2006年考研英语真题答案及解析
协调运行，我们需要的是一揽子计划。”
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
一、文章结构与内容分析
本文是一篇议论文。文章中心讨论了美国的文化对移民的强大同化能力。第一段介绍了美国大众文化的特点、
起源和背后的推动力；第二、三、四段采用事实论证了移民能快速融入美国社会，对大众文化构不成威胁；第五段
[D] retain 保留，保持
【答案】 B
【考点】 词义辨析
【难度系数】 0.243
【解析】 空所在的句意为：无家可归问题已经达到了如此的规模，以至于地方政府都不能 。从句意可以看出这里应
该表示问题的严重性，以至于政府都难以应对了，能表示“处理、应对”的只有 cope。故本题答案为 B。
3.[A] in
[B] for
[C] with
[D] toward
【答案】 D
【考点】 词法搭配
【难度系数】 0.208
【解析】 从空所在的位置可以判断出本题考查的是 help 后面的介词搭配的用法。help sb. in doing sth.，表示“帮助
某人做什么事”，in 后面接动名词（固定用法）。help sb. with sth.意为“通过做某他们的各种需求。
二、试题具体解析
1.[A] Indeed 实际上(表肯定和强调)
[B] Likewise 同样地(表类比)
[C] Therefore 因此(表因果)
[D] Furthermore 而且(表递进)
【答案】 A
【考点】 逻辑搭配
【难度系数】 0.365
【解析】空前后是两个独立的句子，显然填入空的词应该表示这两个句子之间逻辑关系的内容，空前谈到“无家可
[D] Thus 因而
【答案】 C
【考点】 逻辑搭配
【难度系数】 0.604
【解析】这个空要结合其后面的内容，上句谈到是 comprehensive program，后面一句谈到的是 a package deal，两者
显然是指差不多的内容，两者相当的内容，只能是并列结构，只有 C 是表示这种关系的连词，故答案为 C。如果考
[D] house 房屋，住宅
【答案】 B
【考点】 词义辨析
【难度系数】 0.479
【解析】对于人数众多的无家可归者，其身份类似于难民，对于这种身份的人，显然庇护所对他们来说是最贴切的
词，故答案为 B。
13.[A] searching 搜索，探求 [B] strolling 闲逛
[C] crowding 拥挤，群集 [D] wandering 徘徊，乱逛
【解析】词汇所在的语境是：不管我们如何喋喋不休地谈论了差别，美国社会实际上是一台 homogenizing 机器，前
句和后句形成让步关系，前句谈到差别，作为让步结构，下句必然谈到相似或一致的内容，选项中只有 C 项 assimilating
通顺，故答案为 D。
6.[A] cover 覆盖
[B] change 改变，交换
[C] range 范围
[D] differ 不同
【答案】 C
【考点】 词汇搭配
【难度系数】 0.582
【解析】 从该句中“from 600,000 to 3 million”判断出，这里应该表示对数字的估计范围。四个选项，可以表示范围
【答案】 D
【考点】 词义辨析
【难度系数】 0.46
【解析】 四个选项中，B 和 D 比较接近，但 stroll 指很闲适的散步，显然无家可归者不可能还能很闲适地在大街上
散步，而 wandering 表示一种漫无目的的游荡，很适合形容这些无家可归者，因此答案为 D。
14.[A] when 当……的时候
方利益，故答案为 D。
三、全文翻译
无家可归者占美国人口的比例越来越大。实际上，无家可归者的问题已经达到如此规模，连地方政府都无法应
对了。为了帮助无家可归者走向独立，联邦政府必须支持就业培训项目、提高最低工资并资助建设更多低价住房。
大家对于美国到底有多少无家可归者的意见并不一致，估计数量在 60 万到 300 万之间。尽管人们估计的数字可
【难度系数】 0.131
【解析】 本题解析参见第 18 题。
20.[A] supervision 监督
[B] manipulation 操纵 [C] regulation 调节
[D] coordination 协调
【答案】 D
【考点】 词汇搭配
【难度系数】 0.32
【解析】 前面谈到是一个综合的方案，后面又说到是一个一揽子计划，对于这种计划，最重要的当然是要能调和各
[C] proves 证明
[D] discovers 发现
【答案】 A
【考点】 词义辨析
【难度系数】 0.718
【解析】空后说无家可归的数字在这个 10 年的后半期会达到 10 million，显然这是表示将来的数据，对于将来的数
据只能用预测，故答案为 A。
10.[A] assist 帮助
[B] track 跟踪
归者在美国人口中的比例越来越大”，空后“无家可归者达到如此高的比例，以至于到了当地政府无法……”。从
两句的内容看，空前内容是两句中的论点，空后是对该论点的具体事实说明，能表征此类关系的只有选项 A。故答
案为 A。
2.[A] stand 容忍，经受 [B] cope 应付，处理
[C] approve 同意，赞成
则说明融合会有些不快的过程，但这种不快无需民众担忧，美国社会的发展依然是光明的。
二、试题具体分析
21．第一段第二行的单词“homogenizing”最可能的含义是_____。
[A] 识别，确定 [B] 联系，联合 [C] 吸收，同化 [D] 独占，垄断
【答案】 C
【考点】 词义句意
【难度系数】 0.713
2006 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）答案详解
Section I Use of English
一、文章结构分析
本文介绍了美国无家可归者日益增多这个社会问题。第一、二段分析问题的严重性，指出在美国无家可归者的数量
不断增长，已经到了联邦政府必须采取措施给他们提供帮助的地步。第三段指出帮助无家可归者的任务相当艰巨，
的无家可归者患有严重的精神疾病；还有许多人虽然不喝酒吸毒，精神也正常，但就是没有改善生活现状的基本生
存技能。《波士顿环球日报》记者克里斯·雷迪认为只有通过全面规划解决无家可归者的各种需求，这种局面才有
3
可能得到改善。用马萨诸塞州本特里学院社区服务部主任爱德华·兹罗特科瓦斯克的话来说就是：“各种规划必须
能各不相同，但是分析家们在一件事上的确达成了共识，即无家可归者的数量正在增长。联邦政府的一项研究预测，
在这个十年结束之前，无家可归者的数量将接近 1900 万。
设法帮助日益增多的无家可归者变得越来越艰巨。即使无家可归者找到了庇护所，白天有三餐，晚上能安眠，
仍然还有很多人每天大部分时间流落街头。部分问题是，许多无家可归的成年人都是酒鬼或者瘾君子；并且相当多
1
的词只有 C，range 常与 from…to 搭配表示“从……到……范围”。故正确答案为 C。
7.[A] Now that 既然，由于
[B] Although 虽然，尽管
[C] Provided 倘若 [D] Except that 除……外
【答案】 B
【考点】 逻辑搭配
【难度系数】 0.636
生平时应注意积累一些常用的固定短语的话，本题可以与 19 题连起来考虑，as…put it 是一个固定表达，意为“正
如……所说的那样”。同样可以得出答案为 C。
19.[A] puts 提出；说，表达 [B] interprets 解释 [C] assumes 假定
[D] makes 做
【答案】 A
【考点】 习惯搭配
【答案】 C
【考点】 词义辨析
【难度系数】 0.802
【解析】从文章前面的内容可以看出，虽然人们在无家可归者的具体数量上有分歧，但在增加的趋势方面是一致的，
因此空填入的词应该是表示无家可归者数量的增加，而能表示数量的增加只有 increasing，故答案为 C。
9.[A] predicts 预测 [B] displays 陈列，展示
【考点】 词汇搭配
【难度系数】 0.342
【解析】从句子结构可以看出，填入的是修饰 program 的，这是怎么样的一个 program 呢？后面的定语从句有说明，
这个 program 可以解决无家可归者许多需求，那么四个选项当中能满足这一要求的只有 B 项，故答案为 B。
18.[A] So 因此
[B] Since 自从；因为，既然 [C] As 正如
者代入文中，语意上讲不通。for 表示目的，帮助某人，前面不定式已经表示了目的，“为了帮助无家可归的人为了
独立”语意也不通。toward 表示“趋向，接近”，后面常接抽象名词，符合文意。故正确答案为 D。
4.[A] raise 提高
[B] add 增加，添加
[C] take 拿走
[D] keep 保持
【难度系数】 0.185
【解析】结合句意，这里表达的应该是使他们生活变好，四个词组中，只有 A 表达这个意思，故答案为 A。
17.[A] complex 复杂的 [B] comprehensive 综合的 [C] complementary 补充的 [D] compensating 补偿的
【答案】 B
活在社会的最底层，所缺乏的当然是谋求生存的技能，C 符合这一状况，故答案为 C。
16.[A] (turn) around 使转身，使好转
[B] (turn) over 使翻转，仔细考虑，移交
2006考研英语一真题答案解析
2006考研英语一真题答案解析2006年考研英语一真题答案解析2006年的考研英语一真题是一份相当经典的试卷，其中包含了阅读理解、完形填空和翻译等多个部分。
本文将对这些题目进行解析，帮助考生更好地理解和掌握考试技巧。
阅读理解部分分为两篇文章，第一篇是关于语言习得的研究，第二篇是关于文化差异与跨文化沟通的问题。
在解答这些问题时，考生需要注意以下几点：首先，要仔细阅读题目和选项，确保理解题目要求。
有时候选项中的词语会有一些干扰性的信息，需要考生加以辨别。
其次，要注意文章的结构和逻辑关系。
有些题目会要求考生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推断，这就需要考生对文章的整体思路有一个清晰的把握。
最后，要注意选项之间的区别。
有些题目的选项可能非常相似，但只有一个是正确的。
考生需要仔细分辨选项之间的细微差别，以确保选择正确答案。
完形填空部分是考察考生对词汇和语法的理解能力。
在解答这部分题目时，考生需要注意以下几点：首先，要注意上下文的语境。
有时候一个单词的意思会因为上下文的变化而发生改变，所以考生需要根据上下文的语境来选择正确的选项。
其次，要注意常见的语法错误。
比如主谓一致、时态一致等等。
考生需要对这些基本的语法规则有一个清晰的认识，以便能够正确地填写选项。
最后，要注意选项之间的逻辑关系。
有些选项可能在语法上是正确的，但在逻辑上却不合理。
考生需要根据文章的整体逻辑关系来判断选项的正确与否。
翻译部分是考察考生对英汉互译的能力。
在解答这部分题目时，考生需要注意以下几点：首先，要注意句子的结构和语法。
英汉两种语言的语法结构有很大的差异，考生需要根据这些差异来进行翻译。
其次，要注意词汇的选择。
有些词汇在英语中可能有多个对应的中文翻译，考生需要根据句子的语境来选择合适的译文。
最后，要注意语言的风格和表达方式。
英语和汉语有着不同的表达方式和风格，考生需要根据句子的语境和要求来选择合适的翻译方式。
总的来说，2006年的考研英语一真题是一份相当经典的试卷，其中包含了阅读理解、完形填空和翻译等多个部分。
考研英语二历年真题及答案解析全面
2010考研英语二真题及答案Secti on I Use of En glishDirectio ns:Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best o ne and mark your an swers on ANSWER SHEET l. (10 poi nts)The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic ___________________ 1 ____ by the World Health Orga ni zation in 41 years.The heightened alert ______ 2 ____ an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convenedafter a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising ____ 3 ____ in Brita in, Japa n, Chile and elsewhere.But the epidemic is " ______ 4 ____ " in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization'sdirector general, ______ 5___ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptomsand a full recovery, ofte n in the ____ 6 ____ of any medical treatme nt.The outbreak came to global ______ 7 ___ in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noticed anunu sually large nu mber of hospitalizati ons and deaths __ 8 ____healthy adults. As much of Mexico Cityshut dow n at the height of a pan ic, cases bega n to ___ 9 ___ in New York City, the southwester n Un itedStates and around the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade _______ 10 ____ warmer weather arrived. But in lateSeptember 2009, officials reported there was _______ 11 ____ flu activity in almost every state and thatvirtually all the ____ 12 ___ tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, not seas onal flu. Inthe U.S., it has ____ 13 ___ more tha n one millio n people, and caused more tha n 600 deaths and morethan 6,000 hospitalizati ons.Federal health officials _______ 14 ___ Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile andbegan ____ 15 ____ o rders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which isdiffere nt from the annual flu vacc in e, is __ 16 ___ ahead of expectatio ns. More tha n three millio n doseswere to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those ____ 17 ____ doses were of theFluMist nasal spray type, which is not _______ 18____ for pregnant women, people over 50 or those withbreath ing difficulties, heart disease or several other ____ 19 _____. But it was still possible to vacci natepeople in other high-risk group: health care workers, people ________ 20 _____ infants and healthy young people.1 [A] criticized [B] appo in ted [C]comme nted [D] designated2 [A] proceeded [B] activated [C] followed [D] prompted3 [A] digits [B] nu mbers [C] amounts [D] sums4 [A] moderate [B] no rmal [C] unu sual [D] extreme5 [A] with [B] in [C] from [D] by6 [A] progress [B]absenee [C] prese nee [D] favor7 [A] reality [B] phe nomenon [C] concept [D] notice8. [A]over [B] for [C] among [D] to9 [A] stay up [B] crop up [C] fill up [D] cover up10 [A] as [B] if [C] unl ess [D] un til11 [A] excessive [B] eno rmous [C] sig ni fica nt[D]mag nifice nt12 [A]categories [B] examples [C] patterns [D] samples13 [A] imparted [B] immerse [C] injected [D] in fected14 [A] released [B] relayed [C] relieved [D] remai ned15 [A] placi ng [B] deliveri ng [C] taki ng [D] givi ng16 [A] feasible [B] available [C] reliable [D] applicable17 [A] prevale nt [B] prin cipal [C] inno vative [D] in itial18 [A] prese nted [B] restricted [C] recomme nded [D] in troduced19 [A] problems [B] issues [C] ago nies [D] sufferi ngs20 [A] in volved in [B] cari ng for [C] concerned with [D] wardi ngoffSection II Reading comprehensionPart ATextlThe Iongest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damie n Hirst,“ Beautiful In side My Head Forevet Sotheby ”' s in London on September 15th2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than £ 70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auct ion eer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehma n Brothers, filed for ban kruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm — double the figure five years earlier. Since the n it may have come dow n to $50 billi on. But the market gen erates in terest far bey ond its size because it brings together great wealth, eno rmous egos, greed, passi on and con troversy in a way matched by few other in dustries.In the weeks and mon ths that fo llowed Mr Hirst ' s ale, spe nding of any sort became deeplyun fashi on able, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coin cided with the loss of thousa nds of jobs and the finan cial demise of many art-bu ying in vestors. I n the art world that mea nt collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of con temporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector—for Chin ese con temporary art—they were dow n by n early 90% in the year to November 2008. With in weeks the world ' s two biggest auct ion houses, Sotheby ' s and Christieout n early $200m in guara ntees to clie nts who had placed works for sale with them.The curre nt dow ntur n in the art market is the worst since the Japa nese stopped buying Impressi oni stsat the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the Second World War. This time experts reck on that prices are about 40% dow n on their peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. ButEdward Dolman, Christie ' s chief executive, says: “ I ' m pretty corat the bottom. ”What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, whe n in terest rates were high, there was no dema nd even though many collectors wan ted to sell. Christie ' s revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher tha n in the first halfof 2006. Almost every one who was in terviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the mome nt is not a lack of dema nd but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce —still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, wait ing for con fide nee to retur n.21.ln the first paragraph, Damien Hirst's sale was r eferred to as “a last victory ” because _________ .A. the art market had wit nessed a successi on of victoriesB. the auct ion eer fin ally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC. Beautiful In side My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD. it was successfully made just before the world finan cial crisis22. By say ing “ spe ndin gof any sort became deeply un fashi on able ”(Line -2,Para.3), the authorsuggests that ____ .A. collectors were no Ion ger actively in volved in art-market auct ionsB .people stopped every kind of spe nding and stayed away from galleriesC. art collect ion as a fashi on had lost its appeal to a great exte ntD .works of art in gen eral had gone out of fashi on so they were not worth buying23. Which of the followi ng stateme nts is NOT true?A .Sales of con temporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008.B. The art market surpassed many other in dustries in mome ntum.C. The market gen erally went dow nward in various ways.D. Some art dealers were await ing better cha nces to come.24. The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ___A. aucti on houses ' favoritesB. con temporary trendsC. factors promoti ng artwork circulati onD. styles represe nti ng impressi oni sts25. The most appropriate title for this text could be __A. Fluctuati on of Art PricesB. Up-to-date Art Auctio nsC. Art Market in Decli neD. Shifted In terest in ArtsText2I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room —a women's group that had invited men to jointhem. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said, "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true," he expla in ed. "Whe n I come home from work, I have nothing to say. If she did n't keep the con versati on going, we'd spe nd the whole evening in sile nee."This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The patter n was observed by political scie ntist An drew Hacker in the late 1970s. Sociologist Catheri neKohler Riessma n reports in her new book "Divorce Talk" that most of the wome n she in terviewed —butonly a few of the men—gave lack of com mun icatio n as the reas on for their divorces. Given the curre nt divorce rate of nearly 50 percent , that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year —a virtual epidemic of failed con versati on.In my own research compla ints from wome n about their husba nds most often focused not on tan gible in equities such as hav ing give n up the cha nee for a career to accompa ny a husba nd to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like clea ning, cook ing, social arran geme nts and erran ds. In stead they focused on com mun icati on: "He does n't liste n to me." "He does n't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husba nds to be first and foremost con versati onal partners but few husba nds share this expectatio n of their wives.In short the image that best represe nts the curre nt crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitt ing at the breakfast table with a n ewspaper held up in front of his face, while a woma n glares at the back of it, wan ti ng to talk.26. What is most wives' main expectati on of their husba nds?A. Talking to them.B. Trusti ng them.C. Support ing their careers.D. Shari ng housework.27. Judg ing from the con text, the phrase"wreak ing havoc (Li ne 3,Para.2)mkysrtn®anna_A. gen erati ng motivati on.B. exert ing in flue neeC. caus ing damageD. creati ng pressure28. All of the followi ng are true EXCEPT _____A. men tend to talk more in public than womenB. n early 50 perce nt of recent divorces are caused by failed con versati onC. wome n attach much importa nee to com mun icati on betwee n couplesD. a female tends to be more talkative at home tha n her spouse29. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?A. The moral decay ing deserves more research by sociologists.B. Marriage break-up stems from sex in equalities.C. Husba nd and wife have differe nt expectati ons from their marriage.D. Con versati onal patter ns betwee n man and wife are differe nt.30. I n the followi ng part immediately after this text, the author will most probably focus on ______A. a vivid acco unt of the new book Divorce TalkB. a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC. other possible reas ons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D. a brief in troducti on to the political scie ntist An drew HackerText 3Over the past decade, many compa nies had perfected the art of creat ing automatic behaviors — habits—among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat sn acks, apply lotio ns and wipe coun ters almost without thinking, ofte n in resp onse to a carefully desig ned set of daily cues.“ There are fun dame ntal public health problems, like dirty hands in stead of a soap habit, that remainkillers only because we can ' t figure out how to change people ' s habits, ” Dr. Curtis said.“ Wlearn from private in dustry how to create new behaviors that happe n automatically. ”The compa nies that Dr. Curtis turned to —Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Un ilever —hadin vested hun dreds of milli ons of dollars finding the subtle cues in con sumers ' lives that corporat use to in troduce new routi nes.If you look hard eno ugh, you ' ll find that many of the products we use every dachew ing gums, skin —moisturizers, dis in fect ing wipes, air freshe ners, water purifiers, health sn acks, an tiperspira nts, colog nes, teeth white ners, fabric softe ners, vitami ns —are results of manu factured habits. A cen tury ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaig ns, many America ns habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preve nti ng scrub twice a day, ofte n with Colgate, Crest or one of the other bran ds.A few decades ago, many people didn ' dtink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companiesstarted bottli ng the product ion of far-off spri ngs, and now office workers unthinkin gly sip bottled water all day long. Chew ing gum, once bought primarily by adolesce nt boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in betwee n hair brush ing and putt ing on makeup.“ Ouiproducts succeed whe n they become part of daily or weekly patter ns, said Carol Berning, a con sumer psychologist who rece ntly retired from Procter & Gamble, the compa ny that sold $76 billi on of Tide, Crest and other products last year. “ Creatingpositive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers ' lives, and it ' s essential to making new products commercially viable. ”Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new scienee of habit has emerged, con troversies have erupted whe n the tactics have bee n used to sell questi on able beauty creams or un healthy foods.31. Accord ing to Dr. Curtis, habits like hand wash ing with soap ______ .[A] should be further cultivated[B] should be cha nged gradually[C] are deeply rooted in history[D] are basically private concerns32. Bottled water, chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to __[A] reveal their impact on people ' s habits[B] show the urge nt n eed of daily n ecessities[C] indicate their effect on people ' s buying power[D] mani fest the sig ni fica nt role of good habits33. Which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people ' s habits?[A] Tide [B] Crest[C] Colgate [D] Un ilever34. From the text we know that some of consumer ' s habits are developed due to _____[A] perfected art of products [B]automatic behavior creati on[C]commercial promotio ns [D]scie ntific experime nts35. The author ' s attitude toward the in flue nee of advertiseme nt on people ' s habits is ___[A] in differe nt [B] n egative[C] positive [D] biasedText4Many America ns regard the jury system as a con crete expressi on of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally compete nt to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected ran domly from a represe ntative cross secti on of the com muni ty; that no citize n should be denied the right to serve on a jury on acco unt of race, religi on, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the con scie nce of the com muni ty a nd not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best survivi ng example of direct rather tha n represe ntative democracy .In a direct democracy, citize ns take turns gover ning themselves, rather tha n electi ng represe ntatives to gover n for them.But as rece ntly as in 1986, jury select ion procedures con flicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrim in ati on in jury selectio n as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virgi nia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly in elude wome n on juries un til the mid-20th cen tury. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898, it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty uni ess they pers on ally asked to have their n ames in eluded on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Con gress of the Un ited States passed the Jury Select ion and Service Act, usheri ng in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury. This law abolished special educati onal requireme nts for federal jurors and required them to be selected at ran dom from a cross sect ion of the en tire com muni ty. In the Iandmark 1975 decision Taylor vs. Louisiana, theSupreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrim in ati on in jury select ion to be uncon stituti onal and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.36. From the prin ciples of the US jury system, we lear n that ____[A] both liberate and illiterate people can serve on juries[B] defe ndants are immune from trial by their peers[C] no age limit should be imposed for jury service[D] judgme nt should con sider the opinion of the public37. The practice of select ing so-called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed ___[A] the in adequacy of an tidiscrim in ati on laws[B] the prevale nt discrim in ati on aga inst certa in races[C] the con flict ing ideals in jury selecti on procedures[D] the arroga nee com mon among the Supreme Court justices38. Even in the 1960s, women were seldom on the jury list in some states because ____[A] they were automatically banned by state laws[B] they fell far short of the required qualificati ons[C] they were supposed to perform domestic duties[D] they ten ded to evade public en gageme nt39. After the Jury Select ion and Service Act was passed. _[A] sex discrim in atio n in jury select ion was uncon stituti onal and had to be abolished[B] educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors[C] jurors at the state level ought to be represe ntative of the en tire com mun ity[D] states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40. In discuss ing the US jury system, the text cen ters on _____[A] its n ature and problems[B] its characteristics and tradition[C] its problems and their soluti ons[D] its traditi on and developme ntSecti on 皿Tran slati on46. D irectio ns:In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWERSHEET2.(15poi nts)“ Suata in ability has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the con cept will always havepers onal meaning. Having en dured apa inful period of un susta in ability in his own life made itclear to himthat sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice。
2006年全国考研英语完形填空真题解析.doc
2006年考研英语完形填空真题解析The homeless make up a growing percentage of America's population. 1 homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can't possibly 2 . To help homeless people 3 independence, the federal government must support job training programs, 4 the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.5 everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates6 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million.7 the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is8 , one of the federal government's studies9 that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.Finding ways to 10 this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. 11 when homeless individuals manage to find a 12 that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day 13 the street. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others, 14 not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15 skills needed to turn their lives 16 . Boston Globe reporter Chris Reedy notes that the situation will improve only when there are 17 programs that address the many needs of the homeless. 18 Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, 19 it. "There has to be 20 of programs. What we need is a package deal."1.[A]Indeed[B]Likewise[C]Therefore[D]Furthermore2.[A]stand[B]cope[C]approve[D]retain3.[A]in[B]for[C]with[D]toward4.[A]raise[B]add[C]take[D]keep5.[A]Generally[B]Almost[C]Hardly[D]Not6.[A]cover[B]change[C]range[D]differ7.[A]Now that[B] Although[C] Provided[D] Except that8.[A]inflating[B]expanding[C]increasing[D]extending9.[A]predicts[B]displays[C]proves[D]discovers10.[A]assist[B]track[C]sustain[D]dismiss11.[A]Hence[B] But[C] Even[D] Only12.[A]lodging[B]shelter[C]dwelling[D]house13.[A]searching[B]strolling[C]crowding[D]wandering14.[A]when[B]once[C]while[D]whereas15.[A]life[B]existence[C]survival[D]maintenance16.[A]around[B]over[C]on[D]up17.[A]complex[B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D]compensating18.[A]So[B] Since[C] As[D] Thus19.[A]puts[B]interprets[C]assumes[D]makes20.[A]supervision[B]manipulation[C]regulation[D]coordination文章背景本文主要介绍了美国社会中的无家可归者，以及他们目前的现状：他们的数量已经增长至地方政府对付不了的地步，需要联邦政府采取措施帮助他们重新获得自立。
2006年考研英语真题答案及解析
公众号“考试狗的学习秘籍”提供
关注免费领取更多资料
的词只有 C，range 常与 from…to 搭配表示“从……到……范围”。故正确答案为 C。
7.[A] Now that 既然，由于
[B] Although 虽然，尽管
[C] Provided 倘若 [D] Except that 除……外
【答案】 B
2006 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）答案详解
Section I Use of English
一、文章结构分析
本文介绍了美国无家可归者日益增多这个社会问题。第一、二段分析问题的严重性，指出在美国无家可归者的数量
不断增长，已经到了联邦政府必须采取措施给他们提供帮助的地步。第三段指出帮助无家可归者的任务相当艰巨，
[B] Since 自从；因为，既然 [C] As 正如
[D] Thus 因而
【答案】 C
【考点】 逻辑搭配
【难度系数】 0.604
【解析】这个空要结合其后面的内容，上句谈到是 comprehensive program，后面一句谈到的是 a package deal，两者
显然是指差不多的内容，两者相当的内容，只能是并列结构，只有 C 是表示这种关系的连词，故答案为 C。如果考
9.[A] predicts 预测 [B] displays 陈列，展示
[C] proves 证明
[D] discovers 发现
【答案】 A
【考点】 词义辨析
【难度系数】 0.718
【解析】空后说无家可归的数字在这个 10 年的后半期会达到 10 million，显然这是表示将来的数据，对于将来的数
归者在美国人口中的比例越来越大”，空后“无家可归者达到如此高的比例，以至于到了当地政府无法……”。从
2006年考研英语真题及答案完整解析
2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I U se of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population.1 homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments can’t possibly 2. To help homeless people 3 independence, the federal government must support job training programs, 4 the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.5 everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are homeless. Estimates6 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million.7 the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is 8. One of the federal government’s studies 9 thatthe number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.Finding ways to 10 this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. 11 when homeless individuals manage to find a 12 that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day 13 thestreet. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have seriousmental disorders. Many others, 14 not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15 skills needed to turn their lives16. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation willimprove only when there are 17 programs that address the many needs of the homeless. 18 Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, 19 it, “There has to be 20 of programs. What’s needed is a package deal.”1. [A] Indeed[B] Likewise[C] Therefore[D] Furthermore2. [A] stand[B] cope[C] approve[D] retain3. [A] in[B] for[C] with[D] toward4. [A] raise[B] add[C] take[D] keep5. [A] generally[B] almost[C] hardly[D] not6. [A] cover[B] change[C] range[D] differ7. [A] Now that[B] Although[C] Provided[D] Except that8. [A] inflating[B] expanding[C] increasing[D] extending9. [A] predicts[B] displays[C] proves[D] discovers10. [A] assist[B] track[C] sustain[D] dismiss11. [A] Hence[B] But[C] Even[D] Only12. [A] lodging[B] shelter[C] dwelling[D] house13. [A] searching[B] strolling[C] crowding[D] wandering14. [A] when[B] once[C] while[D] whereas15. [A] life[B] existence[C] survival[D] maintenance16. [A] around[B] over[C] on[D] up17. [A] complex[B] comprehensive[C] complementary[D] compensating18. [A] So[B] Since[C] As[D] Thus19. [A] puts[B] interprets[C] assumes[D] makes20. [A] supervision[B] manipulation[C] regulation[D] coordinationSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C], or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference” characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered “vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented levels nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation -- language, home ownership and intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English ‘well’or ‘very well’ after ten years of residence.” The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.”Hence the description of America as a “graveyard” for languages. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S.-born whites and blacks.”By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.21. The word “homogenizing” (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means________.[A] identifying[B] associating[C] assimilating[D] monopolizing22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century________.[A] played a role in the spread of popular culture[B] became intimate shops for common consumers[C] satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite[D] owed its emergence to the culture of consumption23. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S. ________.[A] are resistant to homogenization[B] exert a great influence on American culture[C] are hardly a threat to the common culture[D] constitute the majority of the population24. Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned inParagraph 5?[A] To prove their popularity around the world.[B] To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.[C] To give examples of successful immigrants.[D] To show the powerful influence of American culture.25. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into Americansociety is ________.[A] rewarding[B] successful[C] fruitless[D] harmfulText 2Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry -- William Shakespeare -- but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus -- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side -- don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) -- lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.26. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that ________.[A] the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenue[B] the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage[C] the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms[D] the townsfolk earn little from tourism27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.[A] the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately[B] the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers[C] the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers[D] the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater28. By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” (Line 2-3, Paragraph4), the author implies that ________.[A] Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects[B] Stratford has long been in financial difficulties[C] the town is not really short of money[D] the townsfolk used to be poorly paid29. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because________.[A] ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending[B] the company is financially ill-managed[C] the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable[D] the theatre attendance is on the rise30. From the text we can conclude that the author ________.[A] is supportive of both sides[B] favors the townsfolk’s view[C] takes a detached attitude[D] is sympathetic to the RSCText 3When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomassof large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now.Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline.” The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that________.[A] large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones32. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that ________.[A] the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reducedby 90%[B] there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago[C] the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the originalamount[D] the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheriesthan in the old33. By saying "these figures are conservative" (Line 1, paragraph 3),Dr. Worm means that ________.[A] fishing technology has improved rapidly[B] the catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded[C] the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss[D] the data collected so far are out of date34. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that ________.[A] people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time[B] fisheries should keep their yields below 50% of the biomass[C] the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level[D] people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changingsituation35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’________.[A] management efficiency[B] biomass level[C] catch-size limits[D] technological applicationText 4Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda -- to lure us to open our wallets -- they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. “Celebrate!”commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.But what we forget -- what our economy depends on us forgetting -- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.36. By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the authorintends to show that ________.[A] poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music[B] art grows out of both positive and negative feelings[C] poets today are less skeptical of happiness[D] artists have changed their focus of interest37. The word “bummer”(Line 5, paragraph 5) most probably meanssomething ________.[A] religious[B] unpleasant[C] entertaining[D] commercial38. In the author’s opinion, advertising ________.[A] emerges in the wake of the anti-happy art[B] is a cause of disappointment for the general public[C] replaces the church as a major source of information[D] creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself39. We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes________.[A] happiness more often than not ends in sadness[B] the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing[C] misery should be enjoyed rather than denied[D] the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms40. Which of the following is true of the text?[A] Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.[B] Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.[C] People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.[D] Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There are two extra choices, which you do not need to use in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino (a place where gambling games are played). During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling.He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a "Fun Card", which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user’s gambling activities. For Williams, those activities become what he calls "electronic heroin".(41) ________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem.In March 1998 a friend of Williams’s got him involuntarily confinedto a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams’s gambling problem. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a “cease admissions”letter. Noting the medical/psychological nature of problem gambling behavior, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.(42) ________.The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 24 signs warning: “Enjoy the fun... and always bet with your head, not over it.” Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams’s suit charges that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling,”intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will.” Well.(43) ________.The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says “pathological gambling” involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall.(44) ________. Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.(45) ________.Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on -- you might say addicted to -- revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gamblers’ dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of Newsweek reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the Web’s most profitable business.[A] Although no such evidence was presented, the casino’s marketingdepartment continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected.[B]It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior.And in what sense was his will operative?[C] By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he couldget back to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit.[D] Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but fora long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease.Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is the government.[E] David Williams’s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it.[F] It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioralproblems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will.[G] The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling isespecially conducive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckberger told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected America. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? 46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems. He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. 47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals -- the average scientist, for one. 48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties -- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufactureevidence, or doctor his reports. 49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his waking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. 50) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. This description even fits the majority of eminent scholars. Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in "public and illustrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, is something else.Section III WritingPart A51. DirectionsYou want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should1. describe the photos briefly,2. interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and3. give your point of view.You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)有两幅图片，图1 把崇拜写在脸上；图2 花300元做“小贝头”注：Beckham是英国足球明星有两张照片，一张照片上有一位男士脸上写着足球明星的名字，另一张照片上有一个男子在理发，他要求理发师为他设计一个小贝克汉姆的发型。
2006考研英语阅读真题及详细解析
2006 Text 1In spite of ―endless talk of difference‖，American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is ―the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse，and the casualness and absence of deference‖ characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into ―a culture of consumption‖ launched by the 19th——century dep artment stores that offered ―vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,‖ these were stores ―anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democ ratic act.‖ The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today's immigration is neither at unprecedented levels nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent .In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1，000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1, 000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation–language, home ownership and intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that ―a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countr ies of origin spoke English ―well‖ or ―very well‖ after ten years of residence.‖ The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. ―By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.‖ Hence the description of America as a ―graveyard‖ for languages. By 1996 foreign–born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a homeownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispan ics ―have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S–born whites and blacks.‖ By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian–American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet ―some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation‘s assimilative power.‖Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America‗s turbulent past, today‘s social induces hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.21.The word ―homogenizing‖（Line 1, Paragraph 1）most probably means[A] identifying [B] associating[C] assimilating [D] monopolizing22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century[A] played a role in the spread of popular culture.[B] became intimate shops for common consumers.[C] satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite.[D] owed its emergence to the culture of consumption23.The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S.[A] are resistant to homogenization.[B] exert a great influence on American culture.[C] are hardly a threat to the common culture.[D] constitute the majority of the population.24. Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5？[A] To prove their popularity around the world.[B] To reveal the public‘s fear of immigrants.[C] To give examples of successful immigrants.[D] To show the powerful influence of American culture.25.In the author‘s opinion，the absorption of immigrants into American society is[A] rewarding.[B] successful.[C] fruitless.[D] harmful.重点词汇：homogenize/ hə'mɔdʒənaiz/ vt. cause to become equal or homogeneous as by mixing；均质化，使（某物）成分均匀[例]homogenized milk 均质牛奶[形] homogeneous a. 由同类部分组成的[名] homogeneity n. 同种，同质[巧记]词头：homo- 同、相同如homophone n. 同音异形词；homosexual a. 同性恋的assimilation n. 同化, 同化作用, 消化[巧记]as+simil(er)+ationdemocratize / di'mɔkrətaiz/vt. become (more) democratic; of nations 使民主化[例]democratize the administration of an organization 使一组织的管理民主化[名] democracy n. 民主、民主政治，民主制度；democrat n. 民主主义者；（Democrat指美国民主党党员或其拥护者）democratization n. 民主化[形]democratic a. 民主的，民主政治的；民主作风的，平等的discourse [ dis'kɔ s, 'diskɔ s ] n. lengthy or serious treatment of a subject in speech or writing 论文、演讲vi. talk、preach or lecture about sth（usu at length）（通常长篇大论的）论说、宣扬或讲授某事物[例]The speaker discoursed knowledgeably on a variety of subjects 演讲者头头是道的论述了一系列问题。
06考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析
考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2006年Part OneIn spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. This is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of consumption “launched by the 19th –century department stores that offered ‘vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite.” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shoppin g into a public and democratic act.” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the Natio nal Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were percent of population; in 1900, percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation------language, home ownership and intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen mos t common countries of origin spoke English “well” or “very well” after ten years of residence.” The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.” Hence the description of America as a graveyard” for language. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrive before 1970 had a home ownership rate of percent, higher than the percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do whites and blacks.” By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez not that children in remote villages around world are fans of superstars like Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social induces suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.1. The word “homogenizing”（Line 2, Paragraph 1）most probably means___A. identifyingB. associatingC. assimilatingD. monopolizing2. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century___A. played a role in the spread of popular culture.B. became intimate shops for common consumers.C. satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite.D. owed its emergence to the culture of consumption.3. The text suggests that immigrants now in the A. are resistant to homogenization.B. exert a great influence on American culture.C. are hardly a threat to the common culture.the majority of the population.4. Why are Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?A. To prove their popularity around the world.B. To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.C. To give examples of successful immigrants.D. To show the powerful influence of American culture.5. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society isA. rewardingB. SuccessfulC. fruitlessD. harmfulUnit 13（2006）Part 1重点词汇：1. uniformity n. 一样，一致；统一性；（相关词）uniform a.相同的，统一标准的；be uniform with与……同一形式或外貌2. casualness n. 偶然，意外；草率行事；漫不经心；平心静气3. array ① n. 排列；一批，大量；显眼的一系列② vt. 排列，制定（计划等）：array oneself 装扮，打扮自己、搭配vast arrays of 大批的，大量的4. knowledgeable a. 有知识的，学识渊博的，有见识的5. amaze v. 使（某人）惊异或惊奇6. intimate a. 密切的，亲密的7. cater v. = provide food and service 提供饮食及服务; 搭配cater for（或to）提供饮食及服务，迎合（某人）8. elite n. 精英，尖子9. elevate vt. 提升，抬起，振作精神；使（人）欢欣鼓舞；提高（思想、道德品质、文化素质等）。
2006年考研英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2006年考研英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population. 【B1】homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can’t possibly 【B2】.To help homeless people 【B3】independence, the federal government must support job training programs, 【B4】the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing. 【B5】everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates 【B6】anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. 【B7】the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is 【B8】, one of the federal government’s studies 【B9】that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade. Finding ways to 【B10】this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. 【B11】when homeless individuals manage to find a 【B12】that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day 【B13】the street. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others, 【B14】not addicted or men tally ill, simply lack the everyday 【B15】skills needed to turn their lives 【B16】. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are 【B17】programs that address the many needs of the homeless. 【B18】Edward Blotkowsk, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, 【B19】it. “There has to be 【B20】of programs. What we need is a package deal”.1．【B1】A．IndeedB．LikewiseC．ThereforeD．Furthermore正确答案：A解析：这道题考查对上下文句子关系的把握。
2006年考研英语真题及解析
Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America?Indeed.It is big enough to have a bit of everything.But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past,today’s social indices hardly suggesta dark and deteriorating social environment.21.The word“homogenizing”(Line2,Paragraph1)most probably means________.[A]identifying[B]associating[C]assimilating[D]monopolizing22.According to the author,the department stores of the19th century________.[A]played a role in the spread of popular culture[B]became intimate shops for common consumers[C]satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite[D]owed its emergence to the culture of consumption23.The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S.________.[A]are resistant to homogenization[B]exert a great influence on American culture[C]are hardly a threat to the common culture[D]constitute the majority of the population24.Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph5?[A]To prove their popularity around the world.[B]To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.[C]To give examples of successful immigrants.[D]To show the powerful influence of American culture.25.In the author’s opinion,the absorption of immigrants into American society is_______.[A]rewarding[B]successful[C]fruitless[D]harmfulText2Stratford-on-Avon,as we all know,has only one industry—William Shakespeare—but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.There is the Royal Shakespeare Company(RSC),which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon.And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come,not to see the plays,but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny totheir revenue.They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors,them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness.It’s all deliciously ironic when youconsider that Shakespeare,who earns their living,was himself an actor(with a beard)and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate.The sightseers who come by bus—and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side—don’t usually see the plays,and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford.However,the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing.It is the playgoers,the RSC contends,who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night(some of them four or five nights)pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don’t see it this way and the local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company.Stratford cries poor traditionally.Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge.Hilton is building its own hotel there,which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars,the Lear Lounge,the Banquo Banqueting Room,and so forth,and will be very expensive.Anyway,the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy.(The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a st year its1,431seats were94per cent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.)The reason,of course,is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele.They come entirely for the plays,not the sights.They all seem to look alike(though they come from all over)—lean,pointed,dedicated faces,wearing jeans and sandals,eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the20seats and80standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at10:30a.m.26.From the first two paragraphs,we learn that________.[A]the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenue[B]the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage[C]the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms[D]the townsfolk earn little from tourism27.It can be inferred from Paragraph3that________.[A]the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately[B]the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers[C]the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers[D]the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater28.By saying“Stratford cries poor traditionally”(Line2,Paragraph4),the author implies that______.[A]Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects[B]Stratford has long been in financial difficulties[C]the town is not really short of money[D]the townsfolk used to be poorly paid29.According to the townsfolk,the RSC deserves no subsidy because________.[A]ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending[B]the company is financially ill-managed[C]the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable[D]the theatre attendance is on the rise30.From the text we can conclude that the author________.[A]is supportive of both sides[B]favors the townsfolk’s view[C]takes a detached attitude[D]is sympathetic to the RSCText3When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world,something strange happened to the large animals:they suddenly became extinct.Smaller species survived.The large,slow-growing animals were easy game,and were quickly hunted to extinction.Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.Whatresearchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing.They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world.Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass(the amount of living biological matter)of fish species in particular parts of the ocean,but rather changes in that biomass over time.According to their latest paper published in Nature,the biomass of large predators(animals that kill and eat other animals)in a new fishery is reduced on average by80%within15years of the start of exploitation.In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.Dr.Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative.One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved.Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar,which were not available50years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught,so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.In the early days,too,longlines would have been more saturated with fish.Some individuals would therefore not have been caught,since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them,leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past.Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing,a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked.That is no longer a problem,because there are fewer sharks around now.Dr.Myers and Dr.Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline,which future management efforts must take into account.They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists,that of the“shifting baseline”.The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past.That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about50%of its original levels.Most fisheries are well below that,which is a bad way to do business.31.The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that________.[A]large animals were vulnerable to the changing environment[B]small species survived as large animals disappeared[C]large sea animals may face the same threat today[D]slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones32.We can infer from Dr.Myers and Dr.Worm’s paper that________.[A]the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by90%[B]there are only half as many fisheries as there were15years ago[C]the catch sizes in new fisheries are only20%of the original amount[D]the number of large predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old33.By saying“these figures are conservative”(Line1,paragraph3),Dr.Worm means that________.[A]fishing technology has improved rapidly[B]then catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded[C]the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss[D]the data collected so far are out of date34.Dr.Myers and other researchers hold that________.[A]people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time[B]fisheries should keep their yields below50%of the biomass[C]the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level[D]people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changing situation35.The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’________.[A]management efficiency[B]biomass level[C]catch-size limits[D]technological applicationText4Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest may be this:artists’only job is to explore emotions,and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so.The earliest forms of art,like painting and music,are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere from the19th century onward,more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless,phony or, worst of all,boring,as we went from Wordsworth’sdaffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war,disaster and the massacre of innocents.The reason,in fact,may be just the opposite:there is too much damn happiness in the world today.After all,what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising.The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media,and with it,a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.[D]Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.Part BDirections:In the following article,some sentences have been removed.For Questions41-45,choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of numbered gaps.There are two extra choices,which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville,Ind., home of David Williams,52,and of a riverboat casino(a place where gambling games are played).During several years of gambling in that casino,Williams,a state auditor earning$35,000a year,lost approximately $175,000.He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for$20worth of gambling.He visited the casino,lost the$20and left.On his second visit he lost$800.The casino issued to him,as a good customer,a“Fun Card”,which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks,and enables the casino to track the user’s gambling activities.For Williams,these activities become what he calls“electronic heroin”.(41)________.In1997he lost$21,000to one slot machine in two days.In March1997he lost$72,186.He sometimes played two slot machines at a time,all night,until the boat docked at5a.m.,then went back aboard when the casino opened at9a.m.Now he is suing the casino,charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted.It did know he had a problem.In March1998a friend of Williams’s got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions,and wrote to inform the casino of Williams’s gambling problem.The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers,and wrote to him a“cease admissions”letter.Noting the“medical/psychological”nature of problem gambling behavior,the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.(42)________.The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has24signs warning:“Enjoy the fun...and always bet with your head,not over it.”Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health.Nevertheless,Williams’s suit charges that the casino,knowing he was“helplessly addicted to gambling,”intentionally worked to“lure”him to“engage in conduct against his will.”Well.(43)________.The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says“pathological gambling”involves persistent,recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of the thrill of taking risks in quest ofa windfall.(44)________.Pushed by science,or what claims to be science,society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.(45)________.Forty-four states have lotteries,29have casinos,and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on—you might say addicted to—revenues from wagering.And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995,competition for gamblers’dollars has become intense.The Oct.28issue of Newsweek reported that2160-200words neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20points)2006年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）答案详解Section I Use of English一、文章结构分析本文介绍了美国无家可归者日益增多这个社会问题。
06考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析
考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2006年Part OneIn spite of “endless talk of difference, ”American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. This is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of consumption “launched by the 19th –century department stores that offered ‘vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead ofintimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite. ”these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turnedshoppin g into a public and democratic act. ”The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which maynot be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for theNational Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today ’s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant toassimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived forevery 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation------language, homeownership and intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from eachof the fifteen most commoncountries of origin spoke English “well ”or “very well ”after ten years of residence. ”The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families. ”Hence the description of America as a graveyard ”for language. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrive before 1970 had a home ownershiprate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate amongnative-born Americans.Foreign- born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S- born whites and blacks. ”By the third generation, one third of Hispanic womenare married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez not that children in remote villages around world are fans of superstars like Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remainsomehow immune to the nation ’s assimilative power. ”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today ’s social induces suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.13.7The word “homogenizing”（Line 2, Paragraph 1）most probably means___A. identifyingB. associatingC. assimilatingD. monopolizing13.8According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century___A. played a role in the spread of popular culture.B. became intimate shops for common consumers.C. satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite.D. owed its emergence to the culture of consumption.13.9 The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S.___A. are resistant to homogenization.B. exert a great influence on American culture.C. are hardly a threat to the common culture.D.constitute the majority of the population.13.10 Why are Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?A. To prove their popularity around the world.B. To reveal the public ’s fear of immigrants.C. To give examples of successful immigrants.D. To show the powerful influence of American culture.13.11 In the author ’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society isA. rewardingB. SuccessfulC. fruitlessD. harmfulUnit 13 （2006）Part 1重点词汇：13.12uniformity n. 一样，一致；统一性；（相关词）uniform a. 相同的，统一标准的；be uniform with 与,, 同一形式或外貌13.13casualness n. 偶然，意外；草率行事；漫不经心；平心静气13.14array ①n. 排列；一批，大量；显眼的一系列②vt. 排列，制定（计划等）：array oneself 装扮，打扮自己、搭配vast arrays of 大批的，大量的13.15knowledgeable a. 有知识的，学识渊博的，有见识的13.16amaze v. 使（某人）惊异或惊奇13.17intimate a. 密切的，亲密的13.18cater v. = provide food and service 提供饮食及服务; 搭配cater for （或to ）提供饮食及服务，迎合（某人）13.19elite n. 精英，尖子13.20elevate vt. 提升，抬起，振作精神；使（人）欢欣鼓舞；提高（思想、道德品质、文化素质等）。