(通用版)2018高考英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 Unit 4 Sharing教师用书 新人教版选修7
Unit 4 SharingⅠ.写作单词——会拼写1．relevant adj. 有关的；切题的2．remote adj.遥远的；偏僻的3．otherwise conj. 否则；不然adv. 用别的方法；其他方面4．purchase vt.& n. 买；购买5．adjust vi.&vt. 调整；(使)适合→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n. 调整；调节6．participate vi. 参与；参加→participant n. 参加者，参与者→participation n. 参加；参与7．click v. (使)发出咔嗒声n. 咔嗒声8．donate vt.捐赠→donation n. 捐赠；捐献9．voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→voluntarily adv. 自愿地；无偿地10．politics n. 政治(学)→political adj.政治的；政党的→politically adv. 政治上11．distribute vt.分配；分发→distribution n. 分配；分发；分布状态12．operate vi.&vt. 工作；运转；操作→operation n. 操作；手术→operator n. 操作人员；接线员Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记13．privilege n．特权；特别优待14．toast vt.烤(面包等)；敬酒n. 烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯15．arrange v. 安排；排列16．clinic n. 门诊部；小诊所高频短语——会默写1．hear from 接到……的信2．(be)dying to 极想；渴望3．the other day 不久前的一天4．be relevant to 和……有关5．participate in 参与……；参加……6．dry out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透7．dry up (指河流、井等)干涸8．in need 在困难中；在危急中9．come across 遇见10．stick out 伸出精讲4个考纲单词adjust vi.&vt.调整；(使)适合[教材原句]The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.小屋内很黑，因此眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。
(1)adjust sth.to sth. 调整……以适应……adjust to sth./doing sth. 适应于(做)……adjust oneself to 使自己适应于……(2)adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应make an adjustment to 对……作出调整①However，I think that you will quickly adjust to them although the weather and the food are different from yours.(2014年天津高考·书面表达) 然而，虽然天气、食物与你以往有所不同，我相信你会很快适应的。
【导学号：30892165】②Some schools will have to make adjustments (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.(2015年江苏高考·单项填空)一些学校将不得不作出调整，以便和国家足球改革保持一致。
participate vi.参与；参加[经典例句] We all feel honoured if you can participate in the activity with us.(2017年石家庄一模·书面表达)如果你能与我们一起参加这项活动我们都感到很荣幸。
(1)participate with sb.in sth. 与某人分担……；同某人一起参与某事participate in sth./doing sth. 参加(做)某事(2)participant n. 参加者；共享者participation n. 参与；分担；共享①You should participate with your friend in his sufferings.你应当分担朋友的苦恼。
②All the participants (participate)in the debate will have an opportunity to speak.所有参加辩论的人都有机会发言。
privilege n．特权；特别优待[教材原句]It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe's family.能与汤贝一家一起度过一天的时间真是莫大的荣幸。
(1)It is a privilege to do sth. 有幸做某事have the privilege to do/of doing sth.＝have the right to do sth. 有做某事的特权(2)privileged adj.享有特权的；荣幸的；幸运的①Ladies and gentlemen，I have the great privilege of introducing(introduce)our speaker for tonight.女士们、先生们，我很荣幸地向大家介绍今晚的发言人。
【导学号：30892166】②We consider ourselves privileged (privilege)to have been invited to give a speech here.我们认为被邀请到这里作演讲深感荣幸。
operate vi.工作；运转；动手术；起作用 vt.操作；经营[经典例句] The car parks operate a payasyouleave system.这些停车场按“离开时付费”的收费方式运作。
[一词多义] 写出下列句中operate的词性和含义①People were trapped between floors because the lift didn't operate properly.vi.运转②No matter which machine he operates，he will deal with it carefully.vt.操作③If the doctor had operated on him earlier，he wouldn't have died.vi.动手术④The medicine will operate in ten minutes. vi.起作用⑤The people operating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment. vt.经营(1)operate on sb. 给某人动手术(2)operation n. 运转；手术come/go into operation 开始工作/运转；生效put sth.into operation 实施/施行……⑥It's reported that the local government will put the new law into operation (operate)next month.据报道当地政府将于下个月实施这部新法律。
诠释2个核心短语(be) dying to 极想；渴望[经典例句] Firstly，as a student who is dying to learn knowledge，it is necessary to build an effective method in your study.首先，作为一名渴望学习知识的学生，你在学习中有必要形成一种有效的学习方法。
(1)be dying/thirsty for sth. 渴望得到某物(2)be anxious/eager to do sth./for sth.＝long to do sth./for sth. 想要……；渴望……①The child wants to return to school because he is thirsty for knowledge.那个孩子想回到学校，因为他渴望获得知识。
②Mike is eager to stay(stay) away from the busy city life for a while.迈克渴望离开繁忙的城市生活一段时间。
in need 在困难中；在危急中[经典例句] As the saying goes，“A friend in need is a friend indeed”．俗话说：“患难见真情”。
in need of 需要There is no need for sth. 不需要某物There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事①Deeds are better than words when people are in need of help.当人们需要帮助时，行动比话语更好。
②There's no need for you to be concerned about his future.你没有必要担心他的未来。
突破2个高考句型(教材P29)We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。
句中from where引导的定语从句修饰a ridge。
在“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句中，关系词常为which和whom；关系副词where 和when之前一般不加介词，比较特殊的有from where和since when。
①Alice stood at the window，from where she could watch her classmates playing football.艾丽斯站在窗户旁边，从那里她可以观看同学们踢足球。
18版高考英语大一轮复习第1部分模块复习方略Unit4Earthquakes课件1
使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产 毁掉自己；自取灭亡
ruin one's health/fame/future/pleasure 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途/好心情
①The bad weather has ruined all my pleasure for the holiday. 糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。 ②The old farm has long been abandoned and come to ruin. 这家旧农场很早就已废弃了，成了废墟。 ③A village once so attractive was brought to ruin. 一个曾经那么美好的一个村庄被毁掉了。
to ruin (破产)． companies ________ ruins our health (毁坏 ④As is known to us，heavy smoking _______________
我们的健康)．
3．bury vt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心，使沉浸；隐藏 [ 经典例句] After finishing my homework，I wandered into
[ 妙辨异同] 指毁坏某种好的或者有用的东西，意为“使毁灭； ruin 崩溃；弄糟”。用作名词，意为“毁灭；瓦解；废 墟”，构成词组 in ruins“破败不堪” 指一定程度的损坏或损失，部分是可以修复的，可 damage 用作动词或名词。 作名词表示抽象的“损坏； 破坏” 时为不可数名词，构成词组 do/cause damage to sb./sth。 destroy 指彻底的、 毁灭性的破坏， 一般不可修复， 常作“破 坏；毁灭”讲。也可以指希望、计划等的破灭
Ⅱ.根据提示完成小片段 ④听到这个假消息，女孩突然哭了起来，并闯进了屋子。 院子里的每个人都听到了一阵哭声。然而一些人却乐不可支。
(通用版)2018高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit4Earthquakes课件新人教版必修1
电；电流；电学
22．shock vt.&vi. n. 23．disaster n. 24．shelter n. 25．reporter n.
(使)震惊；震动 休克；打击；震惊
灾难；灾祸
掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
记者
高频短语——会默写 1． right away 立刻；马上
精讲 5 个考纲单词 burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n．突然破裂；爆发 [教材原句] In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。
(1)burst in/into burst out crying/laughing (2) burst into tears/laughter burst with anger/joy (3)a burst of
2． think little/nothing of 以为……没什么了不起 3． at an end 4． in ruins 5．
dig out
结束；终结 严重受损；破败不堪 掘出；发现
6． a(great) number of 7． be proud of 8． judging from 9． be trapped in 10． be buried in
许多；大量的 以……而自豪 从……判断 陷入 埋头于
教材原句——会背诵 1.In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(too...to 意为“太……而不 能……” ，表示否定意义。)
通用版2018版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit4Publictransport教师用书
Unit 4 Public transportⅠ.写作单词——会拼写1．convey vt. 运送，输送；表达2．via prep. 经由，经过(某一地方)；通过，凭借3．postpone vt. 延迟，延期4．undertake vt.& vi.承担，从事；承诺，答应5．arise vi. 出现，产生6．cycle v. 骑自行车→cyclist n. 骑自行车的人7．fortune n. 幸运，财富→fortunate adj. 幸运的→unfortunately adv. 遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地8．believe v. 相信→believable adj. 可信的→unbelievable adj. 非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的9．large adj. 大的→enlarge vt.& vi.扩大，扩展，增大10．grow v. 长大，生长→growth n. 增加，增长；成长，生长11．reserve v. 预订，预约，保留，储备→reservation n. 预订，预约；保留意见12．punctual adj.准时的，守时的→punctually adv. 准时地，守时地13．violate vt. 违犯，违反；侵犯→violation n. 违反14．load n. 负荷，负载；大量，许多vt. 装载，装上，装入→download vt. 下载→upload vt. 上传15．cross vt. 穿过→crossing n. 人行横道；十字路口，交叉点；穿越vt. 穿过16．annual adj. 每年的，一年一次的→annually adv. 每年地，年度地17．drink v. 喝→drunk adj. 喝醉的n. 醉汉，酒鬼18．enquire v. 询问，打听→enquiry n. 询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究19．receive vt. 接待，招待→receptionist n. 接待员→reception n. 接待处Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记20．authority n．权力，权威；官方，当权者；批准，授权21．anniversary n. 周年纪念日22．split vi.& vt.分割，(使)分开；撕开，割破23．departure n. 离开，出发；背离，违反24．timetable n. 时间表，时刻表25．interval n. 间隔，间隙26．choke vi.& vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；塞满，堵塞n. 哽咽声，呛住的声音27．aggressive adj.好斗的，挑衅的，富于攻击性的高频短语——会默写1．drop off 中途下客或卸货2．link up 联合，连接3．put through 给某人接通(电话)；使经历4．decide on/upon 决定，选定5．put off 推迟，推延；使反感6．turn up 出现，到来；调高(音量等) 7．fill in 填写(表格)；消磨(时间)8．split up 分组，分解；分离9．speed up (使)加速10．arise from 起因于，由……引起教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用1.So，why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today？(“why not＋动词原形”表示“为什么不……”，常用来提出建议) 1.天气多好啊！为什么不出去散散步呢？What pleasant weather！out for a walk？2.Below are some of the major causes ofroad accidents in connection with vehicles such as cars，minibuses and lorries，and what drivers should do to prevent them.(本句是完全倒装句) 2.山顶上有一座古庙。
高三英语复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 Unit 4 Helping people around t
（通用版）2018版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit 4 Helping people around the world课后分层集训牛津译林版选修6编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（（通用版）2018版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit 4 Helping people around the world课后分层集训牛津译林版选修6）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为（通用版）2018版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit 4 Helping people around the world课后分层集训牛津译林版选修6的全部内容。
课后分层集训Unit 4 Helping people around the worldⅠ.阅读理解A（2017·海南五校高三模拟)How many girls in this world fall behind？The answer is hard—too many to count。
This is why the phrase “Go Get It Girl” popped_up in my head one day。
This would be my project。
Thus begins the journey of my Gold Award project，the largest and most important step of Girl Scouts(女童子军）．Go Get It Girl is a girl's self。
2018版高考英语大一轮复习教材部分基础考点讲析必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes
Unit 4EarthquakesⅠ.分类记单词快速掌握1．阅读单词——认一认(1)earthquake/ˈɜːθkweIk/n．(2)canal/kəˈnæl/ n．(3)track/træk/ n．(4)sincerely/sInˈsIəlI/ ad v.(5)headline/ˈhedlaIn/n．(6)pipe/paIp/ n．(7)disaster/dIˈzɑːstə/n．(8)shelter/ˈʃeltə/ n．(9)reporter/rIˈpɔːtə/ n．答案：(1)地震(2)运河；水道(3)轨道；足迹；痕迹(4)真诚地；真挚地(5)报刊的大字标题(6)管；导管(7)灾难；灾祸(8)掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处(9)记者2．核心单词——写一写(1) /bɜːst/v i.爆裂；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发(2) /ˈruːIn/n．废墟；毁灭v t.毁灭；使破产(3) /ˈberI/v t.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏(4) /ˈdæmIdʒ/ n．&v t.损失；损害(5) /Iˈvent/n．事件；大事(6) /ˈreskjuː/n．&v t.援救；营救(7) /træp/ v t.使陷入困境n．陷阱；困境→(过去式；过去分词)(8) /ˈIndʒə/ v t.损害；伤害→adj.受伤的→n.伤口；受伤处(9) /dʒʌdʒ/ n．裁判员；法官v t.断定；判断；判决→n.判断，评价(10) /ʃɒk/ v t.&v i.(使)震惊；震动n．休克；打击；震惊→adj.令人震惊的→ad v.感到震惊的(11) /Ikˈstriːm/adj.极度的→ad v.极其；非常(12) /dIˈstrɔI/ v t.破坏；毁坏；消灭→n.破坏→adj.有破坏性的(13) /IˌlekˈtrIsətI/ n．电；电学；电流→adj.用电的，导电的→adj.与电有关的(14) /ˈfraItn/v t.使惊吓；吓唬→adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→adj.令人恐惧的(15) /kənˌɡrætʃʊˈleIʃn/n．祝贺；(复数)贺词→v t.祝贺(16) /Ikˈspres/v t.表示；表达n．快车；速递→n.表达；表情(17) /ˈsʌfərIŋ/n．苦难；痛苦→v t.&v i.遭受；忍受→n.患者；受害者(18) /dɜːt/n．污垢；泥土→adj.脏的，肮脏的答案：(1)burst(2)ruin(3)bury(4)damage(5)event(6)rescue(7)trap；trapped(8)injure；injured；injury(9)judge；judgement(10)shock；shocking；shocked(11)extreme；extremely(12)destroy；destruction；destructive(13)electricity；electric；electrical(14)frighten；frightened；frightening(15)congratulation；congratulate(16)express；expression(17)suffering；suffer；sufferer(18)dirt；dirtyⅡ.填空习短语高效识记1．right 立刻；马上2．think little/nothing 以为……没什么了不起3．an end结束；终结4．ruins严重受损；破败不堪5．dig 掘出；发现6．a (great) number 过多；大量的7．be proud 以……而自豪8．burst 破门而入9．be trapped 陷入10．be buried 埋头于11．judging 从……判断12．cut 抄近路穿过；走近路答案：1.away 2.of 3.at 4.in 5.out 6.of7.of8.into/in9.in10.in 11.from12.throughⅢ.精彩写句式典句背诵1．Mice ran out of the fields (找地方躲藏)．(现在分词短语作伴随状语)2．It seemed (仿佛到了世界末日)！(as if引导的表语从句)3．(他们无论朝哪里看) nearly everything was destroyed.(everywhere引导的状语从句)4．(不是所有的希望都破灭了)．(all...not部分否定) 答案：1.looking for places to hide 2.as if the world was at an end 3.Everywhere they looked 4.All hope was not lost1．“A→A→A”式不规则动词变化①burst burst burst爆裂，爆发②cost cost cost花费③put put put放下④hurt hurt hurt伤害⑤shut shut shut关闭2．合成名词(n.＋n.)①earthquake n．地震②bookmark n．书签③basketball n．篮球④website n．网站⑤homework n．家庭作业3．“think＋adv.＋of ”短语①think little of认为……没价值②think highly of重视；看得起③think well of重视④think poorly of轻视⑤think badly of认为……不好4．cut短语串联①cut across抄近路，走近路②cut off切断；中断③cut down削减；砍倒④cut out切断；删去⑤cut up切碎；抨击1burst v t.&v i.(使)爆裂；(使)裂开；(使)炸开；突然出现；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发[教材原句]In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。
2018版高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 重点全程攻略 Unit 4 Earthquakes限时规范特训 新人教版必修1
Unit 4 EarthquakesⅠ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)A[2017·惠州调研]Humans have been keeping animals as pets for tens of thousands of years, but Dr Jean－Loup Rault, an animal scientist at the University of Melbourne in Australia, believes new companions are coming: robot pets.“Technology is moving very fast，” Rault told ABC News, “The Tamagotchi in the early 1990s was really the first robotic pet, and now Sony and other big companies have improved them a lot.”This may not sit_well_with pet lovers. After all, who would choose a plastic W1 toy over a lovely puppy? But Rault argues that the robotic kind has a lot going for it：“You don't have to feed it, you don't have to walk it, it won't make a mess W2 in your house, and you can go on a holiday w ithout feeling guilty.” The technology also benefits those who are allergic to P1 pets, short on space, or fearful of real animals.It's not clear whether robot pets can replace real ones. But studies do suggest that we can bond with these smart W3 machines. People give their cars names and kids give their toy animals life stories. It's the same with robots. When Sony stopped its repair service for its robot dog Aibo in March 2014, owners in Japan held funerals.As an animal welfare researcher, Rault is concerned about P2 how robotic pets could affect our attitudes W4towards live animals. “If we become used to a robotic companion that doesn't need food, water or exercises, perhaps it will change how humans care about other living beings，” he said.So are dogs and cats a thing of the past, as Rault predicts? For those who grew up with living and breathing pets, the mechanical kind might not do. But for our next generation W5 who are in constant touch with smart technology, a future in which lovely pets needn't have a heartbeat might not be a far－fetched dream.篇章导读：随着科技的发展，一种新的宠物即将出现：机器人宠物。
2018版高考英语全国用大一轮复习讲义课件book 1 Unit 4 精品
burst in/into突然闯进；破门而入 burst out突然迸发；爆发；突然激动地喊叫 burst out doing...＝burst into＋n.突然做某事 burst with anger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支
层级训练
基础知识训练——[完成句子] (1)他恼羞成怒，都要气炸了。 He felt he would burst with anger and shame. (2)当校车抵达动物园时，汽车的门突然打开，孩子们冲了出去。 When the school bus arrived at the zoo，the bus door burst open and
all the children rushed out. 写作能力提升——[同义句改写] (3)Hearing the interesting story，all the people present burst into laughter. Hearing the interesting story，all the people present burst out laughing .
语境活用 [运用上述短语完成片段] One night，everything began to shake，with the pipes burst and the
electricity cut off.An earthquake struck the city and it seemed as if the world was 1. at an end (结束).
vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动 8. trap vt.使陷入困境
n.陷阱；困境
9. bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 10. reporter n.记者 11.congratulation n.祝贺
精选通用版2018高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit4Sharing教师用书新人教版选修7
Unit 4 SharingⅠ.写作单词——会拼写1．relevant adj. 有关的；切题的2．remote adj.遥远的；偏僻的3．otherwise conj. 否则；不然adv. 用别的方法；其他方面4．purchase vt.& n. 买；购买5．adjust vi.&vt. 调整；(使)适合→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n. 调整；调节6．participate vi. 参与；参加→participant n. 参加者，参与者→participation n. 参加；参与7．click v. (使)发出咔嗒声n. 咔嗒声8．donate vt.捐赠→donation n. 捐赠；捐献9．voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→voluntarily adv. 自愿地；无偿地10．politics n. 政治(学)→political adj.政治的；政党的→politically adv. 政治上11．distribute vt.分配；分发→distribution n. 分配；分发；分布状态12．operate vi.&vt. 工作；运转；操作→operation n. 操作；手术→operator n. 操作人员；接线员Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记13．privilege n．特权；特别优待14．toast vt.烤(面包等)；敬酒n. 烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯15．arrange v. 安排；排列16．clinic n. 门诊部；小诊所高频短语——会默写1．hear from接到……的信2．(be)dying to 极想；渴望3．the other day 不久前的一天4．be relevant to 和……有关5．participate in 参与……；参加……6．dry out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透7．dry up (指河流、井等)干涸8．in need 在困难中；在危急中9．come across 遇见10．stick out 伸出精讲4个考纲单词adjustvi.&vt.调整；(使)适合[教材原句]The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.小屋内很黑，因此眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。
(通用版)2018高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit4Pygmalion课件新人教版选修8
Unit 4 Pygmalion
析 考 点
提 考 能
Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写 1． classify vt . 编排；分类；归类 妥协；折衷 可怕的；恐怖的 谈论；言论；评述；评论；说起 谴责；使……注定
2． compromise n．&vi. 3． horrible adj. 4． remark n．&v. 5． condemn vt.
Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记 16．whistle vi. n. 17．troublesome 18．brilliant 19．shabby 20．ambassador 21．authentic adj. adj. adj. n. adj.
吹口哨；发出汽笛声
口哨声；汽笛声
带来麻烦的；使人心烦的
光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的 破旧的；寒酸的 大使；使节 真实的；真正的；可信的；可靠的
2.But，sir，(proudly)once educated to 2.当被问到他为何如此伤心时，这个学 speak properly ， that girl could pass 生说他失去了这次出国的机会。 herself off in three months as a duchess When asked why he was so sad ， the at an ambassador's garden party.(状语 student said he had been robbed of the 从句省略) opportunity of going abroad.
3.Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep in conversation.(deep in... 专心于……)
通用版2018版高考英语大一轮复习第1部分基础知识考点Unit4Sharing课件
____________.
4.During the drought，the river ____________；as a result，many fish died. 5.If it had not been for his invitation ____________，I should not be here now.(2016· 江苏，27)
6.From the earliest ages ， they desire to help others ， to share
information and to____________ achieving common goals.
(2016· 江苏，阅读B) 7.My work colleagues ____________ my taking off at a moment’s notice for medical emergencies. 8.I don’t think what he said ____________ the topic we are
句型公式仿写
1.doubt whether＋从句 “怀疑是否„„” ________________ (我怀疑能否)they will finish the hard task in two days. 2....from where＋定语从句。在“介词＋关系词”型定语从句中， 关系词常为which和whom，关系副词where和when之前一般不 加介词，比较特殊的有from where和since when。
⑤dry ________ (指河流、井等)干涸
⑥get ________ 完成；穿过 ⑦adjust________ 调整；适应 答案 ①from ②across ③in ④out ⑤up ⑥through ⑦to