2019-2020学年上海市奉贤区高一上英语期中考试英语试卷

2019学年奉贤区调研测试高一英语试卷（时间120分钟，分值150分）2019年11月Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One big happy familyFamily sizes are shrinking（缩小）around the world. In many countries, families don’t have more than two children.Smaller families mean many children now grow up with __21__ (few) cousins. This is hard __22__ (imagine), as I come from a large extended family with 23 first cousins on one side and 25 on the other.Sometimes __23__ I can’t sleep, I test my mental acuity（敏锐度）by trying to name all my relatives. Then in the morning I get up and wonder __24__ I should make an appointment with a brain specialist.Of course, almost all of those cousins have married and had children and now their children are having children. With extended families growing to large and spreading so far. get-togethers have nearly become a thing of __25__ past.One of the last gatherings on my father’s side was at the home of a cousin __26__ has a place in the country on top of a hill. A tent __27__ (set) up, holding long tables creaking（嘎吱作响）under the weight of fried chicken, potato salad and chocolate cake. A fishing hole waited nearby for the kids. Vehicles （车辆）poured in from every direction, parking on the drive, the grass, __28__ they could find a spot. There was talking and laughing and joking and food.While such gatherings __29__ (grow) infrequent, we were all happy to be together. __30__ some of us had not seen one another since so-and-so’s wedding or somebody’s father’s funeral, most people were still easy to recognize. We share a gene pool（基因库）of people who work hard1 / 13and laugh often. It was very dark when the last set of taillights disappeared into the night.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only by used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. mostB. provideC. choicesD. generationsE. changesF. dietsG. limitH. extraI. considerJ. worldwideK. regularResearchers say American children now eat an average of three snacks a day between meals.A study found that those snacks add up to almost one-third of all the daily calories eaten by children. And those ___31___ calories could help explain the rise in overweight children in the Untied States.The study was done at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The researchers studied the ___32___ of thirty - one thousand children ages two to eighteen over a thirty-year period. They found that snacking has increased since the nineteen seventies. And what kinds of snacks have increased the ___33___? Salty, high-fat foods like chips. The study also found greater snacking on cake, cookies and other treats that past ___34___ might have saved for after dinner.The study is in the journal Health Affairs. Nutrition professor Barry Popkin was one of the lead researchers. He says parents should ___35___ snacks to one a day for children age six and older. He also advises parents and caregivers to ___36___ healthy snacks like fruits and vegetables.Professor Popkin says American schools also and to improve their nutrition. For example, schools may have vending machines（贩卖机）that offer what many people would ___37___ junk food. There has been a push for schools to offer more healthful snacks and lunch ___38___ and fewer sugary drinks.Earlier this month Coca-Cola said it would stop selling sugary drinks in American schools unless parents asked them. Its competitors at Pepsi just announced that they will stop sales of sugared drinks to schools ___39___.America’s top public health officer wants to see more ___40___ like this.Section CDirections: Read the text below. Use the word given in the brackets to form a word that fits in the2 / 13space.Printing a new heartHeart disease is one of the major killers in the world today. Many who suffer from it must have heart transplants（移植）. However, it’s difficult to get a ___41___ (total) suitable heart donation, and even if a patient survives the wait, his or her body often rejects（排斥）the heart.But there is now new hope for ___42___ (suffer) of heart disease. According to a study published in the journal Advanced Science, researchers from Israel’s Tel Aviv University printed a 3D human heart on April 15.“This is the ___43___ (one) time anyone anywhere has successfully engineered and printed an entire heart.” Professor Tal Dvir told CNN.___44___ (like) the previous（早先的）3D-printed heart structure, the new heart is complete with cells, blood vessels（血管）, chambers（心室）and other structures a heart needs to work ___45___ (natural). But scientists still have more to figure out before the 3D-printed heart can be fitted into the body. At present, the heart sample is like a tiny airplane that has all of the right parts, but can’t fly.However, the ___46___ (develop) is still regarded as a major breakthrough in medicine.In the experiment, the scientists turned human fat tissue（脂肪组织）into human heart tissue with stem cell（干细胞）technology. The tissue was then turned into “bio-ink” for a 3D ___47___ (print) to ensure that tissue in the heart came from the patients ___48___ (they). So ideally, if it were to be placed in the body of someone in need of a transplant, there would be less risk of organ rejection.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, ___49___ number!” and move on. But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something ___50___. On March 19, Dennis got a group text ___51___ him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the arrival of a baby. “Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,” Dennis ___52___. The baby was born and3 / 13update texts were ___53___ quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her ___54___, she didn’t seem to realize that she was ___55___ the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. “Well, I don’t know you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,” replied Dennis before asking which room the new ___56___ were in. Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his ___57___! He turned up at the hospital having gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally ___58___ by the unexpected visit. “I don’t think we invited him over but we ___59___ it and the gifts.” Teresa ___60___ a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website ___61___ by the moving words: “What a ___62___ this young man was to our family ! He was so sweet and kind to do this.” The post has since gained the ___63___ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.49. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong50. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical51. A. introducing B. reminding C. informing D. warming52. A. responded B. suggested C. predicted D. repeated53. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around54. A. opinion B. action C. excitement D. effort55. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing56. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors57. A. dream B. promise C. opinion D. project58. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. shocked D. prepared59. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect60. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted61. A. involved B. included C. added D. accompanied62. A. pity B. blessing C. chance D. problem63. A. subject B. attention C. control D. trustSection B4 / 13Directions: Read the following three passage. Each passage it followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)“It’s like living in a police state, living here,” my 15-yeare-old son screamed as he ran out of the room. The event that had sparked this explosion of anger had been a simple question about what time he thought he might be back from a party, but obviously, in his eyes, such questions turned me into some kind of evil dictator（独裁者）.Sadly, this wasn’t the first time he’d made his feelings about being asked questions clear to me. As he probably knows all too well, his hysterical（歇斯底里的）use of language never fails to annoy me --- and yes, before you ask, I have tried discussing it with him. I’ve pointed out, for instance, that if he really were living in a police state, we’d have cameras set up in his bedroom and his phone calls, texts and e-mails would be constantly monitored; he’d searched on a regular basis! Of course, none of this makes any difference to him. He is, after all, 15 and I, after all, am his mother!This latest incident, though, did get me thinking. If he’s always going to accuse me of being a dictator, I might as well start acting like one. Maybe then he’ll appreciate how soft I’ve been up till now; from now on, I am going to punish all the ‘household crimes’ he has been getting away with for so long.No longer will I stand my son stealing the small change from my bedside table and no more will we put up with him emotionally black-mailing us. I am sick and tired of being told that he wishes he had never been born when he doesn’t get what he wants or that he won’t be able to study unless he’s allowed to spend a weekend away with his friends!From now on, I’ll be laying down the law. Any minor offences will be met with proper punishment. First, there’ll be a curfew（宵禁）, then seven days’ detention（监禁）. Later we may well take away his personal property such as his smart phone and iPad. That should surely be enough to make him change his ways!64. Why did the writer’s son feel annoyed according to the passage?A. He was afraid he would be takes to a police state.B. He found himself monitored by his parents regularly.C. He felt his mother stepped too much into his private matters.5 / 13D. He was not allowed to spend a weekend away with his friends.65. The word “blackmailing” (in paragraph 4) most probably means ________.A. threatenB. involveC. produceD. strike66. How does the writer feel about the way she treats his son?A. Nervous.B. Positive.C. Special.D. Regretful.67. What is the writer going to do next?A. Turn to law if necessary.B. Be more strict with her son.C. Make her son change the way he looks.D. Stop her son using any electronic devices.(B)Stock marketShares of companies are bought and sold in the stock market. When you buy shares of a company, you own a small percentage of that company. If that company grows, the value of your investment grows, too. If your stock’s value has gone up by the time you eventually sell it, you’ve made a profit. It’s best to invest in the stock market on a long-term basis. Typically, the longer you keep your investments, the better you’ll do.Of all the investment methods listed here, stocks can earn the highest returns. However, if the company you’ve invested in doesn’t perform well financially, yourun the risk of losing money. Before you dive into the stock market, be sure to first talk to your parents and / or a financial expert for advice.Long-term savingsIf you don’t want to take risks, you might consider long-term savings. Putting your extra money in a long-term savings account is a way better idea than putting it in a piggy bank（储蓄罐）. Those accounts earn returns, which means they grow over time. Here’s how it could work for a typical investor.6 / 13If you put 10 yuan in your piggy bank every month ...If you put 10 yuan every month in an account that earns a six percent rate ofreturnAfter one year, you wouldhave ...120 yuan127.2 yuanAfter two year, you wouldhave ...240 yuan262.03 yuanAfter five years, you wouldhave ...600 yuan717.04 yuanAfter ten years, you wouldhave ...1,200 yuan1,676.60 yuanLoaned investmentsUnlike shares, with which you own part of a company, with loaned investments, you lend money to companies for an amount of time. When that time is up, you get your money back from the borrowers, plus interest.Loaned investments might be more stable（稳定的）than the stock market, but the returns might not he as high.68. The author of this passage advises us to ________.A. put ten yuan in our piggy banks every month.B. invest some of the money we have saved.C. use some of our extra money to big companies.D. lend our extra money to big companies69. If we put 50 yuan every month in a long-term savings account that earns six-percent returns, after ten years, we would have ________.A. 636 yuanB. 6,000 yuanC. 6,360 yuanD. 8,383 yuan70. Which of the following statements is true?7 / 13A. The returns of long-term savings are higher than those of stocks.B. The stock market is safer than long-term savings.C. The returns of stocks are lower than those of loaned investments.D. Loaned investments are safer than the stock market.(C)Our daily lives are full of dangers, from driving our cars to eating cholesterol in our food. But how good are we really at assessing（评估）these risks?Not very good at all, according to Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner in their best-selling book Freakonomics, The authors give as an example the imaginary case of a little girl they call “Molly.” Her parents know that the parents of one of her friends keep a gun in their house. So Molly’s parents decide that she is not allowed to play there. Instead, they feel that Molly would be much safer spending time at another friend’s house, where there are no guns, but there is a swimming pool. You may think this is the right choice, but according to the statistics（统计）, you would be wrong. Every year, one child per 11,000 private swimming pools is drowned in the United States. However, only one child is killed by a gun for every million guns.Molly’s parents are not unique. Generally, people are just not very good at assessing risk. Peter Sandman, a risk consultant in Princeton, New Jersey, says, “ The risks that frighten people and the risks that kill people are very different things.” He compares the dangerous bacteria（细菌）in our kitchen and diseases such as mad cow disease. “Risks that you can control are much less worrisome than risks you can’t control,” says Sandman. “We can’t tell if our meat is infected, but we can control how clean our kitchen is.”Levitt also says that people tend to be much more frightened of short-term dangers than long-term ones. The probability of someone being killed in a terrorist （恐怖分子）attack is much smaller than the probability that this same person will eat too much fatty food and die of heart disease. “But a terrorist attack happens now,” says Levitt. “Death from heart disease is a distant, quiet disaster（灾难）.”Finally, there is what Peter Sandman calls “the dread factor,” that is, how frightening we consider something to be. We are frightened by the thought of being killed in a terrorist attack, but for some reason we are not frightened by the thought of death from heart disease. Sandman sues the following equation; for most people risk = hazard (or danger) + outrage (or fright). “When the hazard is high but the terror is low, people under-react（反应不够有力）. When the hazard is low8 / 13and the outrage is high, people overreact.”71. Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner give the imaginary case of a little girl named “Molly” and her parents as an example of ________.A. safety measures taken by parentsB. parents’ being too much worried about their kidsC. the use of statistics in giving kids a safe environmentD. our being unable to tell how dangerous something really is72. According to Levitt, which of the following examples indicates that what people have control over is less worrying?A. People are more frightened of dangerous bacteria than mad cow disease.B. People are more frightened of mad cow disease than dangerous bacteria.C. People are more frightened of terrorist attacks than heart disease.D. People are more frightened of heart disease than terrorist attacks.73. Which of the following is Peter Sandman most likely to agree with?A. People may respond too strongly to risks if they feel more frightened than in danger.B. How frightening we consider something to be results from our reaction to risks.C. For most people, risks are something that may put them in danger.D. Danger and fright seldom come in together.74. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Risk VS DangerB. The Results of RisksC. The Risk Factor（因素）D. Experts（专家）of Risk ControlSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be sued only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.9 / 13A. Here are some ways to prevent wildfires.B. This makes them the most deadly wildfires in California.C. People can find more of them in the wild after a fire.D. However, 90 percent of wildfires are caused by humans.E. wildfires happen each year, taking lives and destroying property.F. The fires are also dangerous to animals.People in California, US had a difficult time in November. Wildfires that spread through much of the state took at least 85 lives. ______75_______Wildfires are uncontrolled fires. They usually happen in areas where few people live. They are most common in wooded areas in the US, Canada and Australia. They are also known as forest fires or grass fires, or as bush-fires in Australia.Lightning strikes and volcanic eruptions（喷发）can cause wildfires. _____76_____ Burning campfires, garbage and cigarette butts（烟头）can easily cause wildfires. Dry and hot weather, as well as wind, creates perfect wildfire conditions. They help wildfires spread quickly and last for weeks.Wildfires can burn at over 900 ℃and reach heights of more than 50 meters. They can move at speeds of up to 23 milometers an hour, burning everything - trees, brush, homes, even people - in their path._____77_____ In Australia, koalas can’t get enough water from tree leaves because of wildfires. They have to leave their trees and find water somewhere else. But sometimes, fires can be good for some plants. Heat from the fires makes some fungi（真菌）, such as morel mushrooms （羊肚蘑）, grow better. _____78______Ⅳ. Blank-fillingDirections: Fill in the blanks with proper phrases in the box. Each phrase can only be sued once. Note that there is one phrase more than you need.equip ... with ... at an early age feel like operate on lead tomake up of by the time comment on from all walks of life10 / 1379. A knowledge system is believed _______ theory and practical experience.80. People _______ gathered together to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.81. The local economy is sure to develop very fast _______ this railroad is extended to the remote small town.82. In the past few years, the rapid development of the internet _______ an information overload so that people have difficulty telling the real from the false.83. Students who began learning English as a second language _______ understand the language better than those who started later.84. Scientists get the idea from how humans develop intelligence, hoping to create robots which _______ similar human intelligence.85. Have you ever wanted _______ something on the Internet but been afraid of getting into trouble?86. Her heart broke when she hurried to hospital, where her father _______, with blood in his clothes.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.87. 这部关于中国飞行员的电影吸引了许多观众。

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2019-2020学年上海市奉贤中学高三英语期中考试试卷及答案

2019-2020学年上海市奉贤中学高三英语期中考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOn Friday morning when 53-year-old Thong Pham broke into the house through the unlocked back door, he took a steak knife from the kitchen.It was dark, and the family didn't know what Marley was barking (吠) at. Taylor, Amber and their girls Finley, 6,and Sadie, 4, soon woke up and came downstairs, too. “Well, it was dark so we couldn't see anything, only could hear Marley,” Amber recalled, saying her husband then went for the lights. “And once he turned the hall light on, we realized that the guy was holed up in the corner trying to hide.”“So I think he got to the front door and realized he couldn't get out, and by that point in time, Marley's got him cornered,”Taylorsaid. Pham slashed (砍) both Marley and Taylor, and blood went everywhere. Taylor shared a video summary to his Facebook page, where he said Marley was stabbed (刺) up to six times, mostly around the head and neck area. “And as I pulled back, blood shot out of my arm,”Taylorcontinued. “She got him pretty good and I got him pretty good in the face.”“But it was really hard because I was trying to make sure that my husband wasn't going to die,” Amber explained, adding that she was trying to protect their two girls. “When he realized that the two girls were in the house, that's when he kind of backed up and started running. "Taylorexpressed gratitude to everyone for their thoughts and prayers. And the family is thankful for their dog Marley.“She's our hero,” Amber said. “If it hadn't been for her, that guy could have gone in the...he could have gone to their rooms or something.”Tayloradded, “Yeah, I mean, the story plays out very differently if Marley's not there.”1. Why did the family come downstairs before daybreak?A. To stop a break-in.B. To lock the back door.C. To check on Marley.D. To turn the hall light on.2. What happened during the fight?A. Pham dug a hole in the corner.B. Marley was injured but bit back.C. Taylor had a backup from neighbors.D. Amber fought back to protect her girls.3. What doesTaylormainly express on his Facebook?A. Forgiveness.B. Concern.C. Anger.D. Appreciation.BWe touch our faces all the time, and it had never seemed to be a big problem—until COVID-19 arrived. Touching our faces—the "T-zone" of our eyes, nose and mouth in particular—can mean giving ourselves the deadly virus.This is why organizations like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have suggested that we avoid touching our faces. "Just stop this simple behavior," William Sawyer, founder of Henry the Hand, a nonprofit organization that promotes hand hygiene (卫生), told The Washington Post. "It's the one behavior that would be better than any vaccine (疫苗) ever created."Yet, stopping this "simple" behavior might be harder than you think because it's already hardwired (固定存在于) into our system.Some face touchingis an automatic reflex (反射) —like when there is an itch (痒) on your nose, you'll scratch (挠) it without thinking. According to CNBC, a 2014 study found that touching your face also helps to reduce stress and regulate emotions. For example, you're more likely to do it when you feel awkward or embarrassed. According to Dacher Keltner, a psychologist at the University of California Berkeley, US, this action may also come with a social function: When you are talking to someone and want to change the subject, for example, touching your face is like "the curtains on a stage, closing up one act of the social drama, ushering (引导) in the next," Keltner told the BBC.Moreover, face-touching in almost all of these occasions is subconscious, which means it's very hard to change "because you don't even know you're doing it", said Sawyer. But you're not alone. In a 2015 study, wherea group of medical students were filmed in class, it was found that they touched their faces an average of 23 times an hour—with 44 percent of the touches being in the "T-zones". That was particularly surprising since medical students were supposed to know better.Since it's so hard to shake the habit, maybe the easiest way is to wash our hands more often. This way, we can be sure that our hands are free from the novel coronavirus.4. What do the first two paragraphs talk about?A. The best way to fight COVID-19B. How organizations are fighting COVID-19.C. Typical hand hygiene problems in the fight against COVID-19.D. The necessity to avoid touching our faces to fight COVID-19.5. Why is it hard for people to stop touching their faces?A. It makes people feel more confident.B. Many are unaware of this behavior's risks.C. They usually do it automatically and subconsciouslyD. Many think the action helps them express their emotions.6. Which of the following is a social function of touching faces, according to the text?A. Using it as a sign to change the topicB. Bringing a conversation to an end.C. Showing an interest in the ongoing subject.D. Making others feel relaxed while talking.7. What is the author's purpose in mentioning a 2015 study on a group of medical students?A. To give tips on how to stop touching faces.B. To prove that it is common for people to touch their faces.C. To show it is impossible to shake the habit of touching your face.D. To show how hygiene awareness helps people avoid touching their faces.CSummer is quickly passing by—but not without the ultimate meteor（流星）shower event!The2021 Perseids Meteor Shower, which is considered to be the best meteor shower of the year, is expected to start lighting up skies on this Wednesday, according to NASA. Known for fireballs, the Perseids typically light up skies on warm summer nights, leaving “long wake（尾迹）of light and color1 behind them.”Under ideal conditions, sky watchers may see approximately 50-100 meteors per hour with each meteor traveling at 37 miles per second. .Because the meteors appear in all parts of the sky, it will be pretty easy to witness the celestial（天上的）event from anywhere in the world. To get the best show, it is advised to view the Perseids from the Northern Hemisphere（半球）during the pre- dawn hours, ideally between 2 a.m. and dawn. In some cases, sky gazers may be able to seemeteors during this shower as early as 9 or 10 p. m.“If it's not cloudy, pick an observing spot away from bright lights, lie on your back, and look up! You don'tneed any special equipment to view the Perseids—just your eyes,” NASA wrote on their site, adding that telescopes or binoculars are not recommended due to their small fields of view.Remember to let your eyes become adjusted to the dark. Try to stay off of your phone too, as looking at devices with bright screens will negatively affect your night vision and thus reduce the number of meteors you see!For those who may be unable to view the Perseids in person, a live broadcast will be streaming from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, starting around 8 p. m. on Aug. 11 and continuing through sunrise on Aug. 12.8. What can we learn about the Perseids Meteor Shower?A. It will be the best meteor shower in history.B. The ultimate shower only happens on this Wednesday.C. We can observe 50- 100 meteors per hour in any place.D. The Meteors usually have long and bright trails behind them.9. Which of the following may be the best time to view the shower?A. At 4 a. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.B. At 2 p. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.C. At sunrise on the Southern Hemisphere.D. At dawn on the Southern Hemisphere.10. What can be inferred about the observation of Meteors?A. If you use a telescope, you will see more meteors.B. You can use smartphones to record the grand scene.C. The brighter the moon is, the more meteors you can see. .D. Bright lights will reduce the visibility of meteors.11. If you are not available to watch the Perseids personally, you can ________.A. browse the unofficial website of NASAB. watch a video recorded by a flight centerC. stream a live show on Aug. 11 nightD. use special devices to connect with the showerDSome of the oldest art in human history is being damaged, scientists say. And climate change may be speeding up its loss. Newresearch reports that ancient rock art in Indonesian caves is degrading over time, as bitsof rock slowly break off from the walls. It's a huge loss for human history.Salt crystals（结晶）building up on the walls are a key part of the problem, the study suggests. These salt crystals go into the cave walls, changing sizes as temperatures rise and fall. This process causes the rock to slowly break down.Salt crystals may become larger when exposed to repeated changes between wet conditions and periods of drought. These kinds of changes are expected to become more obvious as the climate continues to warm.In particular, the researchers say, climate change may cause more intense El Nino（厄尔尼诺）events in the future. These events can strengthen the kinds of conditions that help salt crystals form Scientists are still debating the exact influence of climate change on El Nino, a natural climate cycle that drives changing patterns of warming and cooling in thePacific Ocean.The new study, led by Jillian Huntley, examined 11 ancient cave art sites in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The researchers found evidence of salt formation at all 11 sites. It's merely a small part There are more than 300 known eave art sites around the region. The researchers note that salt crystals may indeed be part of the problem, adding that climate change is a growing threat, one that deserves more attention.12. What is the main cause of the rocks breaking off from the wall?A. Weather patterns.B. Salt crystals.C. Wet conditions.D. Drought Periods.13. Which of the following may researchers agree with?A. El Nino events prevent salt crystals forming.B. Climate change makes little difference to El Nino.C.Salt crystals may become much larger in wet conditions.D. Constant warm weather may cause salt crystals to change size.14. Which word best describes Huntley's attitude to climate change?A. Worried.B. Curious.C. Doubtful.D. Positive.15. What can we learn from thelast paragraph?A. The formation and patterns of salt crystals.B. The impact of climate change on ancient rock arts.C. The historical value of ancient rock art in cave sites.D. The threats of human activities to ancient eave art sites.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市奉贤中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年上海市奉贤中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe last thing Caitlin Hipp would have expected as she prepared to turn 28 years old was to be living at homewith her parents. But through working as a part-time skating instructor and restaurant server, she isn't able to earn enough to live anywhere other than home.To some degree, multigenerational households have always been a part of American life. However, the number of young adults who have been moving back in with their parents — or never leaving home in the first place — has been growing steadily.UBS Financial Services released a report that even suggests one reason for the growing number of young adultsstill living at home could be that their family doesn't want them to leave.The report shows that 74 percent of millennials (千禧一代)get some kind of financial support from their parents after college. It finds that millennials have redefined the ties that connect parents and children. Millennials see their parents as peers,friends and instructors. Nearly three quarters talked with their parents more than once a week during college. In return, their parents happily provide financial support well into adulthood, helping fund everything for them.Stuart Hoffman, chief economist for the PNC Financial Services Group in theUS, said the number of young adults striking out on their own fell during the Great Recession. Although job growth for millennials since 2014 has improved, that doesn't necessarily mean that millennials are starting to fly the nest. He said, “They may like living at home and being able to save money.“ There's no doubt it has held back household formation and purchases of things people spend money on related to household formation and perhaps related to child-raising," Hoffman explained. "But they are probably traveling more and eating out more if they don't have a house expense or marriage. I don't know if it represents a change in moral values. But it's much more common for adult children to live in their parents’ homes because it's becoming part of the culture.1. What can we learn from the UBS Financial Services' report?A. Millennials are on good terms with their parents.B. Millennials are financially independent after college.C. Parents are unwilling to give their young adults allowance.D. Parents want their kids to stay with them forever.2. What does Hoffman think of young adults' living at home?A. It increases the consumption of household products.B. It may continue despite job growth.C. It is a sign of shift in moral values.D. It is new in American culture.3. What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?A. To introduce millennials' living habits.B. To stress the importance of financial independence.C. To explain why American young adults still live at home.D. To inform people of a social trend in theUS.BUK physicist Isaac Newton once said, ''Nature is pleased with simplicity and nature is no dummy (傻子). '' Indeed, Mother Nature can provide almost everything human beings need if we follow her rules. But if we break the rules, she is likely to be cruel andlash out at us.The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (新型冠状病毒肺炎, NCP) in China and some other countries at the beginning of this year is an example. According to Xinhua News Agency, the new coronavirus is similar to a virus found in a bat in 2017 and probably has an intermediate host (中间宿主). It's believed that the virus originated from the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan, Hubei province, where live wild animals were sold.The Wall Street Journal reported that Dr Peter Daszak, president of the US-based health organization EcoHealth Alliance, said, ''This outbreak is a lesson for us. On a global scale, human population density, wildlife diversity, and land use change are what drive new pandemics (流行病). ''In ancient times, people needed to rely on nature to survive so they held it in awe (敬畏). For example, the American Indians believed that humans are a part of nature and nature is a part of humans. Chinese ancients always pursued the harmony between nature and human beings.However, as human beings master more knowledge and make more advanced tools, people try to change and even conquer nature. They use more land to make buildings, genetically modify (改变) plants, capture some wild and rare animals to suit their own needs. In this process, humans gradually lose contact with nature and eventhrow it out of balance. For example, cutting a large number of forests means carbon dioxide must build up in the atmosphere and it contributes to global warming.Although we don't know for sure what first caused the NCP outbreak, Brian Lamacraft at Medium said it's time for people to ''reflect on our relationship with our planet'' and ''reconnect with this world and everything that we've been given''. After all, according to US poet Gary Snyder, ''Nature is not the place to visit. It's our home. ''4. What does the phrase ''lash out at'' in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. punishB. controlC. testD. challenge5. What lesson did Daszak think human beings should learn from the NCP outbreak?A. Bats are one of the most dangerous wild animals.B. It's impossible to prevent new pandemics globally.C. We should stop the wildlife trade around the world.D. Humans should live peacefully with nature.6. What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?A. How human beings become their own masters.B. How human activities cause global warming.C. How human beings break the balance of nature.D. How humans use technology to improve their lives.7. What is the author's purpose in writing this article?A. To reflect on the NCP outbreak.B. To explain what led to the NCP outbreak.C. To describe experts' predictions on new pandemics.D. To compare ancient and modern attitudes toward nature.CA study has found that a lifetime of regular exercise and activity can slow down the aging process (衰老过程). Researchers say that getting older should not necessarily mean becoming more weak or sick. Their research shows that a devotion to a life of movement and exercise may help us live not only longer, but also healthier.For their study, the researchers looked at two groups. The first group was made up of 125 non-professional cyclists between the ages of 55 to 79. This group included 84 healthy men and 41 healthy women. We will call thisgroup the “cyclists”.Researchers then found 130 people to make up a second group. Within this group, 75 people were aged from 57 to 80. The other 55 were between the ages of 20 and 36. The people in this group were also healthy, but they did not exercise regularly. We will call this group the “non-exercisers”. Smokers, heavy drinkers of alcohol and people with other health issues were not included in the study.Then, researchers gave both groups a series of tests. They tested their muscle mass (肌肉质量), muscular strength, percentage of body fat and the strength of their immune (免疫的) systems. Then the researchers compared the results of the two groups.Results showed that the cyclists did not experience body changes usually regarded as a normal aging process. For example, they did not lose muscle mass or muscular strength. Also, their body fat did not increase with age.The researchers also found something they had not expected. The study showed that the immune systems of the cyclists did not age either.The researchers advise us all to find an exercise that we like in our lives.8. How did the researchers carry out the study?A. By comparing.B. By discussing.C. By imagining.D. By reasoning.9. Which of the following is a result of the research?A. The cyclists kept a thin body shape.B. The non-exercisers gained weight easily.C. The cyclists’ muscles remained strong with age.D. The non-exercisers usually had health problems.10. Which is an unexpected result for the researchers?A. The cyclists had normal aging process.B. The cyclists’ immune systems didn’t age.C. The cyclists lost nearly all their fat.D. Everyone needed an exercise in their lives.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Healthy People Need More ExerciseB. Take an Exercise, the Harder, the BetterC. Cycling Is the Best Way to Prevent AgingD. A Lifetime of Exercise Slows Aging ProcessDA team of researchersfrom theUniversityofColorado Boulderhave created a revolutionary type of robotic muscles. They are strong and flexible at the same time, can feel the movements they perform and, whenever they suffer damage, they can self-heal. However, what is best about them is probably the fact that they are extremely cheap to manufacture.The robotic muscles have been called actuators, and have drawn inspiration from real-life muscles. By creating robots equipped with this kind of actuators, researchers would allowthem to perform movements just like human muscles.To make the robotic muscles work, they filled some flexible material with electrodes(电极)and with liquid and oil. Then, they applied some electricity, and the liquid and oil started moving around the electrodes and powered them. This way, the robotic muscles started contracting and relaxing just like real muscles, but a lot quicker.Researchers also took inspiration from the variety of human muscles, and created more types of actuators, each of them performing a different movement. They called these robotic muscles HASEL ( Hydraulically-Amplified Self-healing Electrostatic). However, they are superior to biological muscles as they are stronger, faster, and more flexible.Even the researchers were amazed they could develop such technology. Eric Acome, the author of one of the studies, explained what is unique about the robotic muscles.“The ability to create electrically powered soft actuators that lift a gallon of water at several times per second is something we haven't seen before.”These muscles are special because they are also self-healing. This property is given by the liquid placed inside of them, which also gives them a lot more advantages than those mechanisms (机械)using solids. In the end, the material which keeps the liquid, the oil and the electrodes is extremely cheap. It is a type of polymer (聚合物)similar to the one used for potato chips bags, and can be manufactures for only 10 cents.12. What can we learn about actuators?A. They can heal on their own.B. They are biological muscles.C. They can not move like human muscles.D. They are slower to react than real muscles.13. What do actuators use to directly power electrodes?A. Solids.B. Liquid and oil.C. A type of polymer.D. Potato chips bags.14. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The origin of actuators.B. The opinions on actuators.C. The advantages of actuators.D. The significance of actuators.15. In which part of a newspaper will the textmost probably appear?A. Health.B. Culture.C. Education.D. Technology.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市奉贤中学高三英语期中考试试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年上海市奉贤中学高三英语期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI started working with my hands at a young age. The youngest of five brothers, I took on the role as a “maintenance (维修) man” at an early age for our family’s small grocery store. Often my dad wouldn’t give me a clear idea of how something shouldbe done, so I just had to figure it out by researching or through trial and error.Fast forward to 2016 and those problem-solving skills would become the focus of Tippecanoe High School’s Homebuilding class. I knew I wanted to teach the students skills that went beyond just being able to hammer nails or cut pieces of two-by-fours. The problem was that we didn’t have the resources at the time to do much else. The idea of attracting some type of funding seemed very important. Designing, building and selling a tiny house on wheels seemed like the perfect project to accomplishthe task. I reached out to a number of local businesses and most of them responded with the greatest support for what x k w we were doing.This year we added a new element to the program. Through one of our partners, we were able to connect with the nonprofit Veteran’s Ananda Incorporated. Students in the Homebuilding class are leading the design and production of micro houses to be donated to this organization. The new partnership gives the students another focus to consider when designing and building the houses.There has been no shortage of students since our first year. Three years ago we had 41 students, the next 191, and this year it was limited to just over 160 students so we could have a safe and manageable classroom environment. The number of girls taking the class has risen steadily over the last few years as well. This class offers something for everyone and the skills are universal.1. How can we describe the young author?A. He opened a small grocery store.B. He did a lot of research in the lab.C. He enjoyed doing hands-on activities.D. He learnt about maintenance from his father.2. What do the underlined words “the task” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Getting some financial support.B. Selling a tiny house on wheels.C. Reaching out to many local businesses.D. Offering the students some problem-solving skills.3. What can be inferred about the Homebuilding class from the last paragraph?A. Its size needs increasing.B. Itis popular with the students.C. It has caused some safety concerns.D. Its classroom environment is hard to manage.BA 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to livea decade longer than a peer who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented. And although the average American’s expected span(预期寿命) has been smooth in recent year—and, shockingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017—that of the one-third with a bachelor’s degree has continued to lengthen.This gap in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the report of the National Academy of Sciences. Anne Case and Angus Deation ofPrincetonUniversityfound that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelor’s degree started to become different in the 1990s and 2000s. This gap grew even wider in the 2010s.What is the link between schooling and longevity(长寿)? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greaterhealth.Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labor markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have decreased the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other “deaths of despair”.The authors argued that the educational gap in mortality(致死率) will widenin the wake ofthe covid-19 pandemic. ForAmerica’s overall life expectancy to start climbing again, improvements will be needed across all social groups, not just among the privileged few.4. When did the lifespans of people with and without a degree vary greatly?A. In the 1990s.B. In the 2020sC. In the 2000sD. In the 2010s5. According to the article, changes in labor markets reduce jobs for those without a degree. Which change is NOT included?A. The rising spending of employer-provided health care.B. The gap in life expectancy.C. Raised request for better-educated workers.D. The development of automation.6. What does the underlined phrase “in the wake of” probably mean ?A. afterB. untilC. beforeD. while7. What is the best title for the text?A. Changes in labor market.B. Quit bad habits by Further studyC. Educated Americans live longer.D. Highly-educated people develop healthier lifestyles.CIt is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence.There are some other important ways we shape our kids — particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words.For example, we can say to a child “Don't run into traffic！” or “Stay on the footpath close to me.” In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren't scaring themselves with what not to do.Actually, it is all in the way the human mind works.What we think, we automatically rehearse.For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn't be able to do it.When a child is told “Don't fall off the tree，” he will think of two things：“don't” and “fall off the tree”. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind.A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off.So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully.”Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things.Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words.So parents should make their commands positive.“Sam, hold on firmly to the side of the boat” is much more useful than “Don't you dare to fall out of the boat？” or “How do you think I'll feel if you drown？” The changes are small but the difference is obvious.Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words, so it pays to be positive.8. Positive choice of words helps kids to ________.A. learn in different situationsB. do things carefullyC. build up their confidenceD. improve their imagination9. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. A child will act on what is instructed.B. One can't help imagining what is heard.C. A child will fall off the tree when told not to.D. One won't think of a blue monkey when given money.10. Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe?A. How do you think I'll feel if you get hurt?B. Don't play by the lake.C. Don't you dare to walk through the red light?D. Fasten your seat belt.11. The main idea of the passage is that ________.A. positive instructions guide kidsB. praise makes kids confidentC right instructions keep kids safe D. clear commands make kids differentDBecause of COVID-19, in many places, large gatherings of people aren’t allowed. In some areas, the rules are more strict, and people aren't allowed to leave their homes unless going out is ly necessary.These steps are very important for slowing the disease down. By doing this, governments can make sure doctors and hospitals are better able to deal with all the sick people, and that fewer people suffer in all. Usually, it's called “flattening the curve”.But if no one can go out, that means businesses which depend on visitors struggle. Many singers, bands, and other musicians would normally be giving concerts now. Instead, they have to find new ways to share their music and connect with their audiences. The Metropolitan Opera in New York has canceled(取消) its season, but it is showing a special live stream of a different opera each day on its website. Other opera companies have made similar moves. Several theater companies are either offering recorded versions of their plays online or posting videos of their actors performing.Nick Green wrote a musical play that was canceled because of the virus. He set up a website with links that allow people to enjoy the work of artists around the world who have had their projects canceled. He called his project the Social Distancing Festival. He sad it was a time when he should be doing something new, rather than feeling disappointed.Even TV shows have to find new ways to film their shows. Some late night TV shows have continued, but without audiences. Others are showing reruns.While their shows are on pause, some TV stars like Conan O’Brien and Jimmy Fallon have been filming short videos at home. Mr. O’ Brien plans to bring his show back on the air soon by filming with his own phone and talking with guests over the Internet.12. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Keeping patients staying at home anytime.B. Speed up the spread of disease.C. Stopping people from often gathering up.D. Slowing down the spread of the disease.13. What are opera companies’ new ways?A. Stopping sharing music with audience.B. Providing live stream services.C. Trying to attract live audiences.D. Sharing their operas with each other14. What did the cancellation of Nick Green's play bring him?A. Disappointment.B. Annoyance .C. Creativity.D. Anxiety.15. What is the text mainly about?A. People staying at home .B. The absence of audiences.C. The efforts of Nick Green .D. Entertainment going online .第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

【上海市重点中学】2019-2020学年奉贤区高一上英语期中考试试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年奉贤区高一上英语期中考试试卷(含答案)

2019学年奉贤区调研测试高一英语试卷（时间120分钟，分值150分）2019年11月Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One big happy familyFamily sizes are shrinking（缩小）around the world. In many countries, families don’t have more than two children.Smaller families mean many children now grow up with __21__ (few) cousins. This is hard __22__ (imagine), as I come from a large extended family with 23 first cousins on one side and 25 on the other.Sometimes __23__ I can’t sleep, I test my mental acuity（敏锐度）by trying to name all my relatives. Then in the morning I get up and wonder __24__ I should make an appointment with a brain specialist.Of course, almost all of those cousins have married and had children and now their children are having children. With extended families growing to large and spreading so far. get-togethers have nearly become a thing of __25__ past.One of the last gatherings on my father’s side was at the home of a cousin __26__ has a place in the country on top of a hill. A tent __27__ (set) up, holding long tables creaking（嘎吱作响）under the weight of fried chicken, potato salad and chocolate cake. A fishing hole waited nearby for the kids. Vehicles （车辆）poured in from every direction, parking on the drive, the grass, __28__ they could find a spot. There was talking and laughing and joking and food.While such gatherings __29__ (grow) infrequent, we were all happy to be together. __30__ some of us had not seen one another since so-and-so’s wedding or somebody’s father’s funeral, most people were still easy to recognize. We share a gene pool（基因库）of people who work hard and laugh often. It was very dark when the last set of taillights disappeared into the night.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only bymeals. A study found that those snacks add up to almost one-third of all the daily calories eaten by children. And those ___31___ calories could help explain the rise in overweight children in the Untied States.The study was done at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The researchers studied the ___32___ of thirty - one thousand children ages two to eighteen over a thirty-yearperiod. They found that snacking has increased since the nineteen seventies. And what kinds of snacks have increased the ___33___? Salty, high-fat foods like chips. The study also found greater snacking on cake, cookies and other treats that past ___34___ might have saved for after dinner.The study is in the journal Health Affairs. Nutrition professor Barry Popkin was one of the lead researchers. He says parents should ___35___ snacks to one a day for children age six and older. He also advises parents and caregivers to ___36___ healthy snacks like fruits and vegetables.Professor Popkin says American schools also and to improve their nutrition. For example, schools may have vending machines（贩卖机）that offer what many people would ___37___ junk food. There has been a push for schools to offer more healthful snacks and lunch ___38___ and fewer sugary drinks.Earlier this month Coca-Cola said it would stop selling sugary drinks in American schools unless parents asked them. Its competitors at Pepsi just announced that they will stop sales of sugared drinks to schools ___39___.America’s top public health officer wants to see more ___40___ like this.Section CDirections: Read the text below. Use the word given in the brackets to form a word that fits in the space.Printing a new heartHeart disease is one of the major killers in the world today. Many who suffer from it must have heart transplants（移植）. However, it’s difficult to get a ___41___ (total) suitable heart donation, and even if a patient survives the wait, his or her body often rejects（排斥）the heart.But there is now new hope for ___42___ (suffer) of heart disease. According to a study published in the journal Advanced Science, researchers from Israel’s Tel Aviv University printed a 3D human heart on April 15.“This is the ___43___ (one) time anyone anywhere has successfully engineered and printed an entire heart.” Professor Tal Dvir told CNN.___44___ (like) the previous（早先的）3D-printed heart structure, the new heart is complete with cells, blood vessels（血管）, chambers（心室）and other structures a heart needs to work ___45___ (natural). But scientists still have more to figure out before the 3D-printed heart can be fitted into the body. At present, the heart sample is like a tiny airplane that has all of the right parts, but can’t fly.However, the ___46___ (develop) is still regarded as a major breakthrough in medicine.In the experiment, the scientists turned human fat tissue（脂肪组织）into human heart tissue with stem cell（干细胞）technology. The tissue was then turned into “bio-ink” for a 3D ___47___ (print) to ensure that tissue in the heart came from the patients ___48___ (they). So ideally, if it were to be placed in the body of someone in need of a transplant, there would be less risk of organ rejection.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, ___49___ number!” and move on. But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something ___50___. On March 19, Dennis got a group text ___51___ him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the arrival of a baby. “Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,” Dennis ___52___. The baby was born and update texts were ___53___ quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her ___54___, she didn’t seem to realize that she was ___55___ the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. “Well, I don’t know you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,” replied Dennis before asking which room the new ___56___ were in. Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his ___57___! He turned up at the hospital having gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally ___58___ by the unexpected visit. “I don’t think we invited him over but we ___59___ it and the gifts.” Teresa ___60___ a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website ___61___ by the moving words: “What a ___62___ this young man was to our family ! He was so sweet and kind to do this.” The post has since gained the ___63___ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.49. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong50. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical51. A. introducing B. reminding C. informing D. warming52. A. responded B. suggested C. predicted D. repeated53. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around54. A. opinion B. action C. excitement D. effort55. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing56. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors57. A. dream B. promise C. opinion D. project58. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. shocked D. prepared59. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect60. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted61. A. involved B. included C. added D. accompanied62. A. pity B. blessing C. chance D. problem63. A. subject B. attention C. control D. trustSection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage it followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)“It’s like living in a police state, living here,” my 15-yeare-old son screamed as he ran out of the room. The event that had sparked this explosion of anger had been a simple question about what time he thought he might be back from a party, but obviously, in his eyes, such questions turned me into some kind of evil dictator（独裁者）.Sadly, this wasn’t the first time he’d made his feelings about being asked questions clear to me. As he probably knows all too well, his hysterical（歇斯底里的）use of language never fails to annoy me --- and yes, before you ask, I have tried discussing it with him. I’ve pointed out, forinstance, that if he really were living in a police state, we’d have cameras set up in his bedroom and his phone calls, texts and e-mails would be constantly monitored; he’d searched on a regular basis! Of course, none of this makes any difference to him. He is, after all, 15 and I, after all, am his mother!This latest incident, though, did get me thinking. If he’s always going to accuse me of being a dictator, I might as well start acting like one. Maybe then he’ll appreciate how soft I’ve been up till now; from now on, I am going to punish all the ‘household crimes’ he has been getting away with for so long.No longer will I stand my son stealing the small change from my bedside table and no more will we put up with him emotionally black-mailing us. I am sick and tired of being told that he wishes he had never been born when he doesn’t get what he wants or that he won’t be able to study unless he’s allowed to spend a weekend away with his friends!From now on, I’ll be laying down the law. Any minor offences will be met with proper punishment. First, there’ll be a curfew（宵禁）, then seven days’ detention（监禁）. Later we may well take away his personal property such as his smart phone and iPad. That should surely be enough to make him change his ways!64. Why did the writer’s son feel annoyed according to the passage?A. He was afraid he would be takes to a police state.B. He found himself monitored by his parents regularly.C. He felt his mother stepped too much into his private matters.D. He was not allowed to spend a weekend away with his friends.65. The word “blackmailing” (in paragraph 4) most probably means ________.A. threatenB. involveC. produceD. strike66. How does the writer feel about the way she treats his son?A. Nervous.B. Positive.C. Special.D. Regretful.67. What is the writer going to do next?A. Turn to law if necessary.B. Be more strict with her son.C. Make her son change the way he looks.D. Stop her son using any electronic devices.(B)Stock marketShares of companies are bought and sold in the stock market. When you buy shares of a company, you own a small percentage of that company. If that company grows, the value of your investment grows, too. If your stock’s value has gone up by the time you eventually sell it, you’ve made a profit. It’s best to invest in the stock market on a long-term basis. Typically, the longer you keep your investments, the better you’ll do.Of all the investment methods listed here, stocks can earn the highest returns. However, if the company you’ve invested in doesn’t perform well financially, yourun the risk of losing money. Before you dive into the stock market, be sure to first talk to your parents and / or a financial expert for advice.Long-term savingsIf you don’t want to take risks, you might consider long-term savings. Putting your extramoney in a long-term savings account is a way better idea than putting it in a piggy bank（储蓄罐）. Those accounts earn returns, which means they grow over time. Here’s how it could work for aLoaned investmentsUnlike shares, with which you own part of a company, with loaned investments, you lend money to companies for an amount of time. When that time is up, you get your money back from the borrowers, plus interest.Loaned investments might be more stable（稳定的）than the stock market, but the returns might not he as high.68. The author of this passage advises us to ________.A. put ten yuan in our piggy banks every month.B. invest some of the money we have saved.C. use some of our extra money to big companies.D. lend our extra money to big companies69. If we put 50 yuan every month in a long-term savings account that earns six-percent returns, after ten years, we would have ________.A. 636 yuanB. 6,000 yuanC. 6,360 yuanD. 8,383 yuan70. Which of the following statements is true?A. The returns of long-term savings are higher than those of stocks.B. The stock market is safer than long-term savings.C. The returns of stocks are lower than those of loaned investments.D. Loaned investments are safer than the stock market.(C)Our daily lives are full of dangers, from driving our cars to eating cholesterol in our food. But how good are we really at assessing（评估）these risks?Not very good at all, according to Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner in their best-selling book Freakonomics, The authors give as an example the imaginary case of a little girl they call “Molly.” Her parents know that the parents of one of her friends keep a gun in their house. So Molly’s parents decide that she is not allowed to play there. Instead, they feel that Molly would be much safer spending time at another friend’s house, where there are no guns, but there is a swimming pool. You may think this is the right choice, but according to the statistics（统计）, youwould be wrong. Every year, one child per 11,000 private swimming pools is drowned in the United States. However, only one child is killed by a gun for every million guns.Molly’s parents are not unique. Generally, people are just not very good at assessing risk. Peter Sandman, a risk consultant in Princeton, New Jersey, says, “ The risks that frighten people and the risks that kill people are very different things.” He compares the dangerous bacteria（细菌）in our kitchen and diseases such as mad cow disease. “Risks that you can control are much less worrisome than risks you can’t control,” says Sandman. “We can’t tell if our meat is infected, but we can control how clean our kitchen is.”Levitt also says that people tend to be much more frightened of short-term dangers than long-term ones. The probability of someone being killed in a terrorist （恐怖分子）attack is much smaller than the probability that this same person will eat too much fatty food and die of heart disease. “But a terrorist attack happens now,” says Levitt. “Death from heart disease is a distant, quiet disaster（灾难）.”Finally, there is what Peter Sandman calls “the dread factor,” that is, how frightening we consider something to be. We are frightened by the thought of being killed in a terrorist attack, but for some reason we are not frightened by the thought of death from heart disease. Sandman sues the following equation; for most people risk = hazard (or danger) + outrage (or fright). “When the hazard is high but the terror is low, people under-react（反应不够有力）. When the hazard is low and the outrage is high, people overreact.”71. Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner give the imaginary case of a little girl named “Molly” and her parents as an example of ________.A. safety measures taken by parentsB. parents’ being too much worried about their kidsC. the use of statistics in giving kids a safe environmentD. our being unable to tell how dangerous something really is72. According to Levitt, which of the following examples indicates that what people have control over is less worrying?A. People are more frightened of dangerous bacteria than mad cow disease.B. People are more frightened of mad cow disease than dangerous bacteria.C. People are more frightened of terrorist attacks than heart disease.D. People are more frightened of heart disease than terrorist attacks.73. Which of the following is Peter Sandman most likely to agree with?A. People may respond too strongly to risks if they feel more frightened than in danger.B. How frightening we consider something to be results from our reaction to risks.C. For most people, risks are something that may put them in danger.D. Danger and fright seldom come in together.74. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Risk VS DangerB. The Results of RisksC. The Risk Factor（因素）D. Experts（专家）of Risk ControlSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentencePeople in California, US had a difficult time in November. Wildfires that spread through much of the state took at least 85 lives. ______75_______Wildfires are uncontrolled fires. They usually happen in areas where few people live. They are most common in wooded areas in the US, Canada and Australia. They are also known as forest fires or grass fires, or as bush-fires in Australia.Lightning strikes and volcanic eruptions（喷发）can cause wildfires. _____76_____ Burning campfires, garbage and cigarette butts（烟头）can easily cause wildfires. Dry and hot weather, as well as wind, creates perfect wildfire conditions. They help wildfires spread quickly and last for weeks.Wildfires can burn at over 900 ℃and reach heights of more than 50 meters. They can move at speeds of up to 23 milometers an hour, burning everything - trees, brush, homes, even people - in their path._____77_____ In Australia, koalas can’t get enough water from tree leaves because of wildfires. They have to leave their trees and find water somewhere else. But sometimes, fires can be good for some plants. Heat from the fires makes some fungi（真菌）, such as morel mushrooms （羊肚蘑）, grow better. _____78______Ⅳ. Blank-fillingDirections: Fill in the blanks with proper phrases in the box. Each phrase can only be sued once.80. People _______ gathered together to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.81. The local economy is sure to develop very fast _______ this railroad is extended to the remote small town.82. In the past few years, the rapid development of the internet _______ an information overload so that people have difficulty telling the real from the false.83. Students who began learning English as a second language _______ understand the language better than those who started later.84. Scientists get the idea from how humans develop intelligence, hoping to create robots which _______ similar human intelligence.85. Have you ever wanted _______ something on the Internet but been afraid of getting into trouble?86. Her heart broke when she hurried to hospital, where her father _______, with blood in his clothes.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.87. 这部关于中国飞行员的电影吸引了许多观众。

2019-2020学年上海市奉贤中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案

2019-2020学年上海市奉贤中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Origins of Famous BrandsOur lives are full of brand names and trademarked products that we use every day. Although many brand names are simple acronyms(首字母缩略词) or versions of their founders names, some of the companies we trust every day actually have fascinating and surprising back stories.StarbucksIt seems fitting that the most famous coffee brand in the world would take its name from one of the world’s greatest works of literature. The inspiration for the name of the coffeehouse came from Herman Melville’sMoby Dick. The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead.GoogleGoogle was originally called Backrub, for it searched for links in every corner of the Web. In 1997, when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology, a friend suggested the word “googol”. When a friend tried to register the new domain (域) name, he misspelled “googol” as “google”.NikeOriginally founded as a distributor for Japanese running shoes, the company was originally named BRS, or Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, BRS introduced its own soccer shoe, a model called Nike, which is alsothe name for the Greek goddess of victory. In 1978, the company officially renamed itself as Nike, Inc.The right name is essential to a company’s success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products.1. What is the name of the Captain Ahab’s ship?A. Moby Dick.B. Starbucks.C. Pequot.D. Herman Melville.2. Why did the founders of the Google want to change its name?A. They mistook their name.B. They wanted new customers.C. The company’s original name was too long.D. The company’s search technology was improving rapidly.3. Where does the importance of the origin story of one company lie in?A. It can change the company’s image.B. It can add myth to the company.C. It explains the development of the company to customers.D. It makes customers imagine and purchase its goods.BAlaska—The American city Anchorage is recovering from a powerful earthquake Friday that damaged public buildings, homes and roads.The 7.0 earthquake caused buildings to slake. But there have been no reports of deaths, serious injuries or damage. Officials say the quake has not affected transportation of food and her supplies. “The ships are coming in on schedule, the supply lines are at this point working well,” the government told reporters Sunday.The Glenn Highway was probably the road hit hardest by the earthquake. It connects the state's largest city to other parts in the north. Traffic has been heavy and slow—moving since the quake. Drivers are being guided. Groups of workers are trying to rebuild areas where the quake left large holes in the road.People who are still nervous after the major quake have been more upset by more than 1, 700 aftershocks. “Anything that moves, you feel terrified”said David, whose home suffered structural(结构)damage, including a sunken foundation(地基). Actually, Alaska came up with strict building rules after a 9. 2 earthquake in 1964. That was the second most powerful earthquake on record.Government officials said a public health center promises that moneyfor medical treatment will continue to come. Mental healthy service(心理健康服务)is also available for people hurt by the disaster.Earthquake experts say there is a 4 percent chance of another 7. 0 earthquake or greater in the following week. "The chance is very small, but its not impossible, ” said the expert, Paul Caruso.4. What was the result of the earthquake?A. Buildings were damaged.B. Food supply was cut off.C. Many people were killedD. The ships could not come in.5. Why is the traffic slow on the Glenn Highway?A. Because small quakes hit the city.B. Because falling rocks are a danger.C. Because the highway is badly damaged.D. Because drivers are misled.6. What can you learn from Paul Caruso?A. Another greater earthquake is on the way.B. Chances still exists of another earthquake.C. It will be safe in the 1th week after the quake.D. There is no possibility for more quakes.7. Where can your possibly read the passage?A. Ina story book.B. In a travel journal.C. In a poster.D. In a newspaper.CMove over, helicopter parents. “Snowplow (扫雪机) parents” are the newest reflection of an intensive (强化的) parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.Helicopter parenting the practice of wandering anxiously near one’s children, monitoring their every activity, is so 20th century. Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: machines moving ahead, clearing any difficulties in their children’s path to success, so they don’t have to suffer failure, frustration (挫折) or lose opportunities.It starts early, when parents get on wait lists for excellent preschools before their babies are born and try to make sure their kids never do anything that may frustrate them. It gets more intense when school starts: running forgotten homework to school or calling a coach to request that their children make the team.Rich parents may have more time and money to devote to making sure their children don’t ever meet with failure, but it’s not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting. This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature enough to do so. That’s why parents hide certain toys from babies to avoid getting angry or take away a teenager’s car keys until he finishes his college applications.But snowplow parents can take it too far, some experts say. If children have never faced a difficulty, what happens when they get into the real world?“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child developmentexperts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t acquire them.”8. What do we know about snowplow parenting?A. It appeared before helicopter parenting.B. It costs parents less than helicopter parenting.C. It was a typical phenomenon of the 20th century.D. It provides more than enough services for children.9. What is mainly discussed about snowplow parenting in Paragraph 4?A. Its cost.B. Its benefits.C. Its popularity.D. Its ending.10. Why does the author mention parents’ taking away car keys?A. To show teenagers are no better than babies.B. To advise teenagers not to treat their cars as toys.C. To advise parents not to buy cars for their teenagers.D. To show it’s appropriate to help children when necessary.11. What’s the possible result of snowplow parenting according to the experts?A. Children lacking problem-solving ability in reality.B. Children mastering more key life skills than parents.C. Children gaining great success in every aspect of life.D. Children meeting no problems or frustration after growing up.DIf you could travel back in time, which period of history would you visit? It’s a great question to ask your friends, and time travel is the subject of many science fiction films. Of course, sci-fi is familiar to most of us, butwhat is cli-fi? The simple answer is climate fiction which focuses on the subject of climate change.Many of the cli-fi examples we watch tend to be disaster films. It could be solar flares (太阳耀斑), ice ages devastating (摧毁) the planet, extreme flooding swamping the earth with water, or super-storms that threaten life as we know it. While films and novels of this style are often subject to the typical images of a hero or heroine battling to save the day, what sets it apart from most sci-fi films is that the plots will often draw on apparently reasonable outcomes in the near future.Climate change and the potential threats have long been established. Some believe that the issue of climate change has even led to more fans watching films to learn more about what's happening to the world – seeing it as a form of edutainment. A study conducted by the Yale programme on Climate Change Communication tested theeffects that two climate fiction novels can have on its readers and found “significant positive effects” in terms of their attitudes and beliefs towards the climate crisis – for example, understanding global warming will harm them and future generations.Most climate films are not only extremely popular action films, but also cause our fear of what some see as the approaching end of the world. This sounds bad, but according to a study conducted on 310 adults in the US, watching such scary films can help us feel more prepared and less alone in situations such as the pandemic (疫情). So, it looks like cli-fi is hereto stay – and there seem to be some benefits. Whether it’s there to educate, entertain or prepare you for a climate crisis, it might have a role to play.12. Which of the following may be the subject of cli-fi?A. Time travel.B. Global warming.C. Weather forecast.D. Economic climate.13. What can we learn about cli-fi films from paragraph 2?A. They are often about extreme natural disasters.B. They want to show that man can conquer nature.C. They usually have similar plots with sci-fi films.D. They can show the true near future of the world.14. Why is the study conducted by the Yale programme mentioned in paragraph 3?A. To prove that climate change has potential threats.B. To show that people like climate fiction novels.C. To tell that cli-fi novels have positive effects on readers.D. To explain how the climate crisis affect the human being.15. What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the last paragraph?A. Cli-fi films are very popular as action films.B. A study was conducted on 310 adults in theUS.C. The pandemic make people scared and alone.D. Cli-fi films are useful and will be here to stay.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市奉贤中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案

2019-2020学年上海市奉贤中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AContact CCA's Special Programs to learn more about our wide range of credit and noncredit opportunities for academic and personal development.Summer ProgramAn exceptional 4-week program for students currently completing their study of high school.Earn 3 college credits!Our setting is CCA's Oakland campus, where studio-focused, college-level courses help you push beyond concepts to portfolio(作品集)－ready pieces. On-campus Housing & Scholarships available!Summer CoursesCCA offers about 35 for-creditdegree courses each summer, scheduled on theSan FranciscoandOaklandcampuses.Undergraduate and graduate students can work with a visiting artist, develop skills and stay on track for graduation by earning credits...all while still allowing time to visit family, work, travel, etc.For information about summer housing, please contact the Office of Residential Life at 510594722 or housing@ ca. edu.Summer StartSummer Start is a six-week program designed specifically for international undergraduate and graduate students. This is a for-credit program; students receive six credits towards their degree. During the program, you must live on CCA'sSan Franciscocampus.Tuition includes six units of discounted graduate college credit, which will include books, field trip expenses and one-on-one tutoring. Housing fees include six weeks at CCA's San Francisco Panoramic Residence.Company-Customized ProgramsCCA's Office of Special Programs can design customized workshops to develop and strengthen employee skills within your company. Customized programs have included:An Ideation Sketching class, for the design team of a national clothing retailer, scheduled Friday afternoons onSan Franciscocampus.Software-specific workshops, for designers from a national paper products and gifts retailer, scheduled in a two-day workshop format during the week on ourOaklandcampus.1.Who would most potentially apply for Summer Program?A.Employees in companies.B.International undergraduate and graduate students.C.High school graduates.D.Undergraduate and graduate students.2.What can students do if they take Summer Courses?A.Go on a field trip.B.Visit famous artists.C.Make some friends.D.Earn some credits.3.What are students required to do if they take Summer Start?A.Live on one of the campuses.B.Pay school fees in advance.C.Read as many books as possible.plete the courses on time.BGlobal food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.4. What is the best title of this passage?A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the FutureC. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their HandsD. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields5. The character of the extensive farming is ________.A. very cost-effectiveB. to produce more crops per acreC. at cost of more new land to produce more foodD. very environmentally friendly6. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farmingB. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farmingC. the intensive farming needs less food producersD. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems7. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.A. poorer nationsB. the effects of extensive farmingC. wealthy nationsD.future food demandCOne day about eight years ago in the departure lounge (休息室) of a flight from New York's LaGuardia airport to O'Hare in Chicago, I found a young boy in tears and his mother at his side also appeared upset, I walked to them and invited them to our VIP lounge.As it turned out, the boy, Miles and his mom were returning to their home in Kansas City. Miles has had some health problems. Though he had received more than thirty operations in a Jewish Hospital in New York, he would be back for more.Miles enjoyed spending his time in our VIP lounge looking at the entire wall filled with the pictures of many celebrities (名人) who often came to our office. We soon added Miles' picture to the wall among those celebrities.Among the celebrities, Miles like the country singer Garth Brooks best. Miles would just sit and stare at Garth's picture,Oneday, Mr. Brooks was waiting in the lounge for his flight. As he looked at the collection of photographs, Garth asked about the youngster with the big smile. We told him about Miles. We also told him how much Miles loved and respected (尊重) him. He nodded and left.About six months later, Garth was going to be performing in Kansas City and he asked our workers to help him get in touch with the family. He wanted Miles to be his guest. That evening, not only did Miles sit in the front row, but he and Garth also had a private meeting after the performance.Although Miles would receive many more treatments after that special evening, his smile greeted us with every following visit. The face of a sick boy was changed by the joy of a stranger.8. What does the author probably do?A. A worker at an airport.B. A killed photographer.C. A country music singer.D. A doctor in a Jewish hospital.9. What did Miles enjoy doing in the VIP lounge?A. Interviewing celebrities he saw there.B. Seeing pictures of celebrities on the wall.C. Drawing pictures of the celebrities there.D. Singing together with his favorite singer.10. Which words can best describe Garth Brooks?A. Determined and generous.B. Proud and selfish.C. Kind and helpful.D. Powerful and rich.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Importance of Good ServiceB. Kindness from StrangersC. A Serious Health ProblemD. A Helpless MotherDWhere doyou usually put your toothbrush?Do you keep it in the bathroom? How’s your toothbrush looking these days? Even if you can’t see it with a naked eye, experts say it may be saturated(使饱和)with millions of toilet germs!Dr. Charles Oerba, a germ expert, is amicrobiology professor at the University of Arizona. He says there are approximately 3 million bacteria per square inch in most toilet bowls, and every time you flush it without closing the lid, those millions of bacteria droplets spray into the air as far as twenty feet away and dirty everything in their path. And a common victim is your poor toothbrush, usually, left out on the bathroom sink, right?So, what do we do? Dr. Gerba says it’s easy. Close the toilet lid before you flush—that’ll greatly cut downthe germs, which will otherwise float in the air. And wash your toothbrush every few days in mouthwash or peroxide to get rid of any germs hiding in it. You can even put it through the dishwasher to sanitize(消毒)it. And always store your toothbrush in a closed cabinet.Here’s one more tip from Dr. Gerba, who says our kitchen sink is probably dirtier than our toilet. “If an alien came from space and studied the bacterial counts, he probably would conclude he should wash his hands in your toilet and go to the bathroom in your sink.” He says that’s because the kitchen sink is a great place where E. coli(大肠杆菌)to live and grow since it’s wet and damp. Bacteria feed on the food that people put down the drain or—that’s left on dishes in the sink. To reset your sink’s bacteria count back to zero, you’d better regularly wash it with hot water and sanitize yoursink with special chemicals. In fact, you may want to do it every day or before preparing dinner.12. What is the purpose of the text?A. To show how to brush your teeth.B. To tell people the importance of health.C. To warn people of the invisible germs.D. To introduce a microbiology professor.13. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Bathroom sinks are the dirtiest places.B. Bacteria are bad for people’s health.C. Why bacteria spread through the air.D. How bacteria spread in the bathroom.14. What does the underlined word“that”in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. The food.B. The toothbrush.C. The sink.D. The chemical.15. Why does Dr. Gerba mention the example of an alien?A. To tell us a fiction story of an alien studying bacteria.B. To show our kitchen sink may be dirtier than our toilet.C. To teach us how to reset sink’s bacteria count back to zero.D. To prove coli prefers to live in the kitchen and the drain.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海奉贤实验中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析

2019-2020学年上海奉贤实验中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABrooklyn Botanic GardenBrief IntroductionThe Brooklyn Botanic Garden (BBG) was acquired by the city of Brooklyn in 1854 along with the land that is Prospect Park.There are so many gardens on display at the BBG that is honestly hard to keep count ofthem. There’s the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden, the Osborne Garden, the Shakespeare Garden... you get the point. Each garden that is displayed will be showing off a different group of amazing plants that come m all sorts of color1 s and sizes. The Brooklyn Botanic Garden offers something for the entire family. They even have a Children’s Garden for the little ones.AttractionsJapanese Hill and Pond GardenOne of the most frequency visited gardens at BBG, the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden is certainly a favorite among visitors. This garden features a variety of styles as well as beautiful scenery with a viewing pavilion (亭子) and a waterfall. The Shogun Lantern featured in the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden is over 500 years old. It was given to the Brooklyn Botanic Garden as a gift from the city of Tokyo.Children’s GardenChildren have been planting plants at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden since 1914 and continue their efforts today. Currently, there are over a thousand children contributing to the Children’s Garden.Shakespeare GardenFor those who have fallen in love with the works of Shakespeare, this will be a garden that they can truly appreciate. Over 80 plants that have been mentioned in the writing of Shakespeare currently grow in the Shakespeare Garden.Getting to Brooklyn Botanic GardenBrooklyn Botanic Garden: 900 Washington Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11225Closest Subway: Prospect Park/ Eastern Parkway/ Franklin AvenueBus Tour Stops: Stop 34 or 35 Brooklyn routeOpening Times15 March— 6 November：Tuesday—Friday: 8:00 am—6:00 pm; Saturday—Sunday: 10:00 am—6:00 pm8 November —11 MarchMonday—Friday: 8:00 am—4:30 pm; Saturday —Sunday: 10:00 am—4:30 pm1.Where can visitors enjoy a waterfall?A.Osborne Garden.B.Shakespeare Garden.C.Children’s Garden.D.Japanese Hill and Pond Garden.2.How can visitors go to the Brooklyn Botanic Garden?A.By taking a bus to Prospect Park.B.By taking a bus to 34 Washington Avenue.C.By taking the subway to Franklin Avenue.D.By taking the subway to Stop 35 on the Brooklyn route.3.When can Nancy visit the Brooklyn Botanic Garden in December?A.5:00 pm on Thursday.B.8:30 am on Wednesday.C4:3 0 pm on Friday. D.9:00 am on Saturday.BIt is essential that students have a category of school-related activities they can participate in. These activities can range from activities during normal school hours to after-school activities. No matter the time, these activities should be available to every student, and at Victory Pioneers International Schools (V.P.I.S) it is encouraged that every student participate in at least one activity, educational and recreational.One of the primary reasons school activities are important at V.P.I.S. is because it gives students the exercise they might not normally receive. Most popularly, these types of activities include major sports such as football, basketball, baseball, tennis, track and field and soccer but also might include gymnasium games and other games.Activities during V.P.I.S. also make a good impression on colleges if students are planning to pursue more education. Colleges look for students who do not just go to school and go home after school. These activities range from participating in clubs and sports to volunteering after school at a recreation center or having a part-time job. If a college sees you maintained good grades while participating in these activities, it will beimpressed.V.P.I.S. activities also allow students to be creative. Gifted-and-talented activities allow gifted students to participate in what they otherwise would never have experienced in the classroom. They are a great way to allow students to be creative. Additionally, participating in clubs such as drama that appeal to students’ interest also allows them to expand their knowledge and be creative.Students also can have their interests expanded by participating in activities. These activities could consist of anything, such as joining the Future Business Leaders, the school’s debate team and the chess team, to name a few. By participating in these activities, a student might realize he is interested in something he never knew he was interested in before.4. What can we learn about activities at V.P.I.S.?A. Not every student has access to them.B. Students are required to take part in them after school.C. They give students exercise that might not be got in other schools.D. Educational activities are more popular with the students.5. What benefits can the students get from the activities?A. They can get extra grades when applying for colleges.B. They will become more gifted and talented .C. They may expand their knowledge in drama.D. They may better know their own interests.6. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage?A. The Benefits of V.P.I.S. ActivitiesB. School-related Activities at V.P.I.S.C. Colleges Need Creative StudentsD. Activities Make You Creative7. Where is the passage probably from?A. A scientific magazine.B. A college application guideline.C. A club introduction.D. The website of V.P.I.S.CWhere doyou usually put your toothbrush?Do you keep it in the bathroom? How’s your toothbrush looking these days? Even if you can’t see it with a naked eye, experts say it may be saturated(使饱和)with millions of toilet germs!Dr. Charles Oerba, a germ expert, is amicrobiology professor at the University of Arizona. He says there areapproximately 3 million bacteria per square inch in most toilet bowls, and every time you flush it without closing the lid, those millions of bacteria droplets spray into the air as far as twenty feet away and dirty everything in their path. And a common victim is your poor toothbrush, usually, left out on the bathroom sink, right?So, what do we do? Dr. Gerba says it’s easy. Close the toilet lid before you flush—that’ll greatly cut downthe germs, which will otherwise float in the air. And wash your toothbrush every few days in mouthwash or peroxide to get rid of any germs hiding in it. You can even put it through the dishwasher to sanitize(消毒)it. And always store your toothbrush in a closed cabinet.Here’s one more tip from Dr. Gerba, who says our kitchen sink is probably dirtier than our toilet. “If an alien came from space and studied the bacterial counts, he probably would conclude he should wash his hands in your toilet and go to the bathroom in your sink.” He says that’s because the kitchen sink is a great place where E. coli(大肠杆菌)to live and grow since it’s wet and damp. Bacteria feed on the food that people put down the drain or—that’s left on dishes in the sink. To reset your sink’s bacteria count back to zero, you’d better regularly wash it with hot water and sanitize yoursink with special chemicals. In fact, you may want to do it every day or before preparing dinner.8. What is the purpose of the text?A. To show how to brush your teeth.B. To tell people the importance of health.C. To warn people of the invisible germs.D. To introduce a microbiology professor.9. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Bathroom sinks are the dirtiest places.B. Bacteria are bad for people’s health.C. Why bacteria spread through the air.D. How bacteria spread in the bathroom.10. What does the underlined word“that”in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. The food.B. The toothbrush.C. The sink.D. The chemical.11. Why does Dr. Gerba mention the example of an alien?A. To tell us a fiction story of an alien studying bacteria.B. To show our kitchen sink may be dirtier than our toilet.C. To teach us how to reset sink’s bacteria count back to zero.D. To prove coli prefers to live in the kitchen and the drain.DA PhD student inMichigandefended her paper while wearing a skirt madeof rejection letters she received while studying. 29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters — from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences — then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.She said that the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize rejection and take pride in overcoming it. "The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed," she said. "A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way."Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science atMichiganStateUniversity, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. If a student doesn't get the grant or the spot in the academic journal, that's okay. They'll still have learned something in the process.As for Caitlin? Her rejections over the years have led to great things: Since her doctorate, she's won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture inGermany.Currently, she's a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. As for what the future holds? "I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way," she joked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a longer skirt."12. What can we learn about Caitlin Kirby's rejection letters?A. She received 17 rejections in total.B. 29 of her rejections were from journals.C. The rejections were connected into a fan.D. She made some rejection letters into a skirt.13. What is Julie Libarkin's attitude towards Caitlin's action?A. Favorable.B. Ambiguous.C. Skeptical.D. Opposed.14. Which of the following words can best describe Catlin?A. Creative and considerate.B. Caring and determined.C. Optimistic and humorous.D. Generous and intelligent.15. Which of the following may Caitlin agree with?A. Hard work pays off.B. Education is the entrance to success.C. Self-respect earns more respect.D. One needs to normalize failures.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市奉城高级中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案

2019-2020学年上海市奉城高级中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AEach year, theLas Vegasconsumer electronics show, or CES, presents the latest developments in many areas of technology. The newest products are designed to make our lives easier, fun and more productive.A car with legsOne of this year’s presentations was by South Korean carmaker Hyun-dai. The company introduced a small model of a “ walking car,” which is called Elevate. It has four movable legs that can raise the main part of the vehicle high off the ground. The electric-powered vehicle is designed to be used in search-and-rescue operations during emergencies or natural disasters.Changeable people moverGermany's Mercedes presented an experimental self-driving vehicle that it claims can revolutionize transportation for people and goods. The company says the vehicle, called Vision Urbanetic, will be able lo easily change bodies depending on its desired use. Mercedes says as a ride-sharing vehicle , the futuristic-looking car can seat 12 people.Fully electric HarleyAmerican manufacturer Harley-Davidson showed off its first fully electric motorcycle, called LiveWire. The company says the bike will be able to go 177 kilometers between charges. It can reach 96 kilometers per hour in under3.5 seconds. Although Harley is known for building powerful bikes with huge, loud motors, the LiveWire will be unusually quiet.Personal robotsOne of the new robots, called Temi, is really just a computer tablet on wheels. It is designed to be a personal electronic assistant. It moves around the home and performs commands when spoken to. It can link users to friends through voice or video, connect to video or place orders for food or goods.1. Which do you probably use to search for the injured in an earthquake?A. Elevate.B. Vision Urbanetic.C. LiveWire.D. Temi.2. What is the first fully electric motorcycle produced by Harley-Davidson?A. ElevateB. Hyun-daiC. LiveWire .D. Temi .3. Why are the four products designed?A. To ease traffic jam.B. To help us socialize.C. To improve our life.D. To protect the environment.BLas Vegascity inNevadais built in a desert. The city may be known to the outside world for its partying. But officials have found that there are 21 square kilometers of useless grass. The grass is never laid on, played on or even stepped on. The grass is only there to look nice.Now, the city is asking theNevadastate legislature to ban useless grass. It is trying to become the first place inAmericato ban that kind of grass often seen between streets, in housing developments and in office parks.It is estimated that useless grass makes up 40% of all the grass inLas Vegasand it needs a lot of water to survive. Grass needs four times more water than dry climate plants like cactus. By tearing out the grass, the city could reduce yearly water usage by 15%.In 2003, the Southern Nevada Water Authority banned developers from planting grass in front of new homes. It also offered homeowners $ 30 for each square meter of grass they tear out. But fewer people are now using the program. Water usage has increased in southernNevadaby 9% since 2019. And last year,Las Vegaswent a record 240 days without major rainfall. The Colorado River provides much ofNevada's drinking water. The river could lose more water as climate change affects it.Water officials in other dry cities said water usage needs to be reduced. But they fear the reaction to reforms like the ones inLas Vegasif their communities do not accept them. Cynthia Campbell is the water resources adviser for the city ofPhoenixinArizona. “There might come a point when city restrictions get too severe for some residents. They'll say that is the point of no return for them,”Campbellsaid. “For some people, it's a pool. For some people, it's grass.”4. Why doesLas Vegascity try to ban useless grass?A. To protect the local people.B. To beautify the city.C. To reduce water usage.D. To reduce waste.5. What program was carried out inLas Vegasin 2003?A. Allowing planting grass before new houses.B. Encouraging the residents to tear out grass.C. Praising those who signed on the program.D. Awarding those who reduced water usage.6. What is implied inCampbell's words in the last paragraph?A. Many residents won't follow the ban.B. Reaction to the reform will vary personally.C. Other measures should be taken to protect wetter.D. Water officials should take many factors into account.7. What is the best title for the text?s VegasPlans to Ban Useless GrassB. A Method Is Adopted to SaveLas VegasC. Choices between Beauty and PracticeD. Grass Is Important but Useless inLas VegasCI don’t want to talk about being a woman scientistagain. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated (controlled) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space, time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics (天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement — jobs, research papers, awards — was viewed through the lens (镜片) of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations (挑衅): I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45.I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.8. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?A. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination (歧视).B. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D. She finds space research more important.9. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute (把……归因于) the author’s failures to ________.A. the burden she bears in a male-dominated societyB. her involvement in gender politicsC. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicistD. the very fact that she is a woman10. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C. People’s fixed attitude toward female scientists.D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.11. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A. Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.B. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.C. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.D. Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.DI dropped out of college after my first year. Three years later, I returned to college after having been stuck in a dead-end job, working at a department store. I saw school as my way out. But I quickly found myself up against the same problems that had caused me to give up before. I was in over my head with college-level algebra (代数) and a heavy workload of reading and writing homework. In addition, I was still unsure of my career (职业) direction。

2019-2020学年上海市奉城高级中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年上海市奉城高级中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMarch means spring inSt. Louis. The city hosts plenty of events — both indoor and outdoor — that make March a perfect crowd-free month to visit. You may even want to plan your trip around it.See the Butterflies at Morpho Mardi GrasPHONE +1314-577-0888In the Butterfly House inFaustPark, thousands of bright blue butterflies are on display. These butterflies — types found mostly in South America, Mexico, and Central America — include over 29 different species and 147 subspecies(亚种）, making the venue a wonderful place for kids, as they can learn about the critical role butterflies play in nature.Enjoy March Madness with Arch MadnessPHONE +1314-622-5400March is the best time of the year for basketball fans. The action inSt. Louisbegins with March Madness, the Missouri Valley Conference Tournament. Games take place during the first week in March at theScottradeCenter.Catch a Fabulous Fox Theatre Broadway ShowPHONE +1314-534-1111Each month, the Fabulous Fox Theatre hosts a variety of touring Broadway shows. And while tickets are slightly cheaper than that inNew York City, the quality of the performances doesn’t lack one bit. Check the schedule and buy tickets ahead of time, as the shows generally fill the venue.Celebrate World Eagle Day at the World Bird SanctuaryPHONE +1636-225-4390World Eagle Day is celebrated with live eagle presentations, educational activities and games. Learn aboutAmerica’s national symbol, as well as other foreign species. Get your photo taken with your favorite bird or adopt an eagle.1. Which of the following is attractive to kids?A. Seeing the Butterflies at Morpho Mardi Gras.B. Enjoying March Madness with Arch Madness.C. Catching a Fabulous Fox Theatre Broadway Show.D. Celebrating World Eagle Day at the World Bird Sanctuary.2. If you are a basketball fan, you can call________.A. +1314-577-0888B. +1314-622-5400C. +1314-534-1111D. +1636-225-43903. Why does the author recommend the Fabulous Fox Theatre?A. It is one of the branches of Broadway.B. It isnot far away fromNew York City.C. It doesn't charge the audience for tickets.D. It provides wonderful shows with cheaper tickets.BA team of engineers atHarvardUniversity in trying to create the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks."The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own’ said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings hasa number of interdependencies (相互依赖）on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it d connected to,” said Wood.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites，in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. "Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animal，but using these robots instead” he said. "So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”4. What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly?A. It's automatic.B.It's very small.C. It's controllable.D. It's quite powerful.5. We can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can____ .A. act as a spy planeB. help do farm workC.fly at a very high speedD. answer many scientific questions6. What is Wood's idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph?A. It is highly questionable.B. It has wide practical applications.C. It gives scientists interest in flying machines.D. It points to a new direction in studying biology.7. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Harvand's Study in the Field of Insects.B. A Breakthrough in Engineering ScienceC. An Interesting Invention一Robotic FlyD. Robotic Fly一a Copy of Real Life InsectCOnce a rich and clever boy had practically everything a boy could want, so he was not interested in most toys. But he couldn't get a very old mirror, and heconvinced his parents to buy it from mysterious（神秘的）old man. When the mirror arrived home, the boy went to see his reflection in it. His face looked very sad indeed. He tried smiling and making funny faces, but his reflection continued with its sad expression. "What a terrible mirror! It's the first time I've seen a mirror that didn't work properly!" the boy jumped violently.That same afternoon he went into the street to play and bought a few toys, but on his way to the park he saw a little girl who was crying her heart out. The girl was crying so much and looked so lonely that the rich boy went over to help her and to see what had happened. The little girl told him that she had lost her parents.Together the two set off in search of the parents. As the little girl wouldn't stop crying, the boy spent his money buying her sweets to cheer her up. Finally, after much walking, they found her parents who were much worried and were looking for her everywhere.The rich boy said goodbye to them. As it was getting late, he decided to head for home, without being able to play. At home, he went to his room, and noticed a shining light in the corner, the same corner he had left the mirror in. Seeing this, he went over to the mirror, and realised that the light was coming from his own body, so radiant（闪亮的）with happiness he had become.And so he understood the mystery of that mirror, the only mirror which could faithfully reflect the true joy ofits owner. He realised it was true. He felt very happy at having helped that little girl. And since then, each morning when he looked in that mirror and failed to see a special shine, he knew what he had to do to bring it back.8. How did the boy feel when he first looked into the mirror?A. Embarrassed.B. Angry.C. Worried.D. Delighted.9. Why was the little girl crying so hard?A. She couldn't find her parents.B. She couldn't get the mysterious mirror.C. Her parents couldn't buy toys for her.D. The boy refused to give his toys to her.10. What could the boy see in the mirror after he went back from the park?A. A shining toy.B. A broken mirror.C. His happy face.D. The lovely girl.11. What is the purpose of this text?A. To tell us a horrible story.B. To introduce to us a strange mirror.C. To warn us not to be selfish.D. To encourage us to help others.DIt’s a big change from homeless teen to Yale (耶鲁)medical school student, butperseverancepaid off for Chelesa Fearce of Clayton County, Georgia.Fearce was a fourth grader when her mom was diagnosed (诊断) with Lymphoma (淋巴瘤).That began a hard time for the family. They had to move in and out of shelters,hotels and even the family car.“I know I have been made stronger. I was homeless. My family slept on the floor and we were lucky if we got more than one full meal a day. Getting a shower, food and clean clothes was an everyday struggle,” Fearce said in a speech she gave at her high school graduation ceremony. Fearce overcame her day-to-day struggles by focusing on a better day. “I just told myself to keep working, because the future will not be like this anymore. And that helped me get through,” she told WSBTV.Fearce was determined to be a good role model for her younger sister. She found inspiration in her late grandmother, struggling with deadly diseases, who gave Fearce emotional support. In her junior and senior year, Fearce took both high school and college courses, missing out on the free meals she depended on so she could get to her college classes. Despite having to use her cellphone to study after the shelter lights were turned off at night, she not only graduated as valedictorian (毕业生代表) of her 2013 class with a 4.5 grade average, but was also given a ride scholarship—including a meal plan to Spelman College in Atlanta.After graduation, she worked full time for two years at the National Institutes for HealthinBethesda,Maryland,doing research on drugs. Last fall, she entered Yale and set a course to earn both a PhD and medical degree.12. What does the underlined word “perseverance” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. instant passion.B. continuous efforts.C. great patience.D. selfless ambitions.13. How did Fearce feel facing the sufferings?A. Sad and disappointed.B. Stressed and defeated.C. Determined and confident.D. Joyous and contented.14. What can we know about Fearce’s learning experience?A. Her grandma encouraged her to study medicine.B. Her high school offered her free meals and courses.C. She failed to study late due to frequent power cut.D. She gained remarkable high school achievement.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. From Homeless to YaleB. Meet American’s Top GirlC. Disabled but not DefeatedD. Chelesa Fearce: A Girl of Many Talents第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

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