英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编)Unit 4 Have a Nice Trip听力原文

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英语听力教程第三版(张民伦主编)Unit_4_Have_a_Nice_Trip听力原文

Listen this way 听力教程第三册-4Unit 4 Have a Nice TripPart I Getting ready Audioscript:★ Australia is the world's largest island and its smallest continent. Its total area of 3 000 000 square miles is about the same as that of the continental United States (excluding Alaska). ★ The area of Nepal is about 54 000 square miles. Within its borders are five of the world's highest peaks.★ Switzerland is a small, landlocked country, 15 944 square miles in area. It's bordered by France, Austria, and Italy.★ Mor e than 20 000 000 people live in Argentine. About 97 percent are of European stock. Most Argentines live on the eastern plains. Fewer than 19% live in the dry western and northwestern provinces.★ Austria is 32 376 square miles in area. This makes it twic e the size of neighboring Switzerland. There are about 7 150 000 people living in Austria. More than one third of the people live in or near Vienna, the capital city.★ Colombia is the only country in South America with a coastline on both sides of the continent. It is a big country withan area of 439 828 square miles and about 16 300 000 persons live in Colombia.★ Saudi Arabia's area is estimated to be about 830 000 square miles. Almost all of Saudi Arabia's 7 000 000 people are Arabs. Today Saudi Arabia's vast oil resources are paying for the modernization of the country. Conditions there are changing more rapidly than they have for centuries.★ Denmark proper has an area of only 16 575 square miles. It is the smallest of the Scandinavian countries -- Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. But Denmark's population of over 4 600 000 is greater than that of Norway and more than half that of Sweden.Part II CanadaAudioscript:Thank you for calling the Daily News Information line on Canada.Canada is a huge country, second in size only to the former Soviet Union. Yet it has only 26 million people, which is less than half the population of the United Kingdom. It extends from the Great Lakes in the south to the majestic Rocky Mountains in thewest, and the bleak Arctic Islands in the far north. A third of the country is covered by forest and there are also vast grasslands and countless lakes and rivers.There are great variations in climate. Winters are extremely cold except in Vancouver which has a milder climate owing to its location on the west coast, so take a heavy overcoat and a fur hat. Canadian summers are warm on the whole, especially inland, so you'll only need lightweight clothing.A quarter of all Canadians, mainly those living in the province of Quebec in the east, speak French as their first language. In addition, there are half a million American Indians, a million Germans and smaller numbers of Italians, Ukranians and Inuit. Canada has two official languages: English and French, except in the province of Quebec where French alone is the official language. You'll find English spoken virtually everywhere apart from Quebec and if you plan to visit Quebec City, you'll definitely need a French phrasebook if you don't speak French.Eating out is a pleasure in Canada and you'll find restaurants, coffee shops and snack bars to suit every pocket. Menus offer a wide choice with excellent seafood like Pacific salmon, lobsters and clams, meat dishes including moose steaksand beefsteaks, and also a range of ethnic foods. For the sweet course, the specialty/speciality is waffles, a kind of thick pancake, served with maple syrup. Beer is good but foreign wines, even those from neighboring America, tend to be quite dear and local wines are not particularly good.Canada has some of the world's most modern shopping centers. Clothes tend to be slightly expensive by European standards but there are some bargains to be had. Good buys include moccasins, a kind of soft leather shoe made by Indians, woolen gloves and sweaters, wood carvings, leather goods and maple syrup, of course.The unit of currency is the Canadian dollar. Banking hours are from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Monday to Thursday and till later on Fridays.Have a good trip, and thank you for calling the information line.Part III Travelling around AustraliaAudioscript:Nancy: Oh, David, hi! You know, I've been meaning to talk to you. I'm planning a trip to Australia, and I wonder if youcould give me some advice.David: Sure! What... what do you want to know?Nancy: Well, I thought I'd start my trip in Sydney. What shouldI see there?David: Well, the most important thing to see, of course, is the harbor, which is the most beautiful in the world.Nancy: Oh, right. Do they have boat trips?David: Yeah, of course, they do. They have wonderful boat trips!The one ... the one that I recommend particularly is ... isa trip around Have a Nice Trip the harbor in an oldsailing ship.Nancy: Oh, that sounds like lots of fun!David: Yeah. And, of course, then there's the Sydney Opera House, which ... which everyone knows about. And, uh,you can see ... see wonderful things there ... concertsand opera and theater.Nancy: Oh, I definitely want to go there! Now what about places to stay? Can you recommend some place inexpensive?David: Yeah, let me see ... Probably, of course, you know I don't stay in these places, but probably the most inexpensiveplace would be ... would be a backpacker's hotel. Thereare lots of those.Nancy: OK, thanks. That sounds good. Uh, where should I go after Sydney?David: After Sydney, let's see ... I'd recommend that you travel up the coast to the Great Barrier Reef, which is in NorthQueensland.Nancy: Right. I've heard a lot about it! But what is there to do there?David: Well, you can go scuba diving and see the coral reef and the tropical fish up close ...Nancy: You know I don't like to get wet.David: Well, there ... there're always ... always theseglass-bottom boats you can ... you can travel on.They're ... they're fabulous! Yeah, and, uh, there're ...there are literally hundreds of islands you can explore.Nancy: Wow! And are there places to stay?David: Yeah, sure. If you want to spend lots of money, you can stay at one of these fabulous resort hotels or, if youwant to ... want to do it on the cheap, you can ... you cango to a guesthouse, which are much cheaper.Nancy: Right. That sounds good. Well, what next?David: Next, well, I guess you should ... should go inland to ... to Ayers Rock in Uluru National Park.Nancy: Ayers Rock? What is that? How do you spell it?David: It's ... it's Ayers Rock. It's ... it's spelled ... let's see, A-Y-E-R-S. It's the largest rock in the world! You mustknow about it!Nancy: No kidding! No, I've never heard of it! What do you do when you visit it?David: Well, it's mainly hiking and trekking. You can ... you can walk right round the base of it if you like. [Huh!] It takesabout ... it's ... it's about five and a half miles, I guess, but[Wow!] it's really well worth it. And, uh, there are cavepaintings in the rock, and the colors of the rock ... at... atsunrise and sunset... are just fabulous!Nancy: Sounds like I should bring my camera!David: You sure should! Finally, let's see, I guess you should travel ... travel north to visit the Kakadu National Park.Nancy: Kakadu? How do you spell that?David: K-A-K-A-D-U. It's ... it's a tropical forest where you can go hiking and see all sorts of wildlife ...Nancy: Oh?David: Oh, and there are some beautiful waterfalls there as well.Nancy: And do they allow camping there?David: Yeah, there are lots and lots of campsites. The only thing is that you've got to watch out for the crocodiles!Nancy: Ugh! Well, David, thanks a lot! You've been a big help!David: No problem.Nancy: I can't wait to go!Statements:1. When David was in Sydney, he didn't stay there for night.2. The Great Barrier Reef is in South Queensland in Australia.3. From what Nancy says, one can know that she is fond of swimming.4. In Uluru National Park, Nancy can see the largest rock in the world.5. If Nancy likes to walk around the base of the rock, she has to walk about five miles.6. Nancy will bring her camera with her when she travels in Australia.7. There are no crocodiles in the tropical forest in Australia.Part IV More about the topic:The story of Denver Audioscript: :Denver is the largest city and the capital of the western state of Colorado. There's a marker on the step in the State Capitol Building. Standing there, you are exactly 1.6 kilometersabove sea level, one mile high. Denver is known as"the-mile-high city", but it does not appear to be that high. This is because it is built almost completely on smooth flat land. Denver is the largest city of the Rocky Mountains. Many people believe it is actually in the Rocky Mountains. However, it is about 50 kilometers east of them.The city of Denver has a population of about 470 000 people. This makes it the 26th largest city in the United States. The area around Denver has more than 1 600 000 people. City officials are proud of the fact that Denver receives more than 300 days of sunshine a year. Storms moving east across the country lose much of their strength in the Rockies. So Denver gets only about 3 5 centimeters of rain and snow a year. The nearby mountains, however, get a lot more than that.Denver is the business and marketing center for all the Rocky Mountain area. It has more than 1 500 manufacturing companies. Food processing is the main manufacturing activity. Other factories make equipment for the defense, space, high technology and transportation industries. Gold production is also important. Denver is home to companies that control half the gold produced in the United States.The computer and communications industries have become increasingly important in recent years. Denver has the third highest number of high technology jobs in relation to the population. The area also has become a center for companies that do business in other countries. This is true throughout the western states. In fact, more jobs in the American west are linked to foreign trade than in any other part of the country.Tourism is also an important industry in Denver. For example, the Colorado History Museum shows the history of the native American Indians, gold miners and other people who moved to Colorado. The Denver Museum of Natural History shows Indian objects and examples of local wildlife. Many visitors to Colorado and the Rocky Mountains use Denver's new international airport, which opened in 1995. It was the first major new airport built in the United States in 21 years. It cost almost 5 000 million dollars. It is the largest airport in North America, almost 90 000 passengers land at Denver International Airport each day.There is a lot to see and do in Denver. The State Capitol Building is in the center of the city. The top is covered with more than 500 g of gold. On a clear day, a visitor to the Capitol cansee for a distance of almost 250 kilometers. 87 years ago, city officials began to purchase land to make sure it would be protected from development. Today, the city owns 8 000 hectares. On this land, Denver has built the largest city park system in the nation. Finally, there's Larama Square. It is a business area that is said to look like Denver of the early 1900s. Larama Square is filled with old buildings, gas lights and vehicles pulled by horses. It is a part of the new Denver that lives in the past.Part V Do you know ...?Audioscript:1.-- This country is an island, and it has a very smallpopulation, and most of the population live in the capital city.-- Is it a very dry country?-- Um -- no.-- Is it in the Caribbean?-- No, it isn't.-- Is it in the Pacific?-- No.-- Is it in Europe? (Uh, huh)-- Is it divided into two halves?-- No.-- Is it very popular for tourists?-- Not really, no.-- Is it in the Mediterranean?-- No.-- Is it in the Atlantic?-- Um, yes, I think so.-- It's not Iceland, is it?-- Yes.2.--This country is quite a large country. It has changed its capital since the Second World War, and it's famous for its jungles.-- Is it an African country?-- No, it isn't.-- Is it a South American country?-- Yes.-- Sorry, did you say it was large or small?-- Er, pretty large, (large)-- Does it have a newly built capital?-- Yes, it does.-- Brazil?-- Brazil. That's correct.3.-- This is a small country. It's mountainous and it has a small population.-- Is it in Europe?-- No.-- Is it in Asia?-- No.-- South America?-- No.-- Africa?-- No.-- North America?-- No.-- Is it a hot country?-- Slightly hotter than Britain.-- Does it have a dry climate or ... ?-- No, it has a very wet climate.-- A small population, you said?-- Yes.-- Is it an island country?-- Yes.-- Divided into two islands?-- Yes.-- Is it New Zealand?-- Yes.Part VII Watch and enjoy Videoscript:Dan Cruickshank:Over the past month, I've traveled through the Americas from Peru to New York. My next stop is another of the world's great modern cities.In little more than 200 years, Sydney has gone from being a dumping ground for British convicts to a confident metropolis, with a number of potential treasures I'm keen to see. I've come to Sydney to seek my treasure. To find the treasure that captures the extraordinary history, the spirit of this city and this nation. There are several contenders.The first one is obvious -- The Sydney Opera House. It's the great Australian icon and one of the most celebrated buildings of the 20th century.The Opera House was designed in 1957 by a Danish architect, Jorn Utzon. The Opera House was one of the most memorable buildings of the 20th century. Its forms are so strong. They're like a symbol for the city. These great shells one upon the other, incredibly powerful. The influences are complex. Utzon looked at many things. He'd been to Mexico, seen Mayan architecture. He loved the platform. I'm on the platform now. The shells rise from -- rise from the platform. Below are sort of the service parts of the buildings, and these great steps, again from the great Mayan temples in Mexico. So he's thinking of ancient sacred buildings. Utzon also took inspiration from nature. He needed to make the structure easy to build. His solution was ingenious. The shape of each of these shells originates from one form -- a sphere. If one takes an orange and one cuts it into components, I'm now creating the surface of the shells on a miniscule scale. And these surface shapes of standard geometrical form are the basis of the shell structure of the city Opera House, you see. Incredible this use of nature, use of simple forms, use of powerful elemental geometry, use of modern building materials -- concrete, all very ingenious, to create emblematic building, which sums up the city, which has captured the imagination of the world, which says Sydney.My heart sinks when I enter the Opera House. It seems like another building. The imaginative design of the exterior has not been repeated inside. It's all because in 1966 Uzton walked off the project after rows over the design and escalating budget. The consequences of Uzton's resignation were, well, tragic really. The fact is the relationship between the inside and the outside is, er, what shall one say -- unresolved, unsatisfactory. It's good in parts, but not as good as it ought to be and that's very sad. A masterpiece has been flawed.。

英语听力教程第三版(张民伦主编)Unit-8-The-Sound-of-Music听力原文

6. audition：take part in a practical test for performing applicants7. choreography：the arranging or inventing of dances, especially ballet8. pantomime：traditional Christmas musical show for children9. scherzo：a short, lively piece of music, that is often part of a longer piece10. lyrics：the words of a songListen to the following radio quiz game. Who are those people on the panel? Supply the missing information.Now listen again. Put a mark beside each question. Put a tick if it is true. If it is false, put a cross. Finally write down who that person is.Audioscript::A - Announcer M - MaxineQ - Quizmaster L - LauraT-Tim D-David Radio Bristol. Ladies and gentlemen, it's time for "Alive or Dead?" our exciting quiz game about famous people alive ordead. Before I tell you the rules, let's meet our panel for tonight. From right to left we have that famous sportsman and racing driver, Tim Brown. T:. Evening everyone. Next to Tim, is that lovely star of the American cinema, who is now here in Bristol at the Opera House, Maxine Morgan. Hi there! Next we have novelist, David Walker. Good evening. And last but not least, composer and singer, Laura Dennison. Hello. So let's get with the game. I have the name of a famous person -- alive or dead -- in this envelope. The panel will try to guess who it is. But they can only ask questions which have a "yes" or "no" answer. Are we ready? Well, yes. Are you alive? No, I'm not. Now Maxine, let's have your question. You're not alive. So you are a famous person who is dead. Oh, I know. Are you a person in a book -- a fictional character -- somebody who isn't real? No, I'm not fictional. David, can we have your question? So you're a real, dead person? That's right, I am. Good, now we want to know where you come from. Are you British? No, I'm not British. Are you from Europe? No, I'm not. T: Are you Australian? No, Tim, I'm not. I'm not Australian. Oh, then I know, you're American. You're a real American person, but you're dead. Now let me think. Ah, yes, are you a writer of any sort? No, I'm not. Are you anything to do with peace, you know someone like Martin Luther King? A good guess,Slumdog Millionaire is a 2000 British drama film. Set and filmed in India, the film tells the story of Jamal Malik, a young man from the Juhu slums of Mumbai who appears on the Indian version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? and exceeds people's expectations, thereby arousing the suspicions of cheating. It was widely acclaimed, being praised for its plot, soundtrack and directing. It was nominated for 10 Academy Awards in 2009, winning eight, including Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Adapted Screenplay.A Listen to the first news report broadcasted when Slumdog Millionaire won 10 Academy Award nominations. Note down the key words in the notes column. Then complete the storyline of the movie.Audioscript:One of the strongest contenders for the Best Picture Oscar this year is Slumdog Millionaire.Set in Mumbai, India, it is a story about destiny. Jamal Malik, a young man from the slums, becomes a contestant on the Indian reality show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? Based on its Americanequivalent, the Indian show offers 20 million rupees ($400 000) to the winner.Few expected this independent production directed by filmmaker Danny Boyle to make it to the Oscars. But Slumdog is no longer an underdog. It has won viewers' hearts and gained critical acclaim. With ten Academy Award nominations, it is a serious Oscar contender. (Movie) Host: Jamal Malik, you 're absolutely right!Jamal Malik is not knowledgeable. He just happens to know the answers to the specific questions he's been asked. Each question is somehow related to an event that has defined his life.With their mother dead, Jamal and his brother Salim begin to steal, trade and sleep wherever they can to survive.But the defining moment in Jamal's life is when an orphan girl named Latika tags along with them.Latika is taken by gangsters and Jamal will not rest until he sees her again.Years later, as a young adult, he finds her at a gangster's house. She is locked up, and her only pastime is the Indian TV show WhoNow listen to the second news report broadcasted on the day when Slumdog Millionaire finally earned 8 Oscars. After listening, match the awards with the corresponding names.Audioscript:Slumdog Millionaire was expected to win big. And, it did, earning Oscars for its cinematography, film editing, sound mixing, and bringing two of the golden statuettes to composer A. R. Rahman for his score and an original song.Steven Spielberg announced the top award of the evening."And, the Oscar goes to Slumdog Millionaire, Christian Colson, producer."The man behind the movie, Danny Boyle, was named best director.Slumdog Millionaire was a collaboration between the British filmmaker, an Indian cast and crew and a Hollywood distributor. Backstage, Boyle said joint efforts like this will become more common."You know, there's all sorts of people gonna work there. These things are gonna come together. The world's shrinking a bit in a ... in awonderful way and it will benefit from it because, in ... in culture, fusion is a wonderful thing."The film is set in the slums of Mumbai and features two professional actors with a cast of unknown youngsters from the Mumbai slums. Young cast members came to Hollywood for the Oscars.The story revolves around a teenager who hopes to win riches on a quiz show. Writer Simon Beaufoy, who won an Oscar for his adapted screenplay, says the story is appropriate in a recession."A film comes out that is ostensibly about being a millionaire, and actually what it's about is, it's a film that says there are more important things than money. There's love and faith and your family, and that struck a chord with people, I think, right now."Part III Karen Kain -- a Canadian ballerina The beautiful prima ballerina of the National Ballet of Canada, Karen Kain, was for five years the partner of Rudolph Nureyev and has danced most of the major classical ballet roles all over the world, since her debut in the demanding role of Odile/Odette inSwan Lake at the age of nineteen. She was born in Hamilton, Ontario, not far from Toronto, the home of the National Ballet of Canada. She and her husband now live in Cabbagetown, one of the oldest districts in central Toronto.In this section, you are going to hear an interview during which Karen Kain, a Canadian ballerina, talks about her work and how she first became interested in the ballet. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left column. After the second listening, answer the questions.Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the interview and then do the multiple choice.Audioscript: Well, I actually saw Celia Franka dance, and now she founded the National Ballet of Canada. And she was dancing in my hometown -- Giselle, and I was taken for my birthday, and I saw her dance, (I) fell in love with it, and I started taking ballet lessons, and then at one point ... I think it was around ten ... my teacher said that I should audition for the National Ballet School, which is a full-time academic and ballet training facility here in Toronto. It's one of... I think it's the only one in North America. I mean, it's the same set-up as the ParisOpera, the Bolshoi, the Leningrad ... you know, that they have the school affiliated with the Company. And you take all your academic training as well as your dance training. So she told me that I should audition for that, and I did. And when I was eleven years old I went to the ballet school for seven years till I was eighteen, graduated from high school and I joined the National Ballet. Now you were married fairly recently, weren't you? It'll be three years next month, yes. Is touring and so forth hard on married life? I believe your husband's an actor, isn't he? Yes, he is. So you're probably both away quite a lot. We've been very fortunate. We've managed to stay together most of the time. The longest we were separated was when I was on tour with the National Ballet in Europe last spring, and I was gone for six weeks, and he was making a television series and he was in Australia for six weeks. So we have been separated a few times, but most of the time we manage to be together. We've just been very fortunate. Throughout the year ... how much time do you have off away from the dance? Very little. I'm trying to make sure that I get one week in June this year, because I have not had more than two days free since a year ago January. So I've been working very very hard, and I feel that I really need one week free, you know. Tom Boyd: How long can a ballerina go on before she should start thinkingof retiring? I hope that I have another ten years at the most to dance. Tom Boyd: What would you do after that? Would you leave the ballet completely or go into teaching, or choreography? I don't think choreography, I don't think I have any talent in ... you know ... I have no desire, no talent. I like to teach, I like to coach young dancers. I don't think I would leave the ballet world entirely, but I may try something else. You never know. I'm interested in other things and I have done some sorts of musical comedy work, and I've enjoyed it very much -- just to expand myself a little and to look around. And this Christmas again I'll be playing Cinderella in an English pantomime -- which is great fun for me. I really have fun and it's not serious dancing, you know, and I get to speak and act and everything. So I don't know. I would also like to have a family, so I have lots of things that I may do.Part IV More about the topic:Beethoven VBeethoven was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential of all composers. His best known compositions include 9symphnies, 5 concertos for piano, 32 piano sonatas, and 16 string quartets. The Symphony No. 5 in C minor was written in 1804 - 1808. It is one of the most frequently played symphonies.Listen to the recording. Learn to appreciate Beethoven's Fifth Symphony with the speakers. While listening, complete the following outline.Audioscript: "" The most famous four-note sequence in music, instantly recognizable to us today as Beethoven's Fifth and full of associations. Fate knocking at the door. "V" for victory. But how must it have sounded to that original audience? Beethoven presented it as pure music. No clue to its significance or meaning. Well, Beethoven, as a personality, was so tricky and so uncouth in so many ways, and had such a difficult, troubled childhood, that the adult that gave us some of these pieces was a man so often at odds with the world around him. Born in poverty in the German town of Bonn, he was bullied as a child by his alcoholic father and in his 20s realized he was going deaf, surely the crudest of tragedies for a musician. But Beethoven was a man with a will of iron, and, in the Fifth, he harnesses the power of the orchestra to an insistentpropulsive rhythm, forcing the symphony to articulate the profoundest personal drama. Host: The story of a soul struggling against implacable fate and emerging incandescently victorious. One of the great contrasts available to a composer are the contrasts of darkness and lightness. And in his Fifth Symphony, builds up from hesitant darkness into the radiant blaze of optimism, confidence, whatever. Now he does this through the simplest of means. At the end of the third movement, which is the rather shadowy, dark scherzo, his plan is to burst us into the light without stopping. Now he does this by making the orchestra play as quietly as it can, all the strings just plucking very, very quietly. Then comes the heartbeat of the drum, very, very quiet and distant and the strings just moving up and down, uncertain about which way they're going to go. And then suddenly, very quickly, the whole orchestra comes in, and, without stopping, we burst into the final movement. This is in the major key. Lights full on, after lights hardly on at all. The symphony is a masterpiece of storytelling without words. When the French Revolution erupted, Beethoven was a teenager, struggling to support his family after the death of their mother, and the concept of individual liberty became a lifelong issue. And we, the listeners, are compelled to share his battle against fate. Although Beethoven wanted to write somethingthat was comprehensible at first hearing, he wasn't writing simply to give pleasure. He wanted it to be a potentially life-changing experience, music that would resonate in the mind long after the last note had sounded.Part V Do you know ...?What is a musical? According to one definition, it is a stage, television or film production utilizing popular-style songs and dialogue to either tell a story and/or showcase the talents of varied performers. Musicals are not just written -- they are collaborative creations that are put together piece by piece. Then what is the Broadway musical? When was it born?A Spot dictation. Listen to a passage about the birth of the Broadway musical. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.Audioscript:Most scholars believe that The Black Crook in 1866 marked the beginning of the musical comedy, integrating music, dance and comedy, with an emphasis on beautiful women and spectacular scenery. But it was during World War One and after, that the musical developed as auniquely American idiom. Song-and-dance man George M. Cohan exploited Americans' sense of patriotism, moving away from European influences. In the 1920s. songwriters who include Jerome Kern, George and Ira Gershwin, Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, brought the musical to maturity with their meticulous crafting of music and lyrics to create the American popular song.The modern musical was born in 1943 with Rodgers and Hammerstein's Oklahoma, which revolutionized the way dance, music and dialogue were used to develop the plot and characters. Other songwriters of the 1940s, 50s and 60s capitalized on that winning formula to write so many hit musicals, that that era is now referred to as "Broadway's Golden Age." Since then, American musicals have been translated and produced on stages all over the world. The music has become a mainstay among vocalists and jazz musicians, making clear the expression that the music of Broadway is truly "America's classic music."Foreigners call Americans Yankees. Southerners say that Yankees are Northerners. Northerners say that Yankees are from the New England states. People in New England say it is theVermonters who are Yankees. Vermonters reply that a Yankee is just someone who eats pie for breakfast. It seems that the origin of this term defies detection.B1 Listen to the passage. Focus on what the word "Yankee" refers to at different times. Supply the missing information. B2 Now listen to the passage again. Complete the summary.Our question this week asks about the song Yankee Doodle. To explain, we must go back more than 200 years. The American colonies had not yet won independence from England. The British used the word "Yankee" to describe colonists in the northeast part of America. That area was known as New England. After the War for Independence, the British used the word to mean all Americans. And during both World Wars American soldiers were known as Yankees or just Yanks.That was the song Yankee Doodle. History experts do not know exactly when it was written. Some research shows the date may have been during the 1750s. Many stories say a British army doctor wrote the song when England was fighting the French and the Indians in North America. There is little confirmation of these。

听力教程第三版第一册Unit4听力原文

听力教程第三版第一册Unit4听力原文听力教程第三版第一册Unit 4听力原文Part1B 听力文本From London to Nairobi is 355 pounds return. From London to Vienna is 140 pounds 50 and to Brussels is 49 pounds 50. If you go to Copenhagen, it’s 99 pounds 50. But Gothenburg is more expensive at 107 pounds. The most expensive flight is from London to Manila, which is 520 pounds.Now answer the questions. If you don’t remember the answers, listen again.How much is it to Vienna?How much is it to Manila?How much is it to Copenhagen?How much is it to Nairobi?How much is it to Gothenburg?Part2（II）听力文本1. Alitalia to Milan, flight number A2291 now boarding at gate 6. Atlitalia flight number A2291 boarding gate 6.2. This is the final call for Sabena to Brussels flight number SN608. Any remaining passengers must go immediately to gate 8 wherethe flight is now closing. Sabena flight number SN608 closing now at gate 8.3. Passengers to New York. British Airways regret to advise a delay of 35 minutes on their flight number BA175 to New York. That is a delay of 35 minutes on British Airways flight number BA175 to New York.4. British Airways regret that all flights are subject to delay.This is due to a shortage of baggage handlers.5. Passengers to Madrid, Iberia Airlines of Spain regret to advisea delay of two hours on their flight IB551 to Madrid. This delay is due to the late arrival of the incoming flight. That is a delay of two hours on Iberia flight number IB551 to Madrid.6. Passengers to Zurich, Swissair regret to advise a delay of 40 minutes on their flight SR805 to Zurich. This delay is due to a mechanical fault. That is a delay of 40 minutes on Swissair flight number SR805 to Zurich.Part3（III）(Conversation 1) 听力文本Travel agent: What can I help you with today? My name’s Steve. Traveler: My name’s Mr.Sanchez. I would like to go on a business trip to London.Travel agent: When are you planning on traveling?Traveler: I plan on traveling at the end of the month. T oday is September 10 and I wish to travel on September 29.Travel agent: On September 29, that’s wit hin 21 days. Most of the best airline rates just now are with a 21-day or a 30-day advance purchase. If you’re traveling within 21 days the rates might tend to be a little higher. If you must leave on the 29th, the only advance purchase available would be a 7-day advance purchase, and the only rate available would be $595 in each direction, so that would make a total of $1,190 round trip.Traveler: That’s OK.Travel agent: One moment please. You said you wanted to leave on 29 September and what was your return date?Traveler: October 15.Travel agent: OK, October 15. Do you have a preference onairlines?Traveler: If possible, British Airways.Travel agent: British Airways, OK. Ticketing deadline is set for 15 September. If you want a couple of days to think about it, we can hold the reservation until then.Traveler: No, I can complete immediately.Travel agent: OK, would you be paying by cash or credit card? Traveler: Visa.Travel agent: A Visa card, OK. Hold on just one moment... (Conversation 2) 听力文本Clerk: Can I help you this evening, sir?Traveler:I’m traveling to San Francisco.Clerk: OK, do you have your tickets?Traveler:Yes, I do.Clerk: Would you like smoking or non-smoking seats? Traveler:No smoking please.Clerk: This evening you’re going to be traveling out on flight 317. Your seat is 17A, non-smoking, window.Traveler:Thank you. Do you need to see my passport?Clerk: No, sir. Were there any bags you’d like che cked this evening?Traveler:Yes please, one.Clerk: Is your name and address on your bag, sir?Traveler: Yes, it is.Clerk: OK, your claim check is stapled in the back of your ticket jacket. Your flight’ll be departing out ofGate 22. Boarding time is 6:40 and your flight leaves at 7 o’clock.Traveler: Thank you very much indeed.Clerk: Have an enjoyable flight this evening.。

新视野大学英语视听说教程3（第三版）UnittextUint4听力原文和答案

新视野⼤学英语视听说教程3（第三版）UnittextUint4听⼒原⽂和答案Unit 4 testNextDirections: Click on the speaker to the left to start playing the audio recordingsParts I, II and III. They will be played continuously. Once the recording starts playiplease do NOT click on either the speaker icon or the 'Unit Quiz' link in the menuabove. Otherwise, you may lose the chance of hearing the complete recording.Part IDirections: Listen to the short dialogs, and then choose the correct answersto the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing,there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playingto check your answers.1.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. They are taking photos.B. They are barbecuing.C. They are playing with the woman's sister.D. They are looking at photos.2.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The man's mom will always scold him when he and his brother fight.B. The man's mom will always scold his brother when they fight.C. The woman's sister is very naughty.D. The woman sometimes fights with her little sister.3.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The woman thinks parents shouldn't allow children to watch TV at all.B. The man's child is a couch potato.C. The woman's child doesn't like watching TV.D. The man encourages his child to work out to reduce the time spendingon TV.4.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. Husband and wife.B. Daughter and father.C. Mother and son.D. Two colleagues.5.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. One had better forget the divorce.B. One should find a new spouse as early as possible.C. Divorce is very painful.D. Divorce is not very painful.Part IIDirections: Listen to the passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen for the general idea. When the passage is read the second time, fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you hear. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10, write down either the exact words you hear or the main points in your own words. When the passage is read the third time, check your answers.In a powerful new Mercedes a married couple are driving along a highwayHer husband suddenly looks over at her. From theand themoment. He says, "been married for 20 years, but I want aThe wife says nothing, but slowly increases theHe then says, "(8)Again the wife stays quiet, but speeds up as her rage increases."I want the house," he insists, pressing his luck.The wife speeds up to 80 mph.He says, "I want the car, too," but she just drives faster and faster.By now she's up to 90 mph."All right," the man says, "(9)The wife slowly starts to veer toward a bridge.This makes him a bit nervous, so he says, "Isn't there anything you want?"The wife says, ""Oh, really," he says, "So what have you got?"Seconds before they slam into the bridge at a speed of 100 mph, the wife smiles and says, "The airbag."Part IIIDirections: Listen to the following recording, and then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers.1. What is the passage mainly about?A. The importance of remarriage.B. The reasons for a remarriage.C. Ways of preparing for a blended family.D. Children's problems in a blended family.2. How will children view the man their single mother is dating if she says "we're just friends"?A. They will find the man threatening.B. They will leave home.C. They will treat the man as a friend.D. They will be eager to have a new father.3. How can single parents benefit from advice?A. They can make up their minds to find a new spouse quickly.B. They can see the issue from a new angle.C. They will understand their former spouse better.D. They can give their new spouse a surprise.4. According to the passage, which of the following is true in the case of a divorce?A. Children are sadder than parents.B. Parents are sadder than children.C. Younger children have more problems than older children.D. Older children have more problems than younger children.5. Which people are mentioned in the passage who must make adjustments in a blended family?A. The stepparent and the biological parent.B. The stepparent and the children.C. The biological parent and the children.D. The stepparent, the biological parent, and the children.Part IVDirections: Choose the best answer to each of the following statements.1.Amy, sit down. We need to talk. Your mother and I are going to _________.A. separateB. separate with each otherC. divorce ourselvesD. divorce with each other2.So you're still single? If you ________ to me and used the Internet, you'd have had a husband by now.A. listenB. have listenC. have listenedD. had listened3.I _________ an online ad that read, "Husband Wanted".A. putB. postedC. positionedD. pressed4.I do have a right _____ stability for my children and myself, don't I?A. inB. forC. toD. at5.Do you yell at him and call ______________?A. him namesB. his namesC. him nameD. his naming6.Remarriage was the ______ thing I'd consider for two years after my divorce.I had heard about the high rate of remarriage failures.A. finalB. eventualC. lastingD. last7.As time ________, my son gradually grew up, and he became conscious of my loneliness and anxiety.A. went byB. went pastC. passed overD. passed through8.____________ he said this, I ignored him.A. In the first timeB. The first timeC. The first time whenD. At the first time when9.Our kids are being teased by other kids at school because we can't dress them _____ the current fashions!A. withB. byC. inD. for10.I hope you won't hesitate and let golden opportunities slip _______ your fingers.A. inB. overC. alongD. through。

英语听力教程第三版[张民伦主编]Unit5MeetPeoplefromaroundtheWorld听力原文

Listen this way 听力教程第三册-5Unit 5 Meet People from around theWorldPart I Getting ready Audioscript:Presenter：Today Selina Kahn is in the arrival area at Gatwick Airport checking out today's topic -- nationalstereotypes. Selina ...Selinar： Thanks, John. I have with me Eric, who's just flown in with Virgin Atlantic from the USA.Eric： That's right. I've just come back from New York. Selinar： Is it as dangerous as they say?Eric： No, New York isn't dangerous, no more than any other big city, especially if you're careful and don'tadvertise the fact that you're a tourist.Selinar： And is it true what they say about New Yorkers, that they're rude, and that they only care about themselves?Eric： Well, I found the people were very friendly. However, they do have a reputation for not caring about otherpeople. I think the reason for this is that life in NewYork is incredibly stressful. People just don't havethe time to think about anybody else. It isn't that theydon't care.Selinar： Is there anything else you noticed about New Yorkers? Eric： Two things I had heard about before I went to New York did seem to be true, though. First is that they arealways talking about money and how much things cost.Secondly, it's that people eat all the time as they goabout their daily lives, you know they "graze on thehoof" as they walk about the streets.Selinar： Thanks Eric, and now I have with me, Sue, who's been to the south of France ...Part II New Icelanders Audioscript:New Zealand is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean about 1 200 miles southeast of Australia. It has about 2 575 000 people. Two thirds live on the North Islands, and one thirdon the larger South Island. Most of them are of British descent. Almost everyone in New Zealand knows how to read and write. The government provides free education for children from ages3 to 19. Education is compulsory for children between the ages of 7 and 15, but most enter school by the age of 5. Young children who live far from schools belong to the Government Correspondence School and listen to daily school broadcasts on the radio.New Zealanders enjoy one of the highest standards of livingin the world. There are no people of great wealth, but povertyis practically unknown. The majority of families live inone-story wooden homes. Most families have an automobile, and many have modern home appliances. Because the country is a major producer of sheep and dairy products, meat and butter form a larger share of the diet than is common in other countries. The people are among the world's greatest tea drinkers.Many of the books, magazines, and movies in New Zealand come from the United Kingdom or the United States. But the number of books published in the country is growing rapidly. Musical and theatrical groups come from Europe and North America to perform. The larger cities have radio and television stations.The National Symphony Orchestra gives concerts throughout the country, and there are also opera and ballet companies. New Zealanders enjoy the outdoors, and people of all ages take part in sports. Favorite holiday activities are camping, boating, hunting and fishing. Horse racing draws large crowds to racetracks. Rugby football is a national game. Other team sports are soccer, cricket, basketball, and field hockey. Statements：1. New Zealand is about 1 400 miles from Australia.2. More people live on the larger South Island than the North Island in New Zealand.3. Most New Zealanders are of British origin.4. Children in New Zealand usually go to school at the age of5.5. Not many New Zealanders have their own cars.6. New Zealanders are fond of drinking a lot of tea.Part III What do you think ofBritain？Audioscript: ?Paul comes from Jamaica.Interviewer： What do you think of English food?Paul： English food -- right now, I can enjoy it, but when I first came up from the West Indies, I found it ratherdistasteful, rather boring, no flavor, no taste. Interviewer： What do you think of the English weather? Paul： The English weather -- I do not think there are enough adjectives to describe (it) -- miserable, cold, damp,changeable, depressing. I think bleak is the best word. Interviewer： Now what do you think about English people and their way of life?Paul： The older generation of English people are really snobbish -- the snob-nosed English. But the youth ofEngland today -- they're really alive, you know,they're more vibrant, on fire, alive. They are muchmore free than their parents, crazy! Cindy comes fromLos Angeles.Interviewer： What do you think of the English weather? Cindy： Well, it's rather cloudy and depressing. I get tired of all these "sunny intervals." There's not enoughsunshine. Other than that, it's all right. It's not toocold, nor too warm.Interviewer： And have you had much opportunity to eat English food?Cindy： Yes, I avoid it, because it's dull. I think it's dull.And I think the English eat a lot of sweets and greasyfood like chips.Interviewer： And what about the English way of life? What do you think of that?Cindy： Well, it's certainly more relaxed, but I think that the English people are -- tend to be -- difficult toget to know. They're reserved. The cities are safer andI also think they're much cleaner than the Americancities, which makes it much more pleasant to live there.Usha comes from Madras, in India.Interviewer： Would you like to tell me what you think of the English weather? Usha： Well, the English weather isvery changeable, but it's OK. Well, I like spring andautumn best. I think they are the loveliest time of theyear.Interviewer： And what about English food? What do you think of that?Usha：Well, English food is healthy. But I wouldn't liketo have it every day. It's rather ... I wouldn't saydull -- but too bland for my taste.Interviewer： And what about English people? How have you found them? Usha： Well, in the beginning, they are ratherreserved, but once you get to know them, they are veryfriendly, and I've got many English friends now inEngland.Interviewer： And how have you found the English way of life?Usha：Well, city life is fast of course everywhere, butI like the countryside very much. I like it very much,yes. Spiro comes from Salonika, in Greece. Interviewer： You've lived in England for about seven years.What do you think of English weather?Spiro：Well, I think the English winter is very depressing at times, especially when it drizzles all the time, andalso the other thing that makes it depressing is thelong nights. It gets dark very early and you wake upand it's pitch black again, and so you go to work andit's very dark and you come home and it's dark again.But in the summer, I think, when the sun's shining, it'svery pleasant indeed, with green parks, trees, verypleasant.Interviewer： And what about English food? What do you think of that?Spiro：Well, I think it's ... English food is all right, but there's a very limited selection of dishes. It's mostlyroast and -- offhand -- there's only about fivetypically English dishes I can think of, whereascompare that to Greek food, there's an enormousselection of dishes one could cook. Interviewer：Andwhat do you think of the English people?Spiro： I find them very reserved, but it seems that when you get to know them, they're quite friendly and sincere.But it usually takes some time to actually open anEnglish person up -- if you like.Interviewer： And what do you think of the English way of life?Spiro： Pretty awful, actually. It's the speed of life really that I find rather tiring.Part IV More about the topic: Native People of AlaskaAudioscript:When the Russian discovered Alaska in 1741, they found it occupied by three groups of native peoples -- Eskimos, Aleuts, and Indians. Descendants of these natives still live in Alaska.Most scientists think that the native peoples migrated originally from Asia to North America, not all at once but in wave after wave over thousands of years. Probably the last to enter Alaska were the ancestors of the northern Eskimos.Eskimos Of the different groups of native peoples, the Eskimos are the most numerous. From earliest times the Eskimos depended upon sea mammals, fish, and caribou for their living. In the 1890's reindeer were brought from Siberia to start herds as an additional means of livelihood.Many Eskimos now live in frame houses heated by fuel oil, but they once lived in sod and driftwood huts heated byseal-oil lamps. They did not build snow ig100s, as some of the Canadian Eskimos still do, except for emergency shelter.The Eskimos are superb hunters. They are an energetic people who have long been known for their ivory carving and other arts and crafts. Their way of life is changing as they find opportunities for schooling and for employment in trades and professions.Aleuts The Aleutian Islands and the Alaska Peninsula are the homelands of the Aleuts. The Aleut language is related to the language of the Eskimos, and yet it is very different. Like the Eskimos, the Aleuts have always depended on the sea for food and other needs. Some of the present-day Aleuts operate fishing boats. Others work in fish canneries. Many Aleuts have Russian names, which go back to the time of the Russian occupation of Alaska.Indians There are two major groups of Indians -- the Indians of the Interior Plateau and the Indians of Southeastern Alaska.The Indians who live in the interior came to Alaska from Canada. Originally they were hunters. Some of them still live by hunting, fishing, and trapping. Others have moved to towns, where they live and work as do other present-day Alaskans.The Indians of Southeastern Alaska are sometimes known as the maritime Indians, or Indians who live near the sea. Theyhave been in Alaska for hundreds of years. Carving and basket making are among the crafts of the maritime Indians. They are known for their totem poles. From earliest times they depended on fish, especially salmon, for their living. Today they are efficient business people who operate commercial fishing boats and canneries. They also follow other occupations such as logging, shopkeeping, and working in government offices.Part V Do you know ...? Audioscript:Dan Cruickshank：I'm at Cuiaba in the western Brazil -- and I'm about to fly, go by car, and by boat, around 750kilometres into the Amazon rainforest to find my livingtreasure. My treasure's not an ancient artifact, butsomething very special that continues to be created andused by people deep in the rainforest.After several hours, we cross the threshold into whatremains of the rainforest. It's been fenced off and isnow protected by the Brazilian government. I head downthe Warema River, a tributary of the Amazon, towardsmy treasure. It's an unbelievably beautiful work of art,created by a tribe called the Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa).Excellent reception committee. Wonder who I approach. Hello.That is what I've come to see -- the headdress. My most colourful of treasures is a symbol of the Amazon and an object of immense importance to these people. Here we go.Oh my god. Wow. I expected one, maybe two, umahara, but a whole hut full. Beautiful objects, beautifully made, but more to the point, they're full of meaning to these people. They celebrate their culture, their aspirations, their religion. And made from human hair, parrot feathers. Ah, absolutely wonderful. The umahara headdress is worn with great pride by the Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people. It's the emblem of an endangered culture. It once played a key role in war ceremonies and is still used in dance rituals. This dance takes place every day for 90 days after the first of June. It's a celebration of birth and all things new. During the dance wives have the right to ask favours of their husbands, who are obliged to grant them.After the dance, I talk to members of the tribe about the headdress and how it's made.Can I ask what it -- what it means to them today, theumahara headdress?Interpreter：He says the umahara represents a great richness in their own culture. And for their future. For theirfuture, they shouldn't stop creating it and using itfor their own use.Dan Cruickshank： Represents their sense of identity really. Interpreter：It represents the identity of the Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people.Dan Cruickshank： So we've got feathers from parrots and -- and female hair. That -- that is correct, is it...really? On -- onto --Interpreter： This is from the -- a Marella clan.Dan Cruickshank： Yes, there is the hair.It's all rather perplexing. To preserve theirtraditions, the Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) have to make theumahara headdresses. Yet in so doing, they must killprotected bird species for their feathers. While thefaces and bodies of the men and women are brightlypainted in the traditional way, they sport natty shorts and bikini tops. Bit by bit, the Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) are being drawn into the modern world, whether they like it or not. As evening approaches, preparations are being made for supper. A rather tasty feast awaits me. This all brings back very deep memories. The family halls scattered round about the compound, the main hall where the communal ceremonies take place -- the people gathered round the fire at night eating. The fields round about. It's like an Anglo-Saxon village in England a couple of hundred years ago. It's like meeting one's ancestors coming back here. Statements:1. The Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people live in Brazil.2. The headdress is made from parrot feathers and male hair.3. The headdress is now used in dance rituals to celebrate birth and all things new.4. The dance takes place every day in June.5. During the dance, husbands cannot refuse favors asked by their wives.6. The Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people do not like themodern way of life.Part VII Watch and enjoy Videoscript:Narrator：It looks like a paradise, but it is in fact the most treacherous desert in the world：the Kalahari. After the short rainy season, there are many water holes, and even rivers. But after a few weeks, the water sinks away into the deep Kalahari sand. The water holes dry up, and the rivers stop flowing. The grass fades to a beautiful blond color that offers excellent grazing for the animals. But for the next nine months, there'll be no water to drink. So most of the animals move away, leaving the beautiful blond grass uneaten. Humans avoid the deep Kalahri like the plague because man must have water to live. So the beautiful landscapes are devoid of people, except for the little people of the Kalahari. Pretty, dainty, small and graceful, the Bushmen. Where any other person would die of thirst in a few days, they live quite contentedly in this desert that doesn't look like a desert. They know where to dig for roots and bulbs and tubers and which berries and pods are good to eat. And of course they know what to do about water.For instance, in the early morning, you can collect dewdrops from leaves that were carefully laid out the previous evening. Or a plume of grass can be a reservoir. And if you have the know-how, an insignificant clump of twigs can tell you where to dig, then you come to light with an enormous tuber. You scrape shavings off it with a stick that is split for a sharp edge. You take a handful of the shavings, point your thumb at your mouth and squeeze. They must be the most contented people in the world. They have no crime, no punishment, no violence, no laws, no police, judges, rulers or bosses. They believe that the gods put only good and useful things on the earth for them to use. In this world of theirs, nothing is bad or evil. Even a poisonous snake is not bad. You just have to keep away from the sharp end. Actually, a snake is very good. In fact, it's delicious and the skin makes a fine pouch. They live in the vastness of the Kalahari in small family groups.One family of Bushmen might meet up with another family once in a few years. But for the most part, they live in complete isolation, quite unaware that there are other people in the world. In the deep Kalahari, there are Bushmen who have never seen or heard of civilized man. Sometimes they hear a thundering sound when there are no clouds in the sky, and theyassume that the gods have eaten too much again and their rummies are rumbling up there. Sometimes they can even see the evidence of the gods' flatulence. Their language has an idiosyncrasy of its own. It seems to consist mainly of clicking sounds. They are very gentle people. They'll never punish a child or even speak harshly to it. So of course their kids are extremely well-behaved. And their games are cute and inventive. When the family needs meat, the hunter dips his tiny arrow in a brew that acts as a tranquilizer. So when he shoots a buck, it only feels a sting and the arrow drops out. The buck runs away, but soon it gets very drowsy and it stops running. After a while, it goes to sleep. And the hunter apologizes to his prey. He explains that his family needs the meat. The one characteristic which really makes the Bushmen different from all the other races on earth is the fact that they have no sense of ownership at all. Where they live, there's really nothing you can own. Only trees and grass and animals. In fact these Bushmen have never seen a stone or a rock in their lives. The hardest things they know are wood and bone. They live in a gentle world, where nothing is as hard as rock, or steel or concrete.。

英语听力教程第三版(张民伦主编)Unit1TheEarthatRisk听力原文

Unit 1 The Earth at RiskPart I Getting readyenvironment:环境natural :自然globe：地球protecting：保护attempt：尝试，打算，企图Amazon /'氏n/：亚马逊cut down :砍伐burning :烧荒tree removal：砍树The World Wildlife Fund :世界野生动物基金会rain forest:雨林towels：毛巾nylon：尼伦，化纤defrost:去霜boil away：煮干cut out:关掉full load :满载fridge：冰箱lighting：灯（光）iron：熨斗；熨（衣服）Rough-dry :晾干（不熨）kettle：烧水壶thermostat:恒温（设置）器brim :壶口；注满wall fire :壁炉ring：（烧烤）环grill:烧烤架satellite：卫星The environment is the natural world of land, sea, air, plants, and animals that exists around towns and cities ・ Since there is only one globe where we're living, more and more people have come to realize the importance of protecting the total global environment.A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit ・Listen carefully and study the definitions ・1. vicious circle a set of events in which cause and effect'follow each other in a circular pattern2. monsoon season the seas on of heavy rains that fall in In dia and neighboring countries3. hygiene the study and practice of how to keep good health, esp. by pay ing atte nti on to clea nli ness4. accelerate (cause to) move or go faster5. fossil fuel any n aturally occurri ng carb on or hydrocarb on fuel, such as coal, petroleum, peat, and n atural gas, formed by the decomposition of prehistoric organisms6. latitude：a measure of relative position north or south on the Earth's surface, measured in degrees from the equator, which has a latitude of 0 , withthe poles having a latitude of 90 north and ° south.7. contamination：the act of polluting or the state of being polluted8. hierarchy：a system in which people or things are arranged accord ing to their importa nee9. priority : something given special or prior attention10. watershed: a ridge of high ground forming a divide between two differe nt dra in age bas ins or river systems or the regi on en closed by such a divide and draining into a river, river system, or other body ofwater.B You are going to hear a short speech. Liste n carefully and write dow n the en vir onmen tal issues men ti oned in the speech.burning of the forests/tree removal (deforestation)/reduction of the world's rain forestsAudioscript:The Amaz on forests are disappear ing because of in creased bur ning and tree removal. In September, satellite pictures showed more than 20 000 fires burning in the Amazon. Experts say most of these fires were set by farmers. The farmers were attempt ing to clear land to grow crops. The World Wildlife Fund says ano ther serious problem is that too many trees in the Amazon rain forest are being cut down. World Wildlife Fund says the fires show the n eed for urge nt in ter nati onal acti on to protect the world's rai n forests. The group warns that without such acti on some forests could be lost forever.Nowadays energy is too expensive to waste ・ It costs the country, and you, too much ・ What have you done to conserve existing energy resources? Here are some tips to help you slim yourwaste —save energ y. Always remember that energy sense is common sense.C Now listen to some simple tips to help you save energy.Complete the dos and don'tsAudioscript:• Don't attempt to iron everythi ng. Roug-dry your towels and nylon things. Trust the thermostat on your iron—don't turn it up too high.•Don't leave the kettle to boil away. And don't fill it to the brim for only a cup of tea!•Cut out unnecessary lighting. Every little helps.•Save it on hating. Do without a wall-fire if you can.•Defrost the fridge regularly. Ice buildup wastes fuel. Don't put hot food in either —if you do, the fridge has to work overtime.•It makes energy sense to wait until you've a full load before using your washi ng machi ne.•Cook a complete meal in the oven and save it on the rings and grill. Roast chicke n, veg, and baked sweet to follow?It all adds up. The more en ergy you save, the more money you save. That's good housekeep ing!When we listen to the weather forecasts, we often come across some terms related with the weather. For example, what is a cyclone? What is a hurricane? Are they the same? Here is the explanation ・D Listen to the explanation about different weather terms ・Complete the information in the chart ・Major ocean storms in the northern part of the world usually develop in late summer or autu mn over waters n ear the equator. They are known by several differe nt n ames. Scie ntists call these storms cycl ones whe n they happe n just north or south of the equator in the Indian Ocean. In the western Pacific Ocean or the China Sea, these storms are called typhoons. In the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, they are called hurrica nes.Part II The Earth at Risk (I) chopped down 砍倒nutrients :养分，养料instantly:立即，马上recycled: 回收利用clear-cut：砍光soil：土壤dries up：（晒）干washes the soil away 把土壤冲走document aries：纪录片expand :扩展continent:大陆at risk:有危险stabilize：（使）稳定impact：冲击，撞击；影响at an alarming rate:以惊人的速度blow away:吹掉the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠（非洲北部）unproductive：不毛的；没有产物的cut down :砍伐consequently 所以，因此匕available：可获得的Mali :马里grasslands 草原intensive 集约的；加强的agriculture :农业intensive agriculture 集约农业region :地区tropical :热带ranches：大牧场cattle：牛，牲口；畜生be raised 饲养export :出口tinned meat :罐头肉Brazil :巴西the size of Britain and France combined 大小是英法两国合起来jungle :丛林an iron ore mine：铁矿hardwood :硬木luxury furniture : 豪华家具domestic animals 家畜firewood :柴火;劈柴vicious circle 恶性循环make way for : 让路convert:（使）转变plant species植物物种rare plant :珍稀植物rainfall :降雨extinct：灭绝的；绝种的carbon dioxide 二氧化碳oxygen：氧century :世纪interview :采访Do you know what happens to a rain forest when the trees are chopped down? About 80% of the rain forests nutrients come from trees and plants ・ That leaves 20% of the nutrients in the soil ・ The nutrients from the leaves that fall are instantly recycled back into the plants and trees ・ When a rain forest is clear-cut, conditions change very quickl y. The soil dries up in the sun ・ When it rains, it washes the soil away.A Listen to the first part of an interview ・ Note down the key words in the notes column ・ Then answer the questions ・Questi ons:1. What is the vicious circle mentioned by Brian Cowles?More people>・ more firewood> fewer trees{ More domestic animals—> more plants—> fewer available plants}—>more desert—> move south—>desert expanding south- > no grass2. Why is the rain so important to soil?Growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows awa y. But if there isn't enough rain the crops don't grow ・3. What are some of the reas ons that tropical forests are being cut dow n?People try to grow food to support themselves or to create ranches where cattle can be raised, or to get hardwood for export, or to make way for mines ・Audioscript:I —In terviewer B —Bria n CowlesI: Bria n Cowles is the producer of a new series of documen t aries called "The Earth at Risk" which can be seen onChannel 4 later this mon th. Each program deals with a differe ntcon ti nent, does n't it, Brian?B:That's right. We went to America, both North and South and then we went over to Africa and Southeast Asia.I: And what did you find in each of these continents?B:Starting with Africa, our film shows the impact of the population on the en vironment. Gen erally speaki ng, this has caused theSahara Desert to expand. It's a bit of a vicious circle we find.People cut dow n trees for firewood and their domestic ani malseat all the available pla nts— and so con seque ntly they have to move south as the Sahara Desert expa nds further south. I mean, soon the whole of Mali will become a desert. And in East Africa:here the grassla nds are support ing too many ani mals and theresult is, of course, there's no gras—nothing for the ani mals toeat.I: I see. And the next film deals with North America?B:That's right. In the USA, as you know, intensive agriculture requiresa ple ntiful supply of rain for these crops to grow, I mea n if thereisn't eno ugh rai n the crops don't grow. And growing cropsstabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. This is also true for any region that is intenselyfarmed —most of Europe, for example.I: And what did you find in South America?B:l n South America (as in Cen tral Africa and Souther n Asia) tropical forests are being cut dow n at an alarmi ng rate. This is done sothat people can support themselves by grow ing food or to create ran ches where cattle can be raised to be exported to Europe or America as tinned meat. The problem is that the soil is so poorthat only a couple of harvests are possible before this very thin soil becomes exhausted. And it can't be fed with fertilizers likeagricultural la nd in Europe.For example, in Brazil in 1982 an area of j un gle the size ofBrita in and France comb ined was destroyed to make way for an iron ore mine. Huge nu mbers of trees are being cut dow n forexport as hardwood to Japa n, Europe, USA to make thi ngs like luxury furniture. These forests can't be replaced- the forest soil is thi n and un productive and in just a few years, a jun gle hasbecome a waste land. Tropical forests con ta in rare pla nts (which we can use for medic in es, for example) and an imal—one animal or pla nt species becomes ext inct every half hour. Theseforest trees also have worldwide effects. You know, they convert carb on dioxide into oxyge n. The con seque nee ofdestroying forests is not only that the climate of that region cha nges (because there is less rain fall) but this cha nge affects the whole world. I mean, over half the world's rain forest has bee n cut dow n this cen tury (20th cen tury).B Now try this: liste n to a more authe ntic vers ion of the first part of the in terview. Complete the outli ne.Outline (1)I. En vir onmen tal problems in differe nt continentsA. Africa1. Sahara Desert expa nsion2. no grass for animals to eat (East Africa)B. North America & most of Europe1. situati on —in te nsive farmi ng/agriculture2. pote ntial problem —top soil blowing awayC. South America, Cen tral Africa & Souther n Asia1. problem —tropical forests destruction2. consequencesa. soil —> thi n —> un productive —>wastela ndb. animal/plant species becoming extinctc. climate change for the whole world Audioscript:I —In terviewer B —Bria n CowlesI: Bria n Cowles is the producer of a new series of documen t aries called "The Earth at Risk" which can be seen onChannel 4 later this mon th. Each program deals with a differe nt con ti nent, does n't it, Brian?B:That's right, yes, we went to ... er ... we went to America, both North and South and the n we went over to Africa and Southeast Asia.I: And what did you find in each of these continents?B:Well ... er ... start ing with ... er ... Africa, our film shows the impact of the populati on on the en vironment. Gen erally speak ing, this has caused the Sahara Desert to expa nd. It's a bit of a vicious circle ... er ... we find, people cut dow n trees forfirewood and their domestic animals eat all the available plants —and so con seque ntly they have to move south as the SaharaDesert expa nds further south. I mean, soon the whole of Mali will become a desert. And ... er ... i n East Africa: here the grassla nds are support ing too many ani mals and the result is, of course,there's no gras—nothing for the ani mals to eat.I: Mm, yes, I see. Um ... and the ... the next film deals with North America?B:That's right. I n the ... er ... USA, as you know, inten sive agriculture requires a plentiful supply of rain for these crops to grow, I mean if there isn't eno ugh rain the crops don't grow. And growing cropsstabilize soil, without them the top soil just... it just blows away. I mean, this is also true for any regi on that is in te nsely farmed—most of Europe, for example.I: And what did you find in South America?B:I n South America (a ... as in Cen tral Africa and Souther n Asia) tropical forests are being cut dow n at an alarmi ng rate. Th ... this is done so that people can support themselves by grow ing food or to create ran ches where cattle can be raised to exp ... to beexported to Europe or America as tinned meat. The problem is that the s ... the soil is so poor that ... um ... that only a couple ofharvests are possible before this very thin soil becomesexhausted. And it can't be fed with fertilizers like agricultural land in Europe.Um ... for example, in Brazil in 1982 an area of j un gle the size of Britain and France combined was destroyed to make way for an iron ore min e. I mean, huge nu mbers of trees are being cut dow n for export as hardwood to Japa n, Europe, USA ... I mean ... tomake things like luxury furn iture. These forests can't ... er ... they can't be replace—the forest soil is thin and un productive and in just a few years, a ... a jun gle has become a waste land. Tropical forests con tai n rare pla nts (which ... er ... we can use for medic in es, for example) and an imal—one animal or plant speciesbecomes extinct every half hour.These ... er ... forest trees ... I mean ... also have worldwideeffects. You know, they convert carb on dioxide into oxyge n.The con seque nee of destro ying forests is not only that theclimate of that region changes (because there is less rainfall) but this cha nge affects the whole world. I mean, over half the world's rai n forest has bee n cut dow n this cen tury (20th cen tury).Part III The Earth at Risk (II)agency局，机关Conservation of Nature 自然保护the United Nations Earth Summit:联合国地球峰会I i1i I—> Rio de Janeiro/［美］'r^d^ & 'neP u,［英］'r^ ded^ 9 'n\d r d u/：里约热内卢(巴西港市，州名)in tackling :着手处理issues问题man-made : 人造，人为flooding :洪水natural disasters 自然灾害by and large：总的来说，大体而言obviously 明显hurricanes :飓风earthquakes：地震Bangladesh孟加拉共和国Nepal :尼泊尔India :印度Himalayas :喜马拉雅山monsoon season 季风季节the river Ganges /'g 民nd3 iz/ :恒河Sudan:苏丹the Nile:尼罗河Ethiopia /iQ i'^upiB/:埃塞俄比亚terribly :很;非常极非常糟糕地depressing使沮丧;使萧条;使跌价national governments 中央政府forward-looking :有远见的，向前看的policies政策;策略as far ahead as 远至the next election 下届大选on an international basis 在国际上；以国际为基础presumably:据推测；大概;可能;想来As early as in 1984, the United Nations created a special environmental agency, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature ・ In 1992, the United Nations Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro aroused great media interest in tackling difficult global environmental issues ・A Listen to the second part of the interview ・ Note down the key words in the notes column ・ Then answer the questions ・Questi ons:1. Why is some flood ing man-made?Trees would hold rainfall in their roots ・ When forests in the higher up-river have been destroyed by men, all the rain that fallsin the monsoon season flows straight into the river and starts the flooding.2. What does Brian imply when he says the national governments have to be forward-look ing?He implies that some national governments just consider the results of their policies in the near future, or just think as far ahead as the next election.Audioscript:I —In terviewer B —Bria n CowlesI: So, Bria n, would you agree that what we gen erally think of as n atural disasters are in fact man-made?B:Y es, by and large. I mean, obviously not hurrica nes or earthquakes, but take floodi ng, for example. Practically everyyear, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is gettingworse. You know, the cause is that forests have bee n cut dow n up in Nepal and In dia, I mea n, higher u—river in the Himalayas. Trees would hold rain fall in their roots, but if they've bee n cut dow n all the rain that falls in the monsoon seas on flows straight into the river Gan ges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the sam—the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have bee n destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depressing. What is to be done? I mean,can anything be done, in fact?B:Yes, of course it can. First, the national governments have to be forward-look ing and con sider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just thi nk as far ahead as the next electi on.Somehow, all the coun tries in the world have to work together on an intern ati onal basis. Secon dly, the populati on has to be con trolled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make ourfurn iture—it's a luxury people in the West must do without.Softwoods are just as good, less expe nsive and can be produced on en vir onmen t-frie ndly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut dow n.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the con seque nces of their acti ons.B:Y es, of course.I: Well, thank you, Brian.Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the second part of the interview ・ Complete the outline ・Outli ne (II)II. Reas ons for some "n atural" disasters— mai nly man-madeA. flooding in BangladeshB. flood ing in Suda nIII. Action to be takenA. n atio nal gover nments —forward-look ingB. population controlC. stopp ing using hardwood for furniture-maki ngD. educat ing people to realize the con seque ncesAudioscript:I ——In terviewer B ——Bria n CowlesI: So, Bria n, would you agree that what we gen erally thi nk of as ...er ... as er ... n atural disasters are in fact man-made?B:Y es, by and large ... er ... I mean, obviously not hurrica nes or earthquakes, but take floodi ng, for example. I mean, practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is gett ing worse. You know, the cause is that forests have bee n cut dow n up in Nepal and In dia ... I mean ... higher u—river in theHimalayas. Trees ... er ... would hold rain fall in their roots, but ifthey've been cut down all the rain that falls in the monsoon seas on flows straight into the river Gan ges and floods the wholecountry. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same—theforests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have bee n destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depressing. Um ... what is to be done? I mean, can any thi ng be done, in fact?B:Yes, of course it can ... er ... first, the national governments have to be forward-look ing and con sider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, no t just think as far ahead as the n extelection. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an intern ati onal basis. Secon dly, the populati on has to be con trolled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furn iture—it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expe nsive and can be produced on en vir onmen t-frie ndly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut dow n.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the con seque nces ... um ... of their acti ons.B: Yes, yes of course.I: Well, thank you, Brian.Part IV More about the topic:The Effect of Global WarmingIt matters :重要average：平均temperatures :温度Britain's Climate Prediction Center：英国气候预测中心trapped :受限gases气体atmosphere 大气industrial processes 工业过程the earth's surface 地表fossil fuels化石燃料the sea level 海平面ice caps 冰顶melt :融化latitudes :纬度lower/higher latitude：高/低纬度equator :赤道drought :干旱Hygiene :卫生，卫生学；保健法insects 昆虫bacteria :细菌expect期待includes：包括distribution :分配，分布infective agents 传染媒heat-related food poisoning与热有关的食物中毒contamination :污染;弄脏;毒害;玷污diarrhea :腹泻sensitively敏感地；易受伤害地；易生气地;慎重地worldwide：世界范围；全世界economies 经济politicians：政客；政治家put stress on 强调warming :变暖potential：潜在的，有可能的global warming :全球变暖accelerate 力口速poles：（地）极take action :采取行动decline：下降environmental refugee 环境难民The world is getting warmer. It matters because it changes a lot of things to do with our everyday life ・ We can also say because the Earth is warming up we could simply not have enough to eat. Do you know what some of the effects of global warming are? Listen to the material. Complete the outline.Outli neI. Wanning up of the worldA. average temperatureB. yearly in creaseII. Causes of global warm ingIII. Effects of global warmingA. great cha nges in rain fallB. rise in the sea levelC. reduced pote ntial for food producti onD. health and social problems1. en viro nmen tal refugees2. cha nge of patter ns of distributio n of in sectsand in fective age nts3. change of patterns of heat-related foodpoisoning, etc.IV. Time to take acti onAudioscript:The world is warm ing up. We know this because average temperatures are the highest si nee scie ntists started measuri ng them 600 years ago. The in crease is about 0.2C every year. This may seem very slight, but we know that slight cha nges in temperature can have a big effect on other thi ngs. Most scie ntists now believe this global warmi ng is due to huma n activity.Jeff Jenkins is head of Britain's Climate Prediction Center. He expla ins how global warm ing can happe n."Sunlight strikes the earth and warms it up. At the same time heat leaves the earth, but part of that is trapped by carb on dioxide and other gases in the earth's atmosphere. That has bee n happe ning eversi nce the earth was formed. But the fear is that in creas ing amounts of carb on dioxide produced by in dustrial processes and transport and so on will lead to a greater warming of the earth's surface. So that's the global warm ing that people are concerned about."People are most concerned about the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are oil, coal, wood and so on. When these bur n, they produce the gas carb on dioxide. Many scie ntists agree that an in crease in the amount of carb on dioxide and some of the gases in the atmosphere will in crease the amount of warm ing. Computers are being used to predict what this may mea n. They showed that there could be great cha nges in rain fall and the rise in the sea level as ice caps in the north and south poles melt. This could have a serious effect on agriculture according to Prof. Martin Perry of University College in London. He says it could become more difficult to grow food in the tropics at lower latitudes n earer to the equator."The most clear pattern emerging is the possibility of reduced pote ntial producti on in lower latitude regi ons, and most gen erally speak in g, in creased pote ntial in higher latitude regi ons. Lower latitude regi ons are already warm, to put it extremely simply, and plants there are quite near their limits of heat and drought stress. An in crease in temperature or reducti on in moisture would place limits oncrop growth."Woman: Global warmi ng could reduce food producti on in lower latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm. Global warm ing could put more stress on pla nts and place limits oncrop growth.Food production is only one area that could be affected. There could also be health and social problems. Prof. Antony McMichael of the London School of Hygie ne and Tropical Medic ine believes that some rural areas are already sufferi ng. And the in sects and bacteria could spread disease more easily."Already a nu mber of rural populatio ns around the world are sufferi ng from the decli ne of agricultural systems. Climatic cha nge would add to this. And we would expect that it would accelerate the flood of environmental refugees around the world. But it includes not just the food producti on systems, but the patter ns of distributi on of the in sects and in fective age nts aro und the world. It in cludes likely effects on patter ns of heat-related food pois oning, water contamination and diarrhea diseases, lots of things like this that would resp ond very sen sitively to cha nges in climate."Woman: Global warmi ng could affect the distributi on of in sects.Global warmi ng could cha nge patter ns of heat-related food poisoning.Many coun tries now agree that someth ing must be done to reduce the dan ger of global warm ing. But a worldwide agreeme nt on loweri ng the producti on of carb on dioxide has bee n difficult to reach. This is because many econo mies depe nd on fossil fuels like oil. Scientists believe it's now the politicians in every region of the world who n eed to take acti on.Part V Do you know …？composed o：组成broad-leaved trees 阔叶树tropical regions：热带awareness 知道diminish：丫肖失Indonesia：印尼humid :潮湿的variation :变化，变动see・・・as看作hierarchy：分层，层次；等级制度;统治集团as far as：只要;远到…;据…;直到…为止campaigning organization 活动的组织（者）in different ways :不同方式in different types：不同型号make changes 变更a critical period :养分阶段in terms of:依据；按照；在…方面；以…措词depend on 依靠flexibility:柔韧性，机动性，灵活性；伸缩性;可塑度;柔度and so on 等等write off：流利地写下；损失掉;毁掉；结束掉priority :优先，优先权；（时间，序上的）先，前at international level：国际水平livelihood：生活，生计；谋生之道；营生prime:最好的;首要的;最初的;基本的watersheds流域;分水岭（watershed的名词复数）;分水线;转折点八、、the biological richness 生物多样性a genetic treasure chest 遗传的宝藏climatic patterns：气候型tribal people：部落，部族，土著民Rain forests are generally composed of tall, broad-leaved trees and usually found in wet tropical regions around the equator. Despite increased awareness of the rainforests' importance during the late 20th century, they continue to diminish ・ Rainforests grow mainly in South and Central America, West and Central Africa, Indonesia, parts of Southeast Asia, and tropical Australia, where the climate is relatively humid with nomarked seasonal variation ・Listen to the interview ・ Complete the outline ・Outli neI. The most important environmental issuesA. difficult to make a hierarchy of worryB. rai n forests concen trated on most by thecampaig ning orga ni zati onII. Importance of rain forestsA coun tries depe nding on theme.g. people depe nding on them for their livelihood andthe quality of their en vir onmentB. the biological richness of the rain forestse.g. more tha n 60% of the world's species found in therain forestsC. impact on climatic patternsAudioscript:A: About big intern atio nal issues: what do you see as the most importa nt en vir onmen tal issues of the mome nt?B:It's quite difficult to make a kind of hierarchy of worry here, because so many issues are there, and so ... and they're all veryvery importa nt. But I thi nk it has to be said that as far as wewe're concern ed, as a campaig ning orga ni zatio n, it really is the ra in forest that we are concen trat ing on most. If we don't take acti on on that issue with in the n ext five years, the nen vir onmen tal pressure groups won't have any thi ng to do inten years' time, because there won't be any rai n forests, really, for them to campaign about. So this is a critical period for the rainforests, the n ext five years, and there is eno ugh flexibility in the system to allow us to hope that we're going to be able to makesome changes during that time. So that's why we've made it ourpriority.A:What's so important about the rain forests, then? Er, what's, what's the differe nee betwee n hav ing them or not hav ing them? Isn't it just, you know, basically either there are a lot of trees there orthere aren't a lot of trees there?B:Uhh ... well that's what some people would like to thi nk. Um, there, it's importa nt in many differe nt ways, importa nt firstly for thecountries themselves, in terms of the fact that millions of peopledepe nd on the rain forests for their livelihood, and for their ... the quality of their en viro nment, through the protecti on ofwatersheds, and so on. Secon dly, they're importa nt becauseof the biological richness of the rain forests. Um, a genetic。

英语听力教育教案第三版(张民伦主编)Unit4HaveaNiceTrip听力原文

Listen this way 听力教程第三册-4Unit 4 Have a Nice TripPart I Getting ready Audioscript: ★ Australia is the world's largest island and its smallest continent. Its total area of 3 000 000 square miles is about the same as that of the continental United States (excluding Alaska).★ The area of Nepal is about 54 000 square miles. Within its borders are five of the world's highest peaks.★ Switzerland is a small, landlocked country, 15 944 square miles in area. It's bordered by France, Austria, and Italy.★ More than 20 000 000 people live in Argentine. About 97 percent are of European stock. Most Argentines live on the eastern plains. Fewer than 19% live in the dry western and northwestern provinces. ★ Austria is 32 376 square miles in area. This makes it twice the size of neighboring Switzerland. There are about 7 150 000 people living in Austria. More than one third of the people live in or near Vienna, the capital city.★ Colombia is the only country in South America with a coastline on both sides of the continent. It is a big country with an area of 439 828 square miles and about 16 300 000 persons live in Colombia.★ Saudi Arabia's area is estimated to be about 830 000 square miles.Almost all of Saudi Arabia's 7 000 000 people are Arabs. Today Saudi Arabia's vast oil resources are paying for the modernization of the country. Conditions there are changing more rapidly than they have for centuries.★ Denmark proper has an area of only 16 575 square miles. It is the smallest of the Scandinavian countries -- Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. But Denmark's population of over 4 600 000 is greater than that of Norway and more than half that of Sweden.Part II CanadaAudioscript:Thank you for calling the Daily News Information line on Canada.Canada is a huge country, second in size only to the former Soviet Union. Yet it has only 26 million people, which is less than half the population of the United Kingdom. It extends from the Great Lakes in the south to the majestic Rocky Mountains in the west, and the bleak Arctic Islands in the far north. A third of the country is covered by forest and there are also vast grasslands and countless lakes and rivers.There are great variations in climate. Winters are extremely cold except in Vancouver which has a milder climate owing to its location on the west coast, so take a heavy overcoat and a fur hat. Canadiansummers are warm on the whole, especially inland, so you'll only need lightweight clothing.A quarter of all Canadians, mainly those living in the province of Quebec in the east, speak French as their first language. In addition, there are half a million American Indians, a million Germans and smaller numbers of Italians, Ukranians and Inuit. Canada has two official languages: English and French, except in the province of Quebec where French alone is the official language. You'll find English spoken virtually everywhere apart from Quebec and if you plan to visit Quebec City, you'll definitely need a French phrasebook if you don't speak French.Eating out is a pleasure in Canada and you'll find restaurants, coffee shops and snack bars to suit every pocket. Menus offer a wide choice with excellent seafood like Pacific salmon, lobsters and clams, meat dishes including moose steaks and beefsteaks, and also a range of ethnic foods. For the sweet course, the specialty/speciality is waffles, a kind of thick pancake, served with maple syrup. Beer is good but foreign wines, even those from neighboring America, tend to be quite dear and local wines are not particularly good.Canada has some of the world's most modern shopping centers. Clothes tend to be slightly expensive by European standards but thereare some bargains to be had. Good buys include moccasins, a kind of soft leather shoe made by Indians, woolen gloves and sweaters, wood carvings, leather goods and maple syrup, of course.The unit of currency is the Canadian dollar. Banking hours are from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Monday to Thursday and till later on Fridays.Have a good trip, and thank you for calling the information line. Part III Travelling around Australia Audioscript:Nancy: Oh, David, hi! You know, I've been meaning to talk to you. I'm planning a trip to Australia, and I wonder if you could give mesome advice.David: Sure! What... what do you want to know?Nancy: Well, I thought I'd start my trip in Sydney. What should I see there?David: Well, the most important thing to see, of course, is the harbor, which is the most beautiful in the world.Nancy: Oh, right. Do they have boat trips?David: Yeah, of course, they do. They have wonderful boat trips! The one ... the one that I recommend particularly is ... is a triparound Have a Nice Trip the harbor in an old sailing ship. Nancy: Oh, that sounds like lots of fun!David: Yeah. And, of course, then there's the Sydney Opera House, which ... which everyone knows about. And, uh, you can see ...see wonderful things there ... concerts and opera and theater. Nancy: Oh, I definitely want to go there! Now what about places to stay? Can you recommend some place inexpensive?David: Yeah, let me see ... Probably, of course, you know I don't stay in these places, but probably the most inexpensive placewould be ... would be a backpacker's hotel. There are lots ofthose.Nancy: OK, thanks. That sounds good. Uh, where should I go after Sydney?David: After Sydney, let's see ... I'd recommend that you travel up the coast to the Great Barrier Reef, which is in North Queensland. Nancy: Right. I've heard a lot about it! But what is there to do there?David: Well, you can go scuba diving and see the coral reef and the tropical fish up close ...Nancy: You know I don't like to get wet.David: Well, there ... there're always ... always these glass-bottom boats you can ... you can travel on. They're ... they're fabulous!Yeah, and, uh, there're ... there are literally hundreds of islandsyou can explore.Nancy: Wow! And are there places to stay?David: Yeah, sure. If you want to spend lots of money, you can stay at one of these fabulous resort hotels or, if you want to ... want todo it on the cheap, you can ... you can go to a guesthouse,which are much cheaper.Nancy: Right. That sounds good. Well, what next?David: Next, well, I guess you should ... should go inland to ... to Ayers Rock in Uluru National Park.Nancy: Ayers Rock? What is that? How do you spell it?David: It's ... it's Ayers Rock. It's ... it's spelled ... let's see, A-Y-E-R-S.It's the largest rock in the world! You must know about it!Nancy: No kidding! No, I've never heard of it! What do you do when you visit it?David: Well, it's mainly hiking and trekking. You can ... you can walk right round the base of it if you like. [Huh!] It takes about ...it's ... it's about five and a half miles, I guess, but [Wow!] it'sreally well worth it. And, uh, there are cave paintings in therock, and the colors of the rock ... at... at sunrise and sunset...are just fabulous!Nancy: Sounds like I should bring my camera!David: You sure should! Finally, let's see, I guess you should travel ...travel north to visit the Kakadu National Park.Nancy: Kakadu? How do you spell that?David: K-A-K-A-D-U. It's ... it's a tropical forest where you can go hiking and see all sorts of wildlife ...Nancy: Oh?David: Oh, and there are some beautiful waterfalls there as well. Nancy: And do they allow camping there?David: Yeah, there are lots and lots of campsites. The only thing is that you've got to watch out for the crocodiles!Nancy: Ugh! Well, David, thanks a lot! You've been a big help! David: No problem.Nancy: I can't wait to go!Statements:1. When David was in Sydney, he didn't stay there for night.2. The Great Barrier Reef is in South Queensland in Australia.3. From what Nancy says, one can know that she is fond of swimming.4. In Uluru National Park, Nancy can see the largest rock in the world.5. If Nancy likes to walk around the base of the rock, she has to walk about five miles.6. Nancy will bring her camera with her when she travels in Australia.7. There are no crocodiles in the tropical forest in Australia.Part IV More about the topic:The story of Denver Audioscript: :Denver is the largest city and the capital of the western state of Colorado. There's a marker on the step in the State Capitol Building.Standing there, you are exactly 1.6 kilometers above sea level, one mile high. Denver is known as "the-mile-high city", but it does not appear to be that high. This is because it is built almost completely on smooth flat land. Denver is the largest city of the Rocky Mountains. Many people believe it is actually in the Rocky Mountains. However, it is about 50 kilometers east of them.The city of Denver has a population of about 470 000 people. This makes it the 26th largest city in the United States. The area around Denver has more than 1 600 000 people. City officials are proud of the fact that Denver receives more than 300 days of sunshine a year. Storms moving east across the country lose much of their strength in the Rockies. So Denver gets only about 3 5 centimeters of rain and snow a year. The nearby mountains, however, get a lot more than that.Denver is the business and marketing center for all the Rocky Mountain area. It has more than 1 500 manufacturing companies. Food processing is the main manufacturing activity. Other factories make equipment for the defense, space, high technology and transportation industries. Gold production is also important. Denver is home to companies that control half the gold produced in the United States.The computer and communications industries have become increasingly important in recent years. Denver has the third highestnumber of high technology jobs in relation to the population. The area also has become a center for companies that do business in other countries. This is true throughout the western states. In fact, more jobs in the American west are linked to foreign trade than in any other part of the country.Tourism is also an important industry in Denver. For example, the Colorado History Museum shows the history of the native American Indians, gold miners and other people who moved to Colorado. The Denver Museum of Natural History shows Indian objects and examples of local wildlife. Many visitors to Colorado and the Rocky Mountains use Denver's new international airport, which opened in 1995. It was the first major new airport built in the United States in 21 years. It cost almost 5 000 million dollars. It is the largest airport in North America, almost 90 000 passengers land at Denver International Airport each day.There is a lot to see and do in Denver. The State Capitol Building is in the center of the city. The top is covered with more than 500 g of gold. On a clear day, a visitor to the Capitol can see for a distance of almost 250 kilometers. 87 years ago, city officials began to purchase land to make sure it would be protected from development. Today, the city owns 8 000 hectares. On this land, Denver has built the largest citypark system in the nation. Finally, there's Larama Square. It is a business area that is said to look like Denver of the early 1900s. Larama Square is filled with old buildings, gas lights and vehicles pulled by horses. It is a part of the new Denver that lives in the past.Part V Do you know ...? Audioscript:1.-- This country is an island, and it has a very small population,and most of the population live in the capital city.-- Is it a very dry country?-- Um -- no.-- Is it in the Caribbean?-- No, it isn't.-- Is it in the Pacific?-- No.-- Is it in Europe? (Uh, huh)-- Is it divided into two halves?-- No.-- Is it very popular for tourists?-- Not really, no.-- Is it in the Mediterranean?-- No.-- Is it in the Atlantic?-- Um, yes, I think so.-- It's not Iceland, is it?-- Yes.2.--This country is quite a large country. It has changed its capitalsince the Second World War, and it's famous for its jungles.-- Is it an African country?-- No, it isn't.-- Is it a South American country?-- Yes.-- Sorry, did you say it was large or small?-- Er, pretty large, (large)-- Does it have a newly built capital?-- Yes, it does.-- Brazil?-- Brazil. That's correct.3.-- This is a small country. It's mountainous and it has a smallpopulation.-- Is it in Europe?-- No.-- Is it in Asia?-- No.-- South America?-- No.-- Africa?-- No.-- North America?-- No.-- Is it a hot country?-- Slightly hotter than Britain.-- Does it have a dry climate or ... ?-- No, it has a very wet climate.-- A small population, you said?-- Yes.-- Is it an island country?-- Yes.-- Divided into two islands?-- Yes.-- Is it New Zealand?-- Yes.Part VII Watch and enjoy Videoscript:Dan Cruickshank:Over the past month, I've traveled through the Americas from Peru to New York. My next stop is another of the world's great modern cities.In little more than 200 years, Sydney has gone from being a dumping ground for British convicts to a confident metropolis, with a number of potential treasures I'm keen to see. I've come to Sydney to seek my treasure. To find the treasure that captures the extraordinary history, the spirit of this city and this nation. There are several contenders.The first one is obvious -- The Sydney Opera House. It's the great Australian icon and one of the most celebrated buildings of the 20th century.The Opera House was designed in 1957 by a Danish architect, Jorn Utzon. The Opera House was one of the most memorable buildings of the 20th century. Its forms are so strong. They're like a symbol for the city. These great shells one upon the other, incredibly powerful. The influences are complex. Utzon looked at many things. He'd been to Mexico, seen Mayan architecture. He loved the platform. I'm on the platform now. The shells rise from -- rise from the platform. Below are sort of the service parts of the buildings, and these great steps, again from the great Mayan temples in Mexico. So he's thinkingof ancient sacred buildings. Utzon also took inspiration from nature. He needed to make the structure easy to build. His solution was ingenious. The shape of each of these shells originates from one form -- a sphere. If one takes an orange and one cuts it into components, I'm now creating the surface of the shells on a miniscule scale. And these surface shapes of standard geometrical form are the basis of the shell structure of the city Opera House, you see. Incredible this use of nature, use of simple forms, use of powerful elemental geometry, use of modern building materials -- concrete, all very ingenious, to create emblematic building, which sums up the city, which has captured the imagination of the world, which says Sydney.My heart sinks when I enter the Opera House. It seems like another building. The imaginative design of the exterior has not been repeated inside. It's all because in 1966 Uzton walked off the project after rows over the design and escalating budget. The consequences of Uzton's resignation were, well, tragic really. The fact is the relationship between the inside and the outside is, er, what shall one say -- unresolved, unsatisfactory. It's good in parts, but not as good as it ought to be and that's very sad. A masterpiece has been flawed.。

英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编UnitAKaleidoscopeofCulture听力原文

英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编UnitAKaleidoscopeofCulture听力原文Unit 7 A Kaleidoscope of CulturePart I Getting readyMew York is one of the most important cities in the world. It is not only a center for business, but also a center for music and art. It has many famous buildings and places of interest. And it, too, has jot its nickname. What is itAudioscript：A：Are you ready for the trip to the museum in "the Big Apple" I can hardly wait.B："The Big Apple" What are you talking aboutA："The Big Apple" is the nickname for New York City. You are going to New York with us, aren't youB：Yes, I'm going. I'm especially looking forward to seeing the Museum of Modern Art. There's a special show of 20th centuryAmerican painters there. But, tell me, where did the nickname"the Big Apple" come fromA：The jazz musicians of the 1920s are responsible for the name.When they played a concert in a city, they called that city an apple.Of course New York was the biggest city in the country and best place for a jazz concert. So the musicians called it "The Big Apple".B：Amazing! New York is such a fascinating place and it even has an interesting nickname, one that it's had for more than 50years. Britain is famous for its pubs, where you can sample a pint of British beer, enjoy good-value bar meals and savor the friendly atmosphere. The pub boasts an excellent range of hot and cold bar snacks or a wide selection of home-cooked meals with a warm and relaxed atmosphere.Audioscript：There are visitors who come to England and leave thinking they have never been inside a pub. They don't realize that the words "pub" or "public house" are rarely included in the title of the place. So how do you know whether a building is a pub and what does a pub offer the visitorThe first thing to look for is a large sign either hanging over the street or placed on a pole outside the building. This sign may have a name like The Kings Arms, The Black Rabbit or The Duke ofKendal or an appropriate picture. Many pubs have names linked to royalty, popularheroes, sports or great occasions. There is a pub called The Concorde after the new airliner.On the doors of a pub you may see the words Saloon Bar or Public Bar. The Saloon Bar is more comfortably furnished. Occasionally the words Free House can be seen beside the name of the pub. This doesn't mean they serve free food and drink; it refers to the fact that the pub doesn't buy its drinks from one particular brewery only. It isn't a "tied house" -- tied to a brewery.The services a pub offers vary around the country. The basic service is the sale of alcoholic drink at certain times of the day. Opening times, as these periods are often called, are usually from 10.30 a.m. to 3 p.m. and from 6 p.m. to 11 p.m. on weekdays. On Sundays the opening times are 12 noon until 2 p.m. and 7-10.30 p.m. although these times can vary slightly according to theregion. Pubs can also offer food and accommodation. To help visitors, an experimental system of symbols has been tried out in Southern England and East Anglia. These symbols indicate just what is available from a particular pub.Part II Times squareTimes Square is in the heart of New York City. Every year, Times Square is the center of worldwide attention on New Year's Evebecause of the rooftop celebrations to usher in the New Year. Apart from that, there are some other things that make Times Square famous.Audioscript："Times Square is New York." Those are the words of the head of the Times Square Alliance, a coalition of area businesses. The millions of visitors to Times Square each year would probably agree. The area has one of the most recognizable names in the world. But, Times Square is not really a square. It is the name for the area around where Broadway crosses 42nd Street in Manhattan. The Times Square area stretches more than ten blocks north to south. The borders to the east and west are uneven. Some people call the shape of the area a bow tie.Times Square gets its name from The New York Times newspaper. In 1904, the newspaper began to build its headquarters in what was then called Long Acre Square. The city's underground train system built a stop under the Times Tower. The city renamed the area Times Square. On December 31st, 1904, the newspaper held a big celebration in Times Square to welcome the New Year. Fireworks lit the sky. Celebrations have taken place every year since then. Now, crowds also watch a big glass ball slide down a pole as the New Year arrives.Hundreds of businesses are in Times Square. The alliance says twenty percent of all hotel rooms in New York City are in Times Square. It says Times Square also has about six and one-half million square meters of office space. And more is being built.Times Square is home to famous Broadway theaters. And several television companies have studios there. MTV is one of them. Times Square is probably most famous for its huge colorful signs. The alliance says Times Square is the only place in New York where businesses are required to use them.Audioscript：It is another typical morning in Times Square: Taxi cabs blare their horns, 15 foot billboards look down over throngs of people hurrying by, and in the middle of it all, members of a smash Broadway musical climb up on a stage to dance and sing for the tourists.The entertainment is being organized by the Times Square Business Improvement District, the people responsible for making the area as welcoming to tourists as possible. Right now, the square is crowded and business is booming. So much so, in fact, that several sidewalks had to be widened recently to cope with the increase in visitors. Andsome New Yorkers are even pushing for the entire area to be off limits to traffic: modeling Times Square after a European plaza.It has not always been this way. Until a decade or so ago, Times Square had the well-deserved reputation of a seedy neighborhood teeming with prostitutes and drug dealers. A sizeable part of the area's economy came from stores selling pornography or cheap knock-off goods. The city government neglected the area, spending little of its tourism budget on improvements.But today, theaters, restaurants and upscale stores have replaced the sex shops. A thriving partnership between City Hall and private businesses, such as Disney Company, has revitalized Times Square.The current mayor of New York City, Rudy Giuliani, has made it a priority to clean up the area. Crime rates have declined and visitors feel a lot safer on the square. Part of that effort has involved the Times Square Business Improvement District and its President, Brendan Sexton.Mr. Sexton and his colleagues are launching a new line of Times Square clothing and accessories which, they hope, will compete with everything else on offer to visitors to New York. Instead of just passing through Times Square and stopping only to take a picture of all theflashing lights and neon signs, Mr. Sexton hopes tourists will stop and shop, and bring a little piece of the revitalized Times Square home with them.Part III Americans love chocolate Chocolate is one of the most popular holiday gifts. Gifts of chocolate molded into different shapes have become traditional on certain holidays. Chocolate bunnies and eggs are popular on Easter, chocolate coins on Hanukkah, snowmen and other holiday symbols on Christmas, and chocolate hearts or chocolate in heart-shaped boxes on Valentine's Day. Chocolate most commonly comes in dark, milk, and white varieties, with cocoa solids contributing to the brown color.Audioscript：Chocolate is as big a part of American culture as baseball and apple pie. But its roots run much deeper.Cheri Friedman knows how much America loves chocolate.She isco-owner of Kron Chocolatiers, a small, gourmet chocolate shop that opened 32 years ago in Washington, D.C."I think it's one of the best comfort foods there is. It's easy to eat. It melts in your mouth. There's a warm sensation. "Friedman says she takes pride in the fact that Kron's chocolates are made with the finest ingredients, right on the premises.Americans' love of chocolate has helped to make it a big business in this country. Mark Sesler is senior vice president of marketing at Russell Stover Candies, one of the largest manufacturers of chocolate in the United States.According to Sesler, the industry got its start in the early 1900s with small-scale chocolatiers such as Steven Whitman, and Claire and Russell Stover. They started with small stores -- much like Kron -- but soon expanded their business into broader markets -- thanks, Sesler notes, to an important technological advance."It's the advent of refrigeration that has really made the availability of chocolate very prevalent throughout the United States. I think chocolate has secured its place as a delectable treat for a number of societies and a number of countries. So I think we're just one of many countries who enjoy the delicacy that is chocolate."Susan Fussell is spokesperson for the National Confectioner's Association, a trade group that represents virtually everyone who's involved in the production and sale of candy in the United States.And why does Fussell think chocolate is so universally popular"Well there's really nothing like chocolate ... One of the main ingredients in chocolate is cocoa butter. And cocoa butter melts at body temperature. So when you put chocolate in your mouth, it has a mouth feel that's unlike any other food that you eat. It has thatmelt-in-your-mouth sensation right there on your tongue, and it is very hard to approximate that with any other food."Audioscript：Chocolate is as big a part of American culture as baseball and apple pie. But its roots run much deeper.Made from the seed of the tropical cacao tree, chocolate dates back at least 3 000 years to the ancient civilizations of Central and South America, where the cacao tree is native. The Aztec people valued the tree's cocoa beans so much, they used them as currency.In what is now Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, in the southwestern United States, new archaeological evidence shows that people were eating chocolate here more than 1 000 years ago.And they're still at it. Today, the average American eats almost 5 kilograms of chocolate each year.Cheri Friedman knows how much America loves chocolate. She isco-owner of Kron Chocolatiers, a small, gourmet chocolate shop that opened 32 years ago in Washington, D.C."I think it's one of the best comfort foods there is. It's easy to eat. It melts in your mouth. There's a warm sensation. "Friedman says she takes pride in the fact that Kron's chocolates are made with the finest ingredients, right on the premises.Americans' love of chocolate has helped to make it a big business in this country. Mark Sesler is senior vice president of marketing at Russell Stover Candies, one of the largest manufacturers of chocolate in the US.According to Sesler, the industry got its start in the early 1900s with small-scale chocolatiers such as Steven Whitman, and Claire and Russell Stover. They started with small stores -- much like Kron -- butsoon expanded their business into broader markets -- thanks, Sesler notes, to an important technological advance."It's the advent of refrigeration that has really made the availability of chocolate very prevalent throughout the United States. I think chocolate has secured its place as a delectable treat for a number of societies and a number of countries. So I think we're just one of many countries who enjoy the delicacy that is chocolate."Susan Fussell is spokesperson for the National Confectioner's Association, a trade group that represents virtually everyone who's involved in the production and sale of candy in the US.Fussell says that although the US is the largest total consumer of chocolate, it is not first in terms of per-capita consumption."In fact, we come in somewhere around No. 12, and that's because, of course, there are so many countries in Europe that have even more of an established culture around chocolate -- if you can imagine -- than we do in the United States."And why does Fussell think chocolate is so universally popular "Well there's really nothing like chocolate ... One of the main ingredients in chocolate is cocoa butter. And cocoa butter melts at bodytemperature. So when you put chocolate in your mouth, it has a mouth feel that's unlike any other food that you eat. It has thatmelt-in-your-mouth sensation right there on your tongue, and it is very hard to approximate that with any other food."But that melt-in-your-mouth sensation comes at a price. Chocolate as we know it today is made with lots of sugar and milk, both very high in calories. That's given chocolate a rather bad reputation among nutritionists.In recent years, however, research has proved that chocolate, particularly dark chocolate, is also naturally rich in cancer-fighting antioxidants -- a fact that chocolate manufacturers like Russell Stover are happily promoting.But no matter the preference, Fussell says when it comes to holidays, chocolate is king, especially on Valentine's Day, every February 14th. That's a day when people all across the country express their love for one another with gifts, flowers, cards and -- more often than not -- chocolates."Valentine's Day itself, February 14th, is the single largest sales day during the year for sales of boxed chocolates."Part IV More about the topic:BullfightingSpain has become internationally known for its bullfighting, a tradition that spawns debate in many parts of the world and within Spain itself. Fans of bullfighting claim that it is a culturally important tradition, while animal rights activists argue that it is a blood sport due to the suffering of bulls involved.Audioscript：Bullfighting is seen as a symbol of Spanish culture.It traces its roots to prehistoric worshiping and sacrificing of bulls.A carpenter's assistant from the town of Ronda, Spain, Francisco Romero invented the "muleta," or red cape, used to lure the bull past the matador's body. Legend has it Romero rescued a young nobleman by using his flat-brimmed Andalusian hat to lure away an irate bull. Thus was born the modern bullfight. He was the founding father of a bullfighting dynasty, fundamental for bullfighting history. He was apparently the inventor of several characteristics that started to be used in a key period for bullfighting when the modern on foot system was defined, as the use of the cape and sword to kill the bull face to face.The bullfight, known in Spain as the "corrida," was first launched as an official spectacle sport in 1133. at the coronation of King Alfonso VIII, and steadily gained in popularity through the years of the Reconquest of Moorish Spain.A typical Spanish bullfight requires six bulls and three matadors, and is divided into three parts. If the matador has done exceptionally well, the audience will give a standing ovation and throw hats and roses into the arena. The matador will also receive one or two severed ears and the tail of the bull, depending on the quality of his performance. Bullfighting has always been controversial in Spain. Supporters of bullfighting regard it as a deeply ingrained, integral part of their national culture, but it is criticized by animal rights activists as a pointless and cruel blood sport.In fact, bullfighting is not just a Spanish tradition; Portugal, Latin America and a few cities in southern France also have a history of bullfighting.Audioscript：Over 1000 people have demonstrated in Madrid to go for anend to bullfighting in Spain. Though small, the protest comes amid reneweddebate in the country about bullfighting, which many see as inhumane but others consider an integral part of Spanish culture.Carrying banners reading "Abolish bullfighting" and comments disparaging bullfighters, the coalition of animal rights activists and ecologists gathered in Madrid's central Puerta del Sol square. The Madrid regional government's decision to officially declare the sport part of Spain's cultural heritage has intensified opposition：Male protestor (voice of translator):"I feel very ashamed. I feel ashamed of being Spanish when I hear of these crimes, and people say this torture is culture. For me it is savage, more appropriate to other centuries."The centuries-old spectacle, whose ritual includes implanting barbed sticks into the bull before a matador kills it with a sword, draws thousands to the country's bullrings and, matadors receive celebrity media coverage. Many Spaniards reject accusations of cruelty: Madrid resident (in Spanish)This Madrid resident insists those who want to watch bullfighting should be allowed to continue doing so, as it is part of the nation's culture.But support for bullfighting varies across the country, with parliament in the autonomous Catalan region recently debating a possible ban, and a vote there on the issue is expected soon. In Spain's Canary Islands, the sport is already outlawed.Part V Do you know ...A name is a word or term used for identification. So a name can be given to a person, a place or a thing. But do names have meanings Many people tend to be unaware of the specificmeaning of a name unless it happens to be their own name. Many names originally had meanings, but you can't assume that that meaning was intended in any given case.Audioscript：An American town called Boring has voted in favour of pairing with a village by the name of Dull in Scotland.This means the two of them will participate in joint activities, such as the promotion of tourism and cultural exchange. Boring decided in favour of the move after being approached by the residents of Dull. But what's in a name Is Boring really tiresome and is Dull tedious Are these places in themselves humdrum and insipid or is it just their names which suggest they are drab The village of Dull consists of just one row of houses on the north side of a river valley, which means that it must be very peaceful but probably rather stale and monotonous for young people looking for exciting nightlife. It should also be said that the origin of the name Dull is from the Gaelic language, which was spoken in Scotland before the arrival of the English. Therefore it probably means "meadow" rather than mundane.Boring, on the other hand, was named after an early resident of the town, William H. Boring, though whether he was a wearisome fellow himself is not known. The town lies in the state of Oregon, about 30 kilometres from the city of Portland. Is it flat Not in a literal sense. Oregon is a mountainous state. And Boring's residents insist that the town is "The most exciting place to live". However, in comparison to Seattle, the biggest city in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, Boring must be at least a little lifeless.However exciting the communities may or may not be, they are both planning events to celebrate their pairing. The Dull andWeem Community Council intends to mark the partnership with a new road sign and street party.Part VII Watch and enjoyChinese cuisine is certainly a part of Chinese culture. In the following video clip, a woman will teach you how to cook a Chinese dish -- steamed sea bass. The steps of the cooking and the making of the sauce have been listed below. Arrange them in the correct order. The first ones have been done for you.Videoscript：In China it is believed that eating fish will help your wishes come true. And this is certainly a dream recipe. I want to cook you my steamed sea bass in a ginger, lime beer sauce, and it couldn't be simpler.Slice a few slits. One side, and then the other. And I'm going to keep the head on because in Chinese tradition, that is a sign of unity and balance. Next, slice some ginger. Just big enough so they fit into the slits of the fish. And this is going to impart a delicious, aromatic heat, and it's going to taste fantastic. And on the other side, so the ginger's gone into the slits. And now all we do is just place it on a heat-proof plate in the bamboo steamer. Before we steam the fish, I'm going to add a little bit of Shaoxing rice wine. So about a tablespoon. In Chinese cooking, Shaoxing rice wine is a classic seasoning for fish and meat dishes, adding bitter-sweet flavors. Next, lay some finely sliced spring onion on the fish. Steam over boiling water for seven to eight minutes until the fish is opaque. In Chinese culture, we try to balance opposite influences, known as Tin and Yang. They are the controlling elements in nature which should be balanced for a harmonious life. This dish, it's got those elements. The sea bass is very yin, and the ginger and rice wine which I have had a splash of that,they are very, very yang. This is the perfect balanced dish, and in Chinese cooking, we're always trying to achieve this perfect balance. Let's just check on the sea bass. The sea bass is lovely and it's cooked. You can see the meat has turned opaque, the eyes have turned white, and the flesh is lovely and flaky-ish. It just gives as you give it a slight poke.And for the sauce, finely grate some ginger. This is the hot, or yang to the fish's cool yin. For additional freshness, some zingy lime zest, two tablespoons should be about right. What we want to do now is get the wok nice and hot. And I'm just going to place the sea bass ... here. Just let that plate cool slightly. My special ingredient for this dish is Chinese beer. This is really going to add a delicious sweetness and really compliment the sea bass. If you can't get Chinese beer, then you can just use a light lager.So, wok lovely and hot, in with some groundnut oil, about a tablespoon or two. And then give this a good swirl. Then very, very quickly, in with the ginger. Before the ginger burns, put the fish carefully into the wok. Add a drop more rice wine or dry sherry, some light soy sauce。

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Listen this way 听力教程第三册-4Unit 4 Have a Nice TripPart I Getting ready Audioscript: ★ Australia is the world's largest island and its smallest continent. Its total area of 3 000 000 square miles is about the same as that of the continental United States (excluding Alaska).★ The area of Nepal is about 54 000 square miles. Within its borders are five of the world's highest peaks.★ Switzerland is a small, landlocked country, 15 944 square miles in area. It's bordered by France, Austria, and Italy.★ More than 20 000 000 people live in Argentine. About 97 percent are of European stock. Most Argentines live on the eastern plains. Fewer than 19% live in the dry western and northwestern provinces.★ Austria is 32 376 square miles in area. This makes it twice the size of neighboring Switzerland. There are about 7 150 000 people living in Austria. More than one third of the people live in or near Vienna, the capital city.★ Colombia is the only country in South America with a coastline on both sides of the continent. It is a big country with an area of 439 828 square miles and about 16 300 000 persons live in Colombia.★ Saudi Arabia's area is estimated to be about 830 000 square miles.Almost all of Saudi Arabia's 7 000 000 people are Arabs. Today Saudi Arabia's vast oil resources are paying for the modernization of the country. Conditions there are changing more rapidly than they have for centuries.★ Denmark proper has an area of only 16 575 square miles. It is the smallest of the Scandinavian countries -- Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. But Denmark's population of over 4 600 000 is greater than that of Norway and more than half that of Sweden.Part II CanadaAudioscript:Thank you for calling the Daily News Information line on Canada.Canada is a huge country, second in size only to the former Soviet Union. Yet it has only 26 million people, which is less than half the population of the United Kingdom. It extends from the Great Lakes in the south to the majestic Rocky Mountains in the west, and the bleak Arctic Islands in the far north. A third of the country is covered by forest and there are also vast grasslands and countless lakes and rivers.There are great variations in climate. Winters are extremely cold except in Vancouver which has a milder climate owing to its location on the west coast, so take a heavy overcoat and a fur hat. Canadiansummers are warm on the whole, especially inland, so you'll only need lightweight clothing.A quarter of all Canadians, mainly those living in the province of Quebec in the east, speak French as their first language. In addition, there are half a million American Indians, a million Germans and smaller numbers of Italians, Ukranians and Inuit. Canada has two official languages: English and French, except in the province of Quebec where French alone is the official language. You'll find English spoken virtually everywhere apart from Quebec and if you plan to visit Quebec City, you'll definitely need a French phrasebook if you don't speak French.Eating out is a pleasure in Canada and you'll find restaurants, coffee shops and snack bars to suit every pocket. Menus offer a wide choice with excellent seafood like Pacific salmon, lobsters and clams, meat dishes including moose steaks and beefsteaks, and also a range of ethnic foods. For the sweet course, the specialty/speciality is waffles, a kind of thick pancake, served with maple syrup. Beer is good but foreign wines, even those from neighboring America, tend to be quite dear and local wines are not particularly good.Canada has some of the world's most modern shopping centers. Clothes tend to be slightly expensive by European standards but thereare some bargains to be had. Good buys include moccasins, a kind of soft leather shoe made by Indians, woolen gloves and sweaters, wood carvings, leather goods and maple syrup, of course.The unit of currency is the Canadian dollar. Banking hours are from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Monday to Thursday and till later on Fridays.Have a good trip, and thank you for calling the information line. Part III Travelling around Australia Audioscript:Nancy: Oh, David, hi! You know, I've been meaning to talk to you. I'm planning a trip to Australia, and I wonder if you could give mesome advice.David: Sure! What... what do you want to know?Nancy: Well, I thought I'd start my trip in Sydney. What should I see there?David: Well, the most important thing to see, of course, is the harbor, which is the most beautiful in the world.Nancy: Oh, right. Do they have boat trips?David: Yeah, of course, they do. They have wonderful boat trips! The one ... the one that I recommend particularly is ... is a triparound Have a Nice Trip the harbor in an old sailing ship. Nancy: Oh, that sounds like lots of fun!David: Yeah. And, of course, then there's the Sydney Opera House, which ... which everyone knows about. And, uh, you can see ...see wonderful things there ... concerts and opera and theater. Nancy: Oh, I definitely want to go there! Now what about places to stay? Can you recommend some place inexpensive?David: Yeah, let me see ... Probably, of course, you know I don't stay in these places, but probably the most inexpensive placewould be ... would be a backpacker's hotel. There are lots ofthose.Nancy: OK, thanks. That sounds good. Uh, where should I go after Sydney?David: After Sydney, let's see ... I'd recommend that you travel up the coast to the Great Barrier Reef, which is in North Queensland. Nancy: Right. I've heard a lot about it! But what is there to do there?David: Well, you can go scuba diving and see the coral reef and the tropical fish up close ...Nancy: You know I don't like to get wet.David: Well, there ... there're always ... always these glass-bottom boats you can ... you can travel on. They're ... they're fabulous!Yeah, and, uh, there're ... there are literally hundreds of islandsyou can explore.Nancy: Wow! And are there places to stay?David: Yeah, sure. If you want to spend lots of money, you can stay at one of these fabulous resort hotels or, if you want to ... want todo it on the cheap, you can ... you can go to a guesthouse,which are much cheaper.Nancy: Right. That sounds good. Well, what next?David: Next, well, I guess you should ... should go inland to ... to Ayers Rock in Uluru National Park.Nancy: Ayers Rock? What is that? How do you spell it?David: It's ... it's Ayers Rock. It's ... it's spelled ... let's see, A-Y-E-R-S.It's the largest rock in the world! You must know about it!Nancy: No kidding! No, I've never heard of it! What do you do when you visit it?David: Well, it's mainly hiking and trekking. You can ... you can walk right round the base of it if you like. [Huh!] It takes about ...it's ... it's about five and a half miles, I guess, but [Wow!] it'sreally well worth it. And, uh, there are cave paintings in therock, and the colors of the rock ... at... at sunrise and sunset...are just fabulous!Nancy: Sounds like I should bring my camera!David: You sure should! Finally, let's see, I guess you should travel ...travel north to visit the Kakadu National Park.Nancy: Kakadu? How do you spell that?David: K-A-K-A-D-U. It's ... it's a tropical forest where you can go hiking and see all sorts of wildlife ...Nancy: Oh?David: Oh, and there are some beautiful waterfalls there as well. Nancy: And do they allow camping there?David: Yeah, there are lots and lots of campsites. The only thing is that you've got to watch out for the crocodiles!Nancy: Ugh! Well, David, thanks a lot! You've been a big help! David: No problem.Nancy: I can't wait to go!Statements:1. When David was in Sydney, he didn't stay there for night.2. The Great Barrier Reef is in South Queensland in Australia.3. From what Nancy says, one can know that she is fond of swimming.4. In Uluru National Park, Nancy can see the largest rock in the world.5. If Nancy likes to walk around the base of the rock, she has to walk about five miles.6. Nancy will bring her camera with her when she travels in Australia.7. There are no crocodiles in the tropical forest in Australia.Part IV More about the topic:The story of Denver Audioscript: :Denver is the largest city and the capital of the western state of Colorado. There's a marker on the step in the State Capitol Building.Standing there, you are exactly 1.6 kilometers above sea level, one mile high. Denver is known as "the-mile-high city", but it does not appear to be that high. This is because it is built almost completely on smooth flat land. Denver is the largest city of the Rocky Mountains. Many people believe it is actually in the Rocky Mountains. However, it is about 50 kilometers east of them.The city of Denver has a population of about 470 000 people. This makes it the 26th largest city in the United States. The area around Denver has more than 1 600 000 people. City officials are proud of the fact that Denver receives more than 300 days of sunshine a year. Storms moving east across the country lose much of their strength in the Rockies. So Denver gets only about 3 5 centimeters of rain and snow a year. The nearby mountains, however, get a lot more than that.Denver is the business and marketing center for all the Rocky Mountain area. It has more than 1 500 manufacturing companies. Food processing is the main manufacturing activity. Other factories make equipment for the defense, space, high technology and transportation industries. Gold production is also important. Denver is home to companies that control half the gold produced in the United States.The computer and communications industries have become increasingly important in recent years. Denver has the third highestnumber of high technology jobs in relation to the population. The area also has become a center for companies that do business in other countries. This is true throughout the western states. In fact, more jobs in the American west are linked to foreign trade than in any other part of the country.Tourism is also an important industry in Denver. For example, the Colorado History Museum shows the history of the native American Indians, gold miners and other people who moved to Colorado. The Denver Museum of Natural History shows Indian objects and examples of local wildlife. Many visitors to Colorado and the Rocky Mountains use Denver's new international airport, which opened in 1995. It was the first major new airport built in the United States in 21 years. It cost almost 5 000 million dollars. It is the largest airport in North America, almost 90 000 passengers land at Denver International Airport each day.There is a lot to see and do in Denver. The State Capitol Building is in the center of the city. The top is covered with more than 500 g of gold. On a clear day, a visitor to the Capitol can see for a distance of almost 250 kilometers. 87 years ago, city officials began to purchase land to make sure it would be protected from development. Today, the city owns 8 000 hectares. On this land, Denver has built the largest citypark system in the nation. Finally, there's Larama Square. It is a business area that is said to look like Denver of the early 1900s. Larama Square is filled with old buildings, gas lights and vehicles pulled by horses. It is a part of the new Denver that lives in the past.Part V Do you know ...? Audioscript:1.-- This country is an island, and it has a very small population,and most of the population live in the capital city.-- Is it a very dry country?-- Um -- no.-- Is it in the Caribbean?-- No, it isn't.-- Is it in the Pacific?-- No.-- Is it in Europe? (Uh, huh)-- Is it divided into two halves?-- No.-- Is it very popular for tourists?-- Not really, no.-- Is it in the Mediterranean?-- No.-- Is it in the Atlantic?-- Um, yes, I think so.-- It's not Iceland, is it?-- Yes.2.--This country is quite a large country. It has changed its capitalsince the Second World War, and it's famous for its jungles.-- Is it an African country?-- No, it isn't.-- Is it a South American country?-- Yes.-- Sorry, did you say it was large or small?-- Er, pretty large, (large)-- Does it have a newly built capital?-- Yes, it does.-- Brazil?-- Brazil. That's correct.3.-- This is a small country. It's mountainous and it has a smallpopulation.-- Is it in Europe?-- No.-- Is it in Asia?-- No.-- South America?-- No.-- Africa?-- No.-- North America?-- No.-- Is it a hot country?-- Slightly hotter than Britain.-- Does it have a dry climate or ... ?-- No, it has a very wet climate.-- A small population, you said?-- Yes.-- Is it an island country?-- Yes.-- Divided into two islands?-- Yes.-- Is it New Zealand?-- Yes.Part VII Watch and enjoy Videoscript:Dan Cruickshank:Over the past month, I've traveled through the Americas from Peru to New York. My next stop is another of the world's great modern cities.In little more than 200 years, Sydney has gone from being a dumping ground for British convicts to a confident metropolis, with a number of potential treasures I'm keen to see. I've come to Sydney to seek my treasure. To find the treasure that captures the extraordinary history, the spirit of this city and this nation. There are several contenders.The first one is obvious -- The Sydney Opera House. It's the great Australian icon and one of the most celebrated buildings of the 20th century.The Opera House was designed in 1957 by a Danish architect, Jorn Utzon. The Opera House was one of the most memorable buildings of the 20th century. Its forms are so strong. They're like a symbol for the city. These great shells one upon the other, incredibly powerful. The influences are complex. Utzon looked at many things. He'd been to Mexico, seen Mayan architecture. He loved the platform. I'm on the platform now. The shells rise from -- rise from the platform. Below are sort of the service parts of the buildings, and these great steps, again from the great Mayan temples in Mexico. So he's thinkingof ancient sacred buildings. Utzon also took inspiration from nature. He needed to make the structure easy to build. His solution was ingenious. The shape of each of these shells originates from one form -- a sphere. If one takes an orange and one cuts it into components, I'm now creating the surface of the shells on a miniscule scale. And these surface shapes of standard geometrical form are the basis of the shell structure of the city Opera House, you see. Incredible this use of nature, use of simple forms, use of powerful elemental geometry, use of modern building materials -- concrete, all very ingenious, to create emblematic building, which sums up the city, which has captured the imagination of the world, which says Sydney.My heart sinks when I enter the Opera House. It seems like another building. The imaginative design of the exterior has not been repeated inside. It's all because in 1966 Uzton walked off the project after rows over the design and escalating budget. The consequences of Uzton's resignation were, well, tragic really. The fact is the relationship between the inside and the outside is, er, what shall one say -- unresolved, unsatisfactory. It's good in parts, but not as good as it ought to be and that's very sad. A masterpiece has been flawed.。