《金融学》习题二+答案
《金融学》习题二（第5章—第8章）一、判断并改错1.当市场利率上升时，证券行市也上升(下降)。
（F ）利率下降时，股票的价格就上涨；利率上升时，股票的价格就会下跌。
2.在金融资产中可直接作为货币的金融资产，一般来说，其内在价值就是票面标注的金额。
（T ）3.远期合约和期货合约的区别主要在于期货合约是一个标准化的合约。
（T ）4.金融体系是指一国一定时期金融机构的总和。
( T )5.在我国，经纪类证券公司可从事证券承销、经纪、自营业务。
（F ）经纪类证券公司在我国是指只能从事单一的经纪业务的证券公司. 证券公司必须将其证券经纪业务、证券承销业务、证券自营业务和证券资产管理业务分开办理，不得混合操作. 经纪类证券公司只允许专门从事证券经纪业务.6.投资银行的主要资金来源是吸收存款。
（ T ）7.我国的财务公司是由大经济集团组建并主要从事股票和债券的发行。
（集团内部融资）（F ）8.我国1994年成立了国家开发银行、中国进出口银行和中国农业银行（中国农业发展银行）三家政策性银行。
（F ）9.通知放款是商业银行之的（证券人与商业银行的）短期资金拆借。
（ F ）10.商业银行的最基本职能是充当企业之间的支付中介（信用中介）。
（F ）11.我国在1995年颁布的《中华人民共和国商业银行法》中确立了混业经营（分业经营）的原则。
（F ）1995年颁布的《中华人民共和国商业银行法》中确立了商业银行与其他金融业务分业经营的原则。
12.商业银行的全部资金来源就是吸收外来的资金。
（F）商业银行的资金来源包括自有资金和外来资金两部分，其中包括：1、吸收存款（主要资金来源渠道） 2、向中央银行借款3、结算过程中占用短期资金 4、发行股票5、同业拆借13.信用证、信用卡和证券投资都是商业银行的表外业务。
（F）信用卡是中间业务，证券投资是表内业务14.商业银行的表外业务就是（不完全是）中间业务。
（F）国外商业银行通常将中间业务统称为表外业务。
广义的表外业务是指所有的中间业务，狭义的表外业务是指构成银行或有负债的风险较高的表外业务。
中国商业银行一般将广义的表外业务称为中间业务。
但通常我们所说的表外业务主要指的是狭义的。
15..中央银行独占货币发行权是中央银行区别于商业银行的根本标志。
（T ）16.最早全面发挥中央银行功能的是瑞典银行（英格兰银行）。
（F ）17.目前，我国政府财政出现赤字时，可以向中国人民银行进行透支。
（F ）1995年《人民银行法》第二十八条规定“中国人民银行不得对政府财政透支，不得直接认购、包销国债和其他政府债券”18.中央银行与政府所处的地位、行为目标不尽相同。
因此，中央银行应对政府保持绝对的（相对的）独立性。
( F )19.通常全额实时清算采用的是大额资金转账系统，而净额批量清算采用小额定时结算系统。
（ T ）二、填空题1、货币市场主要包括票据贴现市场、国库券市场、回购市场、银行间拆借市场、可转让大额存单市场。
2、发行人公开向投资人推销证券的证券发行方式称为公募发行。
3、投资人按照当前市场价格购买债券并且一直持有到期满时可以获得的年平均收益率称为到期收益率。
4、交易期限在1年以内的短期金融交易市场称为货币市场。
5、资本市场主要分为长期借贷市场、长期证券市场。
6、衍生金融产品主要有远期、期货、期权和互换。
7、交易期限在1年以上的长期金融交易市场称为资本市场。
8、组织证券发行的市场称为证券市场。
9、根据有效市场假说，证券市场按照交易效率可分为弱有效市场、中度有效市场、强有效市场。
10、金融市场按照金融产品期限可以划分为资本市场和货币市场。
11、对已经发行的证券进行交易的市场称为证券交易市场。
12、投资基金按照法律地位分为契约型基金和公司型基金。
13、金融市场按金融交易的交割期限可分为远期市场和期货市场。
14、发行人直接对特定的投资人销售证券的证券发行方式称为私募发行。
15、上市条件比主板低，专门针对小型企业以及创业企业的股票交易市场称为创业板市场。
16、由政府设立，以贯彻国家产业政策、区域发展政策等为目标的金融机构称为政策性银行。
17、商业银行按经营模式划分可分为分工型银行和全能型银行。
18、商业银行的负债业务主要包括吸收存款、银行同业拆借、发行金融债券、从中央银行借款、从国际货币市场借款、结算过程中的短期资金占用等。
19、商业银行的资产业务主要有贴现、贷款、证券投资等。
20、商业银行的经营三原则为盈利性、流动性和安全性。
21、中央银行的基本职能主要有发行的银行、银行的银行、国家的银行。
22、中央银行作为银行的银行，其职能主要表现为集中存款准备、最后贷款人、组织全国清算。
三、选择题( D )l.融资期限在一年以上的金融市场的是：A.货币市场B.发行市场C.流通市场D.资本市场( A )2.若定期存款利率（单利）3年期为年7.92％，5年期为年8.28％，那么8年期应为年：A．9.00％ B.9.40％ C.16.2％ D.9.22％( C )3. 金融市场的交易价格一般是指：A. 交易费用B. 手续费C. 利率D. 佣金（ D )4.下列属于间接融资的是：A.商业信用B.股票的发行C.债券的发行D.通过金融机构的融资( AE )5．间接融资领域中的金融中介有：A. 商业银行B. 投资银行C. 证券公司D. 证券经纪人E.保险公司（ A )6.在银行体系中，处于核心地位的是：A.中央银行B.专业银行C.商业银行D.投资银行( D )7．商业银行以什么为主要的资金来源？A．资本金 B．发行金融债券 C．向中央银行借款 D.存款负债( AE )8. 商业银行的中间业务包括：A.承兑业务 B．信托业务 C.代理业务 D．存款业务 E. 汇兑业务( ADE )9．商业银行的负债业务包括：A．存款负债 B．票据贴现 C．票据承兑 D．中央银行借款 E.发行金融债券( AB )10．商业银行的资产业务主要有：A．贷款业务 B．投资业务 C．信托业务 D．结算业务 E.发行金融债券( ABD )11. 以下属于商业银行资金来源的有：A. 存款B. 同业拆借C. 贷款D. 再贴现E. 证券投资（ A ）12．流动性最高而收益性最低的是：A．现金资产 B.贷款 C.短期资产 D.短期投资（ C ）13. 不属于商业银行主动负债的是：A．银行同业拆借 B. 吸收存款 C. 回购协议 D. 向央行贴现（ C ）14. 商业银行与其他金融机构区别之一在于其能接受：A. 原始存款B. 定期存款C. 活期存款D. 储蓄存款（ A ）15．商业银行的性质是：A．企业 B. 国家机关 C. 具有国家机关和企业的双重性 D. 政府部门( D )16. 流动性强弱的依次划分是：A. 定期存款、储蓄存款+M1B. M2+活期存款、现金C. 现金、活期存款+M2D. 现金、活期存款、定期存款、储蓄存款、债券( AD)17. 中央银行的存款主要是：A.财政存款B. 企业存款C. 储蓄存款D. 金融机构的准备金存款E.居民存款( B )18.中央银行是：A.企业B.具有国家机关性质的特殊中央金融机构C.特殊企业D.具有国家机关和企业双重属性的金融机构( ABC )19. 中央银行的性质包括：A. 机构数量最多，业务量最大B. 是金融机构的领导和核心C. 是唯一发行货币的银行D. 是银行的银行E. 是政府（国家）的银行( B )20. 下列中央银行的资产业务中，使商业银行体系准备金减少的业务是：A. 央行增加对存款机构的贷款B. 央行出售政府证券C. 央行向其他国家中央银行购买外国通货D. 央行代表财政部购买黄金（ A ）21. 中央银行最重要的负债业务是：A.货币发行B.代理国库业务C.集中存款准备金 D．国际金融机构负债（ C ）22. 以下属于中央银行的业务对象的是：A．企业 B. 居民 C. 政府 D. 团体组织( A )23. 在中央银行三大职能中，集中保管商业银行的存款准备金是中央银行什么职能的具体表现？A. 银行的银行B.政府的银行C. 发行的银行D.最后贷款人四、简答题1.简述同业拆借市场的特点与参与者。
同业拆借市场具有以下特点：（1）市场准入方面一般有严格的限制。
（2）同业拆借融通资金的期限较短，流动性高。
（3）交易手段先进，交易手续简便。
（4）拆解的金额较大，交易具有无担保性。
（5）同业拆借市场的利率由双方协定，随行就市，变动频繁。
同业拆借市场参与者:（1）资金需求者：主体为商业银行（2）资金供给者：有超额储备的金融机构，包括商业银行、非银行金融机构、境外代理行及境外银行在境内的分支机构，有时也包括外国的中央银行。
（3）交易中介机构：专营（专门的中介机构）、兼营（多为商业银行）（4）交易中心（5）中央银行与金融监管机构2.简述商业银行经营的三条原则，并说明这三者之间的关系。
商业银行的经营有三大原则：盈利性、流动性、安全性。
三大原则既有统一的一面，又有矛盾的一面。
总体来说，安全性与流动性是正相关;流动性强的资产，风险性小，安全有保障。
但它们与盈利性往往有矛盾：流动性强，安全性好，盈往往流动性差，风险性高。
3.中央银行有哪三大职能，分别说明。
中央银行具有三大职能。
一是发行的银行。
中央银行垄断货币发行权，为满足经济需要向社会发行货币。
二是银行的银行。
一方面集中商业银行的准备金，另一方面充当商业银行最后的借款人，同时为金融体系提供支付清算。
三是国家的银行。
代理国家金库、为政府融通资金、代表政府管理国内外金融事务，如制定执行货币政策，管理国家黄金外汇储备等。
4.既然中央银行是国家的银行，为什么还要强调中央银行相对与政府的独立性？由于中央银行在金融体系和国民经济中处于特殊的地位，承担着特殊的职责，要真正发挥中央银行的作用，必须使中央银行具有一定的独立性。
这是因为：（1）中央银行是特殊的金融机构。
（2）中央银行制定和执行货币政策，对金融业实施监督管理，调控宏观经济运行和保持金融稳定，具有较强的专业性和技术性。
（3）中央银行与政府两者所处的地位、行为目标、利益需求及制约因素有所不同。
政府工作的侧重点经常是根据情况不时变化，经济工作虽然也是政府贯彻始终的中心工作，但社会问题往往是政府时时关注的。
而在经济工作中，政府的重点也经常予以调整，基础设施建设问题、地区平衡发展问题、行业调整与产品结构调整问题、扶贫救灾问题、就业问题、社会保障问题等等都是政府关注的重点，而这些重点又是根据具体情况而不时变化的。
如果中央银行完全按政府指令行事而缺乏独立性，一是可能出现用货币发行弥补政府赤字，从而导致通货膨胀问题，二是可能降低货币政策的稳定性从而导致金融运行的波动。
中央银行虽然要对政府的工作重点予以配合，但这种配合不能违反金融活动的基本规律。
《金融学》第二章答案金融系统
《金融学》第二章答案金融系统CHAPTER 2THE FINANCIAL S YS TEMObjectivesTo provide a conceptual framework for understanding how the financial system works and how it changes over time.To understand the meaning and determinants of rates of return on different classes of assets.Outline2.1 What Is the Financial System?2.2 The Flow of Funds2.3 The Functional Perspective2.4 Financial Innovation and the “Invisible Hand”2.5 Financial Markets2.6 Financial Market Rates2.7 Financial Intermediaries2.8 Financial Infrastructure and Regulation2.9 Governmental and Quasi-Governmental OrganizationsSummaryThe financial system is the set of markets and intermediaries used by households, firms, and governments to implement their financial decisions. It includes the markets for stocks, bonds, and other securities, as well as financial intermediaries such as banks and insurance companies.Funds flow through the financial system from entities that have a surplus of funds to those that have a deficit.Often these fund flows take place through a financial intermediary.There are six core functions performed by the financialsystem:1.To provide ways to transfer economic resources through time, across borders, and among industries.2.To provide ways of managing risk.3.To provide ways of clearing and settling payments to facilitate trade.4.To provide a mechanism for the pooling of resources and for the subdividing of shares in variousenterprises.5.To provide price information to help coordinate decentralized decision-making in various sectors of the economy.6.To provide ways of dealing with the incentive problems created when one party to a transaction hasinformation that the other party does not or when one party acts as agent for another.The fundamental economic force behind financial innovation is competition, which generally leads to improvements in the way financial functions are performed. The basic types of financial assets traded in markets are debt, equity, and derivatives.Debt instruments are issued by anyone who borrows money—firms, governments, and households.Equity is the claim of the owners of a firm. Equity securities issued by corporations are called common stocks.Derivatives are financial instruments such as options and futures contracts that derive their value from the prices of one or more other assets.An interest rate is a promised rate of return, and there are as many different interest rates as there are distinct kinds of borrowing and lending. Interest rates vary depending on the unitof account, the maturity, and the default risk of the credit instrument. The nominal interest rate is the promised amount of money you receive per unit you lend.The real rate of return is defined as the nominal interest rate you earn corrected for the change in the purchasing power of money. For example, if you earn a nominal interest rate of 8% per year and the rate of price inflation is also 8% per year, then the real rate of return is zero.There are four main factors that determine rates of return in a market economy:the productivity of capital goods—expected rates of return on mines, dams, roads, bridges, factories, machinery, and inventories,the degree of uncertainty regarding the productivity of capital goods,time preferences of people—the preference of people for consumption now versus consumption in the future, and risk aversion—the amount people are willing to give up in order to reduce their exposure to risk.Indexing is an investment strategy that seeks to match the returns of a specified stock market index.Financial intermediaries are firms whose primary business is to provide customers with financial products that cannot be obtained more efficiently by transacting directly in securities markets. A mong the main types of intermediaries are banks, investment companies, and insurance companies. Their products include checking accounts, loans, mortgages, mutual funds, and a wide range of insurance contracts.Solutions to Problems at End of Chapter1. Do you agree with Adam Smith’s view that society canrely more on the “invisible hand” than on government to promote economic pros perity?Student answers will vary of course.SAMPLE ANSWER:The communist system is the exact opposite of Adam Smith’s invisible hand. And of course we have recently seen the downfall of many of the communist countries around the world. In the communist world, it was believed that government could make better decisions promoting economic prosperity than individuals could. Clearly this system failed to promote economic prosperity. It seems that Adam Smith’s view was that competitive market systems as a whole (rather than government) could best allocate resources to promote economic prosperity. However, a completely unfettered capitalist society such as in the late 1800s in the Western world may n ot have been the perfect system either as the invisible hand helped the “rich get richer” while the poor and needy had no formal assistance. This outraged the moral fabric of society and government programs were eventually set up to formally address thisi ssue of general welfare and “fairness”.2. How does the financial system contribute to economic security and prosperity in a capitalist society?In a capitalist society, it is the price system which helps make capital resource decisions. Capital flows to those operations which can employ it to earn the highest rate of return. This therefore allocates capital to its most productive use, thereby enhancing society’s economic prosperity.In addition, the financial system has markets and intermediaries which transfer risks from those who are least willing to bear it to those who are most willing to bear it. This benefits society as a whole withoutcosting it anything. In addition, by allowing individuals to reduce or eliminate risks, it fosters an atmosphere of undertaking business ventures which also benefits society.3. Give an example of how each of the six functions of the financial system are performed more efficiently today than they were in the time of Adam Smith (1776).Clearing and settling payments:In Adam Smith’s day, just as today there was paper and coin currency. However, due to technological innovations (primarily the computer) today there are many additional forms of payment settlement such as personal checks, credit cards, debit cards and electronic transfer of funds. In addition, certain credit cards and traveler’s checks are accepted everywhere in the world making currency exchange a relic of the past. Pooling resources and subdividing shares:In Adam Smith’s day, most businesses were s mall and were financed by sole proprietorships. Therefore the need to pool resources to finance large investments was not as prevalent or as important as it is today. Again, the technological revolution of computers and telephones allow for global capital marke ts to efficiently finance today’s much larger businesses. Today these companies can access huge pools of money around the world and find the cheapest source of financing for large scale projects.Transfer economic resources: Today there is a worldwide financial system which facilitates the transfer of resources and risk from one individual to another and from one point in time to another. In Adam Smith’s day, although there were financial markets which played a limited role, they were localized, small and much less efficient and innovative than they are today.Managing risk: Of course during Adam Smith’s day individuals and businesses faced many of the same risks they dotoday (risk of property damage, risk of financial loss, risk of crop failure etc.) Ho wever, there were limited means to offset this risk. There were some insurance companies in place at that time, however, they concentrated on managing business risk rather than personal risk and certainly there was not the same type of insurance. A good ex ample is that in Adam Smith’s day, there was no unemployment insurance. In Adam Smith’s day, there was very little a farmer could do about reducing his risk of crop failure or lower crop prices. Today there are a vast number of markets and securities which can be used to offset individual and business risk as well as a huge network of insurance companies whose role is to transfer risk from those who want to reduce risk to those who want to take on more risk.Price information: During Adam Smith’s day, info rmation traveled slowly. Of course, there were no phones, televisions or radios. News traveled by newspaper and by the mail. Today, information travels around the worldinstantaneously. Due primarily to the growth and innovation in computer and telephone t echnology, information about security prices and performance is known at virtually the same time everywhere around the world.Incentive problems: As discussed above, today’s financial sy stem is large, innovative and global. In Adam Smith’s day, while there were problems of moral hazard and adverse selection (but less of a principal-agent problem) there was not the same financial system and sophistication to deal with these problems as there is today.4. How does a competitive stock market accomplish the result that Adam Smith describes? Should the stock market be regulated? How and why?Student answers will vary.SAMPLE ANSWER:Adam Smith talked about free and competitive markets as a system which allocates capital to its most productive use and greatest value. In a competitive stock market, prices are set through supply and demand. Those companies returning the highest return will be rewarded with the highest prices (or cheapest source of financing). Those companies which are under performing will not be allocated as much capital because they are not as productive. Because the universe of possible investments is huge and because it is at times difficult for investors to discern which companies are the most productive employers of capital, regulation shou ld be required to make sure relevant and standardized information is disseminated to potential investors. This would include regulation on disclosure and also insider trading and stock manipulation. However other forms of market regulation are perhaps not so important from a market efficiency point of view and may even impede society’s overall financial welfare.5. Would you be able to get a student loan without someone else offering to guarantee it?Since most students do not have any earning power (yet) or source of savings or other capital, it is doubtful any intermediary would take that credit risk at any reasonable interest rate.6. Give an example of a new business that would not be able to get financing if insurance against risk were not available.EXAMPLES:Chemical companyChild safety products companyAirlineBankHospitalEnvironmental consultingHazardous waste disposal7. Suppose you invest in a real-estate development deal. The total investment is $100,000. You invest $20,000 of your own money and borrow the other $80,000 from the bank. Who bears the risk of this venture and why?The $20,000 of my own money is considered the equity capital and the $80,000 is debt financing. In general it is the equity investors who absorb the primary risk of business failure. This is because if the business goes bankrupt, I will unlikely get any or my money back as the debt holders get paid back before I do. However, the debt holder also faces some risk that it will not even get back all its principal and interest. So lenders do share some of the business risk along with the equity investors.8. You are living in the United States and are thinking of traveling to Germany 6 months from now. You can purchase an option to buy marks now at a fixed rate of $0.75 per mark 6 months from now. How is the option like an insurance policy?An option means you have a choice. In this example you can choose to buy the marks at $0.75 in 6 months but you do not have to. You will only buy the marks at this price if it is cheaper for you to do so (if the spot market at that time is higher). Therefore, like an insurance policy you are protected against a potential loss. You know that the maximum price you will have to pay is $0.75 per mark and that you are protected against any higher price. Presumably you will have to pay something for the price of that option and that can be equated to an insurance premium.9. Give an example of how the problem of moral hazard might prevent you from getting financing for something you want to do. Can you think of a way of overcoming this problem?SAMPLE ANSWER:Suppose I want to start a biotechnology business and I need a lot of financing. The trouble is, I do not want to disclose my technology secrets to potential equity and debt investors. I will have great difficulty raising financing. But I could do the following: At a minimum, I could require all potential lenders and investors to sign agreements saying they will not disclose any of my secrets. Secondly, I could share some of my equity with potential lenders (equity-kickers) and investors (stock and stock options). At least that way they will not be motivated to disclose my secrets to others. Finally, if I decided I did not want to share secrets, I could give collateral in my new plant to the debt lenders and that might make them more comfortable with the issue of moral hazard.10. Give an example of how the problem of adverse selection might prevent you from getting financing for something you want to do. Can you think of a way of overcoming this problem?SAMPLE ANSWER:Suppose I want to start a car leasing business. Initially my plan was to purchase several automobiles and lease them out at attractive annual rates. However, potential lenders were worried that my business would attract individuals who drive great distances each year. Rather than buy their own car and lose significant value, they would lease my cars and take a new one each year. I would not be able to obtain financing for this business until I instituted annual mileage restrictions. This alteration in the business plan was enough to make the lenderscomfortable with the potential problem of adverse selection.11. Give an example of how the principal-agent problem might prevent you from getting financing for something you want to do. Can you think of a way of overcoming this problem?SAMPLE ANSWER:Suppose you want to start a personal care products company. However, you have the idea for the business, but you do not want to actually run the business. To do that you have hired an executive from a competitor. He will own no equity in the business but will be paid a salary of $100,000 to start up the business.Trouble with this example is that the executive you have hired has little incentive to make the business really work other than his salary (which presumably he could earn at many different companies). What if this executive is really a spy? It may be difficult to get financing for this venture. The way to solve the problem is if you the owner decide to run the business (you certainly are motivated for it do well) or at a minimum, grant your new employee stock or stock options in the business.12. Why is it that a country’s postage stamps are not as good a medium of exchange as its paper currency? Postage stamps would be much easier to copy (to counterfeit) than paper currency which has intricate designs and is made of special fibers (not easily duplicated). Secondly, postage stamps would not be as durable as paper currency and because of their other use, could easily stick to other items! Finally, because postage stamps are used for another purpose, one might run out of them and have to make a special trip to the post office to get more. Of course, the post office is not as convenient as an ATM machine for getting a new supply of currency.13. Who is hurt if I issue counterfeit U.S. dollars and use them to purchase valuable goods and services?If this were done in great size, everyone would be hurt through the inflation that would result in the increased money supply. However, if done in a s mall amount, the individuals accepting the currency are taking on the risk (without knowing it) that the dollars will not be accepted by others as a medium of exchange.14. Some say the only criterion to use in predicting what will serve as money in the future is the real resource cost of producing it, including the transaction costs of verifying its authenticity. According to this criterion what do you think will be the money of the future?SAMPLE ANSWER:Payments via electronic transfer may become the medium of choice. It is a very cheap way to create currency. The biggest challenge will be to create security systems that do not allow for tampering and fraud. Once this is done and once most individuals and retail establishments have access to the system (through bank accounts and linking computer systems) then this should become the “currency” of choice.15. Should all governments issue debt that is indexed to their domestic price level? Is there a moral hazard problem that citizens face with regard to their public officials when government debt is fixed in units of the domestic currency?The answer is that all governments should issue debt that is indexed to their domestic price level. This is due to the fact that if debts are not indexed to the domestic price level, governments have the incentive to print money to repay those debts, thereby increasing domestic inflation which negatively impacts all ofsociety.16. Describe your country’s sy stem for financing higher education. Wh at are the roles played by households, voluntary non-profit organizations, businesses and government?SAMPLE ANSWER:In the United States, the vast majority of higher education is paid for by individuals through savings. These sums can be supplemented in whole or in part by government-guaranteed loans and through student loans and scholarships provided by universities themselves as well as by private foundations such as those provided by the Fulbright scholarship.17. Describe your country’s system for fin ancing residential housing. What are the roles played by households, businesses and government?SAMPLE ANSWER:In the United States individuals and individual borrowings from savings and loans, commercial banks and mortgage lending companies finance the vast majority of residential housing through individual equity savings. The government guarantees a certain amount of low income mortgages and local governments finance some low-income housing. Businesses play a role through the lending business as well as through the financial markets which provide liquidity for portfolios of certain standardized mortgages.18. Describe your country’s system for financing new enterprises. What are the roles played by households, businesses and government?SAMPLE ANSWER:In the United States, the vast majority of new enterprises is financed through individual savings and through initial publicofferings made to the general public. These sources of financing are augmented by established firms which spend research and development (R&D) dollars developing new products and businesses and by venture capital institutions which also provide start-up financing.19. Describe your country’s system for financing medical research. What are the roles played by voluntary non-profit organizations, businesses and government?SAMPLE ANSWER:In the United States, medical research is financed both by non-profit organizations (such as universities and medical facilities as well as organizations such as the American Heart Association) as well as by businesses such as Merck, Johnson & Johnson and Genentech. The government is involved in research grants, primarily to universities.20. Assume there are only two stocks traded in the stock market, and you are trying to construct an index to show what has happened to stock prices. Let us say that in the base year the prices were $20 per share for stock 1 with 100 million shares outstanding and $10 for stock 2 with 50 million shares outstanding. A year later, the prices are $30 per share for stock 1 and $2 per share for stock 2. Using the two different methods explained in the chapter, compute stock indexes showing what has happened to the overall stock market. Which of the two methods do you prefer and why? (See appendix that follows.) DJI-Type Index = Average of Current Prices/Average of Base Prices * 100 = 106.67S&P-Type Index = (Weight of Stock 1 * Current Price of Stock 1 / Base Price of Stock 1 + Weight of Stock 2 * Current Price of Stock 2/Base Price of Stock 2) * 100 = 124The S&P-Type Index accurately reflects what has happened to the total market value of all stocks.。
《金融学》题库及答案
《金融学》题库及答案一、单项选择题l、下列哪一项不是金融市场的功能？A.资金积聚B.风险分散C.资源配置D.宏观调控答案：D. 宏观调控2、在下列金融工具中，哪一种不是货币市场工具？A.国库券B.银行承兑汇票C.回购协议D. 股票答案：D.股票3、下列哪一项不是金融体系的构成要素？A.金融市场B.金融机构C.金融工具D.金融政策答案：D.金融政策二、多项选择题l、下列哪些是金融市场的特点？A.交易分散化B.交易标准化C.交易集中化D. 交易国际化E.交易电子化答案：AC DE2、下列哪些是货币市场的主要功能？A提供短期融资渠道B.提供投资机会C参与国际金融市场D. 调节经济生活中的货币供应量E.促进经济发展答案：ABD3、下列哪些是资本市场的主要特点？A.期限较长B.资本密集型C.长期投资性D. 高风险高回报E.管理严格性答案：ABCD《金融学》试题及答案一、选择题l、下列哪一项不是金融市场的功能？A.资金积累B.资源配置C.风险管理D通货膨胀答案：D通货膨胀解释：金融市场的功能主要包括资金积累、资源配置、风险管理等，而通货膨胀是宏观经济政策的结果，不是金融市场的功能。
2、下列哪一项不是货币市场的主要特点？A.交易期限短B.流动性强C.利率敏感性D. 长期投资答案：D.长期投资解释：货币市场的主要特点是交易期限短、流动性强和利率敏感性。
长期投资与此无关。
3、下列哪一项不是资本市场的主要特点？A.交易期限短B.交易数量大C.价格波动大D.资本成本高答案：A.交易期限短解释：资本市场的主要特点是交易期限长、交易数量大、价格波动小、资本成本低等，而交易期限短与此无关。
二、简答题l、请简述金融市场的定义及其重要性。
答案：金融市场是指资金供求双方通过金融二具进行交易的场所。
它的重要性在于可以实现资金的有效配置，促进经济发展，同时也可以帮助企业和个人进行风险管理，实现资产保值增值。
此外，金融市场还是中央银行进行货币政策操作的重要场所，可以调节宏观经济运行。
《金融学》习题(答案)
《金融学》习题答案第一章货币与货币制度一、填空题1.一般等价物易于携带便于贮藏2.一般等价物3.纸币硬币银行活期存款近似货币货币替代物4.狭义货币广义货币5.价值尺度流通手段贮藏手段支付手段世界货币6.价值商品价值货币价值正比反比7.平衡国际贸易的差额购买外国商品从一国转移到另一国家8.银本位制复本位制金本位制纸币本位制9.格雷欣法则10.待售的商品数量商品的价格水平货币流通速度二、判断题1.×2.√3.×4.×5.×6.√7.√8.√9.×10.√三、选择题1．A2．ABCE3．A4．AC D5．ABCD6．A7．ACD8．ABC四、名词解释1．一般等价物——随着商品交换日益增多，交换地区扩大，充当商品交换媒介的物品就逐渐被固定在某种特殊的商品上，这种特殊的商品称为一般等价物。
而当一般等价物固定地由某种商品担当时，这种商品就成了货币。
2．信用货币——作为商品本身的价值与作为货币的价值不相等，并且不能用以兑现金银的货币，称为信用货币。
3．流通手段——货币在两种商品的交换关系中起着媒介的作用，即执行流通手段的职能。
4．货币制度——货币制度简称“币制”，是一个国家以法律形式规定的货币流通结构、体制与组织形式。
包括币材规定、货币单位、发行与流通程序、准备制度等。
5．格雷欣法则——是指定价过高（货币名义价值高于货币本身价值）的劣币把定价过低（货币名义价值低于货币本身价值）的良币驱逐出货币流通市场的趋势。
五、简答题：1.答：货币在商品经济中的职能是货币本质的具体表现，是商品交换所赋予的，也是人们运用货币的客观依据。
在商品经济中，货币执行着以下五种职能。
（1）在表现和衡量其他一切商品和劳务的价值时，执行价值尺度职能。
在执行这个职能时，可以用观念上的而不必是现实的货币，它把商品的价值表现为一定数量的货币。
商品价值的货币表现就是价格。
（2）在商品交换中充当交易的媒介，货币执行流通手段的职能。
曹龙骐《金融学》课后习题详解第2章
曹龙骐《金融学》课后习题详解第2章本章摸索题1．什么是信用？它是如何样产生和进展的？答：〔1〕从经济意义上看，信用是以借贷为特点的经济行为，是以还本付息为条件的，表达着特定的经济关系，是不发生所有权变化的价值单方面的临时让渡或转移。
〔2〕信用产生于原始社会末期，是商品经济进展到一定时期的产物。
信用的产生与存在同市场经济的产生、进展以及有关特点高度相关。
社会化大生产过程中，产业资金以及社会总资金在其循环周转过程中存在有大量的闲置资金，闲置货币资金在客观上具有再使用的本能要求。
在大量货币资金因各种缘故被闲置起来的同时，社会再生产过程中又产生了对货币资金临时性的要求，需要借入资金。
可见，信用的产生起因于如此一个差不多事实：一个经济单位显现资金赢余，而另一个经济单位显现收支不抵时，便形成了双方借贷关系的基础。
通过信用，将这些资金在社会范畴内抽余补缺，以一方面的闲置抵补另一方面的短缺，就会使全社会资金的使用效益大大提高，社会的产出规模增大，人们的福利也会因此而增加。
2．试述信用的特点。
答：信用是以借贷为特点的经济行为，是以还本付息为条件的，表达着特定的经济关系，是不发生所有权变化的价值单方面的临时让渡或转移。
不论信用的形式如何，它们都具有以下共同特点：〔1〕信用的标的是一种所有权与使用权相分离的资金。
它的所有权把握在信用提供者手中，信用的同意者只具有使用权，信用关系终止时，其所有权和使用权才统一在原信用提供者手中。
〔2〕以还本付息为条件信用资金的借贷不是无偿的，而是以还本付息为条件的。
信用关系一旦建立，债务人将承担按期还本付息的义务，债权人将拥有按期收回本息的权益。
而且利息的多寡与本金额大小及信用期限的长短紧密相关，一样来讲，本金越大，信用期限越长，需要支付的利息就越多。
〔3〕以相互信任为基础信用是以授信人对受信人偿债能力的信心而成立的，借贷双方的相互信任构成信用关系的基础。
假如相互不信任或显现信任危机，信用关系是不可能发生的，即使发生了，也不可能长久连续下去。
《金融学》习题(第1-3章)
《金融学》练习题第一章货币一、单项选择题1．下列属于商品货币的是（）A.元宝B.贝币C.環钱D.交子2．现代经济中信用货币的发行主体是（）A.印钞厂B.政府C.中央银行D.财政部3．马克思对货币本质的认识是（）A.货币是便利交易的技术工具B.货币就是财富C.货币是发挥一般等价物作用的特殊商品D.货币数量多少与商品价格水平涨落呈正比例变动，与货币价值高低呈反比例变动4．在货币层次划分中，通常狭义货币是指（）A.M0B.M1C.M2D.M35．在货币层次划分中，所谓的准货币是指（）A.现金和活期存款B.活期存款和定期存款C.定期存款和储蓄存款D.定期存款、储蓄存款和其他存款二、多项选择题1．下列属于信用货币的是（）A.金币B.布币C.银行券D.不兑现的纸币E.电子货币2．贵金融具有的天然属性最适合于充当货币，其特征主要表现为（）A.质地均匀B.便于分割和携带C.体积小、价值高D.内在价值稳定E.国家能以政治强权铸造和发行3．信用货币的特征包括（）A.信用货币是一种价值符号B.信用货币具有内在价值C.信用货币可以兑换金银货币D.信用货币具有强制流通性E.国家可以通过中央银行来管理和控制货币流通4．根据货币材料的不同，历史上的货币制度有（）A. 商品本位制 B. 银本位制 C. 金银复本位制 D. 金本位制E. 不兑现的信用货币制度三、判断题1．人们在银行的储蓄存款也是货币储藏手段职能的体现。
（）2．货币形态的演变历史表明用何种物质形式的货币并非关键，能否有效发挥货币职能才是最重要的。
（）3．在金属货币制度下，货币单位通常就是货币金属的重量单位。
（）4．本位币是有限法偿货币，辅币是无限法偿货币。
（）5．在金银复本位制下，虽然规定金银同时作为本位币，但由于“劣币驱逐良币”规律的作用，市场上实际流通的往往只是金币。
（）6．金币本位制有三大“自由”：金币自由铸造和熔化、银行券自由兑换金币、黄金自由输出入国境。
金融学 第二章-信用-习题与答案
4股份公司的典型形式是指( )。
5直接融资活动中的核心是( )。
三、选择题
1.信用活动中的货币发挥的职能是( )、
A储藏手段B．支付手段
C流通手段D．价值尺度
2由债权人开出承诺到期付款的有价证券是（)。
A．商业票据B支票
C．商业汇票D商业期票
3一直在我国占主导地位的信用形式是( )。
A．银行信用B国家信用
C消费信用D民间信用
4．在商业信用中采用的商业票据有( )。
A支票B传票C期票D汇票
5．消费信贷的基本类型有( )。
A银行信用B合作信用
C商业信用D国家信用
6在典型的商业信用中实际包括两个同时发生的经济行为，即（）。
A买卖行为B．借贷行为
C分配行为D生产行为
7．与公司、企业的经营活动直接联系的信用形式有()。
4．有限责任公司
5．证券公司
三选择题
1B2C3A4ACD5AC6AB
7BD 8BCD 9D 10B 11ABCD 12AD
四简答题
比较商业信用与银行信用的特点，二者兼有怎样的联系？
答：与公司、企业的经营活动直接联系的信用有两种形式：商业信用和银行信用。
（1）商业信用：典型的商业信用是工商企业以赊销方式对购买商品的工商企业所提供的信用。不仅在各国国内交易中广泛存在，并且也广泛存在于国际贸易之中，对于推动商品交易和经济增长有着重要意义。在典型的商业信用中，实际包括两个同时发生的经济行为：买卖行为和借贷行为。就买卖行为来说，在发生商业信用之际就已完结，即该产品从工厂所有变成商店所有，就与通常现款买卖一样，而在此之后，它们之间只存在一定货币金额的债权债务关系。
商业信用有其严格的方向性。一般地说，是上游产品企业向下游产品企业提供信用，是工业向商业提供信用。因而有些企业很难从这种形式取得必要的信用支持。
金融学第二章习题答案发送版
第二章信用、利息和利率一、填空题1、信用产生和存在的经济基础是商品货币关系的存在(或者商品交换和私有制的出现)2、信用是一种特殊的价值运动形式，是以偿还和付息为条件的单方面的价值转移。
3、不论是短期信用工具还是长期信用工具，主要都具备偿还性（期限性）、风险性（安全性）、流动性（可转让性）和收益性等特点。
4、信用的基本形式有商业信用、银行信用、国家信用、消费信用、租赁信用、国际信用等。
5、商业信用是企业之间在买卖商品时，以＿延期付款或预付货款形式提供的信用。
6、以货币形式提供的信用是银行信用。
7、股票的收益主要包括股息收入和资本利得（即买卖差价）两方面。
8、债券是由债务人签发的，证明债权人有权按约定的条件取得利息和收回本金的债权凭证。
9、商业本票是指债务人向债权人发出的承诺在一定时期内支付一定数额款项的债权人。
10、商业汇票有三个关系人，即出票人、持票人和付款人。
银行汇票涉及四个关系人，分别是汇款人，出票人（汇出银行），持票人（受款人），付款人（兑付银行）。
11、支票是由支票存款账户根据协议向银行签发的支付命令。
12、实际利率是指名义利率剔除掉通货膨胀因素之后的利率。
二、单项选择题1、发行价格低于金融工具的票面金额称作。
A、溢价B、平价C、折价D、竞价2、信用的基本特征是。
A、平等的价值交换B、无条件的价值单方面让渡C、以偿还为条件的价值单方面转移D、无偿的赠予或援助3、国家信用的主要形式是。
A、发行政府债券B、短期借款C、长期借款D、自愿捐助4、信用是。
A、买卖行为B、赠予行为C、救济行为D、各种借贷关系的总和5、在多种利率并存的条件下起决定作用的利率是。
A、基准利率B、差别利率C、实际利率D、公定利率6、下列利率决定理论中，哪一理论强调投资与储蓄对利率的决定作用？A、马克思的利率论B、流动偏好论C、可贷资金论D、实际利率论7、现代经济中最基本的和占主导地位的信用形式是。
A、国家信用B、国际信用C、商业信用D、银行信用8、商业信用的主体是。
金融学概论练习题以及答案 (2)
金融学概论练习题以及答案单项选择题1.股票市场下跌造成了。
A．社会财富减少B．股民财富减少，其余的人财富增加C．社会财富增加D．股民财富减少，其余的人财富不变2.AC3.?A.4.?A.5.A.C.6.A7.A?B?C?D?8.A代理国库B对政府提供信贷?C集中保管商业银行的准备金D发行货币9.我国商业银行的组织形式属于：?A.单一银行制??B.总分行制??C.代理行制度???D.银行控股公司制度?判断题1.有违约风险的公司债券的风险溢价必须为负，违约风险越大，风险溢价越低。
2.分割市场理论认为收益率曲线的形状取决于投资者对未来短期利率变动的预期。
3.预期理论认为如果未来短期利率上升，收益率曲线下降；如果未来短期利率下降，收益率曲线则上升；如果未来短期利率不发生变化，收益率曲线也不动，即呈水平状。
4.实行浮动利率，借款人在计算借款成本的难度要大些，但是借贷双方承担的利率风险较小。
因此，对于中长期贷款，一般都倾向于选择浮动利率。
10%，问：（1）该商业银行现在的超额准备金是多少亿元？（2）该商业银行若尽最大可能，能创造出派生存款多少亿元？9.某国基础货币1000亿元，活期存款的法定准备金率为10%，定期存款的准备金率为8%，现金漏损率为16%，银行超额准备金率为6%，定期与活期存款之比为2，求该国的广义货币乘数与广义货币供给量。
10.设原始存款为500万元，法定存款准备金率6%，超额存款准备金率为6%，提现率为8%，试计算整个银行体系创造的派生存款总额。
参考答案选择题：1-5BCBAD6-9ABCB1．（1（22．2*3．由：则：4．答：乙比甲多，选择月薪制5．解：由于两种汇率的标价方法相同，所以交叉相除可得到交叉汇率。
欧元/澳元：1.6606/566．?解：??美元贴水年率=(7.8190-8.2765)/??8.2765*12/17*100%?=?-3.9019%人民币对美元的升水年率?=(8.2765-7.8190)/?7.8190*12/17*100%???????????????=?4.1302%7．解：（1）在纽约外汇市场上，英镑的银行买入价和卖出价均低于伦敦市场。
金融学课后习题参考答案
金融学课后习题参考答案第一题：货币政策理论货币政策是指由中央银行制定和执行的旨在调控货币供应量和利率水平以达到宏观经济稳定的政策。
货币政策的目标通常包括保持物价稳定、促进经济增长和维护金融稳定。
下面是对货币政策理论的详细解答：1. 名义货币供应量（M）的组成包括现金（C）和存款（D）。
通常情况下，中央银行通过购买或出售政府债券来控制货币供应量。
如果中央银行出售政府债券，存款减少，货币供应量减少；如果中央银行购买政府债券，存款增加，货币供应量增加。
2. 通货膨胀率是衡量物价水平变化的指标，它与货币供应量的增长率和经济产出的增长率密切相关。
若货币供应量增长速度高于经济增长速度，通货膨胀率将上升；反之，通货膨胀率将下降。
3. 货币与经济产出之间的关系可以通过费雪方程（MV = PY）来描述。
其中，M为货币供应量，V为货币速度，P为物价水平，Y为实际产出。
通过调控货币供应量和利率水平，中央银行可以影响经济产出和通货膨胀率。
4. 货币政策工具包括公开市场操作、存款准备金率、利率调整等。
公开市场操作是指中央银行通过购买或出售政府债券来调节货币供应量；存款准备金率指的是商业银行需按一定比例保留在中央银行的存款；利率调整则是通过调整短期利率或长期利率来引导经济走向。
第二题：投资组合理论投资组合理论是指通过合理配置不同资产的比例和权重，以降低风险并提高收益的投资策略。
下面是对投资组合理论的详细解答：1. 投资组合的关键是在不同的资产之间寻求相关性较小或负相关的资产以降低系统风险。
相关性较小的资产可以互相抵消风险，从而提高组合的整体表现。
2. 投资者可以通过构建有效前沿曲线来选择最优投资组合。
有效前沿曲线代表了在给定风险水平下，可以获得的最大收益。
投资者可以在有效前沿曲线上选择适合自己风险偏好的投资组合。
3. 马科维茨提出了资本资产定价模型（CAPM），该模型可以帮助投资者确定资产的预期收益率。
CAPM模型认为，资产的预期收益率与市场风险有关，市场风险可以通过贝塔系数来度量。
大学《金融学》试题及答案(二)
大学《金融学》试题及答案第二章信用、利息与利率一、单项选择题（在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是最符合题目要求的，请将其代码写在题后的括弧内。
）1.信用是【 D 】A.买卖行为B.赠予行为C.救济行为D.各种借货关系的总和2.现代经济中最基本的、占主导地位的信用形式是【 C 】A.国家信用B.商业信用C.银行信用D.国际信用3.国家信用的主要形式是【 A 】A.发行政府债券B.短期借款C.长期借款D.自愿捐助4.信用最基本特征是【 C 】A.平等的价值变换B.无条件的价值单方面让渡C.以偿还为条件的价值单方面转移D.无偿的赠予或援助5.商业信用最典型的形式是【 A 】A.赊销B.按揭C. 分期付款D. 预付款6.为消费者提供的、用于满足其消费需求的信用形式是【 D 】A.商业信用B.银行信用C.国家信用D.消费信用7.利用信用卡透支属于【 D 】A.商业信用B.银行信用C.国家信用D.消费信用8.下列不属于直接融资工具的是【 D 】A.商业票据B.股票C.债券D.保险单9.下列必须承兑的票据是【 C 】A.商业期票B.商业本票C.商业汇票D.银行汇票10.既可以取现，又可以转帐的支票是【 A 】A.现金支票B.转账支票C.划线支票D.平行线支票11.下列属于基准利率的是【 D 】A.存款利率B.贷款利率C.国债利率D.再贴现率12.预期通货膨胀变化引起利率水平发生变动的效应称为【 A 】A.费雪效应B.马太效应C.流动性陷阱D.收入效应13.利率的调高会令企业压缩资金需求，减少借款规模，更加谨慎地使用资金。
这是利率（）功能中的【 D 】A.分配收入B.激励C. 积累资金D.约束14．我国利率市场化的突破口是放开【 A 】A.同业拆借利率B.债券市场利率C.存款利率D.贷款利率二、多项选择题（在小题列出的五个备选项中，至少有二个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码写在题后的括弧内。
）1.信用的特征有【ABCDE 】A.信用的标的是一种所有权与使用权相分离的资金B.以还本付息为条件C.以相互信任为基础D.以收益最大化为目标E.具有特殊的运动形式2.按照授受信用的主体不同，可将信用分为【 ABCDE 】A.商业信用B.银行信用C.国家信用D.消费信用E.国际信用3.商业信用的局限性主要有【ACD 】A.严格的方向性B.稳定性强C.产业规模的约束性D.信用链条不稳定E.债权债务人可以是银行4.商业信用的主要形式有【ADE 】A.赊销B.按揭C.透支D.分期付款E.预付款5.政府债券按照期限的长短可分为【ABC 】A.国库券B.国债券C.公债券D.金融债券E.公司债券6.消费信用的主要方式有【 ABD 】A.赊销B.消费贷款C.发行债券D.分期付款E.预付款7.信用风险的特征有【 ABCD 】A.客观性B.传染性C.可控性D.周期性E.可测性8.信用工具按照融通资金的方式不同可分为【AB 】A．直接融资工具 B.间接融资工具 C.无限可接受性信用工具D．有限可接受性工具 E.长短期信用工具9.商业票据的特点有【AB 】A.不可争辩性B.背书转让C.必须承兑D.必须担保E.都可以贴现10．按照盈利的不同分配方式，可将股票分为【 CD 】A.记名股票B.不记名股票C.优先股股票D.普通股股票E.有面额和无面额的股票11.债券按照发行者不同可以分为【 ADE 】A.政府债券B.国库券C.公债券D.公司债券E.金融债券12.信用工具具有的特征【 ABCD 】A.偿还性B.收益性C.流动性D.安全性E.公平性★13.根据产品的形态，可将衍生金融工具分为【ABCD 】A.远期B.期货C.期权D.掉期E.股票★14.金融衍生工具的功能有【ABC 】A.转移价格风险B.形成权威价格C.提高资产质量C.投机 E.媒介资金融通15.马克思对利息本质的论述是【ACD 】A.利息直接来源于利润B. 利息是借贷资本家节欲的报酬C.利息是对剩余价值的分割D.利息是利润的一部份而不是全部E.利息来源于边际生产力16.按照性质不同，可将利率分为【 CD 】A.单利率B.复利率C.名义利率D.实际利率E.市场利率17.凯恩斯认为货币的需求取决于公众的流动偏好动机，流动偏好动机包括【ACD 】A.交易动机B.保值动机C.预防动机D.投机动机E.储蓄动机★18.下列哪些表达符合古典学派的储蓄投资理论【ABCDE 】A.工资和价格的自由伸缩可以自动地达到充分就业B.社会存在一个不受任何货币数量变动影响的单一利率水平使经济体系处于充分就业的均衡状态C.当实体经济部门的储蓄等于投资时，整个国民经济达到均衡状态D.利率决定于储蓄与投资的相互作用E.发现了预期通货膨胀与利率之间的关系★19.下列哪些表达符合凯恩斯的流动偏好理论【ABCDE 】A.货币供给独立于利率的变动，因为它是一个外生变量是由央行直接控制的B.货币的需求是内生变量，它取决于公众的流动性偏好C.当货币供求达到均衡时，国民经济处于均衡状态D.决定利率的所有因素均为货币因素，利率水平与实体经济部门无关E.交易动机和预防动机与收入成正比，投机动机与利率成反比★20.下列哪些表达符合可贷资金理论【ABDE 】A.利率是为取得借款权或可贷资金使用权而支付的价格B.利率是由可贷资金市场中的供求关系决定C.当利率下降到一定水平后，央行的货币供给量增加就不能使利率继续下降D.企业生产成本降低后企业的储蓄就会增加令利率降低E.利率是放弃当前消费而进行储蓄的一种激励三、计算题1.某人在第一年末购买了一张10年期、票面金额100元、每年可获得8元利息的债券，购买价格为95元。