第9讲 虚拟语气-2021年高考英语语法分类讲解+专项练习
Lesson 9虚拟语气问题层级图不会做虚拟语气题目目标层级图能够完成虚拟语气题目LV3 操作10 ’ M课前诊断一. 单项选择1. They might have found a better hotel if they ________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven2. If the new safety system ________to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put3. If we ________ the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.A. had caughtB. caughtC. have caughtD. would catch4. I wish I ________ at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.A. will beB. would beC. have beenD. had been5. --- Do you have Betty's phone number?--- Yes. Otherwise, I ________able to reach her yesterday.A. hadn't beenB. wouldn't have beenC. weren'tD. wouldn't be二. 用所给词的适当形式填空1. --- I went to the concert last night. It was fantastic!--- You are so lucky! How I wish I ________ (get) the ticket too.2. Can you imagine what the modern world ________(be)like without smart-phones?3. If he ________ (be) more careful, he would have got much better results in the finals.4. If Mike ________ (have)the half-cooked food then, he would not be in hospital now.5. Waiters are requested to treat every customer as if they ________ (be)guests in their own house.课中讲解一. 理解真实条件句和非真实条件句LV2 理解1. 虚拟语气的定义I wish I were a rich man.If I were you, I would not accept his invitation.通过观察上面两个例句，可以发现说话人表达的是自己的_________ 或_________，所说的话是一种条件，不是_________，或者与事实相反。
2. 虚拟语气中真实条件句和非真实条件句的区分(1) If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.(2) If I had worked hard before, I would have succeeded before.通过观察以上两个例句，可以发现(1)句中的条件能够或_________ 实现的句子叫_________；(2)句中的条件不能或_________ 实现的叫_________ ,也叫虚拟条件句。
15 ’ M【小试牛刀】判断下列句子是否是非真实条件句。
(1) If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.(2) Let’s go shopping if you are not busy.(3) If I were you, I would plant some trees round the house.(4) If everyone protects the environment, the world will become more beautiful.(5) If I had worked hard before, I would have succeeded before.(6) You must be careful if you go swimming in the river.(7) If you were to have a few free minutes, I would appreciate the opportunity to ask you one more question.(8) If you had listened to his speech attentively, you should have known that his achievement was not all from good luck.二. 判断虚拟语气题目LV2 理解判断以下题目哪些是虚拟语气题目1. The fire________by the people in the neighborhood before the fireman came.A. has been put outB. will be put outC. had been put outD. would be put out2. They might have found a better hotel if they ________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven观察上面两道例题，可以看出两道题都是考查谓语动词的形式，但是，不同的是，第1题实际上考的时态题，而第2句题干中出现了由if 引导的条件状语从句，根据之前学过的真实条件句和非真实条件句的区分，可以判断出if引导的从句是一种假想，所以是非真实条件句，虚拟语气，所以第2题考的是虚拟语气。
因此，判断虚拟语气题目的方法是：在题目中找虚拟语气常见的标志词：if, wish, or, or else, without, otherwise, but for等等。
【精讲精练】1. If the new safety system ________ to use, the accident would never have happened.2. The book covers the knowledge I wish I ________ five years ago.3. --- When do you want to visit Mr. Smith with me?--- Whenever you ________ (have) time.4. --- Do you have Betty's phone number?--- Yes. Otherwise, I ________ able to reach her yesterday.5. It is lucky we booked a room, or we ________ (have) nowhere to stay now.6. By now 516 Confucius Institutes ________ (found) in 142 countries and regions, according to the ConfuciusInstitute Headquarters.三. 状语从句类虚拟语气题目LV3 操作1. If条件句2. 错综时间条件句当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。
如：If you had just followed my advice, you would be better now.如果你刚才听了我的建议，你现在就好多了。
If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he would be able to speak it much better now.如果他以前花费更多的时间练习说英语，他现在就能说得好得多。
3. if省略句当条件状语从句中谓语含有were, had, should, 可省略if，同时把were, had, should提到从句句首，变为倒装句式。
If I were at school again, I would study harder.____________________ , I would study harder.If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus.____________________ , you would have caught the bus.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.____________________ , we would not go climbing.注意：若省略的条件状语从句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式。
正确说法：Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.错误说法：Weren’t not for the expense, I would go abroad now.4. 含蓄条件句有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件状语从句，而是通过其他手段来代替条件从句。
① 连接词or , or else, without otherwise, but, but for, but that等等① I'm really busy, otherwise (＝if I weren't so busy), I would certainly go with you. But that I saw it (＝If Ihad not seen it), I could not have believed it.What would you do with a million dollars ( if you had a million dollars ) ?Without your help, we could not finished the work ahead of time.= But for your help,… = If it had not been for your help,… = Had it not been for your help,…【精讲精练】1. If you ________ the right map, we wouldn’t have got lost.A. have boughtB. boughtC. had boughtD. would buy2. --- Shall we take the 10:20 train?--- No. If we took that train, we ________ too late.A. arriveB. arrivedC. will arriveD. would arrive3. If you had worked hard, you ________ so anxious now.A. are notB. would not have beenC. will not beD. would not be4. We ________ the top of the mountain but for this awful weather. It rained all day.A. will reachB. would reachC. have reachedD. would have reached5. The book covers the knowledge I wish I ________ five years ago.A. knewB. had knownC. would knowD. would have known6. He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing ________.A. had happenedB. happenedC. would happenD. would have happened5 ’ M【小试牛刀】1. Thank you, Jack. Without your constant support I ________ those hard times.A. couldn’t have pulled throughB. couldn’t pull throughC. can’t have pulled throughD. can’t pull through2. If you had seen a doctor, you ________ much better now.A. areB. will beC. would beD. would have been3. I wish I ________ your advice then. In that case things might not ________ be so bad.A. have takenB. tookC. had takenD. would have taken4. Thanks for your useful advice; otherwise I ________ such rapid progress.A. didn’t makeB. couldn’t have madeC. hadn’t madeD. shouldn’t have made5. I wish I ________ the Great Wall with you tomorrow, but I’m preparing for the coming exam.A. will climbB. had climbedC. climbD. would climb6. If there were no cellphones, life ________ quite different because we depend too much on them.A. will beB. would beC. isD. were四. 完成名词性从句类虚拟语气题目LV3 操作1. 用于宾语从句中(1) wish后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习附答案解析
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语虚拟语气详解和练习(含答案解析)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习题(附答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语 虚拟语气讲解及练习(有答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高考英语语法专攻-《虚拟语气》-考点归纳+针对性练习
高中英语语法专攻-《虚拟语气》【考点1-用于条件句】条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的甚至完全不可能发生的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
例如：If he doesn't hurry up，he will miss the bus.如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。
( 真实)If he is free，he will ask me to tell stories.如果他有空，他会要求我讲故事。
（真实）If I were you，I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。
（我不可能是你。
非真实，虚拟语气，与现在事实相反）If there were no air，people would die.如果没有空气，人就会死亡。
（不可能没有空气。
非真实，虚拟语气，与现在事实相反）If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间，我就同他们去。
(陈述语气)If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你，我就同他们去。
(虚拟语气)1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number，I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water，there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)If I had any money with me，I could lend you some.如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习题(附答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习附答案解析
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习带答案
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语 虚拟语气讲解及练习(有答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习题(附答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。