2016年高考英语 热点题型和提分秘籍 专题12 定语从句(含解析)
2016年高考英语全国卷长难句分类精析

2016年高考英语全国卷长难句分类精析浪子分析长难句是准确理解长难句的前提,是高考高分的保证。
因此,准确理解长难句是考生应掌握的必备技能。
如何分析长难句?首先找出句子的主干部分(主谓宾,或主系表),然后再理解句子的修饰、补充成分。
现将2016年高考英语全国卷中出现的长难句分类精析如下:一、主谓之间被定语从句所分隔(2016全国丙卷语法填空)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly551to479B.C.,influenced the development of chopsticks.[分析]句中that引导一个宾语从句,宾语从句的主语Confucius与谓语influenced the development of chopsticks之间被who引导的非限制性定语从句所分开。
[句意]一些人认为这位生活在公元前约551~479年的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。
二、主谓之间被复杂的同位语所分隔主谓之间被复杂的同位语(“名词+定语从句)所分隔。
如:(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D篇)Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within100miles of the South Pole in1908,started a business before his1914voyage to make money from movie and still photography.[分析]Shackleton started a business为句子主干,主语与谓语之间的a onetime British merchant-navy officer…为Shackleton的同位语;在同位语中,who had got to within100miles of the South Pole in1908是定语从句,修饰officer;before his1914voyage为时间状语,to make...是不定式短语作目的状语。
高中英语 高考语法复习:定语从句讲解及提升练习(有答案)

高中语法复习:定语从句讲解及提升练习考点一关系副词引导的定语从句1.关系代词的基本用法在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。
I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.我住在一对夫妻的隔壁,他们的孩子经常制造噪音。
2.that和which的用法区别over the world want to learn about China.《今日中国》有着全球的读者群,这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。
3.as和which的区别正如老话说的那样:“人不可貌相”。
考点二关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词的基本用法将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周,届时天气可能会更好。
Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.学生们应该参与社团活动,在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。
Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗?考点三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句1.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,介词的宾语只能用which或whom,且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。
2.“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级+of+which/whom”引导的定语从句,表示部分与整体的关系。
高考英语必考语法--定语从句详细讲解(附练习题及答案)

高考英语语法定语从句 attributive clause◆概念(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语(修饰某一名词或代词)的从句叫定语从句,一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2) 先行词:被__________修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。
(3)引导定语从句的词叫关系词 关系代词____, ______, ______, ______, _____, _______关系副词 _____, ______, ______ 在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,定语,状语)第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语、定语或状语); 第三选择合适的关系词。
考点一:关系代词引导的定语从句1.who ,whom 和whose 引导的定语从句(1)who或whom均可指代人,但who在从句中作主语或宾语,做宾语时不可以出现在介词后;whom在从句中作宾语;两者在引导限制性定语从句时可用that 替换。
作主语时,who/that不可省略;作宾语时,whom/who/that可以省略。
◆ I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school _________I met in the English speech contest last year.◆ I have many friends to _________ I’m going to send post cards.◆ The person I want to talk about with is Tu Youyou, the one ______ won theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.(2)whose表所属关系,一般指人,也可指物,在从句中作定语。
2016年高考英语语法单选归纳(定语从句)

I.定语从句起了形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用,二是在从句中担当一个成分,并与先行词保持数的一致。
关系词
先行词
从句成分
例句
备注
关系代词
who
人
主语
Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?
只用which, who, whom的情况
1.在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which指代物,用who/whom指人
2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,只能用which指物,whom指人。
3.先行词本身是that时,关系词用which,先行词为those, one, he时多用who。
1.He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.
Do you know the time when the class is over?你知道下课的时间吗?(定语从句)
It was already five o’clock when the class was over.
=When the class was over, it was already five o’clock.
Put back the book where it was.把书放回原处。(状语从句)
定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分,因此去掉它则从句成分不完整;而结果状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成分,去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。
It is such an interesting book as we all like.它是我们大家都喜欢的如此有趣的书。
2016年全国高考真题分类汇编---名词性从句和定语从句解析

2016年全国高考真题分类汇编---名词性从句高考真题解析1. (2016年北京卷)24.Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.【答案】C【解析】句意:无论你做的什么帮助,你的支持对于我们的工作很重要。
这是一个让步状从。
从句宾语helps前缺定语,故选C。
2. (2016年北京卷)29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____ one can be entirely dust.A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why【答案】B【解析】句意:在雨季最快乐的事情就是一个人可以完全的变成个泥人。
这是一个表语从句。
从句主谓宾成分完整,去掉空后依然是完整的句子,且不缺词义。
that在名词性从句中只起连接作用,不做任何成分,没有词义。
故选B。
3.(2016年江苏卷)21.It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A. whyB. whatC. asD. that【答案】D【解析】句意:对于执着于希望的人来说一切皆有可能,这是一种常见情况。
这是主语从句,it做形式主语,而真正的主语则是后面的从句,从句中主系表成分完整,且不缺词义,故选D。
主语从句常见结构It’s+形容词/名词/过去分词+that...4.(2016年天津卷)11. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.A. whetherB. thatC. whichD. what【答案】B【解析】句意:这个经理建议我们找个助手,因为有太多工作要做。
高考英语语法填空抢分热点精选精练:定语从句(含高考真题)(解析版)

高考语法填空抢分热点之定语从句养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
一、考点精讲定语从句是历年高考的热门话题。
就2022年的新高考卷I语法填空来说,更是有两个考点涉及到定语从句。
定语从句的常考点:1. 引导定语从句的关系词,尤其是关系代词2. 只用that引导定语从句(1)先行词是all,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时。
例如:Finally,the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.(最后,小偷把他偷的所有东西都交给了警察。
)(2)先行词被all,any,no,every,few,little,many,much等不定代词修饰时。
例如:I have finished reading all the books that I borrowed from the library. (我己经看完了所有从图书馆借来的书。
)(3)先行词被序数词修饰或先行词本身是序数词时。
例如:The first English book that I read was “The Prince and the Pauper”by Mark Twain.(我读的第一本英文书是马克·吐温的《王子与乞丐》。
)(4)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
例如:This is the most beautiful park that I have ever visited.(这是我参观过的最美丽的公园。
)(5)先行词中既有人又有物时。
例如:He talked about the teachers and school that he visited.(他谈到了他参观过的老师和学校。
高考定语从句考查热点分析与解题技巧点拨

高考定语从句考查热点分析与解题技巧点拨甘肃省临泽一中连世华刘发峥 734200定语从句,由关系代词或关系副词引出,顾名思义,指在主从复合句中对名词或代词起修饰限定作用,充当定语成分的从句,故又名形容词性从句。
其所修饰的名词或代词被称之为先行词。
定语从句由于具有先行词的复杂性﹑关系词的多样性以及关系词在从句中所充当成分的多变性、位置的灵活性等特点, 历年都是高考的重点和难点。
本文通过对比分析近几年高考真题,对定语从句考查的热点及解题技巧加以阐述,希望能对广大考生备战高考有所裨益。
热点一: 考查关系代词whose例1. The prize will go to the writer ______ story shows the most imagination. (2011新课标31)A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what解析:C。
本题考查定语从句,先行词为writer,此处表示作家写的故事,存在所属关系,因此用whose来引导定语从句。
句意:这个奖项会颁给所写故事展现最大想象力的作家。
解题技巧:如果空格后为名词,且和先行词构成所属关系,不论先行词是物还是人, 都用whose。
在这种情况下, 也可用 the +名词+of which(指物)或the +名词+of whom(指人)代替whose+名词,如例1中whose story相当于the story of whom。
这种变式题也是近年高考的热点。
例2. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____ had taken more than three years. (2011江西)A. for whichB. with whichC. of whichD. to which解析:C。
前后句中间有逗号,判断为非限制性定语从句;根据句意:她带领游客参观了博物馆,这家博物馆的建造历时三年多。
【AAA】答案-定语从句(2012-2016高考真题).doc

高三语法复习---定语从句考点1关系代词引导的定语从句1.[2016·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)]SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,livedfromroughlR551to479B.C.,influencedthedevelopment(develop)ofchopsticks.2.[2016·北京]IliveneRtdoortoacouple childrenoftenmakealotofnoise.3.[2016·江苏]ManRRoungpeople,mostof werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.4.[2015·安徽]SomeeRpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskillupon schooleducationdepends.5.[2015·江苏]Thenumberofsmokers, isreported,hasdroppedbR17percentinjustoneRear.6.[2015·四川]Thebooksonthedesk, coversareshinR,areprizesforus.7.[2015·重庆]HewrotemanRchildren’sbooks,nearlRhalfof werepublishedinthe1990s.8.[2015·福建]ChinaTodaR attractsaworldwidereadership, showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.9.[20RR·山东]AcompanR profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmaRseekopportunitiesabroad.10.[20RR·江西]AmongthemanRdangers sailorshavetoface,probablRthegreatestofallisfog.11.[20RR·安徽]TheeRactRear AngelaandherfamilRspenttogetherinChinawas20RR.12.[20RR·重庆]We’llreachthesalestargetsinamonth wesetatthebeginningoftheRear.13.[20RR·四川]Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren, isquiteuneRpected.14.[20RR·北京]IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarRlastweek, mRclassmatesrecommendedtome.15.[20RR·陕西]Pleasesendusalltheinformation Rouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.16.[20RR·福建]ThebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeResofthose liveswereaffected.17.[20RR·江苏]ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksaRshehasapassionforChina, heremembersstartingasearlRashischildhood.18.[20RR·山东]Thereisnosimpleanswer, isoftenthecaseinscience.19.[20RR·湖南]Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.20.[20RR·山东]FinallRhereachedalonelRisland wascompletelRcutofffromtheoutsideworld.21.[20RR·重庆]Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof arefamilRmembers.22.[20RR·天津]Wehavelaunchedanothermanmadesatellite, isannouncedintodaR’s newspaper.23.[20RR·天津]IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.24.[20RR·山东]Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.25.[20RR·大纲全国Ⅱ]Thatevening, IwilltellRoumoreaboutlater,IendedupworkingverRlate.26.[20RR·江西]BR16:30, wasalmostclosingtime,nearlRallthepaintingshadbeensold.27.[2016·四川改错]ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom’sfavorite.考点2关系副词引导的定语从句28.[2016·乙卷(全国Ⅰ)]ButmRconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomRdaRsonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,_______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermitted tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.29.[2016·天津]WewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilneRtweek, theweathermaRbebetter.30.[2015·北京]OppositeisSt.Paul’sChurch, RoucanhearsomelovelRmusic.31.[2015·陕西]AsthesmallestchildofhisfamilR,AleRisalwaRslongingforthetime heshouldbeabletobeindependent.32.[2015·天津]ThebossofthecompanRistrRingtocreateaneasRatmosphere 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moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.考点3"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句43.[2016·浙江]ScientistshaveadvancedmanRtheoriesaboutwhRhumanbeingscrRtears,noneof hasbeenproved.44.[2015·浙江]Creatinganatmospherein emploReesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.45.[20RR·天津]EnglishisalanguagesharedbRseveraldiversecultures,eachof usesitdifferentlR.46.[20RR·浙江]Thechildren,allof hadplaRedthewholedaRlong,werewornout.47.[20RR·辽宁]HemaRwinthecompetition,in caseheislikelRtogetintothenationalteam.48.[20RR·湖南]Careofthesoulisagradualprocessin eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.语法填空:Itwas Valentine’s DaR______alittleoldcouple______lookedoutofplacewalkedinto McDonald’s________manRRoungcouplewereeating.TheRwalkedrightuptothecashregister,_______theRplacedtheirorderwithnohesitationandpaid fortheirmeal.Seatedatthetablenearthebackwall,theRstartedtakingfoodoffthetraR,_________contai nsonehamburger,oneorderofFrenchfriesandonedrink.CarefullR,theoldmancutthehamburgerinhalf, 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专题12 定语从句【高频考点解读】定语从句是高考的热点,主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用,特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。
主要考点有:①关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句;②关系副词where引导的定语从句(近三年来常考查先行词是表示抽象空间概念的名词的情况);③“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句;④as引导的非限制性定语从句。
【热点题型】题型一关系代词引导的定语从句例1、You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station________ you can hire to reach your host family.A.which B.whereC.when D.as【易错剖析】本题易误选B。
原因是找错了先行词,本句中定语从句的先行词是taxis,而不是the bus station。
【提分秘籍】1.which,that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语(可省略)。
I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault.我拒绝因别人的过错而承担责任。
2.who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语(可省略)。
I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who I met in the English speech contest last year.我已与去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校的几个学生成为了好朋友。
3.whose是一个表示所属关系的词,在定语从句中作定语,of which可以代替whose指物,词序一般是名词+of which或of which+名词。
of whom可以代替whose指人,词序是名词+of whom。
The old temple whose roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修中。
4.the way后面定语从句的关系词在定语从句中,the way是一个比较特殊的先行词,当它在从句中充当方式状语时,其后的关系词可以是in which,that或省略;但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时,其后的关系词就用that或which。
The way that/which I thought of to solve this problem proves to be practical.(先行词作宾语)我想到的解决这个问题的方法证明是可行的。
I don’t like the way (that/in which) you solve the problem.(先行词作方式状语)我不喜欢你解决问题的方法。
5.非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。
【举一反三】The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.A.that B.whichC.whose D.what解析:选C。
句意:奖品将发给最能展示其想象力的故事的作者。
whose引导定语从句,且在从句中作定语,修饰story;whose story相当于the story of whom。
题型二关系副词引导的定语从句例2、Sales director is a position ________communication ability is just as important as sales skills.A.which B.thatC.when D.where【解析】选D。
本题考查定语从句。
句意:导购员是一个沟通能力和销售能力同样重要的职位。
分析题干可知a position后是一个定语从句,而该从句的引导词在从句中作地点状语,即in which=in the position=where,故选D。
在定语从句中,当position,point,case,stage,situation等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时,若定语从句中缺少状语,则用where来引导定语从句。
【易错剖析】本题容易误选B。
考生误把从句判断成同位语从句,a position和后面的从句构不成同位关系,是定语从句。
【提分秘籍】1.关系副词在定语从句中作状语,when指时间,where指地点,why指原因,在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。
Occasions are quite rare when I have time to spend a day with my kids.我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。
After graduation I’d like to find a job where I can use what I have learnt at school.毕业后我要找到一份能利用在学校所学知识的一份工作。
2.先行词是时间名词或地点名词时,如果在从句中不作状语,则不能用when或where 引导定语从句,而要用which/that。
Is this the reason (that/which) he gave us for the delay of the project?这是他给出工程推迟的原因吗?3.point,situation,case,activity等,从表面上看它们不是表地点的,但表示类似地点的意义,因此它们作先行词时,如果引导词在从句中作状语,那么这个引导词要用where;如果不作状语,则用关系代词that/which。
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves different.(where作状语)把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。
I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。
Now there is just one point that/which I wish you make quite clear.(which/that 作宾语)现在只有一点我希望你弄清楚。
【举一反三】—Where did you get such a beautiful skirt?—It was at the department store ________ we used to shop.A.that B.thereC.where D.which解析:选C。
考查定语从句和强调句的省略。
答语中包含一个定语从句________we used to shop,引导词在定语从句中作地点状语,故应用关系副词where引导该定语从句。
答语是强调句的省略形式,完整的表达为It was at the department store where we used to shop that I got such a beautiful skirt.题型三“介词”+which/whom引导的定语从句例3、Care of the soul is a gradual process ________ even the small details of life should be considered.A.what B.in whatC.which D.in which【解析】选D。
考查定语从句。
句意:对于心灵的关爱是一个渐进的过程。
在这个过程中,即使是生活的小细节也应该考虑到。
根据主从句之间的关系可知,空格处所填词引导定语从句,且在从句中作状语,所以选D项,in which指代in the process。
【易错剖析】本题易误选A。
what在任何情况下都不能引导定语从句。
【提分秘籍】1.与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。
In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个她可以求助的人。
2.与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。
Patience,without which you can’t do the work well,is a kind of quality.耐心是一种品质。
没有了耐心,你不能做好工作。
3.of+which/whom表示所属关系。
(表所属关系也可用whose)Recently I bought an ancient vase,the price of which(=whose price) was very reasonable.最近我买了个古代的花瓶,它的价钱很合理。
【举一反三】Miami and Oklahoma City,both of ________ were the last two undefeated teams in the NBA this season,lost for the first time on January 3rd,2012.A.whom B.themC.which D.those解析:选C。
句意:迈阿密热火队和俄克拉荷马雷霆队于2012年1月3日首次败北,它们都是NBA这个赛季最后保持完胜战绩的球队。
此处是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“Miami and Oklahoma City”,故用which。
题型四 as引导的定语从句例4、It is the third time that she has won the race, ________ has surprised us all.A.that B.whereC.which D.what【易错剖析】本题容易误选A。
that不能引导非限制性定语从句,更不能指代整个句子。
【提分秘籍】1.as引导的限制性定语从句用在the same...as,such...as,as...as,so...as结构中, as可以作主语、宾语或表语,可以用来代替先行词。
They could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.他们只能读类似这样的一些简易英语改写的故事。
(as作主语)He is not the same man as he was.他和过去不同了。