2020年1月自考试题及答案解析浙江日语阅读(二)试卷及答案解析
2020年日语能力考试一级阅读模拟试题
2020 年日语能力考试一级阅读模拟试题翌朝、目花总求。
階段花下©尢彼女丛愕然。
部屋①中力•見事Q荒物音^、……」慌疋疋部屋①中花調PH、金目（力、相的）©物、一切合財（Vo^V^o^V ）力•無〈卞om、K°「h、hQ力、〈警察Q…… 」彼女总必死Q気花落去着力、、受話器花取o K。
力*、彼女。
止番号花押丁乞©手花、途中疋止feTL^oKo^L 疋、受話器花戻部屋©隅Q 駆疗寄o疋、引出。
花開疗K。
「肚、ZUh !」彼女总呆然h乞©場兰玄于VK。
％》警察Q電話^^^ht、彼女吉肚力、oK。
「巧妙壬肚V©」LR、L、彼女盗賊©fe^^©頭©良^h卑劣（0^0）Ki 地団太（13^^^ ）踏彼女叫疋。
「乙料3壬、警察1届疗召乂乙彳力、、撮影it V疗肚VL、乂乙1tV疗肚V。
買物1V〈乙h疋oT、出前花hS^h^oT^^^L^Vfc。
金目©t©疋疗肚5求疋Lt、（①）求疋全部、盗!」（星新一編『少m—卜》m—卜©広場5』講談社文庫）問題：（①）1入召乙h。
克氛o老©乂料力*最t適当力、。
1. <o2.電話機3.化粧品4.財布単語：金目：力、相名词0值钱，（折合成金钱的）价格一切合財：Vo^V^o^V 名副5 （常）全部，所有一切跪〈：自五4跪，跪下^^Lt：连语副词1还算能够，说得过去答免：3参考翻訳：第二天早晨，起床后下楼梯的她，惊呆了。
房间里面一片狼藉。
“被偷了。
那个时候发出的声音，果然就是.......... ”慌张着去房里查看，所有的一切，值钱的东西都没了。
“总，总之先通知警察... ”她拼命地让自己冷静下来，拿起听筒。
但就在拨号的时候，突然停下。
然后搁下电话机跑去角落，拉开抽屉。
“竟，竟成这样! ”她呆若木鸡瘫倒在地。
就算想打电话给警察，也办不到了。
浙江1月自考英语阅读(二)试题及答案解析
浙江省2018年1月高等教育自学考试英语阅读（二）试题课程代码：00596Ⅰ. Match the words from Column A with the definitions from Column B(15%)A.1. unexpected2. novelty3. spacious4. entertaining5. inattentiveness6. emission7. brisk8. messenger9. commitment10. substitute11. hint12. disclose13. clips14. fierce15. exposureB.A. giving no attentionB. the act of sending out (esp. heat, light, etc. )C. quick and activeD. never thought to happenE. a person who brings one or more pieces of informationF. newnessG. having much spaceH. amusingI. state of being placed in viewJ. angry violent and cruelK. cuts of sth. by leaving out parts of itL. show by uncoveringM. a small or indirect suggestionN. put something in place of anotherO. a promise to follow a certain course of actionⅡ. All the following sentences are taken from the textbook. Study each sentence carefully and choose A,B,C or D that has the closest meaning to the underlined word or phrase. (15%)1. It is something offered at a low or advantageous price.A. advancingB. profitableC. attractiveD. high2. A technician will examine your blood under a microscope-counting the white cells in a small marked-off area.A. indicatingB. separated by a line-drawingC. noticeableD. having visible trace3. How do you go about identifying people’s needs?A. change to the opposite directionB. concentrate onC. begin to work atD. notice4. People often say the right words, but their eyes betray their true feelings.A. hideB. representC. revealD. turn against5. We tried, in short time, to catch up on our respective lives over the last two decades.A. come up from behindB. bring to date1C. be interested inD. be eager to tell each other about6. A mutation (which is always possible) happens to suit a new environment, and the ‘odd’creature survives because it is better fitted.A. fixed in placeB. made suitable or competentC. in good healthD. of the right size or shape7. The repeated actions of preparing, sorting, filling, distributing, and keeping track of records and publications can be as troublesome as calculating.A. following the way ofB. pursuingC. seeking afterD. keeping oneself informed about8. All plants and animals that have been studied carefully (including the human) seem to have built-in clocks.A. making a fix partB. fixing to a part as a wholeC. internally fixedD. causing to become one part of sth.9. The International Monetary Fund is concerned with short-term credit and the cooperative management of foreign exchange rates.A. advance or loanB. trust or believeC. money or cashD. pay or debt10. The lending nations subscribe toward its capital stock in proportion to their economic importance.A. with reference toB. at the rate ofC. in the measure ofD. in comparison with11. More important is the fact that it can float bonds and use the proceeds to make loans.A. stayB. moveC. supportD. issue12. It hoped to secure the advantages of the gold standard without its disadvantages.A. protectB. have no doubtC. be certainD. make safe13. This concentration on project lending is directed at ensuring that Bank funds are invested in sound, productive projects.A. close gatheringB. close attentionC. coming togetherD. point14. The Bank is both a developmental and a financial institution, and each project for which it lends must satisfy both features of the institution.A. collegeB. universityC. organizationD. institute15. Of these, the overwhelming majority, well over 90 percent, have been for specific projects such as schools.A. largest crowdB. big figureC. by far the greatest numberD. small partⅢ. Reading comprehension(40%)2Reading Passage 1It is becoming increasingly recognized that education is a process which continues throughout adult life. The scope of adult and continuing education has widened in recent years and now includes, in addition to the development of the individual through cultural, physical and craft pursuits, such subjects as basic education: education for disadvantaged groups and those with special needs such as ethnic minorities or the disabled; consumer education; health education; and pre-retirement education. Continuing education includes training for those in employment, to enable them to keep pace with technological change. The British government has taken a number of recent initiatives to improve opportunities for both adult and continuing education. In 1982 it launched a Professional, Industrial and Commercial Updating Program designed to help colleges and universities to meet the need to up-date and broaden the skills of those in mid-career in industry, commerce and the professions. A three-year program to encourage the expansion of educational opportunities for the adult unemployed was launched in 1984. Apart from provision for mature students at universities, courses are provided by further education colleges, adult education centers, residential colleges, the Open Universities and various other bodies including a number of voluntary organizations. Most of the provision is made by the local education authorities in a wide variety of establishments, including schools used for adult evening classes and community schools which provide educational, social and cultural opportunities for the wider community. Most courses are part-time. Local authorities also maintain or aid many courses lasting between a weekend and a fortnight. Long-term residential colleges, grant-aided by central government departments, provide courses of one or two years and aim to provide a liberal education without academic entry tests. Most students admitted are entitled to full maintenance grants.1. One of the tasks of continuing education is ________.A. to keep employees well informed of recent technological developmentsB. to help employees get promoted and pay increasedC. to widen employees’knowledge of their country’s historyD. to make employees’spare time activities rich and varied2. The word “initiatives”in Line 8 most probably means ________.A. plansB. offersC. measuresD. proposals3. The two programs launched by the British government are designed for ________.A. students and teachers in colleges and universitiesB. the employed and unemployed respectivelyC. the government employees in BritainD. the disadvantaged and the disabled4. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?________A. Adult education might be replaced by other types of education.3B. Many British young people can receive higher education without entrance examination.C. Only those who passed academic entry tests can get financial aid from the central government.D. The aid for improving adult and continuing education is provided by local and State governments.5. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.A. adult education will probably become the main type of education in Britain and other developed countriesB. the government should attach importance to various types of education to meet the needs of the changing worldC. higher education should meet the demands of the development of science and technologyD. high schools should produce more skilled studentsReading Passage 2Brain damage is forever, or so doctors once thought, but that long-standing medical axiom (公理) is now being proved wrong. In laboratories across the USA and Europe, researchers are finding that by creating the right chemical environment, and in some cases implanting new cells in the brain, damaged nervous systems can be coaxed (哄) to regenerate (再生). Even more encouraging is the discovery, so far shown only in animals, that cellular (细胞) re-growth can store lost mental functions, and , in addition, improve memory and learning.The latest achievement in this promising field is the work of Dr. Donald Stein and three colleagues at Clark University in Worcester Mass. As reported in last week’s issue of Science, the group attempted to restore mental functioning in 21 rats whose brains had been damaged by the removal of large sections of the frontal cortex (皮层空间). This function of the brain is involved in the learning of complex spatial (空间) relationships. Typically rats sustaining such a severe injury would take 18 days or more to master a maze (迷宫) that required them to alternate right and left turns in order to get a drink of water. Normal rats can learn the task in just 2. 5 days.Before attempting to repair the brain damage, Stein’s team waited a week to allow for the natural accumulation of healing proteins called nerve growth factors. Then they implanted a pinhead size lump of tissue that had taken from the frontal cortex of normal rat embryos (胎儿). The researchers used fetal (胎儿) cells because they are rich in growth factors and adapt easily to a new environment. Result of the operation: the brain-damaged rats were able to learn the maze in just 8. 5 days. While this is still slower than normal, says Stein,“the transplant was dearly producing some degree of functional recovery. ”Stein later found that new connections had grown between the transplanted tissue and the rest of the brain.According to Stein, the immediate lesson of his group’s experiment is that there is much more capacity for response to brain injury than previously thought.6. In this experiment, the damaged brains were healed ________.A. through surgeryB. by creating a favorable chemical environment4C. by placing new brain material in the damaged brainD. all of the above7. The rats described in the article ________.A. had accidental brain damageB. were at first incapable of learning the mazeC. had had part of their brains removedD. were superior to normal rats after the experiment8. The article inplies that ________.A. learning a maze depends upon the ability to learn spatial relationshipsB. damaged brains could never be returned to normalC. only fetal brain tissue is useable for brain regenerationD. normal rats could learn the maze even faster if implanted with brain tissue proteins9. Nerve growth factors are ________.A. conditions under which brain cell can regenerateB. a chemical environment which induces brain cell enlargementC. proteins which can be used by the tissueD. none of the above10. According to Dr. Stein the experiment shows that ________.A. human brain damage is repairableB. a damaged brain does make some attempt to heal itselfC. brain damage does not necessarily mean a lot of functional abilityD. animal brains, such as a rat’s, are better able to repair themselves than human brainsReading Passage 3Newspapers in Great Britain vary greatly in their ways of carrying the news. There are serious papers for those who want to know about important happenings everywhere, both at home and abroad. There are popular newspapers for those who prefer entertainment to information.The London newspaper that is best known outside Great Britain is probably The Times . It began in 1785, and has a high reputation for reliable news and serious opinions on the news. It calls itself an independent paper, which means that it does not give its supports to a particular party. Its leading articles give the opinions of the editor, not those of the owners of the paper.Letters to the editor are printed in parts of the newspaper. These parts of The Times are always interesting. Most of the letters are on serious subjects, but from time to time there will be long letters on the subject which is not at all serious, perhaps on a new fashion of dress, or the bad manners of the young people compared with the manners of the people thirty years ago.In addition to the London daily newspapers, there are other papers. The two London evening papers, the Evening News and the Evening Standard, are sold not only at the ordinary newsagents’shops, but always stay by their piles of papers. However, the newspaper sellers sometimes go away and leave their papers. Passers-by help themselves to the paper they want,5and leave the price of the paper in a box. There are dishonest people in London, but no one thinks it is worth robbing a newspaper seller of a few coins.11. If you want to entertain yourself, please buy yourself ________.A. a popular newspaperB. a serious newspaperC. a foreign newspaperD. any independent paper12. The main reason why The Times is a newspaper of high reputation is that ________.A. it is well known outside Great BritainB. news carried in the paper can be accepted as trueC. the first paper of The Times was published in 1785D. it provides readers with many articles on serious news13. The Times is an independent paper, for ________.A. it doesn’t speak in favor of a certain political partyB. it doesn’t support all the political partiesC. it is not controlled by the British governmentD. the editors’opinions are not examined by the owners of the paper14. What can we infer from the third paragraph?A. Writing on the latest fashion on clothes is the best way to attract young readers.B. People thirty years ago were often polite.C. In the letters to the editor serious subjects are written in an amusing way.D. Letters to the editor are usually too serious to be interesting.15. Which of the following statements in TRUE?A. No one thinks the paper is well worth a few coins.B. The busy street corners are not the usual place where papers are sold.C. Even dishonest people will not take the paper without paying for it.D. The passers-by can be offered free copies of newspapers.Reading Passage 4There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists”. And these “generalists”are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people’s work, to begin it and judge it.The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a “trained”man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The6generalists and especially the administrator deal with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an “educated”man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in a particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly.Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time, you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.16. There is an increasing demand for ________.A. all round people in their own fieldsB. people whose job is to organize other people’s workC. people whose educational background is either technical or professionalD. specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others17. The specialist is ________.A. a man whose job is to train other peopleB. a man who has been trained in more than one fieldC. a man who can see the forest rather than the treesD. a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters18. The administrator is ________.A. a “trained”man who is more a specialist than a generalistB. a man who sees the trees as well as the forestC. a man who is very strong in the humanitiesD. a man who is an “educated”specialist19. During your training period, it is important ________.A. to try to be a generalistB. to choose a profitable jobC. to find an organization which fits youD. to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist20. A man’s first job ________.A. is never the right job for himB. should not be regarded as his final jobC. should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold any jobD. is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final jobⅣ. Questions:(10%)All the questions are based on Reading Passage 5. Answer the questions with the fewest7words possible.Reading Passage 5Scientists say changes in the climates caused by industry pollution could make it harder for farmers to grow food in the next century. But the report by the US Department of Agriculture says that may not be true everywhere. It says in some parts of the world, global warming might help farmers produce more food. The burning of more oil and coal around the world is blamed for causing carbon dioxide gas or CO2to increase in the earth upper atmosphere. Many scientists believed this has led to the problem known as global warming. They believe average day-time temperatures will rise a few degrees over the next 50 years. And they believe this could cause changes in the amounts of rainfall. The Agriculture Department report says some farmers in US probably will have to make changes if climate conditions change. They may have to replace their traditional methods or grow different crops. But the report also finds that the higher levels of CO2in the atmosphere could increase the growth of some important crops. The report says that the experiment shows the harvest of the crops like rice, soya beans, wheat and cotton could increase as CO2 levels rise. But this would happen only if average temperatures do not increase too much. The scientists say the faster crop growth caused by high CO2levels could help farmers reduce their use of chemical fertilizers. That could mean less pollution of streams and rivers. The scientists also say the warming of the atmosphere could also affect snowfall amounts in the US when the snow melts each spring. Melting snow is important because it supplies water for farms in the plain, mountainous western states. The Agriculture Department report suggests farmers can slow down the climate changes. For example, they could leave crop waste on the field after harvesting. This would keep more carbon in the soil and prevent its release into the air as CO2. The report says no one is sure how global warming will affect agriculture. Yet the report says farmers should be ready to make some changes either in what they grow or how they grow it .Questions:1. What was the cause of global warming?2. Why farmers in plains and mountainous western states need snow?3. How can some farmers cope with the situation if climate condition changes?4. Why does the report say CO2 high makes farmers pollute less of streams and rivers?5. What is the general idea of the article?Ⅴ. Translate the underlined part of Reading Passage 5 into Chinese. (20%)8。
浙江2020年1月自考英语写作试题及答案解析
浙江省2018年1月自学考试英语写作试题课程代码：10053Ⅰ. Supply the missing conclusion. (20%)Directions: Study the following passage carefully and write a conclusion in no more than 100 words.Make sure that the tone and vocabulary you use are in unity with the passage provided.The Harmful Effects of the Multiple-choice TestThe multiple-choice test is a common examination form that is widely used as a standard international testing method in various academic fields, especially in language testing. Some educators and teachers embrace it as a most scientific test form for its objectivity, accuracy and high efficiency of grading test papers. However, after many years of application, investigation and research, other teachers and educators have admitted that to judge students’real and practical abilities, such testing method has many limitations and drawbacks. In my opinion, for all its efficiency, objectivity and validity, the multiple-choice test should not be widely used for the examinations of academic courses on campus.Those who argue for the advantages of the multiple-choice test believe that such test can greatly improve the accuracy and speed of test paper grading. The standardized answer sheets of such test make it possible for computers to replace men to grade the papers. Undoubtedly, the computerization of test paper grading not only improves the speed of grading test papers, but also eliminates the subjective factors of bias or preference that can not be totally avoided by those who grade them. Here, computers or electronic devices are considered as the norm for scientific testing method. It may be safe to check manufactured products by electronic devices for their qualities. Yet, to check the real abilities and potentials of complex human beings, such devices and such testing method are far from enough. In fact, many problems from such testing do exist.First of all, it is convenient for students to cheat in the multiple-choice test. The standardization of answer sheets makes it easier for students to plagiarize others’answers. The choices of A, B, C, and D are most clearly printed on the answer sheets or test papers. With only a quick glance, any student who attempts to cheat in the exam can surely steal the correct choice from whoever is nearby and whoever is considered as a good student. What’s more, some students may have some secret deal among themselves in the exam, delivering generous service to the needed. In this case, even when they are separated from each other with considerable distance by the proctor, they can still succeed. The proctor may feel quite helpless because even though they sometimes see or feel students cheating, they cannot pinpoint or prove how the students are cheating in the exam. This in a way encourages the students’misconduct and leads to their ethical degradation.Secondly, the multiple-choice test is often like a gambling. Doing well in such an exam is in some way becoming a matter of chance. According to the law of probability, if a question has four choices, then the probability of the right answer will be as high as 25%. Even if a person, absolutely ignorant of knowledge of that subject, takes part in the multiple-choice test, he will have 25% chances of getting the right answer, just by guess. Because of this characteristic, some students’attitude and attention to study may be quite misled and their capability and flexibility may be weakened. For example, we used to answer the multiple-choice tests at middle schools. When we come to college and face a problem of answering various questions in more details by writing or by speaking, we are at a loss, not to mention our difficulty in writing English compositions.Thirdly, the multiple-choice test fails to evaluate the students’abilities thoroughly, especially their potential abilities. Owing to the nature of such a test form, the four letters on the answer sheet cannot reveal the thought process of the students who take the exams. We all know that thought process is the reflection of one’s abilitiesand potentials in many different ways, and that process is often much more important than the test results themselves in telling the real abilities of the students. Therefore, the answers chosen on the answer sheet do not truly correspond to the students’practical abilities.Fourthly, such a method of testing can seriously affect the students’way of studying. Since the multiple-choice test demands no writing, students tend to develop a very passive way of receiving knowledge and responding to the questions related to the knowledge, and therefore neglect the abilities of actively and creatively using what they have learned. This is especially harmful for language study that requires constant actual practice. It may lower the students’interest and intelligence in their studies and lead to the failure of our educational purposes. After all, how can we meet the complex challenge of modern society with simple “A, B, C, D”?Ⅱ. Write an outline. (20%)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and try to compose an outline for the passage provided.Individualism and CollectivismAmerica’s individualism culture springs from a 2,000 year tradition of Roman and Greek arts, philosophy and government, as well as the moral and legal traditions of Christianity. By contrast, China’s culture, including its arts, philosophy, and government is rooted in the Confucian ethic, Taoism, Buddhism, and more recently, Chinese Socialism.American individualism and Chinese collectivism are poles apart. For millennia, millions of Chinese have coped with limited land and resources. Economic and social imperatives, coupled with Confucian, Buddhist and Taoist ethics, have constrained Chinese to subordinate individual goals to societal needs. Centuries of collective culture made some form of Chinese socialism historically inevitable.By contrast, it is obvious why Americans are the most individualist people on earth. Mere centuries ago, Europeans settled a vast, relatively unpopulated continent, where they enjoyed unprecedented freedom and opportunities as their government mobilized them to settle the frontier. Though America’s frontiers have vanished, the frontier mentality of individualism remains the emotional and philosophical cornerstone of American culture.Individualism and collectivism permeate every aspect of Eastern and Western culture, influencing American and Chinese economics, politics, morals and values, and especially communication patterns. This is important, for research has proved that the number one cause of failure in international business and relations is not economics or even business but cross cultural communication. And culture is often the culprit behind the miscommunication.Ⅲ. Composition (60%)Directions: You are to write an essay about 300 words on the following topic.In colleges and universities, some students spend more time after class on individual studies, while others like to attend lectures of different kinds. What do you think about these two kinds of studies? Which one do you prefer? Give your reasons.。
日语能力考试二级阅读理解精讲试题及答案精析(1)
日语能力考试二级阅读理解精讲试题及答案精析(1)
新东方名师助力！XX年日语能力考全程课程火热开售中>> 次の文章を読んで、問いに対する答えとして最も適当なものを、1.2.3.4の中から一つ選びなさい
小さな子供たちは見るもの、触るもの、何でも不思議がります。
「あれなあに?」「なぜ?」「どうして?」の連発で大人たちを困らせます。
いざ説明してやろうと思って、どうしてもうまく説明できず、自分では分かっていると思っていたことが、実はさっぱり分かっていなかった、と発見させられることがあります。
(大野栄ー「数学なんて怖くない」による)
注～の連発で：～と続けて聞いて
いざ：さあ、それでは
問い「発見させられる」とあるが、何を発見させられるのか。
1小さな子どもたちが不思議がっているもの
2自分が理解できていなかったということ
3自分がうまく説明してやれないということ
4子供たちが少しも分っていないということ
答案：2
翻译：小朋友们看到的事物、触碰的东西，不管什么都觉得不可思议。
“那是什么?”“为什么?”“怎么样?”一连串的问题常常让大人们感到很为难。
正想着给他们解释一下的时候，才发现平时自以为很了解的
事情，实际上什么都不明白。
最新自考第二外语(日语)00840试题及答案解析完整版资料
“碧芝”最吸引人的是那些小巧的珠子、亮片等，都是平日里不常见的。店长梁小姐介绍，店内的饰珠有威尼斯印第安的玻璃珠、秘鲁的陶珠、奥利的施华洛世奇水晶、法国的仿金片、日本的梦幻珠等，五彩缤纷，流光异彩。按照饰珠的质地可分为玻璃、骨质、角质、陶制、水晶、仿金、木制等种类，其造型更是千姿百态：珠型、圆柱型、动物造型、多边形、图腾形象等，美不胜收。全部都是进口的，从几毛钱一个到几十元一个的珠子，做一个成品饰物大约需要几十元，当然，还要决定于你的心意。“碧芝”提倡自己制作：端个特制的盘子到柜台前，按自己的构思选取喜爱的饰珠和配件，再把它们串成成品。这里的饰珠和配件的价格随质地而各有同，所用的线绳价格从几元到一二十元不等，如果让店员帮忙串制，还要收取１０％～２０％的手工费。
（一）对“漂亮女生”饰品店的分析
１９９６年“碧芝自制饰品店”在迪美购物中心开张，这里地理位置十分优越，交通四通八达，由于位于市中心，汇集了来自各地的游客和时尚人群，不用担心客流量的问题。迪美有３００多家商铺，不包括柜台，现在这个商铺的位置还是比较合适的，位于中心地带，左边出口的自动扶梯直接通向地面，从正对着的旋转式楼梯阶而上就是人民广场中央，周边４、５条地下通道都交汇于此，从自家店铺门口经过的９０％的顾客会因为好奇而进去看一下。
夏日的街头，吊带装、露背装、一步裙、迷你裙五彩缤纷、争妍斗艳。爱美的女孩们不仅在服饰搭配上费尽心机，饰品的选择也十分讲究。可惜在商店里买的项链、手链、手机挂坠等往往样式平淡无？
2020年1月浙江自学考试试题及答案解析英国文学选读试卷及答案解析
2020年1⽉浙江⾃学考试试题及答案解析英国⽂学选读试卷及答案解析浙江省2018年1⽉⾼等教育⾃学考试英国⽂学选读试题课程代码：10054Part I. Choose the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A. (10%) Section AA B(1)Jonathan Swift（） A. The Rainbow(2)D.H. Lawrence （） B. Adam Bede(3)Emily Brontё（） C. Gulliver’s Travels(4)Thomas Hardy （） D. Wuthering Heights(5)George Eliot（） E. Far From the Madding CrowdSection BA B(1) Middlemarch（） A. Shylock(2) Jane Eyre（） B. Sir Peter Teazle(3) The Merchant of Venice（） C. Mr. Rochester(4) Mrs. Warren’s Profession（） D. Will Ladislas(5) The School for Scandal（） E. ViviePart II. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook. (5%)1. In Paradise Lost, the author intended to expose the ways of Satan and to “justify the ways of _________ to men.”2. As the greatest novelist of the Victorian period, Charles Dickens set out a full map, and a large -scale criticism of the_________century.3. In Jane Austen’s novels, stories of _________ and marriage provide the major themes.4. In the novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles, the two men Alec and _________ are both agents of the destructive force of the society.15. G. B. Shaw is considered to be one of the best known English _________ in English literature. Part III. Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. (50%)1. The Protestant movement, which was seen as a means to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption and superstition of the Middle Ages, was initiated by （）A. Francis BaconB. Martin LutherC. Thomas MoreD. William Shakespeare2. As to the great tragedy Hamlet, which of the following is not true? （）A. The timeless appeal of this mighty drama lies in its combination of intrigue, emotional conflict and searching philosophic melancholy.B. The bare outline of the play is based on a widespread legend in northern Europe.C. The whole story of the play is created by Shakespeare himself.D. In it, Shakespeare condemns the hypocrisy and treachery and general corruption at the royal court.3. The story of Paradise Lost is taken from the Bible. It tells about （）A. Satan’s rebellion against God.B. the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of the garden of Eden.C.a young prince’s revenge on his father’s murderer.D. both A and B4. Which of the following statements is true about the metaphysical poets? （）A. The diction of their writing is comparatively lengthy.B. The form is frequently that of an argument with the poet’s beloved, with God, or with himself.C. They tried to be reconciled with the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry.D. The imagery is usually drawn from the ideal life.5. The enlighteners placed much emphasis on reason, because they thought （）A. superstition was above reason and rationality.B. reason and emotion both could lead to truth and justice.C. reason or rationality should be the only, the final cause of any human thought and activities.D. equality and science is contrary to reason and rationality.6. Which of the following statements is true according to the principles of the neoclassicists?2（）A. All forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek and Roman writers.B. They tried to delight, instruct and correct human beings as social animals.C. They tried to develop a polite, urbane ,witty and intellectual art .D. All of the above.7. In the 18th century, the British government was mainly controlled by two political parties in turn. They are （）A. the upper House and the lower House.B. the House of Lords and the House of Representatives.C. the Whigs and the Tories.D. the Senate and the House of Representatives.8. In Robinson Crusoe, the writer glorifies （）A. pride and happiness.B. independence and strong will.C. human labor and the Puritan fortitude.D. hard work and success.9. Which of the following is true about the book Gulliver’s Travels ? （）A. It is a study of human nature and life.B. It has high artistic skills in making the story an organic whole.C. It makes criticisms and satires of all aspects in the contemporary English and European life.D. It is not a book of satire though it is a book of rebellion.10. Which of the following statements is true about Sheridan’s plays? （）A. He is not concerned with the current moral issues of his time.B. He intends to show the social goodness of his time.C. He thinks the moral tradition of his age is rather good.D. He lashes the social vices of the day.11. Which of the following is not the representative of Romanticism? （）A. Percy Shelley.B. Edmund Spenser.C. John Keats.D. Samuel Coleridge.12. Walter Scott established his novels as a worthwhile fictional form and set the personal dilemmas of his characters against （）3A. a background of contemporary things.B. a background of the Renaissance.C. a background of historical things.D. a background of modern events.13. Most of Wordsworth’s short poems write about subjects of （）A. nature and human life.B. society and politics.C. love and beauty .D. society and history.14. In her novels, Jane Austen is particularly preoccupied with the relationship between（）A. men and women in love.B. men and women in conflict.C. mothers and daughters in love.D. fathers and sons in conflict.15. The Victorian period in England saw （）A. the Industrial RevolutionB. a time of poverty and unstabilityC. the prosperity of romantic novelsD. the forces of the critical realists16. The religious hypocrisy of charity institutions are sharply criticized in the novel （）A. Sons and Lovers.B. Wuthering Heights.C. Jane Eyre.D. A Tale of Two Cities.17. In the summit of his literary career, two of Thomas Hardy’s novels received a lot of hostile criticisms. They are （）A. The Return of the Native and Tess of the D’Urbervilles.B. Tess of the D’Urbervilles and Jude the Obscure.C. The Dynasts and Jude the Obscure.D. Middlemarch and Jude the Obscure.18. Which of the following statements is true about Thomas Hardy’s heroines and heroes?（）A. They were fortunate young men and women in pursuit of personal fulfillment.4B. They were persistent in their pursuit for an ideal life.C. They struggled desperately for individual equality and freedom.D. They struggled desperately for personal fulfillment and happiness.19. In the mid-1950s and early 1960s, there appeared a group of young novelists and playwrights with lower-middle-class or working-class background, who were known as “_________”.（）A. the Sentimental Young Men B. the Lost GenerationC. the Angry Young MenD. the Beat Generation20. Lawrence had once been a most controversial author mainly for （）A. his concern about the relationship between men and women .B. his strong reaction against the mechanical civilization.C. his description of the distortion of personality.D. his frank treatment and discussion of sex in his novels.21. Which of the following is not written by T.S. Eliot? （）A. Ash Wednesday.B. Finnegans Wake.C. Murder in the Cathedral.D. The Waste Land.22. Which of the following groups belongs to the critical realists of the Victorian Period?（）A. Jane Austen and Emily BrontёB. Charles Dickens and Walter ScottC. D. H. Lawrence and James JoyceD. Thomas Hardy and George Eliot23. In many of Hardy’s novels, the fate of the characters is always driven by （）A. their own inherent nature and hereditary traits.B. the natural environment and the social environment.C. the traditional social morality and values.D. the high competition and pressure in the modern life.24. Which of the following is not written by G. B. Shaw? （）A. Widowers’House.B. Mrs. Warren’s Profession.C. Pygmalion.D. The Rainbow.525. In The Man of Property, which of the following statements is true about the typical Forsyte?（）A. It symbolizes the traditional and conservative values of the contemporary society.B. It represents the essence of the principle that the accumulation of wealth is the sole aim of life.C. It refers to the predominant possessive instinct of the upper class.D. It represents the essence of the new rising bourgeoisie.Part IV. Interpretation (20%)Read the following selections and then answer the questions.(1)Who are these coming to the sacrifice?To what green altar, O mysterious priest,Lead’st thou that heifer lowing at the skies,And all her silken flanks with garlands drest?What little town by river or sea shore,Or mountain-built with peaceful citadel,Is emptied of this folk, this pious morn?And, little town, thy streets for evermoreWill silent be; and not a soul to tellWhy thou art desolate, can e’er return.O Attic shape! Fair attitude! with bredeOf marble men and maidens overwrought,With forest branches and the trodden weed;Thou, silent form, dost tease us out of thoughtAs doth eternity: Cold Pastoral!When old age shall this generation waste,Thou shalt remain, in midst of other woeThan ours, a friend to man, to whom thou say’st,“Beauty is truth, truth beauty,”—that is all6Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.1. What is the title of this poem? Who is the author?2. What contrast is shown in the poem?(2)She was expressing in her own native phrases —assisted a little by her Sixth Standard training —feelings which might almost have been called those of the age: the ache of modernism. The perception arrested him less when he reflected that what are called advanced ideas are really in great part but the latest fashion in definition-a more accurate expression, by words in logy and ism, of sensations which men and women have vaguely grasped for centuries.Still, it was strange that they should have come to her while yet so young; more than strange; it was impressive, interesting, pathetic. Not guessing the cause, there was nothing to remind him that experience is as to intensity, and not as to duration. Tess’s passing corporeal blight had been her mental harvest.Tess, on her part, could not understand why a man of clerical family and good education, and above physical want, should look upon it as a mishap to be alive. For the unhappy pilgrim herself there was very good reason. But how could this admirable and poetic man ever have descended to the Valley of Humiliation, have felt with the man of Uz —as she herself had felt two or three years ago —“My soul chooseth strangling and death rather than my life. I loathe it; I would not live alway.”It was true that he was at present out of his class. But she knew that was only because, like Peter the Great in a shipwright’s yard, he was studying what he wanted to know. He did not milk cows because he was obliged to milk cows, but because he was learning how to be a rich and prosperous dairyman, landowner, agriculturist, and breeder of cattle.3. Which novel is this passage taken from? Who’s the author?4. What does it mean by Tess’s passing corporeal blight in the passage?(3)After filling his mouth with household bread, stale, he at once began: “How are you going down to Robin Hill? You going to take Irene? You’d better take her. I should think there’ll be a lot that’ll want seeing to.”Without looking up, Soames answered: “She won’t go.”7“Won’t go? What’s the meaning of that? She’s going to live in the house, isn’t she?”Soames made no reply.“I don’t know what’s coming to women nowadays,”mumbled James; “I never used to have any trouble with them. She’s had too much liberty. She’s spoiled——”Soames lifted his eyes: “I won’t have anything said against her,”he said unexpectedly.The silence was only broken now by the supping of James’s soup.The waiter brought the two glasses of port, but Soames stopped him.“That’s not the way to serve port,”he said; “take them away, and bring the bottle.”Rousing himself from his reverie over the soup, James took one of his rapid shifting surveys of surrounding facts.“Your mother’s in bed,”he said; “you can have the carriage to take you down. I should think Irene’d like the drive. This young Bosinney’ll be there, I suppose, to show you over？”Soames nodded.“I should like to go and see for myself what sort of a job he’s made finishing off,”pursued James. “I’ll just drive round and pick you both up.”“I am going down by train,”replied Soames. “If you like to drive round and see, Irene might go with you, I can’t tell.”5. Please give a brief comment on the relationship between Soames and Irene.Part V. Give brief answers to the following questions(15%).1. Please state Henry Fielding’s major contributions in novel writing.2. Make a brief comment on the relationship between the mother and son in Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers.8。
浙江2020年1月自考语言学概论试题及答案解析
浙江省 2018 年 1 月自考语言学概论试题课程代码： 10044一、判断题(本大题共10 小题，每小题1 分，共10分)判断下列各题，正确的在题后括号内打“V”，错的打“X” 。
1．语言是识别民族的主要标准，相互理解程度是区分语言与方言的惟一标准。
( )2．语言的统一只能通过消灭共同语以外的少数民族语言和方言来实现。
( )3．非音质音位包括“调位” 、“重位”和“时位”等。
( )4．单音节词一定是单纯词。
( )5．广义的构形包括附加表示词类特征的后缀形式，而狭义的构形只是指纯粹的词尾形式。
( ) 6．洋泾浜语是母语不同的人在相互交往时所使用的由两种语言或多种语言混杂而成的交际工具。
( )7．第一语言即母语主要是习得的。
( )8．三千多年来，汉字无论在字体方面还是在性质方面都发生了根本性的变化。
( )9•普通话中的音位/p/的区别特征是“双唇、闭塞、送气、清音”。
( )10．大脑的语言功能完全是通过后天的学习、训练获得的。
( )二、单项选择题(本大题共14小题，每小题1分，共14 分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1下列不能改变舌面元音的特征的一项是( )A .舌位的高低 E.舌位的前后C.唇的圆展D .声带是否振动2. ___________________________________ 元音音质的差别主要是由决定的。
( )A .共鸣腔的不同形状 E.发音体C.发音源 D .发音部位3.关于音位和音位变体的关系，下列说法中不正确...的一项是( )A .音位是从具体音素中抽象概括出来的功能音类，音位变体则是音位在特定语音环境中的具体体现E.音位是用来概括反映一组音素的辨义作用的功能单位，音位变体则是音位在各种语音环境里的实际发音C.同属一个音位的变体无主次之分D .同属一个音位的变体有主次之分，通常从中选出一个作为代表4. __________________________________________________ 一个音位具有什么样的区别特征，是由决定的。
2020年年1月浙江省高等教育自学考试外语教学法试题
xx年1月浙江省高等教育自学考试外语教学法试题课程代码：00833一、判断正误题Thefollowingstatementsareaboutthefactspresentedinthefirstchapterofthebo ok，pleaseindicateinthebracketswhethertheyaretrue（T）orfalse（F）（10%） 1.Inthe5thcentury，thecontroversybetweenthenaturalistandtheconventionalistsinG reecewasontheregularitiesoflanguage.（）2.Bloomfield，whomaintainedthatlinguisticsshouldonlyadmitdatathatcouldbeo bjectivelyverified，isregardedasthefatherofAmericanFormalism.（）3.Contrastiveanalysisisproposedbythehabit-formationtheoryas avalidmeanstopredictpotentialerrors.（）4.TheSwisspsychologistPiagetusedhypotheticalmentalconstruct s，whichhecalledschemas，todescribetheenvelopmentofChildren ‘sreasoningabilitiesateachstage.（）5.Whenthemothertongueandthetargetlanguageshareameaningbutexpressitindifferentways，thelearnerwilltransferthewaysofexpressioninthemothertonguet othetargetlanguage.（）6.Hallidaythinksthattheprocessoffirstlanguageacquisitionisa ctuallytheprocessoflearninghowtomunicateinthatlanguage.（）7.Wilkinsinsistedthattheorientationofthelanguageteachingwas essentiallytowardtheunderstandingandacquisitionoflinguistic features，ratherthanthepurposesandsocialuseofmunication.（） 8.Americanstructuralism，startedatthebeginningofthe20thcentury，becameverypopularandinfluentialinthe1930sand1940sthroughout theworld.（）9.Thenaturalistsarguedthattheformsofwordsreflecteddirectlyt henatureofobjects.（）10.Aordingtothehabit-formationtheory，errorsshouldbeavoidedandshouldbecorrectediftheyhavebeenmade.（）二、填空题Ⅰ。
自考《日语教程》课文翻译与练习答案
第一課私は日本人です课文译文我是日本人（一）这是桌子。
那是笔记本。
那是书。
这是什么？那是报纸。
那是什么？这是词典。
那是什么？那是铅笔。
（二）小王，你是中国人吗？是的，我是中国人。
田中也是中国人吗？不，田中不是中国人，是日本人。
你是日本人吗？对，我是日本人。
佐藤也是日本人吗对，是的。
练习答案一、①Ｄ②Ｃ③Ｂ④Ａ二、①Ｂ②Ｂ③Ｂ④Ｃ三、①Ｄ②Ｂ③Ｂ④Ｃ四、１．これは新聞です。
２．それは辞書ではありません。
３．王さんは中国人です。
４．私は日本人ではありません。
第二課ここは教室です课文译文这里是教室（一）这里是教室。
那里是图书馆。
那里是食堂。
学校的前面是百货商店，对吗？不，学校的前面是一家公司。
是什么公司？是家电脑公司。
那里以前是百货商店吗？不，那里以前不是百货商店。
百货商店在哪里？百货商店在学校的后面。
（二）山下：各位，早上好。
我是山下。
请多多关照。
小赵：初次见面。
我是中国人，我姓赵。
是东京大学的留学生。
专业是日语。
请多多关照。
练习答案一、１．Ｃ２．Ｄ３．Ａ４．Ｂ二、１．Ｂ２．Ｄ３．Ｂ４．Ｃ三、１．Ａ２．Ｂ３．Ｂ４．Ｂ四、１．①それは田中さんの本です。
②これはわたしの鉛筆です。
③あれは新聞です。
④先生の机はそれです。
⑤佐藤さんは日本人です。
２．①いいえ、わたしは田中さんではありません。
②はい、わたしは張です。
③いいえ、王さんの新聞はそれではありません。
④はい、あの日本人は留学生です。
３．①いいえ、これはノートではありません。
本です。
②いいえ、このノートは王さんのではありません。
佐藤さんのです。
③いいえ、わたしは中国人ではありません。
日本人です。
④いいえ、わたしは田中さんではありません。
山下です。
五、１．この机は山下のです。
２．これは新聞です。
本ではありません。
３．わたしはもと学生でした。
４．デパートは図書館の後ろです。
第三課春は暖かいです课文译文春天暖和（一）春天暖和。
夏天炎热。
秋天凉爽。
冬天寒冷。
日本哪个月份最热？日本八月份最热。
2020年1月全国自学考试试题及答案解析外语教学法试卷及答案解析
全国 2018 年 1 月高等教育自学考试外语教学法试题课程代码： 00833Write all your answers on the Answer Sheet!I. Multiple Choice: (15%)Directions: In this section, you are given 15 questions, beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answer the question. One point is given to each correct choice.1.The goal of foreign language teaching is to help the student master the ________ language in the shortest possible time.A. firstB. nativeC. targetD. local2. Franz Boas, an American structuralist, worked at the native languages and cultures of ________.A. American IndiansB. African AmericansC. European AmericansD. Asian Americans3. The major focus in a Grammar-Translation classroom is _________.A. speaking and writingB. listening and speakingC. reading and speakingD. writing and reading4. The Direct Method emerged as a result of _______ in the 19th century.A. classroom instructionB. mass productionC. communicative needsD. language teaching innovations5. Which of the following is forbidden in a Direct Method classroom?A. Using gestures.B. Sketch drawing.C. First language.D. Writing.6.In his book The Scientific Study and Teaching of Languages (1917), Palmer began with the question, “What is a _______? ”A. languageB. speechC. sentenceD. word7. Another name of the Audiolingual Method is ________.1A. speaking approachB. aural approachC. listening methodD. aural-oral method8. The Audiolingual Method considers language ability made up of ________ skills, and these skills can be taught separately.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six9.The generative-transformational school of linguistics emerged through the influence of________.A. J.B. Bruner B. N. ChomskyC. D. Ausubel D. G. Kelly10.The cognitive theory of learning as put forward by Ausubel is perhaps best understood by contrasting rote and _______ learning.A. usefulB. practicalC. meaningfulD. advanced11. In Krashen ’view,s learning refers to the _______ process leading to the development of competence and is not dependent on the teaching of grammatical rules.A. consciousB. unconsciousC. overconsciousD. subconscious12.The Communicative Approach to foreign language teaching stresses the communicative _______ in learning.A. competenceB. abilityC. performanceD. skill13.Sociolinguistic competence refers to an understanding of the ________ in which communication takes place.A. social behaviorB. linguistic contextC. social contextD. linguistic performance14. Who is the advocate of the Total Physical Response Method?A. J. AsherB.C. GattegnoC.C.A. CurranD. G. Lozanov15. In the 1970s, Krashen’ s distinction between language acquisition and language learning and2his _______ aroused widespread interest.A. cognitive theoryB. Monitor Model theoryC. schema theoryD. whole-person learning theoryⅡ . Filling Blanks: (20%)Directions: In this section there are 20 statements with 20 blanks. You are to fill in each blankwith ONE appropriate word. One point is given to each blank.16.According to Gestalt psychology, people tend to perceive objects and scenes as organized________ first and then their component parts.17.Jean Piaget stated that as the child grows up, his capacity of ______ would become more andmore developed through different stages.18.With the development of modern languages, Latin gradually became displaced as a ________language.19.It was believed by traditional linguists that the _____ form of language was superior tothe spoken one.20.In a Grammar-Translation classroom, the basic unit of language teaching and learning is the_______.21.The Direct Method believes in the natural process of language learning and in the _________teaching of grammar.22. F. Gouin developed an approach to teaching a foreign language on the basis of hisobservations of child first language learning. In his method new language items were organizedand presented in “ series” which included sequences of sentences related to ________ in anevent.23.Palmer worked as a teacher of English in Japan for many years, working towards twocomplementary _________ in English language teaching.24. The theory of language for the Oral Approach is characteristic o f a type of British“ _________” .25.Charles Fries applied the principles of ________ linguistics to language teaching.26.According to behaviorists, the learning model of a language is stimulus-_____ reinforcement.27.The Cognitive Approach lays emphasis on the conscious acquisition of language as ameaningful ______ and it seeks a basis in cognitive psychology and in transformational grammar.28.Chomsky maintained that language is not a form of ______. On the contrary, it is an intricaterule-based system and a large part of language acquisition is the learning of this system.29.The Natural Approach advocates that language teaching should emphasize ______ rather than3form.30.Krashen maintains that acquisition comes about through meaningful ______ in a natural communication setting.31.Notions are domains in which people use language to express _______ and feeling.32.________ is especially interested in the relationships between sentences and the contexts and situations in which they are used.33.Strategic competence refers to the coping of various strategies which communicators employ to start, end, keep, repair and re-direct _________.34.The Total Physical Response Method sees successful adult second language learning as a process paralleled to child first language __________.35.The Silent Way takes a _____________ approach to the organization of language to be taught. Ⅲ. Matching:(15%)Directions : This section consists of three groups of pairs listed in two columns A and B. You are to match the one marked ① ,② ,③,④ , or ⑤ in Column A with the one marked a, b, c, d, ore in Column B. One point is given to each pair you match correctly.36.A:①the theory of language underlying theDirect Method②the theory of learning underlying theDirect Method③one of the objectives of the DirectMethod④one of the techniques of the DirectMethod⑤one of the main features of the DirectMethodB:a. The general goal of a language programmeis to teach conversational skills.b. Every language has its own structure.c. Dictation is used as a means to reinforceand test what the learner has learned.d. Grammar is learned inductively throughlistening and speaking activities.e. A direct association between forms andmeanings in the target language should be established.437.A: the main feature/objective of the Oral Approach①New items are introduced and practised insituations.②Items of grammar are graded,③The target language is the language in theclassroom.④The four skills are approached throughstructures.⑤Accuracy in pronunciation and grammaris regarded as crucial.38.A:techniques used in the Cognitive Approach①discrimination②physical response③sentence combination④describing pictures⑤prepared speech on a topic of interest B: the advantage or disadvantage associated with the featurea. The teaching content is graded.b. Appropriateness is not emphasized.c. It is easy for learners to apply what theyhave learned to real-life practice.d. It emphasizes the function of situations.e. It is still a grammar-based approach.B: the purposea. to activate oral and written skillsb. to give students practice in telling thedifference between linguistic itemsc. to give students practice in listeningcomprehensiond. to develop students' ability to use thelanguage independent of the texte. to give students practice in the use ofthe grammar rulesIV . Questions for Brief Answers: (30%)Direction: This section has six questions. You are to briefly answer them. Five points are given to each question.539.What are the two factors that a foreign language teacher should take into considerationwhen he/she is to teach?40.What are the teaching techniques used in the Direct Method?41.What is the major principle of the Oral Approach?42.What are the five theoretical principles of the Audiolingual Method?43.In the Natural Approach, what should a teacher do when the learner is ready to start talkingin the target language?44.There are two major phases in a Suggestopaedia classroom. What are they? And what is thepurpose of the second major phase?V. Questions for Long Answers: (20%)Directions: The two questions in this section are to be answered on the basis of your ownteaching experience as well as the theoretical knowledge you’ ve learned. Ten points are given to each question.45.What teaching method would you like to use in a classic English literature classroom? To whatextent is this method still desirable in modern language teaching in spite of many attacks on it?46.Describe the five principles to characterize the Communicative Approach according toDavid Nunan. Cite one example to illustrate one of these principles.6。