人教版八年级英语上册课程教学设计：Unit1 SectionA(1a-2d)

人教版八年级英语科目课堂教学设计
学习目标：
1) 能掌握以下单词：anyone, a nyheeee, hondeeul,, ulite a ueh, oott, tooeteing, noteing, eveeyone, ou colete, oyte,u, yolete,u
能掌握以下句型：
①—Weeee did yol go on vacation? —I hent to tee oolntaint.
②—Weeee did Tina to on vacation? —See hent to tee beace.
③—Did yol go hite anyone? —Yet, I did./No, I didn’t.
2) 能了解以下语法：
—复合不定代词tooeone, anyone, tooeteing, anyteing等的用法。

—yolete,u, oyte,u等反身代词的用法。

3）一般过去时态的特殊疑问句，一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答。

教学重点难点：
1. 教学重点：
1) 用所学的功能语言交流假期去了什么旅行。

2) 掌握本课时出现的新词汇。

2. 教学难点：
1) 复合不定代词tooeone, anyone, tooeteing, anyteing等的用法。

2) yolete,u, oyte,u等反身代词的用法。

Ⅰ. Lead-in
1. 看动画片来进入本课时的主题谈论上周末做了些什么事情，谈论过
去发生的事情。

Ⅱ. Presentation
1. Show some pictures on the big screen. Let Ss read the expressions.
2. Focus attention on the picture. Ask: What c an you see? Say: Each
picture shows
something a person did in the past. Name each activity and ask students to repeat:
Stayed at home, Went to mountains, went to New York City 6. Went to the beach,
visited my uncle, visited museums, went to summer camp
3. Now, please match each phrase with one of the pictures next to the name of the
activity，point to the sample answer.
4. Check the answers. Answers: 1. f 2. b 3. g 4. e
5. c
6. a
7. d
III. Listening
1. Point to tee pictlee on tee tceeen.
Say: Look at tee pictlee A. Weeee did Tina go o n vacation? See hent to oolntaint.
Atk: Weat did tee peeton do in eace pictlee?
2. P,ay tee eecoeding tee uiett tioe.
3. P,ay tee eecoeding a tecond tioe.
Say: Teeee aee teeee conveetationt. Tee peop,e ta,k abolt heat did on vacation. Litten to tee eecoeding and heite nlobeet ou tee naoet in tee eiget boxet ou tee pictlee.
4. Ceeck tee antheet.
IV．Pair work
1. Point olt tee taop,e conveetation. Atk tho St to eead tee conveetation to tee c,att.
2. Noh hoek hite a paetnee. Make yole ohn conveetation abolt tee peop,e in tee pictlee.
3. St hoek in paiet. At teey ta,k, oove aeolnd tee c,atteooo and give any ee,p teey need.
4. Let tooe paiet act olt teeie conveetationt.
V. Listening
1. Te,, St teey hi,, eeae a conveetation abolt teeee ttldentt’ conveetationt. Litten uoe tee uiett tioe and ui,, in tee ceaet. Teen ,itten again and ceeck Yet, oe No.
2. Let St eead tee peeatet in tee ceaet ou 2b.
3. P,ay tee eecoeding tee uiett tioe. St ,itten and ui,, in tee ceaet.
4. P,ay tee eecoeding a tecond tioe uoe tee St to ceeck “Yet, I did.” oe “No, I didn’t. ”
5. Ceeck tee antheet hite tee St.
VI. Pair work
1. Let tho St eead tee conveetation betheen Geace, Kevin and Jl,ie.
2. Let St hoek in paiet and tey to eo,e-p,ay tee conveetation.
3. Atk tooe paiet to act olt teeie conveetationt.
VII. Role-play
1. Fiett ,et St eead tee conveetation and oatce tee peop,e an d p,acet teey hent.
2. Let St act olt tee conveetationt in paiet.
VIII. Language points
1. Did yol bly anyteing tpecia,?
在英语中，anyteing, tooeteing, noteing和eveeyteing是用于指代事物的复合不定代词，与之相对应的复合不定代词anyone, tooeone, no one和eveeyone (anybody, tooebody, nobody和eveeybody) 用于指人。

与形容词连用时，形容词必须置于复合不定词之后，语法上称作“后置”。

e.g. I can tee tooeone neh in yole geolp.
Teeee’t noteing inteeetting in tee neht today.
2. Did yol go anyheeee inteeetting?
anyheeee意为“在任何地方”，常用于一般疑问句或否定句中，代替tooeheeee。

e.g. I can’t uind oy keyt anyheeee.
我到处也找不到我的钥匙。

3. We took ulite a ueh peotot teeee.
a ueh 意为“一些，若干（=tooe）”，后跟可数名词复数形式。

ulite a ueh 意为“相当多；不少（=oany）”后跟可数名词复数形式。

e.g. A ueh gie,t aee p,aying vo,,eyba,,.
几个女孩正在打排球。

Teeee aee ulite a ueh biedt in tee uoeett.
在那片森林里有很多鸟。

4. I jltt ttayed at eooe oott ou tee tioe to eead and ee,ax.
oott意为“大多数”，后跟可数名词或不可数名词均可。

e.g. Mott ttldentt go to tceoo, on uoot.
大多数学生步行去上学。

【辨析】
oott + 名词泛指多数，无范围；
oott + ou + tee (teit/teat/teote/teete等)名
词，指某一范围内的多数。

e.g. Mott ou tee ttldentt go to tceoo, by bike.
这些学生们中的多数骑自行车去上学。

Exercises
根据汉语提示完成句子。

1. Did ee go olt hite _______ (任何人)?
2. Teey didn’t b ly ________ ______ (特殊的东西) teeee yetteeday.
3. Te,, lt __________ __________ (有趣的事情) abolt yole vacation, Jenny.
4. Teey calget ______ ___ ____ (相当多的) intectt in tee uoeett.
5. _____ __ ___ (大多数) ttldentt can get to tceoo, eae,y.。

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1922.人教版八年级上Unit 1 Section A 1a~2d教案

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?Section A (1a~2c)教学目标【知识与技能】1. 掌握句型：—Where did you go on vacation? —I went to the mountains.—Did you go with anyone? —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.2. 掌握本课短语：stay at home, went to New York City, went to the mountains, went to the beach, visited my uncle…【过程与方法】通过例子“Who went to the movies last Saturday?”引出动词go的过去式为went，从而引出一般过去时态。

大面积操练，采用学生之间相互提出问题、解决问题，借助多媒体来提高学生的主动性。

【情感、态度与价值观】学会用一般过去时态进行信息交流，培养学生的环保意识，热爱大自然。

教学重难点【教学重点】掌握句型：—Where did you go on vacation? —I went to the mountains/New York City/beach/summer camp.—Did you go with anyone? —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.【教学难点】掌握动词的过去式，特别是不规则动词的过去式；掌握如何用过去时谈论假期的活动。

教学准备图片、多媒体等教学过程Step 1 GreetingGreat the class.Step 2 Lead inAsk questions about what students did last Saturday.(1) Who went to the movies last Saturday? Choose one student who raises his hand. “Sara went to the movies last Saturday.” Repeat this sentence and write the sentence on the blackboard. Underline the word “went”.(2) Ask: Who visited a friend last Saturday? Choose one student who raises his hand. “Lisa visited her friend last Saturday.” Repeat this sentence and write the sentence on the blackboard. Underline the word “visited”.(3) Point to the words “went” and ”visited” on the blackboard. Say that we use these words to talk about things that happened in the past. Write these pairs of words on the board “go—went””visit —visited”. Ask: Can you point out the words that talk about the past?Use this activity to introduce the key vocabularies.Step 3 Practice1. Focus attention on the picture. Ask: What can you see? Say: Each picture shows something a person did in the past. Name each activity and ask students to repeat: went to the mountains, went to New York City, went to summer camp, visited my grandparents, stayed at home, went to the beach, visited museums.2. Point to the numbered list of activities we did. Say each one again and ask the students to repeat.3. Now, please match each phrase with one of the picture. Say: Write the letter of each picture next to the name of the activity. Point to the sample answers.4. Check the answers.Step 4 Listening1. Point to the picture on the screen. Say: Look at the picture A. Where did Tina go on vacation? Yes, she went to the mountains.Ask: What did the person do in each scene? Say: There are three conversations. Let’s listen and see. Play the recording the first time.2. Listen to the recording and write numbers of the names in the right boxes in the picture. Please write only 5 numbers. Point out the sample answer next to the picture showing went to the mountain. Play the recording a second time.3. Correct the answers.Step 5 Pair workPoint out the example conversation. Ask two students to read the dialogue to the class. Repeat the dialogue in the picture with all the students. Do a second example to the students. Ask all the students to work in pairs and practice the conversation by using the words or activities in the picture. Offer language or pronunciation support as needed. Later choose four or five pairs of students to give the talk.Step 6 Listening1. Part 2a. Ask the students to listen to the record carefully to find where people go on vacation, and then fill in the chart. Play the recording twice and then check the answers.2. Look at the chart carefully and ask if the people do the following things. Listen to the recording and check the answers. Play twice and ask the students to check the answers in pairs and check the answers together.Step 7 Role play the conversationLook at the form again and make ask students to work in pairs to role play the conversation. Ask two or three groups to show the conversation first.课堂作业1. Practice the dialogue according to the picture on Page 1.2. Recited the conversation of Section A 2d.3. Finish the exercise on the workbook.教学反思本单元学习了几个短语和一个重点英语句式的练习运用。

人教版英语八年级上册 Unit 1 Section A (1a-2c)教学设计(表格式)

2. Listen to the tape again and then check the answers.
Listen and complete thechart.
Work with the desk mate to practice the conversation
Use the target language to talk about the past tense.
Step 5ListeningPractice
1.There are three students. They went to different places on vacation. There are also some questions about them. (Explain the questions in 2b to the students).Listen to the tape and please write down the places and check yes or no for each questions.
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
SectionA(1a-2c)
Teaching Aims
Knowledge Objects
(1)Key vocabulary: anyone, anywhere, wonderful, few, Central Park
(2)Target language:
Teaching Procedures
Problems and situations
Students’ activities
Purposes
Step 1 Warming-up and leading-in

人教版八年级英语上册教学设计：Unit1SectionA(1a2d)

a.摘录文章中的五个日常活动相关的动词短语。
b.总结文章的主旨大意。
c.仿照文章的结构，编写一段关于自己日常生活的描述。
4.课后反思：请学生反思本节课的学习过程，总结自己在学习一般现在时和动词短语方面的收获和不足，并提出改进措施。
3.通过听力训练，提高学生对英语语音、语调的敏感度，培养良好的听力习惯，提高听力理解能力。
4.能够运用阅读策略，如预测、扫描和略读，快速获取文章主旨和细节信息。
5.提高学生的写作能力，能够运用所学句型和词汇进行简短的段落写作。
（二）过程与方法
在本章节的教学过程中，学生将通过以下方法提升学习能力：
1.采用任务型教学法，让学生在真实语境中运用英语进行交流，提高学生的语言运用能力。
人教版八年级英语上册教学设计：Unit1SectionA(1a2d)
一、教学目标
（一）知识与技能
在本章节的教学中，学生将掌握以下知识与技能：
1.能够听懂并准确说出与日常生活相关的动词短语，如“go shopping”，“watch TV”，“play soccer”等，以及掌握一般现在时的用法。
2.能够运用一般现在时描述日常活动和兴趣爱好，并能够运用目标词汇和句型进行简单的自我介绍。
2.小组作业：以小组为单位，共同编写一个关于日常活动的对话。要求至少包含五个不同的场景，每个场景中至少有三个句子。对话内容要丰富，用词要准确，语法要正确。
例如：
- Scene 1: At school
A: “What do you usually do at school, Tom?”
B: “I usually attend classes, do homework, and play soccer with my friends after school.”

人教版八年级英语上册说课稿：Unit1SectionA(1a2d)

2.组织小组内互评，让学生相互指出优点和不足，促进彼此的成长。
3.教师对学生的学习情况进行点评，给予鼓励性评价，并提出针对性的建议。
4.针对学生的共性问题，进行集中讲解和辅导，确保学生掌握所学知识。
（五）作业布置
课后作业布置如下：
1.复习本节课所学词汇，完成词汇拼写练习。
2.根据所学对话，创编一段新的对话，要求运用一般现在时。
5.定期进行学习成果展示，让学生感受到自己的进步，激发进一步学习的动力。பைடு நூலகம்
三、教学方法与手段
（一）教学策略
我将采用以下主要教学方法：任务型教学法、情境教学法、合作学习法和启发式教学法。
1.任务型教学法：通过设计具体的任务，让学生在实践中运用所学知识，提高语言运用能力。理论依据是交际语言教学法，强调语言的实际运用和交际功能。
3.课堂展示：鼓励学生展示自己的学习成果，提高学生的自信心，激发进一步学习的动力。
4.课堂评价：采用多元化评价方式，如自评、互评、师评等，促进学生的全面发展。
四、教学过程设计
（一）导入新课
为快速吸引学生的注意力和兴趣，我将采用以下方式导入新课：
1.利用实物展示：提前准备一些学生在日常生活中常见的物品，如pen, pencil, ruler等。上课时，向学生展示这些物品，并提问：“Can you tell me what this is in English?”引导学生用英语回答，从而自然引入新课主题。
（二）新知讲授
在新知讲授阶段，我将逐步呈现知识点，引导学生深入理解：
1.词汇教学：通过展示实物、图片，让学生跟读、拼写新词汇，并在小组内进行词汇接龙游戏，巩固词汇记忆。
2.语法讲解：结合实例，引导学生观察、分析一般现在时在描述物品归属时的用法，总结规律，并进行模仿练习。

八年级英语教师集体备课教案Unit 1 SectionA(1a-2d)

3. Ask some pairs to act out their conversations.
Ⅷ. Role-play
1. Ask Ss to look at the picturein 2d.Then Ss read the dialogue by themselves and try to find out the answers to these questions.
4. Ss work in pairs to act out the conversation.
5. Ask some pairs come to the front of the classroom. They try to act out the conversation. See which group is the best.
老师可以和一名优秀的学生做一个对话的例子，让学生们明白如何去问答，例如：
T: What club does Lisa want to join?
S1: She wants to join the chess club.
T: Can she play chess？
S1: No, she can't.
2. Ss work in pairs to practice asking and answer about Lisa, Bob and Mary.
I can play the guitar. I can singanddance.
Ss work in groups. The let some Ss talk to their classmates infrontofthe class.
Ⅳ. Listening
1. T: Now let’s listen to the tape, find out the right conversation, and number them 1-3.

人教版英语八年级上册UNIT 1Section A 1a-2c教案设计

Period 1 （Section A 1a-2c）设计说明本节课从谈论last weekend引入话题，通过看图回答问题、听力训练和自由交谈等充分操练本课时所学词汇及句型。

在教学过程中充分利用真实情景，借助手势、动作、表情、实物、图片等手段为学生创设贴近教材内容的直观情景，达到调动学生学习积极性的目的。

教学目标1. 知识目标：（1）掌握单词：anyone。

（2）掌握句型：“Where did you go on vacation?”“Did you go with anyone?”等问句及其回答。

（3）一般过去时态的特殊疑问句、一般疑问句及其肯定与否定回答。

2. 能力目标：（1）学会运用一般过去时对假日活动进行问答。

（2）训练学生通过听录音，快速、准确地获取所需信息的能力。

3. 情感目标：学会用一般过去时进行信息交流，培养学生的环保意识。

重点难点1. 重点：（1）让学生学会描述自己假期所进行的活动。

（2）anyone的用法。

2. 难点：（1）规则和不规则动词的过去式。

（2）一般过去时态的特殊疑问句、一般疑问句及其肯定与否定回答。

教学准备1. 准备与假日活动有关的图片。

2. 准备录音机、磁带及多媒体课件。

教学过程Step 1Warming up & Leading in1. GreetingT：Good morning，boys and girls!Nice to see you!...2. Leading inT：What did you do last weekend?Now let’s talk.A：How was your weekend?B：It was busy.A：What did you do on Saturday morning?B：I washed my clothes. Then I went to a park.A：What did you do on Saturday afternoon?B：I did my homework. Then I went fishing.A：What did you do on Sunday morning?B：I cleaned my room. Then I visited my grandparents.A：What did you do on Sunday afternoon?B：I played football. Then I watched TV.A：That was a busy weekend.B：Yes，it was. Now I need another weekend.T：How was your weekend?S1：It was great.T：What did you do last weekend?S1：I washed my clothes，did my homework and watched TV.T：Summer vacation was over. How was your vacation?S2：It was good.T：What did you do during the vacation?S2：I went fishing with my father....T：Read the phrases on the screen，please. Then translate them into Chinese.do my homework做我的家庭作业wash my clothes洗我的衣服watch TV看电视go to the beach去海滩go to the mountains去山上go to New York City 去纽约市go to summer camp 去参加夏令营visit my uncle拜访我的叔叔visit museums参观博物馆stay at home待在家里practice English练习英语study for the test备考T：Write the past forms of the verbs. Who can have a try?do did wash washed watch watchedgo went visit visited stay stayedpractice practiced study studiedT：Please say the rules of the past forms.S1：一般情况+-ed...T：Well done. Thank you.Did you go to the beach on vacation?S2：No，I didn’t.T：Where did you go on vacation?（板书本课标题）S3：I stayed at home.Step 2PresentationT：Now，class. Please look at the phrases on the screen. Ask and answer in pairs. For example：A：Where did you go on vacation?B：I went to the beach.Then check the class.Step 3Practice1a 1. Look at the pictures. Answer the following questions：（1）How was the weather in Picture a?It was sunny.（2）Where did the boy go on vacation in Picture b?What about the girl in Picture c?The boy in Picture b went to New York City. The girl in Picture c went to the mountains.（3）What did the boys do on vacation in Picture d?They went to summer camp.（4）Where did the boy go on vacation in Picture e?He visited museums.（5）How was the girl’s vacation in Picture f?It was relaxed.（6）Did everyone have a good time in Picture g?Yes，they did.2. Read the phrases in 1a.3. Match the activities with the pictures [a-g]，and then check the answers.Answers：1. f 2. b 3. g 4. d 5. c 6. a7. e1b 1. Listen and number the people in the picture [1-5].The people’s names are Tina，Xiang Hua，Sally，Bob and Tom.2. Listen and repeat.1c 1. Ｐoint out the sample conversation. Ask two students to read the conversation to the class.2. Now work in pairs. As they talk，move around the classroom and give any help they need.3. Let some pairs act out their conversations.Step 4PresentationT：Do you know Central Park?Please look at the screen and enjoy the beautiful pictures.Did anyone go to New York City?（板书anyone）S1：Yes，I did.T：Who did you go with?S1：My parents...T：Le t’s learn the new word：anyone.Step 5Listening2a 1. Listen. Where did the people go on vacation?Complete the chart.2. Check the answers.Answers：2. Check the answers.3. Practice in pairs like this：A：Did Grace go with anyone?B：Yes，she did.Step 6Cooperative inquiryDiscuss the following language points in groups and fill in the blanks.1. anyone是不定代词，意为“任何人”，常用于否定句或疑问句中。

人教版英语八年级上册Unit1 SectionA(1a-2c)优质课教案

Unit1 SectionA〔1a-2d〕优质课教案Ⅰ.指导思想与理论依据本单元的教学内容是用一般过去时描述过去发生的事件。

本节课为本单元的第一节课，是单元新授课，同时也是一节听说课。

本节课的授课以培养学生的听说能力、在真实情景中的语言运用能力为指导思想，以语言学习遵循输入引发输出的学习规律为依据，展开教学内容；并通过语言学习和运用的过程，帮助学生积累更加丰富的语言知识，培养学生的语言能力和学习能力，培养学生的交流意识。

Ⅱ.教学背景分析本节课的学习内容为人教版八年级上第一单元Where did you go on vacation?，根据学生的情况，本课在人教版教材的根底上，进展了听力练习的改编、教学活动设计的拓展和调整。

在本单元开场之前，学生已经学习了两个关于一般过去时的单元〔人教版七年级下册最后两个单元〕，能够根本运用一般过去时进展表达，因此本单元的教学重点不是学习一般过去时的根本构造、用法和动词过去式，而是为学生创设重现、应用一般过去时的情景，进一步稳固和加强学生对一般过去时的掌握和运用能力。

本班共23名学生，学生英语学习根底普遍较好，个别学生尤其突出。

因此，在教学活动设计上，侧重锻炼学生的语言综合运用能力。

Ⅲ.教学目标〔含重、难点〕知识与技能目标：〔1〕能掌握并运用本单元SectionA的词汇。

〔2〕能掌握以下句式：—Where did you go on vacation?—I went to New York City.—Did you go with anyone?—Yes, I went with my family.〔3〕能了解并初步运用以下语法：一般过去时态的特殊疑问句、一般疑问句及其答复。

〔4〕能够运用本课所学，谈论自己过去的一次假期是如何度过的。

过程与方法目标：通过让学生提前准备自己的旅行照片，并设计评选Best Vacation的活动，创设真实的场景，激发学生的交流兴趣并进展自然的语言输出；通过由简单对话到复杂对话，再到从对话提取内容进展完整的文段表达的设计，循序渐进地让学生递进式掌握目标语言；再通过教师示范、师生示范等形式，为学生一步步铺垫，自然而然地过渡到介绍自己的照片故事。

人教版八年级上册Unit 1 Section A(1a-2d)教案

人教版初中英语八年级上册Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?Section A 1 (1a-2d)教学设计Unit1 Section A (1a-2d) 练习一、单项选择题（共5题，共50分）1. （10分）—How was your day off?—Pretty good! I ______ the science museum with my schoolmates.A. visitedB. visitC. am visitingD. will visit2. （10分）—How was your trip to Shanghai, Jim?—Great! We _______ to Xixi National Wetland Park.A. goB. am goingC. wentD. will go3. （10分）—Did your father work in America in 1999?—_______. He worked in China.A. No, he doesn'tB. Yes, he doesC. No, he didn'tD. Yes, he did4. （10分）—July, is it OK to leave you at home by _______?—Of course, dad.A. myselfB. yourselfC. herselfD. yourselves5. （10分）I'd like to go _______.A. to peaceful somewhereB. to somewhere peacefulC. somewhere peacefulD. peaceful somewhere二、句型转换（共5题，共50分）6. （10分）—Did you clean the hallway? (作肯定回答) —Yes, _______ _______.7. （10分）Lily visited her aunt last week. (改为否定句) Lily _______ _______ her aunt last week.8. （10分）I saw an interesting show last night. (改为一般疑问句) _______ you _______ an interesting show last night?_______ _______ they _______ in the room?_______ _______ the ship trip?。

八年级英语上册(人教新目标GoForIt!)Unit1第1课时SectionA(1a2d)教学设计

2.熟练运用一般现在时的句子结构，如：What's he/she doing? He/She is ...
3.能够听懂、会说、会读、会写关于学校设施和活动的句子，并能运用到实际场景中进行交流。
4.提高学生的英语听说能力和阅读理解能力，培养良好的学习习惯和合作意识。
（二）过程与方法
在教学过程中，采用以下方法实现教学目标：
此外，学生在小组合作学习中表现出较强的团队意识，但在口语表达方面仍存在一定程度的紧张和恐惧。针对这一情况，教师应充分调动学生的积极性，鼓励他们大胆开口，增强自信心。
三、教学重难点和教学设想
（一）教学重难点
1.重点：本节课的重点在于学生对一般现在时的句子结构和动词形式的掌握，以及运用所学词汇描述学校设施和活动。
2.任务驱动，合作探究：
设计丰富的课堂活动，如小组讨论、角色扮演等，引导学生运用一般现在时进行交流。任务驱动教学法能够激发学生的学习动机，培养他们的合作精神和自主学习能力。
3.逐步引导，分层教学：
针对学生英语水平参差不齐的现状，教师应关注个体差异，实施分层教学。对于基础薄弱的学生，重点辅导动词形式和句子结构；对于基础较好的学生，引导他们进行更复杂的交流，提高语言运用能力。
2.难点：学生在实际交流中，能够灵活运用一般现在时进行问答，并正确使用动词形式。
（二）教学设想
为了有效突破教学重难点，提高学生的英语综合运用能力，我设想以下教学策略：
1.创设情境，激发兴趣：
利用图片、实物等直观教具，呈现学校设施和活动场景，让学生在真实语境中感知、体验和运用英语。通过情境创设，激发学生的学习兴趣，调动他们的学习积极性。
二、学情分析
八年级学生在经过一年的英语学习后，已经具备了一定的英语基础，能够运用简单的词汇和句型进行交流。在此基础上，他们对英语学习有了更高的期待，希望在学习过程中获得更多的成就感。本章节内容以学校设施和活动为主题，与学生的日常生活紧密相关，有利于激发学生的学习兴趣。

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