英语作文常用文体的写作知识[1]
高考英语作文常用的文体
高考英语作文常用文体解析The art of writing an effective English essay for the college entrance examination requires a deep understanding of the commonly used styles and formats. These styles, ranging from argumentative to narrative, each carry their unique set of rules and techniques that students must master to produce a coherent and engaging piece of writing. Firstly, let's delve into the argumentative essay, a staple of the college entrance exam. This type of essay requires students to present a clear argument, supported by evidence and logical reasoning. The introduction should establish the topic and present the thesis statement, while the body paragraphs should develop the argument with facts, examples, and analysis. The conclusion should summarize the main points and reinforce the thesis.On the other hand, the narrative essay is more focused on telling a story. Here, the writer must captivate the reader with vivid details and a compelling plot. The narrative should have a clear beginning, middle, and end, with a strong emotional impact. Character development andsetting description are crucial to creating a immersive experience for the reader.Another common style is the descriptive essay, which aims to create a vivid picture in the reader's mind. This type of essay relies heavily on sensory details to evoke emotions and bring the subject to life. Students should use their five senses to describe the subject and create amulti-dimensional experience.Lastly, the expository essay focuses on explaining or defining a concept, idea, or process. It requires a clear and logical organization, with each paragraph focusing on a different aspect of the topic. The writer should use examples and illustrations to clarify complex ideas and ensure that the reader has a thorough understanding of the subject.Mastering these different essay styles is essential for success in the college entrance examination. By understanding the structure and techniques required for each style, students can confidently tackle any essay prompt and produce a well-written and engaging piece of work.**高考英语作文常用文体解析**在高考英语中，撰写一篇有效的英语作文需要深入理解并熟练掌握常用的文体风格。
大学英语四级(CET4)写作各种文体详解
大学英语四级写作一、记叙文记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内容，以记叙、描写为主要表达方式的一种文体，通常分为三类：1. 以人物为主的记叙文，即以人物为中心组织材料，围绕这个人物来写一件事或两件事。
2. 以事件为主的记叙文。
即以事件为中心组织材料，围绕中心事件可以写一个人或几个人。
3. 以写景状物为主的记叙文，应注意的是，在一篇记叙文中，写人、写景、写事往往是交织在一起的，不可截然分开，但各有侧重。
写记叙文通常应遵循以下几点：1. 交待要素，即人、时、地、事。
2. 按事件发生的先后顺序叙述，做到完整具体。
3. 重点突出，目的明确，不要玩弄词藻，讲清言明即可。
写作时还要注意，用第一人称时主要是本人的经历或耳闻目睹之事；用第三人称时则主要是他人的经历和事情。
记叙文所记的都是过去发生的事，所以原则上通常都用过去时态写，但有时也用历史现在时和戏剧现在时。
范文1：一对外发行的英文报纸有“人物剪影”栏目，请根据下面的提示写一篇短文，介绍我国著名乒乓球运动员王楠。
提示：1. 王楠：1978年10月出生于辽宁。
2. 身高1.62米，体重54公斤。
3. 7岁开始打球，1989年进入辽宁队，1993年入选国家队。
4. 训练刻苦，与队友相处融洽。
5. 喜欢上网，交友。
好学网（）6. 在国际比赛中获得几十枚金牌，为国家争得了荣誉。
注意：1. 题目自拟；2. 不要逐条翻译提示，可适当增加细节，使短文连贯。
3. 词数100~140Wang Nan－World Champion in Ping pongWang Nan， a world champion in Ping Pong， is 1.62 meter tall with the weight of 54 kilograms. She was born in Loaning Province in October 1978. She began to play ping pong at the age of seven. She worked in Loaning Team for three years before she came to the national team in 1993. She trained hard and got along well with her teammates. Wang Nan has won scores of gold medals in international table-tennis games and won great honor for our motherland. She likes going on the net and she enjoys chatting with friends through the Internet. You can find more information about her at Wangnan@wang-nan net.范文2：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Most Favorite Programmer. You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1.我最喜爱的电视(或无线电)节目是……2.这类节目的内容和特点3.我喜欢它的原因My Most Favorite ProgrammerThe News Report has always been my favorite TV program. Almost everyday I turn on the TV at 6:30 p.m. and wait for the news program. This has become a part of my life.The News Report contains a large amount of information C from the international political. situation to the latest foot-ball game. And the most important character is its fast pace. Because of this fast pace, news programs can contain much information in a short time.In my opinion, the News Report is more than a TV program. It is a way of communication. From this program, people can know and understand world affairs. The world thus becomes smaller. I especially appreciate this benefit of watching the news.范文3：今天是教师节，请根据以下提示写一篇记叙你的英语老师的短文，约220词左右。
英语常用文体范文
1. 常用文体分析1）说明文：说明文是一种最常见、使用最广泛的文体，其主要作用是对事物进行解释或提供资料信息，把抽象的概念或高度概括的观点用简洁清晰的语言通过比较或分类或具体的例子来解释清楚。
比较或分类或具体的例子来解释清楚。
在大学英语考试中，在大学英语考试中，经常考生来说明某个现象，或者对某个问题分析其原因或提出一些解决问题的措施，或者对某个问题分析其原因或提出一些解决问题的措施，或者根据图表信或者根据图表信息分析说明某种现象，这样的文章均属于说明文。
下面我们就针对性地给出几篇范文。
范文。
例文1：Owning Private Cars Recently, Recently, private private private cars cars cars are are are popular popular popular around around around us. us. us. Like Like Like everything everything everything else, else, else, owning owning owning a a private car has both positive and negative aspects. The following are some advantages that private cars may demonstrate. Firstly, it is convenient to go out with a private car. In addition, having a private car, people can also live in the country without worrying about the poor traffic system. Above all, the increase of private cars will promote the development of automobile industry and then benefit domestic economy. But every coin has two sides, so we cannot ignore the unfavorable aspects. To begin begin with, with, with, the the the more more more private private private cars cars cars move move move in in in the the the street, street, street, the the the more more more energy energy energy they they they will will consume, while crude oil on earth is limited. To make matters worse, too many private cars will burden the traffic system and then cause traffic jams. Worst of all, too many private cars will do harm to environment around us. The gas they let off will pollute the air and the noise they make will make us nervous. Now the conclusion is self-evident. Along with its benefits, owning private cars also lead to some problems. Therefore, if we want to encourage people to purchase private cars ，we shall create some new technology to improve private cars and relieve its negative aspects first. 例文2：Why Do Many Tourists Like Visiting Museums? Many people visit museums when they travel in an unfamiliar place. Even if they do do not not not have have have enough enough enough time, time, time, they they they would would would rather rather rather visit visit visit a a a museum museum museum than than than any any any other other other scenic scenic spots. There are many reasons for this phenomenon, but in general, they come down to three major ones. For one thing, these people are very interested in history. They can learn lots of things things that that that happened happened happened in in in ancient ancient ancient time. time. time. Moreover, Moreover, Moreover, they they they can can can see see see with with with their their their own own own eyes eyes many many products products products made made made thousands thousands thousands of of of years years years ago. ago. ago. Perhaps Perhaps Perhaps the the the prime prime prime reason reason reason is is is that that that a a museum is full of all kinds of culture knowledge and people can learn many things and feel proud of man’s civilization.From the foregoing, many people like visiting museums, which is a very popular phenomenon nowadays. In order to have a good knowledge of the local culture and his history, we’d better visit the museum when we are in a strange place.tory, we’d better visit the museum when we are in a strange place.例文3：The Effects of Early RisingAs we know, early rising is beneficial to us in more than one way. The positive impacts that getting up early has on us can be listed as follows. First of all, early rising helps to keep us fit. We all need fresh air, but the air is never so fresh as early in the morning. Plus, early rising helps us in our studies. In the morning we learn more quickly and find it easier to memorize what we learn. Thirdly, early rising enables us to plan our work for the day. We cannot work well without a proper plan. Just as the plan for the year should be made in the spring, so the plan for the day should be made in the morning. Last but not the least, early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work. Of course, in order to keep us energetic, we should not stay up too late at night if we want to get up early in the morning. As an English proverb says, “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.”例文4：How to Solve the Energy ShortageEnergy shortage is a very serious problem in the world. Many people worry that energy resources on the earth will be exhausted if we use them in an unchecked way. This, most people agree, will cause serious problems and even crisis and jeopardize the survival of mankind. Most people agree that the problem can be solved in one way or another. One is to conserve and save energy. Energy refers not only to coal, oil, or natural gases but also to goods, land and water, etc. Most countries have realized the wastefulness in their using of energy. They are trying to conserve energy. However, conservation alone cannot solve the problem. The other best way, 10 years ago now Graduates who continue to study 4% 50% Graduates who take jobs irrelevantto their majors 7% 60% Graduates Graduates who who who hold hold hold jobs jobs jobs in in in their their majors 89% 58% bar chart （条状图）（条状图）pie chart （饼状图）（饼状图）2) 表示“如图表所示”时，可以使用这些表达方式：时，可以使用这些表达方式：According to the table,........ As is shown/indicated/illustrated in the chart,...... The chart shows/indicates/illustrates that ........ 3) 表示时间跨度时，可以使用: From … to …Over the period from … to …During the past three decade s… Between … and ...4) 表示“上升”或“呈上升趋势”时，可用这些动词:increase, go up, rise, be on the rise/increase, tend to go up/rise/increase; 表示“下降”或“呈下降趋势”时，可用这些动词：decrease, go down, fall, be on the decline , tend to go down/fall/decrease 等；等；5) 表示“上升/下降到……”时，数字前用介词to ；表示“上升/下降了……”时，数字前用介词by; 表示“从.....上升/下降到.....”时，数字前用from ... to ... 6）表示“（在数量，比例方面）占”时，常用这些动词短语；account for, make up ；7）表示“分别”，“各自” 时，在句子里加上respectively ；8）表示“（某时）发生（某事）”时，可用动词: see, witness 等。
所有英语作文知识点总结
所有英语作文知识点总结一、写作格式1. 通常英语作文的格式包括题目、开头、正文、结尾和落款等几个部分。
2. 开头一般包括引出话题和提出观点。
3. 正文是文章的主体部分，一般包括论证、举例、分析等内容。
4. 结尾一般是总结全文，给出建议或展望未来。
5. 落款一般包括日期和签名。
二、写作技巧1. 表达清晰：避免使用过于复杂的词汇和句子结构，确保文章表达清晰。
2. 逻辑清晰：论点要有条理，一般采用总分总的结构。
3. 用词准确：注意用词精准，避免出现语法错误和词语搭配错误。
4. 举例充分：在文章中举例论证的例子要具体、充分，能够为你的论点提供有效的支持。
5. 语法规范：避免出现语法错误，注意时态、主谓一致、单复数等问题。
三、常见的作文类型1. 说明文：用来说明一个问题的类别。
2. 议论文：用来说明一个问题，论述两种不同的观点。
3. 对比文：用来说明两个事物的相同和不同之处。
4. 记叙文：用来描写一个具体事件或事物。
5. 评论文：用来评论一个事件或事物，提出自己的观点和看法。
四、写作素材的获取1. 丰富的知识：要有一定的知识储备，有丰富的背景知识。
2. 阅读书籍和文章：可以通过阅读书籍和文章来获取素材。
3. 观察和思考：可以通过观察周围的事物和思考来获取素材。
4. 写作经验：通过不断练习写作，可以积累写作素材。
五、常用短语和句型1. 表示观点：In my opinion, I believe that…From my point of view, I think that…2. 表示原因：The reason why/for…There are several reasons for…3. 表示举例：For example, for instance, such as…Take… for example…4. 表示转折：However, on the other hand…But, whereas…5. 表示结论：In conclusion, in summary, to sum up…All in all, it can be seen that…六、写作注意事项1. 摆正态度：坚持正确的观点和态度，不要盲从和迎合。
英文 文章 体裁
英文文章的体裁有很多种，以下是一些常见的英文文章体裁：
1.新闻报道：新闻报道是关于近期发生的事件、人物或事物的报道。
它通常包
括标题、导语、正文和结尾，并遵循一定的新闻写作规范。
2.说明文：说明文是一种解释、说明某事物或概念的文章体裁。
它通常包括引
言、正文和结论，正文部分会详细解释说明主题。
3.议论文：议论文是一种阐述作者观点、论证某一观点或主张的文章体裁。
它
通常包括引言、正文和结论，正文部分会通过论据支持论点。
4.记叙文：记叙文是一种叙述事件、人物或情景的文章体裁。
它通常包括引言、
正文和结尾，正文部分会描述事件的起因、经过和结果。
5.散文：散文是一种灵活自由的文学形式，可以包括描写、叙述、抒情、议论
等多种元素。
它通常表达作者的情感、思想或对生活的感悟。
6.小说：小说是一种虚构的文学作品，通过人物的塑造、情节的安排和环境的
描写来反映社会生活。
它通常包括开头、发展和高潮部分。
7.诗歌：诗歌是一种以语言为媒介的文学艺术形式，通过音韵、节奏和意象来
表达情感和思想。
它通常具有独特的韵律和节奏感。
以上是英文文章的一些常见体裁，每种体裁都有其特定的写作规范和特点，需要根据不同的需求和场合选择适当的体裁进行写作。
英语短 文 写 作 短文写作文体及其写作要领
英语短文写作短文写作文体及其写作要领常见的英语作文文体包括描写文(Description)、叙述文(Narration)、说明文(Exposition)和议论文(Argumentation)。
一、议论文议论文是采用逻辑证明或推理的方法, 阐述作者的立场和观点的一种文体。
在议论文的写作过程中, 可以从正面提出自己的某一观点, 也可以针对某种错误的观点进行批评反驳。
议论文一般应该具备论点、论据和结论三个要素, 在写议论文的时候, 要注意五个方面的问题, 即, 主题明确, 论据充分, 逻辑严密, 结构清楚, 态度忠诚友好。
论文就种类来说可以分为以下四种类型。
(1) 比较性议论文(Analyzing-Alternative Essay)。
比较性议论文用于在两种或两种以上的事物或观点之间作出比较。
在对两种事物或观点作比较时, 一定要找出它们的异同点, 在对两事物进行比较和对照之后, 要明确提出自己的见解或认识。
例如:例1.Directions: Traditional ways of life are often changed by modern technology. Using one or two examples of such changes, compare the new ways with the old. Which way of life do you like better? Why?Technology threatens and inflicts damage upon our quality of life. Scientific achievement of this century is creating a wide- spread plague that would soon destroy the entire world. Let's take, for example, our air. Due to massive air pollution, what we breathe is not relatively safe as it used to be. The fumes from the exhaust pipes of automobiles, trucks and factories blow waste materials into the atmosphere. After a period of time, atmospheric change occur. The fumes, that were collected in atmosphere, are slowly eating away at the ozone layer. This layer of the atmosphere is what shields us from solar ultra -violent rays. Once this layer is gone, our natural protection against the sun would be gone, and if we were hit by one ray of the sun, we'd burst into flames and fired into a cinder. Another plague of technology would be nuclear power. The power that can energize entire cities with electricity could also be the power to destroy. After 1945, the research on nuclear power has increased significantly. Contrary to the belief that it is safe, nuclear power has a way of destroying the whole cities. It is not like a fire that can be put out with water or CO2, but special equipments have to be used. Afterwards, that place would remain radioactive for quite a long time, devoid of life and sound.So you see, if technology cannot be halted, then our fate is sealed. Our end would not come about by natural means, but by our technological achievements. And life on Earth would cease to exist.例2.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about Bicycle?An Important Means Transportation in China. You should base your compositionon the following outline.(1) 为什么自行车在中国这样普及;(2) 和汽车比较;(3) 自行车在中国的前途;Bicycle, as a means of transport, is an indispensable companion of most Chinese. Each Chinese family possesses at least one bicycle. China is therefore called 搕he Bicycle Kingdom? The popularity of bicycle in China, I think, is mainly due to the economy of the country and its people. China, as one of the developing countries, has no financial potential to expand its road and to manufacture so many cars to satisfy the need of so many Chinese.Compared with cars, bicycle, however, still has some advantages. First, it is very convenient. For its small size, it does not need special parking space. It can be parked almost everywhere. For its light weight, it can be carried upstairs and downstairs. Second,driven by man power, it doesn't need fuel. Hence it has nothing to do with air pollution and energy crisis. Third, China is still a developing country. Most people can afford a bicycle, but not a more advanced vehicle car.With so many advantages, bicycle will remain to be an important means of transport in China in the following years. But I think with the rapid development of Chinese economy, more and more Chinese will own a car. Cars will surely substitute bicycle in the future.上面这篇短文是在不同的事物之间进行比较, 尽管没有明确地说明另一个事物的情况, 但在论述一个事物的同时, 另一种事物的特点也就很容易地体现出来了。
英语高考应用文文体
英语高考应用文文体英语高考应用文文体主要包括以下几种：1. 书信（Letters）：书信是一种常见的应用文文体，主要用于书面交流。
书信通常包括信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名等部分。
在书信中，要注意使用礼貌用语和正确的格式。
2. 通知（Notices）：通知是一种公告性质的应用文文体，主要用于传达信息、告知事项或提醒注意事项。
通知通常包括标题、正文和发布单位等部分。
在写通知时，要注意简洁明了、条理清晰。
3. 便条（Notes）：便条是一种简短的书面交流方式，主要用于临时性的留言、提醒或请求。
便条通常包括日期、称呼、正文和签名等部分。
在写便条时，要注意简洁明了、礼貌得体。
4. 申请书（Applications）：申请书是一种正式的应用文文体，主要用于向有关部门或个人提出申请。
申请书通常包括信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名等部分。
在写申请书时，要注意详细说明申请原因、目的和具体要求。
5. 邀请函（Invitations）：邀请函是一种邀请性质的应用文文体，主要用于邀请他人参加活动或聚会。
邀请函通常包括信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名等部分。
在写邀请函时，要注意表达诚挚的邀请意愿和详细的活动安排。
6. 建议书（Suggestions）：建议书是一种提出改进意见或建议的应用文文体，主要用于对某个问题或方案提出自己的看法。
建议书通常包括信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名等部分。
在写建议书时，要注意客观公正、有理有据。
7. 投诉信（Complaints）：投诉信是一种表达不满或抱怨的应用文文体，主要用于向有关部门或个人反映问题。
投诉信通常包括信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名等部分。
在写投诉信时，要注意表达真实情况、提出合理要求。
8. 感谢信（Thanks）：感谢信是一种表达感激之情的应用文文体，主要用于对他人的帮助或关心表示感谢。
感谢信通常包括信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名等部分。
在写感谢信时，要注意真诚表达感激之情和具体说明感谢原因。
高考英语作文各种文体写作注意事项
书面表达各种文体写作留意事项记叙文1．命题形式：提纲式，图画式。
2．人称：第一人称（写自己的经验）；第三人称（写他人的经理）3．时态：过去时为主（记叙的事情发生在过去）。
说明文1．命题形式：图表式，图画式，提纲式。
2．人称：第三人称3．时态：一般现在时为主争论文1．题形式：表格式，提纲式。
2．人称：第三人称、第一人称3．时态：一般现在时为主4．通常以三段式的形式来争论，如：一些同学认为……,另一些同学认为……;你的观点…..。
某事物的优点……;某事物的缺点……;你的看法……。
应用文(一) 一般书信1．人称：第一人称2．时态：一般现在时为主3．称呼：自成一行，顶格写，Dear……,正文：与Dear后第一个词对齐，去信开头语：I’m glad to learn that….. ,/I’m writing to tell you that……,回信开头语How nice to hear from you./ Thank you for your last letter about asking……结束语：I’m looking forward to your reply./Thanks and all the best./Wishing you a pleasant journey.Yours sincerely/truly…Sincerely yours…(二)求职信1．人称：第一人称2．时态：一般现在时3．内容应包括三部分：（1）目的：直截了当在信的开头提出（I’m quite interested in ……,/I’m glad to learn that …,/I’ve read the advertisement in the newspaper that…）（2）自我介绍：（不要过谦）（3）提出期望：I’m looking forward to your reply.(三)日记1．格式：左上角：日期，星期几，右上角：天气状况：sunny/fine/rainy/windy/cloudy/snowy/2．时态:：一般过去时（发表争论或感想时可用现在时）3．人称:：第一人称（四）通知1．书面通知格式：Notice______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______The Students Union2.口头通知格式Boys and girls, /Ladies and gentlemen,May I have your attention please? I have an announcement to make....That’s all. Thanks for listening.运用过渡词语1．表递进besides, what’s more, let alone, worse still, moreover, even, furthermore, to make matters worse, on one hand…,on the other hand .2．表说明、说明that is(to say), in other words, or, for, actually, in fact, in this case.3．表转折however, but, yet, although, otherwise, instead, on the contrary, while, at the same time 4．表列举firstly…secondly…finally, for example/instance, such as, take…for example, as follows, and so on, like.5．表因果because, since, therefore, thus, because of, as a result, as a result of, thanks to, due to, one reason is that…, another reason is that… .6．表让步though, although, in spite of, despite, even if, even though, what/who/when/where_ever, no matter what/who/when/where7．表依次first…next…and then…finally; first…then…after that…finally.8．表并列and, or, also, as well as, too, neither…nor…; either…or…;not only…but also…; not…but… .9. 表时间afterwards, soon, later, the moment, hardly…when…; no sooner…than…; first, then, later, in the end; finally, at last, since then, immediately, suddenly, soon.10. 表总结in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in short, in brief, on the whole, in general speaking, as I have shown, as has been stated11. 表见解in my opinion, personally speaking, as far as I’m concerned12. 表条件if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that… .13. 表目的for this reason, for this purpose, so that.14.表比较in the same way, just like, just as.运用高级词汇1．20年前，唐山发生一场可怕的地震。
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常用文体的写作知识1．描写文（description）：描写文就是用生动、形象的语言把人物的状态和动作、景物的性质和特征具体地描绘出来，描写人时则刻画人物的肖像、语言、行为、心理活动及生活细节。
描写景物时则用时间与空间顺序的安排方式展开文章段落。
描写文中每一段只能表达一种思想或主题的一部分。
请读这段文章。
（由于篇幅有限，每种类型的文章只取一个段落为例。
）It was noon. The hot sun above was bright. It made the temperature rise. On the road all was quite. There were few cars to be seen. There were even fewer people about. The shops alongside the road were wide open. Their bamboo shades were rolled down to keep out the blazing sun. There was no wind at all. The pavement way, though shady, was stuffy. Even the shopkeepers seemed affected by this mid –day heat and stuffiness. They looked bored and unwilling to serve the few occasional customers.这是一段描写文。
在读文章之前要求读者带着问题阅读：①段落的中心思想是什么？②段落是采用什么方法描写的？不难发现，段落的中心思想是描写某一天中午的高温、闷热的情景。
作者采用由上到下、由远到近的空间顺序的方法描写。
文章中用火热的太阳、道路安静、车辆稀少、为挡住阳光，商店的竹窗帘落下来、店主不愿接待顾客等情景的描写生动地衬托了段落的中心思想。
2．记叙文(narration)：记叙文叙述过去发生的事情，着重写事或人。
其要素是五“何”原则，即在写作中必须交待清楚五个方面的内容：何时、何地、何人、何事以及何如。
记叙文主要是按时间顺序陈述事件，中心思想是通过陈述、举例、解释及细节来说明。
文章段落的中心思想可能是段落的任何一个句子或暗示。
请读下面题为“My 35 Years In China”记述文章的开头段落，并注意体会文章的开头方式和展开手法：There is a saying in China that “Time flies like an arrow.” When I came to China the People’s Republic of China had just been born. Today, the new China has proudly celebrated her 35 th anniversary and now stands in full splendor and looks to the world with confidence. Meanwhile time has turned me from a strong 40-year-old into a gray-haired old man. This year marks 75 th birthday as well as 35 th year that I have been living and working in China. In that time I have lived in this fascinating land and shared joys and suffering with Chinese people, so that in my old age I can proudly say “the longer I live in China, the younger my heart become.”这段文章的目的是通过时间顺序、举例对比的写作手法–––从中华人民共和国成立到如今中国面对全世界，骄傲地庆祝35周年纪念日；从一位四十岁的中年人变成了两鬓灰白的老人，感觉光阴似箭的心情。
文章的中心思想是围绕着中国生活的35年时光过得很快而写成的。
又如：一九八八年六月全国四级统考的作文，题目是：An Early Morning Walk。
这是一篇属于记叙文体裁的文章，要求学生写出“我”由起床开始到去公园以及在公园所见所闻的全过程。
在第三段中，还要求写出自己的思想，对早上安静的环境的叙述以及对公园所见的情况给以具体的描述。
见下面参考范文： An Early Morning WalkOne morning I got up early, and everything around was very quite. The sun had just risen, shining brilliantly. Everything seemed to be covered with a layer of golden silk, there were only some birds singing occasionally in the high trees. I tripped all the way toward the park, breathing the fresh air, feeling extremely happy.When I arrived at the park, I found, to my surprise, there were so many people there. Men and women, boys and girls all enjoyed themselves by various activities. Some were doing morning exercises, some were playing badminton, some old people were having their tea while talking to each other cheerfullyWalking around the park, to my delight, I found a few middle school students were talking to each other in English in the southeast corner of the park, I went to them at once and spoke to them in English, we became friends right away. I was very glad to find another opportunity to practice my spoken English. On the way home, I thought early morning walk was really helpful. Taking an early walking makes a man healthy and wise.注：（打横线的句子为段首句和段尾句。
）3．说明文（exposition）：说明文就是用言简意骇的文字向读者介绍事物的过程，讲解思想和信念，把信息展现给读者。
写说明文要掌握的要素是“什么（what）”和“为什么（why）”，即通过点明论点和阐明缘由或过程，说明事物的特点和性能，或阐明某种观念、原理或现象。
说明文包括实体事物说明文、事理说明文和文艺说明文。
请读下面一段题为“Read Good Books”的说明文章：From good reading we can derive pleasure, friendship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surrounding and even our existence. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.这是一段事理说明文，要把事情理由讲清楚。
段落的中心思想是段落的中间句Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life.其它句子都是为了衬托中心思想，要说明读书是生活中最大乐趣之一的原因。
要注意，说明文除了要掌握其空间顺序（从上到下，由外到内）、还要掌握其逻辑顺序（先因后果或先果后因）、认识顺序（由浅入深、由此及彼、由局部到整体、由现象到本质、由具体到抽象）。
这段说明文就是用读书可以使人忘掉周围一切，可以使人愉快时心情更愉快，伤心时可以减少痛苦等现象说明其本质–––读书可以使我们获得享受和满足。
又如：一九九二年六月全国四级统考的作文题目是：How I Overcame My Difficulties in Learning English.段首句是：①在英语学习中存在的困难。
②我是怎样克服困难的。
多数学生能根据所学知识较好地写出文章所给的提纲内容，从文章开头交待英语学习中有哪些困难，回答说明文what,到论及如何克服这些困难的过程，完成说明文的why 和how的阐释，内容较充实，解释清晰。
但少数学生审题失误，全文只说明了英语学习的困难是什么，却疏漏了说明文最关键的一步，即没有扣住how 的阐明，而是表决心似的大喊“今后要努力学习英语”之类的口号，导致全篇跑题。
这就要求学生在实际写作中掌握好写说明文的要点。
4.议论文（argumentation ）：议论文就是讲道理、讲是非。
一段完整的议论文是由论点、论据和论证构成的。
说明文是把信息展现给读者，那么议论文则是用信息去说服读者。