考研英语一真题词汇2005
真题单词词组
2005年真题
Vanish消失
Reputation名声
Slack松懈，懈怠
Outrage激起义愤
Underlying潜在的，隐含的
Grievance不满
Be jealous of 嫉妒
A fat pay rise丰厚的加薪
Underlying assumption潜在的假设
All too human人之常情
Pose a contrast形成对照
Justify an assumption证明一种假设
Make a comparison作出比较
Explain a phenomenon解释一种现象Resent厌恶
Capuchin卷尾猴
Readily乐意地，心甘情愿地
Incline to 倾向于
Temperament性情
Counterpart副本；配对物；极相似的人或物Above all首先；尤其是
Good-natured生性温和的
Attentive留意的，注意的
Instruction指令
Candidate被认为适合者
Token代币
Adjoining相邻的
Chamber房间
Normally正常地；通常地，一般地
Slices of几片
Markly显著地
In separate分开地
Perfect candidate理想人选
Luxury奢侈
Reluctant不情愿
Induce招致
Resentment愤怒
Luxury goods奢侈品
In exchange for作为…的交换
Toss投掷
Preserve（单数）某群体独有的活动Abundantly极其，非常Righteous indignation义愤
Abundantly clear十分清楚
Stem from源于
As yet到目前为止
Group-living群居的
Evolve from由…进化
Buy 相信，承认接受
Lobby 大厅;游说
Nonsense 胡说；荒谬的
Correlation 关系
Be out to 是为了
Stay out of the way不干涉，置身事外
Go to early graves早死
Insignificant无关紧要的
Panel专家团
Enlist谋求某人帮助
Definitely毫无疑问地
In one wave after another一波又一波，前赴后继
Awaken sb to sth使察觉到，意识到，唤起Man-made 人为的
Preface前言；为…加序言
Critical至关重要的，临界的
Parallel平行线；对比；
Get moving to行动；出发
Fume烟，气
Prudent谨慎明智的
Come from many quarters来自多方面Take out an insurance policy采取防范措施Incomplete不完全的
Hinder阻碍
Press for sth不断要求
Paralysis by analysis分析导致瘫痪Extensive广泛的
Steward保护者
Initiative先行措施
Fashion形成，塑造
Incentive奖励
Aggravate变得更严重
Press forward on sth推进某事
Take the legislative initiative行使立法动议权Fashion conservation measures制定保护措施
Be environmentally sound对环境无害
Offer aid to build cleaner power plants为修建更清洁的发电厂提供援助
Raise public awareness of conservation提高公众的环保意识
Press for further scientific research敦促进一步的科学研究
Take some legislative measures采取一些立法措施
Negligence疏忽；忽视；粗心大意
Be applicable to适应于，应用于
Suspend暂停
Formulate创立（新观点、理论等）Revolutionary革命性的
Disguise伪装，假扮
Neurologist神经学家
Thermostat恒温器
Harness控制及利用（自然力等）Susceptible易受影响的
Innermost内心深处的
Of all …, … is the least所有…之中最不…的一个
Unconscious desires and fears无意识的欲望和恐惧
A leading authority有影响力的权威人士Bring … under conscious control将…置于意识控制之下
Components
Switch to
Intensely
Modify
Be susceptible to
Early in the night 晚上的早期，前半夜Progress toward 朝向…发展
Work through 克服…
Identify
Visualize
Recur重现
Exercise使关注；致力于（解决问题）Literally确实地
General
Terrorism恐怖主义
Therapist治疗专家
At the end of the day 说到底，不管怎么说Wake up in a panic 梦中惊醒Command Degradation Controversialist Liberal
Public figure Aspire to Linguist Triumph Counter-culture。
2005年考研英语(一)完形填空重要词汇汇总
2005年考研英语（一）完形填空重要词汇汇总这是一篇社会生活类文章，主要是讲述了人的鼻子为什么对有些气味是不敏感的。
文章中的单词难度适中，基本没有超纲词汇，但是逻辑词和长难句偏多，可能会影响同学们的理解。
同样，文章中出现了许多高频重点单词，以下是本文中出现的10个，就让我们一起来学习吧！1. 13expose [ɪk'spoz]vt. 揭露，揭发;使曝光;显示【词根记忆】：ex(在…前面)+pose(姿势)→expose(在其前面摆好姿势，显示)【短语搭配】：expose to 暴露; 使暴露; 使曝光; 暴露于expose uncover 使暴露; 暴露于【真题例句】：However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell at first can suddenly become sensitive to it when exposed to it often enough.然而我们却发现，即使刚开始对某种气味不敏感的人，如果常常接触该气味，那么他也会突然变得对这种气味敏感了。
(2005年完型填空)2. 2inefficient [ɪnɪ'fɪʃ(ə)nt]adj. 无效率的，效率低的;无能的【词根记忆】：in(否定前缀)+efficient(有效的)→inefficient(无效率的，效率低的)【短语搭配】：expose to 暴露; 使暴露; 使曝光; 暴露于expose uncover 使暴露; 暴露于Auto Expose 自动曝光【真题例句】：The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it inefficient to keepall smell receptors working all the time but can creat new receptors if necessary. 看来，对嗅觉不灵的解释应该是：大脑发现让所有嗅觉感受器都始终工作的话效率太低，但是在必要时却能产生新嗅觉感受器。
考研英语真题中单词总结2005
1perceive[pəˈsi:v]vt.感觉, 察觉, 理解2stick to[]n.保留, 保有遵守, 坚持紧跟; 粘住3reputation[ˌrepjuˈteiʃən]n.名气, 名声, 名誉4slack[slæk]adj.松(弛)的清淡的, 不活跃的懈怠的, 马虎的n.(绳索等)松弛部分宽松裤vt. & vi.懈怠; 偷懒减速; 放松5outrage[ˈautreidʒ]n.义愤, 愤慨暴行骇人听闻的事件vt.引起…的义愤, 激怒6grievance[ˈɡri:vəns]n.委屈, 苦衷, 不满, 怨恨7cucumber[ˈkju:kʌmbə]n.黄瓜, 胡瓜8slice[slais]n.片, 薄片, 切片部分; 份vt.切vt. & vi.斜击9adjoin[əˈdʒɔin]vt. & vi.邻近, 毗连10luxury[ˈlʌkʃəri]n.奢侈, 豪华奢侈品11toss[tɔs]vt. & vi.扔; 投; 抛(使)摇荡; 使颠簸12mere[miə]adj.仅仅, 只不过纯粹的13righteous[ˈraitʃəs]adj.正直的, 正派的正当的; 道义上无可指责的14stem[stem]n.(花草的)茎, (树木的)干词干vt.遏制[阻止](液体的流动等)15rival[ˈraivəl]n.竞争对手vt.与…竞争, 与…匹敌16resent[riˈzent]vt.对…感到愤怒17jealous[ˈdʒeləs]adj.妒忌的, 猜疑的妒羡的; 羡慕的精心守护的, 珍惜的18inclined[inˈklaind]adj. 倾向…的, 有…意向的易于…的, 有…趋势的19temperament[ˈtempərəmənt]n.性格, 性情, 气质20grape[ɡreip]n.葡萄21lobby[ˈlɔbi]n.前厅, 厅堂议会休息室游说议员的团体vt. & vi.向…进行游说[疏通]22grave[ɡreiv]adj.(指情况)严重的严肃的, 庄重的n.坟墓死亡23upset[ʌpˈset]adj.心烦的不舒服的n.翻倒, 扰乱, 不安, 不适vt.打乱, 扰乱使苦恼, 使心烦; 使不适vt. & vi.打翻, 弄翻24pane[pein]n.窗玻璃25enlist[inˈlist]vt.获得(帮助或支持)vt. & vi.(使)入伍, (使)参军26preface[ˈprefis]n.序言, 前言开端, 前奏vt.作为…的序言, 作为…的开端27pour[pɔ:]vt. & vi.涌出倾; 倒28prudent[ˈpru:dnt]adj.审慎的; 有先见之明的; 判断力强的29steward[stjuəd]n.(轮船、飞机等的)乘务员, 服务员(俱乐部、旅馆、工会等的)管理员30legislative[ˈledʒislətiv]adj.立法的31incentive[inˈsentiv]n.激励某人做某事的事物; 刺激; 诱因, 动机32Critic[ˈkritik]n.批评家, 评论家33hinder[ˈhində]vt. & vi.阻碍; 妨碍34logic[ˈlɔdʒik]n.逻辑(学), 逻辑性推理方法合理的想法35thermostat[ˈθə:məstæt]n.恒温(调节)器36emotional[iˈməuʃənl]adj.表现强烈情感的, 令人动情的易动感情的, 情绪激动的感情的, 情绪的37harness[ˈhɑ:nis]n.马具, 挽具vt.给(马等)装上挽具治理, 利用38vivid[ˈvivid]adj.鲜艳的生动的, 栩栩如生的39limbic[]40panic[ˈpænik]n.恐慌, 惊慌, 慌乱vt. & vi.(使)恐慌41therapist[ˈθerəpist]n.治疗专家42innermost[ˈinəməust]adj. 最深处的隐私的, 最隐秘的43prefrontal[ˈpri:ˈfrʌntl]adj. 额叶前部的,前额的44cortex[ˈkɔ:teks]n.〈解〉(脑或其他器官的)皮层植物的表皮45persist[pəˈsist]vt. & vi.坚持, 固执46rid[rid]vt.使摆脱, 解除…的负担, 从…中清除47regrettable[]48cult[kʌlt]n.迷信狂热的崇拜49oral[ˈɔrəl]adj.口头的, 口述的口服的50spelt[spelt]n. 斯佩耳特小麦spell的过去式及过去分词51craft[krɑ:ft]n.工艺, 手艺行业, 职业诡计, 手腕小船, 船飞机,飞船52genre[ʒɑ:r]n.〈法〉(文学、艺术等的)类型, 体裁, 风格53subtitle[ˈsʌbˌtaitl]n.小标题, 副标题(电影的)字幕vt.给…加副标题[字幕]54dialect[ˈdaiəlekt]n.方言, 土语55chunk[tʃʌŋk]n.厚厚的一块(某物)相当大的数量或部分56elaborate[iˈlæbəreit]adj.复杂的; 精心制作的vi.详尽说明vt.详细制定57reform[riˈfɔ:m]n.改革, 改良, 改造vt. & vi.改革; 改造; 改善58controversy[ˈkɔntrəvə:si]n.公开辩论, 论战59denote[diˈnəut]vt.为…的符号; 为…的名称指示; 指出60groan[ɡrəun]n.呻吟, 叹息呻吟般的声音vi.呻吟发牢骚, 抱怨受苦, 受折磨vt.呻吟着表示61soar[sɔ:]vi.高飞, 翱翔猛增高耸, 屹立62revenue[ˈrevənju:]n.收入, 收益; 财政收入, 税收63federal[ˈfedərəl]adj.联邦(制)的联邦政府的64exaggeration[iɡˌzædʒəˈreiʃən]n.夸张,夸大之词65lodge[lɔdʒ]n.乡间小屋, 旅舍vi.暂住, 借宿vt.供…以临时住处向当局提出声明66的[dì]n.oftarget。
2005年考研英语阅读理解Text1单词(附中文词义)
Text 1 动物公平Rise，v. 上涨，上升；Pleasure，n. 喜悦Vanish，v. 消失Colleague，n. 同事College，n. 学院Indeed，adv. 事实上Reputation，n. 声望，名誉Slack，v. 放松Outrage，v. 愤怒Be regarded as，被当做……Underlying，adj. 潜在的Underlie，v. 位于……之下Assumption，n. 假设Be capable of，有能力做（某事）Finely，adv. 细微地Grievance，n. 不满，委屈Publish，v. 出版，发表As well, 也Researcher, n. 研究者Research, n. & v. 研究Study, v. 研究，调查Female, adj. 女性的Male, adj. 男性的Capuchin monkey 卷尾猴Good-nature 本性善良Creature, n. 创造物Co-operative, adj, 合作的Cooperation, n. 合作Corporation, n. 公司Operation, n. 操作，经营，手术Operate, v. 操作，经营= run Above all, 首先，最重要的是，Counterpart, n. 对应物Tend to do 倾向于做（某事）Pay attention to 注意Value, n. 价值Characteristic, n. 特征Candidate, n. 候选人Exchange…for…, v. 用…交换…Normally, adv. 通常情况下Piece, n. 块Slice, n. 片Separate, adv. 分离的Adjoining, adv. 连接的Chamber, n. 室Observe, v. 观察Markedly, adv. 明显地Luxury, adj. 奢侈的Preferable, adj. 更合心意的，Be reluctant to, 不愿意做（某事）Mere, adj. 只有Receive, v. 接受（被动）Accept, v. 接受（主动）Presence, n. 存在Induce, v. 引起Resentment, n. 愤恨= outrage Guide, v. 引导=directTourist guide 导游Director 导演Social, adj. 社会的Society, n. 社会Emotion, n. 情感Species, n. 种类Specific, adj. 形容词Specialist, n. 专家Specialty, n. 专长Stable, adj. 稳定的Cheat, v. 欺骗=lieRighteous, adj. 正义的Indignation愤怒=resentment=outrage Preserve, n. 保护区Abundantly, adv, 大量地Fairness, n. 公平Evolve, v. 进化Independently, 独立地Stem from 来源于Unanswered 未解答的。
2005年英语重点词汇
organizational a.组织(上)的goal n.目的，目辬；得分进球，球门objective n.目辬，目的a.客观的；无偏见的accomplish vt.完成(任务等)predict vt./vi.预言；预示accompany vt.伴随，陪同；为…伴奏implement vt.实现；完成；履行constraint n.强制；强制因素，制约条件precedent n.先例，前例simplify vt.简化tendency n.趋势，倾向managerial a.经理的，管理人的；管理上的，经营上的maker n.制造者；制造商achievement n.完成，达到；成就，成绩attain vt.达到；完成optimal a.最适宜的；最理想的suboptimization n.局部最优化，次优化trade-off n.(对不能同时兼顾的因素)权衡；物物交换argue vt./vi.争辩，争论，辩论；说服budget n.预算vt.把…编入预算；安排，预定scheme n.计划；方案vt./vi.计划，策划define vt.解释，给…下定义；限定，规定multiple a.多样的，复合的n.倍数profitability n.赚钱，获得correctness n.正确，正确性unintended a.非计划中的，非故意的ongoing a.进行中的，前进的entity n.存在，实体；统一性skilled a.熟练的；有技能的in the way 挡路；碍事make a guess at 猜测and the like 等等，诸如此类seek to 追求，争取in part 部分地，在某种程度上point of view 观点interview vt./n.面谈，采访；面试，口试criticism n.批评；评论candidate n.候选人，候补者；应试者vague a.含糊的；不明确的notion n.概念；想法，看法prospect n.展望，景象；［常pl.］前景，前程community n.社区；共同体unattractive a.无吸引力的；不引人注意的indifference n.冷漠；不感兴趣(to)interviewer n.接见者；面谈者personality n.个性；人格；品格prospective a.预期的；未来的speechless a.不会说话的；不说话的clarification n.澄清，阐明correspondence n.符合，一致；通信photocopy vt./n.复印，影印；照相复制本resume n.摘要，梗概；个人简历inefficiency n.无效；效能差neat a.整洁的；简洁的；整齐的conservative a.保存的，防腐的；保守的，守旧的punk n.(俚)阿飞；朋克a.颓废派的miniskirt n.超短裙panel n.专门小组intimidate vt.恐吓，恫吓clutch vt./vi.抓住，握紧grip vt./n.紧握，紧夹；掌握，控制painful a.痛苦的；费力的rephrase vt.重新措辞，改用别的话表示apply for 申请day to day work 日常工作take the trouble to 不辞劳苦，费力to one's advantage 对某人有利ask for 请求，向…要；寻找in hand 手头上有make sure 查明，弄确实；确信at a disadvantage 处于不利地位turn down 拒绝；调小或调低；翻下astronomer n.天文学家escape vi./vt.逃跑；避免n.逃跑；逃路，出口exert vt.尽(力)；施加(压力等)；行使(职权等)explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸；突发density n.密集度，稠密度；［物][化］密度collapse vt./vi./n.(使)倒塌，(使)崩溃；瓦解supernova n.［天］超新星daytime n.白天，日间dwarf n.矮子；［天］矮星neutron n.［物］中子shrink vt./vi./n.收缩；缩小；退缩，畏缩gravity n.严肃，认真；重要性；［物］重力marble n.弹子；大理石a.大理石的，大理石般的boundary n.分界线，边界observer n.遵守者，奉行者；观察者，监视者interchangeable a.可交换的；可互换的constant a.永恒的，经久不变的；经常的n.常数measurement n.衡量，测量implication n.含意，暗示；牵连，涉及，卷入basis n.基础，根据；主要成份；军事基地launch vt.发射；使(船)下水n.发射，(船)下水galaxy n.［天］星系，［G-］银河系observatory n.天文台；了望台convincing a.有说服力的，使人信服的binary a.二，双；二进制的n.双(体)；联星twin a./n.双胞胎(的)［Twins］［天］双子座companion n.同伴，同事；［天］伴星(=～star) speculation n.推测，猜测；投机swallow vt.吞咽n.燕子mankind n.［用作单或复］人类operate v.运转，起作用；动手术；操作；经营research into 研究speculation about 关于…猜测swallow up 吞没，耗尽make use of 利用Star of Bethlehem 圣诞星White Dwarf ［天］白矮星Albert Einstein 爱因斯坦(美籍德国理论物理学家) Milky Way 银河；银河系(=Milky Way galaxy) planet n.行星revolve vi.旋转；绕转solar a.太阳的，日光的；利用太阳光的largely ad.大量地；主要地glitter vi.闪闪发光，闪烁n.闪光cloudless a.无云的，晴朗的unlikely a.未必可能的；靠不住的astronaut n.宇航员thrilling a.令人激动的；颤动的，震颤的outer a.外部的whereas conj.而，却；反之lesser a.较小的；更少的；次要的concerned a.有关的；关切的，担心的microscopic a.显微镜的；微观的；微小的，细微的whilst conj.(=while)当…时；然而；虽然，尽管plateau n.(［复］plateaus或plateaux)高原tropical a.热带的；炎热的coloured a.有色的religion n.宗教；宗教信仰circumstance n.［pl.］情况，环境；境遇a great many 很多above all 首先，首要as a rule 通常；一般说来euthanasia n.无痛楚的死亡；安乐死weaken vt.削弱，减弱vi.变弱Dutchman n.(［复］Dutchmen)荷兰人deteriorate vt./vi.(使)恶化lethal a.致死的injection n.注射；注射剂，针剂nationwide a.全国性的ad.在全国范围内debate vt./n.争论，辩论vi.对…进行争论，辩论legal a.法律上的；合法的Dutch a.荷兰人的；荷兰语的n.荷兰人；荷兰语parliament n.议会，国会；［P-］议会prosecute vt.对…起诉，告发request vt./n.请求，要求criterion n.辬准，准则crowd n.群，人群vi.聚集，群集ensure vt.保证，担保healthcare n.保健oppose vt.反对，反抗；使相对，使对抗(to) tradition n.传统；惯例hospice n.(晚期病人)收容所council n.理事会；委员会founder n.创始者；缔造者consideration n.考虑；体谅，照顾elderly a.较老的，人过中年的n.近老年人disabled a.伤残的；使失去战斗力的burden n.负担；责任，义务vt.使负重担；麻烦opt vi.抉择，选择(for)，在…之间选择shorten vt./vi.缩短，缩小；减少vulnerable a.易受伤的，弱小的；易受…攻击的prohibition n.禁止；禁令individual n.个人，个体，独立单位a.个人的；个别的paternalistic a.家长式统治的；家长作风的moving a.活动的，移动的；动人的，令人感动的sensitive a.敏感的；灵敏的，感光的be affected with 患有…疾病debate on 关于…进行辩论make request for 要求…be opposed to 反对open up 打开；开办，开辟，开发；坦诚地谈话take...into account 考虑到need for 对…的需要opt out of 决定不参加…，决定(从…)退出have...at heart 对某事十分关心the Netherlands 荷兰(=Holland)conspiracy n.阴谋，密谋；阴谋集团，阴谋帮派old boy n.老同学；(招呼用)老朋友，老弟，老兄network n.［纺］网眼织物；网状物，网络escalator n.自动扶梯privilege n.特权vt.给予…特权profession n.职业(尤指脑力劳动或受过专业训练的) graduate v.(使)(大学)毕业n.大学毕业生，研究生unfair a.不公平的，不公正的employment n.使用；雇佣；职业，工作publish vt.出版，刊印；公布，发表senior a.年长的；大学四年级的n.年长者appoint vt.任命，委任(as)；约定，指定private a.私人的；私营的；秘密的，私下的headmaster n.(中学或小学的)校长leading a.领导的，指引的；最重要的，主要的bias n.偏见v.［常用被动语态］有偏见entry n.进入；入口；登记，条目，账目merit n.优点，长处；功绩，功劳fiercely ad.凶猛地，凶残地；猛烈地competitive a.竞争的，比赛的entrance n.进入；入口，门口；入场，入会，入学additional a.附加的，追加的；另外的abolish vt.废除(法律，习惯等)；取消applicant n.申请人，请求者performance n.执行；表现，工作性能；演出，演奏accessible a.易接近的；易受影响的(to)；可理解的elite n.精英，杰出人物a.杰出的，精英的academic a.学院的，学会的；学术的excellence n.优秀，杰出recruit vt./vi.征募(新兵)，吸收；补充n.新成员equivalent a.相等的；等价的n.等价(物)；对应词ivy n.常青藤replicate vt.重复；复制elitist n.杰出人物a.杰出人物(统治论)的remedial a.治疗的，治疗上用的；补救的prime a.最初的，基本的；主要的；最好的vision n.想像力，幻觉；视力，视觉；眼光classless a.无阶级的；不属于任何阶级的amount to 达到，总计；相当于，等于on average 平均blame…for为…责备某人by nature 生来，天生，就其本性而言be worth doing 值得做Oxbridge 牛津大学和剑桥大学；该校之学生Oxford 牛津；牛津大学Cambridge 剑桥；剑桥大学Westminster 威斯敏斯特France 法兰西，法国Ivy League 常春藤联合会；名牌大学的Harvard (美国)哈佛大学Yale (美国)耶鲁大学Princeton (美国)普林斯顿大学Stanford (美国)斯坦福大学Berkeley 伯克利；加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校John Major 约翰·梅杰(前英国首相)slavery n.奴隶制度，奴役；奴隶身份domestic adj.家庭的，家务的；国内的n.家仆，佣人Briton n.大不列颠人；英国人statistics n.统计数字，统计资料；［用作单］统计学diplomat a.外交家；外交官abroad ad.到国外；在国外exploit vt.开发，开采；利用；剥削abuse vt./n.滥用，妄用；虐待，凌辱campaign n.战役；运动v.参加运动，参加竞选活动sexually ad.在性方面passport n.护照Filipino n.菲律宾人(语) a.菲律宾人的；菲律宾的maid n.少女；侍女，女仆execute vt.实行，执行，完成，贯彻；将…处死convict vt.证明…有罪(of)；宣判n.罪犯despite prep.尽管，任凭guilt n.有罪；内疚deserving a.应得的，值得的(of)Saudi n.沙特阿拉伯人a.沙特阿拉伯(人或语)的breadwinner n.养家糊口的人shelf n.(壁橱，书橱内)搁板；架子minimum n.最小量；最低限度a.最小的；最低的employee n.雇员，雇工leaflet n.小叶，嫩叶；传单，活页incidence n.影响程度，影响范围；发生率immigrant a.移民的，侨民的n.移民，侨民status n.情形，状况；地位，身份kingdom n.王国；领域concession n.让步；特许权；租界，租界地immigration n.移居；外来的移民foreigner n.外国人deport vt.驱逐出境bring over 把…带来；使转变convict...of 证明…有罪，宣判…有罪be deserving of 值得；应得be supposed to 应该Singapore 新加坡岛；新加坡；新加坡市the Philippines 菲律宾(国)；菲律宾群岛Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡United Kingdom 联合王国gang n.一队，一族；一群，一帮eyewitness n.目击者；见证人unison n.一致；协调interstate a.［主美］州际的BBC 英国广播公司correspondent n.对应物；新闻通讯员，记者，通信者shackle n.［常pl.］镣铐；［pl.］束缚，枷锁ditch n.沟，沟渠vt./vi.开渠；筑渠weed n.杂草，野草vt.除草，拔草deny vt.否定，否认；拒绝接受，拒绝给予reintroduction n.重新采用，重新引入gap n.裂口，裂缝toilet n.盥洗室；厕所circus n.马戏团，杂技团；马戏场，杂技场degrade vt.降级，贬低；堕落；退化plantation n.种植园，大农场；植树造林spokesman n.发言人；代言人racist n.种族主义者a.种族主义的；种族歧视的racial a.种族的inhumane a.不人道的，残忍的civil a.国民的，民用的；国内的，民间的union n.工会，协会；结合，联合liberty n.自由，自由权；冒昧，失礼；特许权，特权punishment n.处罚，罚，刑罚；折磨，损害disaffection n.不满argument n.争论，辩论；论据，理由watch over 看守，照管，监视in unison 完全一致地call up 打电话；使想起，使忆起Alabama 阿拉巴马(美国州名)Georgia 佐治亚(美国州名)Arkansas 阿肯色(美国州名)blues n.布鲁斯；慢四步舞rock'n'roll n.摇滚乐，摇滚舞folk n.人们；［口］家属，亲属a.民间的musician n.音乐家；作曲家transformation n.变化，转化；改造，改革rhythmic a.有韵律的；有节奏的musically ad.在音乐方面；好听地；悦耳地distinct a.与其他不同的，独特的；明显的consciousness n.意识，知觉；觉悟anti-war a.反战的sentiment n.感情，情绪；感伤spontaneous a.自发的，本能的，自动的；出自自然的originate vi./vt.发源；发生，发起imitator n.模仿者Negro n.黑人a.黑人的eclecticism n.折衷主义synthesis n.结合，合成jazz n.爵士乐readily ad.乐意地；很快地，容易地limitless a.无限制的，无限的instrument n.仪器；乐器electronic a.电子的amplifier n.放大器guitar n.六弦琴，吉他electronics n.［复］［用作单］电子学studio n.工作室；播音室，演播室；电影制片厂penetrating a.穿透的，贯穿的；深刻的，透彻的thereby ad.由此，从而passive a.被动的；消极的participant n.参加者a.参与的multimedia a.多种手段的；多媒体的n.多媒体ballroom n.舞厅lighting n.照明，照明设备take place 发生take over 接管，接任；把…从一处运到另一处take on 具有；担任(工作等)；雇佣Beatles ［the Beatles］披头士摇滚乐队San Francisco 旧金山(或称三藩市)Jefferson Airplane 杰弗逊飞机(美国摇滚乐队名) composer n.作曲家inspire vt.鼓舞；使产生灵感fruitful a.有成果的，有收获的output n.产量；输出theme n.题目，主题；主旋律invariably ad.不变地improvise vt.即兴创作；临时准备，临时凑成symphony n.交响曲，交响乐；交响乐队，交响音乐会handle n.柄，把手vt.运用，操纵；经营，管理constructive a.建设的，建设性的creative a.创造性的notebook n.笔记本preliminary a.预备的；初步的n.初试；预赛painstaking a.苦干的；费力的traditionalist n.传统主义者；因循守旧者thematic a.题目的，主题的；主旋律的conception n.概念，观念well-established a.固定下来的；得到确认的temper vt.［治］使回火，锻炼；调合well-tempered 脾气好的；(键盘乐器)调到平均律的clavichord n.(音)击弦古钢琴mold n.(=mould)模子；模型vt.用模子做，浇铸sake n.缘故completeness n.完整，圆满；完成，结束summarize vt./vi.概述，总结diversified a.多样化的conventional a.惯例的，常规的；(艺术等)因袭的experimental a.实验的；经验的harmony n.协调，和谐；融洽，一致sonority n.响亮，洪亮evident a.明显的，明白的in other words 换句话说in a sense 在某种意义上at a stretch 连续不断地serve as 适合belong in 应归入(类别、范畴等)in advance 在前面；预先It goes without saying that 不言而喻，理所当然for the sake of 为了…之好处；为了…的目的Franz Schubert 舒伯特(奥地利作曲家)Hugo Wolf 沃尔夫(奥地利作曲家)Beethoven 贝多芬(德国作曲家)Palestrina 帕莱斯特里纳(意大利作曲家)Bach 巴赫(德国作曲家)Well Tempered Clavichord (巴赫)《平均律钢琴曲集》Gesualdo 杰苏阿尔多(意大利作曲家) Moussorgsky 穆索尔斯基(俄国作曲家)Berlioz 柏辽兹(法国作曲家，指挥家及音乐评论家) Debussy 德辭西(法国作曲家)Edgar Varese 瓦雷兹(法裔美国作曲家)efficiency n.效率；功效，效能，实力robotics n.机器人学，机器人技术robot n.机器人；自动控制装臵increasingly ad.不断增加地prevalent a.流行的，普通的automotive a.自动的，机动的；汽车的weld vt./n.焊接spray n.水花；喷雾vt.喷；喷涂vi.喷；溅散cast vt.投，扔；投射；铸造n.投，掷；模具frame n.构架，框架install vt.安装appliance n.应用，适用；用具，器械calculator n.计算者；计算器radioactive a.［原］放射性的；放射引起的personnel n.全体人员，全体职员；人事(部门) expose vt.使暴露，使面临；揭露，揭发radiation n.放射，发光；放射物，辐射线，辐射能reduction n.减少，减小；降级，降职；归纳，归并automatic a.自动的；无意识的，机械的reprogramme v.再次(重新)设定程序completion n.完成，结束；完满specific a.特有的，特定的；具体的，明确的switch n.开关，转换器v.转换；接通或切断…电流critical a.批评(性)的；紧要的，关键性的，危急的digital a.手指的，指状的；数字的，计数的camera n.照相机，摄影机light-sensitive a.光敏的intensity n.强烈，剧烈grayscale 灰度brightness n.明亮，晴朗；聪敏，机灵scale n.刻度，表度；规模；比例(尺)；天平shade n.荫，阴影vt.遮蔽，遮光calculation n.计算，计算结果；仔细考虑defective a.有缺点的；有缺陷的assemble vt.集合；装配vi.集合attendant n.侍者，服务员；出席者fireman n.消防队员housekeeper n.管理家务的主妇；女管家expose to 暴露；面临；曝露in that 在于，原因是in between 在中间；每间隔；在…期间in question 正被谈论的plenty of 大量的；丰富的earthquake n.地震earning n.警告；警报a.警告的forecast vt.预测，预报；预示giant n.巨人；巨物，巨大的动物a.巨大的shift vt./vi.替换；转移n.转换，转移；轮班fault n.缺点，毛病；错误，过失；［地］断层seismic a.地震precede vt.先于…，比…优先vi.在前面，领先radon n.氡decay vi./vt.(使)腐朽，腐烂；衰变n.腐烂；衰败radium n.镭underground a.地下的；秘密的ad.在地下；隐蔽地speculate vi.思索；推测vt.投机；思索，推测subside vi.沉淀；沉降；平静下来，平息，减退datum n.(［复］data)资料，材料；数据reliability n.可靠性partial a.偏袒的，偏心的，对…偏袒；部分的up-to-date a.最新的，现代化的；直至目前的analyze vt.分析eastern a.东方的，东部的；向东方的，来自东方的work on 从事…；对…有影响set up 设立，建立；建立，提出on the alert 警戒，处于戒备状态Guatemala 危地马拉Chile 智利Charles Richter 查尔斯·里克特San Andreas fault (美)圣安德烈亚斯断层California 加利福尼亚(美国州名)leadership n.领导；［总称］领导人员research n.研究，调查vi.调查，研究attach vt.固定住，系；附加，隶属；使喜爱possession n.有，拥有；［常pl.］占有物；财产satisfaction n.满意，满足relaxation n.松弛，放松；缓和，减轻；休养desirable a.称心的，合意的，理想的occupation n.占领；占有；职业portray vt.描绘；描写；描述urban a.城市的，都市的stressful a.紧张的，压力重的loom vi.隐隐呈现；逼近renewal n.更新；重新开始underlie vt.支撑；构成(理论，政策，行为等)的基础acquire vt.获得，得到recognition n.认出；承认，公认impart vt.把…分给；给予(to)positive a.确实的；积极的，肯定的；正的，阳性的motivate vt.作为…的动机，激发relevant a.贴切的，中肯的；与…有关的(to) communicator n.传播者，传播工作者participation n.参加，参与attainment n.达到，到达；［常pl.］成就，造诣be concerned with 关于，涉及；忙于…；关心，关切attach importance to 认为…很重要take to 开始从事；养成…的习惯；培养对…的爱好put...to use 使用；利用be relevant to 与…有关on the part of 就…而言set...as objective 把…作为目辬elusive a.躲避的；难以捉摸的，难以理解的tricky a.狡猾的，耍花招的；难以处理的slip vi.滑动，滑过；溜，溜走vt.使滑动quicksand n.流沙oversupply vt./n.过多供应wayside n.路边a.路边的flexible a.柔韧的，柔顺的；可变通的，灵活的readjustment n.再整理，再调整project n.设计，规划；项目vt.方案，计划；投射appointment n.任命；约会weekly a.每周的ad.每周(一次) n.周刊，周报adjustment n.调整realistic a.现实的，实际的；现实主义的underestimate vt.低估；看轻overestimate vt.过高估计；过高评价emergency n.紧急情况；突发事件routine n.日常工作a.日常的；例行的；常规的crash a.紧急的，速成的inflexible a.不可弯曲的；不可改变的，固执的adjust vt.调整，调节；校准deem vt.认为，相信assignment n.分配，委派；任务，(课外)作业freshman n.新手，生手；大学一年级学生kid vt./vi./n.戏弄，开玩笑；欺骗，哄骗faithfully ad.忠诚地；如实地temptation n.引诱，诱惑look ahead to 向前看；展望未来allocate...for 分配给…；配给fall by the wayside 半途而废，中途退出hang up 把…挂起来；挂断(电话)；延迟，拖延throw off 扔掉；摆脱work out 作出；制定出up to date 最新的，新式的；切合目前情况的kid...into doing 欺骗…去做…stick with 坚持；继续jet n.喷射；喷嘴；喷气式飞机，喷气发动机lag vi.走得慢，落后n.落后，滞后flight n.飞行，飞翔；航班，班机；逃跑，溃退physiological a.生理的，生理学的regulatory a.规章的；调节的mechanism n.［机］机构，机制；作用过程hormonal a.荷尔蒙的，激素的secretary n.秘书；书记；部长，大臣negotiation n.谈判，协商proceeding n.程序，进程；项目，活动，会议文集instantaneously ad.瞬间地；即刻地transport vt.运输n.运输overcome vt.战胜；克服regulate vt./n.管理；调节timing n.时间的选择；计时，定时periodicity n.周期性，间发性internal a.内部的，内在的；国内的superachiasmatic a.超(染色体)交叉的rhythm n.韵律，格律；节奏timer n.计时员，定时器external a.外在的，在外的alarm n.警报；惊恐vt.向…报警；打扰reset vt./n.重新安排，重调palm n.手掌sweat n.汗vi.出汗vt.使出汗discrepancy n.差异；不一致bodily a.身体的，肉体的cortisol n.［生］皮质(甾)醇excretion n.排泄；分泌destination n.目的地，终点feasible a.可行的，可能的pharmacological a.药物学的，药理学的assumption n.假定，设想；承担，采取mid-afternoon a.下午三点左右的neutral a.中立的；中性的wakefulness n.觉醒，不眠promote vt.促进，发扬；提升，升级；发起，创办synchronize vi.同时发生，同步vt.使同步effect on 对…的作用blame...on 把…归咎于to advantage 有利地，有效地as fresh as paint 精神饱满now that (连词)既然，由于leave...alone 不管，不理；听其自然out of step 步伐不一致；不协调in time 及时；终于John Foster Dulles 杜勒斯(美国国务卿)Aswan Dam 阿斯旺水坝Johnson 约翰逊(美国第36任总统)Guam 关岛(美国在西太平洋的重要海、空军基地) Washington D.C. 华盛顿(市)［美国首都］White House 白宫(美国总统官邸)，美国政府span n.指距，跨距；一段时间fluctuate vi.波动，起伏；动摇vt.使波动，使起伏fluctuation n.波动，起伏trick n.诡计；恶作剧fade vi.凋谢，枯萎；(颜色)褪去vt.使褪色illusion n.错觉；幻觉duration n.持续；持续时间infrequent a.很少发生的illustration n.说明；例证，插图moderate a.中等的，适度的；温和的，有节制的distraction n.精神涣散，精神不集中；消遣，娱乐distractor n.分散注意力的东西focal n.焦点的remedy n.治疗；补救(法) vt.治疗，补救fearful a.可怕的，吓人的；害怕的，胆怯的productivity n.生产率；丰饶，多产finance n.财政，金融；经费，资金retention n.保持；保留distract vt.分散(注意，心思等)；使人分心adversely ad.相反地；不利地，有害地appreciate vt.欣赏，鉴赏；正确评价，鉴别；感激contrary a.相反的，相对的，与…相反(to) mislead vt.把…带错路，使…错或做错motivation n.动机；动力inefficient a.无效的；效率低的exceptional a.例外的；异常的，特殊的hinder vt.阻止；妨碍(from)typical a.典型的，代表性的to date 到目前为止attend to 专心；注意；照顾fall apart 四分五裂；崩溃be true of 符合于…，对…适用classify vt.把…分类，把…分等级；把…列为aged a.年老的，老的northwestern a.在西北的，向西北的；来自西北的approximate a.近似的，大约的v.近似，接近；使接近paradox n.似非而可能是的论点；自相矛盾的话proportion n.比率，比例vt.使成比例，使相称dependency n.从属；依赖(on)advantageous a.有利的，有助的liability n.责任，义务；债务，负债；不利条件inactive a.不活动的；不活跃的appreciation n.欣赏，鉴赏；正确评价；感激，感谢salient a.突出的，凸起的；显著的resettlement n.重新定居，重新安臵acknowledge vt.承认；表示感谢fore ad.在前面a.先前的；在前部的n.前部gathering n.聚集；集会birthrate n.出生率elsewhere ad.在别处；向别处demography n.人口统计学alter vt./vi.改变，改动experiential a.经验的；凭经验的continued a.继续的，连续的lengthen vt.使延长vi.变长，延伸wealthy a.富裕的；丰富的neglect vt.忽视，忽略；疏忽n.忽略；疏忽expectation n.期待；估计寿命slippery a.滑的；圆滑的demographer n.人口学家revision n.修订，修改upwards ad.向上；趋向上升approximate to 与…接近to the fore 在前面，到前面；在显著地位resistance to 对…的阻力Austria 奥地利Sweden 瑞典Northern 北爱尔兰Vichy 维希(法国中部城市)Wales 威尔士esteem vt./n.尊敬，尊重cope vi.对付，妥善处理(with)parenting n.父母对孩子的养育tone n.音调，音色；腔调，语气；声调，语调infant n.婴儿，幼儿a.婴儿的，幼儿的lovable a.可爱的，讨人喜欢的manageable a.易管理的unlovable a.不可爱的；不讨人喜爱的worthless a.无价值的，无用的；不足道的，不可取的ultimately ad.最后，最终地crisis n.危机；决定性时刻withdraw vt.收回，提取；撤退vi.撤退；退缩inconsiderate a.不替别人考虑的；不体谅人的outcome n.结果，结局；出路，出口reinforcement n.增强，加固；强化tangible a.可触摸的，可感知的；确实的，真实的attribute n.属性，特征；vt.把…归因与(to)fold vt./vi.折叠；对折n.褶(痕)appropriate a.适合的，恰当的，相宜的cope with 对付；处理no other...than 除…外没有，只有；正是，就是take advantage of 利用；占…便宜act out 将…表演出来；(用行动)表示出来election n.选举；选举权presidential a.总统(校长)的；总统(校长)职务的winner n.获胜者，优胜者；成功者republican a.共和国的；共和党的n.共和党党员democratic a.民主的，民主主义的nominee n.被提名者；被任命者vote n.选举，投票；票，选票vi.投票，选举certainty n.一定；必定nomination n.提名；任命loyalty n.忠诚；忠心decline vi.下降；衰退vt.拒绝n.下降；衰落democrat n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员voter n.选举人，投票人strategically ad.战略上地，颇具策略地pursue vt.追赶；追求，寻求；进行，从事impact n.冲击，碰撞；影响vt.装紧，压紧headquarters n.司令部，指挥部；总部，总店economy n.经济；节约strategist n.战略家rating n.等级，规格；(电视)收视率poll n.选举；民意测验vt.得到选票vi.投票stir vt.搅拌；激起vi.走动；活动n.惊动strategy n.战略；策略constitutional a.宪法上规定的；组成的，构成的provision n.供应，供应品；条款，规定；给养electoral a.选举的representation n.描写，表现；代表，代理congress n.国会，议会；参议院，上院House n.［英］议院district n.区，行政区；地区，区域representative n.代表，代表人a.典型的，有代表性的presidency n.总统(或校长)职务(职权，任期)；管辖overwhelming a.压倒之势的stand no chance 没有可能；没有希望identify...as 把…看成impact on 对…之影响Ohio 俄亥俄州(美国州名)George McGovern 乔治·麦戈文Clinton 比尔·克林顿(Bill Clinton)Little Rock 小石城(美国阿肯色州首府)District of Columbia (美) (D.C.)哥伦比亚特区George Bush 乔治·布什Jimmy Carter 吉米·卡特Ronald Reagan 罗纳德·里根contest n.竞争，比赛；争夺，竞争；争论，争辩rivalry n.竞争；对抗dozen n.一打，十二个；十来个，十几个nominate vt.提名；任命；命名collectively ad.总体地；集体地electorate n.全体选民；选区inevitably ad.不可避免地，必然地dominance n.优势，控制，统治assault n.攻击，袭击；(军)冲击，突击，强击parliamentary a.议会的，国会的congressman n.(［复］congressmen) (美)国会议员statistically ad.在统计方面dominant a.占优势的；支配的majority n.多数，大半；多数党，多数派automatically ad.自动地；习惯性地competitor n.竞争者；对手running n.跑，赛跑；竞选inevitable a.不可避免的，必然(发生)的peaceful a.平静的，安宁的；和平的，和平方式的transfer vt./vi.转移；改变n.转移，传输，变换overturn vt./n.打翻；推翻，颠覆，毁灭vi.翻身foolproof a.连傻子都懂的；不会出毛病的monopoly n.垄断；专卖opposition n.反对，反抗；对立，意见相反monopolize v.垄断；专卖moderation n.温和，适度；缓和，减轻legislation n.立法；法律，法规temporarily ad.暂时地，临时地break up 打碎；结束；驱散；散开；分解in the running 参赛，参加竞选in power 掌权的，执政的out of power 丧失权力in favour of 赞成，支持；为…的利益，有利于come into power 上台；开始掌权carry on 经营，进行；继续anaesthetics n.麻醉学vaccine n.牛痘苗；疫苗a.牛痘的；疫苗的diabetes n.糖尿病developmental a.发展的，开发的；促使成长的disorder n.混乱；失调，紊乱vt.使混乱；使失调irrelevant a.不相干的，离题的，与…不相干misleading a.引入歧途的；使人误解的irresponsible a.无责任感的，不负责任的unethical a.不合伦理的；不合道德的thalidomide n.［药］萨立多胺replacement n.复位，复职；替换，代替refinement n.精炼，精制simulate vt.假装，冒充；模仿，模拟cell n.细胞；小房间，单人牢房toxicity n.毒性eventual a.最后的，结局的dose n.(一次)剂量replace vt.把…放回(原处)；更换，以…替代tube n.管；电子管，真空管；［英］地铁partly ad.部分地；在一定程度上biomedical a.生物医学的ethics n.伦理学；伦理观，道德辬准undergo vt.经历，经受；忍受suitable a.合适的；适当的rabbit n.兔litter n.干草；杂乱无章；一窝(仔畜) vt.铺草refine vt./vi.提纯，精制；使改进，变优雅regeneration n.新生，再生，复兴paralyse vt.使麻痹，使瘫痪；使无力，使气馁regrow vt.再生长，重新生长reproduce vt.繁殖；再生产；复制；再现，重现sacrifice to 向…献祭；为…而牺牲；为…而失去do research into 进行…的研究be central to 对…极为重要的do experiment on 用…做实验be irrelevant to 与…不相干；不切题test on 对…进行试验aim for 瞄准；以…为目辬Birmingham 伯明翰(英格兰中部城市)pet n.宠物，爱畜a.宠爱的，表示亲昵的delightful a.令人高兴的；讨人喜欢的humanity n.个性，博爱，仁慈；人类negative a.否定的；负的，阴性的n.底片；负数remark vt./vi.说，评论，议论n.评论，看法going n.进行状况a.进行中的；现行的coming a.正在到来的，即将来到的n.来到，到达literal a.精确的，如实的；逐字的，字面的grant vt.同意；准予n.同意，授予；拨款contented a.满足的，满意的serene a.安详的；宁静的contemplate vt.注视，凝视；沉思plea n.请求，恳求；托词devotion n.献身，忠诚ownership n.拥有；所有权，所有制imperative a.绝对必要的；命令的，强制的；祈使的stricken a.被打中的，被击伤的；受灾的，受侵袭的relief n.(痛苦，压迫等)减轻，宽慰；救济donation n.捐献；赠送afflict vt.使苦恼，折磨deprive vt.夺去，剥夺；使失去(of) individualistic a.个人主义(者)的prevail vi.胜过；流行，盛行starvation n.饥饿；饿死kwashiorkor n.［医］恶性营养不良症deficiency n.缺乏，不足starve vi.饿死；挨饿；极需，渴望vt.使挨饿sustain vt.支撑，承受住；供养，维持unreasonable a.不讲道理的；不合情理的，过度的attach...to 使…与…相关，把…附加到goings and comings 来往；活动，发生的事take...for granted 认为真实；视为当然at ease 自在的，舒适的plea for 恳求；请求not that... 并不是说never for a moment 通常；多半to break in on 打扰；打断，闯进feel bitter at 对…怀恨seize hold of 抓住；占有daydream vi./n.白日做梦symptom n.症状，征兆habitual a.习惯性的，习以为常的；惯常的maladjustment n.失调；不适应环境compensatory a.赔偿的，补偿的equilibrium n.平衡，均衡，相称；均势；平静intellectual n.知识分子a.智力的，理智的detail n.细节，详情vt.详述，详细说明enhance vt.提高；增强spur vt.激励，鞭策n.踢马刺；刺激，激励，鼓舞initial a.最初的，开始的；词首的n.首字母inventor n.发明者，创造者waylay vt.伏击；拦住…问讯muse vt./vi./n.沉思，冥想painter n.漆工；画家sensitivity n.敏感性；灵敏度inner a.内部的，里面的；思想的n.内部；里面reflection n.反射，反映，映像；深思，考虑creativity n.创造性effortless a.不作努力的；不费力的，容易的dreamlike a.梦一般的，梦幻的surrounding n.周围的事物；环境a.周围的character n.性格，品质；特性；人物；符号，(汉)字thinker n.思想家；思考者steadily ad.稳固地；稳定地vividly ad.鲜明地；生动地drift n.漂流；趋势，倾向vi./vt.(使)漂流；漂泊trace n.痕迹，踪迹；微量，少许vt.跟踪，查找undisturbed a.不受干扰的；宁静的tune n.曲调；和谐，协调vt.调音；使合谐，调节midst n.中间，当中prep.(=amidst)在…当中impoverished a.贫困的，赤贫的well-being n.健康；福利，幸福modest a.谦虚的，谦恭的；适中的，不过分的investment n.投资；(时间，精力的)投入excitement n.刺激；兴奋to excess 过分，过度，过量substitute...for 用…代替…。
2005年真题词汇
2005 Text 1vanish v.消失,消散colleague n.同事,同僚reputation n.名声,声望slack a.懈怠的,懒散的outrage n.愤怒vt.引起...义愤behavior n.行为,举止underlying a.潜在的,根本的assumption n.假定,设想capable a.有能力的,可以…的finely ad. 细微地, 美好地grievance n.委屈, 冤情, 不平brown n./a.褐色,棕色cute a.可爱的,伶俐的cooperative a.合作的,协作的creature n.人,动物,生物counterpart n.对应的人（或物）characteristic a.特有的n.特征,特性candidate n.候选人,候补者exchange v./n.交换,兑换,交易token n.表示,象征,信物piece n.（一）件,（一）片rock n.岩石v.摇,摇动slice n.薄片,切片cucumber n.黄瓜adjoin v.毗连,靠近chamber n.房间,室markedly ad.显著地, 明显地grape n.葡萄luxury n.奢侈,奢侈品preferable a.更可取的,更好的reluctant a.不愿的,勉强的toss v.向上扔,辗转反侧presence n.出席,存在induce v.引诱,引起,导致resentment n.怨恨, 愤恨emotion n.情绪,情感wild a.野生的,狂热的species n.物种,种类stable a.稳定的,安定的cheat v.欺骗,作弊righteous a.正直的, 正当的indignation n.愤怒,愤慨preserve v.保护,保存,保藏lesser a.较小的,次要的abundant a.丰富的,充裕的stem from 来源于ancestor n.祖宗,祖先contrast v.使与…对比n.对比comparison n.比较,对比jealous a.妒忌的,猜疑的incline v.倾斜,倾向于attentive a.注意的, 专心的instruction n.教授,指导,说明temperament n.气质, 性情（A）generous a.宽宏大量的,慷慨的companion n.同伴,共事者uncertain a.不定的,不确知的2005 Text 2doubter n.怀疑者inconclusive a.非决定的antismoking n.&a.反对吸烟(的)lobby n.门廊v.游说nonsense n.胡说,废话grave n.坟墓a.严重的upsetting a.令人心烦的,苦恼的parallel a.平行的n.类似awaken v.唤醒, 醒来, 唤起panel n.仪表盘,专门小组academy n学院,科学院enlist v.征募,征召,参军atmosphere n.大气,气氛,环境definitely ad.明确地, 干脆地preface n.序言,引言,前言critical a.批评的,紧要的judgment n.审判,判断concerning prep.关于quarter n.四分之一,地区incomplete a.不完全的pour v.灌,倒,注,倾泻fume n.烟, 气体,prudent a.谨慎的insurance policy 保险单fortunately ad.幸运地press v.压,按n.报刊,媒体classic n.杰作a.经典的paralysis n. 瘫痪, 麻痹steward n.乘务员,看护人oceanic a.海洋的inadequate a.不充足的,不适当的administration n.管理,行政机关legislative a.立法的initiative a.创始的n.创始,提案congress n. [C-]国会,议会conservation n.保存,保护,保守senator n.参议员incentive n.动机,刺激a.激励的promising a.有希望的,有前途的power plant 发电厂, 发电站sound n.声音a.稳妥的correlation n.相互关系,相关(性)insignificant a.无关紧要的endless a.无止境的, 无穷的investigation n.调查, 研究hinder v.阻止,妨碍extensive a.广大的,广阔的aid v.援助,帮助n.援助awareness n. 知道, 晓得associate v.使联系,交往,结合negligence n. 疏忽latter a.后面的pron.后者former a.以前的pron.前者applicable a.能应用的,适用的outcome n.结果,成果aggravate v.恶化,加重,加剧2005 Text 3component n.组成部分,成分logic n.逻辑,逻辑学suspend v.悬挂,暂停,中止formulate v.构想,系统地阐述revolutionary a.革命的n.革命者disguise n./v.假装,伪装shadow n.阴影,暗处,阴暗unconscious a.不省人事,无意识的neurologist n.神经学者neural a.神经系统的mental a.精神的,智力的random a.随机的n.随机,随意byproduct n. 副产品suspect v.疑心,怀疑n.嫌疑犯thermostat n.温度调节装置regulate v.管制,调节,调整mood n.心情,情绪,语气authority n.权力,威言,权威intense a.强烈的,热烈的harness v.治理,利用psychology n.心理学,心理vivid a.生动的,栩栩如生的equally ad.相等地, 平等地,limbic a. 边的, 缘的intellect n. 智力relatively ad.相关地,相对的depress v.压抑,使沮丧,低下link v.连接n.环节,链环clinic n.诊所generate v.产生,发生occupy v.占用,占据,使忙碌significance n.意义, 重要性recur vi.复发, 重现, 再来visualize vt.形象化, 想象literally ad.逐字地,确实panic n.恐慌,惊慌terrorism n.恐怖主义,恐怖统治uncertainty n.易变,不确定的事物insecurity n.不安全, 不安全感persistent a. 持久稳固的persist v.坚持,持续nightmare n. 梦魇, 恶梦therapist n.临床医学家,治疗师modify v.更改,修改,修饰susceptible a.易受影响的innermost a.最里面的, 内心的mechanism n.机械装置,机制aggravate v.恶化,加重,加剧rid v.使摆脱,使去掉progression n. 行进,发展（D）belong to v. 属于2005 Text4figure n.数字,图形,人物command n.命令,掌握gift n.礼品,天赋,才能aspire vi. 热望, 立志degradation n.降级, 降格, 退化linguist n.语言学家controversialist n.争论者controversy n. 论争,辩论,论战mixed a.混合的liberal a.慷慨的,自由的conservative a.保守n.保守主义者triumph n.胜利v.得胜,战胜counterculture n.反传统文化formal a.正式的,形式的informality n.非正式permissive a.许可的,泛滥的criticism n.批评,评论specialty/speciality n.专业,专长gradual a.逐渐的,逐步的disappearance n.不见, 消失regrettable a. 可叹的, 可惜的cult n.礼拜, 祭仪authentic a.真正的poetry n.诗歌,诗集modestly ad.谨慎地, 适当地elevate ` v.抬起,升高tone n.音调,语气capture v./n.捕获v.夺得,攻占performative a.(表)述行为的genre n. 类型, 流派liveliness n. 活泼oral a.口头的spontaneity n.自发性craft n.工艺,技巧entertaining a. 有趣的array n.一系列,排列document n.文件,文献unmistakable a.不会弄错的subtitle n. 副题variety n.种种,种类expressive a.表现的,有表现力的dialect n.方言convey v.运送,传达straight a.直的ad.直接,正直chunk n.大块,矮胖的人或物memorize v.记住, 记忆politician n.政治家,政客elaborate a.详尽的,精心的strictly ad.严格地, 确实地propose v.提议,提名,求婚grieve v.使悲伤,使伤心plate n.金属板,盘子,板appreciation n.感谢, 感激, 欣赏admiration n.钦佩, 赞美, 羡慕temporary a.暂时的,临时的permanent a.永久的,持久的artistic a.艺术的,美术的humble a.谦卑的,卑贱的。
2005考研英语真题词汇
2005：underrate /ˌʌndəˈreɪt/1.V-T If you underrate someone or something, you do not recognize how intelligent, important, or significant they are. 低估; 看轻例：We women have a lot of good business skills, although we tend to underrate ourselves.我们女性有许多好的商业技能，只是我们往往低估自己。
2.ADJ 被低估了的; 被看轻了的例：He is a very underrated poet.他是个严重被低估了的诗人。
perceive /pəˈsiːv/ |CET4 TEM41.V-T If you perceive something, you see, notice, or realize it, especially when it is not obvious. 感知到例：Students must perceive for themselves the relationship between success and effort.学生们必须自己去认识到成功与努力之间的关系。
2.V-T If you perceive someone or something as doing or being a particular thing, it is your opinion that they do this thing or that they are that thing. 认为例：Stress is widely perceived as contributing to coronary heart disease.压力普遍被认为能造成冠心病。
even if：1、即使，纵然，尽管，虽然，甚至if only：1.要是，只要2.要是…多好3.正是，就是，恰恰是（接虚拟语气）only if：只要……就；只是在……的时候；只有（强调条件唯一）as if：1.好像，似乎，仿佛be capable ofv. 能够dilute /daɪˈluːt/1.V-T/V-I If a liquid is diluted or dilutes, it is added to or mixes with water or another liquid, and becomes weaker. 稀释; 变淡例：The liquid is then diluted.然后液体就变稀了。
2005考研英语一真题2005历年考研英语一真题及答案详解考研英语一真题官方最全
2016 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker.A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child littleto say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and gro om’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circleof happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 . Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up: the divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry20 the woman must wait ten months.1. [A] by way of [B] on behalf of [C] as well as [D] with regard to2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C] compete with [D] decided on3. [A] close [B] renew [C] arrange [D] postpone4. [A] Above all [B] In theory [C] In time [D] For example5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through7. [A] since [B] but [C] or [D] so8. [A] copy [B] test [C] recite [D] create9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying10. [A] passing [B] lighting [C] hiding [D] serving11. [A] meeting [B] collection [C] association [D] union12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D] live13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] if [D] for14. [A] obtain [B] follow [C] challenge [D] avoid15. [A] isolated [B] persuaded [C] viewed [D] exposed16. [A] whatever [B] however [C] whenever [D] wherever17. [A] changed [B] brought [C]shaped [D] pushed18. [A] withdrawn [B] invested [C] donated [D] divided19. [A] breaks [B] warns [C] shows [D] clears20. [A] so that [B] while [C] once [D] in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)T ext 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that ―i nci t e excessive thinnes s‖ by promoting ext r em e dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ul t ra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep –and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and sixmonths in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.I n contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: ―We are aware of and take responsibility for the im pact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young peopl e.‖ The char t er’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen FashionW eek(CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be thebest step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] New runways would be constructed.[B] Physical beauty would be redefined.[C] W ebsites about dieting would thrive.[D] The fashion industry would decline.22. The phrase ―impinging on‖(Line 2, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to .[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A] New standards are being set in Denmark.[B] The French measures have already failed.[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse.24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for .[A] pursuing perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about model’s character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] setting a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A] A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[C] Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryT ext 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. W hile polls show B r i t ons rate ―t he countrysi de‖alongside the royal f a m ily, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political traction.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save ―t he beauty of natural places for everyone forever‖.I t was specifically to provide ci t y dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience ―a refreshing air‖.H ill’s pr essur e later led to the creat ion of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any m or e, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorising ―o f f-pl an‖building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Nigel Farage’s speech this year to the Campaign to Protec t Rural Engandstruck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that ―h ousing crisi s‖ equals ―c oncreted meadow s‖ is pure lobby talk. The issue i s not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. W e do not ruin urban conservation areas in this way. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, B r i t ai n is Europe’s m ost crowded country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative –the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this ratherthan promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside _.[A] didn’t start till the Shakespearean age[B] has brought much benefit to the NHS[C] is fully backed by the royal family [D]is not well reflected in politics27. According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now being .[A] gradually destroyed[B] effectively reinforced[C] largely overshadowed[D] properly protected28. which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development.[B] The Conservatives may abandon ―off-plan‖building.[C] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence. [D]Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.29. The author holds that George Osborne’sPreference .[A] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas[C] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis [D]reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of .[A] the size of population in Britain.[B] the political life in today’s Britain[C] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[D] the town-and-country planning in BritainT ext 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of busines s,‖ wrote Mi l t on Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist. ―That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profit s.‖ B ut even if you accept F r i edman's premise and regard corporate soc i al responsibility (CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders' money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies—at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate last year by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a ―s i gnal‖that a company's products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company's products as an indirect way to donate to the go od causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse ―ha lo ef f ect‖,whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent paper attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America's Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCP A). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company's products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms' political influence, rather than their CSR stance, that accounted for the leniency: companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the authors conclude that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do se em to be influenced by a company's record in C S R.―We estimate that ei t her eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign official s,‖ says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do -gooding policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with _.[A ] tolerance [B] skepticism [C] uncertainty [D] approval32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by_ .[A] winning trust from consumers[B] guarding it against malpractices[C] protecting it from being defamed[D] raising the quality of its products33. The expression ―more lenient‖(Line 2, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to .[A] more effective[B] less controversial[C] less severe[D] more lasting34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a compa n y’s CSR record .[A] has an impact on their decision[B] comes across as reliable evidence[C] increases the chance of being penalized[D] constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph?[A ] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.[B] The necessary amount of companies’spending on it is unknown.[C] Companies’financial capacity for it has been overestimated.[D] It has brought much benefit to the banking industry.T ext 4There will eventually come a day when The New Y ork Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. "Sometime in the future," the paper's publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there's plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper—printing presses, delivery trucks—isn't just expensive; it's excessive at a time when online-only competitors don't have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though printad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation may be lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. "Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them," he said, "but if you discontinue it, you're going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you."Sometimes that's worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming.* "It was seen as a blunder," he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at The New Y ork Times? "I wouldn’t pick a year to end print," he said. "I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product."The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they'd feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. "So if you're overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping," Peretti said. "Then increase it as a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue." In other words, if you're going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year—more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription."It's a really hard thing to do and it's a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn't have a legacy business," Peretti remarked. "But we're going to have questions like that where we have things we're doing that don't make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it's better to be more aggressive than less aggressive."36. The New Y ork Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to .[A] the high cost of operation[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the increasing online ad sales37. Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should _.[A] seek new sources of readership[B] end the print edition for good[C] aim for efficient management[D] make strategic adjustments38. It can be inferred from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that a ―l eg acy product‖.[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that, in a changing world _.[A] legacy businesses are becoming outdated[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected40.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once[B] Cherish the Newspaper Still in Y our Hand[C] Make Y our Print Newspaper a Luxury Good[D] Keep Y our Newspapers Forever in FashionPart BDirections：Read the following texts and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Have confidence in yourself[C] Decide if the time is right [D]Understand the context[E] W ork with professionals[F] Make it efficient[G] Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University, people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between t oda y’s workplace and the ―d ress for succes s‖ era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress t-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to inves t in an upgrade?And what’s the bes t way to pull off one that enhances our goals? Here are some tips:41.A s an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during t r ans i t i ons—when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’r e in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and pr of es sional s.Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and t hat’s OK.42.Get clear on what impact you’r e hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more―S o H o.‖(I t’s OK to use characterizations like t hat.)43.Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of yourenvironment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44.Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J·Crew·Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. I t’s not asexpensive as you might think.45.The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fuss ing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Y our translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Mental health is our birthright. (46) W e don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. I t is like the immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health a nd we don’t know how to gai n ac cess to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our ment al health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem—confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives—the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. I t’s a form of innate or un learned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and withunconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, inculture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49) Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice. W e think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words, providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.Y ou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e ―L i Mi ng‖ i nst ead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part A52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures. In your essay, you should1) describe the pictures briefly,2) interpret the meaning, and3) give your comments.Y ou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2016 年考研英语一真题参考答案Use of English1. [C] as well as2. [D] decided on3. [C] arrange4. [B] In theory5. [C] After6. [A] into7. [B] but8. [C] recite9. [D] tying10. [A] passing11. [D] union12. [D] live13. [B] until14. [A] obtain15. [C] viewed16. [A] whatever17. [B] brought18. [D] divided19. [C] shows20. [B] whileReading ComprehensionPart AT ext 121. [B] Physical beauty would be redefined.22. [D] doing harm to23. [A] New standards are being set in Denmark.24. [C] showing little concern for health factors25. [A] A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body IdealsT ext 226. [D] is not well reflected in politics27. [A] gradually destroyed28. [D] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.29. [D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. [D] the town-and-country planning in BritainT ext 331. [B] skepticism32. [A] winning trust from consumers33. [C] less severe34. [A] has an impact on their decision35. [B] The necessary amount of companies’spending on it is unknown.T ext 436. [A] the high cost of operation37. [D] make strategic adjustments38. [B] is meant for the most loyal customers39. [C] aggressiveness better meets challenges40. [C] Make Y our Print Newspaper a Luxury GoodPart B41. [C] Decide if the time is right42. [G] Know your goals43. [D] Understand the context44. [E] W ork with professionals45. [F] Make it efficientPart C46. 我们并不必学习如何保持心理健康；它与生俱来，正如我们的身体知道如何愈合伤口和修复骨折一样。
考研真题词汇2005
2005年1, revolve [ri'vɔlv, -'vɔ:lv]vi. 旋转；循环出现；反复考虑vt. 使…旋转；使…循环；反复考虑n. 旋转；循环；旋转舞台2, involve [in'vɔlv]vt. 包含；牵涉；使陷于；潜心于3, acquired [ə'kwaiəd]adj. 后天的；已获得的；已成习惯的v. 取得；捕获（acquire的过去分词）4, token ['təukən]n. 表征；代币；记号adj. 象征的；表意的；作为对某事的保证的vt. 象征；代表5, vanish ['væniʃ]vi. 消失；突然不见；[数]成为零vt. 使不见，使消失n. [语]弱化音6, colleague ['kɔli:ɡ]n. 同事，同僚7, piece [pi:s]n. 块；件；篇；硬币vt. 修补；接合；凑合8, rock [rɔk]n. 岩石；摇滚乐；暗礁vt. 摇动；使摇晃vi. 摇动；摇晃9, capable ['keipəbl]adj. 能干的，能胜任的；有才华的10, underlie [,ʌndə'lai]vt. 成为……的基础；位于……之下11, finely ['fainli]adv. 非常地；细微地；美好地；雅致地12, innate [,i'neit]adj. 先天的；固有的；与生俱来的13, sile [sail]vi. 大雨如注；流下14, cucumber ['kju:kʌmbə]n. 黄瓜；胡瓜15, outrage ['autreidʒ]n. 愤怒，愤慨；暴行；侮辱vt. 凌辱，强奸；对…施暴行；激起愤怒16, readily ['redili]adv. 容易地；乐意地；无困难地17, adjoining [ə'dʒɔiniŋ]adj. 邻接的；毗连的v. 邻接（adjoin的ing形式）18, counterpart ['kauntə,pɑ:t]n. 副本；配对物；极相似的人或物19, characteristics [,kærəktə'ristiks]n. 特性，特征；特色（characteristic的复数）；特质20, candidate ['kændideit, -dət]n. 候选人，候补者；应试者21, chamber ['tʃeimbə]n. （身体或器官内的）室，膛；房间；会所adj. 室内的；私人的，秘密的vt. 把…关在室内；装填（弹药等）22, markedly ['ma:kidli]adv. 明显地；显著地；引人注目地23, volution [və'lju:ʃən]n. 涡旋；螺旋24, reputation [,repju'teiʃən]n. 名声，名誉；声望25, presence ['prezəns]n. 存在；出席；参加；风度；仪态26, righteous ['raitʃəs]adj. 正义的；正直的；公正的27, indignation [,indiɡ'neiʃən]n. 愤慨；愤怒；义愤28, assumption [ə'sʌmpʃən]n. 假定；设想；担任；采取29, grieve [ɡri:v]vt. 使悲伤，使苦恼vi. 悲痛，哀悼30, resentment [ri'zentmənt]n. 愤恨，怨恨31, preserve [pri'zə:v]vt. 保存；保护；维持；腌；禁猎n. 保护区；禁猎地；加工成的食品32, grievance ['ɡri:vəns]n. 不满，不平；委屈；冤情33, abundantly34, independently [,indi'pendəntli] adv. 独立地；自立地35, black [blæk]adj. 黑色的；黑人的；邪恶的n. 黑色；黑人；黑颜料vt. 使变黑；把鞋油等涂在…上；把（眼眶）打成青肿vi. 变黑36, ancestor ['ænsestə]n. 始祖，祖先；被继承人37, tardily38, grapes [greips]n. 葡萄（grape的复数）39, tardy ['tɑ:di]adj. 缓慢的，迟缓的；迟到的n. 迟到40, toss [tɔs, tɔ:s]n. 投掷；摇荡；投掷的距离；掷币赌胜负vt. 投掷；使…不安；突然抬起；使…上下摇动；与…掷币打赌vi. 辗转；被乱扔；颠簸；掷钱币决定某事41, target ['tɑ:ɡit]n. 目标；靶子vt. 把……作为目标；规定……的指标；瞄准某物42, tardiness ['tɑ:dinis]n. 缓慢，迟延43, stagnant ['stæɡnənt]adj. 停滞的；不景气的；污浊的；迟钝的44, stagnancy45, stable ['steibl]n. 马厩；牛棚adj. 稳定的；牢固的；坚定的vi. 被关在马厩vt. 赶入马房46, vague [veiɡ]adj. 模糊的；含糊的；不明确的；暧昧的47, repent [ri'pent]vi. 后悔；忏悔vt. 后悔；对…感到后悔adj. [植]匍匐生根的；[动]爬行的48, companion [kəm'pænjən]n. 同伴；朋友；指南；手册vt. 陪伴49, preservative [pri'zə:vətiv]n. 防腐剂；预防法；防护层adj. 防腐的；有保存力的；有保护性的50, conserve [kən'sə:v, 'kɔnsə:v] vt. 保存；将…做成蜜饯；使守恒n. 果酱；蜜饯51, reserve [ri'zə:v]n. 储备，储存；自然保护区；预备队；储备金vt. 储备；保留；预约vi. 预订52, attentive [ə'tentiv]adj. 留意的，注意的53, appearance [ə'piərəns]n. 外貌，外观；出现，露面54, indignity [in'diɡnəti]n. 侮辱；轻蔑；有伤尊严；无礼举动55, seduce [si'dju:s, -'du:s-]vt. 引诱；诱惑；诱奸；怂恿56, as yet57, contrast [kən'trɑ:st, -'træst, 'k ɔntrɑ:st, -træst]vi. 对比；形成对照vt. 使对比；使与…对照n. 对比；差别；对照物58, comparison [kəm'pærisən]n. 比较；对照；比喻；比较关系59, assume [ə'sju:m, ə'su:m]vt. 承担；假定；采取；呈现vi. 装腔作势；多管闲事60, jealous ['dʒeləs]妒忌的；猜疑的；唯恐失去的；戒备的61, instruction [in'strʌkʃən]n. 指令，命令；指示；教导；用法说明62, temperament63, dignity ['diɡnəti]n. 尊严；高贵64, parallel65, panel ['pænl]n. 仪表板；嵌板；座谈小组，全体陪审员vt. 嵌镶板66, judgment ['dʒʌdʒmənt]n. 判断；裁判；判决书；辨别力67, inconclusive [,inkən'klu:siv] adj. 不确定的；非决定性的；无结果的68, condusive69, concern [kən'sə:n]vt. 涉及，关系到；使担心n. 关系；关心；关心的事70, present ['prezənt, pri'zent] vt. 提出；介绍；呈现；赠送vi. 举枪瞄准adj. 现在的；出席的n. 现在；礼物；瞄准71, grave [ɡreiv]adj. 重大的；严肃的；黯淡的n. 墓穴，坟墓；死亡vt. 雕刻；铭记72, enlist [in'list]vi. 支持；从军；应募；赞助vt. 使入伍；征募；谋取…的赞助或帮助73, fume [fju:m]vi. 冒烟；发怒vt. 熏；冒烟；愤怒地说n. 烟；愤怒，烦恼74, flame [fleim]n. 火焰；热情；光辉v. 焚烧；泛红75, atmosphere ['ætmə,sfiə]n. 气氛；大气；空气76, definitely77, define [di'fain]vt. 定义；使明确；规定78, prudent ['pru:dənt]adj. 谨慎的；精明的；节俭的79, imprudent [im'pru:dənt]adj. 轻率的，鲁莽的；不小心的80, impudent ['impjudənt]adj. 无耻的；鲁莽的；放肆无礼的81, crew [kru:]n. 队，组；全体人员，全体船员vi. 一起工作vt. 使当船员82, lobby ['lɔbi]n. 大厅；休息室；会客室；游说议员的团体vt. 对……进行游说vi. 游说议员83, nonsense ['nɔnsəns]n. 胡说；废话adj. 荒谬的int. 胡说！84, preface ['prefis]n. 前言；引语vt. 为…加序言；以…开始vi. 作序85, policy ['pɔlisi]n. 政策，方针；保险单86, out to87, quarters ['kwɔtə(r)z]n. 住处；四分之一（quarter的复数）；营房v. 把…四等分；供…住宿88, pour [pɔ:]n. 倾泻；流出；骤雨vt. 灌，注；倒；倾泻；倾吐vi. 倾泻；涌流；斟茶89, insurance [in'ʃuərəns]n. 保险；保险费；保险契约；赔偿金90, classic ['klæsik]adj. 经典的；古典的，传统的；最优秀的n. 名著；经典著作；大艺术家91, paralysis [pə'rælisis]n. 麻痹；无力；停顿92, paralyze ['pærəlaiz]vt. 使麻痹；使瘫痪93, initiative [i'niʃiətiv, -ʃətiv] n. 主动权；首创精神adj. 主动的；自发的；起始的94, serve [sə:v]vt. 招待，供应；为…服务；对…有用；可作…用vi. 服役，服务；适合，足够；发球；招待，侍候n. 发球，轮到发球95, steward ['stju:əd, 'stjuəd]n. 管家；乘务员；膳务员；工会管事vi. 当服务员；当管事vt. 管理96, staff [stɑ:f, stæf]n. 职员；参谋；棒；支撑adj. 职员的；行政工作的vt. 供给人员；给…配备职员vi. 雇用工作人员97, investigation98, original [ə'ridʒənəl]n. 原件；原作；原物；原型adj. 原始的；最初的；独创的；新颖的99, reveal [ri'vi:l]vt. 显示；透露；揭露；泄露n. 揭露；暴露；门侧，窗侧100, planet ['plænit]n. 行星101, atmospheric102, oceanic ['əuʃi'ænik]adj. 海洋的；海洋产出的；在海洋中生活的；广阔无垠的103, incentive [in'sentiv]n. 动机；刺激adj. 激励的；刺激的104, extensive [ik'stensiv]adj. 广泛的；大量的；广阔的105, associate with106, applicable ['æplikəbl, ə'plikə-] adj. 可适用的；可应用的；合适的107, in respect to108, concerning [kən'sə:niŋ]prep. 关于；就…而言v. 涉及；使关心（concern的ing形式）；忧虑109, formulate ['fɔ:mjuleit]vt. 规划；用公式表示；明确地表达110, disguise [dis'ɡaiz]vt. 掩饰；假装；隐瞒n. 伪装；假装；用作伪装的东西111, byproduct ['bai,prɔdʌkt]n. 副产品112, component [kəm'pəunənt]adj. 组成的，构成的n. 成分；组件；元件113, swith [swiθ]adv. 快速地；立刻114, logic ['lɔdʒik]n. 逻辑；逻辑学；逻辑性adj. [计算机]逻辑的115, thermostat116, suspend [sə'spend]vt. 延缓，推迟；使暂停；使悬浮vi. 悬浮；[体]禁赛117, neurologist [,njuə'rɔlədʒist] n. 神经病学家；神经科专门医师118, relatively ['relətivli]adv. 相当地；相对地，比较地119, visualize ['vizjuəlaiz]vt. 形象，形象化；想像，设想vi. 显现120, literally ['litərəli]adv. 照字面地；逐字地121, persistent [pə'sistənt, -'zis-] adj. 固执的，坚持的；持久稳固的122, initiate [i'niʃieit, i'niʃiət, -eit]vt. 开始，创始；发起；使初步了解n. 开始；新加入者，接受初步知识者adj. 新加入的；接受初步知识的123, commence [kə'mens]vt. 开始；着手vi. 使……开始；使……得学位124, initial [i'niʃəl]adj. 最初的；字首的vt. 用姓名的首字母签名n. 词首大写字母125, aid [eid]n. 援助；帮助；助手；帮助者vt. 援助；帮助；有助于vi. 帮助126, negligence ['neɡlidʒəns]n. 疏忽；忽视；粗心大意127, neglect [ni'ɡlekt]vt. 疏忽，忽视；忽略n. 疏忽，忽视；怠慢128, aggravate ['æɡrəveit]vt. 加重；使恶化；[口]激怒129, considering [kən'sidəriŋ]prep. 考虑到；就...而论conj. 考虑到v. 考虑到（consider的ing形式）130, regarding [ri'ɡɑ:diŋ, ri:-] prep. 关于，至于131, be related to132, revolutionary [,revə'lju:ʃənəri] adj. 革命的；旋转的；大变革的n. 革命者133, intensely134, conscious ['kɔnʃəs]adj. 意识到的；故意的；神志清醒的135, rapid ['ræp id]adj. 迅速的，急促的；飞快的；险峻的n. 急流；高速交通工具，高速交通网136, regulate ['reɡjuleit]vt. 调节，规定；控制；校准；有系统的管理137, harness ['hɑ:nis]vt. 治理；套；驾驭；披上甲胄n. 马具；甲胄；挽具状带子；降落伞背带138, morement139, intellect ['intəlekt]n. 智力，理解力；知识分子；思维逻辑领悟力；智力高的人140, occupy with141, recurringadj. 循环的；再发的v. 返回（recur的现在分词）142, panic ['pænik]n. 恐慌，惊慌；大恐慌adj. 恐慌的；没有理由的vt. 使恐慌vi. 十分惊慌143, insecurity [,insi'kjuərəti]n. 不安全；不牢靠；无把握；心神不定144, therapist ['θerəpist]n. 临床医学家；治疗学家145, modify ['mɔdifai]vt. 修改，修饰；更改vi. 修改146, course [kɔ:s]n. 过程；进程；道路；一道菜vt. 追赶；跑过vi. 指引航线；快跑147, subceplible148, random ['rændəm]adj. 随机的；任意的；胡乱的n. 随意adv. 胡乱地149, limbic150, prefrontal151, cortex ['kɔ:teks]n. 皮质；树皮；果皮152, genre ['ʒɔŋrə]n. 类型；流派；风俗画adj. 风俗画的；以日常情景为主题的153, aspire [ə'spaiə]vi. 渴望；立志；追求154, permissive [pə'misiv]adj. 许可的；自由的；宽容的；（两性关系）放纵的155, controversy ['kɔntrə,və:si]n. 争论；论战；辩论156, gradual ['ɡrædʒuəl]adj. 逐渐的；平缓的n. 弥撒升阶圣歌集157, figure ['fiɡə]n. 数字；人物；图形；价格；（人的）体形；画像vi. 计算；出现；扮演角色vt. 计算；认为；描绘；象征158, regrettable [ri'ɡretəbl]adj. 令人遗憾的；可惜的；可悲的；抱歉的159, denote [di'nəut]vt. 表示，指示160, liveliness ['laivlinis]n. 活泼；热烈；鲜明161, command [kə'mɑ:nd]vi. 命令，指挥；控制vt. 命令，指挥；控制；远望n. 指挥，控制；命令；司令部162, contempt [kən'tempt]n. 轻视，蔑视；耻辱163, regret [ri'ɡret]n. 遗憾；抱歉；悲叹vt. 后悔；惋惜；哀悼vi. 感到后悔；感到抱歉164, plate [pleit]n. 碟；金属板；金属牌；感光底片vt. 电镀；给…装甲165, cult [kʌlt]n. 祭仪（尤其指宗教上的）；礼拜；狂热信徒adj. 狂热崇拜的166, temporary ['tempərəri]adj. 暂时的，临时的n. 临时工，临时雇员167, aspiration [,æspə'reiʃən]n. 渴望；抱负；呼气；吸引术168, permanent ['pə:mənənt]adj. 永久的，永恒的；不变的n. [口]烫发（等于permanent wave）169, authentic [ɔ:'θentik]adj. 真正的，真实的；可信的170, humble171, linguist ['liŋɡwist]n. 语言学家172, noble ['nəubl]adj. 高尚的；贵族的；惰性的；宏伟的n. 贵族vt. 抓住；逮捕173, spell [spel]vt. 拼，拼写；意味着；招致；拼成；迷住；轮值n. 符咒；一段时间；魅力vi. 拼字；轮替174, modestly ['madistli]adv. 谨慎地；适当地175, liberal ['libərəl]adj. 自由主义的；慷慨的；不拘泥的；宽大的n. 自由主义者176, elevated ['eliveitid]adj. 提高的；高尚的；严肃的；欢欣的v. 提高；抬起；振奋；提拔（elevate的过去分词）n. [口]高架铁路177, regard [ri'ɡɑ:d, ri:-]n. 注意；尊重；问候；凝视vt. 注重，考虑；看待；尊敬；把…看作；与…有关vi. 注意，注重；注视178, triumph ['traiəmf, -ʌmf]n. 胜利，凯旋；欢欣vi. 获得胜利，成功179, sought [sɔ:t]v. 寻找（seek的过去式和过去分词）180, capture ['kæptʃə]vt. 俘获；夺得n. 捕获；战利品，俘虏181, equally ['i:kwəli]adv. 同样地；相等地，平等地；公平地182, performative183, oral ['ɔ:rəl, 'ɔ-]adj. 口头的，口述的n. 口试184, spontaneity [,spɔntə'neiəti, -'ni:i-]n. 自发性；自然发生185, craft [krɑ:ft, kræft]n. 工艺；手艺；太空船vt. 精巧地制作186, illustrate ['iləstreit]vt. 阐明，举例说明；图解vi. 举例187, array [ə'rei]n. [计]数组，阵列；排列，列阵；大批，一系列；衣服vt. 排列，部署；打扮188, degradation [,deɡrə'deiʃən]n. 退化；降格，降级；堕落189, document ['dɔkjumənt, 'dɔkjument]n. 文件，公文；文档；证件vt. 用文件证明190, subtitle ['sʌb,taitl]n. 副标题；说明或对白的字幕vt. 在…上印字幕；给…加副标题191, controversialist192, dialect ['daiəlekt]n. 方言，土话；同源语；行话；个人用语特征adj. 方言的193, chunk [tʃʌŋk]n. 大块；矮胖的人或物194, politician [,pɔli'tiʃən]n. 政治家，政客195, strictly ['striktli]adv. 严格地；完全地；确实地196, propose [prəu'pəuz]vt. 建议；打算，计划；求婚vi. 建议；求婚；打算197, conservative [kən'sə:vətiv] adj. 保守的n. 保守派，守旧者198, grieve over199, shame [ʃeim]n. 羞耻，羞愧；憾事，带来耻辱的人vt. 使丢脸，使羞愧200, elaborate [i'læbərət, i'læbəreit]adj. 精心制作的；详尽的；煞费苦心的vt. 精心制作；详细阐述；从简单成分合成（复杂有机物）vi. 详细描述；变复杂201, spontaneously [spɔn'teiniəsli] adv. 自发地；自然地；不由自主地202, sponse203, grief。
2005年考研英语真题及解析
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
2005年考研英语(一)新题型重要词汇汇总
2005年考研英语（一）新题型重要词汇汇总新题型是2005年新增的一种7选5填空式阅读，主要考查的是篇章结构和上下句之间的关系，该题型中有两个误导选项需要考生予以排除，难度系数较高。
这篇文章主要讲述的是关于加拿大的药物体系之争。
本文没有出现涉及复杂语法结构的难句子以及超纲词汇，但是文章中包含了考研英语常见的高频重点词汇，让我们一起学习这些词汇吧！1. 8spare [speə]a. 1. 备用的2. 多余的，空闲的v. 1. 省出，抽出(时间)2. 饶恕3. 使免遭【真题例句】：Canada’s premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs. 在七月底的年度会议上，加拿大的总理们(各省政府的领导)对渥太华抱怨一顿之后，如果还有力气的话，可能会抽出点时间一起做点事情——降低医疗费用。
(2005年新题型)2. 2groan [ɡrəʊn]n./v. 呻吟，叹息【联想记忆】：拟声词groan 叹息时发出的声音【真题例句】：They’re all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing components of which are pharmaceutical costs. 他们都会医疗预算的飞涨满腹抱怨，其中增长最快的就是药品费用。
(2005年新题型)3. 2 recommend ['rekə'mend]v.1.推荐，举荐2.劝告，建议3.使成为可取，使受欢迎【词根记忆】：re(back)+com(一起)+mend(想起)→使大家都知道→推荐【短语搭配】：recommend for推荐;由于…而称赞【真题例句】：Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care -- to say nothing of reports from other experts -- recommended the creation of a national drug agency. 先不说许多其他专家已经提出报告，罗马诺医疗委员会和科尔比医疗委员会都建议设立一个国家药物机构。