自然灾害英语词汇大全
Unit4NaturalDisasters词汇讲解清单-高中英语人教版
BIU4词汇学案1.disaster n.灾难；灾害词块：an air disaster 空难；a natural disaster 自然灾害2.tornado n.（pl.oes oros）龙卷风；旋风拆分：撕裂（torn）ado（阿朵）房屋的是“龙卷风”(tornado)3.drought n.旱灾；久旱派生：dry v.（把...）弄干→drought n.旱灾；久旱词块: severe drought 严重旱灾ndslide n.（landfall）（山地或悬崖的）崩塌；滑坡合成: land（n.土地）＋slide（v.滑动，滑落）→landslide n.5.slide vi. ＆vt.（slid，slid）（使）滑行；滑动对比: side n.一边，一侧词块：slide into a room 偷偷溜进房间；slide sth. into a drawer 把...偷偷塞进抽屉6.tsunami n.海啸词块：set off a tsunami 引发海啸7.flood n.洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没对比：food，flood→食物在“洪水”过后被运往灾区搭配：v. flood in/into 大量涌入；flood out of 蜂拥而出；be flooded with 被挤满...8.volcanic eruption火山喷发9.magnitude n.（地）震级；重大10.rescue n.＆vt.营救；救援搭配：v. rescue sb.from... 从...营救n. e to one’s rescue 援救某人; rescue workers救援人员11.damage vt．损害；破坏n．损坏；损失联想：大（da）+妈（ma）+歌（ge）→大妈的歌具有破坏力搭配：n. do /cause damage to 对...造成损害12.destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭派：destruction n.毁坏；destructive adj.具有破坏力的13.e vacu ate vt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离词源e向外空（动词后缀）→evacuate 疏散；撤离14.helicopter n.直升机词块：~ parents 直升机式父母归类jet喷气式飞机→fighter战斗机→bomber轰炸机→helicopter直升机15.death n.死；死亡派生：dead adj.死的，去世的→death n.死；死亡th 名词后缀：状态；die v.死词块：be frightened/scared to death吓死；be bored to death 无聊死16.affect vt.影响：（疾病）侵袭；深深打动搭配：affect sth 影响...；be affected by/ be influenced by 被...影响易混：effect n.影响have a great effect on sth 对...产生影响；e into effect 生效17.shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避（风雨或危险）拆分：她she+lt(“”拼音首字母）＋er（“儿”）→她带着和儿子躲在“避难处”搭配：n. under the shelter of ...在...的庇护下；v. shelter sb./sth (from sb./sth.) 庇护...18.crack n.裂纹；裂缝vi.＆vt.（使）破裂19.as if似乎；好像；仿佛语境:She looks as if she were ten years younger.她看起来好像年轻了十岁。
常用自然灾害类英语词汇
常用自然灾害类英语词汇
编辑整理：
尊敬的读者朋友们：
这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（常用自然灾害类英语词汇）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为常用自然灾害类英语词汇的全部内容。
avalanche 雪崩
cold 严寒
disease 疾病
drought 干旱
earthquake 地震
excessive multification 过度繁殖famine 饥荒
fire 火灾
flood 洪水
hail 冰雹
heat 炎热
hurricane 飓风
impact event (陨石等）冲撞
limnic eruption 湖内气体喷发landslide 山崩
magnetic storm 磁暴
mudslide 泥石流
plague 瘟疫
sandstorm 沙尘暴
sinkhole 灰岩坑
snow storm 暴风雪
solar flare 太阳耀斑
storm 暴风雨
storm surge 风暴潮
thunder storm 雷暴
tornado 龙卷风
tsunami 海啸
typhoon 台风
volcanic eruption 火山爆发waterspout 海龙卷。
自然灾害英语词汇大全了解和应对灾难的关键英语词汇
自然灾害英语词汇大全了解和应对灾难的关键英语词汇Natural Disasters: Comprehensive English Vocabulary and Key Terminologies for Understanding and Responding to Catastrophic EventsIntroduction:Natural disasters have always been a significant concern for human beings. Being prepared and equipped with the essential knowledge and vocabulary related to these calamities can play a crucial role in mitigating their impact. In this article, we will present a comprehensive list of English vocabulary related to natural disasters and discuss key terminologies that can aid in understanding and responding to such catastrophic events.1. Earthquake:An earthquake refers to the shaking or trembling of the Earth's surface caused by the release of energy in the Earth's crust. Understanding the terms associated with earthquakes is essential for preparedness and response measures. Below are some key vocabulary terms related to earthquakes:1.1 Magnitude: The measure of energy released during an earthquake, which determines its intensity.1.2 Richter Scale: A logarithmic scale used to assign a numerical value to the magnitude of an earthquake.1.3 Seismic Waves: Vibrations that travel through the Earth's interior during or after an earthquake.1.4 Epicenter: The point on the Earth's surface directly above the origin of an earthquake.2. Hurricane:A hurricane is a large, rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center and strong, sustained winds. Familiarizing oneself with the vocabulary related to hurricanes is crucial for monitoring, forecasting, and responding to these devastating natural phenomena. Here are some key terms associated with hurricanes:2.1 Tropical Cyclone: A generic term referring to a rotating low-pressure weather system that originates over tropical or subtropical waters.2.2 Storm Surge: A rise in sea level caused by a hurricane's strong winds and low-pressure center, resulting in coastal flooding.2.3 Eyewall: The innermost part of a hurricane, surrounding the eye, typically experiencing the most intense winds and rainfall.2.4 Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale: A scale used to categorize hurricanes based on their wind speed and potential damage.3. Flood:A flood occurs when an overflow of water occurs on usually dry land. Understanding flood-related vocabulary is vital for developing effective strategies to prevent, respond to, and recover from these disasters. Here are some significant terms related to floods:3.1 Flash Flood: A rapid, sudden flood caused by heavy rainfall, often with little or no warning.3.2 Levee: A man-made barrier constructed along riverbanks or coastlines to prevent flooding.3.3 Inundation: The process of an area being covered with water, resulting in a flood.3.4 Evacuation: The organized and controlled relocation of people from an area at risk of flooding to a safer location.4. Wildfire:A wildfire is an uncontrolled fire that rapidly spreads across vegetation or forested areas. Understanding the vocabulary associated with wildfires plays a crucial role in fire prevention, management, and response. Here are some important terms related to wildfires:4.1 Combustion: The process of burning, releasing heat, light, and various chemical compounds during a fire.4.2 Drought: A prolonged period of abnormally low precipitation, which increases the risk of wildfires due to dry conditions.4.3 Ember: A small, burning piece of wood or other material carried by the wind and capable of starting new fires.4.4 Firebreak: A cleared area or barrier designed to prevent the spread of fires by removing vegetation or creating fuel breaks.Conclusion:Understanding the various English vocabulary terms related to natural disasters is crucial for effectively managing and responding to catastrophic events. From earthquakes to hurricanes, floods to wildfires, thecomprehensive vocabulary list provided in this article serves as a valuable resource to equip individuals with the necessary knowledge to navigate and address these challenging situations. By enhancing our understanding of these terminologies, we can better comprehend the risks associated with natural disasters and implement preventive measures, ultimately ensuring the safety and well-being of communities worldwide.。
自然灾害英语词汇
自然灾害Natural Disaster : 地震earthquake 雪崩avalanche火山泥流lahar 泥石流mudflow/landslide debris flow超级火山爆发supervolcano 洪水flood 大(或急剧的)漩涡maelstrom海啸Tsunami 暴风雪blizzard （呵呵）干旱Drought 雹暴Hailstorm 热浪heat wave 飓风（台风）Hurricanes, Tropical cyclones, and Typhoons 冰雹ice storm 龙卷风tornado 冰河时代ice age 森林大火wildfire流行病Epidemic 饥荒Famine 太阳耀斑Solar flare附：各种自然灾害和人为灾害词汇英汉对照：英语作文：Movie Plot Summary;;An epic adventure about a global cataclysm that brings an end to the world and tells of the heroic struggle of the survivors.An academic researcher leads a group of people in a fight to counteract the apocalyptic events that were predicted by the ancient Mayan calendar and other historical documents, astronomy, biblical and scientific data. It involves the passage of the Age of Pieces into the Age of Aquarius. It also involves the Destroyer, aka Wormwood, Planet X, Nibiru.Over the decades, many have prophesised that the world will end when the ancient Mayan calendar ceases on 21 December 2012. But before that occurs, the human race is bound to face natural disasters such as massive volcano eruptions, typhoons and other natural calamities. An academic researcher opens a portal into a parallel universe and makes contact with his double in order to prevent an apocalypse predicted by the ancient Mayans.Watch online Movie Trailer free 2012 Hollywood film.The film Directed by Roland Emmerich.The Story : 2012 movie tells the story of natural disasters foretold by ancient calendar angle. Sun storms are affecting Earth, culminating in tsunamis, earthquakes and volcanoes. The story itself appears to be standard for disaster movies - short on science, long on stories of numerous individuals, and high on amazing special effects, with a small dose of conspiracy. It’s highly likely a pet dog survives…电影情节摘要;;一个关于全球性灾难，这带来了对世界的结束和对幸存者的可歌可泣的英勇斗争，告诉冒险。
高考英语词汇狂背-自然灾害(共23页)
17. take shelter from 躲避
18. break down 垮掉 19. crowd in 涌入
20. blow down 吹倒
必备句子 ---自然灾害 .
必备句子----自然灾害
1.This has been the worst in the past decade/ten years.这是十年来最严重的 一次。 2. It was estimated that the economic losses was more than 9.7 billion dollars.估计造成经济损失达97个亿。
府还是号召全国支援被这次大灾难袭击的地区。
必备句子----自然灾害
5. Tens of thousands of people lost their precious lives owing to the strong earthquake. 由于大地震 , 成千上万的人失去了宝
贵的生命。
必备句子----自然灾害
加标题 加标题
单击 加 标题
5. right away 立刻；马上
添加 标题
必备短语---自然灾害
6. calm down 平静下来
7. burst out 爆发
单击添 加标题
单击 加 标题
8.burst into 突然…… 9. in ruins 废墟 10. dig out 挖掘
单击 添加 标题
单击添 加标题ut 分发；发出 12. prepare for 为……做准备 13. instead of 代替；不是
14. at an end 完结，结束
15. a great deal of 大量的
必备短语---自然灾害
常见自然灾害英文单词
1.交通事故aground 搁浅be(go,run)aground (船)搁浅，触礁belly out 底部朝上black box (飞机等的)黑匣子bound 准备（或正在）到……去的（飞机，船等）bow 船头emerge vi.浮现;(问题)发生，暴露【考】emerge from浮现【例】emerging market新兴市场【派】emergence n.形成，出现;emergency n.紧急情况collapse vi. 倒塌;崩溃，突然失败;【例】The roof collapsed suddenly. 屋顶突然塌了infect vt.传染;影响【例】get infected受感染【派】infection n.感染wreck vt. 毁坏;使…失事;n.失事，残害;精神身体垮掉的人【例】a plane wreck飞机失事【派】wreckage n.残骸spread vt.展开;散布，蔓延;涂;n.传播，蔓延【考】spread out散开伸张，延伸【例】the rapid spread of cholera霍乱的迅速蔓延claim vt.声称，索取，提出要求;(灾难)使死亡n.索赔【考】lay claim to声称对…由权利;claim for要求【例】Wenchuan Earthquake has claimed 60,000 people.汶川地震夺走60,000人的生命.survive vi.幸存;逃出【例】The miners survived in the mine accident矿工在矿井事故中幸存下来.【派】survival n.存活survivor n.幸存者injure vt. 伤害，损伤【例】He was badly/severely injured.他受重伤do sb/oneself an injury使受伤害【派】injury n. 伤害transmit vt.传播，发射;传送，传染【例】The disease is transmitted among people.疾病在人群中蔓延.【派】transmission n.传播rescue vt. n. 营救，救援【考】come to one’s rescue拯救…【例】Survivors were rescued by helicopter.生还者被直升机营救.donate vt.捐赠，赠送【例】to donate money/blood捐款/鲜血【派】donation n. donator n.捐赠人accidental a.意外的，偶然的【例】accidental damage意外损伤【派】accident n.事故，意外; accidentally ad.意外地miserable a.痛苦的，悲惨的，可怜的【例】a miserable cold重感冒【派】misery n. 痛苦fatal a.致命的，灾难性的;重大的【例】fatal mistake重大的过失vulnerable a.易受伤的，脆弱的;难防御的【例】vulnerable financial system脆弱的金融体系voluntary a. 自愿，主动地【例】voluntary contribution自愿捐款【派】volunteer n./vi. 志愿者volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事disaster n.灾难，大祸;彻底失败【例】Oil spill is a disaster. 漏油是大灾难.【派】disastrous a. 灾难性的famine n.饥荒【例】The famine triggered wars. 饥荒引起了很多战争.destruction n. 破坏，毁灭【例】The Amazon reforest will be damaged to destruction.亚马逊丛林将会被破坏殆尽.【派】destructive a.破坏性的，毁灭性的refugee n. 难民【例】a refugee camp难民营strap n. 带，皮带vt.用带扣住;用绷带包扎【例】to strap the wound包扎伤口foundation n.基础;基金会;建立【例】educational foundations教育基金会welfare n.福利;福利救济【例】social welfare社会福利flame n. 火焰【例】burst into flame猛烈的燃烧【派】flaming a.燃烧的drought n. 干旱，旱灾【例】to combat the drought抗旱collision n.碰撞;冲突【例】accidental collision意外碰撞charity n.救济金，施舍;慈善(团体)【考】out of charity处于仁慈之心【例】a charity perfomance义演【派】charitable a. 仁爱的,慈爱的shelter n.遮蔽处;保护vt.庇护;躲避【例】a homeless shelter收容所【派】sheltered a.遮蔽的，受庇护的hazard n. 危害vt. 冒风险，试着做【例】hazard one’s life冒生命危险【派】hazardous a. 危险的，冒险的。
高中英语2024届高考作文必背系列(自然灾害)(词汇+句型+范文)
高考英语作文必背系列（自然灾害）一、词汇1.tsunami n.海啸2.typhoon n.台风3.volcano n.火山4.disaster n.灾难；灾害5.bury vt.埋葬；安葬6.tornado n.龙卷风；旋风7.forecast v.预测，预报8.property n.所有物，资产，财产ndslide n.(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡10.hurricane n.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风11.claim v.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)12.damage vt.损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失13.in shock 震惊；吃惊14.in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪15.in the open air露天；在户外16.aid n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.帮助；援助17.flood n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没18.supply n.供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给rm vt.通知；了解，熟悉20.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱21.strike vi.& vt.侵袭；突击；击打 n.罢工；罢课22.donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)donation n.捐赠物，捐赠，赠送23.deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表delivery n.投递；送交24.relief n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除relieve vt.解除，减轻，救济25.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦26.power n.电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量powerful adj.强大的27.injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害injury n.伤害injured adj.受伤的28.reaction n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应29.on hand 现有(尤指帮助)30.keep one’s head(在困境中)保持冷静31.crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞32.shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)33.revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒revival n.振兴；复苏34.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出eruption n.喷发35.scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n.恐慌；惊吓scared adj.害怕的scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的36.blizzard n.暴风雪37.unify vt.统一；(使)成一体38.rescue n.& vt.营救；救援39.unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的bearable adj.可以忍受的bear vt.忍受40.emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况emergent adj.紧急的emerge vi.浮现；出现41.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过survival n.幸存；生还survivor n.幸存者42.destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭性)的43.first aid kit 急救箱44.safe and sound安然无恙的45.to one’s relief让某人宽慰的是46.orderly adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的47.threaten v.威胁到，危及48.magnitude n.(地)震级；重大49.evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离50.exceptionally adv.极其，非常51.precisely adv.精确地，准确地52.sufficient adj.足够的，充足的53.drought n.干旱，旱灾54.reconstruction n.再建，重建；改造；复兴55.whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n.哨子(声)；呼啸声二、句型1.I was having breakfast with my three children when the water started filling my home.我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，这时海水开始灌到我家。
自然灾害相关英文词汇
自然灾害相关词汇1.交通事故aground 搁浅be （go, run） aground （船）搁浅，触礁belly out 底部朝上black box （飞机等的）黑匣子bound准备（或正在）到 .... 去的（飞机，船等）bow 船头canyon 峡谷capsize （船等）倾覆castaway 乘船遇难者（的）cliff 悬崖collide （车船等）碰撞crash 碰撞crosswind 侧风derail 火车出轨distress signal 船只遇难时的求救信号ditch 飞机迫降在水面上，汽车开到沟里escaping hatch （潜艇的）逃生舱口ferry 渡船flip over 翻过来foul play 不正常运作fragment 碎片fuselage （飞机）机身gondola 吊舱hatch 舱门head-on train collision 火车迎面相撞heavy seas 波涛汹涌的海面hull 船壳，船体life vest 救生背心mangle 压碎，plunge 投入，跳进raft 救生筏ram 猛撞ravine 沟壑山涧深谷rescue team 援救人员rough seas 波涛汹涌的海面rudder 舵shipwreck 船只失事，失事船的残骸skip over 翻过来strand 使搁浅turbulence 湍流turbulent 狂暴的湍流的wind shear 风切变wreck on a rock 触礁失事2．地震等after shock 余震buckle 变形，坍塌calamity 灾祸debris 碎片废墟devastate 毁坏devastating quake 毁坏性地震dilapidated house 部分毁坏的房屋earthquake belt 地震带earthquake prone zone 易震带epicenter 震中eruption 喷发，爆发jolt 振摇killer earthquake （死伤人数很多的）强烈地震landslide 塌方，滑坡，山崩lava 熔岩mudslide 泥石流open-ended Richter Scale 里氏地震级quake-striken area 地震灾区reduce to rubbles 化为瓦砾rock 震动seism 地震shantytown 棚户区贫民窟shanty 棚屋shoddy building 偷工减料的建筑物skimp 克扣，偷工减料sniffer dog 警犬，嗅探器sniffer 嗅探器stench of puntrefacton 腐烂东西发出的恶臭temblor 地震tide wave 海啸tracking dog 警犬trained-dog 受过训练的狗，警犬traumatized 受过精神创伤的tremor 震颤tsunami 海啸unscrupulous 是无忌惮的不讲道理的volcano 火山资料收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除3．火灾，风灾，水灾，旱灾avalanche 雪崩back-to-back storms 接踵而来的暴风雨batter （恶劣的天气）连续袭击blaze 火，熊熊燃烧blizzard 暴风雪carcase （carcass）（动物的）尸体，（蔑）人的尸体cataclysm 洪水char 烧焦choppy 风向不定的，波浪涛涛的collapse 倒坍crest 洪峰cyclone 气旋，旋风dam 水坝deluge 洪水depression 低气压dismal 凄凉的driving rain 倾盆大雨drizzle 牛毛细雨drought 干旱drown 淹死dump （雨水）倾泻embankment 堤岸embank 筑堤防护engulf 席卷吞噬flame 火焰flood-ravaged area （洪水）受灾区fume （浓烈或难闻的）烟，气，汽gale 狂风gust 阵风，（风雨雹）突然一阵gut 损毁（房屋等）内部装置hurricane 飓风inundate 水淹jetty 防波堤knee-deep （积雪等）齐膝深的，没膝的levee 大堤low-lying 地势低洼的maroon （杯水围困）处于孤立无援的境地monsoon 季风monsoon rain （印度洋）季雨pelt 连续打击，（雨雪）大降pound （连续）猛击pour 下倾盆大雨rainfall 降雨量（typhoon- ）ravaged area 被（台风）破坏的地区scorch 烧焦sift 筛选详查silt 淤泥，使淤塞sleet 雨夹雪smoulder 焖烧spell （某种天气的）一段持续时间squall （冰雹）暴风stampede 惊跑乱窜stifle 使窒息submergence 浸没，淹没subside （洪水）减退suffocate 使窒息sweep （风等）刮起，浪等冲走terrified 恐惧的tornado 龙卷风torrential rain 骤雨trample 踩twister 陆海卷风，沙柱尘旋typhoon 台风uproot 连根拔wash away 冲走water-logged 涝的4. 其他用语（flood）-struck area （洪水）受灾区aid worker 救援人员make-shift 临时凑用的代用品makeshift house 临时住房philanthropic 慈善的philanthropist 慈善家philanthropoid 慈善基金会经纪人philanthropy 慈善事业puddle 水坑race against the clock 争分夺秒rage （风）狂吹，浪汹涌，病猖獗ready-made 现成的，预制的rescue worker 救援人员与上文有重复常见新闻自然灾害名称earthquake 地震aftershock 余震magnitude 震级volcano 火山supervolcano 超级火山爆发volcano eruption 火山爆发lahar 火山泥流flood 洪水maelstrom 大（或急剧的）漩涡tsunami/ tidal wave 海啸sandstorm 沙尘暴mudslide/mudflow/landslide/debris flow 泥石流forest/brush fire/ wildfire 森林、灌木丛大火drought/dry spell 旱灾snowstorm/ blizzard 暴风雪, 雪灾avalanche 雪崩；山崩hailstorm 雹暴ice storm 冰雹ice age 冰河时代heat wave 热浪tornado/twister 飓风, 龙卷风cyclone/tropical cyclone 暴风、龙卷风，气旋；旋风hurricane 飓风、狂风typhoon 台风plague 瘟疫epidemic 流行病doom 厄运famine 饥荒solar flare 太阳耀斑lightning 闪电thunderstorm 大雷雨mist 薄雾hail 冰雹torrential rain 倾盆大雨shower 阵雨drizzle 毛毛雨gust 一阵强风mirage 海市蜃楼casualty (事故、灾难等的)死者death toll/fatality 死亡人数；死亡事故homeless 无家可归aid worker 救援人员humanitarian 人道主义者rescuer 救助者refugee 难民calamity/catastrophe 大灾难；灾害natural calamity, natural disaster 自然灾害man-made disaster 人为灾害victim 遭难者survivor 幸存者afflicted district 受灾地区meltdown 大灾难partially submerged island 部分被淹的岛bereaved 丧失亲人的invalid 病人、残废者devastation 毁坏miserable 痛苦的、悲惨的depredate 掠夺fatality 命运决定的事物demolish 毁坏sizzling 极热的humid/muggy 潮湿的chilly 冷飕飕的freezing 冰冻的；极冷的ecosystem 生态系统ecology 生态学global warming 全球暖化greenhouse effect 温室效应acid rain 酸雨disposal (waste disposal; garbage disposal; sewage disposal) 处置；处理kitchen garbage 厨房垃圾incinerate 焚化recycling 循环再利用recyclable 可回收的extinct 绝种的endangered species 濒临绝种的动植物The Artic Circle 北极圈The Antarctic Circle 南极圈Glacier 冰河the equator 赤道bay/gulf （海或湖泊的）湾strait/channel 海峡cape 海角canal 运河peninsula 半岛delta 三角洲reservoir 水库dam 水坝；水堤height 高地；海拔bush 灌木sanctuary 鸟兽禁猎区dune/sand hill 沙丘。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
自然灾害英语词汇大全
Natural Disasters English Vocabulary Encyclopedia
Introduction:
Natural disasters refer to sudden and extreme events caused by natural forces, resulting in significant damage, loss of life, and disruption to the environment and human settlements. Understanding the English vocabulary related to natural disasters is crucial for effective communication and comprehension of these events. This comprehensive encyclopedia presents a detailed compilation of key English vocabulary related to various types of natural disasters.
1. Earthquakes:
1.1 Magnitude: The measure of energy released by an earthquake.
1.2 Epicenter: The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
1.3 Seismic Waves: Vibrations caused by earthquakes that travel through the Earth.
1.4 Aftershocks: Smaller tremors that occur after the main earthquake.
1.5 Richter Scale: A scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake.
2. Floods:
2.1 Deluge: A severe flood or overwhelming rush of water.
2.2 Flash Flood: A rapid and sudden local flood, often caused by heavy rainfall.
2.3 Levee: An embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river.
2.4 Inundation: The act of being flooded or covered with water.
2.5 Torrential: Characterized by heavy rain or downpour.
3. Hurricanes:
3.1 Cyclone: A large-scale, rotating storm system characterized by low pressure.
3.2 Eyewall: The area surrounding the center of a hurricane, where the most severe weather conditions occur.
3.3 Storm Surge: The abnormal rise of seawater due to a hurricane's winds and low pressure.
3.4 Typhoon: A term used to describe hurricanes in the Western Pacific Ocean.
3.5 Gale Force Winds: Strong winds with speeds typically ranging from 32-63 knots.
4. Tornadoes:
4.1 Twister: An informal term for a tornado.
4.2 Funnel Cloud: A rotating column of air that has not yet touched the ground.
4.3 Enhanced Fujita Scale: A scale used to measure the intensity of tornadoes based on damage caused.
4.4 Vortex: The core of a tornado where rotating winds reach their maximum speed.
4.5 Tornado Alley: A region in the central United States with a high frequency of tornadoes.
5. Wildfires:
5.1 Combustible: Capable of catching fire easily.
5.2 Ember: A small piece of burning or glowing coal.
5.3 Firebreak: A cleared area or barrier intended to stop the spread of a fire.
5.4 Arson: The criminal act of intentionally setting fire to property.
5.5 Smoldering: The slow, smoke-creating burning of a material without
a flame.
6. Drought:
6.1 Arid: Dry, lacking rainfall or moisture.
6.2 Desertification: The process by which fertile land becomes a desert due to drought or human activity.
6.3 Water Scarcity: Insufficient availability of water resources to meet the needs of a population.
6.4 Precipitation: Any form of water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface.
6.5 Famine: Severe scarcity of food, often resulting from a prolonged drought.
Conclusion:
This natural disasters vocabulary encyclopedia provides a comprehensive and concise compilation of English terms related to various types of natural disasters. By familiarizing oneself with these terms, individuals can enhance their understanding, communication, and preparedness when faced with such calamities. However, it is important to remember that while words can facilitate comprehension, proactive emergency planning and disaster response strategies are vital for mitigating the impact of natural disasters on lives and communities.。