review mentioned the first party scene in the film toA. reveal the fact that Nick wants to know more about Gatsby.B. show the version of Rhapsody in Blue matches the film well.C. prove that the director is good at combining visual and music.D. convince us that the first scene is perfectly filmed by the director.(2) According to Time Magazine, what did Baz Luhrmann do to make the film a success?A. He adapted the story in the novel as he wished.B. He made the film more powerful than the book.C. He mixed his style with the elegance of the book.D. He changed the story to meet his own style.(3) Which of the following can be used to describe Gatsby?A. Faithful and warm-hearted.B. Charming and professional.C. Selfish and timid.D. Mysterious and devoted.6、【来源】 2017年上海闵行区高三二模第63~66题8分2017年上海松江区高三二模（C篇）第63~66题8分The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately merciful reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination. Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, its prevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense.There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend. It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients, colleagues, and government.The behaviors under question are multifactorial in origin. There are familial（家庭的）, religious, and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school. For example, countries, cultures, and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are very normal. There are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is common; there are homeswhich cultivate young people with high standards of moral behaviour and others which leave moral training to the harmful influence of television and the market place.Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society. The selection process of medical students might be expected to favour applicants with positive moral behaviour. Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for cultivating future doctors with moral sensitivity. Unfortunately there are troubling data that suggest that during medical school the moral behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve; indeed, moral development may actually stop or even regress（倒退）.It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example on moral behaviour. Medical schools must do something to make sure that their students are expected to be clear from day one. The development of a school's culture of moral behaviour requires cooperation with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and developing. Moreover, the school's examination system and general treatment of students must be fair. Finally, the treatment of infractions must be firm, fair, transparent（透明的）.(1) What does the author say about cheating in medical schools?A. Extensive research has been done about this phenomenon.B. We have sufficient data to prove that prevention is possible.C. We know that this phenomenon exists in every medical school.D. We still need more reliable data to know how serious it is.(2) According to the author, it is important to prevent cheating in medical schoolsbecause.A. the medical profession is based on trustB. there is zero tolerance of cheating in medicineC. the medical profession depends on the governmentD. cheating exists extensively in medical schools(3) Which of the following statements will the author probably agree with?A. Medical schools should make a less competitive environment for students.B. Outstanding people should create a set of moral standards to be followed.C. Medical students should be positive in creating and preserving moral behavior.D. We should focus on the cause-and-effect of the cheating in exams in medical schools.(4) Which of the following can be implied from the passage?A. It makes little sense to talk about medical school student cheating in exams.B. Medical schools haven't been doing well to help students develop morally.C. Cheating in exams is tolerable outride of medical school circle.D. Elimination of exams helps cultivate healthier characters of medical school students.五、信息匹配7、【来源】 2017年上海闵行区高三二模第67~70题8分2017年上海松江区高三二模第67~70题8分The worst time to look for a job is when you feel desperate and must have a new one immediately.1If you are not in need of an immediate career change, here are ways you can improve your long-term career prospects today:Identify at least two different roles. You do not have to be qualified for these positions today, nor do they have to exist in your company. However, these roles should be related to your current skill set. They are career options that look interesting.2Pay close attention to what appeals to you, and write it down. This will give insight into your motivations and targets.Subscribe to a career specific magazine. Knowledge is power in the workplace. All businesses must stay relevant to their customers in order to win the competitions and increase revenue（收益）. Reading about industry trends, advancements and success stories keeps you in touch with market conditions. This information allows you to see which companies and professionals are leading the pack. You can follow their examples in your own workplace.3Do exceptional work. In any role, there is a way to perform at your best. Look for ways to deliver a top performance. Show up early, be flexible to new assignments, have a positive attitude, cooperate with other departments, pay attention to the little details.Be professionally curious. Talk to people about their careers. Learn more about how success is measured in other roles, departments and companies. Ask people their thoughts on different industries.4People hire people. You never know what connections may be relevant when you start your next job search, so develop a habit of making good connections no matter where you go. Take the time to learn about others, and be helpful when you can.As in all things in life, getting in front of a different task early is always less stressful than reacting to a career surprise. Changing jobs is to be expected. No matter how secure you feel today, the time will come when either you or your employer decide it is time to change.A. If you associate with distinguished people, you are likely to find yourself with better opportunities.B. Challenge yourself to expand your business knowledge through interactions with people at regular time.C. In addition, the chances, if any, are low that you can find a satisfactory job in an economic situation like this.D. Once you have a couple of targets, think about why and what interests you.E. That is to say, the people you keep company with determine your character development.F. Job searching under pressure often results in nervous interviewing and decision-making from relatively few options.六、阅读简答8、【来源】 2017年上海闵行区高三二模第71题5分2017年上海松江区高三二模第71题5分Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.There are various means consumers can do if they find that an item they bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claims. A simple and common method used by many consumer is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo does not work". The store manager may advise the consumer to writeto the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer's rights.七、翻译9、【来源】 2017年上海闵行区高三二模第72~76题10分Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 看孩子们在沙滩上打排球很有趣。
2017上海英语高考各区二模完型汇编及答案
上海二模各区完型汇编2017宝山区TraditionArt SurvivingNative American Indians expressed themselves through their artwork, which is carved ontopoles. Many people hold the belief (21) __________all Native American Indian totem（图腾）totem poles, but this is far from the truth . Carving totem poles was a carve的tribes （部落）tradition among many tribes , especially those that lived along the Pacific coast(22)____________forest grew. However , those Native American Indians who lived in the south Indians , but (23)_________(few) trees to carve than Pacific tribes.west and the plains , andThe height of totem poles can vary considerably . Long ago totem poles (24)___________(find) to stand around 12m tall . Today , Native American Indian artists continue tocare trees, but some totem poles are short and are used in homes as decoration .(25)_____________is not surprising that a genuine pole will cost more than $1500 per meter because traditionally carved totem involve a great deal of work , craftsmanship and time to produce.The raising of a totem pole is an important celebration among the India tribe . A hole is dugfor the pole to stand in . The pole is carried to the site in a ceremony which other hundreds ofpeople attend. Ropes are used (26)__________(raise) the pole into place. Singing and dancing to drums accompanies the pole raising . Often poles are raised in this way (27) ___________thecarving begins . Carvers do their jobs then on the site.Many people believe that totem poles are religious symbols , but this idea is false. Instead of(28) __________(act) as religious symbols , carvings represent the tribal nation and convey thetribes' history . The story of a totem pole is frequently passed down from generation to generation . Having the story documented this way helps keep this tradition (29) __________(recognize) inour history . These days , many totem poles no longer exist (30) _______ __________ decay androt. However , there are still some tribes that continue to practice this ancient are form , and these totem poles are still being enjoyed by collections of tribal art.II. Grammar and Vocabulary25. It 24. were found 22. where 23. fewer 21. that30. because of29. recognized 26. to raise 27. before 28. acting崇明区Delivering Food by DroneA Singapore restaurant plans to use drones (遥控飞机) to transport food and drinks from the kitchen to a wait station near customers' tables.Infinium Robotics, the Singapore company that's developing the drones for restaurant chain Timbre, has spent the past two weeks testing the technology at the restaurant before it opens each night21 business and hopes to have it in place by the end of the year.But how does the drone know where to hover (盘旋)? What if someone bumps into the drone or is standing in its way? “There's no chance at all 22 it will hit anything,”says Infinium Robotics chief executive Junyang Woon.The drones automatically charge while 23 (wait) in the kitchen. 24 the chef putsan order on the drone, he hits a button on a keypad and the drone automatically flies to one of two wait stations. Sense-and-avoid technology 25 (build) into the drone won't allow it to land at the wait station if anything is in its way. The drones are equipped with sonar (声纳系统) and an infrared sensor (红外线传感器), too.A waiter then removes the food or drink from the drone and hits a button 26 sends itback to the kitchen. The drones, weighing a little over five pounds, 27 carry just over four pounds of food. Infinium Robotics is working on a model that will carry twice as 28 (much) food.“Its job is to help the waiters to reduce some of their boring tasks, ”Woon said. “If they let the robots 29 (do) the job, they can concentrate on interacting with customers to bring about higher customer satisfaction and dining experience.”Since it drew recent media attention, Woon 30 (hear) from resorts and restaurants in 10countries, including the United States.II. Grammar and Vocabulary（共20分。
2017届上海市各区高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题汇编--中英翻译--学生版(已校对)
V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 看到他的表情，我忍不住把实情告诉了他。
(resist)73. 随着时间的推移，那本日记上的字迹现在已模糊不清，难以辨认。
(With)74. 把难记的单词或句子同一件有趣的事情联系起来，记住它们就轻而易举了。
(associate)75. 正是因为学习方法因人而异，所以在学习和生活中适合你的不一定就适合我。
(vary)V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 永远不要对你孩子的缺点熟视无睹。
(blind)73. 任何情况下，你都不应该恶意评论他人。
(Under…)74. 申请人必须精通英语，否则他无法胜任这个岗位。
(command)75. 除了美味的咖啡和甜品，这间咖啡馆还提供各种书籍，从小说到诗歌，应有尽有，足以让你安静地度过一个下午。
(range)V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 正巧这几天有空，去公园散步如何？(happen)73. 一副油画赠予了该美术馆，以纪念两个城市间的珍贵友谊。
(honor)74. 与诗歌欣赏有关的电视节目倍受欢迎，以致于越来越多的人开始关注中国古典文学。
(So…)75. 这位年轻的科学家把获得的众多突出成就归功于从高中时期开始就博览群书、做事持之以恒、不甘落后。
2017届上海市各区高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题汇编--摘要写作(Summary Writing)--学生版(已校对)
IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How Safe Is Your Bed?Do you consider your bed a safe place of rest and calm? Do you sink into a mattress (床垫) after a hard day’s work and feel tension and stress drain away as you rest your weary head on a soft pillow? Well, you might not feel so relaxed if you knew that tiny pests were hiding there! It seems that beds may not be such a good place for our health and happiness ---- they could actually be making us ill!Recent studies have shown that bacteria, fungi and dust mites (螨虫), some smaller than the diameter of a hair, live in our bedding. When we move around in our sleep, we disturb them and they are bounced up into the air -- which we then breathe in as we sleep. According to the American Lung Association, four out of five households in the United States now have high levels of dust mites, although it’s not the mites themselves that cause the problems, but their droppings. These are “highly allergenic(致敏的)” according to Dr William Berger, a fellow with the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. “Even if you aren’t allergic… they can still irritate you, the way pepper would if it blew into your nose and eyes.”Brendan Boor, Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering, who carries out bed research, also found that bed dust in the air leads to allergies -- causing watery eyes, sneezing, coughs and asthma. He has recommended ways to limit our exposure to these boring allergens: Firstly, he suggests vacuuming your mattress regularly –weekly, or even daily. He also recommends doing away with carpets and washing floors. Using allergen-proof bed covers, he says, can reduce the risk of getting allergies. In addition, washing bedding and pillows frequently can help, as can a portable air cleaner placed near the bed.If you do as Brendan Boor suggests, you will breathe in cleaner air as you sleep … or will you? Is it really safe for you to go back in your bed?IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Moustache（胡子）for Cash“Movember”, as the annual event is known, sees men in countries including the UK, US and Australia grow out their facial hair while collecting sponsorship money from friends, family and colleagues, with the money going to cancer charities.The month of no shaving began unofficially in 2003, when a pair of men from Australia persuaded their family to join them in growing a moustache in order to encourage men to get themselves checked for cancer, which is seen as distasteful by some males. A year later, the group decided to set up the Movember Foundation, asking friends and colleagues to offer donations of money to support their efforts, and raised a massive A$54,000 which was shared between a number of health projects. With thanks most likely to social media, Movember soon went global and the foundation now operates worldwide, having raised over ￡440 million since 2004. The effects of the fundraising are wide-reaching, which had made a significant discovery in the treatment of cancer.The issue of some men being too self-willed to visit their doctor for a checkup, or perhaps being raised in a culture of “tough it out”, has led some males to neglect their health, which may mean it could be too late if something potentially deadly did develop. However, Movember is helping to break down the shame of male health by making it more accessible, meaning that men are more likely to visit their doctors. They found a way to appeal to men in a way that other campaigns just don’t – with a sort of blokey① jokiness.①blokey: behaving in a way that is supposed to be typical of men , especially men enjoying themselves in a group.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Every year, more and more parents complain to their children’s schools about PE. They believe that their children shouldn’t have to participate in physical activity if they don’t want to .Supporters of PE, however, believe that it is a crucial element of all-round schooling and our society’s well-being. They insist PE in schools remains one of the few places by which the youth can be forced to participate in aerobic exercise.Firstly, they believe that participation in sport promotes health. In fact physical education is a springboard for involvement in sport and physical activities throughout life. Government is, or should be, concerned with the health of its citizens. Encouraging physical activity in the young through compulsory PE fights child obesity and contributes to forming lifelong habits of exercise. This doesn’t have to be through traditional team sports; increasingly schools are able to offer exercise in the form of swimming, gymnastics, dance, etc.Besides, physical education helps to develop character and the mutual（相互的）respect required to succeed in an adult environment. Playing team sports builds character and encourages students to work with others, as they would be expected to do in most business or sporting environments. Sport teaches children how to win and lose with good grace and builds a strong school spirit through competition with other institutions. It is often the experience of playing on a team together that builds the strongest friendships at school, which endure for years afterwards.Finally, the pursuit for national sporting achievement begins in schools. If schools don’t have compulsory PE, it is much harder to pick out, develop and equip athletes to represent the country on a wider stage. However, it’s much easier to find suitable individuals with a full sports program in every school.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.HopeNothing in my life had prepared me for what I had to do. Choosing my words carefully, and fighting to stay calm, I told my 4-year-old daughter that her grandmother had suffered a stroke（中风），that she was unconscious, and that the doctors said she would probably never wake up. As she moved closer to me, Amelia looked at me, eyes bright, and said,“Maybe Grandma will be okay.”“Maybe she will,”I said, keeping back the tears, But I knew better. I was flying up to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, from our Florida home in the morning to say good-bye to my mom.The rest of that awful week, I joined my brother and father sitting by my mother’s side in the hospital room. I held her hand and talked to her. I told her that we still needed her. I told her that it wasn’t time to leave yet. I told her how much I loved her. And I told her that her little granddaughter, Amelia, believed that she’d get better. The doctors, with all their years of training and experience, offered no hope for recovery. The damage was simply too extensive.Then, a couple of weeks later, an odd thing happened. Mom woke up. She regained consciousness. Persevered through a long and tough recovery, during which she had to learn to walk, read, and write all over again, and eventually returned home to Dad. The only one who wasn’t shocked was Amerlia. The doctors couldn’t explain it. Amelia didn’t need to. Hope came as naturally to her as breathings.So why are we so afraid to hope sometimes? Maybe it’s because over the year, life’s disappointments can turn us to disillusionment（理想破灭）. How many times have you heard someone say:“Hope for the best, expect the worst”?That’s not really hope at all.Hope is being able to look at our world with all of the joy and wonder of a child.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Meet The Member Who Quit SugarWhen I was 15, I weighed 100 kg.I was a size 20+ and hated the way I looked. I was a serial big eater and quite depressed. I would sit in front of the fridge, eat something, move to the cupboard, eat a packet of chips, and move back to the fridge.It was a heartbreaking cycle of hate and food. I didn’t feel confident, pretty, or worthwhile.Shopping made me cry, I avoided mirrors, and my social life came to an end. I actually lost friends because they told me I was antisocial. It became so bad that I wanted to abuse myself; my skin and my mind became my enemy.But then, I turned my life around. I quit sugar.It started with my mum. She staged an intervention(干预) that made me cry. I wanted to change - I needed to change - and she could see how unhappy I was.She put me onto a diet that mostly aimed to schedule meals, and - to my shock horror - cut out all processed sugar. It was so hard at first. I remember the shame of sneaking chocolate and candies when the three o’clock hunger hits.But the weeks kept coming and it just got easier. I stopped eating sugar, and I stopped loving it; simple as that.I substituted chips and biscuits for fruit and nuts, and had cup-of-soups after school when I was hit by the desire. I also had more energy, having a 20-minute walk with my dog into my everyday routine; I began to love that personal time.Cutting out sugar gave me so much more control over my body, and my outlook on life improved. So many people are intimidated by the words “quit sugar”. It’s not true. Fruit, honey, et cetera are natural sugars, and believe me, they fuel you better than chocolate bars ever could.Now I’m 17, turning 18, and I weigh 70 kg. I still struggle with my weight, but this is w here I sit naturally, and I am very proud of myself. I never thought I would be confident enough to wear dresses or skirts, and take leadership roles to put myself out there and develop my social skills.I could never have done it without the support of my friends and family, and I urge everyone who wants to do right by themselves and change their diet - quitting sugar or otherwise - to share their decision with people. Develop a support network, online or offline, which can offer you advice or pick you up when you’re down. And I can assure you, from my own personal experience, your body will thank you, and you will thank yourself too.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.There are various means consumers can do if they find that an item they bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer’s claims. A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the placeof purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general st atements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work”. The store manager may advice the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer’s rights.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why do we read poetry? First obvious one: because we enjoy it. The only other reason is for academic purposes, and that's not why this is here.Many of us read poetry simply because we often feel depressed and hopelessly lost, and in poetry we see how beautiful and strange everything is. So in that way poetry calms our anxiety.There are many different kinds of poems. They are not all calming. Some poems make me anxious, angry, scared, and sad, which is why I value them. As a reader, I want a full meal, not just dessert. I want the sweet and the bitter. Often, I read poetry when I’m already relaxed. In fact, I read more when I'm not stressed out.Here are the main reasons I respond to poetry, as far as I can tell. Metrical (格律的) poems are about setting up rules and then bending them. Usually this is done by setting up a rhythm and then breaking it or almost breaking it, and then returning to it again. This satisfies my desire for order and also my desire for testing boundaries.Poetry plays with language and often puts words together in surprising ways, which is thrilling the way that food can be, when the chef has paired ingredients you never thought would taste good together but somehow do.Many poems are dense. Words mean two or three things at once and lots of suggestions are packed between the lines. This is intellectually inspiring and it allows me to read the same poem over and over, always finding new things in it.And, of course, there’s the subject matter. It interests me ju st as it would if the same subject was explored in a story or essay. Not all poems interest me in this way, but then not all stories and essays do, either.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Wearable technology can reportedly tell you a lot more than just the number of calories you’re burning or how many steps you’ve walked… That clever smartwatch can actually tell that you’re about to get a cold, days before you start feeling poorly. As New Scientist reports, researchers at Stanford University in California have discovered that wearable tech can now detect when you’re about to fall prey to (感染) a frightening winter bug, simply by tracking your vital statistics.After monitoring 40 smartwatch users for up to two years, the team has demonstrated that the devices can be used to detect the first signs of coming illness. The particip ants’ pulse and skin temperature were continuously monitored throughout the period, with the scientists noting that their smartwatches recorded unusually higher heart rates and skin temperatures up to three days before the volunteers began displaying symptoms of cold or flu.Study leader Michael Snynder said: “Once these wearables collect enough data to know what your normal baseline readings are, they can get very good at sensing when something goes wrong. We think that if your heart rate and skin temperat ure are elevated for about two hours, there’s a strong chance you’re getting sick.” “Continuous tracking of your vital signs is more informative than having a doctor measure them once a year and comparing them with population averages,” he added.The team now hopes to create an algorithm (算法) that will let smartwatches notify you when you’re about to get sick. Well, at least that might give us the chance to stock up on vitaminsand wrap up warm before the germ attacks!IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Fun Offices Make Workers Happier?In order to make their employees happier, companies around the world have been busy installing play equipment in the workplace. Table football, computer games and action figures have become common in some workplaces.Despite all this effort, unfortunately, work still makes people unhappy. According to a study by the London School of Economics, the place where people feel most miserable is work.To proceed with an emphasis on being happy, however, other emotions are crowded out. Anger, sadness, anxiety and uncertainty all become a no-no. Such a ban on negative emotions can be emotionally bad for employees. A number of studies have shown that being able to express a range of positive and negative emotions is important, particularly when people are dealing with difficult experiences.Besides, being constantly on the lookout for happiness may actually drive happiness away from us. Scientists have found that when we talk about how important happiness is, we become less likely to find it, even when we have experiences that usually make us happy.Wanting to be happy at work is fair enough, but being forced to be happy at work can be troubling. If companies were genuinely interested in making their employees happy, they would perhaps look at some more “down-to-eart h” interventions (务实的干预). A simple step would be to stop interrupting workers with all sorts of pointless demands such as long emails and unnecessary forms. A study by Harvard Business School found workers felt most satisfied on days when they were able to focus on a piece of work and make meaningful progress on it.In short, if companies really want to make their employees happier, they should think long and hard before pointless restructuring.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great HouseAs early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For thousands of years , people have sailed across the oceans to trade , explore and transportgoods . However , not every ship arrives at its port of destination . Weather ,war , navigation mistakes and bad luck have caused many ships to sink to the bottom of the ocean. These shipwrecks , which are estimated to number more than three million , have long fascinated us . In addition to being historically important , they sometimes contain great riches.Historical research is a key motivator for shipwreck hunters . Ships carrying documents and artifact can teach us about ancient civilizations and important events . For instance , in 1997 the Pandora , which sank in 791, was discovered off the coast of Australia . The findings from the ship helped us understand the events surrounding the famous mutiny (暴动) on another ship ----- the Bounty . Another important discovery off the US coast in 1996 is widely believed to be the Queen Ann’s Revenge , the flagship of the private Blackbeard.Profit is another motive for shipwreck exploration ,as companies use advanced sonar , robots and retrieval equipment to find treasure ships . One such firm is Odyssey Marine Exploration . The company has found hundreds of ships , including , in 2007 , a Spanish sailing ship containing 500,000 silver coins. The ship , which sank 200 years ago in the Atlantic Ocean , carried a treasure estimated to be worth $500 million . Soon after the discovery , a long legal battle over ownership rights took place between the company and the Spanish government . Cases like these are part of an ongoing debate about protecting historically important ships from treasure hunters.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Moving My CurfewFor some time now , I have had an 8:00 p.m. curfew ---the time by which I have to be at home , even on weekends. When I was younger , I didn’t really complain . But now I have reached an age when this curfew is no longer suitable . For several reasons , it is clearly time to move my curfew to 10:00 p.m. on weekends.First of all , I ’m soon going to be an adult , like all teenagers , I need practice handling the greater freedom that goes along with being an adult . When teenagers don’t get practice handling freedom , they often make many serious mistakes. For example , some teenagers go away to college and suddenly they don’t know how to handle it , and they get into trouble . I上海市各区2017届高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题汇编：摘要写作Summary Writingbelieve it is better to increase freedom gradually . That may the teenager learners how to handle freedom responsibly . I believe I could handle a later curfew without making serious mistakes in judgment.A later curfew is also important to me because I’m an active student . As you know , I am often on the committee in charge of running extra-curricular activities .Because of my present curfew , I have to finish school activities over an hour before they are over. Others students must take over for me when I leave . A 10:00 curfew would allow me to stay until the end of school functions and give me enough time to get home without rushing .Finally , I am a teenager who can be trusted to handle a 10:00 p.m curfew . I know that many teenagers cannot handle much responsibility . However , I am clearly not that kind of teenager. I have proven myself to be a very responsible person . For example , I have never been in serious trouble , either at school or in the company . I also hold a part-time job and still manage to maintain a “B” average in school . In other words , I am a person who uses my time wisely , meets responsibilities an stays out of trouble .11。
上海市2017届高三英语二模汇编-完型填空
——选词填空Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ask Siri if she’s a woman. Go ahead: try it. She'll tell you she’s____41____. “Like cacti, a certain species of fish,” she might say. So is Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, Samsung’s S V oice, and Google Now. But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women? ____42____, we think of them as ladies too. In Old Norse(古挪威语), Siri translates to “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory”. We assign female pronouns to them, and, in turn, they fold female turns of phrase into their robotic and occasionally silly answers to our requests.If we prize gender diversity(多样性) in other areas of daily life, why does our tech sound so____43____? The biggest reason for the female phone fixation rests in social science. “Research indicates there’s likely to be greater acceptance of female____44____,” says Karl MacDorman, a professor at Indiana University who specializes in human computer interaction. MacDorman and his team played clips of male and female voices to people of both genders, then asked them to identify which they____45____. The researchers also measured the way participants responded to the voices. In a 2011 paper, they reported that both women and men said female voices came across as warmer. ____46____, women even showed a subconscious preference for responding to females; men remained subconsciously neutral.Why the____47____? Stanford University communications professor Clifford Nass wrote that people tend to see female voices as helping them solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems. We want____48____ to help us, but we also want to be the boss of it, so we are more likely to choose a female interface(接口程序).This tendency suggests that companies will make a better impression on a ____49____group of customers with a woman's voice. But not just any voice. It has to ____50____ a brand’s personality. For help with that, companies often turn to Greg Pal, vice president of marketing, strategy, and business development at Nuance Communications, which licenses its____51____of more than 100 voices. Pal insists that some brands choose male speakers. He turned on his iPhone and pulled up the Domino's Pizza app, which has an assistant, Dom. He sounded like a high school English teacher--educated and helpful but not ____52____. That's about right for a brand attempting to ____53____ guys ordering pies before the big game.As voice technology improves, though, designers say diversity will too. Many devices already letyou ____54____ a voice interface. For example. Homer Simpson, a famous cartoon character can tell you where to take a left on our GPS device. And Siri can become a sir, if you take the time to____55____. Want to know how to do it? Ask her. She'll tell you in her uniquely warm, helpful--and female--tone.41. A. robotic B. high-tech C. genderless D. creative42.A. Culturally B. Obviously C. Grammatically D. Undoubtedly43.A. female B. ridiculous C. professional D. reasonable44. A. charm B. professors C. speech D. participants45.A. accepted B. misunderstood C. studied D. preferred46. A. In practice B. On the contrary C. By this means D. At first47. A. neutrality B. prejudice C. authority D. conscience48. A. interaction B. technology C. personality D. society49. A. more sociable B. more talented C. broader D. wealthier50. A. improve B. develop C. admire D. suit51. A. market B. business C. research D. library52.A. strange B. bossy C. reliable D. unique53. A. appeal to B. look into C. meet with D. run after54. A. educate B. customize C. leave D. answerA. buildB. tailorC. playD. improve(宝山区只有54题选项单词与长宁等3区不一样) 55. A. repeat B. assist C. reprogram D. communicate41-45 CAACD46-50 ABBCD 51-55 DBABCDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Good news for awkward teenagers around the world. As time goes by, you could ___41___ up like a completely different person.This comes from the longest running personality study ever ___42__ by scientist. According to researchers from the University of Edinburgh in the UK, our personality changes so much from youth to old age that most people’s personalities in older age are barely ___43___ compared to their younger selves.The researchers analyzed results from a study in 1947, which gathered 1,208 teenagers in Scotland aged 14 and asked their teachers to ___44___ their personalities based on six traits（特征）.Now, more than six decades later, the University of Edinburgh team has managed to contact 635 of the ___45___ students, and 174 agreed to have their personalities tested once more.At an average age of 76.7 years old, the group were asked to ___46___ themselves on the same six personality traits, then pick a close friend or family member to do the same.By ___47___ the then-and-now test results, the researchers found that there is hardly any relationship between traits people had as teenagers and those in their older years.It was “as if the second tests had been given to ___48___ people,” the study’s researchers wrote in their report, which was published in journal Psychology and Aging.The results were a surprise because research in the past found personality ___49___ in people tested from childhood to middle-age, and from middle-age to older age.As the team explained, our personality appears stable over short intervals -- ___50___ so throughout adulthood. ___51___, the longer the interval between two tests of personality, the ___52___ the relationship between the two tends to be.It’s clear that more studies are needed to find out what’s going on here. But it could be the first ___53___ that it’s not just our cells that are being ___54___ throughout life – the way we think, feel and behave might no be as ___55___ as we once thought.41. A. hold B. wake C. end D. cheer42. A. carried out B. applied to C. participated in D. made up43. A. incredible B. accessible C. changeable D. recognizable44. A. assemble B. assess C. assume D. access45. A. alternative B. individual C. original D. separate46. A. score B. rate C. comment D. remark47. A. comparing B. reviewing C. presenting D. observing48. A. young B. similar C. amateur D. different49. A. combination B. stability C. transformation D. flexibility50. A. increasingly B. strangely C. subsequently D. obviously51. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise52. A. stronger B. closer C. further D. weaker53. A. option B. sign C. symptom D. cause54. A. replaced B. exposed C. divided D. cultivated55. A. stuck in mud B. buried in sand C. lost in thought D. set in stone41-55 CADBC BADBA CDBADDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently _________boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are _______as big heroes.It seems to me that people, especially men, find it _______because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can _______ the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a ______ themselves. It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time, but they cannot show their _______in their everyday lives. Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression.However, there is a ______side to boxing. It can be a very dangerous sport. Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and amateur boxers ______have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing, sometimes with ________consequences. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the__________. Furthermore, studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing, in the form of serious brain _______, even if a boxer has never been knocked out.I am personally not at all in ______of aggressive sports like boxing. I think it would be better if less time was _______to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough already! Of course, people like _______sports, and so do I, but I think that ______other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design42. A. kept B. individual C. thought D. treated43. A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging44. A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely49. A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard51. A. loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power53. A. shifted B. transformed C. given D. delivered54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hitting41-45 BDACA 46-50 BDCAB 51-55CACADSection BDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.To Apologize or Not to ApologizeWhy difficult?When we do wrong to someone we know, even not 41 , we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when we’re acting as leaders, the circumstances are 42 . The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the 43 but also at the level of the institution. It is a performance in which every word or expression 44 ,as they become part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness.Why now?The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more 45 . During the last decade or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology culture—apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more 46 than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of 47 apologies. Meanwhile, more and more articles, advice columns, and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of 48 apologies. Although they are not carried out in the public place, we can’t neglect the importance of this performance. Why 49 ?Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult, embarrassing, and even risky? Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target for 50 . They are expected to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be a strong 51 . Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so.Why refuse?Why is it that leaders so often try every means to 52 apologies, even when a public apology seems to be in order? Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public figures, their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even 53 risky. Apologies can be signalsfor admitting mistakes and mistakes can be indication of job insecurity. Leaders may also be afraid that 54 of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. There can be good reasons for hanging tough (硬撑) in tough situations, as we shall see, but it is a high-risk 55 .41. A. immediately B. intentionally C. occasionally D. accidentally42. A. simple B. ridiculous C. abnormal D. different43. A. individual B. company C. family D. society44. A. conflicts B. matters C. appeals D. deceives45. A. urgent B. possible C. necessary D. simple46. A. interestedly B. patiently C. frequently D. hopefully47. A. faithful B. trusty C. immediate D. public48. A. sincere B. acceptable C. private D. positive49. A. bother B. reduce C. regret D. ignore50. A. promotion B. criticism C. appreciation D. identification51. A. personality B. will C. reason D. desire52. A. attempt B. involve C. commit D. avoid53. A. financially B. professionally C. academically D. physically54. A. avoidance B. admission C. involvement D. elimination55. A. fulfillment B. statement C. occupation D. strategy41-45 BDABA 46-50 CDCAB 51-55 CDBBDDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Paris agreement to fight climate change became international law Friday. The landmark deal aims to deal with global warming among growing (41)______ that the world is becoming hotter even faster than scientists expected.So far, 96 countries, accounting for just over two-thirds of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, have formally joined the agreement, which (42)______ to limit global warming this century to 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above what it was before machines and (43)______ appeared in the late 1700s. The United States (44) ______ entered into the agreement in September, and more countries are expected to come aboard in the coming weeks and months.United Nations Secretary General Ban-Ki Moon celebrated the event, talking with nongovernmental groups at U.N. headquarters in New York to hear their concerns and (45)______ for the future.“This is an emotional moment for me. It is a credit to all of you. And it is (46)______ for the world,” Ban said in his opening remarks.He praised the (47)______ for getting hundreds of millions of people to back fighting climate change but (48)______ the outcome remained uncertain.“We are still in a race (49)______ time. We need to move on to a low-emission and climate-sustainable future,” Ban added.Scientists praised the speed at which the agreement, signed by 192 parties last December in Paris, has come into force, saying it shows a new commitment by the international community to (50)_____ a problem that is melting polar ice caps, sending sea levels (51)______and transforming vast areas into desert.“(52)______ the real effect of the agreement after it goes into effect is still uncertain, it is a simplesign that the international society is much more open to alter economic and political behavior to control climate change, which is (53)______ positive,” said Feng Qi, executive director of the School of Environmental and Sustainability Sciences at Kean University in New Jersey.Scientists and (54)______ say the agreement is the first step of a much longer and complicated process of reducing the use of fossil fuels, which currently (55) ______ the majority of the planet’s energy needs and also are the primary drivers of global warming.41. A. applicants B. fears C. observations D. comments42. A. seeks B. allows C. assumes D. seizes43. A. institutions B. laboratories C. committees D. factories44. A. formally B. instantly C. particularly D. generally45. A. prejudices B. approaches C. visions D. concepts46. A. spiritual B. historic C. appropriate D. valueless47. A. agreements B. groups C. headquarters D. emissions48. A. apologized B. denied C. warned D. overlooked49. A. against B. on C. for D. without50. A. avoid B. find C. address D. ignore51. A. falling B. rising C. disappearing D. remaining52. A. Until B. Since C. If D. While53. A. under no circumstances B. on the contraryC. in no caseD. by all means54. A. officers B. policymakers C. employers D. technicians55. A. remove B. preserve C. supply D. restore41-45 BADAC46-50 BBCAC51-55 BDDBCFill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Being Bigger isn’t Necessarily Considered BetterThe film, which famously started life in 1939, has now declared a new age, that of smaller start-up. By 2014, when Ms Whitman announced HP’s decision to separate its computer and printer business from its corporate hardware and services operations, the company had grown into a clumsy ____41____Its fortunes started to ____42_____with a series of expensive and much criticized purchase. By 2012 it had lost its position as the World ‘s leading supplier of PCs to Lenovo. The dramatic ____43____was aimed at helping the firm adapt to the new age of mobile and online computing, responding to shareholder demands for more aggressive ______44_____.“ I would go from laser jet printing to our big enterprise services contracts where we were running the back end of IT for many big companies and organizations. These two things are not like each other. So the ability to focus and engage with customers on a(n)____45____set of objectives and business outcomes.I can already see the differences.” Ms Whitmannn, who now heads the new spin-off. Hewlett Packard Enterprise ( HPE) selling servers and services, says the change has already ___46____her performance. “One big change is it ____47____each of the divisions to pursue the strategy that is right for them. ____48_____, there is ‘no way ‘printer and PC company HP Inc’s decision last year to by Samsung’s printing business for $1 bn would have happened when it was part of the larger firm. So it’s that ability to drive your own program, not ____49___by other businesses that don’t have the same characteristics.” MsWhitman is so convinced her strategy is working that she’s ____50_____HPE further, spinning off both its business services division and its software business into separate companies last year.Her assumption that bigger doesn’t always mean better seems ____51____. After all, a larger company should find it easier to dominate the market it operates in. But the rapid rise of much small start-ups, competing and often overtaking these established powerful companies means the accepted wisdom that ____52_____equals success is being challenged.____53______in 2014, eBay carved PayPal , the electronic payments arm it bought in 2001, off from the main online sale business.Box, a cloud storage company, is another case in point. Founder Aaron Levie says,” Whether Uber, Airbnb,those same lessons _____54____, which is if you can build something that’s cheaper, faster and more scalable and delivers a far better customer experience than what the traditional sellers were able to do, then you can be extremely ___55_____.41. A. appearance B. construction C. giant D. possession42. A. decline B. increase C. stay D. vary43. A. adventure B. combination C. development D. split44. A. behavior B. growth C. markets D. policies45. A. ambitious B. complex C. narrow D. overall46. A. delivered B. improved C. measured D. standardized47. A. allows B. employs C. reminds D.threatens48. A. All in all B. For example C. On the contrary D. What’s more49. A. held back B. kept on C. looked over D. taken down50. A. dissolved B. expanded C. operated D. shrunk51. A. fundamental B. reasonable C. surprising D. widespread52. A. diligence B. discipline C. profit D. size53. A. Comparatively B. Generally C. Similarly D. Unexpectedly54. A. apply B. fail C. hide D. increase55. A. friendly B. miserable C. motivated D. troublesome41-45 CADBC BABAD CDCADFill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.More Parents Shifting Careers to Achieve Work-life BalanceAs a television news host, Cynthia Demos’ schedule made her home life a challenge. Working nights and weekends meant she rarely put her 3-year-old son and 5-year-old daughter to bed, or spent Saturdays at the park. So, three years ago, Demos began testing the waters to see if operating her own business making marketing videos would create an option for more 41 time.Last month, Demos took a leap. Instead of renegotiating her 42 , she left her job to take her venture to the next level — building her own video production/media training company. It’s a career shift on a path to work-life balance that more 43 are making.New research shows the top reason why people leave their jobs is to 44 opportunities with a better work-life balance. Those who make the 45 say there almost always is a main cause, either work-or home-related. It could be a life-changing event like the birth of a child, or it could be a new demanding boss, change in job responsibilities, or too many missed milestone events. It might even be a more 46 job offer.For Denie Harris, the main cause was the attraction of a better 47 situation for a mom with young daughters. Harris had been marketing director for two companies in South Florida when an opportunity came her way to hold a similar position at her daughters’ school. It was a decision that required 48 all factors. The upside included seeing her children during the workday and sharing the same 49 with them. The downside was leaving the corporate world and earning less. “Everything in life is a give-and-take,” Harris says. “For a mom, working at your children’s school is the best possible place to be.”In the 50 to achieve work-life balance, working mothers having been “quitting” jobs for more than a decade, choosing to stay at home with their children when 51 possible. But today, both men and women are making job changes, choosing work options that better fit their 52 lifestyle. The shift often means serious consideration of 53 , including salary, advancement and fulfillment.Doug Bartel, who left his job as a TV news producer more than a decade ago, says that what working fathers often look for is predictability and control over their schedules. They are starting their own law firms or becoming self-employed consultants to gain that 54 .Big salaries aren’t necessarily the golden handcuffs(手铐) they used to be. With the traditional 40-hour workweek becoming out of date, a survey of nearly 9,700 full-time workers by the global firm of Ernst & Young found that most parents are willing to make 55 and financial concessions (让步)for work-life balance.41. A. balance B. business C. family D. entertainment42. A. issue B. contract C. future D. contribution43. A. employers B. employees C. children D. parents44. A. give up B. seek out C. act on D. substitute for45. A. change B. mistake C. difference D. effort46. A. budget-friendly B. female-friendly C. family-friendly D. business-friendly47. A. work B. living C. security D. education48. A. identifying B. understanding C. describing D. weighing49. A. idea B. feeling C. value D. schedule50. A. struggle B. permission C. decision D. ability51. A. physically B. medically C. financially D. logically52. A. past B. desired C. interesting D. modern53. A. jobs B. hobbies C. sacrifices D. partners54. A. power B. support C. skill D. control55. A. identity B. career C. mental D. considerate41-45 CBDBA46-50 CADDA51-55 CBCDBFill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Robots’ IntelligenceAs Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly complicated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be ____41____, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell if we figure out how to turn human ___42_____into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language. ____43____, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the ____44____children.” You would want that robot ____45_____with a good set of values.” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots havebeen programmed to keep a ___46____distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that’s the kind of thing a ____47____brought-up person would do.It will be possible to ___48_____more complicated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules. Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are ____49____.The biggest ____50_____with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they’re produced a system that will ____51_____some kind of taboo （禁忌）. One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with a(n) ____52____situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps ,and ask for ___53_____from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in ____54_____, and how to create a set of ethical（伦理的）rules. But if we ___55_____an answer , robots could be good for humanity.41. A. avoided B. revised C. increased D. rejected42. A. personalities B. behaviors C. intentions D. values43. A. Instead B. For example C. After all D. As a result44. A. special B. demanding C. bright D. starving45. A. preloaded B. downloaded C. uploaded D. upgraded46. A. comfortable B. private C. sufficient D. noticeable47. A. literarily B. independently C. properly D. naturally48. A. manufacture B. install C. introduce D. create49. A. careless B. senseless C. powerless D. thoughtless50. A. doubt B. threat C. concern D. prospect51. A. subject B. prohibit C. observe D. break52. A. similar B. familiar C. unusual D. ideal53. A. permission B. guidance C. feedback D. comment54. A. principle B. moral C. standard D. technology55. A. look into B. pick out C. turn to D. come up with41-45 ADBDA 46-50 ACDAC 51-55 DCBBDDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why College is Not HomeThe college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy (自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an ___41____period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students are not shouldered with adult _____42____.In the past two decades, continued connections with and ___43____on family, thanks to cell phones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with housework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family toautonomy,universities have ____44_____to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college need to be a time of ___45____and experimentation. This process involves “trying on” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually and personally._____46_____we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views.____47_____ growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning.Learning to deal with the ___48____world is equally important. Because a college community （群体）differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of ____49___. If students rely on administrations to ___50_____their social behavior and thinking pattern,they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity,within a larger and complex community.______51___,the tendency for universities to monitor and __52_____student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined (规定), the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize many actually be _____53___. It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so.Our generation once joined hands and stood from at times of national emergence. What is lacking today is the _____54____between desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their home to be replacement homes and not places to experience growth.But Every college discussion about community values,social climates and behavior should include ___55__of the development importance of students autonomy and self-regulation.41. A. expanded B. educational C. expected D. extended42. A. responsibilities B. abilities C. knowledge D. experience43. A. concentration B. dependence C. influence D. decision44. A. give up B. give away C. give in D. give out45. A. instruction B. exploration C. reflection D. preparation46. A. When B. While C. Since D. If47. A. Intellectual B. Spiritual C. Logical D. Psychological48. A. adult B. virtual C. real D. social49. A. satisfaction B. duty C. belonging D. curiosity50. A. understand B. train C. protect D. regulate51. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Thus D. However52. A. change B. criticize C. shape D. motivate53. A. encouraged B. challenged C. agreed D. realized54. A. difference B. tension C. balance D. conflict55. A. observation B. recognition C. determination D. judgment41-45 DABCB 46-50 BADCD 51-55 BCADBDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Throughout history, many lives have been lost at the hands of severe weather. Meteorologists (气象学家) and scientists alike are always investigating new ways to increase the warning time for storms, with the。
2017上海英语高考各区二模完型汇编及答案
2017上海二模各区完型汇编宝山区Surviving Art TraditionNative American Indians expressed themselves through their artwork, which is carved onto totem（图腾）poles. Many people hold the belief (21) __________all Native American Indian tribes （部落）carve的totem poles, but this is far from the truth . Carving totem poles was a tradition among many tribes , especially those that lived along the Pacific coast(22)____________forest grew. However , those Native American Indians who lived in the south west and the plains , and Indians , but (23)_________(few) trees to carve than Pacific tribes.The height of totem poles can vary considerably . Long ago totem poles (24)___________(find) to stand around 12m tall . Today , Native American Indian artists continue to care trees, but some totem poles are short and are used in homes as decoration .(25)_____________is not surprising that a genuine pole will cost more than $1500 per meter because traditionally carved totem involve a great deal of work , craftsmanship and time to produce.The raising of a totem pole is an important celebration among the India tribe . A hole is dug for the pole to stand in . The pole is carried to the site in a ceremony which other hundreds of people attend. Ropes are used (26)__________(raise) the pole into place. Singing and dancing to drums accompanies the pole raising . Often poles are raised in this way (27) ___________the carving begins . Carvers do their jobs then on the site.Many people believe that totem poles are religious symbols , but this idea is false. Instead of (28) __________(act) as religious symbols , carvings represent the tribal nation and convey the tribes’ history . The story of a totem pole is frequently passed down from generation to generation . Having the story documented this way helps keep this tradition (29) __________(recognize) in our history . These days , many totem poles no longer exist (30) _______ __________ decay and rot. However , there are still some tribes that continue to practice this ancient are form , and these totem poles are still being enjoyed by collections of tribal art.II. Grammar and Vocabulary21. that 22. where 23. fewer 24. were found 25. It26. to raise 27. before 28. acting 29. recognized 30. because of崇明区Delivering Food by DroneA Singapore restaurant plans to use drones (遥控飞机) to transport food and drinks from the kitchen to a wait station near customers’ tables.Infinium Robotics, the Singapore company that’s developing the drones for restaurant chain Timbre, has spent the past two weeks testing the technology at the restaurant before it opens each n i g h t 21 business and hopes to have it in place by the end of the year.But how does the drone know where to hover (盘旋)? What if someone bumps into the drone or is standing in its way? “There’s no chance at all 22 it will hit anything,” says Infinium Robotics chief executive Junyang Woon.The drones automatically charge while 23 (wait) in the kitchen. 24 the chef puts an order on the drone, he hits a button on a keypad and the drone automatically flies to one of two wait stations. Sense-and-avoid technology 25 (build) into the drone won’t allow it to land at the wait station if anything is in its way. The drones are equipped with sonar (声纳系统) and an infrared sensor (红外线传感器), too.A waiter then removes the food or drink from the drone and hits a button 26 sends it back to the kitchen. The drones, weighing a little over five pounds, 27 carry just over four pounds of food. Infinium Robotics is working on a model that will carry twice as 28 (much) food.“Its job is to help the waiters to reduce some of their boring tasks, ” Woon said. “If they let the robots 29 (do) the job, they can concentrate on interacting with customers to bring about higher customer satisfaction and dining experience.”Since it drew recent media attention, Woon 30 (hear) from resorts and restaurants in 10 countries, including the United States.II. Grammar and Vocabulary（共20分。