新初中英语语法知识—介词的知识点总复习有解析
一、选择题
1．There is an old bridge __________the river. Be careful (小心) when you ________________ it. A．over; across B．over; cross C．on; cross D．on; across
2．The old man arrived _________ the village _______ a rainy night.
A．at; on B．on; at C．in; at D．on; in
3．— Are you going to school________bus?
—No, we are going________Mary’s mother’s car.
A．by, by B．from, by C．by, in D．in, at
4．The girl often goes to the park many beautiful flowers.
A．with B．have C．has D．in
5．The bird’s singing came into my room ______ the window and woke me up in the early morning.
A．down B．from C．through D．across
6．The moonlight is shining in the window. Everything in the room looks so beautiful. A．over B．through C．across D．past
7．Jiangsu Development Summit was open _____ May 20th in Nanjing.
A．on B．in C．at D．by
8．—What's the secret good health?
—Eating healthy food and taking enough exercise.
A．in B．to C．on
9．My uncle has taught in this school________ he was twenty years old.
A．after B．for C．until D．since
10．It’s necessary for Tony to do ____ thing ____ his classmates do.
A．same, as B．same, like C．the same, to D．the same, as
11．______ Sunday morning my sister usually does her homework, and ______ the afternoon she usually plays tennis.
A．On; on B．In; in C．On; in D．In; on
12．The boy read English________every morning ________the age of ten.
A．on; in B．on; at C．in; at; D．/; at
13．My cousin Mary was born ＿＿＿ a singing voice.
A．from B．in C．with
14．He has a garden __________ a lot of flowers.
A．has B．there is C．with
15．Look! The girl ________ green clothes is my sister and the boy ________ big eyes is my brother.
A．in; has B．in a; has a C．in; with D．in a; with a 16．Shanghai is ________ the east of China and _________ the west of Japan.
A．in; to B．in; in
C．to; to D．to; in
17．The Dragon Boat Festival fell ________June 18th this year.
A．in B．to C．on D．from 18．（2017年山东德州）A woman stood ______ the window, watching the children playing games in the garden.
A．past B．through C．across D．by
19．It is not easy to cross the river ________ a ropeway.
A．from B．with C．by D．on
20．It’s very kind ___________ you to lend me your reusable shopping bags.
A．of B．for C．to D．with
21．Did you read the news________the newspapers that Yang Jiang passed away (去世)
________the morning of May 25th?
A．in; in B．on; in C．in; on D．on; on 22．Nature has given us the ability to learn________watching others. Children do it naturally. A．by B．in C．on
23．—Where is Hubei?
—It’s _______ the north of Hunan.
A．in B．to C．on
24．—Hi, Jane. What time do you get up __________ weekdays?
—I usually get up __________ about six o’clock.
A．in; at B．on; at C．at; at D．on; on 25．Jenny’s math lesson is________nine________Friday morning.
A．in; on B．at; on C．on; in D．at; in
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：河上有一座古老的桥。当你过桥时要小心。
考查介词与动词的用法。over表示“在……正上方”，on在……的表面（有接触）； cross 经过，动词；across穿过，介词。这里首先桥不与河接触，并且在正上方；第二个空缺少的是谓语动词。故答案为B。
2．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：那位老人在一个雨夜到达了那个村庄。
本题考查介词。at在，on在……上面，in在……里。arrive at表示到达小地点；arrive in表示到达大地点。到达一个小村庄，用arrive at。表示在一个下雨的夜晚，用介词on。故选A。
3．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你将要乘坐公交车去上学吗？——不，我们将乘坐玛丽母亲的车去。
本题考查介词。from来自，at在，表示“乘坐……”，用by+表示交通工具的单数名词，或者in+one’s+表示交通工具的单数名词；by bus乘坐公交车，in Mary’s mother’s car乘坐玛丽母亲的车。故选C。
4．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：这个女孩经常带着美丽的花去公园。
考查介词的用法。with和，表示伴随；have有；has有；in在……里面。根据句意可知女孩带着“美丽的花”，表示伴随，用with。故选A。
5．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：鸟儿的歌声透过窗户进入我的房间，一大早就把我吵醒了。
本题可用“语境分析法”解答。down“沿着；向下”；from“来自”；through“（从物体内部或空间）穿过”；across“（从物体表面）穿过”。由句意“鸟的歌声从窗户传进我的房间……”可知选C。
6．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：月光正透过窗户照进来。房间里的一切看起来非常漂亮。
本题考查介词辨析。over在上方越过；through从中间穿过；across从表面穿过；past经过。结合句意，月光透过窗户进来，故用through。故选B。
7．A
解析：A
【解析】句意：江苏发展峰会于5月20日在南京开幕。考查介词辨析题。表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄等用 at；泛指一般意义的上午、下午或晚上以及月或年等较长的时间，一般用 in；若表示星期几或某一特定的日期，则用 on；表示“到……时为止”或“不迟于……”用by。本句May 20th是特定日期，需用on。根据句意语境，可知选A。
点睛：时间介词是英语中的经典考题。表示时间的介词很多：一、at, on, in (A) at表示“在某一时刻，某一时点”；(B) on表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午”；(C) in表示“在某世纪、年、季度、月、周”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。二、for, during, through (A) for后接“一段时间”，表示某事持续多久，后接时间段，多与完成时连用；(B) during表示“在……期间”；(C) through表示“一直……，自始至终”。三、from, since (A) from表示“时间的起点”，可译作“从……”，多用于“from…to/till…”中；(B) since表示“自从……以来（直到现在）”，后接时间点。四、before, by, till, until (A) before指“在……之前”，与after相对；(B) by指“不迟于，到……时为止，在……以前”；(C) till (until) “直到……为止”。五、after, in, within(A) after
表示“在……之后”，是before的反义词；(B) within“在……时间之内”。
8．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——保持身体健康的秘诀是什么？——吃健康的食物和多做锻炼。
考查介词。 in 接某年某月某季节；to向，朝着；on 接具体某一天。根据句意，空格处表示"身体健康的秘诀"，固定搭配the secret to ……的秘诀，所以空格处用介词to。故选B。9．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：我的叔叔在他20岁的时候就在这个学校教书了。
考查现在完成时。after在……之后；for为了；until直到；since自从。根据题干中的“has taught”可知是现在完成时，现在完成时的时间标志词：since+时间点；for+时间段；he was twenty years old他20岁的时候是时间点，要用since。故选D。
10．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：对于托尼来说，和他同学一样做是有必要的。考查固定搭配。和……一样用词组the same as，故选D。
【点睛】
be the same as和……一样。
be different from和……不同
be similar to和……相似
考试时要注意后面的介词搭配。
11．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：在星期天的早晨，我姐姐通常做作业，而在下午，她通常打网球。表示在某一天的上午、下午或晚上，用介词on；泛指在上午、下午或晚上用介词in。故选C。
12．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：那男孩十岁时每天早晨读英语。
考查介词辨析。on 在……后加星期几，节日前，具体的日期；in 在……；后加一天中的上午，下午或晚上；加月份，年，季节等；at加具体的时间点，或固定搭配。every morning 每天早上，前面不加介词；短语at the the age of…表示“在某人多大岁的时候” at the age of ten表示“在10岁的时候”。根据题意，故选D。
13．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：我的表妹玛丽天生具有唱歌的嗓子。
考查介词辨析。from来自；in在……里面；with和；be born with…天生具有……。据句意，故选C。
14．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：他有一个有很多花的花园。
考查介词。A. has有，动词第三人称单数；B. there is有，形式主语+be动词；C. with有，介词。根据句子结构，已有谓语has的情况下，空格处应填入介词意为“有”，故选C。15．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：看！那个穿着红色衣服的女孩是我的姐姐，那个有一双大眼睛的男孩是我的弟弟。考查介词及零冠词。“in+颜色+(衣物名词)”表达“穿着什么颜色的衣服”；clothes是一个集体数名词，本身就是复数，前面不需要加a。第二句“is ”是句子的谓语部分，空处不需要动词只需要加介词“with”表示伴随状态描述人的相貌“有一双大眼睛的男孩”;eyes是一个复数名词，前面不需要加a。故选C。
16．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：上海在中国的东部，日本的西面。
考查介词。in表示在一个范围之内的某个方向上；to表示不在一个范围内的某个方向上。根据句意可知，上海是中国的一个城市，属于中国的范围，但是不属于日本，因此应选A。
17．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：今年的端午节是6月18日。
考查时间介词。in作时间介词时，常跟表示世纪、季节、年、月份的名词或表示泛指的上午、下午、晚上；to到；on作时间介词，常用于具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上；from从……。由June 18th可知此处表示具体的某一天，需用介词on。故选C。18．D
解析：D
【解析】
句意：一个女人站在窗前，看着孩子们在花园里玩游戏。考查介词辨析题。A. past越过；
B. through穿过；
C. across横穿；
D. by在旁边。stand by站在旁边，后接地点名词；根据句意语境，可知选D。
19．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：乘绳索过河是不容易的。
考查介词用法。from从……；with用；by通过，后跟交通根据不需要冠词；on在……上，短语on a ropeway意为坐索道，根据cross the river可知是坐索道过河。故选D。
20．A
解析：A
【解析】
句意：你把可再用的购物袋借给我，真是太好了。考查介词辨析。It’s very kind of you to dosth.是固定结构，意为：你能做某事真是太好了。故选A。
21．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：你在报纸上看到5月25日早晨杨绛去世的消息了吗？
考查介词辨析。根据固定搭配in the newspaper指的是报纸上说的内容；on the newspaper 是在报纸上，根据第一个空前面的news可知，应该指的是报纸上的内容，用in，排除B
和D，in后面接不具体的某一天；on后面接具体的某一天，由第二个空后面的the morning of May 25th可知，是具体的某一天，用on，排除A，故选C。
【点睛】
at, in, on,for与时间搭配：
at加时间点、时刻以及节日前用at。如at noon, at night; at Christmas。
in表示较长的时间（年、月、世纪、上午、下午、晚上等）。如in the 1990s, in the morning。
on用于具体到某一天的日子或具体的某一天早晨、下午、晚上。如on October 1st, on the morning of January 4th。
for+时间段
22．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：大自然赋予我们通过观察别人来学习的能力。孩子们做得很自然。
考查介词辨析。by通过，表方式；in表时间或地点；on表时间或地点。根据题干“to learn ________ watching others”可知表方式，by doing sth.通过做某事。故选A。
23．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——湖北在哪里？——它在湖南的北面。
考查介词辨析。in在里面，用于表示空间或范围内；to到，可用于表示范围之外；on可用于表示接壤。根据地理常识可知湖北和湖南相接，需用介词on表示方位，故选C。24．B
解析：B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：你在平时几点起床？我通常在六点起床。在工作日或周末用介词on ，在几点用介词at.故选B。
考点：考查介词的用法。
25．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：詹妮的数学是在周五早晨9点。
考查介词的用法。in后跟某年某月某个季节等；在时刻前用介词at；在具体的某一天前用介词on。故选B。
初中英语-介词专项
介词 一．概念：介词用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系，介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分, 介词短语= 介词+介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当） 二、常用 1、in 在......之内 1) 表示地点，表示大地点。She’s in China with her mom and dad. 2)表示时间，表示在某一个时间段内The weather is cold in winter. 3) 表示颜色和语言也用介词in。 Do you know the girl in red? I can write this article in English. 2、from 从......中来 1) come from I come from China and I’m Chinese. 2) download from I download music from the Internet. 3) be different from Lily’s habits are different from Linda’s. 3. with 和，用，与 1) with sb 和......人在一起I’m in Class One with Daming and Lingling. 2）with sth. 表示用某种工具I write with my pen, and I see with my eyes. 4. at 在...... 1) 表地点，主小地点。My father is a teacher at Beijing International School. 2) 表时间，主指时间的一个点。I get up at half past seven in the morning. 3) be good at 擅长于...... I am good at reading and writing. 5. behind 在......后面The classrooms are behind the offices. 6. next to 紧挨着The library is next to the classrooms. 7. in front of 在......前面They are in front of Tony and Daming. 8. for 为了......，因为。。。。Thank you for your email. 9. on 在......上，在......时 1）表示时间，表示具体的一天。Would you like to go to a football match on Sunday? 2）表示地点on the farm on the playground 10. to 自，向 1）talk to 与......谈论We have a break and I talk to my friends. 2) go to 去He likes films and he often goes to the cinema. 3）welcome to 欢迎到...... Welcome to Beijing Zoo. 4）listen to 听They always listen to music. 5）connect......to .和...连接一起Please connect the monitor to the computer first.
小学英语介词知识点及练习题
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骆驼从非洲来。 2) dow nl oad from L I dow nl oad music from the In ternet. 我从网络上下载音乐。 3) be differe nt from h ,i Lily ' s habits are different from Linda ' s. 莉莉的习惯与琳达的不同。 3. with 和，用，与怎 1) with sb 和...... 人在一起 I ' m in Class One with Daming and Lingling. 我与大明 和玲玲都是一班的学生。 Would you like to go to the cinema with Betty and me? 你愿意与贝蒂和我一起去看电影么？ 2) with sth. 表示用某种工具屁 I write with my pen, and I see with my eyes. 我用我的笔写字，用我的眼睛来看。 4. at 在 .... 陰 1) 表示地点，主要指小地点。磁 My father is a teacher at Beiji ng Intern ati onal School. 我爸爸是北京国际学校的一名老师。 My mother is a doctor at the hospital. 我妈妈是医院医 生。 2) 表示时间，主要指时间的一个点。孟 I get up at half past seve n in the morning. 我早上七点半起床。 I usually do my homework at home and at the weekend.
人教版 初中英语知识点介词
初中英语知识点：介词 知识点总结 介词是一种用来表示词词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。 一、表示时间的介词 时间介词有in , on，at， after， since，during,by,before,after,until等，前三个介词用法有个口诀： at午夜、点与分，上午、下午、晚用in。 年、月、年月、季节、周，之前加上介词in。 将来时态多久后，这些情形亦用in。 日子、日期、年月日，星期之前要用on。 其余几组常见的时间介词辨析如下辨析如下： 1、时间介词in与after 的用法辨析 介词 in + 一段时间用于一般将来时。如：We’ll go to school in two weeks. 介词after + 一段时间用于一般过去时。如：My mother came home after half an hour. 介词after + 时间点常用于一般将来时。如：We’ll go out for a w alk after supper. 2、时间介词for与since的用法辨析 介词for 表示一段时间如：I have been living here for 10 years. 介词since 表示从过去某一时间以来如：I have been living here since 2000. 3、时间介词before与by的用法辨析
介词before表示“在…之前”如：He won’t come back before five . 介词by表示“到…时为止，不迟于…”如：The work must be finished by Friday. 4、时间介词during与for的用法辨析 当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during如：He swims every day during the summer. 如果一段时间不明确则用介词for如：I haven’t seen her for years. 5、时间介词till与until用法的异同 till和until用在肯定句中，均可表示“直到…为止”，如：I will wait till(until)seven o'clock. till和until用在否定句中，均可表示“在…以前”或“直到…才”。 如：Tom didn't come back till(until)midnight. till多用于普通文体，而 until则用于多种文体，并且在句子开头时，用until而不用till如：Until he comes back，nothing can be done. 注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。 二、表示方位的介词 常用的表示方位的介词用法及辨析如下： 1、方位介词on, over, above的用法辨析 介词on表示一物放在另一物上面，两者紧贴在一起，如：The book is on the table. 介词over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在…上方”，如：Is there any bridge over the river?
小学英语介词汇总
小学英语介词总结介词（Preposition） 一、概述 介词是英语中很活跃的词，一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意义。 二、常用介词的基本用法 简单介词（由一个单词构成）如at, from, by, under, near等。 复合介词（由介词与介词或其他词合成的一个介词）into, inside, outside,within等。 双重介词（由两个简单介词联合形成）如from across, since before等。 短语介词（由两个或两个以上构成的介词词组）如becauseof,insteadof等。 1.表示地点位置的介词 1)at ,in, on, to，for at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近，旁边” in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示“在…范围之内”。 on表示毗邻，接壤，“在……上面”。 to表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到……” 2)above, over, on在……上 above指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与below相对；The bird is flyingabove my head. over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。
There is a bridge over the river. on表示某物体上面并与之接触。He put his watch on the desk.3)below, under 在……下面 under表示在…正下方There is a cat under the table. below表示在……下，不一定在正下方Pleasewriteyournamebelowtheline.4)in front of, in the front of在……前面 in front of…意思是“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在……的后面）。Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse.(房子前面有些花卉。) in the front of意思是“在…..的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是atthebackof…（在……范围内的后部）。Thereisablackboardinthefrontofourclassroom.我们的教室前边有一块黑板。Ourteacherstandsinthefront of the classroom.我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里)5）beside，behind beside表示在……旁边 behind表示在……后面 2.表示时间的介词 1)in , on，at在……时 in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。如in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, inJanuary, in the morning, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。 on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。如on May1st, onMonday, onChristmas,onNewYear’sDay,onacoldnightinJanuary,onafinemorning,on Sunday afternoon等。