2019届高三英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists练习新人教版必修
2019届高三英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists练习新人教版必修Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·衡阳高三一模)There has been a controversy between animal rights supporters and scientists about whether it is right to use animals to find cures for human diseases in experimental research. Personally, if there are no other alternatives, and if it is possible that this will contribute to science, animals may be used for experimental research.The animal rights supporters label scientists as “cruel” for causing animals to die in medical experiments, while they do not oppose the people, mostly farmers, who kill animals for food. Some even claim that people and animals are equal and they should be treated equally. But can the death of an animal be the same thing as the death of a person? I think causing animals to die for science or for saving human lives may be considered ethical (伦理的), if it will contribute to the advancement of science and human health in general.Another basic argument of animal rights supporters is that people and animals are different genetically. They claim that it will make no good to use animals in experiments because they are too different to be compared to people. Some of them even state that it is better to use people directly as they think that the results of experiments on animals cannot be valid and reliable as long as the same observation has not been done on man. However, these people cannot foresee the disastrous results of such a practice. Many people are likely to die until a healthy result is obtained. People and animals may not be the same, but to some degree, scientists are right to use animal models to do some experiments that could not be achieved in human. There are also a lot of examples which show that using animals resulted in significant developments and helped to cure some serious illnesses.All in all, using animals for medical research is ethical as long as it contributes to scientific development and human health. And this practice is only acceptable on the condition that animals are treated humanely.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了动物权利支持者和科学家之间关于用动物进行医学试验研究以寻找治疗人类疾病的方法是否正确的争议。
作者认为动物可以被用于医学研究并针对此论点进行了分析论证。
1．Animal rights supporters hold the opinion that ________.A．farmers have the legal rights to kill animalsB．causi ng animals to die for science is acceptableC．scientists are to blame for killing animals for researchD．animals and people are not different genetically解析：选C 细节理解题。
根据第二段第一句可知，动物权利支持者认为科学家应对科学研究致使动物死亡负责。
故选C。
2．We can infer that the author ________.A．seems to be an animal rights supporterB．does experimental research on animalsC．is concerned about the future of animalsD．agrees that animals can be used in medical research解析：选D 推理判断题。
根据第一段最后一句及最后一段内容可推知，作者同意用动物进行医学研究。
故选D。
3．According to the text, it is a fact that ________.A．it is always illegal to use animals for experimental researchB．using animals for medical experiments contributes to curing some serious illnesses C．using people models is against the law and regarded as cruelD．it makes no difference whether to use animals or people for experimental research 解析：选B 细节理解题。
根据第三段最后一句可知，B项所述是事实。
故选B。
BPeople have been wondering wh y elephants do not develop cancer even though they have lifespans (寿命) that are similar to humans, living for around 50 to 70 years.Now scientists believe they know why. A team at the University of Chicago, US has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors (肿瘤) developing. To be precise, they found 20 copies of an antitumor gene called TP53 in elephants. Most other species, including humans, only carry one copy.According to the research, the extra copies of the gene improved the animal's sensitivity to DNA damage, which lets the cells quickly kill themselves when damaged before they can go on to form deadly tumors.“An increased risk of developing cancer has sto od in the way of the evolution of large body sizes in many animals，” the study author Dr Vincent Lynch told The Guardian. If every living cell has the same chance of becoming cancerous (癌变的), large creatures with a long lifespan like whales and elephants should have a greater risk of developing cancer than humans and mice. But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass.This_phenomenon was found by Oxford University scientist Richard Peto in the 1970s and later named “Peto's paradox (悖论)”. Biologists believe it results from larger animals using protection that many smaller animals do not. In the elephant's case, the making ofTP53 is nature's way of keeping this species alive.The study also found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer resistance as elephants. This means researchers could use the discovery to develop new treatments that can help stop cancer spreading or even developing in the first place.“Nature has already figured o ut how to prevent cancer，” said Joshua Schiffman, a biologist at the School of Medicine, University of Utah, US. “It's up to us to learn how different animals deal with the problem so that we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people.”语篇解读：科学家研究发现，大象不患癌症是因为它们的体内有很多阻止肿瘤生长的基因TP53，人类有望通过研究TP53来预防癌症。
2019版高考英语一轮基础练习Unit1GreatScientists(含解析)新人教版必修5
Great Scientists李仕才一、阅读理解。
Discovering the beauty of the science and math that shape our everyday lives，an experience in WonderLab will fuel your imagination and inspire you to see the world around you in new and exciting e and enjoy yourself!What to seeSpread across seven different zones ， there're loads of opportunities to get hands on with real scientific phenomena.Observe live experiments at our Chemistry Bar，see lightning strike before your eyes，play with forces on giant slides or travelthrough space under a canopy( 苍穹 )of stars.You can also take part in explosive science demonstrations led by our talented team of explainers.With 50 mind-blowing wondersof science to enjoy ， WonderLab is an experience unlike any other.Besides，a selectionof shows will be performed daily in WonderLab's beautiful new show space.They are freeof charge and last 20 minutes.●D ay pass：￡ 6 per person.This ticket gives you day-long access to WonderLab，perfect whether you're planning a specialtrip to the Museum or simply passing through London and want to feed your curiosity.●Annual pass ：￡ 10 per person.For less than the price of two visits，give yourself a year packed full of wonder ，curiosity and breathtaking experiences.Opening timesOpen seven days a week,10 ：00－ 18：00(last entry 17： 15) ．WonderLab will be closed on December 24,25 and 26 and will be open as usual from December 27.During school holidays our opening hours are 10：00－19：00(last entry 18：15)． Please note that in peak periods(from midday onwards)we are experiencinglong queues due to the gallery's popularity.1． What can you do in WonderLab?A． Explore stars.B． Produce lighting.C． Join in explosion shows.D． Do chemistry experiments.2． How much should two visitors pay if they visit WonderLab and enjoy the showsfor one day?A．￡ 12. B ．￡ 20.C．￡ 32. D ．￡ 40.3． When can you enter WonderLab?A． 9：30 on December 23.B． 18：30 on school holidays.C． 11：00 on Christmas.D． 10：30 on December 28.4． What is the purpose of the text?A． To introduce WonderLab.B． To attract people to WonderLab.C． To explain how WonderLab works.D． To analyze why WonderLab is attractive.体裁：应用文题材：新闻广告主题：科技展【解题导语】文章介绍了WonderLab 的活动、票价实时间安排等信息，吸引大家前往观光游乐。
2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists基础达标练新人教版必修5
Unit 1 Great scientists**阅读理解。
You use her as a shoulder to cry on. She texts you back with casual jokes. But she, Xiaoice, is only a virtual chatbot（虚拟聊天机器人）.Xiaoice, Microsoft’s latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014, and returned to WeChat in 2015, where she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily, The New York Times reported. On WeChat, Xiaoice is an official account. After following it, users can start text-based conversations with Xiaoice.＂Her incredible learning ability was why people loved to talk with Xiaoice,＂ Liu Jinchang, a researcher at High-tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science and Technology, told China Daily. Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis（表情符号） in conversations, Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting with users, China Daily reported.Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the US. Driven by top tech companies, they are becoming sma rter and more common. For instance, IBM’s latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant at Australia’s Deakin University, answering students’ questions about course schedules and financial aid. Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users.These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms, The New York Times pointed out. However, it may take decades before scientists develop a ＂Samantha＂, the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film Her. In the film, Samantha has a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix. Many viewers were enthusiastic about this fantasy of virtual soul mates.1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?A. She became a best seller.B. She became very powerful.C. She became a money maker.D. She became very popular.2.Which of the following can Xiaoice do?A. Do housework.B. Spread messages.C. Identify various photos.D. Read news to its users.3.Which company’s chatbot program can act as an academic consultant?A. Microsoft.B. IBM.C. Apple.D. Amazon.4.What can be learned from the last paragraph?A. Chatbots will be applied to cars soon.B. Chatbots mainly run on smartphones now.C. Samantha is played by a US actor in the film.D. The film Her doesn’t interest many audience.【文章大意】本文讲述的是人工智能程序的发展情况。
2019版高考英语一轮复习第一编教材回眸Unit1Greatscientists基础达标新人教版必修
Unit 1 Great scientistsⅠ.单句语法填空1．Only when he arrived ________the meeting begin.答案：did “only＋状语(从句)”位于句首，句子要部分倒装。
由时间状语从句when he arrived可知，应用一般过去时，故填did。
2．Neither I nor John ________(be) tired of the speech. It is interesting.答案：is neither ... nor ... 连接两个并列主语，谓语动词的数遵循“就近一致”原则，故填is。
3．________(absorb) in writing a letter, he didn't even look up when I came in.答案：Absorbed be absorbed in ...“全神贯注于……”，此处为分词作状语，故填Absorbed。
4．That you ________(expose) to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.答案：are exposed be exposed to ...“暴露于……；接触……”。
5．There is no sense in ________(worry) about the future.答案：worrying There is no sense in (doing) sth. “(做)某事是没有意义的”。
6．While ________(attend) to the central task, we should unfold the work in other fields.答案：attending attend to “处理；照料”，从句的主语和主句主语一致，且谓语部分含有be动词的相应形式时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，补充完整为：While we are attending to ...，故填attending。
(全国卷)2019届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Great scientists课时作业 新人教版必修5
Unit 1 Great scientistsⅠ.阅读理解AMy dearest son and daughter，The story of New Jersey high school student Rachel Canning suing her parents for child support and high school education inspired me to write you a little letter.Let me just put this out there：the only way I expect to see you in a court is as a lawyer or a judge.There are two things about this case that seem to be disaster.First，it's natural for parents and children to argue.I can guarantee that we will disagree.One or both of you will，at some point，scream at the top of your voice the various ways you hate me.And I won't always like you，either.But I will always love you and do everything I can to keep your best interests as my focus，even when I'm so angry.We are family.That means we are as much a part of one another as the flesh，blood and bones in our body.And we all should think about it very deeply instead of breaking that bond.Second，to be honest，no matter how far apart we are on your life choices，your father and I will most certainly pay everything we can for your higher education.But that doesn't mean you deserve it.To be clear，that is a privilege we happily extend(给予) to you—not a right you are born with.And you will have to work hard to earn that privilege.Growing up is hard work.If I do my job properly as your mother—and you do yours as my children—you would sooner get a job or two，and find a way to make your dreams come true rather than go to trial over what you think you are entitled to.Love always，Mom[语篇解读] 本文为一篇应用文。
2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题 Unit 1 Great Scientists(含解析)新人教版必
Unit 1 Great Scientists李仕才一、阅读理解。
Life satisfaction is the way persons evaluate their lives and how they feel about their directions and options for the future. It's a measure of well-being and may be evaluated in terms of mood, satisfaction with relations with others and with achieved goals and self-concepts to cope with daily life. It's having a favorable attitude towards one's life as a whole rather than just an evaluation of current feelings. Life satisfaction has been measured in relation to economy, education, experiences, and residence, as well as many other topics.Life satisfaction can reflect experiences that have influenced a person in, a positive way. These experiences have the ability to motivate people to pursue and reach their goals. As a matter of fact, in these experiences there are two kinds of emotions that may positively influence how people understand their life. Hope and optimism both consist of emotional processes that are usually directed towards the reaching of goals. People who have higher life satisfaction are always full of hope for a better future; additionally, optimism is linked to higher life satisfaction, while pessimism is related to symptoms in depression.The psychologist, Yuval Palgi, studied the old-old-people who were primarily in their nineties. This subject group was found to have thought highly of their past and present, but they thought lower of their future. A large factor that was talked about in life satisfaction was intelligence. The experiments talk of how life satisfaction grows as people become older because they become wiser and more knowledgeable, so they begin to see that life will be better as they grow older and understand the important things in life more. But when they step into their nineties, future becomes a luxury to them.According to Seligman, the happier people are, the less they are focused on the negative. Happier people also have a greater tendency to like other people, which promotes a happier environment, which then correlates to a higher level of the persons' satisfaction with their life.1.What can we learn about life satisfaction from Paragraph 1?A. It can be easily measured through income and education.B. It includes a positive attitude towards people's entire life.C. It merely determines people's attitude towards the future.D. It has nothing to do with the evaluation of current feelings.2.What emotions have a positive effect on life satisfaction?A. Motivation and dream.B. Hope and depression.C. Optimism and pessimism.D. Hope and optimism.3.What was the attitude of most old-old towards their future?A. They were less hopeful about it.B. They thought highly of it.C. They felt satisfied with it.D. They were scared of it.4.What may be the best title for the text?A. Old People Have Much More Life SatisfactionB. Life Satisfaction—the Key to a Happier LifeC. Optimism Ensures Life SatisfactionD. Emotions Affect Life Satisfaction【文章大意】本文为议论文。
2019年高考英语一轮巩固达标练题 Unit 1 Great Scientists(含解析)新人教版
Great Scientists李仕才一、阅读理解。
Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people don't even notice that they're doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason for this is that the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart and that crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You won't feel any immediate effects, but repeated, drawn-out increases in blood pressure can cause long-term health issues. So, planning to sit for a long period of time? Don't keep your legs crossed.Crossing your legs at the knee can also cause pressure on the major nerve in your leg that passes just below your knee and along the outside of your leg, explains Richard Graves, a medical expert. This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis (麻痹) of some of the muscles in your foot and leg, preventing you from being able to raise your ankle—what we know as that “pins and needles” sensation. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.1.What can we learn about crossing one's legs?A. It is a very bad social habit.B. It is usually practiced deliberately.C. It can make others feel uncomfortable.D. It can do harm to people's health.2.According to the study, sitting with your legs crossed can______.A. resist gravity effectivelyB. affect your blood pressureC. lead to heart attacks easilyD. improve the function of legs3.In the third paragraph "pins and needles" probably means______.A. serious muscle injuriesB. being a little nervousC. slight sharp painsD. being highly flexible4.What is the main purpose of the text?A. To give readers some advice.B. To compare common habits.C. To evaluate effects of an experiment.D. To introduce research methods.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究发现跷二郎腿对身体有害，大家要改掉跷二郎腿的坏习惯。
2019-2020年高三英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Great Scientists练习 新人教版必
2019-2020年高三英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Great Scientists练习新人教版必修5Ⅰ.语法单句填空1．(xx·四川改编)—I hope to take the puter course.—Good idea.________(find) out more about it, visit this website.答案：To find本题考查非谓语动词。
句意：——我希望能上电脑课。
——好主意。
要想了解更多，浏览这个网站。
动词不定式放于句首，作目的状语，符合语境。
2．________73-year-old woman, who died of respiratory failure on Dec. 6, was confirmed to have been carrying ________H10N8 virus.答案：A; the考查冠词。
句意：12月6日，一位73岁的妇女死于呼吸衰竭，她被确诊携带H10N8病毒。
第一空填不定冠词表泛指；第二空填定冠词表特指。
3．Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when ________(expose) to sunlight.答案：exposed考查非谓语动词。
句意：处理该化学物质时一定要小心，因为暴露在阳光下，它会爆炸。
when后省略了句子的主语it(this chemical)和动词be的形式is，所以选D项。
4．Some school teachers plained, “Many kids haven't got any hobbies—________ you call playing puter games a hobby.”答案：unless考查连词。
句意：一些老师抱怨说“许多孩子没有任何爱好，除非你把打电脑游戏叫做一项爱好”。
2019届高三英语一轮复习基础必备Unit1Greatscientists课时作业新人教版必修5
Unit 1 Great scientists[ 基础回顾 ]Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ( 导学号 02516253)1． Always read the instructions(instruct)on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.2． In conclusion(conclude), I would like to say how much I have enjoyedmyself today.3．Mark is a cautious(caution)shopper who always does some careful research on the market before he buys something valuable.4． When he came back three hours later，they were still sitting on the sofa，absorbed(absorb) in conversation.5． It is so challenging(challenge) a job that I can't finish it on my own.6．Children，when exposed(expose) to an English-speaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily.7． He made an apology to me for his not attending(attend) the concert on time.8． It may not be a great suggestion.But before a better one is put forward，we'll make do with it.9． Whenever he didn't perform well in his studies, he would blame hisfailure on carelessness.10． Although her relatives didn't think she could live for three months，the old doctor finally cured her of her disease.Ⅱ.单句改错 ( 每句一错 )( 导学号 02516254)1． It makes a sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.去掉 a2． Neither the teacher nor the students is content with the result.is →are 3． He was struck by the beauty for the first time he visited Guilin.去掉for4． Although defeating in the match, we didn't lose heart.defeating →defeated 5． When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completelyabsorbing in the newspaper.absorbing →absorbedⅢ. 佳句写作 ( 导学号 02516255)1．在读了Lucy 的信后，我得出结论：她是诚实的。
2019年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Great scientists高考题(含解析)新人教版必修5
2019年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Great scientists高考题（含解析）新人教版必修5高考试题一(2016·浙江卷阅读理解C篇)A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing…right? Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that this ＂play＂ is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground —and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact (相互作用): bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natura l world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or shehas, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate. Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world —is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution (进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it,＂ It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.＂50. According to some developmental psychologists, .A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a gameB. scientific research into babies’ games is possibleC. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigatedD. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment51. We learn from Paragraph 2 that .A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differentlyB. scientists and babies often interact with each otherC. babies are born with the knowledge of object supportD. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do52. Children may learn the rules of language by .A. exploring the physical worldB. investigating human psychologyC. repeating their own experimentsD. observing their parents’ behaviors53. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. The world may be more clearly e xplained through children’s play.B. Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D. One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.54. What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’research and babies’ play?A. Convincing.B. Confused.C. Confident.D. Cautious.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。
2019高考英语一轮选练编题Unit1GreatScientists(含解
Unit 1李仕才考点规范练(必修5Unit 1)【短文语法填空】When life takes you away from home,take technology to help guide and entertain you.Apps(程序)can help make your trip easier and more fun.Travel apps are very helpful to guide you on your trip.Some apps help you plan your trip and others help you travel.TripItTripIt is a helpful app to organize travel plans.Sign up for a free account at the TripIt website and download the app to have all of your travel plans handy in one place.TripIt will create a travel plan that will be shown in the TripIt app on your phone.No need to hunt down emails when it is time to travel.Everything will be in one place,on the TripIt app.TripIt is free but a paid version is available that has more functions.Google TranslateWhen traveling outside your home country,you may need some language help.Google Translate is an app that can help you understand a language other than your native tongue.The Google Translate app translates between 103 different languages.Copy text into the app to see a translation.You can also handwrite text onto the e your phone’s camera to see a translation of signs.Point the lens(镜头)at words to see the translation on the phone’s screen.The app works even without an Internet connection.Google Translate is available for free.OpenTableOpenTable is a restaurant reservation app to help users discover and make reservations at restaurants.Search by location,cooking,reviews and prices.OpenTable includes 31,000 restaurants around the world.Check the app to find information and make reservations within the app.OpenTable is available free for Android and iPhone and iPad.1.How does the app“TripIt”benefit the users?A.It provides jobs concerning travel.B.It helps them plan their trip.C.It helps them sort out emails about travel.D.It helps them communicate better.2.What can users do to make full use of the app “ TripIt” ?A.Pay for a version of the app.B.Sign up for a free account.C.Update the app at least once a month.D.Upload a certain amount of relevant information.3.What should“Google Translate”users do first if they want to know a foreign shop sign?A.Read it to the phone.e the Google search engine.C.Refer to an e-dictionary on the phone.D.See it through the phone's camera.4.What can users do with the app“OpenTable”?A.Book food in advance.B.Deliver food to a place quickly.C.Buy raw materials to produce good dishes.D.Cook food according to the recipes the app provides.参考答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.D; 4.A解析： 1.[细节理解题。