跨文化交际导论期末试题b卷
跨文化交际导论(含答案)
对外经济贸易大学远程教育学院2009-2010学年第二学期跨文化交际导论(英) 复习大纲课程名称: ENG338a【跨文化交际导论(英)】考核方式: 开卷笔试[占总分的70%]复习范围：以指定教材（第1-9章）为主，课件内容为辅。
试题形式：客观试题50 题，每题2分，题型共三种形式：I. Definition Matching.Match the terms with their definitions. （给术语配对定义，10题，1题2分，共20分）II． True-False. Circle A if the statement is true; circle B if it is false. （判断各句是否正确，20题，1题2分，共40分）III. Multiple Choice. Circle the letter corresponding to the correct response. （在所给的4个选项中选择一个最恰当的答案，20题，1题2分，共40分）复习方法：●认真学习指定教材，结合课件的教学内容，全面复习，从总体上掌握这门跨学科课程的特点；●理解各讲中的主要教学内容，即每讲开始前的Learning Objectives，不要死记硬背，重理解、勤思考、细观察，从跨文化交际的角度对文化差异进行分析、记忆、总结；●要力图将跨文化交际理论与交往实践相结合，将西方文化交际的理论与实践与中国的本土文化相结合，通过大量真实生动的交际的成败案例的学习，提高分析问题和解决问题的能力；●参考指定教材各章后的练习以及书后附的两套模拟自测题，术语定义配对题、是非题和多项选择题可帮助复习检验对所学内容熟悉的掌握程度，熟悉客观题型，问答题和案例有助于进一步理解。
跨文化交际导论课程期末考试模拟题（答案供参考）Ⅰ. Match the following terms with their definition. （20%）1.the study of the way that people use physical space to convey messages. B2.the way in which time is used in a culture. A3.the actual practice of concepts or beliefs. E4.the total activity of learning one's culture. C5.social principles, goals, or standards accepted by persons in a culture. DA.Temporal language/chronemicsB.Behavior communicationC.Spatial language/proxemicsD.EnculturationE.Values6. between nations and governments rather than individuals A7. perceptions about certain groups of people or nationalities C8. a learned organization of rules for making choices and for solving conflicts B9. volume, pitch, and rate that affects message meaning E10. the idea that every act of communication must happen in some sort of surroundings DA.internationalB.contextC.valueD.stereotypesE.paralanguageⅡ.True or FalseMark A if the statement is true; mark B if it is false.11.When engaging in small talk with a person of another culture, remember that discussing one'sfamily and political discussions are inappropriate topics in all cultures. B12.Transference of pragmatic rules refers to the transference of corresponding words andsentence structure from mother tongue to target language. A13.Since all cultures share the same basic values, cultures attach the same meanings to thesebasic values. B14.Primary values are the most important. A15.Some countries officially recognize religious rituals that affect business encounters. A16.People in the United States place a greater emphasis on history and do not like change ascompared with people of Asian and Latin cultures. B17.The behavior of John lying in bed and reading a novel is a two-way contact. B18.Linear Model is one of the earliest and still the most useful attempts to describe thecommunication process A19.International communication takes place between such groups as African Americans andLatin Americans. B20.Intercultural communication as a discipline was not established in U.S. until the 1980s. A21.Without the cultural rules people also can behave properly. B22.Culture is not something we are born with, but rather it is learned. A23.Kisses and hugs are not appropriate greeting behavior between males of any culture. B24.In Germany, business gifts are usually exchanged at the beginning of formal negotiations.A25.New and improved technology, growth in the world’s population, and shifts in the globaleconomic arena have increased globalization. A26.No country is completely self-sufficient. A27.All cultures require and value politeness, but the ways in which the politeness is achievedmay vary significantly. A28.International English is used only by businesspeople who practice English as a secondlanguage. B29.International communication takes place between such groups as African Americans andLatin Americans. B30.The process of learning culture is always conscious. B31.Ethnocentrism leads to a objective evaluation of how another culture conducts its dailybusiness. A32.The hierarchy is a theory has not been proven applicable to all the countries. A33.Cultures may differ, but communication practices do not differ. B34.Culture is ongoing and subject to change. A35.The term “co-cultures” suggests the inequal ity between groups. B36.Chinese is an example of linear language. Amunication barriers are caused by the same communication having different meanings indifferent cultures. B38.New and improved technology, growth in the world’s population, and shifts in the globaleconomic arena have increased globalization. A39.Power distance in the United States is comparatively high. B40.Pragmatic failure is the inability to understand what is meant by what is said. A41.Values motivate people. A42.Attitudes are the same thing as values. A43.Eventually, with the spread of technology everyone will have the same values. B44.In order to understand a culture's values, you need only to learn the "do's and taboos" of behavior in that culture. A45.Social class is unimportant in negotiator selection. B46. Relationship building is important in Arab and Latin America. A47. Achievement in countries with high masculinity scores is expressed through material possessions. B48. Acculturation is the socialization process of how people learn their own culture through what is said and done. A48. Consumers in high uncertainty avoidance cultures tend to perceive little or no risk in the purchase of new products . A49. Intercultural communication competence requires sufficient awareness, knowledge, motivations, and skills. A50. Values are enduring attitudes about the preferability of one belief over another. B51. Cultures are so different that we will never be able to communicatesuccessfully. B52. Transference of pragmatic rules refers to the transference of corresponding words andsentence structure from mother tongue to target language. A53. Today intercultural communication encounters are different from encountersof the past. A54. All languages can, in their own way, distinguish between present and pastevents, but they may not feel that this distinction is important enough to createa system of verb tense. A55. Kisses and hugs are not appropriate greeting behavior between males of anyculture. B56. Values are learned; they are not innate. A57. Long-term-oriented cultures are characterized by patience, perseverance, and respect forone’s elders and ancestors. A58. Nonverbal aspects are very important in low-context cultures. B59. When engaging in small talk with a person of another culture, remember that discussingone's family and political discussions are inappropriate topics in all cultures. A60. Chinese is an example of a linear language. B61. Language serves as the only guide to how a culture perceives reality. A61. All languages can, in their own way, distinguish between present and past events, but they maynot feel that this distinction is important enough to create a system of verb tense. A 62. Globalization is the ability of a corporation to take a product and market it anywhere in theworld. A63. In order for intercultural negotiation to be successful, the parties must provide for a win-losesituation. A64. In some countries, using gifts to assure success in sealing an agreement is an accepted way ofdoing business. B65. As they become globalized, companies will have to train their work forces to deal with multiculturality. A66. People from countries with strong uncertainty avoidance are more likely to remain closefriends in spite of differing opinions. B66. Even if the language is common to both cultures, one culture may restrict the meaning of certain words. A67. In their business letters, the French do not usually apologize for mistakes. A68. Achievement in countries with high masculinity scores is expressed throughmaterial possessions. B69. Acculturation is the socialization process of how people learn the ir own culturethrough what is said and done. A70. In the Japanese society, knowing the rank of people with whom you conduct business is veryimportant. A、Ⅲ. Multiple ChoicesMark the letter corresponding to the correct response. C1. What country ranks the lowest on individualism?A.AustraliaB. CanadaC.GuatemalaD. United States2.Proponents of which attitude feel that self-interest is an appropriate goal? CA.Uncertainty-reductionB. AttributionC. IndividualismD. Collectivism3. Language is important because it AA.helps us shape concepts, controls how we think, and controls how weperceive others.B. allows us to be understood by foreigners.C.is determined by colonialism.D.is stable, easily understood, and free of diversity.4. Which of the following countries uses high-context language? CA.CanadaB. GermanyC.JapanD. United States5. Which one of the following statements is not among the functions of culture offered by Dressler and Carns? CA.Culture makes it possible to anticipate how others in our society are likely to respond toour actions.B.Culture enables us to communicate with others through a language that we have learnedand that we share in common.C.Culture leads to better understanding in business.D.Culture provides the knowledge and skill necessary for meeting sustenance needs.6. Culture can be classified in all the following ways except Ba)Artifact, concepts and behaviorb)Positive culture and negative culturec) A level of values and a level of resultant behaviour or artifacts of some formd)An invisible level and a visible level7. "The part was found defective, and it was determined that there is a defect in the button causingit not to fit into the chassis." This statement is an example of a DA.linear explanation.B.verbose explanation.C.nonlinear explanation.D.why explanation.8. Which of the following would be an example of a translation problem? Ding the intention of the speaker rather than the actual words in the translation.B.Qualifying slang terms.C.Not translating conversation taboos.ing a word for which no exact word or concept is available in the second language.9.Which of the following greeting way is somewhat unique to Chinese? BA. Giving regards to others.B. Commenting on something.C. Using address forms as greeting.D. Using nonverbal forms as greeting.10.The styles of paragraph development for oriental countries could be described as DA. a vertical straight line.B. zigzagged lines.C. a circular, spiral lineD. a digressive, back-and-forth zigzag.11. Which statement referring to thought patterns is incorrect? CA. Asians typically use the inductive method of reasoning.B. Thought patterns impact oral communication.C.When using the deductive method of reasoning, one starts with the facts and goes togeneralizations.D. Recognizing different thought patterns is important in negotiation with differentcultures.12. Which statement is incorrect? BA. Costly business blunders are often the result of a lack of knowledge of anotherculture's nonverbal communication patterns.B. Processes of reasoning and problem solving are the same in all cultures.C. Attitudes toward time and use of space convey nonverbal messages inintercultural encounters.D. When in another culture, an appropriate caution would be to watch the behavior ofthe persons you are talking with and match their style.13.People of which type of society believe their truth is the only truth? AA.IndividualisticB. Strong-uncertainty avoidanceC.CollectivisticD.Weak-uncertainty avoidance14.What we are willing to die for and what we deem worthy of protection is determined byour ___? BA.belief systemB.value systemC.attitude processesD.social organizations15. Slang is generally DA.understood by everyone.B.spoken by the masses.C.easily translated.ed by subgroups.16. Nonverbal communication does not include DA. chromatics.B. chronemics.C. haptics.D. semantics.17. As a result of globalization, new issues facing corporations include DA.cultural differences in work ethicsB.stereotyping by members of international teamsC.personnel who are overqualified for overseas positionsD. a & b18. The classic The Silent Language published in 1959, was written by DA.KluckhohnB.BenedictC.MeadD.Edward Hall19. Which of the following has occurred due to advances in technology? BA.People are beginning to spend more time with family members.B.The number of relationships we have with people have decreased.C.People have more frequent contact with people from other cultures.D.People are gaining a clearer sense of who they really are.20. It is important to study intercultural communication because CA. it is a necessary and worthwhile pursuit.B. most people are more alike than they realize.C. cultural differences bring people together.D. intercultural communication is subjective.21. ______ are the most important. AA. Primary valuesB.Secondary valuesC.Tertiary valuesD.None of the above22. In cultures that tend toward individualism, what aspects are encouraged? DA. competitionB.personal goalsC.individual rightsD.all of the above23. We learn culture DA.from folk tales, legends and mythsB.in conscious or unconscious waysC.through art and mass mediaD.all of the above24. Which statement least represents U.S. values? CA. U.S. Americans value directness over indirectness.B. U.S. Americans value time management over leisure.C. U.S. Americans value history over planning for the future.D.U.S. Americans value equality over inequality.25. Which statement highlights weak uncertainty avoidance? DA.One group's truth should not be imposed on others.B.Scientific opponents cannot be personal friends.C.Citizen protest should be repressed.D.Negative attitudes are expressed toward young people26. Which time orientation is held by cultures that value living and realizing the potential of today? CA.past orientation to timeB.immutable orientation to timeC.present orientation to timeD.mutable orientation to time27. Which of the following value orientations emerged from the Chinese research team? AA.long-term versus short-term orientationB.masculinity/femininity orientationC.preferred form of activity orientationD.uncertainty avoidance orientation28. The notions of masculinity and femininity BA.are universal for every culture across time.B.are not just based on biological differences.C.have not changed through the ages.D.have well-established and understood meanings.29. From what areas of the world do most of today's immigrants to the United States come? D and Latin AmericaB.Mexico and Eastern EuropeC.Haiti and ChinaD.Eastern Europe and the Middle East30. The China Association for Intercultural Communication is held ______. BA. once a yearB. every two yearsC. every three yearsD. every four years31. Who of the following would feel most comfortable with silence during a conversation? Amanager from _____. CE.the United StatesF.GermanyG.Great BritainH.Japan32 Which statement related to work attitudes is incorrect? AA.U.S. attitudes toward work are more relaxed than those in Europe.B.In the United States, hard work is applauded and often rewarded.C.The Japanese attitude toward work is very group-oriented.D.In the United States, the attitude toward work is ingrained from an early age.33. Which statement referring to thought patterns is incorrect? DA.The structure of a language affects the perceptions of reality of its speakersB.The structure of a language influences thought patterns and worldviews of its speakersnguage functions as a way of shaping one’s experienceD.There is a general agreement concerning the validity of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis34. Which statement is incorrect? Dnguage is a reflection of the environmentnguage is reflection of cultural valuesnguage is a reflection of culture, and culture is a reflection of language.D. A good mastering of a foreign language equals a complete understanding of its culture.35. Which statement referring to thought patterns is incorrect? Ca. Asians typically use the inductive method of reasoning.b. Thought patterns impact oral communication.c.When using the deductive method of reasoning, one starts with the facts and goesto generalizations.d. Recognizing different thought patterns is important in negotiation with differentcultures.36. Which statement is incorrect? Ba. Costly business blunders are often the result of a lack of knowledge of anotherculture's nonverbal communication patterns.b. Processes of reasoning and problem solving are the same in all cultures.c.Attitudes toward time and use of space convey nonverbal messages inintercultural encounters.d.When in another culture, an appropriate caution would be to watch thebehavior of the persons you are talking with and match their style.37. Language is important because it Aa.helps us shape concepts, controls how we think, and controls how weperceive others.b.allows us to be understood by foreigners.c.is determined by colonialism.d.is stable, easily understood, and free of diversity.38. Which of the following countries uses high-context language? DB.CanadaC.GermanyD.JapanE.United States39. Slang is generally HE.understood by everyone.F.spoken by the masses.G.easily translated.ed by subgroups.40. General guidelines to follow when conversing with someone from another culture includeall of the following except: Ca. politics is a safe topic in most cultures.b. avoid telling jokes.c. avoid personal questions.d. keep the conversation positive.41. Which statement best describes an incorrect handshake? Ca. In the U.S., a handshake should be firm.b. An Asian handshake is usually gentle.c. Germans repeat a brusque handshake upon arrival and departure.d. A British handshake is firm and repeated frequently.42. Language is important because it Ee.helps us shape concepts, controls how we think, and controls how weperceive others.f.allows us to be understood by foreigners.g.is determined by colonialism.h.is stable, easily understood, and free of diversity.43. Which of the following countries uses high-context language? AF.CanadaG.GermanyH.JapanI.United States44. Slang is generally LI.understood by everyone.J.spoken by the masses.K.easily translated.ed by subgroups.45. Nonverbal communication does not include Da. chromatics.b. chronemics.c.haptics.d. semantics.46. "The part was found defective, and it was determined that there is a defect in the buttoncausing it not to fit into the chassis." This statement is an example of a HE.linear explanation.F.verbose explanation.G.nonlinear explanation.H.why explanation.47. Which of the following would be an example of a translation problem? Hing the intention of the speaker rather than the actual words in the translation.F.Qualifying slang terms.G.Not translating conversation taboos.ing a word for which no exact word or concept is available in the secondlanguage.48. Which statement highlights weak uncertainty avoidance? Ba. One group's truth should not be imposed on others.b. Scientific opponents cannot be personal friends.c. Citizen protest should be repressed.d. Negative attitudes are expressed toward young people.49. The main idea of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis is that Dnguage is just a device for reporting a person's experience.b.two languages can represent the same social reality.c.the social reality can be conveyed to a person who does not speak thelanguage.nguage functions as a way of shaping a person's experience.50. Many multinational firms find that cultural shock can be alleviated by Da. sending only top executives abroad.b. sending only young, single associates on overseas assignments.c. testing associates to see who is most qualified.d. selecting employees for overseas assignments who possess certain personal andprofessional qualifications.。
跨文化交际导论(含答案)
对外经济贸易大学远程教育学院2009-2010学年第二学期跨文化交际导论(英) 复习大纲课程名称: ENG338a【跨文化交际导论(英)】考核方式: 开卷笔试[占总分的70%]复习范围：以指定教材（第1-9章）为主，课件内容为辅。
试题形式：客观试题50 题，每题2分，题型共三种形式：I. Definition Matching.Match the terms with their definitions. （给术语配对定义，10题，1题2分，共20分）II． True-False. Circle A if the statement is true; circle B if it is false. （判断各句是否正确，20题，1题2分，共40分）III. Multiple Choice. Circle the letter corresponding to the correct response. （在所给的4个选项中选择一个最恰当的答案，20题，1题2分，共40分）复习方法：●认真学习指定教材，结合课件的教学内容，全面复习，从总体上掌握这门跨学科课程的特点；●理解各讲中的主要教学内容，即每讲开始前的Learning Objectives，不要死记硬背，重理解、勤思考、细观察，从跨文化交际的角度对文化差异进行分析、记忆、总结；●要力图将跨文化交际理论与交往实践相结合，将西方文化交际的理论与实践与中国的本土文化相结合，通过大量真实生动的交际的成败案例的学习，提高分析问题和解决问题的能力；●参考指定教材各章后的练习以及书后附的两套模拟自测题，术语定义配对题、是非题和多项选择题可帮助复习检验对所学内容熟悉的掌握程度，熟悉客观题型，问答题和案例有助于进一步理解。
跨文化交际导论课程期末考试模拟题（答案供参考）Ⅰ. Match the following terms with their definition. （20%）1.the study of the way that people use physical space to convey messages. B2.the way in which time is used in a culture. A3.the actual practice of concepts or beliefs. E4.the total activity of learning one's culture. C5.social principles, goals, or standards accepted by persons in a culture. DA.Temporal language/chronemicsB.Behavior communicationC.Spatial language/proxemicsD.EnculturationE.Values6. between nations and governments rather than individuals A7. perceptions about certain groups of people or nationalities C8. a learned organization of rules for making choices and for solving conflicts B9. volume, pitch, and rate that affects message meaning E10. the idea that every act of communication must happen in some sort of surroundings DA.internationalB.contextC.valueD.stereotypesE.paralanguageⅡ.True or FalseMark A if the statement is true; mark B if it is false.11.When engaging in small talk with a person of another culture, remember that discussing one'sfamily and political discussions are inappropriate topics in all cultures. B12.Transference of pragmatic rules refers to the transference of corresponding words andsentence structure from mother tongue to target language. A13.Since all cultures share the same basic values, cultures attach the same meanings to thesebasic values. B14.Primary values are the most important. A15.Some countries officially recognize religious rituals that affect business encounters. A16.People in the United States place a greater emphasis on history and do not like change ascompared with people of Asian and Latin cultures. B17.The behavior of John lying in bed and reading a novel is a two-way contact. B18.Linear Model is one of the earliest and still the most useful attempts to describe thecommunication process A19.International communication takes place between such groups as African Americans andLatin Americans. B20.Intercultural communication as a discipline was not established in U.S. until the 1980s. A21.Without the cultural rules people also can behave properly. B22.Culture is not something we are born with, but rather it is learned. A23.Kisses and hugs are not appropriate greeting behavior between males of any culture. B24.In Germany, business gifts are usually exchanged at the beginning of formal negotiations.A25.New and improved technology, growth in the world’s population, and shifts in the globaleconomic arena have increased globalization. A26.No country is completely self-sufficient. A27.All cultures require and value politeness, but the ways in which the politeness is achievedmay vary significantly. A28.International English is used only by businesspeople who practice English as a secondlanguage. B29.International communication takes place between such groups as African Americans andLatin Americans. B30.The process of learning culture is always conscious. B31.Ethnocentrism leads to a objective evaluation of how another culture conducts its dailybusiness. A32.The hierarchy is a theory has not been proven applicable to all the countries. A33.Cultures may differ, but communication practices do not differ. B34.Culture is ongoing and subject to change. A35.The term “co-cultures” suggests the inequal ity between groups. B36.Chinese is an example of linear language. Amunication barriers are caused by the same communication having different meanings indifferent cultures. B38.New and improved technology, growth in the world’s population, and shifts in the globaleconomic arena have increased globalization. A39.Power distance in the United States is comparatively high. B40.Pragmatic failure is the inability to understand what is meant by what is said. A41.Values motivate people. A42.Attitudes are the same thing as values. A43.Eventually, with the spread of technology everyone will have the same values. B44.In order to understand a culture's values, you need only to learn the "do's and taboos" of behavior in that culture. A45.Social class is unimportant in negotiator selection. B46. Relationship building is important in Arab and Latin America. A47. Achievement in countries with high masculinity scores is expressed through material possessions. B48. Acculturation is the socialization process of how people learn their own culture through what is said and done. A48. Consumers in high uncertainty avoidance cultures tend to perceive little or no risk in the purchase of new products . A49. Intercultural communication competence requires sufficient awareness, knowledge, motivations, and skills. A50. Values are enduring attitudes about the preferability of one belief over another. B51. Cultures are so different that we will never be able to communicatesuccessfully. B52. Transference of pragmatic rules refers to the transference of corresponding words andsentence structure from mother tongue to target language. A53. Today intercultural communication encounters are different from encountersof the past. A54. All languages can, in their own way, distinguish between present and pastevents, but they may not feel that this distinction is important enough to createa system of verb tense. A55. Kisses and hugs are not appropriate greeting behavior between males of anyculture. B56. Values are learned; they are not innate. A57. Long-term-oriented cultures are characterized by patience, perseverance, and respect forone’s elders and ancestors. A58. Nonverbal aspects are very important in low-context cultures. B59. When engaging in small talk with a person of another culture, remember that discussingone's family and political discussions are inappropriate topics in all cultures. A60. Chinese is an example of a linear language. B61. Language serves as the only guide to how a culture perceives reality. A61. All languages can, in their own way, distinguish between present and past events, but they maynot feel that this distinction is important enough to create a system of verb tense. A 62. Globalization is the ability of a corporation to take a product and market it anywhere in theworld. A63. In order for intercultural negotiation to be successful, the parties must provide for a win-losesituation. A64. In some countries, using gifts to assure success in sealing an agreement is an accepted way ofdoing business. B65. As they become globalized, companies will have to train their work forces to deal with multiculturality. A66. People from countries with strong uncertainty avoidance are more likely to remain closefriends in spite of differing opinions. B66. Even if the language is common to both cultures, one culture may restrict the meaning of certain words. A67. In their business letters, the French do not usually apologize for mistakes. A68. Achievement in countries with high masculinity scores is expressed throughmaterial possessions. B69. Acculturation is the socialization process of how people learn the ir own culturethrough what is said and done. A70. In the Japanese society, knowing the rank of people with whom you conduct business is veryimportant. A、Ⅲ. Multiple ChoicesMark the letter corresponding to the correct response. C1. What country ranks the lowest on individualism?A.AustraliaB. CanadaC.GuatemalaD. United States2.Proponents of which attitude feel that self-interest is an appropriate goal? CA.Uncertainty-reductionB. AttributionC. IndividualismD. Collectivism3. Language is important because it AA.helps us shape concepts, controls how we think, and controls how weperceive others.B. allows us to be understood by foreigners.C.is determined by colonialism.D.is stable, easily understood, and free of diversity.4. Which of the following countries uses high-context language? CA.CanadaB. GermanyC.JapanD. United States5. Which one of the following statements is not among the functions of culture offered by Dressler and Carns? CA.Culture makes it possible to anticipate how others in our society are likely to respond toour actions.B.Culture enables us to communicate with others through a language that we have learnedand that we share in common.C.Culture leads to better understanding in business.D.Culture provides the knowledge and skill necessary for meeting sustenance needs.6. Culture can be classified in all the following ways except Ba)Artifact, concepts and behaviorb)Positive culture and negative culturec) A level of values and a level of resultant behaviour or artifacts of some formd)An invisible level and a visible level7. "The part was found defective, and it was determined that there is a defect in the button causingit not to fit into the chassis." This statement is an example of a DA.linear explanation.B.verbose explanation.C.nonlinear explanation.D.why explanation.8. Which of the following would be an example of a translation problem? Ding the intention of the speaker rather than the actual words in the translation.B.Qualifying slang terms.C.Not translating conversation taboos.ing a word for which no exact word or concept is available in the second language.9.Which of the following greeting way is somewhat unique to Chinese? BA. Giving regards to others.B. Commenting on something.C. Using address forms as greeting.D. Using nonverbal forms as greeting.10.The styles of paragraph development for oriental countries could be described as DA. a vertical straight line.B. zigzagged lines.C. a circular, spiral lineD. a digressive, back-and-forth zigzag.11. Which statement referring to thought patterns is incorrect? CA. Asians typically use the inductive method of reasoning.B. Thought patterns impact oral communication.C.When using the deductive method of reasoning, one starts with the facts and goes togeneralizations.D. Recognizing different thought patterns is important in negotiation with differentcultures.12. Which statement is incorrect? BA. Costly business blunders are often the result of a lack of knowledge of anotherculture's nonverbal communication patterns.B. Processes of reasoning and problem solving are the same in all cultures.C. Attitudes toward time and use of space convey nonverbal messages inintercultural encounters.D. When in another culture, an appropriate caution would be to watch the behavior ofthe persons you are talking with and match their style.13.People of which type of society believe their truth is the only truth? AA.IndividualisticB. Strong-uncertainty avoidanceC.CollectivisticD.Weak-uncertainty avoidance14.What we are willing to die for and what we deem worthy of protection is determined byour ___? BA.belief systemB.value systemC.attitude processesD.social organizations15. Slang is generally DA.understood by everyone.B.spoken by the masses.C.easily translated.ed by subgroups.16. Nonverbal communication does not include DA. chromatics.B. chronemics.C. haptics.D. semantics.17. As a result of globalization, new issues facing corporations include DA.cultural differences in work ethicsB.stereotyping by members of international teamsC.personnel who are overqualified for overseas positionsD. a & b18. The classic The Silent Language published in 1959, was written by DA.KluckhohnB.BenedictC.MeadD.Edward Hall19. Which of the following has occurred due to advances in technology? BA.People are beginning to spend more time with family members.B.The number of relationships we have with people have decreased.C.People have more frequent contact with people from other cultures.D.People are gaining a clearer sense of who they really are.20. It is important to study intercultural communication because CA. it is a necessary and worthwhile pursuit.B. most people are more alike than they realize.C. cultural differences bring people together.D. intercultural communication is subjective.21. ______ are the most important. AA. Primary valuesB.Secondary valuesC.Tertiary valuesD.None of the above22. In cultures that tend toward individualism, what aspects are encouraged? DA. competitionB.personal goalsC.individual rightsD.all of the above23. We learn culture DA.from folk tales, legends and mythsB.in conscious or unconscious waysC.through art and mass mediaD.all of the above24. Which statement least represents U.S. values? CA. U.S. Americans value directness over indirectness.B. U.S. Americans value time management over leisure.C. U.S. Americans value history over planning for the future.D.U.S. Americans value equality over inequality.25. Which statement highlights weak uncertainty avoidance? DA.One group's truth should not be imposed on others.B.Scientific opponents cannot be personal friends.C.Citizen protest should be repressed.D.Negative attitudes are expressed toward young people26. Which time orientation is held by cultures that value living and realizing the potential of today? CA.past orientation to timeB.immutable orientation to timeC.present orientation to timeD.mutable orientation to time27. Which of the following value orientations emerged from the Chinese research team? AA.long-term versus short-term orientationB.masculinity/femininity orientationC.preferred form of activity orientationD.uncertainty avoidance orientation28. The notions of masculinity and femininity BA.are universal for every culture across time.B.are not just based on biological differences.C.have not changed through the ages.D.have well-established and understood meanings.29. From what areas of the world do most of today's immigrants to the United States come? D and Latin AmericaB.Mexico and Eastern EuropeC.Haiti and ChinaD.Eastern Europe and the Middle East30. The China Association for Intercultural Communication is held ______. BA. once a yearB. every two yearsC. every three yearsD. every four years31. Who of the following would feel most comfortable with silence during a conversation? Amanager from _____. CE.the United StatesF.GermanyG.Great BritainH.Japan32 Which statement related to work attitudes is incorrect? AA.U.S. attitudes toward work are more relaxed than those in Europe.B.In the United States, hard work is applauded and often rewarded.C.The Japanese attitude toward work is very group-oriented.D.In the United States, the attitude toward work is ingrained from an early age.33. Which statement referring to thought patterns is incorrect? DA.The structure of a language affects the perceptions of reality of its speakersB.The structure of a language influences thought patterns and worldviews of its speakersnguage functions as a way of shaping one’s experienceD.There is a general agreement concerning the validity of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis34. Which statement is incorrect? Dnguage is a reflection of the environmentnguage is reflection of cultural valuesnguage is a reflection of culture, and culture is a reflection of language.D. A good mastering of a foreign language equals a complete understanding of its culture.35. Which statement referring to thought patterns is incorrect? Ca. Asians typically use the inductive method of reasoning.b. Thought patterns impact oral communication.c.When using the deductive method of reasoning, one starts with the facts and goesto generalizations.d. Recognizing different thought patterns is important in negotiation with differentcultures.36. Which statement is incorrect? Ba. Costly business blunders are often the result of a lack of knowledge of anotherculture's nonverbal communication patterns.b. Processes of reasoning and problem solving are the same in all cultures.c.Attitudes toward time and use of space convey nonverbal messages inintercultural encounters.d.When in another culture, an appropriate caution would be to watch thebehavior of the persons you are talking with and match their style.37. Language is important because it Aa.helps us shape concepts, controls how we think, and controls how weperceive others.b.allows us to be understood by foreigners.c.is determined by colonialism.d.is stable, easily understood, and free of diversity.38. Which of the following countries uses high-context language? DB.CanadaC.GermanyD.JapanE.United States39. Slang is generally HE.understood by everyone.F.spoken by the masses.G.easily translated.ed by subgroups.40. General guidelines to follow when conversing with someone from another culture includeall of the following except: Ca. politics is a safe topic in most cultures.b. avoid telling jokes.c. avoid personal questions.d. keep the conversation positive.41. Which statement best describes an incorrect handshake? Ca. In the U.S., a handshake should be firm.b. An Asian handshake is usually gentle.c. Germans repeat a brusque handshake upon arrival and departure.d. A British handshake is firm and repeated frequently.42. Language is important because it Ee.helps us shape concepts, controls how we think, and controls how weperceive others.f.allows us to be understood by foreigners.g.is determined by colonialism.h.is stable, easily understood, and free of diversity.43. Which of the following countries uses high-context language? AF.CanadaG.GermanyH.JapanI.United States44. Slang is generally LI.understood by everyone.J.spoken by the masses.K.easily translated.ed by subgroups.45. Nonverbal communication does not include Da. chromatics.b. chronemics.c.haptics.d. semantics.46. "The part was found defective, and it was determined that there is a defect in the buttoncausing it not to fit into the chassis." This statement is an example of a HE.linear explanation.F.verbose explanation.G.nonlinear explanation.H.why explanation.47. Which of the following would be an example of a translation problem? Hing the intention of the speaker rather than the actual words in the translation.F.Qualifying slang terms.G.Not translating conversation taboos.ing a word for which no exact word or concept is available in the secondlanguage.48. Which statement highlights weak uncertainty avoidance? Ba. One group's truth should not be imposed on others.b. Scientific opponents cannot be personal friends.c. Citizen protest should be repressed.d. Negative attitudes are expressed toward young people.49. The main idea of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis is that Dnguage is just a device for reporting a person's experience.b.two languages can represent the same social reality.c.the social reality can be conveyed to a person who does not speak thelanguage.nguage functions as a way of shaping a person's experience.50. Many multinational firms find that cultural shock can be alleviated by Da. sending only top executives abroad.b. sending only young, single associates on overseas assignments.c. testing associates to see who is most qualified.d. selecting employees for overseas assignments who possess certain personal andprofessional qualifications.。
《跨文化交际》考试试题(附答案)
《跨文化交际》试题（附答案）Paper 1 Communication AnalysisThe following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding.Question 1Case 1:Chen Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist, Luke Baines, who has no knowledge of Chinese at all. They are having dinner in a restaurant.Chen: This is Beijing duck, one of China's most famous dishes. You'll love it!Luke: No, thanks. I don't like duck. I prefer chicken.Question 2Case 2:Feng Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at a British university for some months. It has not been totally successful. They are discussing the situation in the laboratory.Feng Li: I don't know where it went wrong!Tom, Don't feel so bad. Cheer up, you've done your job.Feng Li: But our experiment has turned out to be a failure.Tom: Relax for a couple of days. I'll face the music.Feng Li: Tom, we are not playing children's games here. This is a scientific experiment.Tom, I've never taken the experiment as child’ s play, and I'm playing the game.Feng Li: You say you're playing the game! It's a rather important experiment!Feng Li walks out of the Laboratory angrily. Tom is puzzled.Question 3Case 3:This is a more complex situation where there are several things that require more informed cultural analysis. Find the cultural problems and explain the cultural differences. Jim and Li Zhen were students together at Leeds University in Britain. A year later, after graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar on a year’s exchange.Jim had never been to China before. Li Zhen took him to a classical piano concert performed by a famous Chinese pianist. During the performance people were talking and at one stage someone ran up onto the stage and presented the pianist with a bunch of flowers during the playing of a particular musical item. This happened several times during the evening. It also happened when two singers were on stage singing some songs that he was playing. Jim thought all these things quite strange. At the end of the performance the audience applauded the pianist and he applauded them. The audience began to leave while the pianist remained on the stage.Paper 2 VocabularyChoose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill the gap in each of the sentences. Write the correct words in the spaces provided in your answer sheet. Do not change the forms of the4. After twenty five years working in the bank she decided on a different .5. Finally, after arguing about the meal for five minutes it was decided he would .6. Despite the circumstances of the accident there were still some that needed explanation.7. There are many different used when talking about people's relationships in China.8. "Mike! Meet Jane, the ."9. "Ok, the argument is over. Let's forget it, you know."10. People in English speaking countries also avoid losing face or hurting other people by telling .11. It is difficult for foreigners to understand British pub culture, especially the system of which all members of the group are expected to join in.12. It was a crushing blow to her, a hit when she received thenews that her husband had left her for another woman.13. In China there is a real sense of in social situations. Paper 3 TranslationTranslate the following passage from English into Chinese. Please write your translation on the answer sheet.What do we mean by "Intercultural Communications" or "IC"? This is not a description of the popular trend toward talking about international things or going overseas. IC is actually an academic and applied discipline that has developed internationally since the 1950s. Sometimes called "cross-cultural communications" or "comparative culture" , scholars most often use the prefix "inter" with the word "cultural" to describe the interaction between cultures. On one level, IC is represented by culture studies, where we examine the political, economic and lifestyle systems of other countries. On another level, it is applied linguistics, where we seek to understand the relationship between language and culture. Many Chinese English teachers and professors have been interested in this aspect since the 1980s - How to teach English in ways that help students also learn the basic communication practices of Britain, the US or other English speaking countries.But the discipline of Intercultural Communications is actually a broad and well-developed field of study. IC is an interdisciplinary application of fields like cultural anthropology, sociology, psychology (and social psychology), communication studies, applied linguistics and educational pedagogy. IC is a comprehensive attempt to understand all aspects of human cultures and how they interact with each other.To understand Intercultural Communications, we seek to understand tradition and modernization, consistency and change. As we understand some of the ongoing national characteristics of a people, we can examine how this culture is seen from the outside, how it interacts with other cultures and how it is changing. In the last thirty odd years, scholars have developed both theoretical framework for comparing cultures and some practical dimensions for considering the similarity and differences between them. One level of intercultural comparison is Cultural Identity. Another level of comparison is Verbal Communication. Another area receiving much attention is Nonverbal Communication. Paper 4 ReadingPassage 1 Questions 15-20In recent years criticisms have been voiced concerning sexist bias in the English language. It has been argued that some of the vocabulary and grammar we use reflects and reinforces a traditional view of the world asone in which men are dominant and women play a secondary role. Take the word 'chairman' for example. While this can in fact apply to people of both sexes, it appears to some people to be male-oriented as it ends in 'man'. In the past people taking the role of chairman were exclusively male and the word was obviously originally a compound of 'chair' and 'man'. Many English speakers, however, have ceased to view this word as a compound and no more feel it to be composed of these two units, than they perceive cupboard to be a composite of ' cup' and ' board'. In addition the continued use of chairman might be defended on the grounds that the final syllable is pronounced /m'n/ rather than /mn/, just like the final syllable of woman. Despite such considerations other speakers take a contrary view and are sensitive to the components of which it is made up. They clearly perceive it as a title that perpetuates traditional ideas about the place of women in society. For this reason they seek to replace it with neutral terms such as 'chairperson' or 'chair', so that it is now possible to ask questions such as; 'Who is chair of the committee?' Other changes advocated include the replacement of words such as 'postman', 'fireman' and 'policeman' with more clearly neutral terms such as 'postal worker', fire-fighter' and 'police officer’. There is, however, continuing controversy about how far such language changes should go. Should changes be considered for traditional idioms as 'man in the street' and titles such as 'Peking Man'? What about those words where the male meaning of 'man' is no longer dominant, such as 'manhandle'?To the extent that changes have taken place, they have done so more in the written language and formal pronouncements than in everyday speech. You would be quite likely to read in the paper that 'Postal workers are to receive a pay increase.' But 'Has the postman been?' would be most likely to be heard in informal conversation. Here 'postman’ remains firmly entrenched in popular usage.The extent to which language reflects and shapes attitudes and behaviors is a matter of conjecture. Chinese, Japanese, Persian and Turkish do not make the kinds of sex distinctions English makes through its system of pronouns, but it would be difficult to maintain that males who speak these languages are less sexist than males who speak English! Answer the following questions according to the above text:15. The general use of the word 'man' added to English words indicates .A. sexual feelingsB. sexual freedomC. sexist ideasD. sexist bias .16. Generally where language and sex are concerned in Britain .A. all people agree change is neededB. some people agree change is neededC. people can't make up their minds on the issueD. people think the issue is unimportant and not serious17. What example does the author give to support a defense of the word 'chairman'?18. What does the author argue for when the example 'manhandle' is given?19. What does the author have to say about the impact of language changes?20. What is the author's argument in the final paragraph?Passage 2 Questions 21-27Can Computers Do a Better Job Rating Stocks?Since May, Charles Schwab has been providing stock ratings to clients using a computerized system that it says tries to remove human bias.In particular, Schwab says, its system is meant to avoid the conflicts of interest that have plagued traditional brokerage firms, whose research analysts have often acted as cheerleaders for companies being courted by their investment bankers."We believe that our single biggest advantage is our objectivity," said Jerry Chafkin, Schwab's executive vice president for investment advice and products. " While the development of the methodology is human, the analysis is being performed systematically and automatically.Though Schwab is perhaps the most prominent financial services company to use a computer-driven rating system, several others, including Value Line and Zacks Investment Research, pick stocks in a similar way.The various systems produce very different ratings of individual stocks, and their ability to outperform a market index fund over time has not been proved conclusively. The verdict is still out as to whether computers do it better than people. What is clear, though, is that the major computerized systems hand out fewer positive stock ratings than do Wall Street analysts, who seem to give them out very generously.People who run computerized selection systems criticize traditional Wall Street analysis as having institutional conflicts of interest, as well as individual bias. "I am very suspicious about opinions and judgments and emotions by humans in individual stock selection," said Samuel Eisenstadt, Value Line's research director.However, the computer-driven stock-picking systems must rely on the selection criteria of their creators. All try to isolate factors that their developers believe have the greatest ability to predict share prices. Most models compare a company9s historical earnings growth with that of other companies. And many track the extent to which earnings havesurprised analysts.Many firms use their computer-based stock-rating systems as marketing tools.The designers of these systems say they should be judged on how a group of stocks performs over time. But all the systems assume, as do stock analysts on Wall Street, that superior research, by humans, and analysis can select a group of stocks that will outperform the market averages over the long run.Market analysts say it is too soon to assess the fledgling Schwab system or new models, like Microsoft's year-old Stock-ScouterMark the following statements True (T) / False (F) / Not Given (NG) according to the information provided in the text.Write T, or F or NG on your answer sheet in the spaces provided for questions.21. Charles Schwab is a computer company.22. The method of operation by Schwab is done automatically.23. 'Value Line' and 'Zacks' have similar operating methods to Schwab.24. There is no conclusive proof that computers perform better than humans.25. Wall Street analysts are generous in rating stocks.26. Human beings make value judgments according to the research director of 'Value Line'.27. Analysts are surprised at the growth rate of share prices.答案及评分标准Paper 1: Communication Analysis●The following points should be covered in the analysis.●Award one point for each of the points covered (underlined). Paper 2: Vocabulary●One point for each item.●Answers must be the same as the key.4. vocation5. foot the bill6. grey areas7. kin terms8. trouble and strife 9. live and let live10. white lies 11. buying a round12. below the belt 13. communityPaper 3: Translation14.“跨文化交际”或“IC”是指什么呢?这并不是对于谈论国际事务或出国大潮的描述。
广外13英语本-跨文化交际试卷B及答案
《跨文化交际》试题（B 卷）Part Ⅰ Directions: Choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences.(1% for each, 20%)1. You must pay $2000; ____, you will have to go to prison. A. but B. or else C. however D. therefore2. Henry ____ in Shanghai by now, for the plane took off three hours ago. A. must arrive B. have arrived C. arrive D. must have arrived3. The traffic accident ____ two cars and one truck. A. related B. evolved C. involved D. included4. The accident ____ right at this spot. A. happened B. happening C. was happened D. was happening5. My lecture today _____ three sections.A. makes intoB. falls intoC. divided intoD. fell into 6. Mary is such a nice girl. She has such a magical ____.A. personB. personalC. personalityD. personnel 7. It is far beyond my imagination. There ’s ____ I ’m agreeing to this! A. no way B. a way C. some way D. ways 8. All the following are possible collocations except ____.A. in povertyB. in advanceC. in contrastD. in one ’s own 9. To my surprise, the stranger ____ to be an old friend of my mother ’s. A. turned intoB. turned outC. turned upD. turned over10. To my greatest _____, she even started calling me names in public.A. astonishedB. astonishingC. astonishmentD. astonish11.Jane will never marry John because in her eyes he is ____ her prince charming.A. anything butB. nothing butC. everything butD. something but12.No one helped him; he did it ____.A. himself allB. by himself allC. by all himselfD. all by himself13.It is required that all would-be employees ____ citizens of this country.A. beB. areC. isD. will be14.We have developed some new techniques ____ to those used in most factories.A. simplerB. betterC. superiorD. greater15.We were made _____ our identification in order to enter the test center.A. showB. to showC. showedD. showing16.The school was named ____ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the revolution.A. afterB. forC. byD. about17.In winter a snake is stiff with cold but still ____.A. livelyB. aliveC. liveD. living18.In order to produce more food, farmers are using ____ amounts of chemicals.A. decreasingB. increasingC. raisingD. dropping19.I don’t think the books are ____ for young children.A. suitableB. capableC. reasonableD. probable20.It was with great joy ___ he received the news that his long lost son would soon returnhome.A. howB. thatC. becauseD. whateach, 15%)1.在地球村里，国家就像一个大家庭，各大洲就像是邻居。
跨文化交际期末考试题
跨文化交际期末考试题跨文化交际期末考试题Ⅰ. Define the following items.1.c ontext ：P492.n oise: P543.i ntercultural communication ：communication between people whose cultural perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event.4.i ndividualism: P995.c ollectivism: P996.h igh-context culture ：P110 a culture in which meaning is not necessarily contained in words. Information is provided through gestures, the use of space, and even silence.7.l ow-context culture ：P110 a culture in which the majority of the information is vested in the explicit code.8.v erbal communication ：communication done both orally and in written language 9.n onverbal communication ：involves all nonverbal stimuli in a communicationsetting that is generated by both the source and his or her use of the environment and that has potential message value for the source or receiver.II. Answer the following questions(简答题)1. What is the culture, and what are the characteristics of the culture? P45what the behavior and customs mean to the people who are following them.2. What’s the relationship between culture and language?Culture influences language by way of symbols and rules for using those symbols, as well as our perceptions of the universe(the meaning associated with the symbols).Language, on the other hand, would seem to have a major impact on the way an individual perceives and conceptualizes the world.3. How do Japanese people refuse? P1354. How do Chinese and western people respond to others’ compliment? P1625. What kinds of nonverbal communication are often used in our daily communication? P1916. What are the functions of the nonverbal communication? P2187.What are the differences on receiving gift s between Chinese and westerner?In the West, it is regarded as polite to open gifts as soon as they are given to express appreciation. In China, the situation is quite the reverse. Norma lly we Chinese feel that if you open the gift as soon as it is given, you might embarrass the person wh o gives the gift and you might be thought greedy. Therefore, Chinese people tend to open the gifts af ter the visitors have left.In China, many people send gifts without wrappi ng them, and if they wrap them, they usually tell t he receiver what is inside, and the receiver will tha nk the sender and put the gift aside without unwra pping them since they already know what is insid e. English receivers open the gifts in front of the se nders of the gifts.8.Describe the different ways in showing hospitality between Chinese culture and west ern culture.Chinese guests always refuse offer of drinks or food to demonstrate politeness in seeming not to wish to put their host to any trouble.Sometimes an offer is not a real offer but a polite remark. After we say 'no', we usually wait for the second and third offer. If the host just brings the food or drink an d ignores 'no', we ill accept it. Chinese like to press their guests to drink or eat to show their hospitalit y. While westerners always accept or refuse offer of drinks or food very genuinely.Their refusal is acce pted as genuine.Westerners don’t to press. To pres s people to have food or drink after they have refu sed is frowned upon and can cause embarrassment s.III. Case Analysis (You are required t o state cultural phenomenon in each cas e)Case 1Li Lan had an American friend Susan. They usually had lunch together and Li Lan often asked Susan for advice on problems she face d adjusting to American society. Susan gave Li Lan a lot of advice and helped her to impro ve her English. Once Li Lan needed urgently a big sum of money to pay her tuition fee. Si nce she has no other friends in the States, sh e turned to Susan for help and promised that she would return the money soon.To Li Lan’s great disappointment, this time Susan didn’t seem happy to lend the moneyto her. Though Li Lan returned the money as she promised, they didn’t get along well from then on.Question: Why did Li Lan feel unpleasant?Li Lan asked to borrow money from her A merican friend Susan, which is rarely part of Western friendship. Li Lan and Susan have di fferent expectations of friendship.In the West, people prefer to be independe nt and equal rather than dependent, so they don't feel comfortable in a relationship in whi ch one person gives more and the other pers on is dependent on what is given. Among frie nds they mostly provide emotional support to each other and spend timetogether, so they rarely borrow or lend money to each other. They would ask for a loan from the bank rath er than from their friends.While in China, people expect their friends to be loyal to each other, and they even take risks for their friends. So they would give no t only emotional support to each other but al so concrete help to each other, such as helpi ng to find a job, solving a problem, or even g iving money to help one out over a long peri od of time. So when a friend is in need, the fi rst person he or she wants to ask for help is naturally his/her friend.。
对外经贸大学跨文化交际导论期末考试题
对外经济贸易大学《跨文化交际（英）》期末考试I. True-False: Decide whether each of the following statements is true orfalse. Write T for “true” and F for “false”. （每题 1 分，共 20 分）1. The term “intercultural communication” was first used by Geert Hofstede in1959.:2. Hall defines culture as the "software of the mind" that guides us in ourdaily interactions.3. In most of Africa, Argentina and Peru, putting one’s index finger to his templemeans ‘You are crazy.’4. Stereotyping is a complex form of categorization that mentally organizesyour experiences and guides your behavior toward a particular group of people.5. Values are social principles, goals, or standards accepted by persons in a culture.They are the innermost “skin of the onion.”6. People from some cultures may lower their gaze to convey respect, whereasthis may be understood as evading or even insulting in other cultures.7. Unbuttoning one’s coat is a sign of openness, friendliness or willingness to reachan agreement.8. In order for intercultural negotiation to be successful, the parties must providefor a win-lose situation.|9. Edward Hall’s theory states that the four levels embody the total conceptof culture like an onion – symbols, heroes, rituals, and values.10. Successful intercultural business communication involves knowing theethnocentrisms of persons in other cultures. Understanding the mindsets of both oneself and the person of another culture will result in more efficient communication.11. Ethnocentrism is the belief that somebody else’s cultural background, includingways of analyzing problems, values, beliefs, language, and verbal and nonverbal communication, is better than our own.12. People in the United States place a greater emphasis on history and do notlike change as compared with people of Asian and Latin cultures.13. When dealing with German business people, you should avoid jokes andother forms of humor during the actual business sessions.14. In the business circle, American business people use first names immediately.15. Companies should avoid sending female employees to the Middle East, as inArab countries men may refuse to work with women.16. In Southeast Asia, you should avoid presenting your business card with your righthand.17. When accepting a business card, German business people carefully look at thecard, observe the title and organization, acknowledge with a nod that theyhave digested the information, and perhaps make a relevant comment or aska polite question.18. The OK sign may be interpreted as asking for money by Japanese businesspeople.19. Nonverbal communication is important to the study of interculturalcommunication because a great deal of nonverbal behavior speaks auniversal language.20. In short, intercultural communication competence requires sufficientawareness knowledge, motivations, and skills. Each of these components alone is sufficient to achieve intercultural communication competence.II. Translation: Translate the following Chinese terms into English and English terms into Chinese.（每题 1 分，共 20 分）1. stereotypes2. paralanguage3. ethnocentrism4. masculinity5. high-context culture6. monochronic time7. speech act 8. conversation taboos9. vocal qualifiers 10. power distance11. 译码12.偏见13. 文化震惊14.不确定性回避15. 概念意义16.语用错误17. 礼貌原则18.归纳法19. 空间语言20.礼仪与礼节III. Multiple Choice: Choose the ONE appropriate answer. （每题 1 分，共20 分）1. Understanding another culture .a. enables businesspeople to know why foreign associates believe andact as they dob. is best achieved through “do’s and don’ts” listsc. is important for businesspeople because they can appear to bebetter informedd. isn’t necessary for businesspeople2. Non-linear languages .a. are object orientedb. see time as a continuum of present, past andfuture c. are circular, tradition oriented andsubjectived. lead to short-range planning in business practices3. Which statement about values is incorrecta. Values are social principles, goals, or standards accepted by persons ina culture.b. Values are learned by contacts with family members, teachers,and religious leaders.c. Values will be influenced by what is seen on television or read innewspapers.d. People in various cultures have basically similar values.4. People from cultures that follow the monochronic time system tendto a. do one thing at a time.b. be committed to people.c. borrow and lend things often.d. build lifetime relationships.5. Which statement regarding haptics is incorrecta. In Thailand, it is offensive to touch the head.b. Japan is considered a "don't touch" culture.c. Greece is considered a "touch" culture.d. In Latin American countries, touching between men is unacceptable.6. The opinion that everyone has a position and clearly defined privileges is .a. a view of hierarchical structure of social relationshipb. a view of group orientation structure of social relationshipc. a view of individual orientation structure of social relationshipd. none of the above7. General guidelines to follow when conversing with someone fromanother culture include all of the following except:a. politics is a safe topic in most cultures.b. avoid telling jokes.c. avoid personal questions.d. keep the conversation positive.8. Which statement best describes an incorrect handshakea. In the ., a handshake should be firm.b.An Asian handshake is usually gentle.c. Germans repeat a brusque handshake upon arrival anddeparture. d. A British handshake is firm and repeated frequently.9. Which statement referring to thought patterns is incorrecta. Asians typically use the inductive method of reasoning.b. Thought patterns impact oral communication.c. When using the deductive method of reasoning, one starts with thefacts and goes to generalizations.d. Recognizing different thought patterns is important in negotiation withdifferent cultures.10. Which statement is incorrecta. Costly business blunders are often the result of a lack of knowledgeof another culture's nonverbal communication patterns.b. Processes of reasoning and problem solving are the same in all cultures.c. Attitudes toward time and use of space convey nonverbal messagesin intercultural encounters.d. When in another culture, an appropriate caution would be to watchthe behavior of the persons you are talking with and match their style.11. Language is important because ita. helps us shape concepts, controls how we think, and controls howwe perceive others.b. allows us to be understood by foreigners.c. is determined by colonialism.d. is stable, easily understood, and free of diversity.12. Which of the following countries uses high-context languagea. Canadab. Germanyc. Japand. United States13. Slang is generallya. understood by everyone.b. spoken by the masses.c. easily translated.d. used by subgroups.14. Nonverbal communication does not includea. chromatics.b. chronemics.c. haptics.d. semantics.15. Dominance, harmony, and subjugation are all value orientations that correspond to which of the following cultural problemsa. What is the nature of human beingsb. What is the relationship of humans to naturec. What is the orientation of humans to timed. What is the human orientation to activity16. Proverbs are significant to the study of intercultural communicationbecause .a. they provide a compact description of a culture’s valuesb. they tell a great deal about what a culture praises and what itrejects c. they unite a people with the wisdom of their ancestorsd. all of the above17. Which statement highlights weak uncertainty avoidancea. One group's truth should not be imposed onothers. b. Scientific opponents cannot be personalfriends.c. Citizen protest should be repressed.d. Negative attitudes are expressed toward young people.18. The main idea of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis is thata. language is just a device for reporting a person's experience.b. two languages can represent the same social reality.c. the social reality can be conveyed to a person who does not speakthe language.d. language functions as a way of shaping a person's experience.19. Many multinational firms find that cultural shock can be alleviated bya. sending only top executives abroad.b. sending only young, single associates on overseas assignments.c. testing associates to see who is most qualified.d. selecting employees for overseas assignments who possesscertain personal and professional qualifications.20. Which of the following statement is incorrecta. Knowing cultural variations in the use of silence is helpful whenconversing with persons in another culture.b. We need to keep things in perspective and not get offended each timewe deal with someone who has a different attitude toward touchingc. Good advice when communicating with persons in other cultures isto keep gestures to a minimumd. Although oral communication varies from culture to culture, non-verbal communication is almost always interpreted the same in eachculture.IV. Answer the following essay question. (共 20 分)Compare and contrast the following proverbs from two different cultures: “It is the duck that squawks that gets shot” and “The squeaky wheel gets the grease.”How do people from these cultures perceive silence and talk In light of their different perceptions, how might they view each other What problems might arise in their interactionsV. Case Analysis: Analyze the following conversation from an intercultural perspective. (共 20 分)The following conversation took place between two Chinese friends.A: We’re going to New Orleans this weekend.B: What fun! I wish we were going with you. How long are you going to be thereA: Three days.B: Do you need a ride to the airport I’ll take you.A: Are you sure it’s not too much troubleB: No, no. It’s no trouble at all.Case Analysis: Analyze the following conversation f rom an intercultural perspective.参考答案及评分标准A 卷VI. True-False: Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T for “true” a nd F for “false”. （每题 1 分，共 20 分）1. F2. F3. F4. T5. T6. T7. T8. F9. F 10. T11. F 12. F 13. T 15. T 16. F 17. F 18. T 19. T 20. FVII.Translation: Translate the following Chinese terms into English and English terms into Chinese.（每题 1 分，共20 分）1. stereotypes 定势/刻板印象2. paralanguage 辅助语言/副语言3. ethnocentrism 民族中心主义4. masculinity 男性特征5. high-context culture 高语境文化6. m onochronic t ime 单一时间观念7. speech act 言语行为8. conversation taboos 对话禁忌9. vocal qualifiers 声音修饰10. power distance 权力距离11. 译码 decoding 12. 偏见prejudice13. 文化震惊 cultural shock 14. 不确定性回避uncertaintyavoidance15. 概念意义 denotational meaning 16. 语用错误 pragmatic f ailure17. 礼貌原则 the Politeness Principle 18. 归纳法inductivepattern19. 空间语言 spatial language/proximics 20. 礼仪与礼节etiquette andprotocolVIII. Multiple Choice: Choose the ONE appropriate answer. （每题 1 分，共 20 分）1. a2. a3. d4. a5. d6. a7. a8. d9. c 10. b11. a 12. c 13. d 14. d 15. b 16. d 17. a 18. d 19. d 20. d IX. Answer the following essay question. (共 20 分)测试重点： Compare and contrast the proverbs “It is the duck that squawks that gets shot”and “The squeaky wheel gets the grease.”The former is an English proverb while the latter is a Chinese proverb. In light of their different perceptions, the two cultures might differ in terms of silence and talk etc. and problems might arise in their interactions.评分标准：从以上角度进行分析，其他根据具体答题情况酌情。
跨文化交际试题及答案
跨文化交际试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共40分）1. 跨文化交际的定义是指：A. 不同国家和地区间的交际活动B. 不同民族和文化背景间的交际活动C. 同一文化内部的交际活动D. 不同语言之间的交际活动答案：B2. 文化差异会对跨文化交际产生以下哪种影响？A. 理解困难B. 语言障碍C. 价值观冲突D. 人际关系紧张答案：A、C3. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种行为被认为是失礼的？A. 目光接触B. 握手问候C. 低头鞠躬D. 打招呼时用双手表示敬意答案：C4. 在中国文化中，以下哪种颜色象征喜庆和幸福？A. 黑色B. 红色C. 绿色D. 白色答案：B5. 在进行跨文化交际时，以下哪种策略是最有效的？A. 强调自己的文化优势B. 忽视文化差异C. 遵守对方的文化规范D. 强迫对方接受自己的文化观念答案：C二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 请简要阐述跨文化交际的重要性以及其中存在的挑战。
答案：跨文化交际的重要性在于增进各国间的相互了解和友谊，推动跨国合作和发展。
然而，跨文化交际也面临着重重挑战，如语言沟通障碍、文化差异带来的不解和冲突，以及对他人观点和习俗的理解困难等。
2. 在国际商务谈判中，如何合理利用非语言交际手段？答案：在国际商务谈判中，非语言交际手段可以帮助加强沟通效果。
可以通过身体语言表达自信和诚意，比如坐姿、目光接触和手势运用等；可以通过服饰和礼仪来展示对对方文化的尊重；还可以通过图表和演示文稿等视觉媒介来辅助表达和说明。
3. 请简要解释文化冲突是如何产生的，并提出解决文化冲突的建议。
答案：文化冲突是由于不同文化之间的差异而产生的，当个体或群体面对不熟悉的文化规范和价值观时，可能会感到困惑和不满。
为解决文化冲突，建议应采取以下措施：学习和了解对方文化，加强跨文化交际能力；尊重差异，避免对他人价值观的评判和偏见；建立良好的沟通渠道，积极解释自己的观点并倾听对方的意见；寻求共同利益和双赢的解决方案。
《跨文化交际》期末复习题
《跨文化交际》复习题一、判断题1.思维方式是指人们的思维习惯或思维程序。
（）2.文化是人们先天就有的。
（）3.中国人思考问题的程序是从小到大，美国人思考问题的程序则是从大到小。
（）4.由于汉字象形的特点，这是造成中国人偏好形象思维的主要原因之一。
（）5.京剧讲究唱、念、作、打，这是中国人擅长分析思维的一个表现。
（）6.中国人偏好分析思维，英美人偏好综合思维。
（）7.中国人强调人与人的和谐、人与自然的和谐，而西方人则认为人与自然是对立的。
（）8.中国人习惯于形象思维，因此在文章中，特别喜欢用形象的词汇。
（）9.思维能力没有民族性，但思维方式有民族性。
（）10.价值观是跨文化交际的核心。
（）11.不同民族的价值观是有所不同的。
（）12.价值观很容易发生变化。
（）13.消极的价值观指的是一个人或一个文化群体必须坚持的价值观。
（）14.中国文化认为天人合一，西方认为认为天人相分。
（）15.在英语中，以self为前缀的单词有100多个，这说明英国人比较提倡个人主义。
（）16.在中国社会，异性之间的接触被认为是天经地义的。
（）17.中国人提倡个人利益服从群体利益，必要时可以牺牲个人利益。
（）18.中国人认为越是稳定，越是统一，越是进步，这说明中国文化求稳。
（）19.中国的主流文化主张性恶论。
（）20.西方文化认为一切行为必须在法律法规的范围内进行，否则就会被绳之以法。
这说明西方文化是性善论。
（）21.邻里、老乡属于业缘关系。
（）22.同事、同学、战友属于情缘关系。
（）23.朋友、恋人之间的关系属于血缘关系。
（）24.中国所处的自然地理位置决定了中国的农业文化特征，而西方的海洋环境决定了西方文化的商业性质。
（）25.西方崇尚民主政治，具有平等意识。
（）26.中国社会的人际关系以工具型为主要取向。
（）27.规则和规范是一回事。
（）28.在中国，给新婚夫妇送礼品忌讳送钟，因为送“钟”就是“送终”。
（）29.在日本，人们比较忌讳数字“13”。