广外写作与翻译08年试题
基础翻译上学期末考试A卷
广东外语外贸大学英语教育学院《翻译（笔译》08--09学年度第二学期期末考试试题A卷（考试时间60分钟）考试说明：1. 本场考试可携带传统词典，不可携带电子词典。
2. 班内序号即签到表上的序号。
3. 请监考老师收齐试卷与答题纸，将答题纸按学生签到表序号排序后装入试卷袋。
广东外语外贸大学英语教育学院《翻译（笔译）》08--09学年度第二学期期末考试试题A卷学院__________ 班级______________ 姓名____________学号________ 班内序号__________ 分数 __________1. Translate the following underlined part into Chinese （50％）Why does the idea of progress loom so large in the modern world ? Surely because progress of a particular kind is actually taking place around us and is becoming more and more manifest. Although mankind has undergone no general improvement in intelligence or morality, it has made extraordinary progress in the accumulation of knowledge. Knowledge began to increase as soon as the thoughts of one individual could be communicated to another by means of speech. With the invention of writing, a great advance was made, for knowledge could then be not only communicated but also stored …. What is called “modern civilization”is not the result of a balanced development of all man’s nature, but of accumulated knowledge applied to practical life. The problem now facing humanity is: What is going to be done with all this knowledge ? As is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or for evil. It is now being used indifferently for both. Could any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly than that of gunners using science to shatter men’s bodies while, close at hand, surgeons use it to restore them ? We have to ask ourselves very seriously what will happen if this twofold use of knowledge, with its ever-increasing power, continues.2.请将短文中划线部分译成英语（50%）相依为命一个小小的古镇，一条小小的河，一座小小的石桥，一株500年的古樟。
2008年广东省学士学位英语统考试卷及答案
2008年6月成人高等教育学士学位外语水平考试(广东)英语试卷一Part Ⅰ Dialogue Completion (15 points)Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (40 points)Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Part Ⅳ Cloze Test (10 points)考生须知1.本考试分试卷一和试卷二两部分.试卷一满分85分,考试时间为90分钟,9:00开始,10:30结束;试卷二满分15分,考试时间为30分钟,10:30开始,11:00结束.2.本试卷一为A型试卷,请将答案用2B铅笔填涂在A型答题卡上，答在其它类型答题卡或试卷上的无效。
答题前，请核对答题卡是否为A型卡，若不是，请要求监考人员予以更换。
3.在答题卡上正确的填涂方法为：在答案所代表的字母上划线，如：[A][B][C][D]4.监考人员宣布试卷一考试结束后，请停止答试卷一，将试卷一和试卷一答题卡反扣在自己的桌面上，继续做试卷二。
监考人员将到座位上收取试卷一和试卷一答题卡。
Part Ⅰ Dialogue Completion (15 points)Directions: There are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single linethrough the center.1.Rita: You said we could discuss a problem you had when you first came tothe U．S． Would you like to tell me your problem?Anna:___A________A.Yes ,of course.B.Thanks, I’d love to .C.Well, as you said.D.I don’t think so.2. Jack:Hello, this is Jack London. May I speak to Dr．Lee? Receptionist:I’m sorry.She’s with a patient._____B____A. What’s up?B.May I help you?C.Could you wait?D.Why do you want to see her?3.Peter:Hello.I’m Peter Smith.Aren’t you new here?Wendy: _____A_____ I transferred from UCLA.A.No,I once was here.B.I’m Wendy Chan.C.I don’t know you.D.No,fist time here4.Tim:Hey,Larry!Good to see you!____A______Larry:Terrible!I just found out I failed my math test,and I studied all night for it!A.How’s it going?B.How do you do ?C.How are you?D.How about you?5. Wife:How about picking up some soft drinks on your way home? Husband:___D____ Anything else?A.I’d love to .B.I don’t mind.C.My pleasure.D.No problem.6. Sian: Let’s eat out tonight.I don’t feel like cooking.Vincent:___A____ What do you fancy?Sian:I think Japanese food would make a nice change.A.Me too.B. Do you?C.Well, why not?D. So what?7. Kato:Shall we have Chinese or American food?Mori:_____D_________Kato:There is a good steak house around the corner.A.You have nothing in mindB.It doesn’t matter.C.I have no choice!D.Whatever you say!8.Terri: How are things going with you and your roommate?Jon:Not very well. We’re _____A___,but I end up feeding him three meals a day.A.supposed to divide the house workB. supposed to share the groceriesC. on good termsD. kind of broke9.Mike:Shall I pick you up at 5 or 6?Joei:____A____Mike:OK,I will pick you up at 5.A.It doesn’t make any difference.B. It’s fine with me.C.Like you said.D.Nothing bothers me.10.Stacey:Sue,can you drive Jane and me to the doctor on Monday? Sue:Sure._____A____ when you need help.A.You can always count on meB. I’ll be glad toC.I’ll mark it on my calendarD. You can think of me11. Mei:Is Mrs.Johnson joining us for dinner?Susie:____D_________Mei:I was hoping she would come with us.A.I think so .B. Not that I know of.C.She said so.D.Not that she said.12.Rosie:Sorry,I overslept.My clock didn’t go off this morning.Francie:__Ａ_____ Perhaps you should buy a new one.A.You should put that right.B.Your clock never works.C.Did you set the alarm13.Ryan:Hi,Mike.Haven’t seen you for a while?How is Cathy?Mike:We’re not seeing each other any more.Ryan:What happened? ____Ｂ_________A.Did you fire her?B.Did you break up?C.I believe it.D.She’s fine.14. Jack:I heard you’re going out with Jane.Fred: Where did you get that idea?Jack:______Ｄ___ Jane is a very nice girl,someone you meet only once in a lifetime.A.Oh,come on .B.You mean you aren’t.C.Oh,forget it .D.No kidding.15.Eddie: Did you ever think of working somewhere else?Janice:Yeah. In fact, I have an interview next Monday.Eddie:____Ａ_______A.Good luck!B.Good idea!C.No way!D.Amazing!Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followedby 5 questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B,C,D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneI knew a man who was asked to be the new dean(院长)of the College of Business of a large university. When he first arrived, he studied the situation the college faced and felt that what it needed most was money.He recognized that he had a unique capacity to raise money,and he developed a real sense of vision about fund-raising as his primary function.This created a problem in the college because past deans had focused mainly on meeting day-to-day faculty needs.This new dean was never there. He was running around the country trying to raise money for research. But he was not attending to the day-to-day things as the previous dean had. The faculty,who were used to working with the person at the top,had to work through his administrative assistant.The faculty became so upset with his absence that they sent a delegationto the president of the university to demand a new dean or a fundamental change in his leadership style. The president,who knew what the dean was doing, said,”Relax.He has a good admi nistrative assistant.Give him some more time.”Within a short time, the money started pouring in and the faculty began to recognize the vision. It wasn’t long until every time they saw the dean, they would say,”Get out of here!We don’t want to see you. Go out and bring in more funds.Your administrative assistant runs this office better than anyone else.”This man admitted to me later that the mistake he made was not doingenough team building ,enough explaining, enough educating about what he was trying to accomplish.From him I learned a powerful lesson. We need toconstantly be asking ourselves,”What is needed out there, and what is my unique strength?”16. The new dean thought that the most important thing for him to do was to _Ｄ____.A.gain a sense of visionB.set up a primary goalC.win the trust of the facultyD. raise money17.The new dean was different from the past deans in that ___Ｂ_____.A.he was less responsibleB.he didn’t attend to daily thingsC.he had an adminis trative assistantD.he didn’t like to talk with others18.We can learn from the passage that the faculty __Ｂ___.A.was not well paid for their workB.didn’t understand the new dean’s ideas at firstC.had a conflict with the president of the universityD.didn’t want to work with the administrative assistant19. The faculty would ask the new dean to get out because they ____Ａ___.A.were upset by his leadership styleB.wanted to get rid of himC.were unhappy with his explanationD.wanted him to bring back more money20.What was the mistake the new dean realized he had made?ＣA.He was absent all the year around.B.He was insensitive to the faculty’s needs.C.He didn’t communicate well with the faculty.D.He didn’t work hard to accomplish his goal.Passage TwoIs new technology damaging our ability to communicate?Fingersflying ,we can blog(写博客文章),email,and enter chat rooms.But ,as we type our millions of words, something is being lost.As our virtual skills increase,I wonder if our ability to communicate using speech is on the decline.Young people send me dozens of emails from schools and universities. They often attach long lists of questions,to which they want detailed responses. Time is short, so my reply is usually that they can phone me and I’ll do my best to answer.They very rarely do,at least partly because their oral and telephone skills are less developed than their ability to type,text and email.Yet to adapt an old business saying,a meeting is worth five phone calls and a phone call is worth five emails.Direct communication can quickly lead to bonding and trust.People are more likely to reveal what they are thinking when they actually speak to another person.Most are wary of committing themselves in writing.The great tragedy, of course,is that the phone was invented before the computer.If it had been the other way around,Internet forums would now be filled with the news:”Have you heard (type,type,type)?There is this amazing new device(type,type).Now you can talk directly withpeople(type,type,type).Without all this typing.”Marketing would do the rest and college would be rushing to develop new course in telephone skills.But,as it is ,we are stuck with the supremacy of the typed word and it is getting in the way of our ability to look people in the eye and talk. We should reconsider the technology in which the speed of our fingers is more important than the quality of our voices.21.According to the author, young people today don’t ___Ａ___.A. like to communicate using speechB.like to communicate with peopleC.know how to communicate with peopleD.know how to ask questions in communication22. According to Paragraph 3, compared with meetings, e-mails are __Ｃ___.A.more efficientB. more interestingC.less efficientD.less interesting23. In Paragraph 4,”wary of ”can be replaced by “____B___”A.good atB.happy abouted toD.cautious about24. The author believes that if the phone had been invented after the computer,people would ___A________.A.be eager to learn how to use the phoneB.be glad to have both means of communicationC.still prefer typing words on the computerD.show little interest in the phone25.Which of the following can best describe the author’s attitude towards the communication using typed words today?AA.Concerned.B. Curious.C.Indifferent.D.Impatient.Passage ThreeMost Americans are very conscious of their health and try to maintain a nutritious diet and daily routines to maintain good health.Yet, for many years the tobacco and liquor industries have tried to project the image of style and fashion for those who use their products.Most have learned, however , that the dangers caused to health by tobacco and alcohol can no longer be denied or ignored.The campaigns to alert the public to the evils of these two social drugs have been intense and effective .However,most people dislike being warned that they shou ldn’t do something.It is a kind of psychological resistance.Yet, all tobacco and liquor products must now contain a warning on the package.The warning is simple,but the message is clear:smoking and drinking are hazardous to health. The wording may vary, but it is phrased in such a way as to draw the attention of the consumer to the danger.On TV all tobacco advertising is legally banned, and every ad in a magazine must display the warning.There are many public notices on trains and buses giving out the warning that smoking is linked to lung cancer and other lung and heart diseases.The warning against alcohol consumption is of a different kind.It goes out especially to women who are pregnant and anyone operating a car or electrical machinery. A pregnant woman can cause damage to her baby by drinking alcohol.Also anyone operating a machine runs the risk of an accident which could be fatal.Such warnings appear on all wine bottles and even an appatently harmless can of beer.26.Tobacco and liquor ads try to make people believe that smoking and drinking will ________C______.A.make them look fashionableB.help them keep a nutritious dietC.make them conscious of their healthD.show their healthy images to others27.In the case of smoking and drinking, most people __B______.A.ignore the campaigns against themB.are aware of the dangers they causeC.do not really believe their dangersD.participate in campaigns against them28.It can be inferred from the passage that the campaign against smoking is _____B_.A.short-livedB.long-standingC.widespreadD.well organized29.Tobacco advertising is __B_______.A.popularizedB.restrictedC.bannedD.disliked30.Warnings against drinking are usually directed at ____D_____.A.civiliansB.car driversC.young peopleD.some groups of peoplePassage FourToday,there is no such thing as a “typical”college student.People of all ages are enrolled in colleges.Though the concept of college may be the same for all students,the stress and future goals are different.The college students most people think of usually range in age from 18-21,and are most often away from home for the first time.As a result,they now have choices and no parent to tell them what to do. They are responsible for their own lives,needing to learn to manage their time and find a job,while attending school.They enter this new world with the anticipation of freedom, fun and a good job after graduation.The new faces in the college are usually 30 years old or older, and are returning to school after several years away.They are starting their college education, after raising a family and now ready to do something for themselves.Their lives are considerably different from their younger classmates.They have been on their own for a while,and are concerned about family, responsibilities, work, and the adjustment of being back in school after some years. Most important to them are the hopes of a new career or a job promotion after they graduate.Though they may come to college for different reasons, the result is the same, It is their chance to make a better life for themselves or theirfamilies.As the younger generation is looking for freedom in their lives, those who are returning to school also see freedom.The same opportunities were not available 20 years ago.So in our college and universities, there is a new sense of hope and dreams.Where once stood only the youth of our future, they are now joined by people of all ages who share the dreams of a better life.31.The passage is mainly concerned with the change of ______B__.A.college administrationB.college studentsC.college coursesD.college life32. In the past college students usually __C______.A.lived with their parentsB.found good jobs easilyC.had much time to spareD.had no burden of raising a family33.College students of the new type ____C______.A.enjoy freedom once againB.are worried about their parentsC.aim at a new job or promotionD.study harder than other students34.One thing that the younger and older college students share is____A__.A.their hope for a better lifeB.equal job opportunitiesC.their future plansD.chances to get promotion35.The author seems to approve of ___c_____.A.college students raising a familyB.college students living on their parentsC.older people going back to collegeD.the students’struggle for freedomPart Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions:There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A,B,C,D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with asingle line through the center.36.I suffer from stage ___B____ whenever I have to make a presentation in front of the class. Stage trial审判阶段A.surpriseB.trialC. frightD.display37.The whole new policy has proved a ____D___ and should be abandoned.A.factorB.balanceC.warningD.failure38.We should consider all such projects from a scientific ___C____A.perspective观点B. perfection完美C. prospect前途D.presentation外观39.They bought the company because they were __B_____ about its long-term prospects.长期前景A.hopefulB.considerate考虑周到的C.optimisticD.promising 有希望的40.The ___B_____ cultural features 文化特色of the tribe部落 can be easily observed from this video tape.录像带A.instinctive 天生的B. remote遥远的C.fictional虚构的D.distinct清晰的41.In other words,there are one million __C______ customers for the new product.A.potential 潜在的mercial 商业的C.essential 必要的D.official正式的42.Success does not __D_____ mean material reward,but recognition of some sort-preferably measurable.A.modestly谦虚地B.fantastically 空想地C.miserably 悲惨地D.necessarily必需地43.We stored up some food and water ____D___ things got worse.A.even though 虽然B.what ifC.now that既然D.in case万一44.We should learn from this lesson and consider the long-term influence of dams ___A____ the short-term benefits.A.rather than而不是B.owing to 由于C.because ofD. or else45.The only thing to do now is to ____C____ yourself in some efficient work.eB.employC.engage 参加，忙于D.apply46.The committee委员会 members, ___B___ from middle-school teachers to college professors, wrote a 500-page report.A.spanningB.rangingC.extendingD.stretching47.The people who objected to反对 the new airport were told that since the work had already started,there was no point in ____D______.pleting完成petingC.protectingD.protesting 抗议48.A single lecture is not long enough to __D____ fully the roles played by the scouts in the war.A.pursue追求B.assume 假设C.provideD.illustrate说明49.Researchers sometimes become _____C___ when their efforts appear to produce less obvious results.A.encouragedB.relieved 减轻的C.frustrated泄气的D.disgusted厌恶的50.I asked out one girl and she walked away as quickly as she could without even _____A____.A.respondingB.respecting 关于C.returningD.relaxing51.__A_____ your defence he would have been given a sentence of 10 years.A.Except for要不是B.Because ofC.In spite ofD.But for52.The reason for this note is that at the moment I haven’t got that much spare time on my hands to thank you __A_______.A.in person 亲身B.in place适当的C. in returnD.in sight53. Most middle-aged female white collars face constant stress as they____C___ their family and make important decisions.A.care forB.take forC.head forD.run for54. Even with the measures the Government has been forced to take today,unemployment will __B______ rising.A.keep upB.keep on 继续C.hold upD.hold on55. It was a wonderful meal __C_____ bits of food left over from the day before.A.made forB.made fromC.made ofD.made into56.Her hair was golden when she was a child, but it went darker __B____ she grew up.A.ifB.asC.sinceD.even57.Call the university operator操作员,____C____ you will find the phone number of Professor Smith.A.soB.andC.whenD.before58. The instructor指导老师won’t give them any help ___C_____ absolutely 确实地necessary.A.whenB.ifC.unlessD.once59.Many of the people ___B____ refused to answer to answer any questions.A.questionB.questionedC.questioningD.were questioned60.The boy denied否认 __C_____ anything to do with that bank raid银行抢劫案.A.haveB.to haveC.havingD.have had61.The number of the employees in our company is ____A__ that in theirs.A.twice as large asB.twice as many thanC.as twice many asD.as twice as62. I wish I ___B_____ in the sun by a swimming pool instead of sitting in this classroom.A.have lainB.were lyingyD.lie63.It is essential that all the reports to be published _____A____ twice.A.be checkedB.would be checkedC.were checkedD.will be checked64._____C___ life could be found on Mars was once believed by scientists.A.WhatB.AsC.ThatD.While65. __A______ food was rotting in the warehouses,the poor did not have enough to eat.A.WhileB.WhereC.WhyD.Which66.The researchers of the project have to be very careful with every part if it ___D_____ a success.A.is to beB.isC.will beD.would be67.___C______,Bob still went on with the experiment.A.As he was tiredB.As was he tiredC.Tired as he wasD.As tired as he68.The response to the concerts was not warm enough so I decided to postpone booking tickets ____A_____ later in the year.A.untilB.byC.exceptD.beyond69.He asked a second time,but I couldn’t remember ___D__ any of these works.A.readB.to readC.to have readD.having read70.The teacher _____D__, they went on with their discussion.A.leavingB.being leftC.was leavingD.having left71.Many companies in smaller cities are offering such great professional opportunities that some graduates have a hard time __B______ them down.A.turningB.to turnC.turnD.turned72.Not until the mid-1950s ____A____ most automakers begin offering seat belts as optional safety features.A.didB.hadC.doD.would73.Contact the police and tell them all __C______ you know about the accident.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which74.In the fall the cattle ____B____ from the high country back down to the farm.A.is drivenB.are drivenC.drivesD.drive75.After a long walk,we finally found a shelter ____C_____ for the night.A.to stayB.stayingC.to stay inD.staying inPart Ⅳ Cloze Test (10 points)Directions:There are 10 blanks in the following passage.For each numbered blank,there are 4 choices marked A,B,C,D.Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.If you feel you have a closer relationship with your grandmother on your mother’s side than on your father’s side,it is no surprise to researchers at the universities of Newcastle and Antwerp.__A_76__ on studies in the Netherlands, they claim that maternal grandparents(外祖父母)are likely to make greater efforts to maintain frequent contact ____D77__ their grandchildren than paternal grandparents(祖父母).They ___78_B__that psychological behaviors related to human evolution are involved: women are always sure of their relationship to their sons or daughters,___79B___men can never be wholly certain they are their children’s biological fathers.Furthermore,maternal grandparents are always more certain than paternal grandparents __80B__ a grandchild is relate d to them:”Thus maternal grandparents may go the extra mile to visit their grandchildren.”The study, ___81D___ by Thomas Pollet and his colleagues,found that for grandparents __82C__ within 30 km of their grandchildren ,more than 30 per cent of maternal grandmothers and 25 per cent of maternal grandfathers had __8D3__ daily or a few times a week.In __84_D_ ,this fell to 15 per cent for paternal grandparents.Mr．Pollet said:”Even in families where there has been divorce,we found _A_85__ differences. Grandp arents on your mother’s side make the extra effort.”76.A.Based B.Relied C.Agreed D.Taken77.A.for B.to C.in D.with78.A.demand B.speculate C.deny D.require79.A.where B.whereas C.which D.why80.A.if B.how C.that D.ase across B.cut back C.covered up D.carried out82.A.departing B.existing C.living D.emerging83.A.contact B.contract C.concern D.conduct84.A.time B.detail C.addition D.contrast85.A.unchanging B.unknown C.unlikely D.unexpected试卷二考生须知1.试卷二满分15分,考试时间为30分钟,10:30开始,11:00结束.2.试卷二的答案一律用蓝色或黑色墨水笔写在试卷二答题卡指定区域内,未写在答题卡指定区域或写在试卷上的无效.3.宣布考试结束后,请一律停笔,将试卷二和试卷二答题卡反扣在自己的桌面上,坐在原位,等待监考人员收试卷二和试卷二答题卡,待监考人员全部收齐点清无误,宣布可以离场后,方可离开考场.Part Ⅴ Writing (15 points)Directions:You are to write in 100-120 words about the title “Olympic Torch Bearer”.You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:1.你认为什么样的人可以成为奥运火炬手?2.你是否愿意成为奥运火炬手?3.为什么?。
2008级写作试卷
外国语学院英语2008级专升本写作课程试卷I. Choose the more appropriate word for each blank in the following sentences.(10 x 2’=20’)(1) They ____ the plan for the development of the inner cityA. agreedB. approved(2) By driving home over the bridge he unknowingly ____ the sports-ground congestion.A. avoidedB. escaped(3) To ____ the child’s quick recovery, the doctor gave him and antibiotic.A. assureB. ensure(4) We really appreciate your ____ habit of sharing your money with less fortunate friends.A. generous,B. lavish(5) She ____ all about the gossip as soon as she reported it..A. forgotB. neglected(6) How she wished to ____ a speaking knowledge of English!.A. acquireB. obtain (7) This spray is meant to ____ mosquitoesA. repelB. repulse(8) She was a nice girl, but rather ____; she always behaves like a mischievous girl.A. childishB. childlike(9) These facts were ____ me, but I could not remember them for the moment.A. familiar toB. familiar with(10) The troops advanced ____ because the area had been mined by the enemy.A. cautiouslyB. carefullyII. Point out the rhetorical devices used in the following sentences.(10 x 2’=20’)(1)To get a word out of him was like pulling teeth.(2)She was strangled in the net of gossip.(3)He is not a person who lets his heart rule his head.(4)The poor person has six mouths to feed.(5)He climbed up the crane to a dizzy height.(6)I’m dying to see you.(7)“Don’t worry, It’s only a little scratch,” he said, though he had been badly mauledby the tiger.(8)His wife is expecting another child.(9)At this, she burst into a tearful laughter.(10)W e will never parley; we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang. We shall fighthim by land, we shall fight him by see, we shall fight him in the air, until, With God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its people from his yoke.----Winston ChurchillIII. Fill in the blanks with one of the transitional words or phrases given below the paragraphs. (5 x 2’=10’)A tall man and a short man were waiting for a taxi on the same street corner. (1)____, an old lady joined them. It was raining hard and all the taxies passed without stopping. (2)____, a taxi stopped, and the tall man rushed ahead of the short man. The short man stopped him and they started to argue. The tall man was in a hurry, so was the short one. (3)____, the tall one was on the corner first. (4)____, the argument became heated and they began to grapple with each other. (5)____ the old lady was sympathetic to both of them she calmly closed her umbrella, opened the door and got into the car. The taxi driver smiled, winked at her, and drove away.(1) A. Later B. Afterwards C. Then(2) A. However B. At the end C. Finally(3) A. Beside B. Besides C. On the other hand(4) A. After all B. Later C. Soon(5) A. However B. Although C. Even of IV. Write a letter to a former teacher of yours, briefly telling him/her some of the interesting stories or experiences that occurred to you from the time you left school. (20’)V. Write an article according to the following instructions. (30’) 鼠标是计算机时代最佳的人机交互工具之一。
2008年广东外语外贸大学英语专业水平考试考研真题及参考答案-考研真题资料
广东外语外贸大学2008年研究生入学考试英语专业水平考试样题1. Fill in each of the blanks below with a word provided in the brackets. The words you put in must be grammatically and semantically appropriate. You can only use the words in the brackets ONCE. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (30分)(and, absolute, anticipate, best, breaks, browsing, deliberately, enjoy, differently, feel, health, norm, patterns, potential, some, then, those, tiredness, well, with)Be realistic about time in your planning. And suit yourself-everyone works (1)______, and your personal (2)_______ working patterns may (3)_______ be different from (4)__those_____ other people might expect from you. The aim should be to develop your own (5)_______, not to regulate your working habits to a conventional (6)_______.Allow for unexpected (7)________ such as days when libraries are closed, delays while materials arrive through the post, days when you don’t (8)_______ like working, etc. And create breaks (9)_______. For example, you should allow for creating variation in your working (10)________ . Read for a while, then do some writing or some research (11)_______ in a library; this can reduce the effect of strain or (12)_______ with long bouts of writing, something which is particularly important for (13)________ reasons if you work at a computer.Remember that finishing off always takes longer than you (14)_______ , so allow enough time for this. Be careful with deadlines: some are notional (and extensions are possible); others are fixed and (15)_______ , with the result that noncompletion on schedule can mean failure. Check the rules to find out which of these your deadline is.II. This section contains twenty multiple-choice questions on antonyms. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet (20分)1. DIVERGE(A) relay(B) bypass(C) enclose(D) come together2. LEVY(A) relinquish(B) rescind(C) repatriate(D) revitalize3. ANCHOR(A) unwind(B) disjoin(C) dislodge(D) disrupt4. FATUOUSNESS(A) sensibleness(B) courage(C) aloofness(D) obedience5. GIST(A) artificial manner(B) trivial point(C) eccentric method(D) singular event6. PERSEVERE(A) put into(B) send out(C) give up(D) take away7. AMALGAMA TE(A) separate(B) terminate(C) calibrate(D) correlate8. ANARCHY(A) courtesy(B) hope(C) neutrality(D) order9. HAPLESS(A) excited(B) elated(C) delighted(D) fortunate10. ENDORSE(A) oppose publicly(B) provoke criticism(C) receive payment(D) submit unwillingly11. EXPIRE(A) evolve(B) come to life(C) grow to fruition(D) bring to light12. METAMORPHSIS(A) relief from strain(B) cyclical motion(C) continuation without change(D) dogmatic persistence13. FERMENT(A) solidity(B) purity(C) tranquility(D) transparency14. PLETHORA(A) narrowness(B) dearth(C) choice(D) confusion15. SURCHARGE(A) discount rebate(B) liability(C) decrease(D) shortfall16. PROFUSE(A) rare(B) flawed(c) real(D) scanty17. SUBSTANTIATION(A) dissent(B) delusion(C) disproof(D) denial18. FORESTALL(A) announce(B) precipitate(c) steady(D) prolong19. ESTRANGEMENT(A) reconciliation(B) dissemblance(C) consolation(D) negotiation20. OUTLANDISH(A) prolific(B) noticeable(C) transparent(D) conventionalIII. Read the following passages carefully and complete the tasks. Write your answers an the Answer Sheet (50分)TEXT ASOMETHING ABOUT NAPLES just seems made for comedy. The name alone conjures up pizza, and lovable, incorrigible innocents warbling “O Sole Mio”; a nutty little corner of the world where the id runs wild and the only answer to the question “Why?” appears to be “Why not?”Naples: the butter-side-down of Italian cities, where even the truth has a strangely fictitious tinge. One day a car rear-ended one of the city’s minibuses. The bus driver got out to investigate.While he stood there talking, his only passenger took the wheel and drove off Neither passenger nor bus was ever seen again.Then there was that busy lunch hour in the central post office when a crack in the ceiling opened and postal workers were overwhelmed by an avalanche of stale croissants. As the cleaners hauled away garbage bags of moldy breakfast, the questions remained: Who? Why? And what else could still be up there?But Naples actually isn’t so funny. Italy’s third largest city, with 1.1 million people has a much darker side. where chaos reigns: bag snatching and mugging clogged streets of stupefying confusion, where traffic moves to mysterious laws of its own through multiple intersections whose traffic lights haven’t functioned for months, maybe years-if they have lights at all. Packs of wild dogs roam the city’s main park. Nineteen policemen on the anti-narcotics squad are arrested for accepting payoffs from the Camorra, the local Mafia.To many Italians, particularly those in the wealthy, industrialized north, none of this is surprising. To them Naples means political corruption, wasted federal subsidies, rampant organized crime, appallingly large families, and cunning, lazy people who prefer to do something shady rather than honest work.Nepolitans know their reputation, “People think nothing ever gets done here,” said a young professional woman “Sometimes they say, “Surely you come from Milan. You come from Naples? Naples?”Giovanni del Form, an insurance executive, told me about his flight home from a northern. Italian city, the plane waited on the began to bear the comments around me: ‘Well here we are in Naples,’” he said with a wince. “These comments make me suffer”.Neapolitans may complain, but most can’t conceive of living anywhere else. The city has the intimacy, tension, and craziness of a large but intensely devoted family. The people have the same perverse pride as New Yorkers. They love even the things that don’t work, and they love being Neapolitans. They know outsiders don’t get it. and they don’t care. “Even if you go away” one woman said, “you remain a prisoner of this city. My city has many problems, but away from it I feel bad.”This is a city in which living on the brink of collapse is normal. Naples has survived wars revolutions, floods, earthquakes, and eruptions of nearby Vesuvius. First a wealthy, colony founded by the Greeks (who called it Neapolis, or “new city”), then a flourishing Roman resort, it lived through various incarnations under dynasties of Normans, Swabians, Austrians, Spanish, and French, not to mention a glorious period as the resplendent capital of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.It was a brilliant, cultivated city that once ranked with London and Paris. The Nenziatella, the oldest military school in Italy, still basks in its two centuries of historic glory, the Teatro San Carlo remains one of the greatest opera houses in the world. The treasures of Pompeii grace the National Museum. Stretched Iuxuriantly between mountains and sea along the curving coast of the Bay of Naples, full of ornate palaces, gardens, churches, and works of art, with its mild climate and rich folklore, Naples in the last century was beloved by artists and writers. The most famous response to this magnificence was the comment by an unknown admirer, “See Naples and die.”Today that remark carries less poetic connotations. The bombardments of World War II were followed by the depredations of profiteers and politicians-for-rent who reduced the city to a demoralized shadow of itself, surviving on government handouts, Until five years ago citygovernments were cobbled together by warring political factions; some mayors lasted only a few months. A cholera outbreak in 1973 was followed in 1980 by a major earthquake. Its famous port has Withered (though the U.S. Sixth Fleet command is still based just up the coast), industries have failed, tourists have fled, natives have moved out-it seems that only drug trafficking is booming “Unlivable,” the Neapolitans say.1. The two examples in the second and third paragraphs intend to show that(A) Naples has a high incidence of traffic accidents.(C) people there love to store food for years.(D) everything appears to be on the wrong side.2. The fallowing words are appropriate to describe traffic conditions in Naples EXCEPT(A) disorder.(B) overcrowding.(C) insecurity.(D) inefficiency.3. It can be concluded from the passage that the Northerners(A) are critical of what Naples represents.(B) sympathize with Neopolitans.(C) share many thins with Neopolitans.(D) make every effort to shun Neopolitans.4. The author implies that Neopolitans’ affection for the city(A) was unrealistic.(B) went a bit too far.(C) was extraordinary.(D) gave rise to concern.5. When the author says “Today that remark carries less poetic connotations.” he actually means that(A) the city can now boast very few poets.(B) artists and writers have left for London and Paris.(C) the city underwent heavy bombing during the War.(D) The city’s present problems obscured its glorious past.TEXT BOnce found almost entirely in the western United States and in Asia, dinosaur fossils are now being discovered on all seven continents. A host of new revelations emerged in 1998 that promise to reshape scientists views of dinosaurs, including what they looked like and when and where they lived.It is doubtful that Tyrannosaurus Rex had lips or that Triceratops had cheeks, says Lawrence Wittrier, an assistant professor of anatomy at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. Witmer was a leading researcher for a study on dinosaur anatomy that was presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Vertebrate Paleontology, which concluded on October 3 in Snowbird, Utah.Witmer’s study reached its conclusions by using high-tech computerized axial tomography (CT or CA T) seans along with comparative anatomy studies. For example, the theory that Triceratops and similar dinosaur species had cheeks was based on past comparisons with mammals such as sheep. But Witmer’s careful analysis found the structure of the triceratops jaw and skull made it more likely that Triceratops had a beak like that of an eagle. Witmer said thatscientists should use birds and crocodiles as models when researching the appearance of dinosaurs.In early October scientists announced that they had confirmed the discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur. The dinosaur’s bones, found in New Mexico in 1996, are fencing paleontologists to rethink their, theories about when ceratopsians migrated to what is now North America.Scientists previously thought that ceratopsians, the group that included the well-known Triceratops, arrived in North America from Asia between 70 million and 80 million years ago. During this time, the late Cretaceous Period, the earth’s two supercontinents-Laurasia in the north and Gondwanaland in the south-were in the process of pulling apart, cutting dinosaur populations off from each other and interrupting migratory patterns.The fossilized bones, found by eight-year-old Christopher Wolfe and his father, paleontologist Doug Wolfe of the Mesa Southwest Museum in Arizona, date to about 90 million years ago. This could mean that ceratopstans originated in North America and migrated to Asia rather than the reverse, paleontologists Said. Doug Wolfe named the important new species of dinosaur Zuniceratops christopheri after his son.An expedition from the Universities of Alaska in Anchorage and Fairbanks has discovered a region in remote northern Alaska so rich in fossilized dinosaur tracks that team members dubbed it the “dino expressway”. The trampled area was found during the summer of 1998 on Alaska’s Norah Slope near the Brooks Range.The team found 13 new track sites and made casts from the prints of five different types of dinosaurs. The rock in which the prints were found dates to more than 100 million years ago, or about 25 million years older than the previously discovered signs of dinosaurs in the Arctic region. Paleontologists said that the new findings provide important evidence that dinosaurs migrated between Asia and North America during the early and mid-Cretaceous Period, before Asia split off into its own continent.Two rich fossil sites in the hills of Bolivia have been recently discovered, exciting paleontologists and dinosaur buffs .This discovery includes one of the most spectacular dinosaur trackways ever found.The discovery of a large site in the mountain region of Kila, Kila in southern Bolivia was announced in early October. Here scientists found the tracks of at least two unknown species of dinosaur. These included a large quadruped (four-footed) dinosaur that was probably about 20 m (about 70 ft) long.The other site, located not far from the Bolivian city of Sucre, was uncovered in a cement quarry by workers several years ago but was not brought to paleontologists attention until the middle of 1998. The site features a vertical wall covered with thousands of dinosaur prints representing more than 100 different species. The tracks date back to between 65 million and 70 million years age. Since dinosaurs are believed to have died out around 65 million years ago, the prints were likely made by some of the last dinosaurs on earth.Scientists speculated that the tracks were made at the edge of a lake or swamp and were then hardened and preserved. The rock containing the tracks was then pushed into a vertical position over millions of years of geologic activity. Dinosaur eggs have also been found at the site, which paleontologists are working to preserve before it falls victim to erosion. Paleontologists hope to study the site and learn about the diet and physical characteristics of the dinosaurs that arerepresented there.6. Witmer’s research leads people to believe(A) Tyrannosaurus Rex had lips and Triceratops had cheeks.(B) dinosaurs might have looked like mammals such as sheep.(C) dinosaurs might not have looked like what we thought.(D) dinosaurs must have looked like birds or crocodiles.7. The discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur suggests ceratopsians(A) migrated to North America around 70-80 million years ago.(B) arrived in Asia from North America about 90 million years ago.(C) originated in Asia and later migrated to North America.(D) could have moved to Asia from North America long ago.8. Newly-found fossilized tracks in Alaska proved that dinosaurs’ migration between Asia and North America took place(A) much earlier than experts previously thought.(B) much later than experts previously thought.(C) after Asia became an independent continent.(D) sometime around 25 million years ago.9. The discovery of dinosaur fossil sites in Bolivia is exciting because of the following reasons EXCEPT that(A) they are found in a continent other than Asia and North Continent.(B) the largest dinosaurs in the world are found in this discovery.(C) there are some unknown species of dinosaurs found this time.(D) the dinosaurs were believed to be some of the last ones on earth10. The passage focuses on(A) dinosaur’s geographical location.(B) shifting views of dinosaurs.(C) migration patterns of dinosaurs.(D) geologic activity of Earth.TEXT CIn sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families to try to preserve their superiority by withdrawing from the lower and middle class behind barriers of etiquette. In a prosperous community, on the other hand, polite society soon absorbs the newly rich, and in England there has never been any shortage of books on etiquette for teaching them the manners appropriate to their new way of life.Every code of enquette has contained three elements, basic moral duties practical rules which promote effidiency; and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance.In the first category are considerations for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents’ presence without asking permission.Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean aspossible, before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that after spitting a person should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot.Extremely refined behaviour, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, winch admitted women as the social equals of men After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behaviour in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Provence, in France.Provence had become wealthy. The lords had retamed to their castle from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behaviour of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were inelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name.Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of harming or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest.Answer the following questions briefly. Please write your answers on the Answer sheet.11. One characteristic of the rich classes of a declining society is their tendency____________.12. Cite TWO elements of the code of etiquette.____________________________________________________.13. According to the writer, part of chivalry is that____________________.14. Etiquette as an art of gracious living is quoted as a feature of_______________________.15. What does the writer use “Yet” in the last paragraph? ___________________.TEXTDFred Cooke of Salford turned 90 two days ago and the world has been beating a path to his door. If you haven’t noticed, the backstreet boy educated at Blackpool grammar styles himself more grandly as Alastair Cooke, broadcaster extraordinaire. An honorable KBE, he would be Sir Alastair if he had not taken American citizenship more than half a century ago.If it sounds snobbish to draw attention to his humble origins, it should be reflected that the real snob is Cooke himself, who has spent a lifetime disguising them. But the fact that he opted to renounce his British passport in 1941-just when his country needed all the wartime help it could get-is hardly a matter for congratulation.Cooke has made a fortune out of his love affair with America. entrancing listeners with a weekly monologue that has won Radio 4 many devoted adherents. Part of the pull is the developed drawl. This is the man who gave the world “mid-Atlantic’, the language of the disc jockey and public relations man.He sounds American to us and English to them, while in reality he has for decades belongedto neither. Cooke’s world is an America that exists largely in the imagination. He took ages to acknowledge the disaster that was Vietnam and even longer to wake up to Watergate. His politics have drifted to the right with age, and most of his opinions have been acquired on the golf course with fellow celebrities.He chased after stars on arrival in America, fixing up an interview with Charlie Chaplin and briefly becoming his friend. He told Cooke he could turn him into a fine light comedian; instead he is an impressionist’s dream.Cooke liked the sound of his first wife’s name almost as much as he admired her good looks. But he found bringing up baby difficult and left her for the wife of his landlord.Women listeners were unimpressed when, in 1996, be declared on air that the fact that 4% of women in the American armed forces ware roped showed remarkable self-restraint on the part of Uncle Sam’s soldiers. His arrogance in not allowing BBC editors to see his script in advance worked, not for the first time, to his detriment. His defenders said he could not help living with the 1930s values he had acquired and somewhat dubiously went on to cite “gallantry” as chief among them. Cooke’s raconteur style encouraged a whole generation of BBC men to think of themselves as more important than the story. His treacly tones were the model for the regular World Service reports. From Our Own Correspondent known as FOOCs in the business. They may yet be his epitaph.Answer the following questions briefly. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.16. Which fact about Cooke is the writer most critical of?17. How would you describe Cooke?18. What does the writer mean by saying that ‘...most of his opinions have been acquired on the golf course with fellow celebrities’ at the end of the fourth paragraph?19. What does the word unimpressed suggest in the last paragraph?20. In what kind of tone does the writer comment on Cooke’s life and career in the passage?IV. This section contains two tasks. Complete the tasks according to the instructions. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.TASK ONE (20 分)Supply a missing paragraph to the following passage. Your paragraph should be consistent with the tone, style and rhetorical organization of the given passage. The paragraph should be within 80 words in length. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.An acceptable essay must be unified. It must make one clearly identifiable point. The best way to ensure unity is to write a strong thesis sentence, and then to make sure that everything else you write in the essay somehow develops that thesis sentence.In addition to being unified, an acceptable essay must be cohesive. Its parts must stick together. Cohesion is obviously closely related to unity Unless the essay sticks together there will be-or will appear to be-no unity. Cohesion, however, is really a matter of connectives, of the glue or the strings that hold together the different parts of an essay. We sometimes use the word transitions to refer to the connective devices by which writers announce that they are finished with one part of an argument and going on to the next part We sometimes use the word sign posts to refer to the quite explicit information that writers give to their readers about where they are in the development of their support for their thesis. Whatever the terminology we use to explain conesion, your will appreciate your telling them, quite directly, where you are and where you are going.Finally, an acceptable essay must be organized. Some principles of arrangement must be made evident to your readers. If your readers are to know where they are at any given point in your argument, they must be given a clear notion of how you are structuring your essay. The structure of your essay, the organizational principle of it, can be shown by means of an outline, or skeleton sketch.TASK TWO (30分)“A man is known by the company he keeps.” First state what this means and then explain how far you think this statement is justified. You should provide convincing evidence to support your argument.Your response should be within 500 words. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.参考答案1.Fill in each of the blanks below with a word provided in the brackets. The wordsyou put in must be grammatically and semantically appropriate. You can onlyuse the words in the brackets ONCE. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1 differently2 best3 well4 those5 potential6 norm7 breaks8 feel9 deliberately 10 patterns11 browsing 12 tiredness 13 health 14 anticipated 15 absoluteII. This section contains twenty multiple-choice questions on antonyms. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet1-5 C A B A B6-10 C A D D A11-15 B C C D C16-20 D C B C DIII. Read the following passages carefully and complete the tasks. Write your answers an the Answer Sheet1-5 B B A C D6-10 C D A C AText C11 To preserve extremely refined etiquette12 basic normal duties such as respect for age; practical rules such as making proper introduction at a party13 A knight held platonic love to a lady and woman should be of virtue and gentleness14 wealthy and leisured society15 although common people didn’t have a complicated code of manner, the essence of politeness of common people doesn’t vary much from that of high society’s.Text D16 His character, or his moral quality, is the writer most critical of17 A scoundrel who did very well as a radio broadcaster18 Few of his political opinions were original, and most of them were copied from fellow celebrities19 From this word we can guess that women listeners didn’t like him20 In a sarcastic tone the author makes commentIV. This section contains two tasks. Complete the tasks according to the instructions. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.TASK ONESo, from above we know three elements of an acceptable essay. Unity, cohesion and organization are what writers should try to achieve in the process of writing. With practice, you may compose good essays and have dedicated readers.TASK TWOA man is known by the company he keepsThis sentence is first come from Aesop’s Fables with the meaning that a person is believed to be like the people with whom he or she spends time.And I personally can’t agree more with this epigram. In China there is also a sentence with the same meaning: one who nears vermilion becomes red and one who nears ink becomes black. Thousand of years ago our ancestors had found out this truth, and we descendents have no reason to disbelieve it. And I have more than enough evidence to prove the correctness of this sentence.In animal world, if a duckling happened to be raised by a hen, it would deem itself as a member of chicken family. And its behavior would be to a large extent like that of chicks.While in human society, the situation varies little. A man would definitely be influenced by people with whom he spends most time. For example, a new graduate who goes to his new job and hangs around with workers for several months would speak in the way that belongs to workers. Why? Because workers are everywhere. Their way of living constitute a new environment for that graduate. Under the influence of workers, he has to change. Otherwise, he would feel isolated.Good environment exerts good influences on people; bad environment exerts worse ones. Ask any criminal taken prisoner for theft and you would in surprise find out almost all of them were abetted to steal. As we know, no one was born a criminal. From this point we know how huge the influence of company is.。
四川外国语学院2008年真题(翻译与写作)
Sichuan International Studies University2008 Postgraduate Admission Examination Paper forTranslation and Writing翻译与写作答题要求:所有答案必须写在答题纸上，否则不给分。
全卷150分，3小时完成。
I. Translate the underlined parts into Chinese: (50 points)I had a farm in Africa, at the foot of the Ngong Hills(恩贡山区). The Equator runs across these highlands, a hundred miles to the North, and the farm lay at an altitude of over six thousand feet.In the day-time you felt that you had got high up, near to the sun, but the early mornings and evenings were limpid and restful, and the nights were cold.The geographical position, and the height of the land combined to create a landscape that had not its like in all the world. There was no fat on it and no luxuriance anywhere; it was Africa distilled up through six thousand feet, like the strong and refined essence of a continent.The colours were dry and burnt, like the colours in pottery,- ,The trees had a light delicate鱼liage, the structure of which was different from that of the trees in Europe; it did not grow inbows or cupolas, but in horizontal layers, and the formation gave to the tall solitary trees alikeness to the palms, or a heroic and romantic air like fullrigged ships with their sails clewedup, and to the edge of a wood a strange appearance as if the whole wood were faintly vibrating.Upon the grass of the great plains the crooked bare old thorn-trees were scattered, and the grasswas spiced like thyme and bog-myrtle; in some places the scent was so strong, that it smartedin the nostrils. All the flowers that you found on the plains, or upon the creepers and liana inthe native forest, were diminutive like flowers of the downs,}nly just in the beginning ofthe long rains a number of big, massive heavy-scented lilies sprang out on the plains. Theviews were immensely wide. Everything that you saw made for greatness and freedom, andunequalled nobility.The chief feature of the landscape, and of your life in it, was the air. Looking back on asojourn in the African highlands, you are struck by your feeling of having lived for a time up in鱼 e air. The sky was rarely more than pale blue or violet, with aprofusion of和ghty,, weightless,ever-chancing clouds towering up and sailing on it, but it has a blue vigour in it, and at a shortdistance it painted the ranges of hills and the woods a fresh deep blue. In the middle of the daythe air was alive over the land, like a flame burning; it scintillated, waved and shone likerunning water, mirrored and_ doubled all objects, and created great Fata Morgana. Up in this丛曲air you breathed easily, drawing in a vital assurance and lightness of heart. In the丛ghlands you woke up in the morning and thought: Here I am, where I ought to be.The丛ountain of Ngong Stretches in a long ridge from North to South, and is crownedwith four noble peaks like immovable darker blue waves against the sky. It rises eight, thousand共2页第1页feet above the Sea, a}过to the East two thousand feet above the surrounding country; but to theWest the drop is deeper and more precipitous,the hills fall vertically down towards theGreat Rift V alley(大裂谷)·The wind in the highlands blows steadily from the North-North-east. It is the samewind that, down at the coasts of Africa and Arabia, they name the Monsoon, the East Wind,which was King Solomon's favourite horse. Up here it is felt as just the resistance-,of.the air, as鱼旦卫arth throws herself. forward into space. The wind runs straight ag inst鱼e NQon到lls,and the slops of the hills would be the ideal place for setting up a glider, that would be liftedupwards by the currents, over鱼e mountain top. The clouds, which were traveling with thewind, struck the side of the~ hill and hung round it, or were caught on, the summit qnd broke intorain. But those that took a higher course and sailed clear of the reef, dissolved to the West of it,over the burning desert of the Rift V alley. Many times I have from my house wondered to seetheir proud floating masses, as soon as they had got over the hills, vanish in the blue air and begone.1l. Translate the following passage into English: (50 points)站在尘土漫漫的路边，自己已没了勇气继续那剩下的一半旅程。
《写作与翻译》2008年考研真题
广东外语外贸大学2008年硕士研究生入学考试英语写作与翻译样题Part One Writing(100)Task 1:Summary Writing(100)Directions:Read carefully the following passage and summarize its contents in 100-120 words. Note that you must not copy complete sentences from the original .Failure to do so would incur deduction of your scores.PassageIn my younger and more vulnerable years my father gave me some advice that I’ve been turning over in my mind ever since.“Whenever you fell like criticizing any one,” he told me, “just remember that all the people in this world haven’t had the advantages that you’ve had.”He didn’t say any more, but we’ve always been usually communicative in a reserved way, and I understood he meant a great deal more than that. In consequence, I’m inclined to reserve all judgments, a habit that has opened up many curious natures to me and also make me the victim of not a few veteran bores. The abnormal mind is quick to detect and attach itself to this quality when it appears in a normal person, and so it came about that in college I was unjustly accused of being a politician, because I was privy to the secret grief of wild, unknown men. Most of the confidences were unsought-----frequently I have feigned sleep, preoccupation, or a hostile levity when I realized by some unmistakable sign that an intimate revelation was quivering on the horizon; for the intimate revelations of young men, or at least the terms in which they express them, are usually plagiaristic and marred by obvious suppressions. Reserving judgments is a matter of infinite hope. I am still a little afraid of missing something if I forget that, as my father snobbishly suggested, and I snobbishly repeat, a sense of the fundamental decencies is parceled out unequally at birth.And, after boasting this way of my tolerance, I come to the admission that it has alimit. Conduct may be founded on the hard rock or the wet marshes, but after a certain point I don’t care what it’s founded on. When I came back from the East last autumn I felt that I wanted the world to be in uniform and at a sort of moral attention forever; I wanted no more riotous excursions with privileged glimpses into the human heart. Only Gatsby was exempt from my reaction-----Gatsby, who represented everything for which I have an unaffected scorn. If personality is an unbroken series of successful gestures, then there was something gorgeous about him, some heightened sensitivity to the promises of life, as if he were related to one of those intricate machines that register earthquakes ten thousand miles away. This responsiveness had nothing to do with that flabby impressionability which is dignified under the names of the “creative temperament”-----it was an extraordinary gift for hope, a romantic readiness such as I have never found in many other person and which it is not likely if shall ever find again. No-----Gatsby turned out all right at the end; it is what preyed on Gatsby, what foul dust floated in the wake of his dreams that temporarily closed out my interest in the abortive sorrows and short-winded elations of men.Part Two Translation(50)1.Translate the following passage into Chinese (25)Etiquette to society is what apparel is to the individual. Without apparel men would go in shameful nudity which would surely lead to the corruption of morals; and without etiquette society would be in a pitiable state and the necessary intercourse between its members would be interfered with by needless offences and troubles. If society were a train, the etiquette would be the rails along which only the train could rumble forth; if society were a state coach, the etiquette would be the wheels and axis on which only the coach could roll forward. The lack of proprieties would make the most intimate friends turn to be the most decided enemies and the friendly or allied countries declare war against each other. We can find many examples in the history of mankind. Therefore I advise you to stand on ceremony before anyone else and to take pains not to do anything against etiquette lest you give offences or make enemies.2 .Translate the following passage into English (25)在银幕上,她是一名观众熟悉的演员; 在文坛上,她又是一位享有盛誉的作家.演员---作家,这两种不同的身份,在她的身上融合得这样恰切,仿佛天生本就应该是这样.许多人想了解这其中有什么奥秘:有人说,多年的演员生活赋予她发达的形象思维;有人说,演员的多愁善感，使她富于感情细胞…因而，她的作品具有特殊的魅力。
2008广东省英语高考题目及答案
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)英语本试卷共12页,四大题,满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
I 听力(共两节。
满分35分)第一节听力理解(5段共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)每段播放两遍。
各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。
请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听第一段对话，回答第1～3题。
1. What is Jack worried about when he starts college?A. His former classmates will graduate this year.B. His time off will put him at a disadvantage.C. He will have to practice a lot.2. After how many years did Susan return to college?A. Three years.B. Two years.C. One year.3. What advice does Susan give Jack about his study?A. Don't expect to catch on quickly.B. Don't take the English major.C. Don't take too many courses.听第二段对话，回答第4～6题。
4. What does the man think of Chinatown in San Francisco 7A. It‟s larger than his own town.B. It‟s like any other town.C. It‟s the best in the U.S..5. Why does the Chinese New Year change every year?A. It‟s based on the different calendars.B. It‟s in the extra month.C. It‟s set as a holiday.6. In what year was the man born?A. Year of the Rooster.B. Year of the Pig.C. Year of the Ox.听第三段独白，回答第7～9题。
日语写作与翻译
2009年广东外语外贸大学硕士研究生入学考试初试笔试样题初试科目代码：806科目名称：日语写作与翻译（广东外语外贸大学2008年全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课试题册）专业：日语语言文学考试科目：日语写作与翻译考生须知1．本试卷共 2 页。
2．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题册上无效。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。
4．考试时间为 3 小时，成绩满分 150 分。
一．次の文を日本語に訳しなさい。
（40点）外国人学习汉语，有时感到困惑的是，某些句子和汉语一般的语法规则不相符合，但中国人却常常使用，不以为错。
例如说：“我吃食堂，不自己做饭”，这句话对外国人来说就有点费解，“吃食堂”是动宾结构，“食堂”成了“吃”的对象，可食堂是个建筑物，人怎么能吃。
问问说这话的人是怎么回事，回答说：“吃食堂”并不是要吃掉食堂，而是在食堂吃饭的意思。
既然意思不是要吃掉食堂，而为什么又使用动宾结构的句子呢？语法研究者说，这是汉语表达重视传达意思而不拘泥语法形式所造成的语言现象，并说这是汉语表达的“意合”特点。
汉语中诸如此类的表达还有很多。
例如：“他请了两个星期的假，在家养病。
”这句话中的“养病”并不是像“养猫”、“养狗”一样，把病养起来的意思，而是休养、治病的意思。
又如，“公园的草地上有两个老人在嗮太阳。
”这句话中的“嗮太阳”并不是像“嗮被子”、“嗮褥子”一样，把太阳也嗮一嗮，而是两个老人让太阳嗮嗮的意思。
再如，“仓库着火了，大家快去救火。
”这句话中的“救火”并不是像“救命”、“救人”一样，把火救出来，而是从火中把人和财物救出来的意思。
这些话在意义上并不是动宾关系，但却用了动宾结构的句子，实际意思与它们所使用的语法形式有矛盾，但因为能充分传达意思，在说汉语的中国人中不会引起误解，也就约定俗成，为人们所习用了。
二．次の文を中国語に訳しなさい。
（40点）欧米で社会の基本は個人主義であるが、日本では「間人主義」であるという人もいる。
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2009年广东外语外贸大学硕士研究生入学考试
初试笔试样题
初试科目代码：806
科目名称：日语写作与翻译
（广东外语外贸大学
2008年全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课试题册）
专业：日语语言文学
考试科目：日语写作与翻译
考生须知
1．本试卷共 2 页。
2．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题册上无效。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。
4．考试时间为 3 小时，成绩满分 150 分。
（40点）
外国人学习汉语，有时感到困惑的是，某些句子和汉语一般的语法规则不相符合，但中国人却常常使用，不以为错。
例如说：“我吃食堂，不自己做饭”，这句话对外国人来说就有点费解，“吃食堂”是动宾结构，“食堂”成了“吃”的对象，可食堂是个建筑物，人怎么能吃。
问问说这话的人是怎么回事，回答说：“吃食堂”并不是要吃掉食堂，而是在食堂吃饭的意思。
既然意思不是要吃掉食堂，而为什么又使用动宾结构的句子呢？语法研究者说，这是汉语表达重视传达意思而不拘泥语法形式所造成的语言现象，并说这是汉语表达的“意合”特点。
汉语中诸如此类的表达还有很多。
例如：“他请了两个星期的假，在家养病。
”这句话中的“养病”并不是像“养猫”、“养狗”一样，把病养起来的意思，而是休养、治病的意思。
又如，“公园的草地上有两个老人在嗮太阳。
”这句话中的“嗮太阳”并不是像“嗮被子”、“嗮褥子”一样，把太阳也嗮一嗮，而是两个老人让太阳嗮嗮的意思。
再如，“仓库着火了，大家快去救火。
”这句话中的“救火”并不是像“救命”、“救人”一样，把火救出来，而是从火中把人和财物救出来的意思。
这些话在意义上并不是动宾关系，但却用了动宾结构的句子，实际意思与它们所使用的语法形式有矛盾，但因为能充分传达意思，在说汉语的中国人中不会引起误解，也就约定俗成，为人们所习用了。
二．次の文を中国語に訳しなさい。
（40点）
欧米で社会の基本は個人主義であるが、日本では「間人主義」であるという人もいる。
独立した人格である個人が作る社会ではなく、常に社会の中で生活する一人
として、人と人との間にいることを基本に置いた社会であると言うのである。
ある人に意見を聞いても、「みんなはどう言っていますか」と聞き返されることもよくあることだ。
ホンネとタテマエという言葉も日本人の間ではよく使われる。
ホンネというのは本音、つまり本当の声であり、タテマエは建前で、表向きの方針である。
また、ホンネを個人の論理、タテマエを集団の論理としてとらえることもある。
日本人は表向きの方針や集団の論理であるタテマエを優先するが、その奥に本当の声、個人の論理であるホンネが潜んでいることはよくある。
こうした、つねに他人や社会を気にしながら生きる日本人の生活の中には、yesでもnoでもない。
中間的であいまいな言葉が大変多い。
「そのうちに」「いずれまた」「考えて見ます」「検討してみます」などはいずれもyesでもnoでもない。
ある時には上司や関係者の了承をあらかじめ得ておく「根回し」のための仮のyesであったり、ある時にははっきり断ると、相手を傷つけるのではないかとの配慮による婉曲なnoであったりする。
ただ、近年では国際的な商習慣を身に付けたビジネスマンも増えたので、yes、 noをはっきりさせる方向には向かいつつある。
三．「科学と人間性」をテーマに、１,２００字程度の日本語の論説文を書きなさい。
（70点）。