【精准解析】广东省广州海珠区中山大学附属中学2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试化学试题
中大附中2019-2020学年第二学期期中考试化学试卷第一部分客观题（60分）一、单项选择题（本题共20小题，每题3分，共60分）1.近期微博热传的“苯宝宝表情包”是一系列苯的衍生物配以相应的文字形成的(如图所示)。
这两图所代表的物质分别为（）苯宝宝装个纯(醇)苯宝宝多虑(氯)了A.醇、卤代烃B.酚、芳香烃C.醇、芳香烃D.酚、卤代烃【答案】D【解析】【详解】是苯酚，属于酚；是卤代烃，故D符合题意。
综上所述，答案为D。
2.对下列烯烃的命名，正确的是()A.2－甲基－2－丁烯B.2，2－二甲基－1，3－丁二烯C.2－甲基－3－戊烯D.2－乙基－1－丙烯【答案】A【解析】【详解】A．符合烯烃命名原则，主链最长，编号和命名符合规则，A正确；B．2，2－二甲基－1，3－丁二烯的有机物不存在，B错误；C．双键和支链位置编号有误，应为4－甲基－2－戊烯，C错误；D．主链不是最长碳链，应该命名为2－甲基－1－丁烯，D错误；答案选A。
3.苯有多种同系物，其中一种的结构简式为，则它的名称为（）A.2，4-二甲基-3-乙基苯B.1，3-二甲基-2-乙基苯C.1，5-二甲基-6-乙基苯D.2-乙基-1，3-二甲基苯【答案】B 【解析】【详解】以苯为母体，将苯环上最简单的取代基(甲基)所连的碳原子编为“1”号，然后顺时针或逆时针编号，使取代基位置编号之和最小，则该有机物的名称为1，3-二甲基-2-乙基苯。
答案选B。
4.有机物CH 3CH 2CH(CH 3)CH 2CH 3的一氯代物有（）A.3种 B.4种C.5种D.6种【答案】B 【解析】【详解】有机物有对称性，有4种位置的氢，一氯代物有4种，故B 符合题意。
综上所述，答案为B。
5.以下分子中，可能共平面的原子数最多的是？（）A.B.C.D.【答案】B 【解析】【详解】可能共平面的原子数最多有5个；可能共平面的原子数最多有7个；可能共平面的原子数最多有5个；可能共平面的原子数最多有6个；因此可能共平面的原子数最多的是，故B 符合题意。
综上所述，答案为B。
6.在核磁共振氢谱中出现两组峰，其面积之比为3：2的化合物是（）A.B.C. D.【答案】D 【解析】【详解】A.核磁共振氢谱中出现两组峰，其面积之比为3：1，故A 不符合题意； B.核磁共振氢谱中出现三组峰，故B 不符合题意；C.核磁共振氢谱中出现三组峰，故C 不符合题意；D.核磁共振氢谱中出现三组峰，其面积之比为3：1，故D 符合题意。
综上所述，答案为D。
【点睛】判断核磁共振氢谱中出现几组峰时先找对称轴，根据等效氢来分析。
7.二甲醚CH 3OCH 3和乙醇CH 3CH 2OH 是同分异构体，其鉴别可采用化学方法及物理方法，下列鉴别方法中不能对二者进行鉴别的是（）A.元素分析B.质谱C.红外光谱法D.核磁共振氢谱【答案】A 【解析】【详解】A.元素分析，都为C、H、O 三种元素，无法用元素分析仪鉴别，故A 符合题意；B.二者的相对分子质量虽然相同，但二者的质谱图不同，可用质谱仪鉴别，故B 不符合题意；C.红外光谱法确定有机物中的化学键和官能团，二甲醚与乙醇中的化学键、官能团不同，可鉴别，故C 不符合题意；D.核磁共振氢谱，前者有两种氢谱，后者有三种氢谱，能鉴别，故D 不符合题意。
综上所述，答案为A。
8.下列各组物质中，只要总质量一定，不论以任何比例混合，完全燃烧生成的二氧化碳和水的质量也总是定值的是（）A.丙烷和丙烯B.乙烯和环丙烷C.乙炔和丁烯D.甲烷和乙烷【答案】B【解析】【分析】总质量一定，不论以任何比例混合，完全燃烧生成的二氧化碳和水的质量也总是定值，即各物质间碳氢个数比相同。
【详解】A.丙烷中N(C):N(H)=3:8，丙烯中N(C):N(H)=1:2，两者碳氢个数比不相同，故A 不符合题意；B.乙烯中N(C):N(H)=1:2，环丙烷中N(C):N(H)=1:2，两者碳氢个数比相同，故B符合题意；C.乙炔中N(C):N(H)=1:1，丁烯中N(C):N(H)=1:2，两者碳氢个数比不相同，故C不符合题意；D.甲烷中N(C):N(H)=1:4，乙烷中N(C):N(H)=1:3，两者碳氢个数比不相同，故D不符合题意。
综上所述，答案为B。
9.下列化合物中，既能发生消去反应生成烯烃，又能发生水解反应的是ClA.CH3B.C.D.【答案】B 【解析】【详解】卤代烃均能发生水解反应，选项中的四种物质均为卤代烃；卤素原子所连碳原子的邻位碳原子上连有氢原子的卤代烃能发生消去反应。
C、D 项中的两物质卤素原子所连碳原子的邻位碳原子上均没有相应的氢原子，A 中无邻位碳原子，不能发生消去反应。
故B 正确；故选B。
10.下列物质中可使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色，不能使溴水褪色的是()A.甲烷B.乙烯C.乙醇D.苯【答案】C 【解析】【详解】A.甲烷既不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色、也不能使溴水褪色，A 不选；B.乙烯中含碳碳双键，既能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色，又能使溴水褪色，B 不选；C.乙醇具有还原性，能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色，不能使溴水褪色，C 选；D.苯不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色，苯会将溴水中的Br 2萃取到苯层中、水层褪色，D 不选；答案选C。
11.等量的下列物质，分别与Na 2CO 3溶液反应，产生CO 2气体的体积在标况下最大的是（）A. B.C. D.【答案】A 【解析】【详解】1mol 含有2mol 羧基，与Na 2CO 3溶液反应生成1molCO 2气体；1mol 含有1mol 羧基，与Na 2CO 3溶液反应生成0.5molCO 2气体；1mol 不含羧基，不与Na 2CO 3溶液反应；1mol 不含羧基，含酚羟基，与Na 2CO 3溶液反应，但不生成CO 2气体；因此等量的有机物产生CO 2气体量最多是选项A，故A 符合题意。
综上所述，答案为A。
【点睛】—COOH 与少量碳酸钠反应生成二氧化碳，与碳酸氢钠溶液反应生成二氧化碳，与氢氧化钠溶液反应，酚羟基与氢氧化钠、碳酸钠反应，不与碳酸氢钠反应。
12.香草醛又名香兰素，是食品和药品的重要原料，其结构简式如图所示。
下列有关香草醛的说法中不正确的是（）A.香草醛可以发生银镜反应B.在一定条件下1mol 香草醛可以与4molH 2反应C.香草醛遇FeCl 3溶液可变色D.香草醛可与NaOH 溶液反应，也可与NaHCO 3溶液反应【答案】D 【解析】【详解】A.香草醛含有醛基，可以发生银镜反应，故A 正确；B.香草醛含有苯环和醛基，能与氢气发生加成反应，因此在一定条件下1mol 香草醛可以与4molH 2反应，故B 正确；C.香草醛含有酚羟基，遇FeCl 3溶液可变色，故C 正确；D.香草醛含有酚羟基，可与NaOH 溶液反应，但不能与NaHCO 3溶液反应，故D 错误。
综上所述，答案为D。
【点睛】能发生银镜反应的是含有醛基的物质或甲酸酯；酚羟基遇FeCl 3溶液变紫色。
13.下列说法正确的是（）A.硬脂酸甘油酯是天然高分子化合物B.葡萄糖在酒化酶催化下，可以水解为乙醇，这是酿酒的原理C.浓的硫酸钠溶液加入鸡蛋清中，蛋白质变性而凝聚D.“离离原上草，一岁一枯荣”，小草富含纤维素，可以用来造纸【答案】D 【解析】【详解】A.硬脂酸甘油酯属于油脂，但不是高分子化合物，故A 错误；B.葡萄糖在酒化酶催化下，反应生成乙醇，但不是水解，故B 错误；C.浓的硫酸钠溶液加入鸡蛋清中，蛋白质盐析而凝聚，故C 错误；D.“离离原上草，一岁一枯荣”，小草富含纤维素，可以用来造纸，故D 正确。
综上所述，答案为D。
14.泛酸和乳酸均易溶于水并能参与人体代谢，结构简式如下图所示。
下列说法不正确．．．的是泛酸乳酸A.泛酸分子式为C 9H 17NO 5B.泛酸在酸性条件下的水解产物之一与乳酸互为同系物C.泛酸易溶于水，与其分子内含有多个羟基易与水分子形成氢键有关D.乳酸在一定条件下反应，可形成六元环状化合物【答案】B 【解析】【详解】A.根据泛酸的结构简式，可知分子式为C 9H 17NO 5，故A 正确； B.泛酸在酸性条件下的水解出，与乳酸中羟基个数不同，所以与乳酸不是同系物，故B 错误；C.泛酸中的羟基与水分子形成氢键，所以泛酸易溶于水，故C 正确；D.2分子乳酸在一定条件下反应酯化反应，形成六元环状化合物，故D 正确；选B。
【点睛】本题考查有机物的机构和性质，重点是掌握常见官能团的结构和性质，肽键在一定条件下水解，羟基、羧基一定条件下发生酯化反应，正确把握同系物的概念。
15.下列实验中，能达到相应实验目的的是（）A.制备并收集乙酸乙酯B.除去甲烷中的乙烯C.验证溴乙烷的消去产物是乙烯D.分离乙醇和乙酸A.AB.BC.CD.D【答案】A 【解析】【详解】A.反应物是乙酸、乙醇，浓硫酸作催化剂和吸水剂，用饱和碳酸钠溶液接受乙酸乙酯，故A 符合题意；B.酸性高锰酸钾与乙烯反应生成二氧化碳，因此不能用酸性高锰酸钾除掉甲烷中的乙烯，只能用溴水或溴的四氯化碳除掉，故B 不符合题意；C.乙醇易挥发，乙醇也能被酸性高锰酸钾氧化而溶液褪色，因此不能验证消去产物为乙烯，故C 不符合题意；D.乙酸和乙醇是互溶的不能用分液来分离，故D 不符合题意。
综上所述，答案为A。
【点睛】检验甲烷中的乙烯用溴水或酸性高锰酸钾溶液；除掉甲烷中的乙烯用溴水。
16.甲、乙、丙三种有机化合物的键线式如图所示。
下列说法错误的是A.甲、乙的化学式均为C 8H 14B.乙的二氯代物共有7种（不考虑立体异构）C.丙的名称为乙苯，其分子中所有碳原子可能共平面D.甲、乙、丙均能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色【答案】D 【解析】【分析】A．根据结构简式判断；B．乙的二氯代物中两个氯原子可在相同或不同的C 原子上；C．苯为平面形结构，结合三点确定一个平面分析；D．乙与高锰酸钾不反应。
【详解】A．由结构简式可知甲、乙的化学式均为C 8H 14，故A 正确；B．乙的二氯代物中两个氯原子可在相同或不同的C 原子上，如在不同的C 上，用定一移一法分析，依次把氯原子定于-CH 2或-CH－原子上，共有7种，故B 正确；C．苯为平面形结构，碳碳单键可以旋转，结合三点确定一个平面，可知所有的碳原子可能共平面，故C 正确；D．乙为饱和烃，与酸性高锰酸钾溶液不反应，故D 错误。
故选D 。
17.工业上可由异丙苯（）催化脱氢得到2-苯基丙烯（），下列关于这两种有机化合物的说法正确的是（）A.都是苯的同系物B.都能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色C.苯环上的二氯代物都有6种D.分子内共平面的碳原子数均为8【答案】C 【解析】【详解】A.2-苯基丙烯不是苯的同系物，A 错误；B.异丙苯不能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色，B 错误；C.采用定一移一法，可得出异丙苯、2-苯基丙烯苯环上的二氯代物都有6种，C 正确；D.异丙苯分子中与苯环相连的碳原子为饱和碳原子，其所连的4个原子一定不在同一平面上，所以分子内一定共平面的碳原子数为7个，D 错误；故选C。
广东省中山大学附中2019-2020学年高二下学期期中线上数学试题
21. 某学校科技节需要同学设计一幅矩形纸板宣传画，要求画面的面积为 右各留 空白.
（如图中的阴影部分），画面的上、下各留 空白，左、
（1）如何设计画面的高与宽的尺寸，才能使整个宣传画所用纸张面积最小？ （2）如果按照第一问这样制作整个宣传画，在科技节结束以后，这整个宣传画纸板可再次作为某实验道具，并要求从整个宣传画板的四个角各 截取一个相同的小正方形，做成一个长方体形的无盖容器.问截下的小正方形的边长（也就是该容器的高）是多少时，该容器的容积最大？
A．4
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5. 已知函数
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广东省中山大学附中2019-2020学年高二下学期期中线上数学试题
B．最小值为
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是它的极大值点
6. 若 A． C．
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7. 若离散型随机变量 的分布列如下，则 的最大值为( )
19. 已知函数
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（1）求此函数的极大值，并请直接写出此函数的零点个数；
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广东省中山大学附中2019-2020学年高二下学期期中线上数学试题
20. 某社团现有5名女生，5名男生，其中3名学生来自同一个班，另外7名学生分别来自不同的班级.现要随机选3名学生参加活动. （1）求“选出的3名学生中，至多有2名来自同一班级”的概率； （2）设选出的3名学生中女生的人数为随机变量 ，求 的分布列.
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的展开式中二项式系数最大的项只有第6项，则展开式的各项系数的绝对值之和为( )
2019-2020学年广州市海珠区高二(下)第一次段考物理试卷(有解析)
2019-2020学年广州市海珠区高二(下)第一次段考物理试卷一、单选题（本大题共8小题，共48.0分）1.如图所示是验证楞次定律实验的示意图，竖直放置的线圈固定不动，将磁铁从线圈上方插入或拔出，线圈和电流表构成的闭合回路中就会产生感应电流．各图中分别标出了磁铁的极性、磁铁相对线圈的运动方向以及线圈中产生的感应电流的方向等情况，其中正确的是()A. B. C. D.2.如图所示，L1、L2、L3是完全相同的灯泡，L为直流电阻可忽略的自感线圈，开关S原来接通，当开关S断开时，下面说法正确的是(不考虑电源内阻)()A. L1立即变亮B. L2闪亮一下后恢复原来的亮度C. L3变暗D. L3变暗一下后恢复原来的亮度3.正三角形硬质金属框abc固定在纸面内，空间存在方向垂直于纸面且随时间变化的有界匀强磁场，磁场边界MN与金属框ac边平行，如图甲所示。
以垂直纸面向里为磁场的正方向，磁感应强度随时间的变化关系图象如图乙所示，则下列说法正确的是()A. 0～t0时间内和t0～2t0时间内金属框中的感应电流方向相反B. 0～2t0时间内，金属框中的感应电流方向始终为a→b→c→aC. 0～2t0时间内，金属框中感应电流的方向和大小始终不变D. 0～2t0时间内，金属框所受安培力的方向和大小始终不变4.一矩形线圈在匀强磁场中绕垂直于磁场的轴匀速转动，穿过线圈的磁通量随时间变化的图象如图甲所示，则下列说法中正确的是()A. t=0时刻线圈平面与中性面垂直B. t=0.02s时刻，线圈磁通量的变化率达最大C. t=0.01s时刻，瞬时电流达到最大D. 该线圈相应的交流电动势图象如图乙所示5.如图所示，两条电阻不计的平行光滑金属导轨竖直放置在磁感应强度为0.5T的匀强磁场中．导体棒动ab、cd长度均为0.2m，电阻均为0.1Ω，重力均为0.1N.现用力向上拉动导体棒ab，使之匀速上升(导体棒ab、cd与导轨接触良好，且始终与导轨垂直)，此时cd静止不动．则ab上升时，下列说法正确的是()A. ab受到的拉力大小为2NB. ab向上运动的速度为2m/sC. 2 s内拉力做功为0.6JD. 2 s内有0.8J的机械能转化为电能6.某交流发电机的线圈在匀强磁场中匀速转动时，磁通量Φ随时间t变化的关系如图所示，则下列说法正确的是A. t=0时刻，线圈平面与中性面平行B. 1s内线圈中感应电流方向改变50次C. t=0.015s时刻，线圈中的感应电流最大D. t=0.01s时刻，图像的切线斜率为40πWb/s7.如图所示，理想变压器原、副线圈的匝数比为n1：n2=1：20，原线圈接入u=311sin100πt(V)的交流电，下列说法正确的是()A. 图中电压表的示数为6220 VB. 通过R1的电流的频率为100HzC. 若减小R2，则原线圈中电流I1增大D. 若增大R2，则R3消耗的电功率减小8.在如图甲所示的电路中，D为理想二极管(正向电阻为零，反向电阻为无穷大).R1=30Ω，R2=60Ω，R3=10Ω.在MN间加上如图乙所示的交变电压时，R3两端电压表的读数大约是()A. 5VB. 4VC. 3.5VD. 3V二、多选题（本大题共4小题，共24.0分）9.如图所示，金属导轨上的导体棒ab在匀强磁场中沿导轨做下列哪种运动时，铜制线圈c中将有感应电流产生且被螺线管吸引()A. 向右做匀速运动B. 向左做减速运动C. 向右做减速运动D. 向右做加速运动10.如图所示，竖直固定的“”形光滑导轨宽为0.5m，矩形匀强磁场Ⅰ、Ⅱ的高和间距均为0.1m，磁场的磁感应强度大小均为1T，其他区域无磁场。
2019-2020学年广州市海珠区中山大学附属中学高二(下)期中考试化学试卷
2019-2020学年广州市海珠区中山大学附属中学高二（下）期中考试化学试卷考试时间：75 分钟一、单项选择题（本题共 20 小题，每题 3 分，共 60 分）1. 近期微博热传的“苯宝宝表情包”是一系列苯的衍生物配以相应的文字形成的(如图所示)苯宝宝装个纯(醇) 苯宝宝多虑(氯)了A.醇卤代烃 B2、对下列烯烃的命名，正确的是（）A．2-甲基-2-丁烯 B．2,2-二甲基-1,3-丁二烯 C．2-甲基-3-戊烯 D．2-乙基-1-丙烯3、苯有多种同系物，其中一种结构简式为，则它的名称为（）A．2，4-二甲基-3-乙基苯B．1，3-二甲基-2-乙基苯C．1，5-二甲基-6-乙基苯D．2-乙基 1，3-二甲基苯4、有机物 CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 的一氯代物有（）A．3 种 B．4 种 C．5 种 D．6 种5、以下分子中，可能共平面的原子数最多的是（）A. B. C. D.6、在核磁共振氢谱中出现两组峰，且峰面积之比为 3∶2 的化合物是（）7、二甲醚 CH3OCH3 和乙醇 CH3CH2OH 是同分异构体，其鉴别可采用化学方法及物理方法，下列鉴别方法中不能对二者进行鉴别的是（）A．元素分析 B．质谱 C．红外光谱法 D．核磁共振氢谱8、下列各组物质中，只要总质量一定，不论以任何比例混合，完全燃烧生成的二氧化碳和水的质量也总是定值的是（）A．丙烷和丙烯 B．乙烯和环丙烷 C．乙炔和丁烯 D．甲烷和乙烷9、下列化合物中，既能发生消去反应生成烯烃，又能发生水解反应的是（）10、下列物质中可使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色，不能使溴水褪色的是（）A. 甲烷B. 乙烯C. 乙醇D. 苯11、足量的下列物质，分别与等量的Na2CO3溶液反应，产生CO2气体的体积在标况下最大的是（）A. B. C. D.12、香草醛又名香兰素，是食品和药品的重要原料，其结构简式如下所示。
下列有关香草醛的说法中不正确的是（）A.香草醛可以发生银镜反应B.在一定条件下 1 mol 香草醛可以与 4 mol H2 反应C.香草醛遇 FeCl3 溶液可变色D.香草醛可与 NaOH 溶液反应，也可与 NaHCO3 溶液反应13、下列说法正确的是（）A.硬脂酸甘油酯是天然高分子化合物B.葡萄糖在酒化酶催化下，可以水解为乙醇，这是酿酒的原理C.浓的硫酸钠溶液加入鸡蛋清中，蛋白质变性而凝聚D.“离离原上草，一岁一枯荣”，小草富含纤维素，可以用来造纸14．泛酸和乳酸均易溶于水并能参与人体代谢，结构简式如下图所示。
广东省广州市广大附属实验学校2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试物理试卷
2019-2020学年广东省广州市广大附中高二下学期期中考试物理试卷本试卷共15小题，满分100分，考试时间75分钟一、单选题（6小题，每题4分，共24分）1.关于原子核内部的信息，最早来自天然放射现象，人们从破解天然放射现象入手，一步步揭开了原子核的秘密，下列说法正确的是A 法国物理学家贝克勒尔发现了X射线B 德国物理学家伦琴发现，铀和含铀的矿物能够发出α射线C 卢瑟福用α粒子轰击氮原子核，发现了质子D 居里夫人通过实验发现了中子2.在2019年5月17号，我国在西昌卫星发射中心用长征三号运载火箭，成功发射第45颗北斗导航卫星。
北斗系统中有三种轨道，如图所示，其中第一种是GEO轨道即地球静止同步轨道；第二种是IGSO轨道即倾斜的地球同步轨道，周期与地球自转周期相同；第三种是MEG轨道即中圆轨道。
下列说法正确的是A GEO轨道上的卫星相对于地面静止，卫星处于平衡状态B GEO轨道上的卫星和IGSO轨道上的卫星周期相同，动能也相同C MEG轨道上的卫星运行速度比GEO轨道上的卫星运行速度小D IGSO轨道上的卫星运行时的加速度比赤道上物体随地球自转时的加速度大3.如图所示，地面上固定有一半径为R的半圆形凹槽，O为圆心，AB为水平直径、现将小球（可视为质点）从A处以初速度v1水平抛出后恰好落到D点，若将该小球从A处以初速度v2水平抛出后恰好落到C点，C、D两点等高，OC与水平方向的夹角θ=60°，不计空气阻力，则下列说法正确的是A v1：v2=1:4B 小球从开始运动到落到凹槽上的过程中，其两次的动量变化量相同C 小球落在凹槽上时，其两次的重力瞬时功率不同D 小球落到C点时，速度方向可能与该处凹槽切面垂直4.如图1所示，线圈ab中通有如图2所示的电流，电路从a到b为正方向，那么在0-t0这段时间内，用丝线悬挂的铝环M中产生感应电流，则A 从左向右看感应电流的方向为顺时针B 从左向右看感应电流的方向为先顺时针后逆时针C 感应电流的大小先减小后增加D 感应电流的大小一直减小5.某实验小组模拟远距离输电的原理图如图所示，A、B为理想变压器，R为输电线路的电阻，灯泡L1、L2规格相同，保持变压器A的输入电压不变，开关S断开时，灯泡L1正常发光，则A 仅将滑片P上移，A的输入功率不变B 仅将滑片P上移，L1变暗C 仅闭合S，L1变亮D 仅闭合S，A的输入功率变小6.如图a所示，光滑绝缘水平面上有甲、乙两个带电小球，t=0时，甲静止，乙以6m/s的初速度向甲运动，它们仅在静电力的作用下沿同一直线运动（整个运动过程中没有接触），它们运动的v-t图像分别如图b中甲、乙两曲线所示。
2019-2020学年广东省珠海市高二下学期期末学业质量检测数学试题 解析版
广东省珠海市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末学业质量检测数学试题一、选择题（共12小题）.1．设z＝，则|z|＝（）A．B．C．2 D．52．函数f（x）＝的定义域为（）A．（1，+∞）B．（0，+∞）C．（﹣∞，0）∪（0，+∞）D．（﹣∞，1）∪（1，+∞）3．曲线C：y＝﹣x3+3x2在点（1，2）处的切线方程是（）A．y＝2x B．y＝3x﹣1 C．y＝3x+5 D．y＝﹣3x+5 4．已知随机变量X～N（6，1），且P（5＜X＜7）＝a，P（4＜X＜8）＝b，则P（4＜X ＜7）＝（）A．B．C．D．5．甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学排成一排，要求甲不能站排头，乙不能站排尾，满足这种要求的排法有（）A．15种B．14种C．13种D．12种6．已知随机变量X的分布列是，X123P a 则E（2X+a）＝（）A．B．C．D．7．已知函数f（x）满足f'（2）＝3，则＝（）A．B．C．6 D．38．（1+x）8展开式中系数最大的项为（）A．72x4B．70x4C．72x5D．70x59．在吸烟与患肺病这两个分类变量的计算中，下列说法正确的是（）附：独立性检验的临界值表：P（K2≥0.150.100.050.0250.0100.0050.001k0）k0 2.072 2.706 3.841 5.024 6.6357.87910.828 A．若K2的观测值k＝6.635，我们有99%的把握认为吸烟与患肺病有关系，那么在100个吸烟的人中必有99人患有肺病B．从独立性检验可知有99%的把握认为吸烟与患肺病有关系时，我们说某人吸烟，那么他有99%的可能性患有肺病C．从统计量中求出有95%的把握认为吸烟与患肺病有关系，是指有5%的可能性使得判断出现错误D．以上三种说法都不正确10．某产品生产厂家的市场部在对4家商场进行调研时，获得该产品售价x（单位：元）和销售量y（单位：件）之间的四组数据如表：售价x4 4.5 5.56销售量y1211109用最小二乘法求得y与x之间的线性回归方程y＝﹣1.4x +，那么方程中的值为（）A．16.5 B．17 C．17.5 D．1811．直角梯形OABC中AB∥OC、AB＝1、OC＝BC＝2，直线l：x＝t截该梯形所得位于l 左边图形面积为S，则函数S＝f（t）的图象大致为（）A ．B ．C．D．12．汉代数学家赵爽在注解《周髀算经》时给出的“赵爽弦图”是我国古代数学的瑰宝．如图所示的弦图中，由四个全等的直角三角形和一个正方形构成．现有五种不同的颜色可供涂色，要求相邻的区域不能用同一种颜色，则不同的涂色方案有（）A．180 B．192 C．480 D．420二、填空题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.13．已知z1＝a+3i，z2＝2+bi，（a，b∈R）且z1和z2为共轭复数，则ab＝．14．若（3x+）n展开式二项式系数之和为32，则展开式中含x3项的系数为．15．已知某人每次投篮投中的概率均为，计划投中3次则结束投篮，则此人恰好在第5次结束投篮的概率是16．已知函数f（x）＝x2e x，则f′（x）＝．17．已知f（x）＝lnx﹣ax在（1，+∞）上单调递减，则a的取值范围为．18．已知随机变量X～B（10，0.3），则D（X）＝．19．已知函数f（x）＝，则f（）+f（）+f（）+…+f（）+f（1）+f（2）+…+f（2018）+f（2019）+f（2020）＝．20．已知定义在实数集R的函数f（x）满足f（1）＝4且f（x）导函数f′（x）＜3，则不等式f（lnx）＞3lnx+1的解集为．三、解答题：本题共5小题，每小题满分为10分，共50分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.21．已知f（x）＝是奇函数．（1）求实数a的值；（2）判断函数f（x）的单调性（只写出判断结果，不需要证明）．22．已知函数f（x）＝x3+x2﹣x+1，（1）求f（x）的单调区间；（2）若x∈[﹣2，2]，求f（x）的值域．23．为了解某班学生喜爱打篮球是否与性别有关，对本班50人进行了问卷调查得到了如下的列联表：喜爱打篮球不喜爱打篮球合计男生5女生10合计50已知在全部50人中随机抽取1人抽到喜爱打篮球的学生的概率为．（1）请将上面的列联表补充完整（不用写计算过程）；（2）能否在犯错误的概率不超过0.005的前提下认为喜爱打篮球与性别有关？说明你的理由；（3）现从女生中抽取2人进一步调查，设其中喜爱打篮球的女生人数为ξ，求ξ的分布列与期望．下面的临界值表供参考：P（K2≥k）0.150.100.050.0250.0100.0050.001 k 2.072 2.706 3.841 5.024 6.6357.87910.828（参考公式：K2＝，其中n＝a+b+c+d）24．珠海国际赛车场（简称ZIC）位于珠海经济特区金鼎镇．创建于1996年，是中国国内第一座符合国际汽车联盟一级方程式标准的国际级赛车场．目前该赛事已打造成集赛车竞技运动、汽车文化极致体验、主题休闲度假为一体的超级汽车文化赛事娱乐综合体．为了减少对环境的污染，主办方委托环保部门清理现场垃圾．某环保部门租用了特制环保车清洁现场垃圾．通过查阅近5年参会人数x（万人）与所需环保车辆数量y（辆），得到如下统计表：参会人数x（万人）11981012所需环保车辆y（辆）2823202529（1）根据统计表所给5组数据，求出y关于x的线性回归方程y＝x+；（2）已知租用的环保车平均每辆的费用C（元）与数量t（辆）的关系为C＝．主办方根据实际参会人数为所需要投入使用的环保车，每辆支付费用6000元，超出实际需要的车辆，主办方不支付任何费用．预计本次赛车会大约有14万人参加，根据（Ⅰ）中求出的线性回归方程，预测环保部门在确保清洁任务完成的前提下，应租用多少辆环保车？获得的利润L是多少？（注：利润L＝主办方支付费用﹣租用车辆的费用）．参考公式：＝＝，＝﹣．25．已知a为实数，函数f（x）＝ln（x+a）在x＝1处的切线与直线y＝x+2020平行．（1）求a的值；（2）证明：≤f（x）≤x．参考答案一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。
2019-2020学年中山大学附属中学高三英语下学期期末考试试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年中山大学附属中学高三英语下学期期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AStaying-at-home proves to be effective in slowing the spread of the virus, but loneliness can be tough for many. Luckily, in the age of social media, we are never truly alone. And with the extra time spent indoors, artists are stepping up to help us all with the following clubs.Drawing from Distance by Sarah Beth MorganLet’s shine some light during this trying time and encourage social distancing! I’m starting this tomorrow myself — but from what I offer, take whatever you please. No rules! Just have fun!Stayathome Art Club byCarsonEllisHello! I’ll be posting art homework here every weekday morning when I can. They’ll be designed for kids and grownups alike. Here is your first homework: Draw a picture of yourself from the shoulders up. You can follow some useful examples. If you want to share or see other people’s self-picture, use these hashtags: #Stayathomeartclub# QACselfportrait30-Day indoor Art by Danielle KrysaOne month of avoiding crowds? I’m in! I challenge you to use this time inside to make one piece every day from now until mid April. Please join me in playing around with some painting ideas that have been rolling around in my head but haven’t found their way onto paper yet. Stay at home, make art, save someone’s life.DIY from Illustoria MagazineWe have been so inspired to see our community come together to provide easy art projects for families during this stay-at-home-time! DIY is actually a fantastic way tosparkyour imagination without breaking a sweat. A video every day will teach you how to DIY something.1. What do we know about Sarah Beth Morgan?A. She is a strict artist.B. She aims at training more artists.C. She prefers to work at home office.D. She will provide a wide range of choices.2. What are you expected to do if you join Stayathome Art Club?A. Hand in homework every day.B. Share other people’s pictures.C. Draw a picture of yourself.D. Show up in person occasionally.3. What does “spark”in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Set off.B. Set down.C. Set aside.D. Set about.BA student had to get his long hair cut off in a middle school in GuangDong Province. It was talked a lot among teachers and students.In fact, all schools have their own rules. In most schools, boy students are not allowed to have long hair while girls are not allowed to dye their hair. And most school rules say that students should wear their school uniforms at school. And students must obey these rules so that they can get healthy development at school.But some students have disagreements. They think that boy students having long hair doesn't mean that they are not good students. They want to show their own personality. They think that they would look cool too if they had long hair and the hairstyles like their favorite stars.A girl student thought that she would look much more beautiful if she had brown hair. So she had her dark hair dyed brown one day. When she went back to school the next day, the teacher was very angry with her. She said that she worked hard at her lessons and did well in every subject. She just didn't know why the teacher didn't allow her to dye her hair while women teachers can.It is not wrong for teenagers to love stars' hairstyles or wear their favorite clothes. However, a school has its own rules for all the students to obey so that the school can be in good order. Students should not break the rules at school.4. What aren't boy students allowed to do in most middle schools according to this passage?A. To have long hair.B. To wear uniforms.C. To like famous stars.D. To show their own personalities.5. Why did the girl make her hair brown?A. Because she wanted to be cool.B. Because she thought that she would look much more beautiful.C. Because she wanted to make her teacher angry.D Because women teachers dyed their hair.6. What does the writer think of these school rules?A. The students should be against them.B. They are bad for students.C. They can make schools in good order.D. They can't make students grow healthily.7. What is the passage mainly about?A. Hair styles and clothes.B. Schoolboys and schoolgirls.C. Students and famous stars.D. School rules.COwning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death, according to a comprehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports.The scientists followed 3.4 million people over the course of 12 years and found that adults who lived alone and owned a dog were 33 percent less likely to die during the study than adults who lived alone without dogs. In addition, the single adults with dogs were 36 percent less likely to die from heart disease.“Dog ownership was especiallyprominentas a protective factor in persons living alone, which is a group reported previously to be at higher risk of heart disease and death than those living in a multi-person household,” Mwenya Mubanga, a Ph.D. student at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, and the lead junior author of the study, said in a statement announcing its findings. The link between dog ownership and lower mortality(死亡率)was less pronounced in adults who lived either with family members or partners, but still present, according to the study. “Perhaps a dog may stand in as an important family member in the single households,” Mubanga added. “Another interesting findingwas that owners of dogs which were intended originally for hunting were most protected.”The study, which is the largest to date on the health relations of owning a dog, suggested that some of the reasons dog owners may have a lower risk of mortality and heart disease were because dog owners walk more. “These kind of epidemiological (流行病学的)studies look for associations in large populations but do not provide answers on whether and how dogs could protect their owners from heart disease,” Tove Fall, a senior author of the study and a professor at Uppsala University, said in a statement“We know that dog owners in general have a higher level of physical activity, which could be one explanation to the observed results,” Fall added. “Other explanations include an increased well-being and social contacts or effects of the dog on the bacterial microbiome(微生物菌群) in the owner.” Fall added that because all participantsof dog owners in Sweden or other “European populations with similar culture regarding dog ownership.”8. Why did the researchers do the study related to 3.4 million people’s health and the dogs?A. To help Europeans,B. To find their association.C. To protect unhealthy adults.D. To reduce risk of heart disease.9. What does the underlined word “prominent” probably mean in Para.3?A. Universal.B. Confusing.C. Appealing.D. Important10. What’s the main idea of the text?A. Adults living with dogs are less likely to die.B. Swedish people are very fond of animal pets.C. Keeping a dog is a popular and healthy hobby.D. Owning dogs reduces the risk of heart disease.11. What’s the writer’s attitude towards owning a dog?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Objective.D. Contradictory.DPhotographer Rebecca Douglas has always been fascinated by the night sky. Her love for stars has taken theU.K.resident on “star walking” trips toIcelandand into theArctic, where she steps out onto darkened trails to capture twinkling stars and glowing planets in her images.Hiking at night isn’t uncommon. Plenty of people hike after dark to get to campsites or watch the sunrise from a mountaintop. Star walking goes a step further by blending hiking with stargazing. Rather than heading to an observatory or setting up a telescope in your backyard,star walking takes you on a brief journey to look at the stars from different viewpoints.Whether you’re in the mountainside or by the lake with stars reflecting on the water, star walking is often much more dynamic than traditional stargazing.What’s more, star walking is good for you. There are plenty of studies that show the health benefits of being in nature. Spending at least two hours a week outdoors, particularly while engaging in what involves “effortless attention”, can decrease blood pressure, heart rate, and stress levels.So how does an aspiring star walker get started? It doesn’t take much more than a sturdy pair of boots.While telescopes and binoculars obviously have their uses, people are encouraged to start with naked-eye stargazing. Using only the eyes allows one to get lost in the infinite expanse of space and lets the mind go.It is advised that one read up on the night sky before heading out. Free mobile apps, such as Star Walk 2, can help identify celestial bodies（天体）and are easy to use—simply point your phone at the sky to reveal a map. Websites like Sky & Telescope and NASA’s Space Place cover the basics, have in-depth explanations on stars, and offer advice on equipment. Space Place posts monthly skywatching updates, so you can plan outings around events such as meteor showers.In the United States, national parks are great options for inexperienced night hikers. Many offer guided outings that explain the importance of protecting night skies. Those with a good number of walks under their belt may want to try GlacierNational Park in Montana.If national parks and other dark-sky designated areas are out of range, check local astronomy clubs and observatories for guided sessions. Sites like the International Astronomical Union are useful for finding resources by area.At the end of the day, the best advice is to take it slow and enjoy the journey.“With all of the chaos（混乱）that’s happening around us, the one constant has been the night sky,” explains Douglas, who hasbeen exploring popular places nearby, long after the crowds have gone home for the day. “Walking is quite a mindful way of looking up and being reminded that, although everything feels so different, some things are still the same.”12. According to the passage, star walking refers to ________.A. going to an observatoryB. looking at stars in mountainsC. combining hiking and stargazingD. setting up a telescope in the backyard13. One of the reasons why people go on a star walking is that _______.A. it’s easier to identify celestial bodiesB. it is good for physical and mental healthC. they can enjoy the journey without crowdsD. they can raise awareness of protecting night skies14. According to the passage, a star walking beginner is advised to _______.A. prepare a pair of strong bootsB. start by observing with telescopesC. join an astronomy club or an observatoryD. find guided outings with the help of mobile apps15. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.A. excite people’s interest in star walkingB. recommend some places for star walkingC. explain the health benefits of star walkingD. introduce the preparations for star walking第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省广州中学2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试物理(选考)试题含答案
A．裂变，核燃料为铀
B．聚变，核燃料为铀
C．裂变，核燃料为氘
D．聚变，核燃料为氘
2．一个氢原子从 n＝3 能级跃迁到 n＝2 能级，该氢原子
A．吸收光子，能量增加
B．吸收光子，能量减少
C．放出光子，能量增加
D．放出光子，能量减少
3．气体内能是所有气体分子热运动动能和势能的总和，其大小与气体的状态有关，分子热
C．热量不能自发地由低温物体传递到高温物体
D．任何热机都不可能使燃料释放的热量完全转化为机械能
9．下列说法正确的是( )
A．当 r>r0 (平衡距离)时,分子力随分子间距的增大而减小 B．晶体有规则的几何外形，非晶体没有固定熔点
C．液体的表面张力有使液体表面面积收缩到最小的趋势
D．绝对湿度相同的情况下，夜晚的相对湿度比白天大
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136 54
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14.（3 分）若元素 A 的半衰期为 2 天，元素 B 的半衰期为 3 天，则相同质量的 A 和 B，经 过 12 天后，剩下的质量之比 mA∶mB = ______ 15.（6 分）一矩形线圈匝数为 N，在匀强磁场中以与磁场方向垂直的对称轴匀速转动，产生
A．当用频率为 2 0 的单色光照射该金属时，一定能产生光电子 B．当用频率为 2 0 的单色光照射该金属时，所产生的光电子的最大初动能为 h 0
C．当照射光的频率 大于ν0 时，若 增大，则逸出功增大 D．当照射光的频率 大于ν0 时，若 增大一倍，则光电子的最大初动能也增大一倍
2019-2020学年广州市海珠区中大附中高二(下)期中化学试卷(含答案解析)
2019-2020学年广州市海珠区中大附中高二(下)期中化学试卷一、单选题（本大题共18小题，共54.0分）1.常温常压下为无色液体，而且密度大于水的是()A. 乙醇B. 一氯甲烷C. 溴苯D. 乙酸乙酯2.下列有关烷烃的说法中，不正确的是()A. 在烷烃的分子中，所有的化学键均为单键B. 烷烃的结构简式都可以写成C n H2n+2的形式C. 随分子中碳原子数的增多，烷烃的沸点逐渐升高D. 甲烷是含氢量最小的烷烃3.下列有机物命名不正确的是()A. 2−甲基−2−氯丙烷B. 3−乙基−1−丁烯C. 1，4−二甲苯D. 2−甲基丙烯4.下列说法正确的是()A. 等质量的乙炔和苯完全然烧生成水的质量不相等B. 乙烯分子中所有原子共平面C. 甲醛(HCHO)和乙二醛(OHC−CHO)互为同系物D. 和互为同分异构体5.已知C—C单键可以绕键轴旋转，其结构简式可表示为的烃，下列说法中正确的是()A. 分子中至少有4个碳原子处于同一直线上B. 该烃的一氯代物最多有4种C. 分子中至少有10个碳原子处于同一平面上D. 该烃是苯的同系物6.下列有机物的命名正确的是A. 2—乙基戊烷B. 1，2—二甲基己烷C. 2—甲基—4—乙基庚烷D. 2，3—二乙基—4—甲基己烷7.有机物CH3−CH=CHCl能发生的反应有()①取代反应②加成反应③消去反应④使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色⑤聚合反应⑥与AgNO3溶液反应生成白色沉淀．A. 以上反应均能发生B. 只有⑥不能发生C. 只有⑤不能发生D. 只有②不能发生8.下列关于有机物的叙述中①乙烯、聚氯乙烯和苯分子中均含有碳碳双键②苯、油脂均不能使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色③氯苯分子中所有原子都处于同一平面④甲苯苯环上的一个氢原子被−C3H6Cl取代，形成的同分异构体有9种．⑤一定条件下，乙酸乙酯、葡萄糖、蛋白质都能与水发生水解反应⑥⑦一定条件下，完全燃烧14g含氧质量分数为a的乙烯、乙醛混合气体，生成水的质量为18(1−a)g其中全部不正确的是()A. ①③⑥⑦B. ③④⑤⑥C. ①②④⑤D. ①⑤⑥⑦9.把一块镁铝合金投入到1mol/L HCl溶液里，待合金完全溶解后，往溶液里加入1mol/L NaOH溶液，生成沉淀的物质的量随加入NaOH溶液体积变化的关系如图A所示．下列说法不正确的是()A. A图中a的取值范围为0≤a<50B. A图中n(Mg)的最大值为2.5n(Al)C. 若将关系图改为B图时，则a的取值范围为80<a<90D. 若将关系图改为C图时，则a的取值范围为67.5<a<8010.贝诺酯具有抗风湿、解热镇痛作用，其结构简式如图，下列说法正确的是()A. 贝诺酯可与水任意比互溶B. 贝诺酯完全水解后能得到3种物质C. 1mol贝诺酯最多可与9molH2发生加成反应D. 贝诺酯可发生取代反应、消去反应和聚合反应11.下列说法中，不正确的是()A. 不饱和脂肪酸能使溴水褪色B. 医疗上用75%的酒精消毒是因为其能使蛋白质变性C. 鸡蛋清溶液滴入浓硝酸微热有黄色沉淀生成D. 淀粉和纤维素互为同分异构体12.香叶醇是合成玫瑰香油的主要原料，其结构简式如下：下列有关香叶醇的叙述正确的是()A. 香叶醇的分子式为C10H18OB. 不能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色C. 不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色D. 能发生加成反应不能与金属钠反应13.室温下进行下列实验，根据实验操作和现象所得到的结论正确的是()选项实验操作和现象结论某溶液中加入Ba(NO3)2溶液，产生白色沉淀，再加入足量稀盐A原溶液中有SO42−酸，仍有白色沉淀向X溶液中滴加几滴新制氯水，振荡，再加入少量KSCN溶液，X溶液中一定含有Fe2+ B溶液变为红色加热盛有少量NH4HCO3固体的试管，并在试管口放置湿润的红NH4HCO3显碱性C色石蕊试纸，试纸变蓝D加热用砂纸打磨过的铝箔，铝箔熔化但不滴落Al2O3的熔点高于AlA. AB. BC. CD. D14.汉黄芩素是传统中草药黄芩的有效成分之一，对肿瘤细胞的杀伤有独特作用。
2019-2020学年广州市中山大学附属中学高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年广州市中山大学附属中学高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFind Your Chicago Architecture TourChicago is known around the world for its architecture. Whether you tour downtown or a neighborhood, our guides will tell you the stories behind the buildings.Must-see ChicagoMust-see Chicago is a fast-paced, 90-minute tour to Chicago featuring(以…为特色) some of its most famous buildings, including the Wrigley Building, Tribune Tower and more! Get a brief overview of more than a dozen buildings—as well as Chicago landmarks like Millennium Park, the Loop and the Chicago River.Duration: 1.5 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC membersArchitecture HighlightsDiscover the exciting diversity(多样性) of Chicago architecture, which traces the city’s development from its founding through present day. We cover about 30 miles of Chicago design, passing through the Loop and the Gold Coast, as well as Hyde Park and other areas of the South Side. We’ll see two university campuses and several parks.Duration: 3.5 hoursPrice: $ 55 public, free for CAC membersHistoric Treasures of Chicago’s Golden AgeLearn about the great architectural landmarks of Michigan Avenue and State Street, with views inside beautiful buildings from the 1890s〜1930s. The most memorable parts include the amazing interiors(内部) of the Palmer House Hotel and the Chicago Cultural Center.Duration: 2 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC membersElevated Architecture: Downtown “L” TrainExplore Chicago’s amazing architecture from the unique view of elevated trains and station platforms. Learnthe history behind the famous “L” system and hear how it has shaped the development of buildings within the Loop. The city’s first elevated train started making trips in 1892. Now considered one of Chicago’s most wonderful features, the “L” offers impressive views of downtown.Duration: 2 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC members1.Which tour can you choose if you want to see Millennium Park?A.Must-see Chicago.B.Historic Treasures of Chicago’s Golden AgeC.Architecture Highlights.D.Elevated Architecture：Downtown “L” Train.2.When visiting Architecture Highlights, a couple should pay ______.A.$55B.$ 110C.$ 165D.$ 2203.What can you see on the third tour?A.The Chicago River.B.The Gold Coast.C.The elevated trains.D.The Palmer House Hotel.BThe United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) included on December 17, 2020 China's Tai Chi on the Representative List of the Intangible（无形的）Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The decision was announced during the online meeting of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage held from December 14 to19 inKingston, capital ofJamaica.“Born in the mid-17th century in a small village named Chenjiagou located in Central China's Henan province, Tai Chi is not only a kind of traditional Wushu integrated with slow movements and deep breathing, but is also deeply rooted in many areas of Chinese culture, such as medicine and philosophy,”Zhu Xianghua says, who is the son of the famous Tai Chi master Zhu Tiancai.Although it has spread to more than 150 countries and regions, attracting more than 100 million people to practice, the idea that Tai Chi is for the elderly has stopped many young people practicing the ancient Wushu. They think of it as a slow exercise, which is specially made and better suited for their grandparents. Instead, many young people are turning to the Indian practice of yoga（瑜伽）to relieve stress, which was placed on the UNESCO's List in 2019.In order to promote Tai Chi, joint efforts have been made from individuals and the Chinese government in thelast decades. Xi'an Jiaotong University requires students to learn Tai Chi. Wang Yunbing, a professor in the university's sports center, stressed that Tai Chi is not only good physical exercise-researchers from the American College of Rheumatology find that it can help manage several diseases but is also conned ted to ancient Chinese eivilization. Since 2014, the World Tai Chi Championships have been held every two years by the International Wushu Federation. It provides a platform for communication and learning between the Tai Chi masters and Tai Chi lovers around the globe. In January 2020, Tai Chi became an official event in the 2026 Dakar Youth Olympic Games.4. What does Zhu Xianghua say about Tai Chi in paragraph 2?A. It originated from fast Kung Fu action.B. It was born around the 1750s in a village.C. It is related to other cultural fields ofChina.D. It integrates Chinese medicine and western philosophy.5. Why do some young people choose to practice yoga instead of Tai Chi?A. They think it easier to practice yoga to keep fit.B. The elderly stop young people practicing Tai Chi.C. They consider Tai Chi is custom-built for old people.D. Yoga was included in the world culture earlier than Tai Chi.6. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph?A. To promote contemporary Chinese civilization.B. To show many efforts made to popularize Tai Chi.C. To stress the importance of Chinese Tai Chi masters.D. To advise people to practise Tai Chi to cure diseases.7. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Tai Chi Steps on the UNESCO's List.B. Tai Chi isCompeting against Yoga.C. Tai Chi Has Regained populate Globally.D. Opinions Greatly Differ on Tai Chi and Yoga.CFor our official holidays, like the National Holiday, many people'd like to go on a visit to some places of interest. Yesterday our class had a heated discussion about whether we should travel during holidays.One man'smeat is another man's poison.Some students are for it. They think visitors can enjoy a good variety of scenery. Facing glorious(壮丽的) touristattractions, travelers may well broaden their eyes. At the same time, they can keep fit by walking on foot, and taste different delicious food that they can't get in their own hometowns. What's more, travelling can make a contribution to our economy development, mainly to the local economy development. Most travelers need to buy tickets to go to their destinations, thus traffic department will earn money. Travelers also need to sleep and eat, thus local hotels and restaurants also share benefits. Paying admission(门票费) benefits local governments. As for native farmers, they can benefit from selling local specialities to many travelers. In this case, money circulation(货币流通) is speeded up.On the other hand, other students are against it. They believe it's a waste of money. Some famous places of interest are too crowded, while those smaller ones are not worth visiting. Travelling may cause traffic jams here and there. What's worse, due to travelling here and there, there exist some accidents on the road. Besides, it's known that travelling can also pollute the local environment. In order to reduce air and waste pollution, people should have a rest to the full, reading books or watching TV at home. Recently, many have been afraid of being infected with COVID-19 in particular.As far as I am concerned, travelling is a good choice to spend holidays. And the government should take some measures to solve the existing problems. More policemen should be on duty to deal with accidents in time. Can we make a small change to the period when people don't have to go to work in some provinces? Let's take the example of the National Holiday, if some provinces of our country spend this holiday mainly in late September, with the National Day coming to an end, rather than in earlyOctober, most famous places of interest will not become crowded. At the same time, visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely here and there. Last but not least, never should we travel when there is a pandemic(大流行病，瘟疫). It's our duty to prevent its spread.8. What does the underlined sentence “One man's meat is another man's poison” in this passage mean?A. Some persons like meat, while others don't.B. Different persons taste meals differently.C. A man mistakes meat for poison.D. Different persons have different opinions on one thing.9. How do travelers contribute to our economy development?A. They buy all kinds of tickets.B. They walk, sleep, eat and meet native farmers.C. They speed up money circulation by spending money on transport, accommodations(膳宿), specialities and admission.D. They only enjoy visiting many glorious tourist attractions.10. Which sentence of the following is not true?A. There's a need for more policemen.B Some provinces can change the date of an official holiday completely.C. Visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely.D. People should never travel when there is a pandemic.11. What the author's attitude to travel during holidays?A. He doesn't show his opinion.B. He doesn't agree at all.C. He supports unconditionally.D. He supports and makes some suggestions.DThe world's largest iceberg is floating toward South Georgia in the southernAtlantic Ocean. Scientists fear the iceberg could crash into the island and block major feeding areas for a large population of penguins and seals. If the iceberg hits the island, it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies.The huge iceberg is named A68a. It broke away fromAntarctica's Larsen C Ice Shelf in 2017. Satellite images show the iceberg has remained in one piece. It is estimated to be about 150 kilometers long and 48 kilometers wide. It is traveling at one kilometer per hour and is on a path to hitSouth Georgiain around 30 days.This is the time of year when seals and penguins spend a lot of time caring for their young. The distance that parents have to travel to find food is crucial. That means they have to go a lot further or go around the iceberg to find sources of food.Ecologists say an iceberg crash would also disturb materials settled on the seabed, possibly polluting the surrounding seas. As the iceberg melts, it would also release large amounts of fresh water into the ocean. This could affect krill（磷虾）populations that are a major source of food for the island's wildlife. The iceberg could remain for up to 10 years and change the area's whole ecosystem. These are globally significant populations of these species. If these species fail in this particular area, then the numbers globally are going to go down quite dramatically.Professor Geraint Tarling, an ecologist at the British Antarctic Survey, said, "The breaking off of icebergs fromAntarcticais a natural process. But the process is changing with climate change. What we're seeing withmodels and some observations now is that this is happening at an increasing rate. And so, this might become more of a usual thing in the future."12. Why are the scientists worried about the coming iceberg crash?A. It will bring extremely cold weather.B. It will destroy the feeding areas of the animals.C. It will put wildlife on the island at risk of starving.D. It will prevent animals from moving to other places.13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The characteristic of the iceberg.B. The importance of the iceberg.C. The traveling speed of the iceberg.D. The forming process of the iceberg.14. What damage can an iceberg crash bring according to paragraph 4?A. Using up much fresh water.B. Polluting the surrounding farms.C. Changing the world's ecosystem.D. Affecting the number of certain species.15. How does Tarling think of the breaking off of icebergs fromAntarctica?A. It may slow down in the near future.B. It may become common in the future.C. It has a great influence on the climate.D. It helps scientists conduct a sea study.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年广州市中山大学附属中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年广州市中山大学附属中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you are looking for recommendations on biographies(传记) that will educate you, comedies that will make your belly ache or stories that present the unique challenges women face every day, read on.“Pride and Prejudice”by Jane AustenA classic thatnever gets old. Set in ruralEnglandin the early 19th century, this tale centers around the Bennet family, a family of five daughters and their two parents who are desperate to find at least one of the daughters a wealthy match. Austen’s story focuses on the tension between marrying for love instead of just for power and fame, and also the unique pressure on women to find financial security by way of marriage at the time.“Women in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the WorldWomen in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World”by Rachel IgnotofskyIt is a sweetly illustrated and educational book that highlights the contributions of 50 women in the fields of technology, science, engineering and mathematics, from present day all the way back to 360 AD.“Good Night Stories for Rebel GirlsGood Night Stories for Rebel Girls”by Elena FavilliIt tells the stories of female heroes from years ago and present day. With color1 portraits and biographies that are short and sweet, this book is a page-turner for anyone wanting to learn about influential women in the past and present.“Becoming”by Michelle ObamaWe wouldn’t be able to write this list without including Michelle Obama’s memoir. “Becoming” has the former FLOTUS discussing her childhood, family, motherhood, her own FLOTUS impact, the pressures of being part of the first Black family in the White House and balancing her public life now. And of course she writes all about meeting her husband and the many unique challenges they faced too.1. What didthe Bennetsintend to do?A.To marry their daughters to rich men.B.To lessen pressure on their daughters.C. To help their daughters marry for true love.D. To make their daughters financially independent.2. Whose book will attract a teen interested in science?A. Jane Austen’s.B.Rachel Ignotofsky’s.C.Elena Favilli’s.D.Michelle Obama’s.3.What do the four books have in common?A.They are all classics.B.They are all biographies.C.They are all related to the female.D. They are all about heroes.BGrowing up as kids we are told to share our toys and notto be selfish. We also live in an age when discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? With new crazes trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a carpet as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?“Oversharing” has become associated with social media, but it isn'texclusiveto this platform. Imagine you head to a party and meet x k w someone. Within five minutes they have revealed private details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage advisor Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this translate to social media?Dr. Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology (网络心理学），says the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. It seems that searching for sympathy by oversharing is generally considered as negative rather than the cry for help it could really be.However, Dr. Hand's research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become-provided that the posts that we bang out are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We should also avoid showing off, especially about our love lives. It makes sense-if your date is going “that well", would you really have time to share a photo with text?So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaints about your lack of money really are too much.4. What does the underlined word “exclusive" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Unique.B. Similar.C. Relevant.D. Fundamental.5. Why do some people prefer oversharing at parties?A. To draw others' attention.B. To satisfy others' curiosity.C. To remove negative feelings.D. To develop good relationships.6. Which of the following may Dr. Hand agree with?A. Sharing more details online can attract more sympathy.B. Oversharing negative experiences is equal to crying for help.C. Sharing negative posts can't help one become socially attractive.D. Oversharing isn't likely to happen online when things go wrong.7. According to the text, what should be avoided for online sharing?A. Reflecting on past bad manners.B. Showing a great many expensive goods.C. Writing a recipe for a balanced breakfast.D. Recording unforgettable moments with friends.CToo much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn andeven reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.A second study ,looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood.But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don't ride out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人）may watch lots of TV.Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages5 and 15. These with college degrees had watch an averageof less than two hours of TV per week night during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2.5 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest whilethose with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to increasing findings that children shouldn't have TVs in their bedrooms.8. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might _________.A. have had computers in their bedroomsB. not be interested in mathC. be unable to go to collegeD. have watched a lot of TV9. What is the researchers' understanding of the New Zealand study results?A. Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV.B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest.C. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain.D. TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds.10. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A. TV sets shouldn't be allowed in children's bedrooms.B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV.C. More time should be spent on computers.D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done11. What would be the best title for this text?A. Computers or TelevisionB. Effects of Television on ChildrenC. Studies on TV and College EducationD. Television and Children's Learning HabitsDMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to thewebsite Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.12. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous13. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition14. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.15. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chilies第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。