考研英语专业经济类和社会类词汇
(完整版)英语常用考研词汇
1、经济贸易类25.基础设施 infrastructure facilities1.改革产业结构 reform the structure of26.豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects industries27.投资热点 investment hot spot2.损失企业 loss-making enterprises28.外向型经济 export-oriented economy3.搞活企业 enliven enterprises29.按劳分配 distribute according to the4.加快现代化步伐 quicken the work performancemodernization drive30.打破平均主义 break / abandon5.跨国企业 transnational corporation /equalitarianmultinational corporation31.沿海开放城市 open coastal cities6.乡镇企业 township enterprises32.保税区 bonded zone/ area7.国有企业 state-owned enterprises33.金融改革 banking system8.合资企业 joint ventures34.公民生产总值 Gross National Product9.解放生产力 emancipate/ liberate35.扶贫项目 anti-poverty project productivity36.下海经商 plunge into the private10.中兴国家经济 invigorate our state businesseconomy37.协调发展 coordinate the development11.实行股份制 introduce the shareholding38.住所改革 housing reformsystem39.社会保障系统 social security system12.全面深入改革 deepen reform all round40.数字时代 digital times13.提高经济效益 improve economic results41.信息高速公路 the information14.增进效益 increase economic returns superhighway15.宏观经济调控 macro-economic control42.虚假社区 virtual communitiesand management43.菜“蓝子”工程 the “shopping-basket ”16.经济实力 economic strength project ( the non-staple food project)17.经济转轨 economic transformation44.拳头产品 knock-out products/18.经营体系 operative mechanism competitive products19.整顿经济序次 rectify economic order45.市场冷清 slack market20.引进竞争体系 introduce a competitive46.中国质量万里行 China’s Long March mechanism to Quality campaign21.建立技术密集型企业 set up47.冒牌产品 fake brand-name products technologically-intensive enterprises48.假冒伪劣商品 fake and poor quality22.招商引资 canvass business and commoditiesintroduce investment49.牟取暴力 reap colossal profits23.房地产 real estate50.提出索赔 lodge a claim24.经济特区 special economic zone51.投诉 lodge complaint52.贸易争端 trade disputes53.乱收费 random charges54.市场疲软 sluggish market55 .贸易顺差favorable trade balance56.贸易逆差 unfavorable trade balance57.实行优惠政策 launch a preferential policy58.繁荣市场 flourish the market59.加入世贸组织 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO60.最惠国待遇 Most-Favored-Nation treatment61.花销者协会 consumer’s association62.花销者购买力 consumer purchasing power63.新兴市场 emerging market64.控制花销 control / inhibit consumption65.无形财富 intangible assets66.有形财富 tangible assets67.市场占有率 market share68.严重违约 grave breach of contract69.泡沫经济 bubble economy70.品牌效应 brand effect71.企业重组 reshuffle of enterprises72.贸易壁垒 trade barrier73.人才流失 brain drain74.清理“三角债” break up the debt chain75.企业文化 corporate culture76.商业炒作 commercial speculation77.扩大内需，刺激花销 expand domestic demand and consumption78.拉动经济增添 fuel economic growth79.连锁反应 chain reaction / domino effect80.竞争优势 competitive edge81.经济结构调整 economic restructuring82.经济增添点 economic growth point ; growth engine83.经济过热 overheated economy84.经济滑坡 economic downturn85.集约化经营 intensive management86.灰色收入 gray income87.福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system88.分期付款 installment payment89.从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy90.按揭购房 buy a house on a mortgage ; mortgage a house91.边缘效益 marginal benefit92.不良贷款 non-performing loan93.裁汰冗员 lay off redundant staff; cut down on overstaffing94.产品更新换代 upgrade of products95.创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park96.促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy97.家庭联产承包责任制 household contract responsibility system98.人才战 competition for talented people99.脱贫致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity100.资源优化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources2、政治类101.不正之风 bad / harmful practice102.霸权主义 hegemonism103.奔小康 strive for a better-off life104.论资排辈 assign priority according toseniority105.连续发展 sustainable development106.重复建设 redundant project107.大锅饭 egalitarian practice ( of everyone taking food from the same big pot)108.多极化 multi -polarization109.科学技术是第一世产力 Science and technology are the primary productive force. 110.机构肥胖 overstaffing in organization111.机构改革 institutional restructuring; streamlining112.反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government113.窗口行业 service trade114.核心竞争力 core competitiveness115.减员增效 downsizing of staff andimproving efficiency116.减少农民负担 reduce farmer ’ s burdens; lighten the burden on them117.超越式发展 great-leap-forward development118.跨世纪发展 trans-century project119.民主集中制 democratic centralism120.讲诚信﹑反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating121.强权外交 power diplomacy122.狼多肉少 overstaffing123.吞并公款 embezzle public funds124.群带关系 networking through petticoat influence125.求同存异seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences on minor ones 126.滥用权益 abuse one ’ s power; misuse one authority127.勤政建设 build a clean and honest government128.三步走战略 the three-step developmentstrategy129.三讲教育 three emphaseseducation — emphasize theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct130.三峡工程 Three gorges project131.贪污腐化 corruption and degeneration132.思想僵直 fossilized concept133. 西部开发the development of China’ s west134.发展是硬道理 Development is aninvariable truth135. 坚持四项基根源则 uphold the fourcardinal principles136.地方保护主义 regional protectionism137.拜金主义 money worship138.贿赂贿赂 give and take bribery139.走后门 get in by the back door / enter bythe back door140.和平演变 peaceful evolution141.贪脏枉法 take bribes and bend the law142.以权略私 abusing power for money143.拉关系 try to establish a relationship withsb.144.权钱交易 trading power for money145.扫黄运动 anti-pornography campaign146.公款吃喝 enjoy banquet on public funds147.一“国两制”的原则 the principle of“ one country, two systems:”148.两大主题 two principle themes149.坚持一此中国立场stick to one-Chinaposition150’.s 全国人民代表大会 National People ’ s Congress151. 与国际接轨synchronize with the world;accord with international norms173.可连续发展战略 strategy of sustainable 152.社会主义物质文明socialist material developmentwellbeing174.工业园区 industrial park153.社会主义精神文明socialist culture and175.技术密集型产品 technology-intensive ideology product154.实现中华民族伟大中兴 bring about a176.新兴学科 new branch of sciencegreat rejuvenation of the Chinese nation177.边缘学科 frontier science155.左道旁门 unhealthy practices and evil178.高速宽带互联网 high-speed broadband phenomena networks156.温暖工程 adequate food and clothing179.电脑病毒 computer virusesprogram180.电子商务 e-commerce; e-business157.知识产权 intellectual property right181.黑客 hacker158.综合国力 comprehensive national strength182.数字地球 digital globe159.最低生活保障制度 systems for ensuring a183.局域网 local area networkminimum standard of living184.人工智能 artificial intelligence160.政企分开 separate government functions185.网上冲浪 web-surfingfrom enterprise management186.网络世界 cyber world161.与时俱进 keep pace with the times187.网上犯罪 cyber crime162.闲置人员 idle hand188.信息高速公路 information highland163.养老保险 endowment insurance189.网民 netizen164.以经济建设为中心focus on the central190.虚假现实 virtual realitytask of economic construction191.克隆 cloning165.下岗职工基本生活费subsistence192.基因工程 genetic engineeringallowance for laid-off workers193.转基因食品 genetically modified food 166.世界观﹑人生观﹑价值观 world outlook,194.“神舟六号”载人飞船 manned spacecraft outlook on life and values Shenzhou VI167.脚扎实地 seek truth from facts195.掌上电脑 palm computer168.试点工程 pilot project196.主页 home page169.政府廉洁高效 clean and efficient197.语音信箱 voice mailgovernment198.网络经济 cyber-economy170.战略伙伴关系 strategic partnership199.网虫 netter; Internet geek3、教育与科学技术类200.网恋 cyber romance; virtual romance 171.科技含量 technology content201.高精尖技术 high-grade, high-precision, 172.科教兴国 rely on science, technology and advanced technologyeducation to rejuvenate the nation202.科技扶贫 support poor areas usingtechnology203.科研攻关 work towards key technological breakthroughs204.自费研究生 self-supporting graduate student205.委托培养 consign the training of personnel to a certain school206.填鸭式授课 cramming method of teaching207.启示式授课 heuristic education208.复合型人才 interdisciplinary talent209.论文争辩 thesis oral defense210.素质教育 quality -oriented education211.教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people212.九年制义务教务教育 nine-year compulsory education213.德智体美劳全面发展all around development of moral, intellectual,physical,aesthetics andlabor education214.知识产权 intellectual property215.因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude216.硕博连读 a continuous academic program that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 217.双学位 double degree218.双向选择 two-way selection219.人才流失 brain drain220.陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste and temperament221.学生减负 alleviate the burden on students 222.学术交流 academic exchanges223.学科带头人 pace-setter in scientific research224.德才兼备 have both political integrity and ability225.攻读硕士学位 study for a doctoral degree 226.文科生 students of liberal arts227.理科生 students of science228.爱国主义教育 education in patriotism 229.择优录取 enroll the excellent students 230.毕业论文 graduation thesis231.毕业设计 graduation project232.义务教育 compulsory education233.高等教育 higher education234.选修课程 optional courses235.主修课程 major courses236.重点学科 key disciplinary areas237.德智体全面发展的学生 students who are well developed morally, intellectually and physically238.教育部 Ministry of Education239.博士生导师 doctoral supervisors240.世界观﹑人生观﹑价值观 word outlook, outlook on life and values 4、文化社会生活类241.彩票 lottery ticket242.保健食品 health-care food243.暴发户 new rich; upstart244.民工潮 farmer ’ s frenzied hunt for work in cities245.下岗工人 laid-off workers246.人口老龄化 aging/ graying population 247.人口巅峰 baby boom248.人口负增添 negative population growth 249.流动人口 moving population250.收视率 viewing rate251.售后服务 after-sale service252.再就业工程 re-employment project253.自由职业者 free lancer254.性别歧视 sexual discrimination255.性价比 cost performance256.水货 smuggled goods257.水土流失 soil erosion258.文化浸透 cultural infiltration259.跳槽 job-hopping260.抢购 panic buying262.公益广告 public -interest advertisement263.让利 offer discounts264.出国热 craze for going abroad265.社会福利制度 the social welfare system266.享受公费医疗 enjoy public health care267.世界卫生组织 World Health Organization (WHO) 268.夜晚恋 twilight love269.贺岁片 New Year film270.记者招待会 press/ news conference271.卖淫嫖娼 prostitute oneself and visit prostitutes 272.制造假钞 make the false notes273.吸毒者 a drug addict274.销售黄色录像 sell obscene video tapes275.传销 pyramid-selling; multi -level marketing。
考研英语翻译-学科专业及相关词汇
考验翻译学习资料：学科、专业名称中英文互译及相关词汇哲学Philosophy逻辑学Logic伦理学Ethics美学Aesthetics宗教学Science of Religion科学技术哲学Philosophy of Science and Technology经济学Economics 理论经济学Theoretical Economics 政治经济学Political Economy经济思想史History of Economic Thought经济史History of Economic西方经济学Western Economics世界经济World Economicss国民经济学National Economics 区域经济学Regional Economics计量经济学Quantitative Economics应用经济学Applied Economic财政学（含税收学）Public Finance (including Taxation)金融学（含保险学）Finance (including Insurance)统计学Statistics (注意也可能为“统计数据”)法学Law / Science of Law/ Legal Science法律史Legal History宪法学与行政法学Constitutional Law and Administrative Law刑法学Criminal Jurisprudence民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学)Civil Law and Commercial Law (including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law )诉讼法学Science of Procedure Laws经济法学Science of Economic Law国际法学(含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、) International law (including International Public law, International Private Law and International Economic Law)军事法学Science of Military Law政治学Political Science国际政治学International Politics政治制度Political Institution外交学Diplomacy (注意diplomatism 外交手段，外交手腕)国际关系学International Relations社会学Sociology人口学Demography人类学Anthropology教育学Education/ Education Science 教育学原理Educational Principle心理学Psychology 应用心理学Applied Psychology行为学behaviorism文学Literature 语言学Linguistics应用语言学Applied Linguistics新闻传播学Journalism and Communication电影学Film历史学History专门史History of Particular Subjects近现代史Modern and Contemporary History世界史World History考古学Archaeology博物馆学Museology数学Mathematics应用数学Applied Mathematics概率论与数理统计Probability and Mathematical Statistics运筹学与控制论Operational Research and Cybernetics物理学Physics 理论物理Theoretical Physics粒子物理与原子核物理Particle Physics and Nuclear Physics原子与分子物理Atomic and Molecular Physics 等离子体物理学Plasma Physics 凝聚态物理学Condensed Matter Physics声学Acoustics光学Optics化学Chemistry 无机化学Inorganic Chemistry有机化学Organic Chemistry天文学Astronomy 天体物理学Astrophysics 天体测量学Astrometry地球物理学Geophysics大气科学Atmospheric Sciences气象学Meteorology大气物理学与大气环境Atmospheric Physics and Atmospheric Environment海洋科学Marine Sciences (另：oceanology 海洋资源开发研究，海洋地理研究) 地质学Geology构造地质学Structural Geology生物学Biology微生物学Microbiology植物学Botany 动物学Zoology生理学Physiology 遗传学Genetics生物化学与分子生物学Biochemistry and Molecular Biology生物物理学Biophysics生态学Ecology系统科学Systems Science力学Mechanics固体力学Solid Mechanics 流体力学Fluid Mechanics理学Natural Science 工学Engineering机械工程Mechanical Engineering机械制造及其自动化Mechanical Manufacture and Automation测试计量技术及仪器Measuring and Testing Technologies and Instruments材料学Materialogy材料加工工程Materials Processing Engineering电气工程Electrical Engineering信息与通信工程Information and Communication Engineering计算机科学与技术Computer Science and Technology计算机应用技术Computer Applied Technology建筑学Architecture城市规划与设计Urban Planning and Design水利工程Hydraulic Engineering矿业工程Mineral Engineering采矿工程Mining Engineering石油与天然气工程Oil and Natural Gas Engineering油气井工程Oil-Gas Well Engineering油气田开发工程Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering交通运输工程Communication and Transportation Engineering航空宇航科学与技术Aeronautical and Astronautical Science and Technology核科学与技术Nuclear Science and Technology核技术及应用Nuclear Technology and Applications农业工程Agricultural Engineering农业机械化工程Agricultural Mechanization Engineering 兽医学Veterinary Medicine 临床兽医学Clinical Veterinary Medicine林学Forestry水土保持Soil and Water Conservation荒漠化防治Desertification Combating医学Medicine 基础医学Basic Medicine临床医学Clinical Medicine免疫学Immunology内科学Internal medicine外科学Surgery老年医学Geriatrics神经病学Neurology精神病学Psychiatry护理学Nursing康复医学与理疗学Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy运动医学Sports Medicine 急诊医学Emergency Medicine公共卫生Public Health营养与食品卫生学Nutrition and Food Hygiene中医学Chinese Medicine 方剂学Formulas of Chinese Medicine药学Pharmaceutical Science管理学Management Science 工商管理学Science of Business Administration会计学Accounting情报学Information Science通用前缀：比较－comparative应用－applied临床－clinic后－post相关：广义general 狭义restricted/ special辩证法/辩证法的，辩证的dialectic悖论paradox 谬论fallacy边缘学科/交叉学科interdisciplinary 跨学科cross-disciplinary实地研究/现场研究field study 理论研究theoretical study文献研究literary study/research评论criticism方法论methodology女权主义feminism现代主义modernism 后现代主义post-modernism现实主义realism 唯物主义materialism 唯心主义idealism （有时为理想主义）内涵connotation(文化内蕴)/ intension 外延denotation（字面意义）/extension归纳induction 演绎deductionhumanism 人本主义，人文主义humanitarianism 人道主义，博爱主义relativism 相对主义(注意不等于物理学中的“相对论”！) 这学名词A theory that conceptions of truth and moral values are not absolute but are relative to the persons or groups holding them.相对主义：认为真理的概念及道德价值不是绝对的而是相对于持有它们的人或集团的理论relativity 相对论（物理学名词）Encyclopedia 百科全书Renaissance 文艺复兴（时期的）各种学位名称B.A. or BA 文学士（Bachelor of Arts）B.S. or BS 理学士（Bachelor of Science）M.A. or MA 文科硕士（Master of Arts）M.S. or MS 理科硕士（Master of Science）M.B.A. 工商管理硕士（Master of Business Administration）Ph.D 哲学博士（Doctor of Philosophy）（注意并非所有的博士都是Ph. D）D.S. 理学博士（Doctor of Science）M. D. 医学博士（Doctor of Medicine）Eng.D 工学博士（Doctor of Engineering）。
金融学考研专业英语词汇列表(经济类)
金融学考研专业英语词汇列表（经济类）1．air pocket气囊：指一种股票的显而易见的极其虚弱性。
2．backdoor listing后门上市：一家公司因其自身未能符合交易所上市规定，便买进一个上市公司，将自身并入其中而使自己能够上市。
3．basket purchase一篮子购买：以一种价格购买一组资产。
然而在记帐同时，每件物品可以单独记入，并对每件资产指定一个成本。
4．bear trap空头陷阱：当股票下跌时，引起大量抛售，然后价格又上涨。
5．bed and breakfast deals床头和早餐交易：卖空骗局，个人或公司根据事先安排的交易，先卖出股票，继而在第二天买回，以此形成一个抵消资本收益的税损。
本做法仅存于英国。
6．bottom fisher底部钓鱼人：寻找那些价格已跌至最底点，即将发生转机的商品或股票投资者。
在有些情况指购买破产或濒临破产组织的股票或债券的人们。
7．butterfly spread蝴蝶差：同时在相同或不同的市场上买或卖三种期货合同，产生利润和借贷权。
8．Chinese Wall中国墙：不可逾越的障碍物，用以阻止华尔街商行的交易区不公正地使用投资银行家们从客户那里秘密获得的信息。
9．fallen angle下坠天使：大公司的高价证券因某些不利的负面消息而使价格突然下跌。
10．golden handcuffs金手铐：将经纪人和经纪人事务所连结起来的合同；是经纪业对经纪人从一个公司到另一个公司频繁变动的反应。
一般包括将其受雇时接受的大部分报酬返还原公司的协议。
11．gold brick假金砖：毫无价值的带有欺诈特点的证券。
12．gray knight灰骑士：公司收购中并非收购对象所寻求的投机性二次投标者，只想利用收购对象和原投标者之间的问题而牟利。
13．graveyard market墓地市场：一种在其中的不能出来，而在外面的不能进去的证券市场。
14．lame duck跛脚鸭：冒险失败的投机者或股票交易中资不抵债的人。
2024年考研英语大纲词汇新增
2024年考研英语大纲词汇新增2024年考研英语大纲词汇新增内容丰富多样，涵盖了社会、科技、文化、经济等多个领域，旨在适应时代发展的需要，提高考生对语言的综合运用能力。
下面将针对新增词汇进行详细讲解。
一、社会类词汇1. Digitalization（数字化）这一词汇常用于描述信息技术的进步和社会的发展。
在数字化时代，人们对于数字技术的运用越来越重要，它改变了人们的传统生活方式。
2. Sustainability（可持续性）可持续性是指适应自然资源有限性的原则，旨在解决环境、经济和社会方面的问题，以实现长期可持续发展。
3. Artificial intelligence（人工智能）人工智能是计算机科学的分支，通过模仿人类智能来使计算机具备学习、推理和问题解决的能力。
它在社会各个领域发挥着越来越重要的作用。
二、科技类词汇1. Blockchain（区块链）区块链是一种去中心化的分布式账本技术，被广泛应用于加密货币和金融领域，它可以保护交易的安全性和可追溯性。
2. Augmented reality（增强现实）增强现实技术是一种将虚拟信息与真实场景相结合的技术，通过计算机生成的图像和声音来提供与现实世界的互动。
3. Virtual reality（虚拟现实）虚拟现实技术通过计算机生成的世界模拟真实环境，通过佩戴相关设备可以与虚拟环境进行互动，提供身临其境的体验。
三、文化类词汇1. Cultural diversity（文化多样性）文化多样性是指世界上不同国家和地区所拥有的独特文化和价值观。
它推动了文化交流和互相理解，丰富了人们的生活。
2. Intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）非物质文化遗产是指具有历史、文化和社会价值的非物质资产，例如口头传统、表演艺术和社会实践等。
3. Cultural assimilation（文化同化）文化同化是指一个文化逐渐被另一个文化所吸收和转变的过程。
(完整word版)考研英语分类词汇
考研英语分类词汇(按照学科门类进行词语分类，帮助大家记忆。
其中里面的很多专业词汇是认识就可以,无需会拼写，自己觉得写作有可能用到的，就记下它的拼写。
大家加油!！！）Unit l 科普类access time存取时间anti—virus programs杀毒软件assembler汇编程序bar code条形码beeper传呼机buffer storage缓冲存储器call instruction呼叫指令cellular手机comsat （communications satellite) 通讯卫星cordless telephone无绳电话cursor光标cyber crimes网上犯罪cyberspace电脑空间,网络世界desktop台式计算机digital television数字电视electronic control电子控制electronic hearing aid电子助听器encryption加密fast—forward（放录像带等时的快进）fiber optic technology光纤技术firewall防火墙flat panel display平板显示技术floppy disk软盘genetic engineering基因工程hacker黑客identifier标识符intelligent system智能系统intranet内联网IT—industry信息产业jumbotran(电视机的）超大屏幕know—how（技术）诀窍laser激光long—distance educational system远程教育系统microprocessor微处理机minicomputer小型计算机modem调制解调器multimedia多媒体multimedia learning system多媒体学习系统netsurfed网虫on-1ine service网上服务palmtop（:PDA)掌上电脑password．PIN(：personal identification number)密码portable便携式计算机snooper窥探者software package软件包solar collector太阳能收集器terminal终端设备video camera摄像机videodisc影碟workstation计算机工作站xerox静电复印Y2k bug千年虫zip-code邮政编码Unit 2 经济管理类active trade balance贸易顺差adverse trade balance贸易逆差appropriate拨款auditor审计员。
考研英语词汇分类总结
The most thoroughly studies intellectual in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England.
The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. statistics（n.）统计（学）；statistical（a.）统计的，统计学的 真题例句
literary (a. ) 文学的 真题例句
While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized.
1
enterprise (n.) 企（事）业单位，事业，事业心，进取心 真题例句
The important factor in a private enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. revenue（n.）财政收入，税收 真题例句
考研英语二历年真题阅读与写作常见词汇及短语
（对于 mortal 解释就是用生死来做个约定，但当今社会是法治社会，不能用真正的生死来做
个约定，因此只能用生命中最有价值的东西来做约定，比如将房子抵押出去来换贷款）
mortal combat 殊死搏斗
cheap mortgage 低息抵押贷款
2. 表示萧条的单词：recession、recede、depression、depress（○1 使萧条○2 使沮丧）、slump
merse 合
merger 合并 acquisition 收购
↑
↑
merge
acquire 收获，得到 inquire 询问 require 要求
↓
emerge 涌现，浮现（合并以后出来的东西）
emerging countries 新兴国家
emergence 涌现；出现
emergency 紧急情况
acquire 收获，得到
deficit in trade 贸易逆差
surplus in trade 贸易顺差
balance of trade 贸易差额（balance 在这里译作为差额）
unfavorable balance 贸易逆差（不利的差额）
favorable balance 贸易顺差（有利的差额）
favorite 喜爱
gold rush 黄金热；淘金热
4. private enterprise 私企
private property 私人财产
private 私人的
↑
priv 私人的（priv 为词根）
deprive 剥夺（否定私人的）
↑ └←prive：私人的
否定
privilege 给特权；给优惠（v.）<2012 年英语二翻译>；特权，优惠（法律上授予私人的）
英语一 英语二考研大纲词汇
英语一英语二考研大纲词汇本文将为大家介绍英语一和英语二考研大纲中的重点词汇。
在备考过程中，掌握这些词汇将有助于提高阅读理解和词汇填空的得分。
以下是具体内容：一、英语一考研大纲词汇1. 经济类词汇： inflation（通货膨胀）、 GDP（国内生产总值）、recession（经济衰退）、 subsidy（补贴）、 tariff（关税）等。
2. 政治类词汇： democracy（民主）、 totalitarianism（极权主义）、 socialism（社会主义）、 capitalism（资本主义）、 monarchy （君主制）等。
3. 社会类词汇： diversity（多样性）、 discrimination（歧视）、 inequality（不平等）、 poverty（贫困）、 urbanization（城市化）等。
4. 科技类词汇： artificial intelligence（人工智能）、virtual reality（虚拟现实）、 biotechnology（生物技术）、renewable energy（可再生能源）等。
二、英语二考研大纲词汇1. 文学类词汇： metaphor（隐喻）、 symbol（象征）、 imagery （意象）、 irony（讽刺）、 allusion（典故）等。
2. 艺术类词汇： perspective（透视法）、 composition（构图）、chiaroscuro（明暗对比）、 impressionism（印象派）等。
3. 历史类词汇： civilization（文明）、 revolution（革命）、Renaissance（文艺复兴）、 World War I（第一次世界大战）等。
4. 哲学类词汇： rationalism（理性主义）、 empiricism（经验主义）、 existentialism（存在主义）、 utilitarianism（功利主义）等。
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考研英语专业经济类和社会类词汇可持续性发展sustainable development风险投资risk in vestment通货紧缩deflation通货膨胀inflation扩大内需to expand domestic demand计算机辅助教学computer-assisted in struction (CAI)网络空间cyberspace虚拟现实virtual reality电脑犯罪computer crime电子商务the e-business网上购物shopping on line(on-line shopping)应试教育exam-oriented education学生减负to reduce study load全国人民代表大会(简称全国人大)National People’s Congress(NPC)全国人大代表deputy to the National People’s Congress中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会(简称全国政协)National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPC~)中国政协委员member of the National Committee of CPPCC政府工作报告government’s work report新闻发布会press conference弱势群体disadvantaged groups(例句：Special employment assistance should be given to members of disadvantaged groups．应对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助加快经济结构调整accelerate economic restructuring城镇社会保障体系urban social security system下岗职工基本生活费subsistence allowances for laid-off workers离退休人员基本养老金basic pensions for retirees特困行业和企业industries and enterprises in dire straits全球经济衰退the global economic slump医疗改革health care reform扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption乡镇企业township enterprises．关贸总协定(世界贸易组织的前身)GATT(General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)世界贸易组织WTO (World Trade Organization)最惠国待遇(现通常称“正常贸易关系”)MFN (most-favored-nation)treatment实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to粮食安全food security知识产权IPRs(Intellectual property fights)最不发达国家LDCs(Least-developed countries)AA制Dutch treatment；go Dutch奥委会Olympic Committee艾滋病(获得性免疫缺陷综合征)AIDS(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)爱心工程Loving Care Project爱鸟周Bird-Loving Week．爱国统一战线patriotic united front安理会Security Council按劳分配distribution according to one’s performance按揭购房to buy a house on mortgage；to mortgage a houseBP机beeper；pager手机mobile phone脱贫shake of poverty；lift oneself from poverty拜金主义money worship版权法copyright law白色污染white pollution笔记本电脑notebook computer贬值devalue，devaluate，depreciate(of a currency)毕业生分配制度assignment of graduates闭关政策closed-door policy蹦迪disco dancing保持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保护生态环境preserve the ecological environment保护主义protectionism保健食品health-care food北约NATO(the North Atlantic Treaty Organization)不明飞行物unidentified flying object(UFO)重复建设building redundant projects；duplication of similar projects菜篮子工程shopping basket program畅通工程Smooth Traffic Project从粗放经济转变为集约经济shift from extensive economy to intensive economy促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy春运(passenger)transport during the Spring Festival around the Chinese lunar new year大学生创业university students’innovative undertaking(食物)打包use doggy bags to take food home打假crack down on counterfeit goods／fake products带薪假期paid holiday盗版VCD pirated VCD电话会议teleconference第三产业tertiary industry；service sector倒计时countdown地球村global village地方保护主义regional protectionism多媒体multimedia恶性循环vicious circle厄尔尼诺现象El Nino phenomenon防伪标志anti-fake label防洪工程flood-prevention project风险投资venture capital；risk investment疯牛病mad cow disease扶贫poverty alleviation反弹道导弹条约Anti-ballistic Missile Treaty(ABM)反腐倡廉combat corruption and build a clean government福利彩票welfare lotteries福利分房welfare-oriented public housing distribution system复合型人才inter-disciplinary talent个人所得税personal income tax高新技术产业开发区high and new technology industrial development zone国民生产总值gross national product(GNP)国际惯例international common practice国际货币基金组织IMF(International Monetary Fund)国脚player of the national football team；footballer of the national team 国库券treasury bonds公费医疗medical services at state expense共同富裕common prosperity黑客hacker基因突变genetic mutation基因工程genetic engineering基本国情fundamental realities of the country基础设施infrastructure construction精神文明建设promote cultural and ideological progress；develop socialist culture and ethics经济全球化economic globalization；economic Integration经济复苏economic resurgence可持续发展sustainable development可持续发展战略strategy of sustainable development宽带网broadband networks口蹄疫foot-and-mouth disease科教兴国rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation考研take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools贸易顺差trade surplus贸易逆差trade deficit欧元Euro欧洲货币一体化European monetary integration普通高等教育regular higher education勤工俭学part-work and part-study system; work—study program申办奥运会bid for the Olympic Games生态旅游ecotourism售后服务after-sale services三维动画片three-dimensional animation三峡工程Three Gorges Project双向选择two-way selection双学位double degree双赢局面win-win situation实行股份制enforce stockholding system实事求是seek truth from facts；be practical and realistic；be true to facts 实现中华民族伟大复兴bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation实话实说speak the plaint truth-tell it as it is首创精神pioneering spirit．填鸭式教学cramming method of teaching团队精神team spirit．网络经济cyber economy网上冲浪surf the Internet吸取世界文明成果assimilate the achievements of civilizations over the world现场直播live broadcast现代企业制度modem enterprise system；modem corporate system希望工程Project Hope西气东输transmit the natural gas from the western areas to East China；West-East natural gas transmission project西部大开发Western Development西电东送transmit the electricity from the western areas to East China；West-East electricity transmission project亚洲金融危机financial crisis in Asia依法治国manage state affairs according to law；run state affairs according to law忧患意识awareness of unexpected development；being prepared for unexpected development；being prepared for any eventualities有中国特色的社会主义道路road of socialism with Chinese characteristics与时俱进advance with times因材施教teach students according to their aptitude以法治国，以德治国to govern the country with law and moral义务教育compulsory education优化经济结构optimize the economic structure．优化资源配置optimize the allocation of resources应试教育体制examination-oriented education system振兴中华make China powerful and strong；revitalize the Chinese nation知识经济knowledge-based economy主页home page自由竞争free competition综合国力comprehensive national strength。