(每日一读)高考英语考前突破 阅读理解能力 文化教育 人们拍照片越多 感受和体验就越少素材
2月高考英语考前突破 阅读理解能力 文化教育 第一印象很难改变
第一印象很难改变新的研究发现，第一印象很难被改变。
但好消息是，人们的快速判断往往是准确的。
First impressions are hard to dislodge（驱逐）, new research finds. The good news is that people's snap judgments about others tend to be accurate.Two new studies presented at the an nual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology in Austin, Texas, reveal that people both have a hard time getting over the first thing th ey know about someone, and that they're actual ly pretty good at judging a book by its cover."Despite the well-known idiom to 'not judge a book by its cover,' the present research shows that such judg ments about the cover are good proxies for judgments about the book -- even after reading it," Vivian Zayas, a psychologist at Cornell University, said in a statement.Zayas and her colleagues asked participants to view a photograph of a person and make a snap judgment about how he or she would feel about that person if they interacted.More than a month later, the participant and the person in the photo did actually interact. People's predictions of how much they'd like the person in the photo were surprisingly accurate, Zayas and her colleagues report.On the other hand, no one can be right about everything. Psychologist Nicholas Rule of the University of Toronto and colleagues wanted to know wh at happens when initial information about a person conflicts with new disc overies that come out as they get to know each other.To test the question, the researchers took advantage of real-life gaydar: On average, people are able, with about 65 percent accuracy, to tell from a person's face whether they are gay or straight.The researchers asked participants to look at pictures of both gay and straight men. In half of cases, the photos were labeled with the person's correct sexual orientation. In the other half, the label was wrong, saying that a straight man was gay or vice versa.Next, the participants had to take a computer quiz, correctly recalling whether each man was gay or straight, according to the labels. They saw each face come up on screen and had to answer correctly for every single photograph three times. If they made a single mistake, they had to start all over again."By the end, the y really knew who was gay and who was straight," Rule told Live Science.The twist, Rule said, was that the participants were given diff erent amounts of time to see the faces in the quiz section. Some went through the pictures at their own pace; others had as little as a 20th of a second, the amount of time it takes people to judge sexual orientation from a face alone.People who saw the faces for only a 20th of a second were more likely to go with their gut feeling on the person's sexuality -- meaning they were likely to guess the person's real orientation instead of what the false labels said. People who had all the time they needed were more likely to answer according to the labels.。
【英语】高考必刷题英语阅读理解题含解析
【英语】高考必刷题英语阅读理解题含解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Starting CyclingWe have two services designed to give people the confidence and knowledge to cycle successfully.LessonsAll our instructors have been trained to National Standards level of “Bike-abil ity”. This means you will be trained to a standard consistent across the whole country.There are 3 levels of skills to progress through. Children would start with levels 1 & 2, progressing from the playground or park to cycle on less busy local roads. Teenager and adult beginners can also learn levels 1 & 2 in an off-road and quiet environment.Confident teenagers and adults can broaden their skills by learning level 3, using multi-lane roads and larger roundabouts. We provide both a complete package of lessons for the beginner or individual lessons tailored to the client. Whatever the need we can address and practice until perfect!Cost is ￡30 per hour.Guided RideWe know that riding on the roads in London can be scary, and if you have to navigate (确定行车路线) as well it can become a real hard task! The Guided Ride service takes all the stress out of it for you by providing the following:Route planned in advance to suit your skill level. Route map provided to you.Cycle and equipment checked. We will teach you a simple method to check basic roadworthiness (车辆性能) of your bike that you can perform on a weekly basis.Route discussed and focus given to any areas requiring special attention.Cycle along with the instructor close behind. Here the traffic can be controlled by the instructor and rider observed.We currently cover London Zones 1 & 2. Please contact us if your requirements are outside of these areas.Cost ￡30 per hour.（1）Where can Level 1 & 2 lessons for adult beginners be carried out?A. Off road.B. Near large roundabouts.C. On busy local roads.D. On multi-lane roads.（2）What service does the Guided Ride provide?A. They check your cycle and equipment every week.B. They help you to be familiar with all London roads.C. They let users experience the busiest road in London.D. They ensure users ride safely in London Zones 1 & 2.（3）Who is the text probably intended for?A. Bike riding lovers.B. Children and teenagers.C. Travelers in London.D. Parents loving cycling.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一项学习骑自行车的课程，包括课程内容，技术指导以及费用等。
高考英语考前突破 阅读理解能力 文化教育 喝咖啡能拯救视力素材
喝咖啡能拯救视力A daily cup of coffe e can save your eyesight, scientists claim.科学家称，每日一杯咖啡可以拯救你的视力。
A chemical found in the drink prevents deteriorating eyesight and possible blindness f rom retinal degener ation due to glaucoma（青光眼）, ageing and diabetes.Researchers at Cornell U nivesity in New York were looking at coffee's ant ioxidant effects when they made the discove ry.Coffee contains 1 percent caffeine but between 7 and 9 percent chlorogenic acid （绿原酸） which is a strong antioxidant.The study, published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, found that in mice this acid prevented retinal degeneration.Chang Y. Lee, a professor of food science and the study's senior author said: 'Th e re tina is a thin tissue layer on the inside, back wall of the eye with millions of light-sensitive cells and other nerve cells that receive and organise visual information.'It is also one of the most metabolically active tissues, demanding high levels of oxygen and making it prone to oxidative stress.'The lack of oxygen and pr oduction of free radicals leads to tissue damage and loss of sight.'He added: 'The study is important in understanding functional foods, that is, natural foods that provide beneficial health effects.'Coffee is the most popular drink in the world, and we a re understanding what benefit w e can get fro m that.'Previous studies ha ve shown that coffee also cuts the risk of such chronic diseases as Parkinson's, prostate cancer, di abete s, Alz heimer's a nd age-related cognitive declines.1。
【英语】高考英语阅读理解(教育文化)技巧小结及练习题
【英语】高考英语阅读理解(教育文化)技巧小结及练习题一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类1．阅读理解As is known to all, nowadays many students are interested in studying abroad.Attending schools abroad has many advantages. First, by looking at our own country from outside, we can best see the strong points and weak points of our nation and therefore broaden our minds. Second, while studying in a foreign country, we can travel widely, visiting famous scenic spots and making friends with the local people. Third, we can use the foreign language in our daily life so that our ability in that language may be improved quickly. But the most importantis to learn advanced(先进的) science and technology. For all these advantages, it is really worthwhile to go abroad for education.However, as everything has two sides, there are also some disadvantages in attending a foreign university. The most serious problem is the language barrier(障碍). Most of the students who are ready to go abroad do not prepare themselves well for the new language environment. As a result, on arriving there, they will find it difficult to understand what the instructors are saying in class. Besides, for not knowing about the customs and way of life of the local people, they may run into trouble in dealing with various situations. Therefore, misunderstandings often arise. Furthermore, the cost of living is much higher than that in our country, so most students have to find part-time jobs in order to help support themselves. Faced with these difficulties, many students find themselves unable to pay full attention to their studies and some students may even fail in their courses and learn little.Therefore, given an opportunity to attend a school abroad, one must consider the factors carefully before making up his mind. On the one hand, it is a good thing to go and study abroad. But on the other hand, one must not neglect(忽视) the disadvantages.（1）According to the passage, the following are all advantages of studying abroad EXCEPT__________.A. having more chances to get good jobsB. improving foreign language ability quicklyC. visiting well-known places of interestD. learning very modern science and technology（2）The underlined word "instructors" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to "__________".A.neighborsB.teachersC.strangersD.classmates（3）According to the passage, why do some students find part-time jobs?A.Because they want to learn more skills in a different country.B.Because they want to make full use of their time.C.Because they are not interested in studying.D.Because they have to support themselves.（4）The passage mainly tells us that __________.A.studying abroad is a good way to learn moreB.everything has two sidesC.people should think twice before going abroadD.going abroad has more advantages than disadvantages【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了出国学习的坏处和好处，旨在告诫人们对出国学习要慎重考虑，不能盲目跟风。
(每日一读)高考英语考前突破 阅读理解能力 文化教育 毕加索《蓝色房间》下发现一隐藏画作素材
毕加索《蓝色房间》下发现一隐藏画作A hidden painting has been found by scient i sts beneath the brush strok es of The Blue Room, a 1901 Picasso artwork.人们在毕加索1901年画作《蓝色房间》下发现一隐藏画作。
Art experts and conservators at The Phillips Collection in Washington used infrared technology on the masterpiece, revealing a bow-tied man with his face res ting on his hand.Picasso created both works in Paris during his famous blue period."It's really one of tho se moments that really ma kes what you do special," said conservator Patricia Favero.Acknowledged as one of the 20th Century's greatest artists, Pablo Picasso focused on monochromatic（单色的） pain tings in shades of blue and blue-green during his blue period from 1900 to 1904.The Blue Room has been the subject of exploration since 2008 by experts from the Phillips Collection, National Gallery of Art, Cornell University and Delaware's Winterthur Museum.Improved infrared i magery al lowed them to see a man wearing a jacket and bow tie, resting his bearded face on his hand with three rings on his fingers.When the i mage was turned on its side, it revealed a portrait of a man.Technical analysis confirmed the hidden portrait was likely to have been painted just before The Blue Room.Favero added that, having found the second image back in 2008, they then wanted to know who the man was."We're still working on answering that question," she said.Curator Susan Behrends Frank told press agency AP: "When he [Picasso] had an idea, you know, he just had to get it down and realise it," explaining that the ar tist had quickly painted over another completed picture when the inspiration took him."He could no t afford to acquire new canvasses every time he had an idea that he wanted to pursue. He worked sometimes on cardboard because canvas was so much more expensive.''The Blue Room has been part o f the Phillips Collection since 1927.Conservators suspected back in 1954 it may have had another painting below its surface, as brushstrokes did not match the composition of a woman bathing in Picasso's studio.But it was not until the 1990s that an X-ray revealed a "fuzzy imag e" of something under the main image.Research on The Blue Room will continue and curators have planned a 2017 exhibition focusing on the painting and the portrait beneath it. It is also part of a tour to South Korea in 2015.This is not th e first time a hidden image has been fou nd beneath a Picasso artwork.A technical analysis of La Vie at the Cleveland Museum of Art revealed he had reworked the painting's composition, while a moustached man was found beneath the painting Woman Ironing at Manhattan's Guggenheim Museum.。
全国1卷2021版高考英语冲刺阅读理解全文翻译第10套湖北省部分重点中学素材
A羚羊峡谷的神秘美景等待着冒险的旅行者，他们试图发现鲍威尔湖地区最壮观但鲜为人知的景点之一。
对业余摄影师和专业摄影师来说，参观这座令人振奋的自然雕塑是必不可少的。
来看看令人惊奇的色彩杰作吧。
关于旅行：旅行包括我们用我们的四轮驱动旅行车将你运送到上羚羊峡谷，这些车既坚固、安全又舒适。
到达上羚羊峡谷后，你将下车，踏入沙漠，进入一个由多年风水雕刻而成的令人惊奇的砂岩世界。
我们的导游将讲解一些有关地质、文化、历史的知识，以及一些相机拍摄背景设置的技巧。
旅游线路1：穿过上羚羊峡谷的砂岩墙，你将发现神奇的世界，并沉浸在我们全方位引导的观光之旅中。
拍摄照片，了解峡谷和当地的情况，你将在羚羊峡谷体验一次美妙的经历。
旅行线路2：对于严肃的摄影师，通过适当的曝光和合适的摄影设备，你可以在我们的全方位引导下，带着自己最好的创意游览上羚羊峡谷。
我们参观的地点与我们的旅游线路1相同，但唯一不同的是，这条旅游线路是专为严肃的摄影师拍摄更多的羚羊峡谷的照片而设计。
旅游线路3：除了传统路线外，我们还提供到白口袋、鹿皮沟、千口袋等地的额外旅游线路。
这些旅行对身体条件的要求更高，但在我们的导游带领下，到朱红色地区观光和徒步旅行的机会更多。
提前预订进入上羚羊峡谷的有导游的游览仅限于旅客。
无论你想在一年中的什么时候旅游参观，都需要预订。
我们全年开放——唯一能看到峡谷的方法就是找一家授权的旅游公司。
B两年前，当我走出沃尔格林家的时候，那似乎是一个典型的十一月的一天。
就在我祖母去世一个月后，我花了好几天的时间办一些没用的差事，希望能让自己从痛苦中解脱出来。
当我试图走出商店时，我对周围的一切感到沮丧。
我很生气，因为我甚至记不起去那里买什么了，所以我花了20多美元买了些没用的东西，白白浪费时间和金钱，而这两样我都没有。
我感到沮丧和绝望并开始走向我的车。
每一步都显得筋疲力尽，每一步都是为了生存。
突然，一个从我身边开过来的女士摇下了车窗。
“对不起，”她大声说。
(每日一读)高考英语考前突破 阅读理解能力 文化教育 考拉抱树有助身体散热素材
考拉抱树有助身体散热Hugging trees helps koalas to keep cool, a study has revealed.一项研究发现，抱着树木有助于考拉保持凉爽。
Thermal images revealed how cool the trunks of large tre es we reIn a study published in the Roya l Society journal Biology Letters, scientists used thermal cameras to reveal that, in hotter weather, the animals moved to the lower, cooler parts of the trees.They also pressed their bodies even closer to the trunks.The team, led by researchers from the Universit y of Melbourne, was studying how koalas regulated their temperature.Thi s is part of a wider research project investigating the effect of climate on land-dwelling animals in Australia, a country which experienced an extreme heat wave earlie r this year.While PhD student Natalie Briscoe was studying the koalas' beha viour, she noticed that in the winter the animals would stay hig h in the trees - up near the leaves feeding.In the hotter summer weather though, they would move down.Dr Michael K ea rney from the University of Melbourne explained: "They'd j ust flop over the [lower] tree trunks."It looked like they were sp read-eagled and uncomfortable; it seemed like the wrong thin g to do."But measurements of the temperatures of the tree trunks showed that, on days as hot as 39C, they were up to seven degrees cooler than the air."That's what made us wonder if the koalas were using the tree s as a heat sink," said Dr Kearney.The team used a thermal camera to take p ictures of koalas on a particularly hot day."When we g ot the images, back it was so obvious what the koala was doing," e xpl ained Dr Kearney. "You could see the koala sitting on the coolest p art of the tree trunk with its bottom wedged right into the cool est spot."If we had thermal vision, it would have been an obvious thing."。
(每日一读)高考英语考前突破 阅读理解能力 文化教育 抑郁是引发身心障碍的第二大原因素材
抑郁是引发身心障碍的第二大原因Depression is the second most common cause of disability worldwide after back pain, according to a review of research.研究显示，抑郁是引发身心障碍的第二大原因，仅次于背痛。
The disease must be treated as a global public health priority, experts report in the journal PLOS Medicine.The study com pared c linical depression with more than 200 other diseases and injuries as a cause of disability.Globally, only a s mall proportion of patients have access to treatment, the World Health Organization says.Depression was ranked at number two as a global cause of disability, but its impact varied in different countries and regions. For e xample, rates of major depre ssion were highest in Afghanistan and lowest in Japan. In the UK, depression was ranked at number three i n t erms of years lived with a disability.Dr Alize Ferrari from the University of Queensland's School of Population Health led the study."Depression is a big problem and we definitely need to pay more attention to it than we are now," she told BBC News."There's still more work to be done in terms of awareness of the disease and also in coming up with successful ways of treating it."The burden is different between countries, so it tends to be higher in low and middle income countries and lower in high income coun tries."Policy-makers had made an effort to bring depression to t he forefront, but there was a lot more work to be done, she added."There's lots of stigma we know associated with mental health," she explained."What one person recognises as disabling might be d ifferent to another person and might be different across countries as well, there are lots of cultural implications and interpretations that come in place, which makes it all t he more important to raise awareness of the size of the problem and also signs and how to detect it."The data - for the year 2010 - follows similar studies in 1990 and 2000 looking at the global burden of depression.Commenting on the study, Dr Danie l Chisholm, a health economist at t he department for mental health and substance abuse at the World Health Organization said depression was a v ery disabling condition."It's a big public health challenge and a big problem to be reckoned with but not enough is being done."Around the world only a tiny proportion of people get any sort of treatment or diagno sis."The WHO recently launched a global mental health action plan to raise awareness among policy-makers.。
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人们拍照片越多感受和体验就越少
一位心理学家指出，人们拍的照片越多，他们感受和体验的就越少，对拍照目标的细节也记
得越模糊，她将其称为“拍照效应”。
她说，在公园里给孩子拍照的那些家长，其实当时“更
不关心”孩子，因为他们正在关心拍照这件事。
结果，这些父母“失去了”拍照的那些时光。
Los Angeles blogger Rebecca Woolf uses her blog, as a window into her family's life. Naturally, it includes oodles（许多） of pictures of her four children. She says she's probably taken tens of thousands of photos since her oldest child was born. And she remembers the moment when it suddenly clicked -- if you will -- that she was too absorbed in digital documentation.
"I remember going to the park at one point, and looking around ... and seeing that everyone was on their phones ... not taking photographs, but just -- they had a device in their hands," she recalls.
"I was like, 'Oh, God, wait. Is this what it looks like?' " she says. "Even if it's just a camera, is this how people see me? ... Are [my kids] going to think of me as somebody who was behind a camera?"
Today, Woolf still takes plenty of pictures, but she tries to not let the camera get in the middle of a moment, she says.
Effect On Childhood Memory
With parents flooding their camera phones with hundreds of photos -- from loose teeth to hissy fits to each step in the potty training process -- how might the ubiquity of photos change childhood memories?
Maryanne Garry, a psychology professor at the Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand, is trying to figure that out. For years, she's studied the effects of photography on our childhood memories.
"I think that the problem is that people are giving away being in the moment," she says.
Those parents at the park taking all those photos are actually paying less attention to the moment, she says, because they're focused on the act of taking the photo. "Then they've got a thousand photos, and then they just dump the photos somewhere and don't really look at them very much, 'cause it's too difficult to tag them and organize them," she says. "That seems to me to be a kind of loss." 1。