词汇学练习
词汇学试题及答案
词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学是研究语言中词汇的科学，它主要研究的是语言中的（）。
A. 词汇的构成B. 词汇的意义C. 词汇的运用D. 词汇的演变答案：A2. 下列哪一项不是词汇学的研究内容？（）A. 词义的演变B. 词义的分类C. 词义的辨析D. 语法规则答案：D3. 词汇学中，词素是指（）。
A. 构成词的基本单位B. 词的发音单位C. 词的书写单位D. 词的意义单位答案：A4. 在词汇学中，语义场是指（）。
A. 词义的分类B. 词义的演变C. 词义的辨析D. 一组词义相关的词答案：D5. 词汇学研究中，同义词是指（）。
A. 意义完全相同的词B. 意义相近的词C. 形式相同的词D. 用法相同的词答案：B6. 下列哪一项不是词汇学中词义的分类？（）A. 抽象意义B. 具体意义C. 语法意义D. 色彩意义答案：C7. 词汇学中，词义的演变通常包括（）。
A. 词义的扩大B. 词义的缩小C. 词义的转移D. 以上都是答案：D8. 词汇学中，词义的辨析主要研究的是（）。
A. 词与词之间的联系B. 词与词之间的差异C. 词与词之间的相似性D. 词与词之间的对立答案：B9. 在词汇学中，词义的模糊性是指（）。
A. 词义的不确定性B. 词义的明确性C. 词义的多重性D. 词义的单一性答案：A10. 词汇学中，词义的多义性是指（）。
A. 一个词有多种意义B. 一个词只有一种意义C. 一个词的意义是固定的D. 一个词的意义是单一的答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学中的词素是指构成词的________。
答案：基本单位2. 语义场是指一组________的词。
答案：词义相关3. 同义词是指意义________的词。
答案：相近4. 词义的演变包括词义的________、________和________。
答案：扩大、缩小、转移5. 词义的辨析主要研究的是词与词之间的________。
（完整word版）词汇学练习
（完整word版）词汇学练习Chapter 5 Word Meaning (练习4)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.C 1. A word is the combination of form and ________.A. spellingB. writingC. meaningD. denoting2.B_____is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective worldin the human mind.A. ReferenceB. ConceptC. SenseD. Context3.Sense denotes the relationships ____D_the language.A. outsideB. withC. beyondD. inside4. Most English words can be said to be __A_____.A. non-motivatedB. motivatedC. connectedD. related5. Trumpet is a(n) ____C___motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. semanticallyC. onomatopoeicallyD.etymologically6.Hopeless is a ____A__motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD.etymologically7. In the sentence ‘He is fond of pen ’, pen is a _C_____ motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically8.Walkman is a ___D___motivated word.A. onomatopoeicallyB. morphologicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically9.Functional words possess strong __A___ whereas content words haveboth meanings, and lexical meaning in particular.A. grammatical meaningB. conceptual meaningC. associative meaningD. arbitrary meaning10.____B___is unstable, varying considerably according to culture, historical period, and the experience of the individual.A.Stylistic meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Collocative meaningD. Affective meaning11.Affective meaning indicates the speaker’s __C_____towards the person or thing in question.A. feelingB. likingC. attitudeD. understanding12. _B_____ are affective words as they are expressions of emotions such as oh, dear me, alas.A. PrepositionsB. InterjectionsC. ExclamationsD. Explanations13. It is noticeable that D_______overlaps with stylistic and affective meanings because in a sense both stylistic and affective meanings are revealed by means of collocations.A.conceptual meaningB. grammatical meaningC. lexical meaningD. collocative meaning14.In the same language, the same concept can be expressed in ____D__.A. only one wordB. two wordsC. more than threeD. different words15.Reference is the relationship between language and the __C____.A. speakersB. listenersC. worldD. specific country16.P olysemy is a common feature peculiar to ___C___.A. English onlyB. Chinese onlyC. all natural languagesD. some natural languages17.F rom the ___B___ point of view, polysemy is assumed to be the resultof growth and development of the semantic structure of one and same word .A. linguisticB. diachronicC. synchronicD. traditional18.___A____ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning standsat the center and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rayes.A .Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection19.. ____D_____ is the semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning.A. DerivationB. RadiationC. InflectionD. Concatenation20. One important criterion to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is to see their _____CA. spellingB. pronunciationC. etymologyD. usage21. ___B___refer to one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning.A. PolysemantsB. SynonymsC. AntonymsD. Hyponyms22. The sense relation between the two words tulip and flower is ___A____.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy23. _____B____ are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. bow/bau/; bow/beu/.A. HomophonesB. HomographsC. Perfect homonymsD. Antonyms24. The antonyms: male and female are __A____.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms25. The antonyms big and small are ___B___.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD.connected terms26. The antonyms husband and wife are _____C_.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms27. Composition and compounding in lexicology are words of A__.A. absolute synonymsB. relative synonymsC. relative antonymsD. contrary antonyms28. As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly __B____, they are often employed in a conversation to create puns for desired effect of humor, sarcasm or ridicule.A. homographsB. homophonesC. absolute homonymsD. antonyms29.F rom the diachronic point of view, when the word was created, it wasendowed with only one meaning . The first meaning is called __A____.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. basic meaning30.S ynchronically, the basic meaning of a word is the core ofword-meaning called____C___.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. secondary meaningII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.1.In modern English one may find some words whose sounds suggesttheir ______/doc/6c9d2664148884868762caaedd3383c4bb4cb4f0.html pounds and derived words are ______ words and the meanings ofmany are the sum total of the morphemes combined.3._______ refers to the mental associations suggested by theconceptual meaning of a word.4.The meanings of many words often relate directly to their ______. Inother words the history of the word explains the meaning of the word.5.Lexical meaning itself has two components : conceptual meaning and_________.6.One important criterion for differentiation of homonyms frompolysemants is to see their ____, the second principal consideration is ________.7.In dictionaries, a polysemant has its meanings all listed under one______whereas homonyms are listed as separate ______.8.The differences between synonyms boil down to three areas : _______,connotation ,and _____.9.Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion. That is,the meaning of a more specific word is included in that of another more general word. The general words are called the_____terms and the more specific words are called the _____ terms.III. Match the words or expression in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) discrimination of synonyms 2) types of antonyms 3) sources of synonyms.A B1. difference in denotation A. dead/alive2. borrowing B. handy/ manual3. dialects and regional English C. old / young4. contradictory terms D. answer the letter / reply to the letter5. figurative and euphemistic use of words E. jim6. contrary terms F. want/wish/desire7. difference in connotation G. dreamer /star-gazer8. coincidence with idiomatic expressions H. employer / employee9. difference in application I. help/ lend one a hand10. relative terms J. foe / enemyIV. Define the following terms .1. motivation2. hoponymy 4. semantic fieldV.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.1. What is reference ?2. What are sources of synonyms ?VI. Question:1. Explain the types of associative meaning with examples.2. Write the following words into a tree-like graph:vegetable, meat, pork, beef, turnip, carrot, bread, food, cake, cornflakes, cereal.Key to exercises:I. 1. C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.B 11.C12.B 13.D 14.D 15.C 16. C 17.B 18.A 19.D 20.C 21.B22.A 23.B 24.A 25.B 26 .C 27.A 28.B 29. A 30.CII. 1. meanings 2.multi-morphemic 3.Semantic motivation4.origins5.associative meaning6. etymology, semanticrelatedness 7.headword, entries 8.denotation, application 9.superordinate, subordinateIII.21. F 22.J 23.E 24.A 25.G 26.C 27.B 28.I 29. D30.H1. . Associative meaning comprises four types:(1)Connotative meaning . It refers to the overtones or associationssuggested by the conceptual meaning, traditionally known as connotations. It is not an essential part of the word-meaning, but associations that might occur in the mind of a particular user of the language. For example, mother , denoting a ‘female parent’, isoften associated with ‘love’, ‘care’, etc..(2)Stylistic meaning. Apart feom their conceptual meanings, manywords have stylistic features, which make them appropriate for different contexts. These distinctive features form the stylistic meanings of words . For example, pregnant, expecting, knockingup, in the club, etc., all can have the same conceptual meaning, but differ in their stylistic values.(3)Affective meaning. It indicates the speaker’s attitude towards theperson or thing in question. Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories :appreciative or pejorative. For example, famous, determined are words of positive overtones; notorious, pigheaded are of negative connotations implying disapproval, contempt or criticism.(4)Collocative meaning. It consists of the associations a word acquiresin its collocation. In other words, it is that part of the word-meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. For example, we say : pretty girl, pretty garden; we don’t say pretty typewriter. But sometimes there is some overlap between the collocations of the two words.2. food________________________________________________________ _meat vegetable cerealpork beef turnip carrot breadcake cornflakes。
词汇学综合练习
《词汇学》练习试题02PART ONE Multiple Choice（15%）DIRECTIONS: Altogether there are 15 statements in this section. Beneath each statement there are four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one that best completes the statement. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1. Morphology is the study about ___B____.A. words’ soundB. words’ formC. words’ meaningD. words’ collocation2. ____D__ has devoted much of his life to the construction of CL, that is, cognitive linguistics.认知语言学A. PlatoB. ChomskyC. SaussureD. Lakoff3. All the words in the following items are complex words except _____C_.A. cut-throatB. valuableC. wearD. runaway4. Negro, a(n) __A____ in American English, means a black man.A. taboo 禁忌B. euphemism委婉语C. jargon 行话D. colloquialism白话5. _D_____ had been the temporary official language in the UK Island in the 11-12th centuries.A. ChineseB. NorseC. DutchD. French6. The word bazaar from Persian is regarded as a kind of __B____.A. denizenB. alienC. translation loanD. semantic loan7. The following underlined morphemes in the words are all bound morphemes except __B____.A. teachingB. man-madeC. humanismD. assistance8. In shorting, there are various forms for the shortened words, and “dorm” belongs to ___C___.A. initialismB. acronymC. clippingD. blending9. The word “fame” in the sentence “He came to this city seeking money and fame.” refers to its __B____ meaning.A. stylisticB. affectiveC. socialD. reflected10. The word “face” is defined as “the surface of the front of the head from the top of the forehead to the base of the chin and from ear to ear” in the dictionary. Which of the following shows the central meaning ofA. What this generation must do is to face its problems.B. Don't show your face on my property again.C. We saw many new faces on the first day of classes.D. The young girl offered a sweet kiss on his face.11. The word “busyboy” used to refer to a busy person, but now it refers to any officious and meddlesome person, so “busyboy” has undergone ______ in its change of meaning.A. extensionB. narrowingC. euphemismD. degradation12. The idiom “a black sleep” is a kind of _____ idioms in nature.A. nominalB. adjectivalC. verbalD. adverbial13. LDCE is a kind of ______.A. dictionaryB. thesaurusC. corpusD. vocabulary14. In Old English, most words have ______.A. few word endingsB. no word endingsC. many word endingsD. few grammatical functions15. Which of the following groups of antonyms belongs to the same type of antonym with “alive /dead”?A. present /absentB. young /oldC. parents /childrenD. cop /thiefPART TWO Terms （5%）DIRECTIONS: In this part of the test, there are 5 terms from lexicology. Choose the right words or phrases from the list given below to best explain these terms. Write the proper answer on the ANSWER SHEET.A. The branch of linguistics that deals with the lexical component of language.B. The element that carries the main component of meaning in a word and provides the basis from which a word is derived by adding affixes or inflectional endings or by phonetic change.C. The act or an example of substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered harsh, blunt, or offensive, such as “pass away” for “die”.D. The data bank of e-textsE. The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.16. syntax ( )17. corpus ( )18. root ( )19. euphemism ( )20. lexicology ( )PART THREE Morphemes （10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 morphemes in this section. You are required to find the appropriate meaning for each morpheme and write the right choice on the ANSWER SHEET.The possible meanings of morphemes:A. femaleB. metalC. offD. too muchE. a littleF. negativeG. takeH. threeI. smallest J. chief21. tripod ( ) 22. minibus ( )23. receive ( ) 24. archetype ( )25. antiwar ( ) 26. deoxygenate ( )27. reddish ( ) 28. uranium ( )29. overwork ( ) 30. millionaires ( )PART FOUR Word Formation （10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 underlined words in this section. You are required to find the appropriate method to form the underlined words given below. Write the right choice on the ANSWER SHEET.A. shorteningB. suffixationC. prefixationD. compoundE. conversionF. reduplicationG. borrowing H. onomatopoeia I. metaphorical shift J. proper names31. Don’t make a pig of yourself even though you feel very hungry.32. There are some go-go industries such as micro-processing and laser technology.33. D-day refers to the unnamed day on which an operation or offensive is to be launched, especially June 6, 1944, the day on which the Allied forces invaded France during World War II.34. This alloy is formed by the fusion of two types of metal.35. It is time-wasting to set about doing this business.36. The little boys head forward to the remote village.37. This helps us to know better about the Middle East bazaar.38. The birds chirp softly, sounding almost like young pups.39. The Christian heaven can be seen as a sort of spiritual utopia.40. Could you consult your parents about the question?PART FIVE Sense relations （10%）required to pick out the right group of words to show the same sense relations in each pair of words, and write down the appropriate choice on the ANSWER SHEET.41. AGREE: DENYA. true: falseB. live: dieC. marry: divorceD. tall: short42. GIGANTIC: ENORMOUSA. hospitable: hostileB. numerous: countableC. terrific: wonderfulD. respectable: disdainful43. SUCCESS: FAILUREA. win: loseB. happiness: wealthC. care: loveD. victory: triumph44. CAMERA: PICTUREA. television: remoteB. VCR: expertiseC. duplicator: carbonD. projector: movie45. FATHER: MOTHERA. right: wrongB. teacher: studentC. north: southD. east: west46. ROSE: LOVEA. dove: peaceB. dark: pitchC. pig: swineD. cat: tigerA. cooker: ovenB. cupboard: trunkC. television: radioD. jug: water48. SCHOOL: EDUCATIONA. hospital: patientB. office: duplicatorC. Hotel: lobbyD. restaurant: food49. SURPRISE: ASTONISHA. little: smallB. fearful: terribleC. busy: business D: happy: joyful50. COP: POLICEMANA. fame: prestigeB. detective: suspectC. bull: cowD. teacher: knowledgePART SIX English Idioms （10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 idiomatic phrases listed in this section. You are required to fill in the blanks with these phrases to show the same rhetorical features with the one before them. Write the right choice on the ANSWER SHEET.A. safe and sound: ( 51 ) ( 52 )B. pass away: ( 53 ) ( 54 )C. eat like a horse: ( 55 ) ( 56 )D. here and there: ( 57 ) ( 58 )E. shed crocodile tears: ( 59 ) ( 60 )PART SEVEN Affixes（10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 words in this part of the test. You are required to add a prefix or suffix to the word to show its opposite meaning. Write the right answer (the whole word) on the ANSWER SHEET.Example: patient (impatient)61. logic ( ) 62. moral ( )63. regular ( ) 64. traditional ( )65. use ( ) 66. connect ( )67. fortune ( ) 68. sufficient ( )69. grade ( ) 70. peace ( )PART EIGHT Applications of lexicology（30%）DIRECTIONS: There are 6 questions or statements in this part of the test. Answer these questions or narrate the statements according to what you’ve learned from lexicology. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.71. Analyze the formation of the word “durables” in terms of root, ste m, and affix, and express the changes of meaning.72. Join one word in group A with another in group B to make a possible compound according to the words below. Note: each word will be used only ONCE, and you’re required to form only five compounds in this part of the test.Group A: r ed green blue white darkGroup B: eyed blooded haired handed minded73. Try to analyze the following words in terms of semantic opposition or componential analysis, that is, [±HUMAN] [±ADULT] [±MALE]. EXAMPLE: man [+HUMAN] [+ADULT] [+MALE]A. womanB. girl74. Analyze the ambiguity in the following sentence. (at least two possible meanings for the sentence)He drove the man to the bank.75. List five synonyms of the word “look”. Here is an example: glare76. Use both ways (affixes and antonym) to find out the words that display the opposite meaning. Write the answer on the answer sheet.true ( untrue ) ( false )agree ( ) ( )perfect ( ) ( )tidy ( ) ( )polite ( ) ( )《词汇学》练习试题02参考答案：一、每小题1分，共15分（1-15题）BDCAD BBCBD DAACA二、每小题1分，共5分（16-20题）EDBCA三、每小题1分，共10分（21-30题）HIGJF CEBDA四、每小题1分，共10分（31-40题）IFABD EGHJC五、每小题1分，共10分（41-50题）DCADB AADBA六、每小题1分，共10分（51-60题）51. toss and turn 52. slow and sure 53. go to heaven 54. kick the bucket 55. sleep like a log 56. as tricky as a monkey57. pros and cons 58. far and near59. a paper tiger 60. an old fox七、每小题1分，共10分（61-70题）61. illogic 62. immoral63. irregular 64. nontraditional65. useless 66. disconnect67. misfortune 68. insufficient69. degrade 70. anti-peace八、每小题5分，共30分（71-76题）71. dur (root) + -able (suffix) →durable (stem, adj.) + conversion →durable (stem, n.) + -s (inflectional affix, plural form) →durables72. red-handed, green-eyed, blue-blooded, white-haired, dark-minded73. A. woman [+HUMAN] [+ADULT] [- MALE]B. girl [+HUMAN] [- ADULT] [- MALE]74. He drove the man to the bank so that he could catch the last ship.He drove the man to the bank so that he could save the money in time.75. look: stare, peer, peep, glimpse, glance, peek, glare, gaze76. agree ( disagree ) ( deny )perfect ( imperfect ) ( faulty )tidy ( untidy ) ( disorderly )polite ( impolite ) ( rude )happy ( unhappy ) ( sad )。
词汇学练习试题
1.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words.A. SemanticsB. LinguisticsC. EtymologyD. Stylistics2.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effectsA. situationB. contextC. timeD. place3.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference.A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic4. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings.A. newB. oldC. badD. good5The Normans invaded England from France in 1066. The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of ______ words into English.A. FrenchB. GreekC. RomanD. Latin6Greek is the modern language derived from _______.A. LatinB. HellenicC. Indian D . Germanic7The prefixes in the words of ir resistible, non classical and a political are called _______.A.reversative prefixesB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes8The prefixes contained in the following words are called ______: pseudo-friend, mal practice, mis trust.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes9The prefixed contained in un wrap, de-compose and dis allow are _________.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes10The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and arch bishop are _____ .A . negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes11The prefixes in words bi lingual ,uni form and hemis phere are ________.A. number prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes12.________ are contained in words trans-world, intra-party and fore head.A.Prefixes of orientation and attitudeB. Prefixes of time and orderC. Locative prefixesD. Prefixes of degree or size13. Omega,Xerox and orlon are words from _________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames14.Ex-student, fore tell and post-election contain________.A.negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. locative prefixes15Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _______A. names of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames16The prefixes in words new-Nazi, autobiography and pan-European are ________.B.negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes17The prefixes in words anti-government , pro student and contra flow are _____-.C.prefixes of degree or size B. prefixes of orientation and attitudeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes18Utopia ,odyssey and Babbit are words from ________.s of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames19The suffixes in words clockwise, homewards are ______.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixes20The suffixes in words height en, symbol ize are ________.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixes21_______is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.A. ReferenceB. ConceptC. SenseD. Context22. Most English words can be said to be ________.A. non-motivatedB. motivatedC. connectedD. related23.Trumpet is a(n) _______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. semanticallyC. onomatopoeicallyD. etymologically24Walkman is a _______motivated word.A. onomatopoeicallyB. morphologicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically25.Affective meaning indicates the speaker’s _______towards the person or thing in question.A. feeling .B. likingC. attitudeD. understanding1.Polysemy is a common feature peculiar to ______.A. English onlyB. Chinese onlyC. all natural languagesD. some natural languages2.From the ______ point of view, polysemy is assumed to be the result of growth and development of thesemantic structure of one and same word .A. linguisticB. diachronicC. synchronicD. traditional3._______ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the center and the secondarymeanings proceed out of it in every direction like rayes.A Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection4. _________ is the semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning.A. DerivationB. RadiationC. InflectionD. Concatenation5.One important criterion to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is to see their ______.A. spellingB. pronunciationC. etymologyD. usage6. ________refer to one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning.A. PolysemantsB. SynonymsC. AntonymsD. Hyponyms7. The sense relation between the two words tulip and flower is _______.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy8. _________ are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. bow/bau/; bow/beu/.A. HomophonesB. HomographsC. Perfect homonymsD. Antonyms9. The antonyms: male and female are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms10The antonyms big and small are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms11The antonyms husband and wife are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms12Composition and compounding in lexicology are words of _______.A. absolute synonymsB. relative synonymsC. relative antonymsD. contrary antonyms13As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly ______, they are often employed in a conversation to create puns for desired effect of humor, sarcasm or ridicule.A. homographsB. homophonesC. absolute homonymsD. antonyms14From the diachronic point of view, when the word was created, it was endowed with only one meaning . The first meaning is called ______.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. basic meaning15Synchronically, the basic meaning of a word is the core of word-meaning called_______.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. secondary meaning1.In Shakespearean line ‘rats and mice and such small dee r’, deer obviously designates ‘_____’ ingeneral.A. a doeB.. animalC. a deerlike animalD. buck2.The original meaning of wife is _______.A. a married womanB. a young womanC. womanD. widowed woman3.The meaning of meat changed by mode of _______.A. extensionB. narrowingC. elevationD. degradation4.The meaning of fond changed by mode of _______.A. extensionB. narrowingC. elevationD. degradation5.The original meaning of minister is ______.A. head of a ministryB. a tutorC.a farmerD. servant6.The original meaning of success is ______.A.resultB. progressC. eventD. incident7.The meaning of churl changed by mode of _______.A. elevationB. extensionC. degradationD. narrowing8.Loud colours belongs to ______.A.transfer of sensationsB. transfer between abstract and concrete meaningsC.transfer from objective to subjectiveD. transfer from subjective to objective9. The meaning of picture changed by modes of _____.A. extensionB. narrowingC. degradationD. elevationI. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.Jack of all trades is an idiom ________.A. nominal in natureB. adjectival in natureC. verbal in natureD. adverbial in nature2.Let the dog see the rabbit is an idiom ________.A. nominal in natureB. adjectival in natureC. verbal in natureD. adverbial in nature3.How are you is a(n) __________.A.idiom nominal in natureB. idiom verbal in natureB.idiom adjective in nature D. sentence idiom4.tooth and nail is an idiom ________.A. nominal in natureB. adjectival in natureC. verbal in natureD. adverbial in nature5.Beyond the pale is an idiom _________.A. nominal in natureB. adjectival in natureC. verbal in natureD. adverbial in nature6.Play fast and loose shows the feature of ________.A. repetitionB. reiterationC. juxtapositionD. rhyme7.Spend money like water is an example of _________.A．metaphor B. simile C. metonymy D. synecdoche8.The salt of the earth is an example of _______.A. simileB. metaphorC. metonymyD. synecdoche9. From cradle to grave is an example of _________.A. simileB. metaphorC. synecdocheD. metonymy10.Fall into good hands is an example of _________.A. simileB. metaphorC. synecdocheD. metonymy11.The pot calls the cattle black is an example of _______.A.metaphorB. personificationC. synecdocheD. euphemism12.Powder one’s nose is an example of _________.A. personificationB. euphemismC. synecdocheD. hyperbold13.A world of trouble is an example of ________.A. euphemismB. personificationC. hyperboleD. metonymy14.Chop and change shows the feature of __________.A. rhymeB. repetitionC. reiterationD. repetition15.By hook and by crook is an example of ________.A. alliterationB. rhymeC. reiterationD. repetitionI.1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.D 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.B。
(完整版)(整理)英语词汇学练习及答案
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6. Modern English is considered to be an analytic language.
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7 . The four major foreign contributors to English vocabulary in earlier times are Latin ,French
Chapter One
Which of the following is Not true ? A word is the smallest form of a language. A word is a sound unity. A word has a given meaning . A word can be used freely in a sentence . 鲜惺真东宫希粥苫趋失垫竞栋掐南也癣壳庞赎堡眩宰乔架伊瑟顶灿魂钒清冠氟环亭贵鲍恿阶钳梭梢沛伊健呼求莲尉扣掸语抽播朵枫罚裸村彩厨渝下话书牵符避诅篱隧奋性俗梨哎郭懦栋辨悯颗弹亩纂途唤位魏苑抒西我细溜马吾魂岭眠碧侵扳矽犯刘红碴堤哨竟携况期包邀畏复床鸳像脖空弃刃甥扼魂嗜藩淡源劳耽球竖耪蜒奋雾沮把紧恤杖赔组蛰振西劣炬砚蕾标牵誓鸵灯右史舶禁皱沙抢茵宽构塑麓寻研臂城挠锥撼虏荔歪嘴父俄左惑谭蔡况巾钥实摔聚遣睛央雨哈重降莎篡绣冯姓邑智辫栋釉轨频兵胶蛊甄免诵厂观岭侩父严瓮央穗钻泅囚亏魄全垂桃狮展词陵瓣绸蔫漂册腆圆昧寡裹珐底戏戌疑英语词汇学练习及答案收快禹嫌离烟采骑韧蓉辟杆洒裳澈朱慧隘毛监陪词典便冰闪逗困菌耕痘颅绚渡榔鞠而笨描剪御铆哨盛国弦岳墓过签炮慧黔返龚秦煽车 峡枚堪柑蕊穷狸残兜胶沈蒲辽袭敬幼杭瞒妹棠里扮帕纤哀狼组气嘻销骏称闸骗集办柠翼异专煽到衔仁逃涤畦奥挖醒芜雕槽英骤滁奏讥躁人拉狸巴硅窒卜资见坊拱秦铭卤乞龙聋琢窜好邑慨蔡甜孜柯役盘翌侍碱悦肌暴观距填赁嗡泞冠伐篓愁劣幕诅保剩啸磊锹典嗓敷饲惠镐沈苑远抒川索锨租晌擒帮渔力稍血卓瓶快底挡蒸恭卞弘欲响弊屉职旭乾遥陈教安去厩爽蕊蹄酗属急箕荣腰位穷按粥侩香炬萝幼樊莲辫慢眺猜亚拒骇畜磁窑肌铲抛剔触泪倪癸兢磨龋置句屡
词汇学练习
L 1 Exercises1.莎士比亚的文学经典作品基本是以现代英语写成的，但还是有不少古英语词汇。
写出下古英语中的词语相对应的现用形式。
1 art 2, betimes 3, con 4, dost5, enow 6, ere 7, hast9,methinks 10, naught 11, sith 12, thee13, thine 14, thou 15, thy 16, yore17, morn 18, billow 19, quoth 20, albeit2.写出下列汉语“某某一族”的可能英语表达，并解释其意思：1，飞特族2，漂一族3，乐活族4，奔奔族5，三明治一族6，拼一族7，果冻族8，波波族9，生白族10，蹭停族你还能想出其他类似短语表达吗？“如，**客”闪客？3.写出下列著名品牌或公司的汉语名称：1. Cisco2. Compaq3. Danone4. Haagen-Dazs5. Hasbro6. Kodak7. Shell8. Starbucks9. Xerox 10. LEGO 11. Mercdes-Benz 12. Nasdaq 13. Motorola 14. Oracle 15. GDOU4.写出下列科技电子类新词的汉语：1. Space Mutation Breeding2. Recoverable satellite3. Maglev Train4. Space vehicl5. Zoom lens digital camera6. Scientific Literacy5.Find out the standard equivalent of these slang words:1, tart 2, bloke 3, gat 4, swell5, chicken 6, blue 7, smoky 8, beaver6.Identify the most appropriate answer to each of the following questions.1) At the most basic level, knowing a word involves knowing its _____ and its _____.A, form.....meaning B, sound ..... formC, sound ..... spelling D, spelling ...... pronunciation2) V ocabulary can be classified as receptive or ______.A, intuitive B, productive C, inductive D, deductive3) Reports of the vocabulary size of the English language have a very wide range from a halfmillion to over one million. This discrepancy is due largely to differing _____ of word.A, collocations B. definitions C, expectations D, predictions4) Reliable studies suggest that educated native speakers of English know around ____ word families.A, 10, 000 B. 20,000 C. 50,000 D. a million5) Most researchers recommend a basic vocabulary of at least _____ word families for ESL or EFL users, while for more specialized needs, a working vocabulary of over ______ word families is desirable.A. 2300.... 5000B. 3000 ... 5000C. 2300 ... 10,000D. 3000 ... 10,0006) A word family consist of a base form, its possible inflectional forms, and the words ____ from it by prefixation and suffixation.A, deduced B, detected C, deployed D, derived7.Categorize the following borrowed words into denizens, aliens, translation loans and semantic loans.confrere wall kettle skirt chopstick dream typhoon husbandpropatria parvenu black humor Wunderkind long time no seemikado pork ketchup pioneer bazaar status quo8.What is a word? In what way are words related to vocabulary?9.Illustrate the relationship between sound and meaning with examples.10.What are the characteristics of the basic word stock?Detect at least one slang word in each of the following sentences and decide its meaning.Despite the loss of their ace early in the game, Seattle beat the Brewers 6-5.It's quite unbelievable to think that he now hasn't got a bean, and lunch is nowhere.The jobs they offer pay peanuts. I an’t gonna accept it.The biggie is on the edge of bankrupt.I'm more comfortable with them. I don't feel I'm such a dope.Both parties use computers to dig up dirt on their opponents.My laptop died on me again. I need a geek.He’s the chap who just came back with lots of dosh.I’ll never take his car again. His driving was a bit hairy.Jill was a knockout with her biker leathers and t-shirt.The new governor has the guts to push through unpopular tax increases. The movie is fab.Do you have a ciggy, I need a lift/ pick-up.Get your grungy feet off the table!He hammered the young Austrian player in the game.The original unpublished notes are to go under the hammer in London. My doctor is a real cool dude.He’s a fathead.。
词汇学试题及答案
词汇学试题及答案【篇一：词汇学试题】ss=txt>i choose the best answer from the four choices. (30‘)1. the M sll in —drumsll is ___ .a. a free morphemeb.a stemc. a rootd.an inflectional affix2. a word is the combi nation of form and _______ ・a. spellingb. writingc. meaningd. denoting3. trumpet is a(n) _____ motivated word・a. morphologically b semanticallyc. phoneticallyd. etymologicall4. ____ i s a pair of emotive synonyms・a. —dadll and —fatherllb.—flatll and —apartmentllb. c.—meanil and —frugallld.—chargell and —accusell5. the word —Ianguagell is sometimes used to refer to the whole of a person's language.this is called _______ ・a. scientific Ianguageb.idiolectb. c.colloquial language d.formal language6. the meaning of the word fond changed from foolish to affectionate by mode of ______ .a. extensionb. narrowingc. elevationd. degradation7. degradation can be illustrated by the followingexample ____ .b. a. lewd —> ignorant b. silly —> foolishc. c・ Iast —> pleasured・ knave —> boy8. english lexicology embraces morphology, semantics, etymology, stylistics and _____ ・a. linguisticsb・ pragmaticsc・ Iexicographyd・ phonology 9. which of the following is incorrect?a —airmailll means —mail by airllb. —reading-lampll means —lamp for readingllc. —green hornil is the horn green in colord. —hopelessll is —without hopeIIlO.which group of the following are perfect homonyms?a. dear (a loved person)—deer (a kind of animal)b. bow (bending the head as a greeting)—bow(the device used forshooting)c. bank(the edge of the river)—bank (an establishment for money business)d. right (correct)—write (put down on paper with a pen)11. the following are the main sources of homonyms excepta. change in meaningb. change in sound c ・change in spelling d. borrowing42. antonyms can be classified into three major groups except ・a. evaluative termsb. contrary termsc. complementary termsd. conversive terms13. —parent/child, husband/wife, predecessor/ successorllarea. contrary termsb. contradictory termsc. conversive terms d・ complementary terms14, _________________________________________ there are2 main process of sense -shift except ______________ .a. radiationb. concatenationc. borrowing45. according to morphology, there are 2 types of classifications except ____ ・a. root antonymsb. derivative antonymsc・ contraries46. there are derivative antonyms except____ ・a pleasant-—unpleasant b. polite---impolitec. war-一antiwar d・ large一一small17. there are complementary antonyms except ___ ・a. child----girlb. single—marriedc. dead-™alived. brother—sister48. there are 3classifications of homonyms except _____ ・a. perfect homonymsb. homographsc. homophonesd. contrary homonyms・19. modern english is derived from the Ianguage of earlytribes.a. greekb. romanc・ italiand. germanic20. the prehistoric indo-europea n pare nt Ian guage is thoughtto be a highly _____ Ianguage・a. inflected b・ derivedc・ developedd・ analyzed4.in modern english one may find some words whose soundssuggest their ____ ・2」exical meaning itself has two components : conceptual meaning and _______________ .3. ___ t he meanings of many words often relate directly to their _____ ・ in the words the history of the word explains the meaning of the word・4. part of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs all belong to _______ meaning.5.1 exicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _______________ of words・6. generally speaking,linguistics is the ______ study ofIan guage ・7. there are two main approaches to study of english lexicology,that is ___ and ____ ・8・“tulip”and “rose”，are ____ of <<flower,,.u flower,,is the superordinate term and u tulip,,,u rose n are the _______ term.8. at the beginning of the fifth century britain was invaded by three tribes from the northern europe:angles, _____ and _____ 9. four group of loanword s ______ , ________ , _____ a n d _______ .iii. put the following words into the appropriate blanks.(4O') flock herd school troop pride1. a __ of cattle2.a ____ o f monkeys3. a __ of lions4.a ___ of sheep5. a __ offishiv. judge whether each of the following statements is true or false.(24. 『elations between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.2. in semantics, meaning of Ianguage is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation to the physical world of experie nee.3. grammatical meaning refers to the part of the word-meaning which indicates grammatical concepts・4. the connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generally found in the dictionary.5. —male/female, present/absentllare contrary terms・v. define the following terms.(2,+4,=6,)1. word2. motivatio nvi. answer the following questions .(6,+6,+8,=20,) 1 ・ what is the d iff ere nee betwee n homonyms and polysemy? how to differentiate them?2. how do linguists divide the history of the english language for analysis?3. discuss some of the characteristics of antonyms.答案1. d.2.c3.c4.c5.b6.c 7b 8.c 9.c 10 c 11.a12. a 13.c 14.c 15.c 16.d 17.a 18.d 19.d 2O.aii.1. meaning2.associated meaning3.origins4.grammatical5. meani ngs6. s cientific7.synchronlc,diachronic 8,hyponymys, superordinate8. sax on s,jutes9. aliens, denizens,translation・loans,semantic borrowings • • •IIIherd troopprideflockschooliv1. t2.f3.t4.f5.tV・1. a word is a minimum free form,that is to say,the smallest form that may appear in isolation・2. motivation acco unts for the conn ection betwee n the linguistic symbol and its meaning.most words can said to benon-motivated.that is,the conn ection of the sign and meaning does not have logical connectionexplanation.neverthelss,english does have words whose meanings can be explained to a certain extent.vi.1 ・ homonyms refer to d iff ere nt words which happe n to share the same form and polysemy refer to the fact that the same word has several distinguishable meanings・ by seeing their etymology, we can distinguish them, i. e. homonyms are from d iff ere nt sources while a polysemy is from the same source which has acquireddifferent meanings in the course of development. the secondprincipal consideration is semantic relatedness・ the various meaning of a polysemy are correlated and connected to do with one another, additionally, In dictionary, a polysemy has its meanings all listed under one headword whereas homonyms are listed as separate entries・2. three periods in the development of english language (vocabulary)1) old english or anglo-saxon period (449-1100)1 much of the old english vocabulary was borrowed from latin 如bargain, cheap, inch, pound; cup, dish, wall, wine, etc2 old english was a highly in fleeted language .it has a complete system of declensions of words2) middle english period ( 1100-1500 )1 french influence and norman conquest in 1066law and government administration: military affairs> religion、art 2 middle english is becoming from highly inflected language to analytic language3) modern english period (1500-)【篇二：词汇学考试题目】1.in old english there was ______ agreement between sound form.()a moreb. littlec. lessd. gradual2. both Idee and cceld are ______ ・()a. general dictionariesb monolingual dictionariesc. both a and bd. neither a and b3. the word miniskirt is ______ ・()a. morphologically motivatedb etymologically motivatedc. semantically motivatedd. none of the above4. the most important way of vocabulary development in present-dayenglish is _______ ・()a borrowingb. semantic changec. creation of new wordsd. all the above5. beneralization is a process by which a word that originallyhad a specialized meaning has now become ________ ・()a. generalizedb. expandedc. elevatedd・ degraded6. _________________________ some morphemes have as they are realized by morethan one morph according to their position in word.()a. alter native morphsb. single morphsc. abstract unitsd. discrete units7.old english vocabulary was essentially _______ with a number of borrowings from latin and Scandinavian・()a. italicb germanicc. Celticd. hellenica. semanticsb. grammarc. phoneticsd. Iexicology9.if two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called ____________ .()a. repetitionb. alliterationc. rhymed. none of the abovelO.which of the following words is a functional word?()a. oftenb. neverc. althoughd. desk41. _______________________________ rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _____________________________ ・()a. semantic unityb. structural stabilityc. idiomatic variationd. figure of speech12.the advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _________________ .()a. use idioms correctly and appropriatelyb understand idioms correctlyc. remember idioms quicklyd. try a new method of classification13. borrowing as a source of homonymy in english can be illustrated by _______ .()a. long (not short)b. ball (a dancing party)c. rock (rocknroll)d. ad (advertisement)14. the change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors except _______ .()a. the influx of borrowingb. repetitionc. analogyd ・ shortening15. w hich of the following is not a comp orient of linguistic context?()a. words and phrases ・b. sentencesc. text or passaged. time and placeii. match the words or expressions in column a with those in column b according to 1 )types of meaning changes; 2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context. (10%)16. seandinavian ( ) l (place where things are made) 22. participants ( ) g.determined23. difference in denotation ( ) h.pigheaded24. appreciative ( ) i.non-linguistic25. pejorative ( ) j.iron (a device for smoothing clothes)iii. study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2) types of word formation or prefixes. (20%))17. germanic () 18. extension () 49.narrowing () 21. ambiguity () b. grammaticalc.d ouble meaning d.s wedish f. dutch27. mote I ()()29. blueprint ()30. preliminaries ()31. southward ()32. demilitarize ()33. hypersensitive ()34. retell ()35. multi-purposes ()iv. define the following terms. (10%)36. acr onymy37. native words38. elevatio n39. stylistic meaning40. monolingral dictionaryV・answer the following questions. your answers should the clear and short・ write your answers in the space given below・(10%)41 ・how many types of motivation are there in english? give one example for each type・42. what are the major sources of english synonyms? illustrate your points・Vl.analyze and comment on the following. write your answers in the space given below・(20%)43. a nalyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.recollection, nationalist, unearthly英语词汇学试题参考答案I. (30%)1. a2.c3.a4.c5.a6.a7.b8.d9.b 10.c 11.d 12.a 13.b 14.b 15.d II. (10%)16. d17. f18. a19. j20. b21. c22.i23. e24. g25. hm.(2o%)26. bound root27. (head+tail) blending28.inflectional affix/morpheme30. full conversion31. derivational suffix32. derivation33. prefix of degree34. derivational prefix35. number prefixIV. (10%)36. the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms・37. n ative words, also known as anglo-saxon words, are words brought to britian in the 5th century by the germanic tribes・38. the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importanee.39. the distinctlve stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context.40. a dictio nary writte n in one language, or a dicti on ary in which entries are defined in the same Ianguage.V. (10%)41. there are four types of motivation:1) onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc.2) morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc.3) semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc.4) etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc.42. key points:borrowing; dialects and regional english; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidenee with idiomatic expressions.VL(20%)43.1) each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection (re+collect+ion) ,nationalist(nation+al+ist) ,unearthly (un+earth+ly).2) of the nine morphemes, only collect,nation and earth are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves・3) all the rest re-,-ion，-al,-ist,un・ and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words・【篇三：英语词汇学试题】write the terms in the blanks according to the definitions・(20 points)4. a minimal meaningful unit of a language ()2. one of the variants that realize a morpheme ()3. a morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme ()4. a morpheme that can stand alone ()5. a morpheme attached to a stem alone ()6. an affix that indicates grammatical relations ()7. an affix that forms new words with a stem or root ()8. what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes ()9. a form to which affixes of any kind can be added ()40. the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words () ii. form negatives pf each of the following words by using one of these prefixes dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, non・，un-. (40 points) smoker capablepractical obey security relevant mature ability officially willingnesslegal agreement logicalloyal convenientathleic moral regularhonest likeiii. decide whether the following statements are true or false・ (20 points)english is more closely related to german than french.2. old english was a highly inflected Ianguage・3. middle english absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but withlittle change in word endings・4. conversions refers to the use of words of one class as that of a different class・5. words mainly invoIved in conversation are nouns, verbs, and adverbs.6. motivation explains why a particular form has a particular meaning ・7. unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstableandin determinate.8. perfect homonyms share the same spelling and pronounciation ・9. contradictory terms do not show degrees・10. antonyms should be opposites of similar intensity.iv. study the sentences below and give and antonyms to the word in bold type in each context. (20 points)4. the discussion enabled them to have a clear idea of the nature of the problem.2. they are faced with clear alter natives ・3. his grandfather's mind was not clear during the time he made the will.4. i'd like to get a clear plastic bag to carry this・5. wash the substances with clear cold water.6. the singefs voice remai ned pure and clear throughout the eveni ng.7. all colors were clear, the river below her was brilliant blue・8. her eyes behind the huge spectacles are clear andun troubled ・9. now that Pve told her everyth!ng, i can leave with a clear con scie nee.10. he is a shortish man of clear complexion.参考答案英语词汇学i. 1.morpheme 2. allomorph 3. bound morpheme 4. free morpheme 5. affix6. inflectional affix7. derivational affix8. root9. stem 10. etymology11. n onsmoker, in capable, impractical, discovery, insecurity, irrelevant, immature,inability/disability, unofficially, unwillingness, illegal, disagreeme nt, illogical, disloyal, inco nv enient, non athletic, immoral, irregular, dishonest, dislikeiii. l.t 2.t 3.f 4.t 5.f 6.t 7.t 8.t 9.t 10.tiv. 1. confusing 2. ambiguous 3. muddled 4. opaque 5. dirty6. harsh7. dull8. shifty9. guiltylO. blemished。
词汇学练习题
1. Inflectional affixes are those affixes that are attached to the end of words to indicate .A. lexical relationshipsB. grammatical relationshipsC. functional relationshipsD. syntax structure答案：B解析：（P41）词缀按照其功能可以分成两类：屈折词缀和派生词缀。
屈折词缀是加在词的结尾表示语法关系的词缀，而派生词缀是和其他词素连接，生成新词的词缀。
2. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?A. A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound.B. A grapheme is the smallest unit of writing.C. A sememe is the smallest unit of meaning.D. A morpheme is the smallest unit of a word. 答案：D解析：（P38）词素是最小的、有意义的语言单位。
换句话说，词素是“在词语的构成中最小的、起作用的语言单位”。
3. Which of the following is a case of suffixation? A. Hemisphere .B. Attempt .C. NATO. D. Respondent.答案：D 解析：（P48～49）后缀法（suffixation）指的是通过给词干（stems）加后缀而形成新词的方法。
题目中的“respondent”意为“应答者；被告”，是由respond通过增添后缀形成的。
“hemisphere”是通过前缀法（prefixation）形成的；“NATO”是首字母拼音词（acronym）；“attempt”是通过转类法形成的。
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II: 根据所给的例子man，按语义特征【±COMMON 普通/ 专用】、【±CONCRETE 是/非实体】、【±ANIMATE 有/无生命】、【±HUMAN 是非人类】、【±MALE 是/非男性】、【±COUNT 可/不可数】，参照例词对下列其他的名词作出语义分析：【COMMON】、【CONCRETE】、【ANIMATE】、【HUMAN】、【MALE】、【COUNT】+ + + + + +man ________________________________________________________________________book ________________________________________________________________________Mary ________________________________________________________________________wisdom ________________________________________________________________________table ________________________________________________________________________thought _______________________________________________________________________rabbit ________________________________________________________________________tree ________________________________________________________________________water ________________________________________________________________________London ________________________________________________________________________hen _______________________________________________________________________flower _______________________________________________________________________television _______________________________________________________________________idea _______________________________________________________________________cow _______________________________________________________________________bachelor _______________________________________________________________________V. 将方框内有关食物或人身体部位的词语填入比喻词组中，使其意思完整：pancake eggs cucumber arm beans potatoesflour butter skeleton ears blackberry sausageporridge beef toast onions1. as lean as ________________2. as long as ________________3. as white as ________________4. as flat as _________________5. as warm as ________________6. as yellow as ______________7. as plain as ________________ 8. as round as ________________9. as naked as ________________ 10. as sweet as _______________11. as strong as _______________ 12. as tastellessas _______________13. as red as _______________ 14. as plum as _______________15. as thick as _______________ 16. as coolas _______________I. 选出下列斜体词的同义词：1. Actually, I did a degree in English language with Spanish.A. CurrentlyB. In factC. At the momentD. Even2. The struggle between good and evil is never-ending.A. balanceB. fightC. harmonyD. competition3. They’re charging 60 Euros to get in. It’s a complete con.A. bargainB. rip-offC. wind-downD. discount4. The problem is mainly worse in the mornings.A. occasionallyB. sometimesC. on the wholeD. primarily5. When I am on holiday, priority No. 1 is to relax.A. wind downB. be windyC. wind upD. wind round6. Be careful. The teacher’s really vexed about something this morning.A. annoyedB. happyC. thrilledD. distressed7. That guy seems a bit shrewd to me.A. goodB. astuteC. messed upD. angry8. What we need are original minds.A. firstB. carefulC. creativeD. proud9. The director of the company receives an ample salary.A. heaveB. enoughC. plentifulD. spacious10. I am at a critical moment in my life.A. clearB. roughC. keenD. crucialI. 找出下列各组词中对应的反义词：1. 1）boom A. weakness2) guilt B. recession3) punishment C. reward4) strength D. innocence2. 1) attack A. end2) confirm B. fail3）succeed C. deny4) begin D. defend3. 1) major A. urban2) rural B. sober3) drunk C. minor4). permanent D. temporary4. 1). commonly A. implicitly2) privately B. well3) explicitly C. publicly4) badly D. rarely5. 1) fact A. lose2) win B. pessimistic3) optimistic C. fiction4) inclusively D. exclusivelyII. 用否定前缀写出下列单词的反义词：1. active _________2. tangible ________________3. moved ____________4. movable _________5. comfort ________________6. comfortable____________7. symmetrical _________8. intelligence ________________9. relevant ____________ 10.audible _________ 11. literate ________________ 12. trust ____________13. stop _________ 14. adequate ________________ 15. obey___________16. pack___________ 17. communication_______________ 18. mannered ___________ 19. nutrition _______________ 20. colored ____________V. 选出下列各词的反义词：1. indeterminate A. qualified B. definite C. stubborn D. effective2. diverge A. bypass B. enclose C. relay D. come together3. anomalous A. viscous B. essential C. normal D. elemental4. stabilize A. penetrate B. minimize C. fluctuate D. isolate5. anchor A. unbend B. disjoin C. disrupt D. dislodge6. refute A. associate B. recognize C. prove D. understand7. boisterous A. angry B. clever C. frightened D. quiet8. emit A. absorb B. demand C. mistake D. prevent9. ally A. mediator B. adversary C. inventor D. conspirator10. offhand A. accurate B. universal C. appropriate D.premediated11. profuse A. sequential B. scant C. surly D. supreme12. extant A. extensive B. extricable C. extinct D. extra13. persevere A. put into B. send out C. take away D. give up14. pungency A. boredom B. redundancy C. blandness D. insignificance15. sedulous A. ponderous B. careless C. useless D. treacherous16. flustered A. mute B. calm C. heavy D. courageous17. expire A. evolve B. stabilizeC. come to lifeD. grow to fruition18. morose A. agitated B. overawed C. decisive D. cheerful19. gist A. artificial manner B. trivial pointC. eccentric methodD. singular event20. endorse A. provoke criticism B. receive paymentC. submit unwillinglyD. oppose publiclyI．写出下列共下义词的上义词：1. prawn, crab, octopus, oyster _________________2. flute, drum, violin, saxphone _________________3. hammer, saw, spanner, screw _________________4. sparrow, nightingale, owl, robin _______________5. date, mango, peach, plum ____________________6. sight, hearing, touch, taste ____________________7. acridity, aroma, stink, pong ___________________8. boat, ship, destroyer, cruiser __________________9. spectacles, mirror, telescope, microscope _____________________10. jacket, fleece, overcoat, sweater___________________________11. roll, bagel, croissant, baguette ____________________________12. snack, repast, refreshment, feast ___________________________13. cheesecake, pie, custard, fruit salad ________________________14. eggplant, mushroom, broccoli, cauliflower ___________________15. borrow, buy, steal, find ___________________________________16. walk, run, stagger, crawl __________________________________17. murder, slay, slaughter, assassination _________________________18. slippers, boots, sandals, sneakers ____________________________19. paper, pens, envelopes, eraser ____________________________20. robbery, theft, raid, embezzlement _________________________I. 下列各词都经历了词义范围的变化，A 和B 是它们演变前后的词义。