上海市重点：七宝中学高二(上)学期月考英语试题(2020.10)
2020-2021学年上海市七宝中学高三英语月考试卷及参考答案
2020-2021学年上海市七宝中学高三英语月考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn September, something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia. As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅) in shallow water there and later died. This might have beenAustralia’s largest stranding event on record, the BBC reported.But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon. For centuries, it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is often unknown. But they have offered many different explanations.Some say the whales chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.Others think the stranding has something to do with Earth’s geomagnetic field (地磁场). They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales’ brains controls their position. Unusual changes in Earth’s magnetic field can affect the whales’ compasses and send them in the wrong direction.Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have. Pilot whales travel in large groups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water. “And if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading biologist fromNew Zealand. “Some will come in and try to help, they get trapped on the beach, then more will come.”The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情). Once they get stranded, they will likely die. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS, less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.1. What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?A. It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.B. It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.C. It is commonly seen in September each year.D. It was the largest stranding event in the world.2. According to Gibney, the pilot whales are the animals that________.A. are kind to each otherB. are easy to lose directionC. are too huge to float in the seaD.are silly to follow the leading whale3. What is the story mainly about?A. How human activity has affected whales.B. What might cause whale strandings.C. How whales find their direction while traveling.D. What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.BAfter finishing his dinner, Lin Xu opened a WeChat mini-programcalled "Clear Plate" on his phone and took a picture of the empty plates. He was then awarded 157 credit points after the image was uploaded and recognized by artificial intelligence. The credit points can be used to buy gifts, such as books, cellphones and red wine, or to purchase charity meals donated to children in poor rural areas.The "Clear Plate" mini-program has become popular among young Chinese. Similar campaigns like an "empty plate challenge" are alsoon the horizonin many Chinese universities."Technological innovation is a good way to reduce food waste," said Liu Jichen. Founder of the start-up that developed the app. The idea popped up at a dinner in 2017, when Liu found that the restaurant owner would give diners who polished off their food a card and offer small gifts after a certain number of cards had been collected. "Everyone who values food is bound to enjoy a sense of gain at a lower cost," Liu mentioned this case, noting that such an idea could potentially be realized online.He formeda team to work on the project. Yet it was quite a challenge for the AI system to assess whether the uploaded photos showed empty plates. To make the AI system smarter，Liu and his team, assisted by more than 1, 000 others, spent half a year collecting over100,000 samples from canteens and restaurants across the country and analyzed the data. Dozens of enterprises, institutions and restaurants have contacted the start-up to cooperate on the project. Through the digitalized, visualized mini-program, people can clearly see the good results of saving food, which will effectively reduce food waste. "We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation, encouraging them to develop the habit of thrift(节约)," Liu said.4. What does the underlined phrase "on the horizon" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Likely to decrease.B. Likely to succeed.C. Likely to change.D. Likely to appear.5. What caused Liu Jichen to develop the "Clear Plate" app?A. Food waste afterdinner.B. The idea of the restaurant owner.C. Small gifts sent by his friends.D. Charity meals donated to children.6. What was difficult for the project Liu's team worked on?A. Making the AI system smarter.B. Assessing the uploaded photos.C. Collecting samples from canteens and restaurants.D. Encouraging people to develop the habit of thrift.7. What is the text mainly about?A. AI programs becoming popular.B. AI programs appearing in many Chinese universities.C. AI programs encouraging diners toclear their plates.D. AI programs collecting pictures of clearing diners' plates.CAncient Dunhuang manuscripts housed abroad have been edited and published by the Institute for Overseas National Literature of Northwest Minzu University since 2006. Up till now, 9 manuscripts kept in the British Library and22 inthe National Library of France have been finished, the institute said on April 24, 2018.Tens of thousands of valuable ancient documents and cultural relics, discovered in the Mogao Grottos in Dunhuang, Gansu province, were scattered overseas in the early 20th century. Dunhuang manuscripts currently in the British Library and the National Library of France are the most important ancient national documents housed abroad.Co-edited by Institute for Overseas National Literature of Northwest Minzu University, Shanghai Classics Publishing House, the British Library and the National Library of France, these Dunhuang manuscripts return home in publication form for the first time. The institute is also preparing an online database of the manuscripts.According to Cai Rang, associate director of the institute, Dunhuang manuscripts scattered overseas in Russia, Britain, France and Japan have rich contents, including Buddhism law, social contract, history,linguisticsand art. The institute has edited and published 31 manuscripts over the past 13 years, but the work has not been finished. It plans to publish 15 from the British Library and over 30 from the National Library of France all together. In addition, it will also publish manuscripts collected by other countries.“Some manuscripts are hard to read because of the indecipherable words. So we read carefully andunderstand them by comparing with Buddhism documents handed down from ancient times,” Cai said. “Next, document classification and compilation will be our key work for further research.”The work done by the institute is helpful to study the history and culture of Tubo(present-day Tibet) during the period of 8th to 11th century and the history of national cultural exchanges at that time.8. When did so many valuable ancient documents, discovered in the Mogao Grottos, were scattered overseas?A. In the late 19th century.B. In the middle of the 19th century.C. At the beginning of the 19th century.D. At the beginning of the 20th century.9. How do the members of the institute understand some manuscripts that are hard to read?A. By using modern technology.B. By asking other famous experts.C. By comparing them with Buddhism documents.D. By studying the history and culture of Tubo.10. The possible meaning of the underlined word “linguistics” in paragraph 4 is “______”.A. the scientific study of languageB. the opinion that people have about someone or somethingC. something that people may have as part of their characterD. a system or method for carrying passengers or goods from one place to another11. What is the theme of the news report?A. Dunhuang manuscripts scattered overseas have rich contents.B. China publishes Dunhuang manuscripts housed overseas.C. High value of ancient documents and cultural relics in Mogao Grottos.D. Prepare an online database of Dunhuang manuscripts housed overseas.DEvery racehorse has different abilities．Like humans，some are short- distance runners，while others are marathoners．Figuring out which is which and how to pace them can be the difference between failure in the finish and taking the award home．Jockeys（赛马骑师）and trainers have traditionally relied on centuries of experience and data from previous races to plan their races．Amandine Aftalion，a mathematician in Paris，thought she could add to that．Since 2013，she has been analyzing the performances of world champion runners like Usain Bolt．She has found that short-distance runners tend to win when they start strong and gradually slow down toward the finish line．Butin medium-distance races，runners perform better when they start strong，settle down，and finish with a burst of speed．Her model shows how those winning strategies maximize the energy output of muscles reliant on twodifferent pathways：powerful aerobic（有氧的）ones that require oxygen，which can be in limited supply during a race，and anaerobic ones，which don't need oxygen but build up waste products that lead to tiredness．Aftalion wondered which strategy would be best for horses．So she and Quentin Mercier，anothermathematician，took advantage of a new GPS tracking tool inserted in French racing saddles（马鞍）．The two studied patterns in many races at the Chantilly racetracks north of Paris and developed a model that accounted for winning strategies for three different races：a short one(1，300 meters)，a medium one (1,900 meters)，and a slightly longer one (2,100 meters)，all with different starting points on the same track．The model takes into account not just different race distances，but also the size or friction fromthe track surface．The results might surprise jockeys who hold horses back early for bursts of energy in the last finish．Instead，a strong start leads to a better finish，the team found．“That doesn't mean those jockeys are wrong，though．If the start is too strong，it can bedevastatingas well，leaving the horse tired by the end，” Aftalion says．12. What should a runner do to get an award according to the text?A. Make a good start．B. Plan for the race early．C. Run slowly on the starting line．D. Try runningquickly all the time．13. What formed the basis for Aftalion's studying horse race?A The experience and data from previous horse races．B. The benefit of knowing horses' different abilities．C. The success in studying runners' winning strategies．D. The performance of horses on different race distances．14. What does the underlined word“devastating”in the last paragraph mean?A. Boring．B. Damaging．C. Astonishing．D. Puzling．15. What can we infer from the text?A. Runners have the same energy output of muscles．B. Aftalion's findings may help horses to win the race．C. What Jockeys and trainers do makes no sense to horses．D. World champion runners made a contribution to the study．第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2022-2023学年上海市七宝中学高二上学期期末考试英语试卷
上海市七宝中学2022学年高二第一学期期末考试英语试卷出卷人：沈鹏审卷人：曹寅珺I. Listening Comprehension (25’)Section A (10’)Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about it. The conversations and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She felt very relaxed. B. She always travels by air.C. She arrived early in the afternoon.D. She thought the flight was too long.2. A. When do you usually go to bed?B. How often do you eat take-aways?C. What would you like to have, beef or chicken?D. Are you travelling by car or using public transport?3. A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six4. A. Because he loves coke. B. Because he is on a diet.C. Because he has to drive.D. Because he doesn’t like wine.5. A. You should wear training shoes at all time.B. You are not allowed to use all the equipment.C. You have to learn to use all the equipment first.D. You should go there between 7:00 am and 11:30 pm.6. A. It is not easy to find her new flat.B. She wants to make friends with him.C. If the man gets lost he can call her for help.D. The man has a very poor sense of direction.7. A. She thinks her sister is very good.B. She thinks her sister spends too much money.C. She is proud since her sister studies in a very famous college.D. She is jealous because their father gives her sister more money.8. A. 500. B. 98,542. C 497.30. D. 98,000.9. A. Wait outside the car. B. Don’t get too close to the car.C. Park the car on the hard shoulder.D. Get out of there before it gets dark.10. A. He needs to open a new account.B. The field trip is put off until next year.C. He is waiting for some equipment to arrive.D. Someone in his group has got into some trouble.Section B (15’)Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the fourpossible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.12. A. Humor can liven up the classroom atmosphere.B. Humor can help put people at ease and create harmony.C. Humor is highly valued only in English-speaking countries.D. Jokes are so common that doctors and teachers love to tell them.13. A. After the hour-long session, the woman didn’t make any progress.B. The psychiatrist agreed to move his couch to the other side of the room against the wall.C. Because the woman was so bossy, the roles of psychiatrist and patient were reversed.D. The woman planned to convince the psychiatrist in an hour, but it took only fifty minutes.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A.To tell everything you remember about a book, movie, or lecture to your listener.B.To share your newfound knowledge with your friends, classmates or roommates.C.To select the major points or highlights of a book, movie, or lecture and tell these to yourlisteners.D.To keep in mind any clues your teacher has given you in class to indicate what he or sheconsiders important.15. A. Focus on one part and describe it in detail.B. Don’t give away the ending in my summary.C. Make my summary extremely complete as well as accurate.D. Organize my thoughts carefully and make my summary as brief as possible.16. A. Outline and paraphrase what I’ve seen.B. Describe just one scene in detail and even skip the ending.C. Remember everything of the movie and tell them to my friend.D. Watch carefully for the main points and highlights and take notes.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The new office is too small.B. He hates to unwrap all the boxes.C. He needs a printer right now to print out some chart.D. He doesn’t know how to connect the printer to the network.18. A. Still wrapped in plastic.B. On Tiffany’s desk.C. To the left of Greg’s desk.D. On the shelf at the ending of the corridor.19. A. Under the printer. B. On the shelf, under the clock.C. In the box which says “Printing”.D. In the bottom drawer of Ray’s desk.20. A The printer is out of paper.B Some office equipment is still wrapped in plasticC Some office equipment isn’t connected to the network yet.D There’s only power cables and ink cartridges in the “Printing” box.II. Grammar (15’)Directions:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)As a liberal arts teacher, it is my more often average to find myself obligated(不得不) to speak to my students about books that I haven’t read, [21]________ in the strict sense (having never opened them) or the attenuated(宽松的) sense (having only skimmed them or almost forgotten them). I am not sure whether I have dealt with this sort of situations better than my colleagues. But I have often attempted [22]________ (reassure) myself with the thought that those who are listening to me are no doubt on similar ground and are probably [23]________ (confident) about it than I am. Of course, there is always a risk that my class will be disrupted and I will find myself humiliated, if even one of my students has read the text I’m discussing.As a result of such all-too-familiar situations, I believe I am well positioned, if not to offer any real lesson on [24]________ to talk with others about unread books, at least to convey a deeper understanding of the non-reader’s experience.Admit it or not, we still live in a society, on the decline though it may be, [25]________ reading remains the object of a kind of worship. This worship [26]________ (apply) particularly to a number of books --the list may vary based on the circles one moves in --which it is practically forbidden not to have read if one wants to be taken seriously.To speak without shame about books we haven’t read, we would thus need to free ourselves of the oppressive image of cultural literacy [27]________ (impose) by school and society, for we can strive toward this image for a lifetime [28]________ ever managing to coincide with it. Truth destined for others is less important than truthfulness to ourselves, something attainable only by those who free themselves from the obligation to seem cultivated, which tyrannizes(欺压) us from within and prevents us from being ourselves.(B)CinemaIt’s so magical -- I don’t know why -- to go into a theater and have the lights go down. It’s very quiet, and then the curtains start to open. Maybe they’re red. And you go into a world.It’s beautiful when it’s [29]________ shared experience. It’s still beautiful when you’re at home and your theater is in front of you, though it’s not quite [30]________ good. It’s way much better on a big screen. That’ the way to go into a world.Cinema is a language. It can say things -- big, abstract things. And I love that about it.I’m not always good with words. Some people are poets and have a beautiful way of saying things with words. But cinema is its own language. And with it you can say so many things, mainly [31]________ you’ve got time and sequences. You’ve got dialogue. You’ve got music. You’ve got sound effects. You have so many tools. And so you can express a feeling and a thought that can’t be conveyed any other way. It’s a magical medium.For me, it’s so beautiful to think about these pictures and sounds [32]________ (flow) together in time and in sequence, making something that can be done only through cinema. It’s not just words or music -- it’s a whole range of elements coming together and making something that [33]________ (not exist) before. It’s telling stories. It’s devising a world, an experience, thatpeople cannot have [34]________ they see that film.When I catch an idea for a film, I fall in love with the way [35]________ cinema can express it. I like a story that holds abstractions, and that’s what cinema can do.Quoted from David Lynch’s Catching the Big FishIII. Vocabulary (20’)Directions:Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need in each passage.Until relatively recently, popular media neglected fact-checking and mostly offered negative, mad scientist-oriented stereotypes. A survey of more than a thousand horror films from 1931 to 1984 found that a third [36]________ “scientists or their creations as villains or monsters,” while merely 11 percent painted them as heroes. Later, a 2003 study [37]________ concluded that even “good” movie scientists (across genres) commonly succumbed to evil and corruption.Onscreen researchers also typically [38]________ complex storylines, or even details of their personal lives, the 2003 article found. That’s a problem because most people don’t know scientists themselves and form opinions based on the media they consume, leading to a dehumanizing effect.Factual errors and [39]________ portrayals have real-world consequences. As of 1981, people who frequently watched TV were more likely than [40]________viewers to mistrust science, view it as dangerous and reject the entire career [41]________.That’s the primary reason why researchers work on Hollywood projects: to [42]________ these misconceptions.Satisfyingly, [43]________ has improved in recent decades, likely because it’s far more common to recruit science consultants. Now, audience expect more [44]________ explanations behind far-out plots. These days, it’s now impossible for films to get away with these silly stereotypes, unless it’s a horror film or comedy. Hollywood now tends to heroize scientists, but glorifying the profession also has its [45]________ : It may obscure the fact that researchers are human and can make human mistakes too.It Doesn’t Have to be Crazy at WorkHow often have you heard someone say “It’s crazy at work”? Maybe you’ve even said it yourself. For many, “It’s crazy at work” has become their normal. But why so crazy?There are two primary reasons: (1) The workday is being sliced into tiny, fleeting work moments by an onslaught of physical and virtual [46]________. And (2) an unhealthy obsession with growth at any cost set [47]________, unrealistic expectations that stress people out.It’s no wonder people are working longer, earlier, later, on weekends, and whenever they have a(n) [48]________ moment. That turns life into work’s left-overs. The doggie bag.What’s worse is that long hours, [49]________ busyness, and lack of sleep have become a badge of honor for many people these days. Sustained exhaustion is not a badge of honor. Instead, it’s a(n) [50]________ of a physical and mental breakdown.Besides, everyone’s talking about how to [51]________ productivity these days. There’s an endless stream of methodologies and tools promising to make people more productive. But more productive at what?Productivity is for machines, not for people. There’s nothing meaningful about [52]________ some number of work units into some amount of time or squeezing more into less. Machines can [53]________ work 24/7, but humans can’t.When people focus on productivity, they end up focusing on being busy. Filling every moment with something to do. And there’s always more to do!But we should not believe in busyness. We should believe in effectiveness. How little can we do? How much can we cut out? Instead of adding to-dos, we add to-don’ts.Being productive is about occupying your time --filling your schedule to the brim and getting as much done as you can. Being effective is about finding more of your time unoccupied and [54]________ for other things besides work. Time for leisure, time for family and friends. Or time for doing absolutely nothing.Yes, it is perfectly acceptable to have nothing to do. Or, better yet, nothing worth doing. If you’ve only got three hours of work to do on a given day, then stop. Don’t fill your day with five more just to stay busy or feel productive. Not doing something that is [55]________ worth doing is a wonderful way to spend your time.Quoted from Jason Fried’s It Doesn’t Have to Be Crazy at WorkIV. Cloze (30’)Directions:For each blank in the following passages there are four words marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)Blind boxes originated in Japan. As the name implies, they are boxes that may contain surprise or [56]________. The buyer has no idea what the contents will be inside because each series has twelve same [57]________ packing boxes. Blind box collectors usually spend [58]________ to get the secret toy. The more they buy, the more they want . It is apparent that this cannot be explained by traditional economics -- the marginal benefit is [59]________ -- buying an additional unit of product will cause the additional benefit to decrease. However, for consumers of blind boxes, the more they pay, the more they want.Digging deeper into the issue, you will learn the very marketing of blind boxes is called [60]________ selling. The possibility to get a secret one is 1/144. Research has shown that blind box is the easiest approach for the shoppers to fall in love and become [61]________ customers. One of the most popular blind box brands Pop Mart [62]________ 8.18 billion yuan in sales in the first half of 2020. For shoppers, uncertainty about the box content [63]________ excitement and surprise combined, a potential neural (神经系统的) hit in the brain typically experienced by gamblers and thrill-seekers, thus making consumers have the desire to [64]________ the purchase. Blind boxes are not exactly a(n) [65]________, but represent a harmless rush of adrenaline (肾上腺素) for Generation Z, a consumer born in the period from mid-to-late- 1990s to early 2010s.Why are blind boxes so popular among Gen Z? Well, these are consumers raised in arelatively good period characterized by abundant [66]________, when demand for food and clothing was easily met. [67]________, the pursuit of consumption that can pack in special excitement and surprise leads them to products like blind boxes.Blind boxes can be used as a tool to clearly identify target consumers and their needs. Even since Pop Mart launched its first store in Beijing in 2010, it has been [68]________ and upgrading the products to figure out and suit the consumers' tastes.While trying to stimulate consumption demand with blind boxes, companies should be aware of the hidden risks. They should not hold the surprise tricks as a way to [69]________ consumers. Consumers may not return for purchases if they feel cheated once. Without [70]________ products that deliver value, no company can go far. Once the wave of blind boxes subsides, a company without good products may never be able to catch the next wave.56. A. disappointment B.curiosity C.wonder D.confusion57. A. fabulous B.external C.visible D.plastic58. A. wisely B.pleasantly C.heavily D.randomly59. A. below the average B.beyond their imaginationC.within their reachD.on the decline60. A.intensive B.panic petitive D.probabilistic61. A.regular B.original C.casual D.satisfied62. A.chased B.generated C.expected D.reinvested63. A.demonstrates B.releases C.equals D.expresses64. A.encourage B.confirm C.transfer D.repeat65. A.trend B.amusement C.addiction D.trouble66. A.devices B.supplies C.opportunities D.choices67. A.As a result B.By contrast C.In other words D.On one hand68. A.exploring B.utilizing C.maintaining D.transporting69. A.entertain B.fool C.safeguard D.charge70. A.fashionable B.solid C.profitable D.native(B)If at first you don’t succeed, as the old saying goes, try, try again. Good advice, up to a point. But let me offer a [71]________: even when you do succeed, try, try again. Tempting as it is to declare victory and move on, in many endeavors there is much to be said for rethinking an apparently satisfactory formula.Consider the advice for job interviews in Talent, a new book by economist Tyler Cowen and venture capitalist Daniel Gross. They suggest asking a(n) [72]________ question, such as “give me an example of when you resolved a difficult challenge at work.” Then ask for another example. And another. The pat answers will be [73]________ quickly, and the candidate will have to start improvising, digging deep -- or perhaps admit to being stumped.Indeed, one way to describe this tactic is that the interviewer is asking for answers in [74]________ rather than for answers in series. Instead of stringing together a logical sequence of 17 questions, the interviewer is asking for 17 different answers to the same question.While that approach is [75]________ in job interviews, it is common practice among designers. They often produce several [76]________ attempts to meet a given brief, rather thanimmediately focusing on what seems to be the best idea. In doing so, the designers force themselves to [77]________ the full range of possibilities, to avoid the risk of committing too early to a concept that seems attractive but may [78]________ be a dead end.A striking example of parallel design is the creation of the Windows 95 startup sound. Microsoft was looking for an opportunity to [79]________ the audio capabilities of the computers of the day, so it is commissioned the famed music producer Brian Eno to do so.Eno recalls receiving a brief, asking for music that was “inspirational, sexy, driving, provocative, nostalgic... there were about 150 [80]________. And then at the bottom it said, ‘and not more than 3.8 seconds long’.”Eno describes himself as being “completely bereft of ideas” at the time. He found the brief both hilarious and inspiring. In the end he [81]_________ more than 80 tiny pieces of music. The final result was a musical signature that has stood the test of time and was one that helped to creatively liberate Eno. “It really [82]________ a logjam in my own work,” he told The San Francisco Chronicle.Bill Burnett and Dave Evans, in their delightful book Designing Your Life, suggest an exercise in which you sketch out a vision for the next five years of your life. What will you be doing? Where will you live and with whom? Are you hoping to run a marathon? Start a business? Write a novel?This is often a straightforward act of [83]________, but what makes the exercise excruciating is what comes next: Burnett and Evans ask you to do it again, only this time, you’re to write an entirely different projection -- the idea at the heart of the plan is one that is completely forbidden: Forcing yourself to go back to the [84]________ board, not only a second, but a third time.I’ve tried this myself and seen others try it. People squirm. They protest. Sometimes they cry. And then, sooner or later, the ideas start pouring out.We all contain [85]________. But we don’t always let them see the light of day. Perhaps we should try producing answers in parallel more often. Even when you do succeed, try, try again.71. A. suggestion B. promotion C. recommendation D. modification72. A. routine B. academic C. personal D. controversial73. A. presented B. exhausted C. challenged D. accepted74. A. style B. parallel C. detail D. privacy75. A. fundamental B. flexible C. unconventional D. practical76. A. distinct B. determined C. deliberate D. vain77. A. dismiss B. restrict C. explore D. overlook78. A. inevitably B. accidentally C. theoretically D. eventually79. A. scale up B. figure out C. experiment on D. show off80. A. adjectives B. statements C. variables D. copyrights81. A. purchased B. composed C. performed D. appreciated82. A. exhibited B. created C. broke D. underestimated83. A. aggressiveness B. imagination C. wisdom D. will84. A. dart B. score C. drawing D. notice85. A. emotions B. ambitions C. desires D. multitudesV. Reading Comprehension (30’)Section A (22’)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Fatherhood is seen as dispensable. People freely and frequently undermine a dad’s role in Child-rearing by assuming that he can’t possibly be in charge of a baby on his own or by suggesting that he is such a great dad because he spent ten minutes rocking his own child to sleep. What a hero -- doing something that he shouldn’t have to do because, if we’re all honest, it’s a mum’s job.Stories of fathers in the media tend to focus on their absence. Until relatively recently, fathers were either missing, played a very specific and distant role of breadwinner, or were hapless idiots incapable of using a washing machine. We’re programmed to believe that fathers don’t possess the ‘nurturing gene’ and that this should be the sole responsibility of the mother. The thing is, that is bullshit. Like mothers, fathers have been shaped by evolution to be biologically, psychologically and behaviorally primed to parent. The hormonal and brain changes seen in new mothers are mirrored in fathers. Their ability to parent is not based on biology; it is based on how much time they spend with their children.Nonetheless, no matter how hard couples try to re-balance the caring duties, we continue to bang our heads against a gendered wall. Our heads -- and the heads of almost everyone around us -- are filled with nonsense by advertisers and the media who love nothing more than creating a “gender war” out of everything. So even though it’s 2021 and science is telling us the complete opposite, the narrative remains that women are better and more “natural” carers, that they’re the only ones who can multi-task, men don’t really care about children -- and are dangerous around them -- and so on.All of this can be hard to dismantle when you realize that the only way you can make ends meet is for the mother to stay off work or go down to part-time when the baby arrives, and for the dad to stay full-time with a killer commute. And of course it’s true that some of us end up internalizing all of this and start to believe the gender stereotypes.Quoted from Joeli Brearley’s The Motherhood Penalty86.The underlined word “dispensable” means “________”.A. determining and profoundB. incompetent and punishingC. not necessary or essentialD. not attractive or appealing87.Which of the following statements will the author agree with?A.A father who spends ten minutes rocking his kid to sleep should be regarded as a hero.B.Women’ s better parenting abilities is mainly predetermined by their biological features.C.The more time a father spends with his kids, the better he will at looking after them.D. Women are the only ones who can keep the balance between their work and career.88.What is the author’s attitude towards the current distribution of parenting duties?A. favourableB. indifferentC. biasedD. discontented89.What might be the best title for the passage?A. Desperate Housewives.B. The Absence of Fatherhood.C. Happy Wife, Happy Life.D. The Manhood Crisis.90.This passage is a reply to someone who ________.A. keeps a habit of lying for vain reasonsB. works hard to meet others’ expectationsC. thinks too highly of himselfD. doesn’t know how to make realistic plans91.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. White lies often cause embarrassment and cannot be overlooked.B. It’s important for women to have an adequate sense of self-worth.C. Goals are hard to achieve without constant small treats.D. One should stick to his promise regardless of any difficulty.92.In the last paragraph the writer implies that ________.A. you will solve the problem with patience and a strong willB. you must be hard on yourself to accomplish somethingC. your problem lies in the fact that you hasten to make promisesD. you must set different targets at different stages of your life(C)The Supreme Court’s decision on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect”, a centuries-old moral principleholding that an action having two effects -- a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen -- is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.”George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. “It’s like surgery,” he says. “We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you’re a physician, you can risk your patient’s suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide.”On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, “Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life”. It identifies the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care.The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care, “Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse”. He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension”.93.From the first three paragraphs, we learn that ________.A. doctors used to increase drug dosage to control their patients’ painB. it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their livesC. the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicideD. patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide94.Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients’ death.B. Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.C. The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.D. A doctor’s medication is no longer justified by his intentions.95.According to the NAS’s report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is ________.A. prolonged medical proceduresB. inadequate treatment of painC. systematic drug abuseD. insufficient hospital care。
上海市七宝中学高二月阶段性考试英语试题 含答案
For most of us, the purpose of the holidays is(25) _____ (bring)peace, love, and goodwill towards all. Yet, for many, the holiday season often means stress, fatigue极度疲劳，疲乏，劳累, pressure, disappointment and loneliness.
Section B：
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. She was a British girl.
B. The hospitals inQatarwere full at that time.
C. She was the daughter of a doctor inLondon.
C. He used drifting ships to check his map.
D. He drew maps of currents and checked them.
Section C
Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
C. To predict the direction of a ship.D. To carry messages across the ocean.
15. A. US ships were longer than British ones.
B. British ships could sail the Atlantic than US ones.
上海市七宝中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题
上海市七宝中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题一、语法填空Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soliders, while the people 1 (help) civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat or calculated the length of the year, or manured (施肥) a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers.People think a great deal of them, so much that on all the highest pillars (纪念柱) in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a solider. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are 2 that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not 3 (civilized). Animals fight; so 4 savages (野蛮人); so to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently — this, after all, is 5 conquerors and generals have done — is not being civilized. People fight 6 (settle) quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some ways of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side 7 kill off greater number of the other side, and then saying that the side which has killed most 8 (win). It means 9 (say) that power is right.This is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars,10 millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life-nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.二、选词填空Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the bad distinction by setting up paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn’t surprised when this didn’t make the news here in the United States - we’re now the only wealthy country without such a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. It 11 workers to as much as 12 week’s unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the 12 of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as “government-run personnel management” and a “dangerous precedent (先例)”. In fact, every step of the way, as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly 13 .As Yale law professor Anne Alstott, argues, 14 parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. Parents are 15 in many ways in their lives: there is “no exit” when it comes to children. Society expects parents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the 16 and intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moral capabilities. And society expects parents to persist in their roles for 18 years, or longer if needed.While most parents do this out of love, there are public punishments for not providing care. What parents do, in other words, is of deep 17 to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only 18 urgent but important to the future of society. The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children’s welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society 19 . To classify parenting as apersonal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting, really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue (累积) to the whole of society as today’s children become tomorrow’s citizens. In fact, by some 20 , the value of parental investments in children, investments of time and money, is equal to 20%-30% of GDP. If these investments bring huge social benefits-as they clearly do-the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.三、完形填空Before 1815 manufacturing in the United States had been done in homes or shops by skilled artisans. As master craft workers, they imparted the knowledge of their trades to apprentices (学徒) and journeymen (熟练工). 21 women often worked in their homes part-time, making finished articles from raw material supplied by merchant capitalists. After 1815 this older form of manufacturing began to 22 factories with machinery tended by unskilled or semiskilled laborers. 23 transportation networks, the rise of cities, and the availability of capital and credit all stimulated the shift to factory production.Apprentices were considered part of the family, and masters were responsible not only for teaching their apprentices a trade but also for providing them with some education and for 24 their moral behavior. Journeymen knew that if they 25 their skill, they could become respected master artisans with their own shops. Also, skilled artisans did not work by the clock.The factory changed that. Goods produced by factories were not as finished or elegant as those done by hand, and pride in craftsmanship gave way to the 26 to increase rates of productivity. The new methods of doing business involved a new and stricter sense of time. Absenteeism and lateness hurt productivity and, since work was specialized, 27 the regular factory routine. Industrialization not only produced a fundamental change in the way work was organized; it 28 the very nature of work.The first generation to experience these changes did not adopt the new attitudes easily. The factory clock became the symbol of the new work rules. One mill worker who finally 29 complained revealingly about “obedience to the ding-dong of the bell-just as though we are so many living machines.” With the 30 of personal freedom also came the loss of standingin the community. Unlike artisan workshops in which apprentices worked 31 with the masters supervising them, factories sharply separated workers from management. Few workers rose through the ranks to supervisory positions, and even well-paid workers sensed their 32 in status.In this newly emerging economic order, workers sometimes organized to protect their rights and traditional ways of life. The labor movement gathered some momentum (动力，势头) in the decade before the Panic of 1837, but in the depression that followed, labor’s strength 33 . During hard times, few workers were willing to strike or 34 collective action. And skilled craft workers, who led the union movement, did not feel a particularly strong bond with semiskilled factory workers and unskilled laborers. More than a decade of agitation (激烈争论) did finally bring a workday shortened to 10 hours to most industries by the 1850s’, and the courts also recognized workers’ right to strike, but these 35 had little immediate impact. 21．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Therefore 22．A．give way to B．make up for C．get rid of D．end up with 23．A．Expensive B．Public C．Difficult D．Cheap 24．A．displaying B．supervising C．respecting D．predicting 25．A．shared B．assessed C．perfected D．applied 26．A．pressure B．hatred C．freedom D．disappointment 27．A．followed B．broke C．established D．fixed 28．A．ignored B．demanded C．guaranteed D．transformed 29．A．succeeded B．recovered C．quitted D．revenged 30．A．restoration B．change C．loss D．protection 31．A．closely B．efficiently C．independently D．diligently 32．A．stability B．independence C．decline D．security 33．A．maintained B．developed C．returned D．collapsed 34．A．protest against B．give up C．account for D．engage in 35．A．emphases B．limits C．evidences D．gains四、阅读理解The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd. When I stepped off a ship in New York Harbor in 1949, I was a nine-year-old war refugee, who had lost his mother and was coming to live with the father he did not know. My mother, Eleni Gatzoyiannis, had been imprisoned and shot for sending my sisters and me to freedom.I was thirteen years old when I entered Chandler Junior High. Shortly after I arrived, I was told to select a hobby to pursue during “club hours.” The idea of hobbies and clubs made no sense to my immigrant ears, but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class. She led me into the presence of Miss Hurd, the school newspaper adviser and English teacher.A tough woman with salt-and-pepper hair and determined eyes, Miss Hurd had no patience with lazy bones. She drilled us in grammar, assigned stories for us to read and discuss, and eventually taught us how to put out a newspaper. Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war-tom homeland, making me proud of my origins. Her efforts inspired me to understand the logic and structure of the English language. Owing to her inspiration, during my next twenty-five years, I became a journalist by profession.Miss Hurd retired at the age of 62. By then, she had taught for a total of 41 years. Even after her retirement, she continually made a project of unwilling students in whom she spied a spark of potential. The students were mainly from the most troubled homes, yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of tough love, until the spark caught fire.Miss Hurd was the one who directed my grief and pain into writing. But for Miss Hurd, I wouldn’t have become a reporter. She was the catalyst that sent me into journalism and indirectly caused all the good things that came after.36．Which of the following caused the author to think of his homeland differently?A．Stepping on the American soil for the first time.B．Her mother’s miserable deathC．Being exposed to Greek literary works.D．Following the prettiest girl in his class. 37．It can be inferred from Paragraph Four that ________.A．Miss Hurd’s contribution was recognized across the nation.B．Students from troubled homes preferred Miss Hurd’s teaching styleC．The students Miss Hurd taught were all finally firedD．Miss Hurd employed a unique way to handle these students38．The passage is mainly concerned with ________.A．how the author became a journalist B．the importance of inspiration in one’s life C．the teacher who shaped the author’s life D．factors contributing to a successful careerWhen you first arrive in Oxford，it may take a little while for you to find your way around. The university is a large organization that is fully integrated into the city and has been evolving for 800 years. Some of the first things our students do when they arrive include finding a bike ( most students in Oxford find cycling is the best way to go around), setting up a bank account , getting their computer and mobile phone working , finding their department, getting to know their college and working out the best places to socialize.One of the major events you will experience shortly after "coming up" to Oxford is matriculation. Matriculation is held at the University's Sheldonian Theatre and is the ceremony at which you are formally admitted to the university.International students are invited to an orientation day at the start of the academic year. Sessions run throughout the day that will give you practical information about living and studying in UK and introduce you to other graduate students from all over the world who are starting their studies at Oxford at the same time as you , as well as to current Oxford graduate students and staff who will be able to help and advise you . The day covers topics such as studying and learning in the Oxford system, University services, information on living in Britain and culture differences, as well as addressing practical issues such as employment, immigration and visas, health and safety. You can choose which talks to attend and at the end of the day there is a social hour so you can meet fellow student.Another good thing to experience early on is college dining. Most colleges have a tradition of regular formal hall dinners, which consist of three or four courses and the atmosphere of an evening out in a nice restaurant. On some of these occasions you can invite people around to your college for dinner and then they may return the favor. In this way you can get to know people studying your own and other subjects at the same time as visiting many often historical college grounds and dining halls.Further information on your first few weeks at Oxford is available via the Students Gateway on our website and you can get first-hand accounts of what life at Oxford is like bywatching videos of students talking about their experiences on our Wall of 100 Faces. 39．Which of the following is not the first thing for a newcomer to Oxford to do_______？A．to find a best place to socializeB．to set up a bank accountC．to go to the Sheldonian TheatreD．to get mobile phone working40．When do students feel they are truly admitted to Oxford University______？A．They arrived in Oxford and settled down on campus．B．They received the offer from the admission office．C．They met the staff and took some required courses．D．They experienced the matriculation in the university．41．Why is an orientation important for international students？A．It is a good chance to ask the staff for help．B．It offers practical information about living and studying．C．It helps get students' computers hooked to the Internet．D．It can help deal with the problem of culture differences．42．"Return the favor"in the passage probably means___．A．inviting you for dinnerB．visiting your historic college in returnC．sharing favorite videosD．providing you with some good advice．In the college-admissions wars, we parents are the true fighters. We’re pushing our kids to get good grades, take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes to they can get into the college of our first choice. I’ve twice been to the wars, and as I survey the battlefield, something different is happening. We see our kids’ college background as a prize demonstrating how well we’ve raised them. But we can’t acknowledge that our obsession is more about us than them. So we’ve come up with various justifications that turn out to be half-truths, prejudices or myths. It actually doesn’t matter much whether Aaron and Nicole go to Stanford.We have a full-blown prestige panic; we worry that there won’t be enough prizes to goaround. Fearful parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever. Underlying the hysteria (歇斯底里) is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable. Their graduates must enjoy more success because they get a better education and develop better contacts. All that is plausible--and mostly wrong. We haven’t found any convincing evidence that selectivity or prestige matters. Selective schools don’t systematically employ better instructional approaches than less selective schools, On two measures- professors’ feedback and the number of essay exams selective schools do slightly worse.By some studies, selective schools do enhance their graduates’ lifetime earnings. The gain is considered at 2-4% for every 100-point increase in a school’s average SAT scores. But even this advantage is probably a statistical fluke (偶然). A well-known study examined students who got into highly selective schools and then went elsewhere. They earned just as much as graduates from higher-status schools.Kids count more than their colleges. Getting into Yale may signify intelligence, talent and ambition. But it’s not the only indicator and its significance is declining. The reason: so many similar people go elsewhere. Getting into college is not life’s only competition. In the next competition--the job market and graduate school-the results may change. Old-boy networks are breaking down. Princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph.D．program. High scores on the GRE helped explain who got in; degrees of prestigious universities didn’t.So, parents, lighten up. The stakes (风险) have been vastly exaggerated. Up to a point, we can rationalize (合理化) our pushiness. America is a competitive society; our kids need to adjust to that. But too much pushiness can be destructive. The very ambition we impose on our children may get some into Harvard but may also set them up for disappointment. One study found that, other things being equal, graduates of highly selective schools experienced more job dissatisfaction. They may have been so conditioned to being on top that anything less disappoints. 43．Why does the author say that parents are the true fighters in the college-admissions wars?A．They have the final say in which university their children are to attend.B．They know best which universities are most suitable for their children.C．They care more about which college their children go to than the children themselves.D．They have to carry out intensive surveys of colleges before children make an application. 44．What does the author mean by “kids count more than their colleges” Line 1, para.4?A．Continuing education is more important to a person’s success.B．Kids’ actual abilities are more important than their college background.C．A person’s happiness should be valued more than their education.D．What kids learn at college cannot keep up with job market requirements.45．What does Krueger’s study tell us?A．Getting into Ph.D．programs may be more competitive than getting into college.B．Graduates from prestigious universities do not care much about their GRE scores.C．Connections built in prestigious universities may be sustained long after graduation.D．Degrees of prestigious universities do not guarantee entry to graduate programs. 46．According to the passage, one possible result of pushing children into elite universities is that ________.A．they experience more job dissatisfaction after graduationB．they earn less than their peers from other institutionsC．they turn out to be less competitive in the job marketD．they overemphasize their qualifications in job applicationDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.In business, there is a speed difference: It’s the difference between how important firm leaders say speed is to their competitive strategy and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. 47In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period.48 They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ).Simply increasing the speed of production, for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .But that oftenleads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. 49 And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast, performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didn’t develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. 50 That kind of strategy must come from the top.A．How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better?B．Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals.C．More haste, less speed, which in the study proves wrong.D．Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.E．They valued efficiency rather than consideration.F．They encouraged new ways of thinking.五、书面表达51．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It is found that American students spend less than 15% of their time in school. While there’s no doubt that school is important, a number of recent studies remind us that parents are even more so. A study published earlier this month by researchers at North Carolina State University, for example, finds that parental involvement-checking homework, attending school meetings and events, discussing school activities at home — has a more powerful influence on students’ academic performance than anything about the school the students attend.So parents matter. But it is also revealed in researches that parents, of all backgrounds, don’t need to buy expensive educational toys or digital devices for their kids in order to give theman advantage. What they need to do with their children is much simpler: talk.But not just any talk. Recent research has indicated exactly what kinds of talk at home encourage children’s success at school. For example, a study conducted by researchers at the UCLA School of Public Health found that two-way adult-child conversations were six times as potent in promoting language development as the ones in which the adult did all the talking.Engaging in this back-and-forth gives children a chance to try out language for themselves, and also gives them the sense that their thoughts and opinions matter.The content of parents’ conversations with kids matters, too. Children who hear talk about counting and numbers at home start school with much more extensive mathematical knowledge. While the conversations parents have with their children change as kids grow older, the effect of these exchanges on academic achievement remain strong. Research finds that parents play an important role in what is called “academic socialization” — setting expectations and making connections between current behavior and future goals. Engaging in these sorts of conversations has a greater impact on educational accomplishment._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _六、翻译52．意识到犯了大错，我马上向在场所有的人表达了诚挚的歉意。
2020-2021学年上海市七宝中学高三第一学期英语10月月考卷
2020-2021学年七宝中学高三第一学期英语10月月考卷I. Listening Comprehension (略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp (21) ________ you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and had the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills(have sth done) (22) ________ (assess) through a battery of(一连串的) tests. Then, for eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18 months (23) _________ (take) the same sorts of tests.Those who (24) _________ (hold) mentally stimulating, demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. And they tended to lose cognitive (认知) function (25) _________ a much slower rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for(了解/查明) the participants’ overall health status.“This works just like physical exercise,” says Francisca Then, who led the study. “After a long run, you may feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work — sure, you will feel tired, (26) _________ it can help your brain stay healthy.” It’s not just corporate jobs, or even paid work (27) _________ can help keep your brain fit, Then points out. A waiter’ s job, for example, (28) _________ (require) multitasking, teamwork and decision-making could be just as stimulating as any high-level office work. And “running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating (协调),” she says. “You (29) _______ ________organize the activities of the children and take care of the bills and groceries.”Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons — including other environmental influences or genetic factors. Still, continuing to challenge (30) _________ mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help.21. as 22. assessed 23. to take 24. had held 25. at26. but 27. that 28. requiring 29. have to 30. yourselfSection B (10分)Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.When most of us recall our school sporting days, we tend to remember the friendships that were forge d(伪造), the occasional personal ___31___and the far more frequent moments when our skill levels didn't quite match our idols'. However, not all of the present generation of schoolchildren may be able to look back on their sporting experiences with such fondness. There are growing fears, within independent schools in particular, that moves towards professional standards and a focus on winning may disagree with the ___32___ of school sports.The problem is, perhaps unsurprisingly, more prevalent in boys' sport, and especially so in rugby, where independent schools still provide the bulk of (大部分) future England internationals. (国际体育比赛选手) At the same time, there has been a surge (激增) in the number of schools offering scholarships to ___33___rugby players, driven by a desire to widen access, but also, on occasion, by a(n) ___34___that success on the playing field may be a potential marketing tool. One director of rugby at a top-performing school in the South-East reports that his star under-16 player was poached (挖走) by a rival school which offered him a full scholarship. ‘We weren’t prepared to enter into a bidding war over a 15-year-old kid,’ he says rather pitifully. (可怜地) Chris Morgan, director of sport at Tonbridge, is a critic of these shifts towards becoming superstar sports schools, “An increasing number of schools seem to be using sports scholarships as part of their business model,” he says. “They place rugby above other sports as it seems to be more ___35___ in parents’ decision-making over which school they want to send their children to.”As a result, some of Morgan's counterparts at other independent schools feel under pressure to focus on winning rather than___36___ enjoyment. “If everything you put on your website is about which teams won, it is easy to see how coaches, boys and parents can think that results are the most important barometer(晴雨表) of success.”Several coaches feel that their efforts to ___37___players’ enjoyment over results are at risk of being undermine d(破坏) by the temptation to see sport as an extension of academic league tables. (排名表)One director of rugby told me that whenever they lose a game, his headmaster calls a meeting on the Monday morning in which he demands an explanation for the defeat. “The head can't understand that sport isn't just about winning,” he says.So, with increasingly professional set-ups and a seeming ___38___with winning at all costs, has school sport lost its innocence?Certainly not, says Kevin Knibbs, Headmaster of Hampton School in South West London, and Chair of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC) Sports Sub-Committee “Independent schools understand that sport is hugely beneficial to young people. While there havebeen substantial(大量的/实质的) improvements in the standard of sports facilities, coaching, and performance in independent schools over the past decade, this is___39___ with, an emphasis on safety, wellbeing and general fitness. Together these things have had a(n) ___40___ positive impact on young people’s experiences of sport in HMC schools,” he says. “Pupils are free to enjoy playing a wide range of sports with their friends without facing undue(过分的/过度的) pressure or needing to follow an over-intensive training regime(训练体制), Knibbs continue.31-35. FAIEC 36-40. GKJDHIII. Reading Comprehension (45 分）Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.Biodiversity is a concept that's commonly reference d(参考), yet regularly misunderstood. The complex (41) ________ not only refer s to the unbelievable variety of life on Earth, but to how everything from genes to entire ecosystems interact to make the planet habitable. The bad news: science shows that biodiversity is (42) ________ worldwide at a faster rate than at any time in human history. That’s obviously devastating for everything in nature---including us.“If biodiversity disappears, so do people,” says Dr. Stephen Woodley, field ecologist and bio-diversity expert with the International Union for Conservation of Nature. “We are part of the (43) ________ and we do not exist without it.”Preventing such a catastrophe, says Woodley, begins with understanding why biodiversity is declining, and then taking action to (44) ________ course. (路线/方向)“The two greatest (45) ________ of biodiversity loss are habitat loss, primarily on land, and overexploitation, primarily in the ocean,” Woodley says. He explains that we can solve these problems by permanently (46) ________ more lands and oceans and managing them for their conservation values.That's the mission of the global Campaign for Nature, a partnership(合伙企业) of the Wyss Foundation and the National Geographic Society. Instead of simply protecting 30 percent of the Earth, the (47) ________ also encourages nations, in full partnership with local communities, to focus on the right 30 percent. Those areas, says Woodley, (48) ________ the most important biodiversity, such as endangered species and ecosystems and rare species and ecosystems.The campaign also recognizes the importance of (49) ________ local rights. Local peoples manage or hold tenure (保有权) over lands that support about 80 percent of the world's biodiversity, making it (50) ________ for these communities to be full partners in developing and implement ing strategies.(51) ________, protecting the health of key biodiversity areas is vital for tackl ing climate change, says National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Dr. Enric Sala. Pair ing (结合)the international Paris Agreement to combat climate change, Sala's paper assert s(断言), “would (52) ________ catastrophic (灾难性的) climate change, conserve species, and secure essential ecosystem services.”“Biodiversity is stability,” says Sala. “Trees, wetlands, grasslands, peat bogs(泥炭沼泽), salt marshes (盐沼), healthy ocean ecosystems, mangroves(红树林), and plants (53) ________ much of the carbon pollution humans put into the atmosphere. Yet, right now, less than half of the planet is in its natural state, which isn't enough.” Bottom line: Nature needs us to act-now. “Moving to Mars is not a(n) (54) ________,” Sala adds. “The only conditions for our life and for the prosperity of human society are here on Earth...we are (55) ________ protecting it.”41.A. argument B. term C. structure D. problem42.A. altering B. developing C. stabilizing D. worsening43.A. ecosystem B. threat C. cycle D. procedure44.A. affect B. change C. reverse D. continue45.A. aspects B. causes C. consequences D. occasions46.A. acquiring B. protecting C. exploiting D. possessing47.A. management B. announcement C. campaign D. competition48.A. consume B. destroy C. lose D. contain49.A. denying B. enjoying C. ignoring D. respecting50.A. essential B. simple C. temporary D. profitable51.A. Besides B. However C. Thus D. Otherwise52.A. witness B. detect C. confirm D. avoid53.A. measure B. absorb C. survive D. prevent54.A. mission B. decision C. option D. exploration55.A. worried about B. confident in C. responsible for D. good at41-45 BDACB 46-50 BCDDA 51-55 ADBCCSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd. When I stepped off ship in New York Harbor in 1949. I was a nine-year-old war refugee. who had lost his mother and was coming to live with the father he did not know. My mother, Eleni Gatzoyiannis, had been imprisoned and shot for sending my sisters and me to freedom.I was thirteen years old when I entered Chandler Junior High. Shortly after I arrived, I was told to select a hobby to pursue during “club hours.” The idea of hobbies and clubs made no sense to my immigrant ears, but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class. She led me into the presence of Miss Hurd, the school newspaper adviser and English teacher.A tough woman with salt-and-pepper hair and determined eyes, Miss Hurd had no patience with lazy bones. She drilled us in grammar, assigned stories for us to read and discuss, and eventually taught us how to put out a newspaper Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war-torn homeland, making me proud of my origins. Her efforts inspired me to understand the logic and structure of the English language. Owing to her inspiration, during my next twenty-five years, I became a journalist by profession.Miss Hurd retired at the age of 62. By then, she had taught for a total of 41 years. Even after her retirement, she continually made a project of unwilling students in whom she spied a spark of potential. The students were mainly from the most troubled homes, yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of tough love, until the spark caught fire.Miss Hurd was the one who directed my grief and pain into writing. But for Miss Hurd, I wouldn’t have become a reporter. She was the catalyst that sent me into journalism and indirectly caused all the good things that came after.56. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph Two most probably mean?A. Hobbies and clubs did not interest the author.B. The author turned a deaf ear to joining clubs.C. Hobbies and clubs were inaccessible to immigrants like the author.D. The author had no idea what hobbies and clubs were all about.57. Which of the following caused the author to think of his homeland differently?A. Stepping on the American soil for the first time.B. Her mother’s miserable death.C. Being exposed to Greek literary works.D. Following the prettiest girl in his class.58. It can be inferred from Paragraph Four that_____________.A. Miss Hurd’s contribution was recognized across the nationB. Students from troubled homes preferred Miss Hurd’s teaching styleC. The students Miss Hurd taught were all finally firedD. Miss Hurd employed a unique way to handle these students59. The passage is mainly concerned with_____________.A. how the author became a journalistB. the importance of inspiration in one’s lifeC. the teacher who shaped the author’s lifeD. factors contributing to a successful career56-59. ACBC(B)HOW TO GET THEREBA and Royal Jordanian airlines fly direct between London Heathrow and Jordan’s capital city Amman (from £435; rj. com). Flight time is five hours.HOW TO GET AROUNDJordan is a joyfully easy country to travel around, in part due to its small size. You could drive from top to bottom in little over five hours if you wanted to. The national bus company has services between the main towns, and limited options to Petra and the Dead Sea. For full flexibility, you're better off hiring a car-roads are in good condition, and other drivers tend to be less manic (not stand up to free use of the car horn) compared to other countries in the Middle East. The traffic in Amman makes it frustrating, and nerve-wracking, to navigate, so pick up and drop off your car at the airport, a little outside of the city. The usual suspects have offices there (wee k’s hire from £235; hertz. jo). HOW LONG TO SPENDGiven the short travel times between major sites, you could feasibly whip around Jordan in little under a week, spending a night in each location. However, it’s important to factor in the weather: your pac e will slow in high temperatures, and you’ll find many Jordanians sensibly spending the hottest part of the day indoors, indulging in a long lunch. You’ll also want to devote a proper amount of time to each location: two or three nights in each of Petra and Wadi Rum will allow you to get to a few less explored corners, while two nights in Amman and one each at the Dead Sea and hot springs is about right. If you add in a side trip for some diving in the Red Sea, two weeks is plenty. WHAT TO BUDGETStaying in budget guesthouses, eating only from markets and street stalls, and using public transport, you could survive in Jordan on around £40 per day. Factor in a midrange hotel, car hire, guided tours and meals in local restaurants, and the figure could rise to £100-plus a day. The national currency is the dinar（第纳尔）, and is available from ATMs at all the main sites.WHEN TO GOHigh season is September to October and March to May, when the weather is warm but bearable. Note that price hikes are common in this period, and hotels get booked far in advance. One of the most pleasant times to visit is winter, from November to February, though be aware the desert gets very cold at night during this period. If you can take the extreme temperatures of summer, it can be an excellent time to travel, with fewer tourists around.HOW TO PLANSee Lonely Planet’s Jordan and the Jordan tourist board’s official site, , which has a wealth of information on general travel in the region and specific sites.60. Which of the following statements is True about travelling in Jordan according to the passage?A. Drivers in Jordan use car horn more freely than those in other countries.B. It's better to drive your own car since the traffic in Amman is frustrating.C. Weather should be taken into consideration when you arrange holiday.D. Diving in Red Sea is a must if you plan to travel in Jordan for one week.61. Which factor is NOT related with the budget according to the passage?A. To choose what kind hotels.B. To eat what kind of food.C. Whether to use cash or not.D. When to travel in Jordan.62. The word “hikes” in paragraph 5 can be best replaced by the word “”.A. declinesB. risesC. variesD. collapses60-62. CCB（C）First two hours, now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommendingpeople show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention making people angry.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA)found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons --both fake and real- past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become--but the lines are obviousPart of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are qualifies to use expedited(加速的)screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers must pays85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.63.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to .A. stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwideB. highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airportsC. explain American's tolerance of current security checksD. emphasize the importance of privacy protection64. Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?A. Frequent unexpected secret checks.B. New restrictions on carry-on bags.C. The declining efficiency of the TSA.D. An increase in the number of travellers.65. One problem with the PreCheck program is .A. a dramatic reduction of its scaleB. its wrongly-directed implementationC. govemment’s reluctance to back itD. an unreasonable price for enrollment66. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Less Screening for More SafetyB. PreCheck-a Belated SolutionC. Getting Stuck in Security LineD. Underused PreCheck Lanes63-66. CDDCSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance: curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.(67) Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “ Why? Why? Why? ”Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don’t have to be lear ned. We are born with them and need only recapture them. “ The great man,” said Mencius(孟子), “is he who does not lose his child’sheart. “Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. (68) We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. (69) How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven’t any special ability? Most people don’t; there are only a few geniuses. You haven’t any time? (70) Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom’s Cabin while cooking. You’re too old? Remember Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Vacations are a chance to take break from work, see the world and enjoy time with family. But do they make you happier? Researchers from the Netherlands set out to measure the effect that vacations have on overall happiness and how long it lasts. They studied happiness levels among 1, 530 Dutch adults, 974 of whom took a vacation during the 32-week study period. The study showed that the largest lift in happiness comes from the simple act of planning vacation. In the study, the effect of vacation expectation lifted happiness for eight weeks.After the vacation, happiness quickly dropped back to baseline levels for most people. How much stress or relaxation a traveler experienced on the trip appeared to influence post-vacation happiness. There was no post-trip happiness benefit for travelers who said the vacation was “neutral” or “stressful.”Surprisingly, even those travelers who described the trip as “relaxing” showed no additional jump in happiness after the trip. “They were no happier than people who had not been on holiday,” said the lead author, Jeroen Nawijn, tourism research lecturer at Breda University. The only vacationers who experienced an increase in happiness after the trip were those who reported feeling “very relaxed” on their vacati on. Among those people, the vacation happiness effect lasted for just two weeks after the trip before returning to baseline levels.One reason vacations don’t increase happiness after the trip may have to do with the stress of returning to work. And for so me travelers, the holiday itself was stressful. “In comments from people, the thing they mentioned most referred to disagreements with a travel partner or being ill,” Mr. Nawijn said.Since most of the happiness boost comes from planning and expecting a vacation, the study suggests that people may get more out of several small trips a year than one big vacation, Mr Nawijn said.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.71. 虽然网上的信息应有尽有，但要辨别真伪也绝非易事。
【详解】上海市七宝中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末英语试题
考查定语从句。句意：黑水潜水包括拍摄小的、自由漂浮的海洋生物，它们在天黑后或在任何看起来没有底部的地方移动到海洋表面。此处为定语从句修饰先行词area，先行词在从句中地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
【22题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：黑水潜水在中国还是个新鲜事物，它可以追溯到1984年美国夏威夷。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为blackwater diving，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填dates。
【34题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他们的乐观主义和雄心壮志在很大程度上与马丁·路德·金两年后发表的最著名的梦想演讲如出一辙。结合语境表示“……中最……”短语为“最高级+of all”。故填of all。
【35题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：到本世纪末，这两种愿景都产生了具体成果，改变了美国社会。根据上文“By the end of the decade”可知，到过去某一时间动作已经完成并且产生影响，应用过去完成时。故填had yielded。
【30题详ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้】
考查连词。句意：这种冒险但富有魅力的艺术吸引了大批粉丝。结合前后文语境，可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
【答案】31.where
32.a33.would send
34.of all35.had yielded
36.at37.that
38.as if/as though
39.whatever
【39题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：他们将扮演现代麦哲伦的角色，为探险者绘制出太阳系的蓝图，无论他们追随的是人还是机器。此处为宾语从句，从句中的follow缺少宾语，表示“无论什么”应用whatever。故填whatever。
七宝中学高二年级第一学期英语期末试卷
七宝中学高二年级第一学期英语期末试卷I. Listening Comprehension （15%）1. A. 15 minutes B. 90 minutes C. 120 minutes D. 105minutes2. A. Doctor and patient B. Shop owner and customerC. Secretary and bossD. Fashion model and designer3. A. A teacher B. An official C. An engineer D. A chef4. A. She doesn’t agree with the man. B. She is good at finding a place to stay.C. She could hardly find the truth.D. She had no travel experience in Britain.5. A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 56. A. Few students meet Prof. Johnson’s requirements.B. Few students understand Prof. Johnson’s lectures.C. Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson’s class.D. Many students find Prof. Johnson’s lectures boring.7. A. The Computer Room B. New YorkC. The Business CenterD. The Service Centre8. A. The style is more important than the color.B. The green jacket doesn’t fit as well as the blue one.C. The man should buy a jacket instead of a suit.D. The man looks better in blue.9. A. She has difficulty understanding the book.B. She cannot get access to the designated book.C. She has proved to be a better reader than the man.D. She cannot finish the task before the deadline.10. A. The woman isn’t sure whether she’ll go to the party.B. The woman just returned from a visit to the Andersons.C. The woman may not be able to give the man a ride.D. The woman will get her car back on Friday.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. He learned it in a special school. B. He had a lot of practice in his spare time.C. He got it through constant watching.D. He was once caught by a signalman.12. A. In Kansas City B. At Fillan C. At Omar D. At Missouri13. A. Angry B. Excited C. Frightened D. SurprisedQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. State your problem to the head waiter. B. Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.C. Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.D. Ask the name of the person serving you.15. A. Your problem may not be understood correctly.B. You don’t know if you are complaining at the right time.C. Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.D. You can’t tell how the person on the line is reacting.16. A. Demand an immediate response. B. Provide all the details.C. Fix the problem.D. Stick to the point.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form with ONE WORD only for each blank.(请把本题答案写在主观题答题纸上!!!)II. Grammar (请把本题答案写在主观题答题纸上!!!)Section A 8%Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.AOne of the first questions young children ask is “Why?” It is human nature to want to find out __21__ things are the way they are. You can find out “Why” by turning the question into a hypothesis (假设) for 22 experiment.For example, suppose you have been trying to grow tomato plants, but insects keep destroying them. Someone tells you that 23 (put) large strips of colored cloth around the plants will keep insects away. Your question might be “Do certain colors of cloth kee p insects away?” Then you’d begin your experiment. The 24 step would be to place different-colored strips of cloth around all of the plants except one. Then, at regular intervals, you would observe and record and note 25 the plant had any insect damage or not.This experiment may prove that the answer to your question is “No, it is not different-colored strips of cloth that keep away insects.” Or you 26 find that answer is “Yes, certain insects are kept away by blue cloth, but not yellow clo th.” ...... whatever you have found, you are well on your way to understanding how you can use scientific thinking 27 (solve) a problem in your own life.BA time capsule buried by Apple founder Steve Jobs 20 years ago 28 (discover) recently after it was left buried for an extra ten years because its location was long forgotten.In1983, Steve Jobs, as a young tech innovator, was attending an international design conference in Aspen. During the conference, he and the group 29 (decide) to bury a time capsule as a stunt. The time capsule was filled with a diverse collection of goods, ranging from the new apple mouse at that time to a six-pack of beer for the people 30 discovered it.The time capsule was meant to be dug up 20 years later. however, there was a problem with that plan as everyone __31__ (involve) forgot the place where it was buried.The final discovery happened at the hands of the crew from the National Geographic Channel’s program called Diggers. The discovery was well documented and even the experts had problems __32__ (find) this particular treasure. __33 their preparations and clear idea of where the tube was, it still took them two hours to dig it up by using heavy machinery. To the technology industry, the finding of the time capsule appears to be a big accomplishment.The 34 interesting object in the time capsule would likely be the Lisa Mouse, which was placed in the tube by the hands of 28-year-old Jobs. The Lisa Mouse, which Jobs named after his daughter, was one of the first commercial computer 35 which were sold publicly, making it a rarity at that time. 36__ the shape of mouse has changed over the past three decades, the internal components of mouse have remained largely the same.Section B 9%本大题从41题开始填涂客观答题卡!!!The usage of electronic devices in the classroom has been debated for over a decade. For many, computers and mobile devices are the__41__ of education, for others they are out to __42__ our students’ minds.At Fortune Kindergarten we take a cautious__43__ way. Although we don’t see electronic gadgets as a “cure all,” we believe that they can be highly__44__ tools in certain contexts. Fortune Kindergarten puts great emphasis on communication, not only as a tool to teach both English and Chinese language, but also as a __45__ with which students can __46__ important values, such as empathy (the ability to understand other people's feelings and problems) and cooperation.We make sure our usage of electronic gadgets never takes the center stage. In some classes, teachers will use tablets or smart phones hooked to TV screens to display theme-related visuals. Others play __47__ music, videos or news clippings.These resources are always presented and used as a stimulus rather than the main activity itself.We use a variety of websites and educational games, often at the school library, to__48__ the students’hand eye coordination as well as early math concepts, Mandarin literacy or English reading and phonics. Programs such as Google Earth or Street View have often been used to__49__ themes related to geography or culture.At Fortune Kindergarten we use gadgets to assist with different aspects of learning, but the main gadgets we rely on is the human mind.III. Cloze（15%）The Rapid Advance of Artificial IntelligenceThanks to visionary and hard-working scientists and engineers. We now live in a world where cars drive themselves and machines recognize people and “understand” their emotions. Only a few years ago such technologies might have seemed as magical, __50__ with the rapid advance of artificial intelligence (AI), they are turning into __51__.It has been two years since Watson, the AI program created by IBM, beat two of the world’s best Jeopardy (美国老牌智力问答节目《危险边缘》) players. Watson __52__ roughly 200 million pages of information and is able to understand __53__ language queries and answer questions. The computer maker had initially planned to test Watson as an expert adviser to doctors as its encyclopedic knowledge of medical conditions could aid a human expert in diagnosing illnesses.In May, __54__, IBM went a significant step further by announcing a general-purpose version of its software, the “IBM Watson Engagement Advisor.” The idea is to make the company’s question-answering system __55__ in a wide range of call center, technical support and telephone sales applications. The company says that as many as 61 percent of all telephone support calls __56__ fail because human support-center employees are unable to give people correct or complete information. Besides helping human operators, Watson will also be used in a “self-s ervice” mode, in which customers can__57__ directly with the program by typing questions in a Web browser or by speaking to a speech recognition program.Creating cars that drive themselves is another field of interest heavily __58__ artificial intelligence. As automakers General Motors and Nissan have said they will introduce __59__ autonomous cars by the end of the decade, a small Israeli tech company called Mobileye has made considerable __60__. Computer scientist Amnon Shashua, who founded Mobileye, has modified his Audi A7 by adding a video camera and AI software, __61__ the car to drive the 65 kilometers between the Israeli cities of Jerusalem and Tel Aviv without his having to__62__ the steering wheel.__63__computing has also come a long way. Child-sized robot Rubi, __64__, plays with children at a preschool in California. It listens to them, speaks to them and understands their facial expressions. Its creator, Professor Javier Movellan, is now working on computers that can interact with humans, including holding conversations. Computers that understand our deepest emotions hold the promise of a world full of brilliant machines.50. A. but B. and C. so D. therefore51. A. facts B. practice C. realities D. intelligence52. A. takes in B. turns over C. sees to D. has access to53. A. computer B. natural C. artificial D. bilingual54. A. however B. anyhow C. moreover D. somewhat55. A. compatible B. available C. approachable D. affordable56. A. particularly B. scarcely C. currently D. generally57. A. interact B. link C. meet D. associate58. A. appealing for B. dealing with C. relying on D. calling on59. A. confidently B. specially C. sufficiently D. completely60. A. production B. progress C. procedure D. program61. A. enriching B. assisting C. causing D. enabling62. A. touch B. use C. move D. fix63. A. Reasonable B. Smart C. Emotional D. Artificial64. A. in fact B. for example C. in a word D. on the wholeIV. Reading Comprehension （24%）AIt was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We had not seen rain in almost a month. The crops were dying. Cows had stopped giving milk. The streams were long gone back into the earth. If we didn't see some rain soon we would lose everything.I was in the kitchen making lunch for my husband and his brothers when I saw my six-year old son, Billy, walking toward the woods. He was obviously walking with a great effort trying to be as still as possible. Minutes after he disappeared into the woods, he came running out again, toward the house.Moments later, however, he was once again walking in that slow purposeful long step toward the woods. This activity went on for over an hour; walking cautiously to the woods, then running back to the house. Finally, my curiosity got the best of me. I crept out of the house and followed him on his journey.He was cupping both hands in front of him as he walked; being very careful not to spill the water he held in them. Branches and thorns slapped his little face but he did not try to avoid them. He had a much greater purpose. As I leaned in to spy on him, I saw the most amazing site.Several large deer appeared threatening in front of him. But Billy walked right up to them. I almost screamed for him to get away. And I saw a baby deer lying on the ground, obviously suffering from heavy loss of water and heat exhaustion, lift its head with great effort to lap up the water cupped in my beautiful boy's hand.I stood on the edge of the woods watching the most beautiful heart I have ever known working so hard to save a life. As the tears that rolled down my face began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops... and more drops... and more. I looked up at the sky. It was as if God, Himself, was weeping with pride.65. Why did the author follow her son?A. Because there might be danger.B. Because her son was doing a good deed.C. Because she was curious.D. Because she intended to help.66. What Billy did mainly showed that he was _____.A. caringB. naiveC. imaginativeD. aggressive67. Which is the correct order of the development of the story?①The author was moved to tears.②Billy fed the water to the baby deer.③Billy walked towards the large deer.④It began to rain.⑤The author followed Billy into the woods.A. ③②⑤①④B：④①②③⑤ C. ⑤③②①④ D. ⑤②①③④68. At the end of the story, the author might experience different feelings EXCEPT THAT_____A. Billy was a pride.B. God was touched by Billy's activity.C. it was worthwhile to have given birth to Billy.D. the rain should have dropped earlier.BNext stop: planet MarsFL Y me to the moon? That’s not far enough. On September 14, NASA released designs for asuper rocket, the Space Launch System (SLS). This time the final destination will be Mars.The SLS is a huge, liquid-fuelled rocket. If it is fully developed, it will be the most powerful rocket ever built. Its lift capability will be much bigger than that of the space shuttle or Saturn 5, the rocket that sent the Apollo missions to the moon.NASA is planning to launch its first unmanned test flight in 2017. It is hoped that the first crew will fly in 2021 and astronauts will make it to a nearby asteroid in 2025. NASA hopes to send the rocket and astronauts to Mars from the asteroid by the 2030s, according to the Associated Press (AP).NASA used liquid rockets to send Apollo, Gemini and Mercury into space, but later changed to solid rockets boosters because they were cheaper. Tragically, however, a booster flaw caused the space shuttle Challenger to crash in 1986. The new project plans to return to liquid fuel.According to AP, the rockets will at first be able to carry 77 to 110 tons of payload. Eventually they will be able to carry 143 tons into space, maybe even as many as 165 tons, NASA officials said. By comparison, the Saturn 5 booster could lift 130 tons and the space shuttle just 27 tons.However, unlike reusable shuttles, these powerful rockets are mostly one use only. New ones have to be built for every launch. This will be very costly.NASA estimates that it will cost about $3 billion per year, or $18 billion until the first test flight in 2017. NASA hopes to make money by allowing private companies to send astronauts to the International Space Station like giant taxi services, so that the program can be “sustainable”.“This is perhaps the biggest thing for space exploration in decades,” said Senator Bill Nelson, a former astronaut. “The goal is to fly humans s afely beyond low-Earth orbit and deep into outer space where we cannot only survive, but one day also live.”69. What is the outstanding feature of the SLS?A. It’s equipped with an advanced control system.B. It’s the first unmanned space shuttle in the world.C. It’s the only vehicle that can fly astronauts to the moon.D. It can send a lot more goods and passengers into space.A. the part of a vehicle that produces power to make it moveB. a mistake, mark, or weakness that makes something imperfectC. computer machinery and equipment, as opposed to the programsD. the sets of programs that tell a computer how to do a particular job71. NASA plans to use liquid fuel in the new project because _____ than solid rockets boosters.A. it is much saferB. it is less costlyC. it can last longerD. it is more eco-friendly72. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. the SLS program is planning to make reusable rocketsB. NASA will use SLS as a space taxi between the Earth and MarsC. the goal of the SLS program is to enable humans to live on the moonD. the US government may not have provided enough money for the SLS programCLiving in a world of fast-moving technology, I am used to instant reactions. With the InternetI can receive and send information, communicate with friends and buy various items all instantly by the click of a mouse. This is what technology has done to me. It saves time and is convenient.While this technology does make it more convenient to receive information, sometimes I wonder if all this is too convenient.We take advantage of the speed so much that if the Internet is not working or the fax machine is not sending properly, our world seems to shut down. In fact, technology can often make us lazy.I cannot possibly spend the time mailing a letter in the post office. “Fax it. Email it,” the world cries.This speed of communication has caused us to be so impatient that we have grown apart from each other. Does anyone else think it is scary that a person does not need to even leave his or her bedroom to have full contact with anyone in the world?In that way, I guess technology benefits those who cannot leave their household for one reason or another. However, I think that it decreases our value of face-to- face human contact as a whole.The world has become even more impatient than I have. Sometimes, when I am too busy to check my e-mail or have no access, I miss out important information and events that have already taken place without my knowledge. Sadly, this idea is becoming truth.While technology is an essential part of our society, it should be less emphasized as the only way in which to communicate efficiency. Instead, accuracy should be more important, for although the Internet and fax machine are faster, they do not always promise accurate information in sending, Also, with the Internet, valuable information, such as credit card information, can fall into the wrong hands without being noticed.While completely giving up these communication devices is not feasible, society needs to be more patient with the inefficiencies of human —made inventions and of course with human connections.73. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. High--technology equipment makes communication easier and faster.B. Living in a world of fast — moving technology can make people lazy and impatient.C. The Internet and fax machine have enabled everyone to work indoors.D. Modern communication devices can work efficiently, but not always indoors.74. When the author says “sometimes I wonder if all this is too convenient” in the secondparagraph, he emphasizes the point that _____________.A. he can do everything instantly and he is used to instant reactionB. the speed of communication has caused people to grow apart from each otherC. he sometimes missed out important information when he’s too busy to check his emailD. people should not depend on these technical devices because they are not always reliable75. In writing the passage, the author wants to _______________.A. ask people to give up high-technological facilities altogetherB. encourage people to take an appropriate attitude toward new technologyC. put importance on the value of face-to-face human contact as a wholeD. persuade people to be more patient with human connections76.Which of the following would you choose as the title of this passage?A. Technology, a Two-edged SwordB. Fast-moving Technology and the Impatient WorldC. Advantages of Modern Communication DevicesD. Demons of Modern Communication DevicesDWhen it comes to making a good career in the business world, being honest and getting along well with colleagues gives a person a solid competitive advantage, claims a new research.Dr. Bohlmann has found that project managers can expect better performance by far from the members of their team if treating them with honesty, kindness, and respect. According to another study , the cross-functional product development teams, can achieve a great quality and better cost benefits from socializing and interacting with individuals who work for their suppliers.The first, Dr. Bohlmann’s study analyzed cross-functional product development teams, which combine together engineers, researchers and business personnel. The point to involve people with various backgrounds was to show that there was a focus on finance, marketing, and also on a design and functionality, right from the start of the product-development process. In addition to all this, this diversity also helped to make communication more effective in order to ensure that all members of the team were socializing and cooperating, and not just working at cross-purposes.As a result, it indicated that "interactional fairness awareness" indeed had an effect on ahad been treated well and respected, showed a great increase in their commitment to the success of the project they had been working on in cooperation with other team members, and, in particular, when they realized their project manager or supervisor to be a kind, nice and honest guy.According to Dr. Bohlmann, the increase in such commitment is very essential and important because it could improve performance that would result in the achievement of team goals. And if Bohlmann's study comes to the conclusion that nice and honest guys are the first to finish, the second research by Dr. Rob Handfleld shows us that cooperating and socializing well with others can give a team, and even a company an edge, when it comes to product development.77.According to the passage, being a successful project manager, you should havethe qualities such as _____.79. What effect can the commitment mentioned by Dr. Bohlmann have on our work?80.What will the author most possibly go on talking in paragraph 6?Translation:1.设计逼真的机器人不久就要面市。
2019-2020学年七宝中学高二上英语期中试卷
七宝中学高二上英语期中考试II. GrammarDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.There was a time when the belief that teachers should be highly-respected and teaching is a noble profession prevailed（盛行）. And that was exactly the dangerous illusion I used to have (21) I actually became a teacher. Nowadays, as far as I am concerned, being a responsible teacher to a large degree means (22) (clear) up the mess left by his or her students on a regular basis.Take my personal experience as an example. For years, my students (23) (never fail) to amaze me with their magnificent abilities to escalate（使……逐步升级）trivial matters into disastrous chaos. Of course, that is not something (24) (boast) about, but I have to say so far they have done a tremendous job. Therefore, not even a single second can I take my eyes away from them because once they are out of sight, they are out of control (25) suddenly they were transformed from reasonable human beings into restless monkeys by magical spells.Besides, it is increasingly hard for me to understand my students (26) the constant efforts I make.Conversations with my students usually end in one of three ways:Students don’t respond to any attempts made to establish real communication, (27) say.They reply with lip-service, in that they will start to behave themselves, but (28) results from this.They blame others for their faults and takes no responsibilities for their own behaviors. So, with all those said, it is not surprising that in China it has become (29) (challenging) for governments to persuade people to join the teaching profession. Part of the reason for this may be the intense pressure that comes from feeling powerless to control the children for (30) they are responsible.III. VocabularyDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.It has taken him long, but eventually he did it – at 31, Wayne Rooney became the all time (31)____goa lscorer for Manchester United, surpassing Sir Bobby Charlton. 250 goals in 546 matches at 175 minutes per goal ratio is no (32)____ achievement. And yet with Rooney, there is always a feeling that he could have done more.Rooney left such an unforgettable impression when he first (33) ____on to the scene that we often tend to undervalue his gradual transformation into a complete forward. We often fail to acknowledge what a tremendous team player he is. Rooney is one player who has always (34)____ when it mattered most. He is a hero. Maybe, a flawed one.Under Sir Alex Ferguson, United made it a habit of winning late. Old Trafford became the central cathedral of Europe that taught the art of scoring late and (35)____ victories. And most of the time, Rooney(36)____as the main man to execute the killing job to perfection. He scored 101 goals for United after the 60th minute, of which 55 goals have come in the final 15 minutes. 30 of those have come as winners.The England captain(37)____ could have added more goals to his tally had he played as a leading striker throughout his career for United. Ferguson, who signed him from Everton in 2004, felt that Rooney could serve the club in a better way than by being a (38)____ striker. It is under his expert (39)____ that Rooney became amore accomplished forward. In the process of his transformation, he lost pace and cutting edge, but his overall development took a new height.He is a hero. Maybe, a flawed one. After all, Rooney has been a great servant for the club. And he should be remembered for his great (40)____ to United’s success.(B)Whether we’re buying a pair of running shoes, reading a certain book, or even selecting a life partner , everyday decisions--from the ordinary and typically unexciting to the (41)______challenges of balancing career, family, and individual needs--have become increasingly complicated due to the overwhelming(42)______of choice with which we are presented.We assume that more choices should mean better options and greater satisfaction. But (43)______the considerable amount of choice causes people to become helpless and dissatisfied. So beware of choice overload. Beyond a certain number of choices, the law of diminishing marginal utility(边际效应) begins to take effects. Choices overload can make you (44)______ the decisions you make before you even make them, it can set you up for (45)______high expectations, and it can make you blame yourself for any and all failures.In his beautifully-reasoned book The Paradox of Choice, Barry Schwartz explains why too much of a good thing has proven harmful to our psychological and emotional well-being. The case he makes for a correlation between our emotional state and what he calls the “the tyranny(暴政) of choice” is fairly(46)______. Schwartz illustrates well how our choices have expanded, how our demands for perfection have increased and how we suffer as a result---from regret and feelings of asking for more. He makes the counter-intuitive case that(47)______choices can greatly reduce the stress, anxiety, and busyness of our lives. In (48)______, engaging language, he offers practical steps for how to limit choices to a manageable number, have the (49)______ to focus on the important ones and ignore the rest. And if you can(50)______those approaches, ultimately you will derive greater satisfaction from the choices you do make.Quoted and revised from the book The Paradox of Choice written by Barry Schwartz41-50 CD, A, BC, D, BD, AD, ABC, AB, B, ACⅣ.Cloze(15’)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrases that best fits the context.Personally, I am not a fan of VR technology and I believe that the development of VR is very much likely tobe the end of humanity since Virtual Reality can easily cause us to__51___ our moral compass.The other day, my wife and I were talking about__52___ in marriage and I suddenly had a sobering thought that VR would sooner or later change how we view relationship entirely. Of course, I could be wrong.But when I asked my life whether having an __53___ in Virtual Reality should be considered as cheating too, quite__54___ to my expectation ,she didn't laughed at me as usual ,saying some cliches like, “it's only a software program or it's not even real”.Instead, she__55___the conversation and was lost in thought.People always tend to believe they can enjoy the convenience of online technology without being influenced by its__56___. However, what happens in cyberspace doesn't__57___stay in cyberspace. The emotions and feelings of intimate contact felt in VR are very likely to__58___a real-world meeting or even a real-life sex.Therefore, if a partner is being “__59___” online, the emotional consequences and impact on the existing relationships are clear. Add to this the prospect for physical contact in immersive VR via sensory devices such as some remotely-controlled sexual aids and you have a recipe for a 100%__60___ relationship.So ,are we about to__61___the rules of faithfulness itself ? But what counts as cheating for one person may not be for another. After all__62___ , every individual’s freedom of choice in love, relationship and marriage.A for me, even thought I don't know how to __63___a relationship with an avatar girlfriend or boyfriend when trying to explain it to others, I’m still fully aware of the devastating consequences it may cause and the fact that the boundary between VR and reality is getting blurry. If people are getting their needs for affection, intimacy,__64___ and sex from somewhere else, I think it's cheating.After all ,while it may appear to be __65___and exciting at first sight ,a VR affair may also be a Pandora’ box. Once opened ,our relationships may never be the same again.51. A. uncover B. erode C. enhance D. check52. A. loyalty B. happiness C. dis satisfaction D. responsibility53. A. intention B. obsession C. appetite D. affair54. A. similar B. familiar C. relative D. country55. A. broke off B. took over C. struck up D. engaged in56. A. breakthroughs B. variations C. drawbacks D. applications57. A. easily B. necessarily C. hardly D. randomly58. A. come off B. translate into C. result from D. attach to59. A. unfaithful B. aggressive C. abnormal D. sentimental60. A. harmonious B. marital C. disastrous D. permanent61. A .violate B. impose C. observe D. redefine62. A. dates back to B. comes down to C. steers away from D. gets hold of63. A. destroy B. strengthen C. term D. appreciate64. A. tutorship B. companionship C. ownership D. entrepreneurship65. A. appealing B. rewarding C. astonishing D. demandingSection B 32%Directions:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Chinese Emoji(表情符号) Circles the Global“Funny”, a made-in-China emoji, seems to have recently moved beyond just China. Now, it is more than an emoji – it is a cultural expansion.> Reaching global marketsA series of “funny” emoji-based bolsters(抱枕) have attracted the attention of Japanese customers through Amazon Japan, an online shopping centre.Even if one bolster is more than three times as expensive as in China – it doesn’t kill their desires to buy it.OneJapanese customer Miki said,“They are just so cute and I bought three bolsters at one time for my family. And every time I see them, my mood just brightens suddenly.”> Addition to domestic social mediaCompared with Japanese people’s impressions of the “funny” emoji, Chinese netizens prefer to use the emoji to tease one another on social media.One commonly seen online comment is: “We strongly suggest stopping the usage of the emoji. Because every time other people send me the emoji, I feel very uncomfortable and consider myself as a fool.”Regarded as the most popular emoji, the “funny” emoji has received much attention since its release in 2013.In fact, the “funny” emoji is the updated version of its original one; “funny” has a smiley mouth, two eyebrows and naughty look. All these characteristics present users a sense of irony.> In everyday use abroadIt is not the first time the Chinese emoji takes the world stage. Earlier this year, one emoji from the Chinese basketball celebrity Yao Ming has been spread through the Middle East region. In a city in southern Egypt, Yao’s smiling emoji has emerged frequently in local traffic signs to remind people the road ahead is one-way. Many locals do not know Yao Ming but are familiar with his emoji and nickname “Chinese Funny Face”.As a new online language, emojis have become an necessary part of people’s daily life, helping people express their views in a more vivid and precise fashion. Also, it can help foreigners learn about Chinese culture But how to properly use “the fifth innovation in China” without hurting others and how to turn them into commercial advantages still need answers.66.Why do the bolsters attract a Japanese customer named Miki’ attention?A.They are unreasonably expensive.B.They help Brighten the mood.C.They help reach an agreement.D.They are helpful to express desire.67.According to the passage, which of the following is the latest “funny” emoji?68.Emojis are so popular worldwide mainly because people use them to _____.A.express their views more vividly.B.Present their sense of Irony.C.Imply very complicated meanings properly.D.Tease one another on social media purposely(B)The Diet Zone: A Dangerous PlaceDiet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm uspsychologically and physically.Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrient. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.69. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that ________.A. diet products fail to bring out people’s potentialB. people have difficulty in choosing diet productsC. so-called diet products are misleading peopleD. people are fed up with various diet products70. One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to _____.A. try out a variety of diet foodsB. hesitate before they enjoy diet foodsC. pay attention to their own eating habitsD. watch their weight rather than their diet71. In paragraph 3, “gains come without pains” probably means______.A. losing weight is effortlessB. it costs a lot to lose weightC. diet products bring no painD. diet products are free from calories72.Which of the following shows the structure of the passageCP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点)C: Conclusion（C）Personality is to a large extent inherent-A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the win at all costs moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: Rejoice, we conquer！By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into B's. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A- type stock. B's are important and should be encouraged.73.According to the passage,A-type individuals are usually________.（A）impatient（B）considerate（C）aggressive（D）agreeable74.The author is strongly opposed to the practice of examinations at schools because________.（A）the pressure is too great on the students（B）some students are bound to fail（C）failure rates are too high（D）the results of examinations are doubtful75.The selection of medical professionals is currently based on________.（A）candidates'sensitivity（B）academic achievements（C）competitive spirit（D）surer values76.From the passage we can draw the conclusion that________.（A）the personality of a child is well established at birth（B）family influence dominates the shaping of one's characteristics（C）the development of one's personality is due to multiple factors（D）B-type characteristics can find no place in a competitive society（D）If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending onwhom you are addressing, the problems will be different.If you are talking to a group of teachers, you may refer to the peculiar bahaviors of their students; alternatively if you are addressing students, you may want to comment on their peculiar teachers.Here is an example, which I overheard of a students' conversation that works perfectly because the audience all shared the same view of their English teachers. In the traffic court of Shanghai, a young lady was brought before a judge to answer for a ticket given to her for driving through a red light. She explained to his honor that she was a high school English teacher and requested an immediate disposal of her case so she could get to the school on time. A wild gleam came into the judge’s eyes. “You’re an English teacher, oh?” he said. “Madam, I shall realize my lifelong ambition, I’ve waited years to have an English teacher in this court.” “Now sit down at the table and write I will not drive through red lights.” “500 times!”If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn't attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff(即兴的)remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it's the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote "If at first you don't succeed, give up" or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.77.To make your humor work, you should ________.A．ignore the differences among audienceB．make fun of the peculiarly-behaved people.C．show great sympathy for your audience.D．address different issues to different people.78.The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of students, they all ________.A．punish students with repetitive tasksB．pay attention to traffic regulationsC．value the importance of being on timeD．enjoy popularity among judges79. It can be inferred from the text that public services ________.A．have benefited many people.B．are the focus of public attention.C．are an inappropriate subject for humor.D．have often been the laughing stock.80.To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered ________.A．with detailed explanations B．as casually as possible.C．in exaggerated statement.D．without a targeted audience81.The best title for the text may be ________.A．Use Humor Effectively.B．Various Kinds of Humor.C．Add Humor to Speech.D．Different Humor Strategies.Section B: (8)Direction: in the article, 4 sentences have been removed. Chose the most suitable ones from the list A---AC to fit into the numbered gaps. There are TWO which do not fit in any of the gaps;your English workbook. Recite the whole passage of the Peacock Flies to the Southeast, and don’t forget to fill in the missing chemical symbols on the worksheet.Sound like a list of your homework for the next few nights--- or maybe even just for tonight (82)____ It’s your teachers’ way of evaluating how much you understand what’s going on in class. It helps strengthen important concepts.(83)_______ It’s inviting to start with the easy things to get them out of the way. However, you will have the most energy and focus when you begin, so it’s best to us this mental power on the subjects that are most challenging which without a doubt should be English. Later, when you are more tired, you can focus on the simpler things like maths. If you get stuck on a problem, try to figure it out as well as you can-- but don’t spend too much time on it because this can mess up your homework schedule for the rest of the night. Most people’s attention spans aren’t very long, so take some breaks while doing your homework. Sitting for too long without relaxing will make you less productive than if you stop every so often. Taking a 15-minute break every hour is a good idea for most people. (84)_______.Once your homework is done, you can check over it if you have extra time. Be sure to put it safely away in your backpack---there’s nothing worse than having a completed assignment that you can’t find the next morning or that gets ruined by a careless brother or sister.(85)_______ Now you’re free to hang out.VI. Translation (20’)1.人们很少会考虑到过分沉迷于外貌所可能引起的危险。
上海市闵行区七宝中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期中英语试题
上海市闵行区七宝中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Swimming way to successWhat does it take to graduate from a university? Many 1．say all you have to do is take classes and pass the exams. Well, it requires more than it if you’re a student at Tsinghua University.Starting this September, freshmen at the university will have to take swimming courses. If they fail a swimming test at the beginning of their university course, th ey won’t receive their degree 2．they can pass the test successfully, according to an announcement by Tsinghua University president Qiu Yong.Exceptions 3．(allow) for students with certain physical or mental conditions, if proved by medical staff.Liu Bo, head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, explained 4．the university is linking swimming ability with degrees.“As a requisite(必要的) survival skill, swimming is beneficial for students in the long run, since swimming is helpful in impr oving students’ endurance and is 5．(harmful) to joints(关节) and muscles as a water sport,” he told China Daily.Viewing the ability 6．(swim) as a must for students is not something new to this university - it was also a requirement in the early 20th century.It was later dropped 7．a rising number of students and a lack of facilities. Besides Tsinghua University, Peking University and Xiamen University have also listed swimming as a compulsory course for students.However, the announcement has caused a heated debate.Some welcomed the new rule, saying it’s a necessary skill that can save lives. “Swimming is a fundamental(基本的) skill. It’s a way to stay healthy and is lifesaving in emergency situations. I believe making 8．mandatory(强制的) is necessary,” Yuan Jiax iang, a junior inTsinghua’s Department of Civil Engineering, told China Daily.However, some said it has nothing to do with getting a degree. “It’s not reasonable to require people to be able to swim for them to graduate,” Zheng Xiaoyu, a high school stud ent from the Middle School Affiliated to Northern Jiaotong University, told China Daily. “For a lot of people who grew up in inland cities, learning how to swim as an adult will be difficult.”In fact, Chinese universities are not the only education organizations 9．encourage their students to swim. A few colleges in the United States - including Cornell, Columbia and MIT - offer swim classes to students. “Anything 10．(prevent) people from dying needlessly is a valuable skill,” Fred DeBruyn, director of aqu atics(水上运动) at Cornell, told The New York Times.二、选用适当得单词或短语补全句子Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.If you can’t seem to catch enough Z’s during the week, you’re not alone. But bad things happen to your body when you’re sleep-deprived, not least of which is weight gain. Well, here’s some good news: Sleeping in on the weekend to make up for sleep lost during the week is 11．with lower body mass index (BMI), according to a study published in the Oxford University Press journal Sleep.The researchers, a collaboration of scientists based in Boston, Massachusetts, and the Republic of Korean, sought to determin e if what they refer to as “catch-up sleep”12．body mass index (BMI) in the general population. To do so, they conducted face-to-face interviews of a random sampling of 2,156 adults, comparing their sleep habits with their BMI scores. The 932 participants who slept in –“catch-up sleepers” (people who sleep longer on the weekend than on weekdays by approximately two hours) had a(n)13．lower BMI than the other subjects. What’s more, every additional hour of catch-up sleep was linked with a decrease in BMI.As to why sleeping in on weekends can lead to weight loss, one of the study co-authors, Robert Thomas, MD, MMSc, of the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston,14．Reader’s Digest of the “substantial(大量的) experimental and epidemiological(流行病学的) data thatshort sleep contributes to weight gain.” He notes, “our best 15．as researchers are that there are balances to be kept, and the body can adjust and 16．within reason. Catch-up sleep allows the basic balance to be maintained.”Although the study showed significant differences in BMI with the 17．of two or more hours of catch-up sleep, Dr. Thomas points out that there are “substantial individual differences,” such that the benefit we get from those extra hours will vary 18．on how much sleep each of us generally needs. “To determine your optional sleep, you can track the time spent sleeping on nights when there is no need to wake up to an alarm,” suggests Liza Baker, a health coach at Simply Health Coaching. That tells you about how many hours of sleep your body likes to get, since it 19．greatly across the population, from just 4 to 5 hours to 9 to 10 hours.So can you actually lost weight by sleeping in on the weekend? Only if you’re paying off a sleep 20．from the week, according to the result of this study. It helps if you’re also eating less, Dr. Thomas adds.Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Go hi-tech this holidayIf you’ve been searching for a reason to pick up that latest gadget, then what better time than Christmas? There’s no shortage of innovative, forward-thinking and futuristic products on the market today, as technology takes center stage on many people’s festive wish lists. Here, we offer a festive gadget(小玩意)21．that will help you take a closer look at three of tech’s hottest categories.Virtual realityVRProbably the most exciting tech development of recent times, virtual reality (VR) has arrived, with enough options 22．to the consumer who’s searching for an extra dose ofhigh-tech fun this Christmas. The cheapest way to get a high-end VR experience comes courtesy of Sony. Its PlaySt ation VR doesn’t require a tricked-out PC or expensive phone - it works with the Playstation 4 console and comes with a few great games in its library. There aresome accessories you can purchase to 23．the experience, but if you’ve already got a PS4 you can enter the world of VR for just $400 (2780 yuan). 2016 has been the year of VR and as such many 24．to Sony’s creation exist. High-end offerings like the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift, as well as mobile options like Samsung’s Gear VR, will get your head in th e game.Wireless headphones25．ease of use with the ability to move freely around your home, gym or workplace, wireless headphones just make sense. And there are plenty of viable(可行的) options to 26．any budget. The Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones are definitely worth a test drive, though. The full-size, around-ear Bluetooth headphones 27．active noise cancellation and double as a headset for making phone calls. They’ve even earned the Editor’s Choice award at and can be snapped up for less than $400 online. Beats has worked its way firmly into the market and its Studio Wireless headphones are a popular choice, especially as you can now find them much cheaper than their 28．$379 asking price by searching around online.Digital camerasWhile your phone is a worthy sidekick, there’s no 29．for a real camera when it comes to taking the perfect picture. And these days you can get quality specifications in a package that’s almost as small as your smartphone. The sleek design of the Fujifilm X70, $699 (4,850 yuan), makes it the perfect companion, or you could go retro with the Olympus PEN-F ($1,200) that offers old school looks alongside cutting edge technology. Domestically, it’s worth checking out Xiaomi’s mirrorless Yi M1 for a more 30．option. With a high-end 20-megapixel sensor and the ability to host multiple lenses, it’s available from just 2,199 yuan.三、完形填空Truth be told, a life-changing college experience doesn’t begin or end with a high GPA or great university tour. And although parents and teachers alike work diligently to prep their students with the cutting-edge classes and impressive transcripts, they’r e 31 one vital skill: emotional intelligence.A poll of 1,502 first-year college students in the U.S. found that a majority of them wish they had received more 32 preparation for college. Emotional preparedness is 33 “the ability to take care of oneself, adapt to new environments, 34 negative emotions or behavior and build positive relationship,” according to the survey.“Survey data indicate that college readiness requires far more than just a solid academic foundation – a findg that seems 35 conventional higher education preparation, said John MacPhee, Executive Director of the Jed Foundation, which co-sponsored the survey. “It is clear that emotional preparedness should be better 36 the work that high school communities are doing to guide students through the transition into college.”Data show that college students 37 far more than their academics – and their stress can take a serious toll(代价) on their 38 in school. Forty percent of survey participants felt pressure to pay for college expenses, followed by 30 percent who said their biggest 39 was to make new friends. 40 , keeping in touch with family and friends not at their college (28 percent) and being independent (16 percent) also weighed heavily on college studnets’ shoulders.All of these 41 had a negative impact inside and outside of the classroom. Students who felt less emotionally prepared for college were more likely to have a lower grade point average, regularly 42 drugs and/or alcohol, and rate their overall college experience as terrible or poor.“As high school seniors start applying to college around this time of year, parents and people 43 in their lives can play an important role in helping children build confidence and life skills, said Marisa Giarnella-Porco, Co-Founder, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Jordan Porco Foundation, a survey co-sponsor. “It is important to 44 them to choose a college that best fits their needs first and foremost – not only in a(n) 45 sense, but also relative to emotional needs.”Thankfully, whether your child is packing up for school this fall or still in diapers, it’s never too late (or too early!) to begin prepping them for university life. Here’s wha t parents should do to help their college-bound kid, starting now.31．A．mastering B．employing C．forgetting D．preparing 32．A．emotional B．careful C．comprehensive D．active 33．A．compared with B．applied to C．adjusted to D．defined as 34．A．arouse B．control C．display D．hide 35．A．short of B．strict with C．contrary to D．proud of 36．A．reminded of B．combined with C．focused on D．devoted to 37．A．depend on B．worry about C．refer to D．respond to 38．A．performances B．grades C．subjects D．requirements39．A．mistake B．decision C．event D．challenge 40．A．Otherwise B．Thus C．Besides D．However 41．A．pressures B．benefits C．behaviors D．thoughts 42．A．market B．ban C．consume D．produce 43．A．aggressive B．influential C．mysterious D．modest 44．A．support B．guide C．warn D．command 45．A．good B．keen C．academic D．delicate四、阅读选择El Nifio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱）in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施）can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道）make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food andmedicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El N ino’s harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.46．What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?A．It is named after a South American fisherman.B．It takes place almost every year all over the world.C．It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.D．It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.47．What may El Ninos bring about to the countries affected?A．Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.B．Droughts become more harmful than floods.C．Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses.D．Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.48．The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that_________.A．more investment should go to risk reductionB．governments of poor countries need more aidC．victims of El Nino deserve more compensationD．recovery and reconstruction should come first49．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A．To introduce El Nino and its origin.B．To explain the consequences of El Nino.C．To show ways of fighting against El Nino.D．To urge people to prepare for El Nino.Inspiring young minds!TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children's publishing，bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month．Sounds too good to be true？Take a look online-evidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends．Happy Birthday All Year!What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month？The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day．SUBSCRIBE NOWAnnual SubscriptionEurope £55 Rest of World £65Annual Subscription with Gift PackIncludes a Mammoth Map，a Passport Puzzle Booklet，and SubscriptionEurope £60 Rest of World £70Refund Policy-the subscription can be cancelled within 28days and you can get your money back．50．Why is TOKNOW a special magazine？______A．It entertains young parents．B．It provides serious advertisements．C．It publishes popular science fictions．D．It combines fun with complex concepts．51．What does TOKNOW offer its readers？______A．Online courses．B．Articles on new topics．C．Lectures on a balanced life．D．Reports on scientific discoveries．52．How much should you pay if you make a 12-month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China？______A．£55．B．£60．C．£65．D．£70．53．Subscribers of TOKNOW would get ______ ．A．free birthday presentsB．full refund within 28 daysC．membership of the TOKNOW clubD．chances to meet the experts in personSuppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g. “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g. “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attentionshou ld be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differe nces in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations, they found a positive correlation(正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity....Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.54．People volunteer mainly out of __________.A．academic requirements B．social expectationsC．financial rewards D．internal needs55．What can we learn from the Florida study?A．Follow-up studies should last for one year.B．Volunteers should get mentally prepared.C．Strategy training is a must in research. D．Volunteers are provided with concrete advice.56．What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work? A．Individual differences in role identity. B．Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirts.C．Role identity as a volunteer.D．Practical advice from researchers. 57．What is the best title of the passage?A．How to Get People to Volunteer B．How to Study Volunteer Behaviors C．How to Keep Volunteers’ Interest D．How to Organize Volunteer ActivitiesAsk most people how they define the American Dream and chances are they’ll say, “Success.” The dream of individual opportunity has been home in American since Europeans discovered a “new world” in the Western Hemisphere. Early immigrants like Hector St. Jean de Crevecoeur praised highly the freedom and opportunity to be found in this new land. His glowing descriptions of a classless society where anyone could attain success through honesty and hard work fired the imaginations of many European readers: in Letters from an American Farmer (1782) he wrote. “We are all excited at the spirit of an industry which is unfettered(无拘无束的) and unrestrained, be cause each person works for himself… We have no princes, for whom we toil(干苦力活), starve, and bleed: we are the most perfect society now existing in the world.” The promise of a land where “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” drew poor immigrants from Europe and fueled national expansion into the western territories.Our national mythology(神化) is full of illustration of the American success story. There’s Benjamin Franklin, the very model of the self-educated, self-made man, who rose from modest origins to become a well-known scientist, philosopher, and statesman. In the nineteenth century, Horatio Alger, a writer of fiction for young boys, became American’s best-selling author with rags-to-riches tales. The notion of success haunts us: we spend million every year reading about the rich and famous, learning how to “make a fortune in real estate with no money down,” and “dressing for success.” The myth of success has even invaded our personal relationships: today i t’s as important to be “successful” in marriage or parenthoods as it is to come out on top in business.But dreams easily turn into nightmares. Every American who hopes to “make it” also knows the fear of failure, because the myth of success inevitably implies comparison between the haves and the have-nots, the stars and the anonymous crowd. Under pressure of the myth, we become indulged in status symbols: we try to live in the “right” neighborhoods, wear the “right” clothes, eat the “right” foods. These sy mbols of distinction assure us and others that we believe strongly in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens.58．By saying “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” (Line 10, Para. 1), the author means .A．the more diligent one is, the bigger his returnsB．laborious work ensures the growth of an industryC．a man’s business should be developed step by stepD．a company’s success depends on its employees’ hard work59．The characters described in Horatio Alger’s novels are people who . A．succeed in real estate investmentB．earned enormous fortunes by chancesC．became wealthy after starting life very poorD．became famous despite their modest origins60．It can be inferred from the last sentence of the second paragraph that . A．business success often contributes to a successful marriageB．Americans wish to succeed in every aspect of lifeC．good personal relationships lead to business successD．successful business people provide good care for their children61．What is the conflict of American culture according to the author?A．The American road to success is full of nightmares.B．Status symbols are not a real indicator of a person’s wealth.C．The American Dream is nothing but an empty dream.D．What Americans strive after often contradicts their beliefs.五、六选四Directions: complete the following passage by using the sentenced given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.It is a common experience for many: You make donations to others, such as unfortunate people in disaster-stricken areas, and you are appreciated. 62．A billionaire couple has recently made one of the biggest charitable donations to a university in China’s history. Chen Tianqiao and Chrissy Luo, co-founders of China’s Shanda Group, donated $115 million (799 million yuan) to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to help advanced brain research. The coup le’s donation will be spent building a neuroscience(神经科学) institute, with the aim of deepening the understanding of how the brain works, according to a statement from Caltech. Chen has been interested in brain research for a long time.However, this huge donation has caused heated discussions among Chinese scholars andinternet users alike.Many criticized them for choosing to give money to a foreign university rather than Chinese institutes for brain research, which are developing fast and are on track to catch up with the US in just a few years. 63．Others, however, support the couple’s choice for brain research. They believe Caltech is a more rational choice compared to Chinese research institutions. 64．In addition, the results of the research benefit not only the American people, but also the rest of the world.A similar controversy started two years ago when Pan Shiyi, chairman of SOHO China, along with his wife Zhang Xin, donated $15 million to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese students.Many believe that China is still behind in the management and use of donated money, and that as a result, Chinese philanthropists(慈善家) are looking abroad. 65．In comparison, Western countries like the US, which have a long history of donating money, havewell-developed systems that use the donations efficiently.“To get more donations, Chinese universities should be bolder and more honest… they need self-reflection, rather than jealousy,” commented Xinhua.A．Rao Yi, a biologist and professor at Peking University, even said the donation was a “typical mistake”.B．Some previously planned to donate to a Chinese university, but this didn’t happen after the university refused to give them a report on the planned use of the money.C．It can shape the industries of the future such as artificial intelligence, robotics and virtual reality.D．However, donations can also draw criticism.E.They can also provide full access for donors who want to trace the use of the money.F.It has a long history and has taken a leading position in biology and neuroscience studies, therefore producing more efficient results.六、概要写作66．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How to Improve Your English PronunciationAccurate pronunciation is an important part of learning English, or any language for thatmatter. The way your speech sounds can have a big impact on whether or not people understand what you are saying and their initial impression of you. There are no shortcuts to perfect pronunciation; there are, however, some ways you can practice more effectively and improve your skills faster.It’s often difficult to hear pronunciation errors in your own speech because you are concentrating on actually communicating rather than the sound you are making. If you can’t hear your pronunciation problems, it’s tough to correct them. Try recording your speech with your smartphone or PC and making a note of specific areas you need to improve on.Moreover, many English learners think that speaking fluently means they need to speak fast. This is wrong. Speaking too fast reinforces bad habits and makes the speaker sound nervous and indecisive. Speaking slowly will give you time to breathe properly and think about what you want to say next.Pronunciation is a physical skill. You’re teaching your mouth a new way to move and using different muscles. Focus on difficult sounds each day. Having trouble with “th”? Put your tongue be tween your teeth (don’t bite down) and blow air out of your mouth. Feel the air move over the top of your tongue. Another method worth a try is learning popular English songs. Singing helps you relax and just get those words out, as well as helping your rhythm and intonation (语调). Because you don’t need to concentrate on constructing sentences for yourself, you can concentrate on making your pronunciation sound great!___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________七、根据所给汉语意思完成句子Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.67．中国是一个历史悠久的大国，很多名胜值得一游。
上海市2020-2021学年高二上学期10-11月英语试卷精选汇编：完形填空专题【2024版】
可编辑修改精选全文完整版完形填空专题上海市七宝中学2020-2021学年高二上学期10月月考英语试卷(A)The continuous presentation of frightening stories about global warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frightened. Even worse, it ___41___ our kids.Al Gore famously ___42___ how a sea-level rise of 20 feet would almost completely flood Florida, New York, Holland, and Shanghai, even though the United Nations says that such a thing will not even happen, ___43___ that sea levels will rise 20 times less than that.When ___44___ with these exaggerations, some of us say that they are for a good cause, and surely there is no harm done if the result is that we focus even more on handling climate change.This ___45___ is astonishingly wrong. Such exaggerations do plenty of harm. Worrying excessively about global warming means that we worry less about other things, where we could do so much more good. We focus, ___46___, on global warming's impact on malaria (疟疾)----which will put slightly more people at ___47___in 100 years - instead of dealing with the half a billion people ___48___ from malaria today with prevention and treatment policies that are much cheaper and dramatically more effective than carbon reduction would be.Exaggeration also wears out the public's ___49___ to cope with global warming. If the planet is certain to be destroyed owing to global warming, people wonder, why do anything? A record 54% of American voters now believe the news media make global warming appear worse than it really is. A ___50___ of people now believe – incorrectly – that global warming is not even caused by humans.But the ___51___ cost of exaggeration, I believe, is the unnecessary alarm that it causes – particularly among children. An article in The Washington Post cited nine-year-old Alyssa, who cries about the possibility of mass animal ___52___ from global warming.The newspaper also reported that parents are ___53___ effective outlets for their eight-year-olds' concern with dying polar bears. They might be better off educating them and letting them know that, ___54___ to common belief, the global polar bear population has doubled over the past half- century, to about 22,000. ___55___ the possible disappearing of summer Arctic ice, polar bears will not become extinct.41. A. exhausts B. depresses C. terrifies D. exploits42. A. dismissed B. demonstrated C. deposited D. described43. A. measuring B. justifying C. estimating D. advocating44. A. faced B. identified C. equipped D. entitled45. A. announcement B. argument C. interaction D. dialogue46. A. for example B. in addition C. by contrast D. in short47. A. peace B. leisure C. ease D. risk48. A. suffering B. evolving C. developing D. prohibiting49. A. ability B. endurance C. willingness D. preference50. A. mixture B. majority C. quantity D. crowd51. A. smallest B. worst C. fewest D. least52. A. separation B. reservation C. isolation D. extinction53. A. turning out B. taking over C. searching for D. pulling through54. A. sensitive B. contrary C. related D. accustomed55. A. Despite B. Besides C. Without D. Except(B)Residents of urban areas often make use of public transportation on their way to school or the office. But when their final ___56___ isn’t near a bus stop or subway statio n, those folks have a problem. Transportation experts often ___57___ to this as the “last mile” problem —finding a way to close the gap between public transportation stops and one’s destination.With the last mile problem in mind, the makers of the URB-E ___58___ a compact electric vehicle that weighs around 13 kilograms. Unlike bikes, which often don’t fit on crowded buses or trains, the URB-E collapses into a form ___59___ to carry-on luggage. And since the URB-E can be carried ___60___ anywhere, it’s no t as vulnerable to thieves as bikes are.Depending on usage, the URB-E can travel for 32 kilometers on a single ___61___, reaching a top speed of 24 kilometers per hour. Although there are other vehicles attempting to ___62___ the last mile issue, the URB-E ___63___ for its ease of use, portability and affordable price. For the price of a nice laptop, you could have an URB-E to drive to the office.The URB-E is made from aircraft-grade aluminum and comes in two basic models: the URB-E Commuter and the URB-E GP. The main ___64___ between the two is that the Commuter model has two rear wheels while the GP has only one. That means the Commuter offers greater stability, as ___65___ to the GP’s ability to make sharper turns like a bicycle.Both models come with accessories ___66___ LED front and rear lights and a shock-absorbing seat. They also ___67___ a smartphone holder and USB charging port right on the steering column. In fact, smartphones play a big role in the URB-E app to do things like monitor battery charge or control the lights. ___68___ accessories include a cup holder and a folding luggage shelf.At this year’s international Consumer Electronic Show (CES) in Las Vegas, tech website The Verge awarded the URB-E with its “Best Personal Transportation” aw ard. Singing the URB-E’s ___69___, Verge editor Ben Popper said, “The URB-E felt like the kind of vehicle an enlightened citizen of 2030 would own.” So why wait that long, when the URB-E is ___70___ for order now?56.A. purpose B. destination C. transportation D. vehicle57.A. refer B. accustom C. attach D. stick58 A.discovered B. introduced C. designed D. manufactured59 A.convenient B. efficient C. objective D. similar60 A.constantly B. eventually C. mainly D. practically61 A.charge B. tourism C. competition D. distance62 A.cover B. develop C. address D. conquer63 A.breaks away B. stands out C. invests in D. perseveres in64 A.difference B. characteristic C. shortcoming D. advantage65 A.familiar B. strange C. important D. opposed66 A.as a result of B. such as C. in all D. in addition to67 A.install B. explore C. feature D. equip68 A.Optional B. Critical C. Essential D. Unique69 A.influences B. contributions C. praises D. achievements70 A.accessible B. flexible C. fascinating D. available(B)56-70 BACDD ACBAD BCACD上海市向明中学2020-2021学年高二上英语期中考试英语试卷III. Reading ComprehensionSection A（15分，每题1分）Directions:For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Do Brain Training Games Work?With an ageing population worried about cognitive(认知的) decline, brain training apps have soared in popularity. Search “brain training”, and you will find (41)________ apps and websites promising to make you mentally agile( 敏捷的). In the same way that we might go to the gym to exercise, a daily mental (42)________is said to produce physical changes in the brain. All you will have to do is to (43)________ a few minutes each day to complete puzzles, memory games and word quizzes.At l east that’s the idea. And there are a lot of people who are (44)________ into it. In 2018, consumers spent an estimated $1.9 billion on brain training apps—a fourfold increase from 2012. Of course, smartphones were not the original home for brain training games. (45)________, Nintendo recently released its fourth all-time best-selling game, Brain Age, and brought it to the Switch in Japan last month. The idea of improving mental fitness clearly has widespread appeal, but is it based on scientific evidence or (46)________marketing promises?In 2014, the Stanford Center on Longevity published an open letter (47)________by 69 international neuroscientists( 神经科学家) and cognitive psychologists. There is no convincing scientific evidence, the experts argued, that playing brain games improves cognitive abilities in everyday life.Two years later, another team of psychologists reviewed every scientific study cited by major brain training companies (48)________ their products. They questioned not only how the evidence had been reported and interpreted, but the way many of the studies had been designed. The (49)________included small sample sizes, inadequate control groups, and cherry-picking(挑选最有利的) research outcomes to (50)________.If the science is so (51)________ flawed (错误的), why do people feel the need to train their brains with these apps and games?That’s (52)________, according to Til Wykes, a professor at King’s College London. Nintendo’s Brain Age game, for instance, assigns players a score based on their gaming performance. They might start with a “brain age” score of 60 and after a few weeks of (53)________, will be told they have reduced it to 40. For some people, there is clearly some positive reward for seeing themselves improve over time. Wykes stresses, (54)________, that for people who are really worried about their cognition, learning a new language would be more beneficial, which has been shown to improve brain(55)________.41. A. endless B. advanced C. protective D. imaginary42. A. outcome B. tryout C. workout D. outlook43. A. set out B. set back C. set off D. set aside44. A buying B. engaging C. overlooking D. inquiring45. A. By contrast B. For instance C. Of course D. In conclusion46. A. reliable B. precious C. secret D. empty47. A. signed B. secured C. received D. sought48. A. in presence of B. in support of C. in case of D. in memory of49. A. expectation B. solution C. criticism D. standard50. A. report B. design C. produce D. negotiate51. A. effortlessly B. temporarily C. seriously D. unfairly52. A. dependable B. understandable C. comparable D. achievable53. A. experiment B. theory C. practice D. performance54. A. altogether B. therefore C. however D. likewise55. A. movement B. cooperation C. evaluation D. function41—45 ACDAB 46—50 DABCA 51—55 CBCCD上海市曹杨第二中学2020-2021学年高二上英语10月阶段测试英语试题III. Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Residents of urban areas make use of public transportation on their way to school or the office. But when their final__41__ isn't near a bus stop or subway station, those folks have a problem. Transportation experts often __42__ to this as the "last mile" problem-finding a way to close the gap between public transportation stops and one's destination.With the last mile problem in mind, the makers of the URB-E __43__ a compact electric vehicle that weights around 13 kilograms. Unlike bikes, which often don't fit on crowded buses or trains, the URB-E collapses into a form __44__ to carry-on luggage. And since the URB-E can be carried __45__ anywhere, it's not as vulnerable to thieves as bikes are.Depending on usage, the URB-E can travel for 32 kilometers on a single __46__, reaching a top speed of 24 kilometers per hour. Although there are other vehicles attempting to __47__ the last mile issue, the URB-E __48__ for its ease of use, portability and affordable price. For the price of a nice laptop, you could have an URB-E TO drive to the office.The URB-E is made from aircraft-grade aluminum and comes in two basic models: the URB-E Commuter and URB-E GP. The main __49__ between the two is that the Commuter model has two rear wheels while the GP has only one. That means the Commuter offers greater stability, as __50__ to the GP's ability to make sharper turns like a bicycle.Both models come with accessories __51__ LED front and rear lights and a shock-absorbing seat. They also __52__ a smart-phone holder and USB charging port right on the steering column. In fact, smart-phones play a big role in the URB-E app to do things like monitor battery charge or control the lights. __53__ accessories include a cup holder and a folding luggage shelf.At this year's international Consumer Electronic Show (CES) in Las Vegas, tech website The Verge awarded theURB-E with its "Best Personal Transportation" award. Singing the URB-E __54__, V erge editor Ben Popper said, "The URB-E felt like the kind of vehicle an enlighened citizen of 2030 would own." So why wait that long, when the URB-E is __55__ for order now?41. A. purpose B. destination C. transportation D. vehicle42. A. refer B. accustom C. attach D. stick43. A. discovered B. introduced C. designed D. manufactured44. A. convenient B. efficient C. objective D. similar45. A. constantly B. eventually C. mainly D. practically46. A. charge B. tourism C. competition D. distance47. A. cover B. develop C. address D. conquer48. A. breaks away B. stands out C. invests in D. perseveres in49. A. difference B. characteristic C. shortcoming D. advantage50. A. familiar B. strange C. important D. opposed51. A. as a result of B. such as C. in all D. in addition to52. A. install B. explore C. feature D. equip53. A. Optional B. Critical C. Essential D. Unique54. A. influences B. contributions C. praises D. achievements55. A. accessible B. flexible C. fascinating D. available上海市2020-2021学年上海师范大学附属中学高二上英语期中考试卷Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Processed foods like chips, soda and frozen pizzas are full of salt, sugar and fat. Now scientists are trying to understand if there is something else about such foods that may be bad for humans. Scientists have already linked low-cost, __61__ foods to rising obesity rates around the world. Three recent studies offer more __62__ on how our increasingly industrialized food supply may be affecting our health.What does processed food __63__?The researchers created a system that places foods into four groups. The system says highly processed foods are made __64__ of industrialized materials and additives. Sodas, packaged cookies, instant noodles and chicken nuggets are some examples of highly processed foods. But also included are products that can __65__ healthy, such as morning cereals, energy bars and some kinds of yogurt.What's wrong with processed foods?Researchers at the National Institutes of Health conducted a four-week study involving 20 people. They found that people eat about 500 more calories a day when __66__ mostly processed foods. That is compared with when the __67__ people were given less processed foods. The researchers permitted the 20 participants to eat as much or as little as they wanted. They were taken to a medical center so their health and behavior could be __68__.In another study, researchers in France found people who ate more processed foods were more likely to have heart disease. A similar study in Spain linked eating more processed foods to a higher risk of death __69__.What is it about processed foods?When given less processed foods, people in the study __70__ more of a hormone that controls hunger, and less of a hormone that causes hunger. The reason for the __71__ is not clear. The scientists also found that people ate processed foods more quickly.Kevin Hall is one of the researchers who led the study. He told the AP that processed foods are __72__ softer and easier to chew and swallow. Hall noted the source of nutrients might __73__. For example, fiber from whole fruits and vegetables may be better for making people feel full than fiber added to packaged foods such as energy bars and yogurt.What should you eat?Avoiding processed foods can be hard, __74__ for people with limited time and money. Processed foods can also take many forms. __75__, companies continually re-engineer products to make them seem healthier. The newest studies may provide more reasons to avoid processed foods. But, they also call attention to the difficulty of coming up with ways to dothat.61. A. organic B. delicious C. packaged D. cheap62. A. examples B. clues C. hints D. signals63. A. provide B. suggest C. mean D. infer64. A. specially B. mostly C. naturally D. technically65. A. remain B. taste C. become D. seem66. A. consumed B. forced C. deprived D. fed67. A. same B. normal C. different D. alternative68. A. explained B. observed C. cured D. remedied69. A. in general B. in particular C. in nature D. in advance70. A. preferred B. produced C. compared D. processed71. A. hunger B. procedure C. reaction D. physiology72. A. supposedly B. hardly C. usually D. constantly73. A. strike a balance B. run a risk C. pose a threat D. make a difference74. A. especially B. generally C. specifically D. reasonably75. A. By contrast B. In summary C. Above all D. In addition完形（1’*15=15’）61~65 CBCBD 66~70 DABAB 71~75 CCDAD上海市晋元高中2020-2021学年高二上第一学期10月月考英语试卷Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. (15’)Merely hear the Arctic Circle lie some countries struggling through the long winter days, with almost nothing in sight except the marvelous natural scenery. Therefore no elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be referred to as Western Europe's last unexplored wilderness. But the truth is, once you're off the 41______ track of low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives the road are few, and they are all bad, so Iceland's natural wonders have been out of 42______ and unknown even to its own 43_______. For them the land has always just been there, something that had to be dealt with and, if possible,44______the mind-set of land as commodity rather than land as, well, priceless art on the scale of the "Mona Lisa".When the opportunity arose in 2013 for the natural power company to enter into a 40-year45_______with the American aluminum(铝) company Alcoa to supply hydro-electric- power for new smelter (冶炼厂), those who had been dreaming of something like this for decades 46________ the opportunity. For long time, life here had meant little more than hut, dark all winter, cold, no hope, children dying left and right, plagues, starvation, volcanoes erupting and destroying all vegetation and livestock, all spirit---a world 47______almost entirely around the welfare of one's sheep and, later, on how good thefish-catching was. In the remote regions, it still largely does.It seemed that the Alcoa project was intended to save one of these dying regions--- the remote and thinly-populated east---where the way of life had steadily 48______ to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing quotas were 49______ in the early 1980s to protect fish stocks, many individual boat owners sold their shares or gave them away, fishing rightsdrained away even more jobs previously done by human hands, and the people were seeing everything that they had worked for all their lives turn out to be 51______ and their children move away. With the old way of life bound to die, aluminum projects like this one had come to be perceived, wisely or not, as a last chance, "Smelter or death."The contract with Alcoa would integrate the region with foreign 52______, an estimated 400 jobs, and spin-off service industries. It also was a way for Iceland to develop expertise that 53______ could be sold to the rest of the world and54______ an economy historically dependent on fish. "We have to live, as Halldodr Asgrimsson said. Halldor, former prime minister and longtime member of parliament from the region, was driving 55________ behind the project. "We have a right to live’.41. A.beaten B.extended C. unpaved D. twisted42. A. reach B. sight C. bounds D. control43. A. tourists B. environmentalists C. scholars D.inhabitants44.A.conquered B.exploited C. restrained D. preserved45.A.stage B.prosperity C. transition D. contract46. A. gave up B. sneezed at C. jumped at D. made up47.A.stirring B. developing C. revolving D.initiating48.A.transferred B. reformed C.altered D. declined49.A.imposed B.presented C.resisted D.preferred50. A. held up B,wiped out C. kept down D. put aside51. A. worthless B. superficial C. priceless D. negative52.A.invasion B.exclusion C.investment D. landscape53. A. socially B. potentially C. accidentally D. immediately54.A. stabilize B.wreck C. diversify D.consolidate55. A.signal B.wheel C.instructor D.force41-55 AADBD CCDAB ACBCD上海市致远高中2020-2021学年第一学期期中教学评估高二英语试卷III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.High-end taxi services are widely used in big cities across China. Their being well received has been fueled by the success of taxi-hailing apps like Didi and Kuaidi. But at present, there are no laws to 41 the safety and legal rights of _42_ who use these services, since high-end taxis _43_ operate without a government license.This has also cast _44_ on whether the services offered by international taxi apps like Uber and other local rivals are "legal" according to current laws in China. A motion raised by Deputy Zhang Yubiao at this year's National People's Congress aims to address this _45_ loop-hole." High-end taxis are one category of taxis, and the only difference is the lackof government 46 _. We should have an open attitude towards the new service and _47 _ its innovation. Since it has the market demand, we should consider 48_ it."Unlike traditional taxis, high-end taxis can only be _49_ using smart-phone apps. They _50_ a high-end richer market that pays higher rates for more customized services.NPC Deputy and transportation expert Cheng Dehong says high-end taxis should not be _51_ as illegal black cabs run by individuals. "In the past, we only saw the negative side of the high-end taxi service, since we always highlighted the safety concerns, tax evasion issues and other _52_ activities. But given the huge demand for high-end taxies, we should look at its _53_ side. We can _54_ many of the problems with new regulations and _55_ commuters a safer, more convenient taxi service."41. A.keep B.offer C. give D. guarantee42. A.operators B.passenger C. drivers D. managers43. A.extraordinarily B.currently C. swiftly D. regularly44. A.doubts B.challengers C. conflicts D. thoughts45. A.legal B.clear C. simila D. basic46. A.assistance B.investigation C. supervision D. cooperation47. A.reform B.prevent C. enhance D. encourage48. A.promoting B.employing C. applying D. legalizing49. A.rode B.booked C. subscripted D. served50. A.change B.satisfy C. demand D. threaten51. A.classified B.known C. exchanged D. interpreted52. A.efficien B.high-end C. illegal D. financial53. A.negative B.influential C. careful D. positive54. A.arise B.raise C. resolve D. display55. A.approve B.improve C. increase D. offer答案略。