雅思小作文功能句型与范文

小作文功能句型表示上升:(1) The house price increased / grew / went up / rose / soared by *** / to ***.(2) The number of overseas students increased steadily / significantly / moderately / slightly from *** to ***.(3) The decade saw / witnessed an increase/ rise in the spending on education.(4) The consumption of chicken showed / experienced a rising / upward trend during this period.(5) There was a dramatic increase in the amount of chicken consumed.表示下降:(1) The number of Japanese tourists dropped / decreased / declined / went down / fell by *** / to ***.(2) Beef consumption has declined rapidly / significantly / sharply / steadily / moderately from *** to ***.(3) The decade saw / witnessed a decrease / decline in the spending on public service.(4) The divorce rate showed / experienced a falling / downward trend.(5) There was a slight decrease in the amount of fish consumed.“比较”表示法(1) The consumption of beef was 70 grams more / less than that of lamb.(2) Women spent 36 hours on housework, compared with men who spent 25 hours at home.(3) The number of visitors from France was the largest in the four countries / larger than any other countries.(4) Students who watch less television have higher scores.(5) The consumption of beef ranked first in the four foods.“倍数”表示法(1) The amount of coal consumed was three times as much as / more than that of oil.(2) The number of cars produced in factory A was three times as many as that in factory B.(3) The amount of beef consumed almost doubled / tripled, up / rising / climbing from *** to ***.(4) The percentage of female students increased four times.(5) Factory A produced three times as many cars as Factory B.表示“平稳”或者“波动”(1) The amount of water used for agriculture remained/stayed stable/steady/unchanged for 5 years in a row.(2) The unemployment rate was flat at 6%.(3) The house price stabilized at a high level from 1998 to 2000.(4) The power consumption fluctuated in this period.“极值”或者“超越”表示法(1) The proportion of migrant workers reached a record high of / a peak of 60% in 2005.(2) The birth rate peaked at 3% in 2005.(3) The rainfall in 2000 was 1500 mm, a new low / high in twenty years.(4) The consumption of chicken overtook / exceeded that of beef in 1989.“占据”表示法(1) Oil accounted for / constituted / made up 25% of the energy source used in power plants.(2) The proportion / percentage of expenditure on food was 45% in 2000.(3) Coal produced / contributed almost 75% of electricity.(4) Coal has become the fuel for more than 75% of electricity produced.例题与范文线图：(剑7-2) The graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.开头段The graph gives the information about the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken and fish consumed in a European country between 1979 and 2004.主体段：第一种写法In 1979, the consumption of beef was about 225 grams per person per week, which was the largest of these foods. The consumption of lamb and chicken was almost the same (around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed (just over 50 grams).From 1979 to 2004, the quantities of beef and lamb fell significantly to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively. By contrast, the consumption of chicken showed an upward trend, overtaking that of beef in 1989. By 2004 it had risen to almost 250 grams per person per week and chicken finally became the most popular food. There was a slight decrease in the amount of fish consumed and it remained the least popular food.结尾：To summarize / Overall / In summary, the chart shows the consumption of chicken increased significantly while that of the other three foods decreased over the period.或：It can be seen from the chart / As can be seen from the chart that ……主体段：第二种写法In 1979, the consumption of beef was about 225 grams per person per week，which was the largest of these foods. It had decreased dramatically to 100 grams by 2004. By contrast, the amount of chicken consumed was 150 grams per person per week in 1979. It had increased significantly to 250 grams by 2004, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989. Chicken finally became the most popular food.The amount of lamb consumed, which was similar to that of chicken in 1979 (around 150 grams), showed a downward trend and ended at 55 grams in 2004. There was little change in the consumption of fish (around 50 grams) and fish remained the least popular food.饼图 （剑8-2）The three charts below show the changes in annual spending by a particular UK school in 1981, 1991 and 2001.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.The pie charts demonstrate how much a UK school spent on different items in three years: 1981, 1991 and 2001.主体段：The spending on teachers’ salaries was the largest proportion, which was 40%, 50% and 45% in the year 1981, 1991 and 2001 respectively. By contrast, the proportion of other workers’ salaries fell from 28% to 22% and then to 15% in the twenty-year period.The spending of resources and books made up 15% in 1981. After rising to 20% in 1991, it experienced a sharp decline and ended at 9% in 2001. The spending on furniture and equipment showed an opposite trend, dropping three times from 15% to 5% in the first decade, but it had grown dramatically to 23% by 2001.Insurance cost remained the smallest proportion in these five items. However, it increased four times, up from 2% in 1981 to 8% in 2001.结尾段：It can be seen from the charts that the expenditure on teachers’ salaries remained the highest proportion. The cost on equipment and insurance showed a rising trend, while there was a decline in the spending on books and other workers’ salaries.表格题（剑7-1）The table below gives information on consumer spending on different items in five different countries in 2002.Country Food / Drinks/ Tobacco Clothing/ FootwearLeisure/ EducationIreland28.91% 6.43% 2.21% Italy16.36%9.00% 3.20% Spain18.80% 6.51% 1.98% Sweden15.77% 5.40% 3.22% Turkey32.14% 6.63% 4.35%The table shows how much people spent on various items in five different countries in 2002.范文主体段：It can be seen from the table that the spending on food/drinks/tobacco was much more than that on clothing/footwear and leisure/education in all five countries.Turkish people spent the highest percentage on food, drinks and tobacco (32.14%), closely followed by Irish people (28.91%). The proportion in these two countries was much higher than that in Sweden, Italy and Spain (less than 20%).Italian people spent 9.00% of their salary on clothing and footwear, while Swedish people spent only 5.40%, the lowest proportion of the five countries. The spending on this item in Turkey, Spain and Ireland was around 6.5%.The expenditure on leisure and education in Turkey was 4.35%, which was almost twice as much as the percentage in Ireland (2.21%). Conversely, Spanish people spent the lowest proportion in this item (1.98%). Swedish and Italian people spent almost the same percentage (3.2%).流程图和地图其他范文参见教材剑5-3、剑6-3和剑8-3典型地图题：The diagram below shows the development of the village of Kelsby between 1780 and 2000.The map demonstrates how the village of Kelsby developed from 1780 to 2000.In 1780, Kelsby had only 100 homes. There were four farms in the centre of the village and a large piece of woods in the east. In the west of the village was a river flowing from north to south.Between 1780 and 1860, the number of homes doubled and the farmland size was halved. The area of woods decreased dramatically. Meanwhile, a bridge was constructed over the river and a road was built to link the river and the housing area. By 2000, the number of homes had risen to 500, but farms and woods had completely disappeared. Some school buildings and sports fields were constructed in the southeastern corner of the village. A new road was built to connect the houses and the school. A few shops opened up along the riverbank and a piece of wetland for birds emerged at the southern end of the river.。