陆空通话教程第二章开车前

第章2Pre-startLesson Four: Radio check and ATIS•教学目的: 掌握符合陆空对话标准的无线电检查和通播的形式•重点难点: 无线电检查和通播的形式无线电检查程序：1）对方电台呼号2）己方电台呼号3）无线电检查（Radio check）4）使用的频率无线电检查回答应按照下列形式：1）对方电台呼号；2）己方电台呼号；3）所发射信号的质量（readability）。

P: 昆明地面, 东方2406, 无线电检查,118.1.Kunming ground, CES 2406, radio check. 118.1.C: 东方2406, 昆明地面, 听你3个, 你的信号弱,检查你的发射机. CES 2406, Kunming ground, read you 3, your signal is weak, check your transmitter.P: 昆明地面,东方2406, 1,2,3,4,5, 现在信号怎样?Kunming ground,CES2406, 1,2,3,4,5, how do you read now?C: 东方2406,听你5个.CES 2406, read you 5.无线电检查时信号质量：1---不清楚（unreadable; I can’t read you)2---可断续听到（You are cut in and out)3---能听清但困难（Your signal is jammed; your signal is weak..) 4---清楚（clear)5---非常清楚(loud and clear)飞行高度层高度8400米（含）以下，每300米为一个飞行高度层；飞行高度层高度8400米（不含）以上，每600米为一个飞行高度层；ATIS的一般格式机场名称（airport name）代码（information code）观测时间（time）预计进近类别（estimated approach type）使用跑道（runway in use）重要的跑道道面情况, 刹车效应Runway condition: wet, snow, slush, ice. Braking action: poor, medium, good延迟等待（delay）过渡高度层（transition level）其他必要的运行通报(operational information: expect…departure, flocks of birds, restriction area, etc.)地面风向量wind direction (degrees) and strength (knots)能见度, 跑道视程(visibility, RVR)现行天气(present weather: mist, fog, snow, drizzle, etc.)云盖度, 云底高(cloud cover in octas, height of clouds in feet or meters)大气温度，露点(temperature dew point)高度表拨正值altimeter天气趋势trend (‘no sig’or expected weather change)特殊信息（extra information）关于云量：sky clear:晴；few(FEW): 少云(1-2 octas)scattered(SCT): 疏云(3-4octas)broken(BKN):裂云，多云(5-7octas)overcast(OVC):阴天，满天云(8 octas)hectopascals, millibars过渡高度层：1）机场标高在1200米（含以下），过渡高度定为3000米，过渡高度层为3600米；2）机场标高在1200米至2400米（含），过渡高度定为4200米，过渡高度层为4800米；3）机场标高在2400米以上，过渡高度和过渡高度层根据飞行程序和空中交通管制的需要确定。

Work in progress 正在施工CAVOK: cloud and visibility OKNo sig: 无重大变化Windshear: 风切变Turbulence: 颠簸Fog dispersal operations 除雾措施Noise abatement procedure 降噪程序Threshold 跑道入口midpoint 中间段, stopend 停止端Lesson Four: Radio check and ATIS•课文讲解•练习Lesson Four: Radio check and ATIS汉译英：PIL: Hong Kong Ground, CCA104, radio check 121.6.CTL: Station calling Hong Kong Ground, say again your call sign.PIL: Hong Kong Ground, CCA104, radio check 121.6, how do you read? CTL: CCA104, you are cut in and out.PIL: Call you in 5 minutes.PIL: Hong Kong Ground, CCA104, 12345, 54321, how do you read me now? CTL: CCA104, you are broken, say again and speak slower.PIL: Hong Kong Ground, CCA104, 12345, 54321.CTL: CCA104, I read you 5.•教学目的: 掌握符合陆空对话标准的离场条件及ATC放行许可的形式•重点难点: 离场条件及ATC放行许可补充词汇：cantilever monoplanes, piston-engined airliners，sweptback shape, cruising speed，subsonic (supersonic) flightshockwaves, intercontinental flight，short (medium, long) range flight, bow wave，rear-engined aircraft，buzzard-type wing，twin (four)-engined aircraft，wide (narrow)-bodied jet，drag, friction, lift, propulsion, weight，7500: Hijack7600: Communication failure7700: Distress*能见度小于1500米，必须报告RVR.RVR —Runway Visual RangeRVR runway 18 right 900m: 跑道18右RVR900米Squawk: 0—7之间的数字+2 degrees; -5 degrees离场条件Provide current departure information, as appropriate, to departing aircraft.A. Departure information contained in the ATIS broadcast may beomitted if the pilot states the appropriate ATIS code.B. Issue departure information by including the following:1).Runway in use. (May be omitted if pilot states "have thenumbers.")2).Surface wind from direct readout dial, wind shear detectionsystem, or automated weather observing system informationdisplay. (May be omitted if pilot states "have the numbers.")3).Altimeter setting. (May be omitted if pilot states "have thenumbers.")C.Time, when requested.D. Issue the official ceiling and visibility or RVR, when available,to a departing aircraft before takeoff as follows:1).To a VFR aircraft when weather is below VFR conditions.2).To an IFR aircraft when weather is below VFR conditions orhighest takeoff minima, whichever is greater.E. Taxi information, as necessary.放行许可放行许可中应包括：目的地、使用跑道、航路飞行规则、航路巡航高度、离场程序、应答机编码，如有必要还应该包括：起始高度、离场频率、特殊要求等。

•课文讲解•练习Exercise III:1. Runway in use for takeoff 34, wind 310, 8 kts, T: 31, DP: 27,QNH 1003.2. Departure runway 28, 330, 20 kts, Broken, 3000ft, T: +1, DP: -3, QNH 1012, RVR 600m.3. Take-off RWY 11, 090, 15 kts, Gusting 25 kts, T: 8, DP: 2, QNH1021.4. Surface wind 130, 10 kts, T: 12, DP: 8, QNH 1010, departureRWY 09.5. Departure RWY 15, expect SID G3 or H4, transition level 80,wind 210, 5 kts, T: 20, DP: 12, QNH 1025, caution: birdactivity south of the airfield.Exercise IV:1. GCHLM cleared to Paris DE Gaulle, D3 departure, flight plannedroute, initially climb to FL 180, request level change en route,squawk 5124, contact 121.1 when airborne.2. CCA 9005 Heavy, cleared to Kennedy Airport via Connety 4departure then as filed. Maintain FL 220, departure frequency will be 118.6, squawk 1570.3. BAW 461, cleared to geneva via BPK 1F, Upper Green 1, UpperRed 7, Upper Amber 242 and Upper Blue 28, initial climb to FL 120, request level change en route, squawk 1530.Lesson Five: Exercises4. CCA 934 cleared as filed expect Temell 7G departure,squawk 5663.5. London ATC clears AFR 391 to Orly via flightplanned route, BPK 1G departure, climb tp andmaintain FL 250, request level change en route,contact 124.4 when airborne, squawk 2514.。