2-Unit4-Cultural Encounters答案综合教程二
新世纪高等院校英语专业综合教程2第4单元答案
Book2-unit 4Text compre hensi onⅣ. Paraph raseP671. The age we are living in provid es us with conven ientways to reachany part of the world.2. It seemsthat everyo ne is able to get in touchwith anyone else if he or she can afford to.3. …..formsthe core of societ y……4. This is a fundam ental skillin today’sworld, wherediffer ent cultur es intera ct.5. Lots of people are findin g ways to interr elate differ ent cultur es.Vocabu laryⅠ. P681. as long as; can neverfail to be reache d2. no matter3. fail to notice at greatrisk4. may be descri bed by thesewordsto varyin g degree s5. were direct ly confro ntedwith the proble m that someth ing in one langua ge can not be render ed into anothe rⅡ.1. steppi ng stone踏脚石graves tone墓碑paving stone铺路石tombst one 墓碑millst one磨石2. at theirperilat one's peril冒险3. serve满足（需要）; 达到（目的）4. mental ity心理状态marvel at对...惊奇5. staple主要的, 常产的6. facili tatin g facili tate使容易, 使便利7. messag ing 通讯8. hybrid混合的Ⅲ.1. econom y经济；经济体系2. access ible易接近的, 可到达的3. fundam ental ly根本地;基本上4. homesi ck思乡的，想家的5. negoti able可谈判的；可商量的6. adjust ed调整,调节7. remote ness远离, 遥远remote遥远的, 偏僻的8. compla centl y 满足地, 自满地,沾沾自喜地Ⅳ.1. D. are not sure about2. C. deep3. A. concer ning关于subscr ibe to a magazi ne 订阅杂志4. D. didn’tusuall y stay be givento sth/doingsth有做某事的习惯5. B. produc e6. A. satisf ied concei ted 自负的，逞能的 big-headed自负的, 自大的7. B. import ant8. C. desire appreh ensio n忧虑；担心Ⅴ.1. time, era, epoch2. meetin gs3. basic, fundam ental4. missha pe歪曲5. unavoi dably6. terrib le, desper ate7. worry, concer n, anxiet y, appreh ensio n8. hide, concea lⅥ.1.unbeli evabl eun- 表示“不，无，非，没有”unreal不真实（un+real真实的）unequa l不平等的（un+equal平等的）unfort unate不幸的（un+fortun ate幸运的）unassu ming不摆架子的（un+assumi ng自以为是的）uncond ition al无条件的(un+condit ional有条件的) unlimi ted无限的（un+limite d有限的）unambi tious无野心的（un+ambiti ous有雄心的）unoffi cial非官方的（un+offici al官方的）unjust非正义的（un+just公正的）uneduc ated未受教育的（un+educat ed有教养的）uncivi lized未开化的（un+civili zed文明的）undeci ded未决定的（un+decide d决定的）2. imperf ectim- 表示“不，无，非”imposs ible不可能的（im+possib le可能的）immora l不道德的（im+moral道德的）impoli te无礼的（im+polite礼貌的）impart ial公平的（im+partia l有偏见的）immort al不朽的（im+mortal必死的）immatu re 不成熟的 (im + mature成熟的)3. disagr eemen tdis- 表示"不，消失掉"dislik e不喜欢（dis+like喜爱→不喜爱）disord er无秩序（dis+order顺序→没有顺序）dishon est不诚实的（dis+honest诚实的→不诚实的）disapp ear消失（dis+appear出现→不出现→消失）dispro of反证，反驳（dis+proof证实→不证实→反证）discou rage使失去勇气（dis+courag e勇气）disarm解除武装（dis+arm武装→去掉武装）dispas siona te平心静气的（dis+passio nate有激情的）discov er发现（dis+cover盖→把盖揭开→发现）dismay沮丧（dis+may能够→不能做事→沮丧）4. mispla ce把…放错地方mis-表示“错误，坏”mistak e错误（mis+take拿→拿错→错误）misspe ll拼写错误（mis+spell拼写）misund ersta nd误解（mis+unders tand理解）misdoi ng坏事（mis+doing做事）misrul e对…施暴政（mis+rule统治→统治不善）misfor tune不幸（mis+fortun e幸运的）mistru st不信任（mis+trust相信）5. malfun ction失灵, 机能失常mal-表示“坏，恶”malcon tent不满的（mal+conten t满意的）malpra ctice不法行为（mal+practi ce做事，实践→做坏事）malnut ritio n营养不良（mal+nutrit ion营养）malodo r恶臭（mal+odor气味）maltre at虐待（mal+treat对待）6. enableen- 表示"使…进入状态"endang er使危险（en+danger危险）encour age鼓励（en+courag e勇气→使人进入勇气→鼓励）enligh ten启发，开导（en+light光＋en→给人光明→启发）7. surpas ssur-表示“超过，在上面”surfac e表面（sur+face脸面）surpas s超过（sur+pass通过→在上面通过→超越）surrea lism超现实主义（sur+realis m现实主义）surmou nt登上，超越（sur+mount山→在山上→登上）surplu s多余的（sur+plus多余；加→多出很多）surcha rge附加费（sur+charge收费→额外的收费→附加费）surviv al幸存，生存（sur+viv活＋al→经过事故活着→幸存）8. submar ine水下的, 海底的sub- 表示“在下面，次一等，副手”subcon tinen t次大陆（sub+contin ent大陆）subtro pics亚热带（sub+ tropic热带）subtit le副标题（sub+title标题）subedi tor助理编辑; 副编辑（sub+editor编辑）suboff ice分办事处（sub+office办公室）Transl ation P74Ⅰ.1. 因此，您也许会问，为什么还有人会对这些绝妙的发展顾虑重重？为什么英语成为世界语言会让一部分人惴惴不安？2. 不同的文化不仅仅是给不同组别的人贴上标签，语言是帮助我们理解世界的工具，每个语言之间都是有区别的。
全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2课后答案unit4
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Usage on P102
2.difficult 5.hard 3.impossible 6. easy
1.hard 4. tough
Cloze
1. Text-related on P102-103
1) Internet 2) click 3) virtual 4) routines 5) arrange 6) nightmare 7) annoying 8) connection 9) crawls 10) take in 11) spit 12) data 13) sucked into 14) At times 15) flee 16) on line 2.Theme-related on P103 1) companion 2) deliver 3)access 4) enables 5) customers 6) delights 7) provides 8) small 9) remote 10) information
Voc. Ex. 3. Complete the sentences on P101
1) the virtual/ on line/ via 2) nightmare/ routine/ any appointment/ arrange for 3) cue/ remarks/ his tune
Translation
Ex.1.
on P103-104
1) Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits. 2) A slow Internet connection speed is really annoying. 3) As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime. 4) In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle. 5) Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.
复习精华 - 大学英语《综合教程2》Unit4
Have misgivings not be sure
Ex. 我对是否接受那项工作顾虑重重。 I have many misgivings about taking the job.
Fundamental basic
Ex. A knowledge of economics is fundamental to any understanding of this problem. There is a fundamental difference in attitude between these two politicians.
remoteness n.
Regardless of
without taking account of or worrying about Ex. I bought the book, regardless of the cost. Ex. The law requires equal treatment for all, regardless of race, religion or sex.
compromise with; ~ between reach/ come to/ arrive at a ~
find/ work out a ~
make a compromise OPP break a ~
Regarding prep.
新世纪高等院校英语专业综合教程2第4单元答案
Book2-unit 4Text comprehensionⅣ. Paraphrase P671. The age we are living in provides us with convenient ways to reach any part of the world.2. It seems that everyone is able to get in touch with anyone else if he or she can afford to.3. …..forms the core of society……4. This is a fundamental skill in today’s world, where different cultures interact.5. Lots of people are finding ways to interrelate different cultures. VocabularyⅠ. P681. as long as; can never fail to be reached2. no matter3. fail to notice at great risk4. may be described by these words to varying degrees5. were directly confronted with the problem that something in one language can not be rendered into anotherⅡ.1. stepping stone踏脚石 gravestone 墓碑 paving stone 铺路石 tombstone 墓碑 millstone磨石2. at their peril at one's peril冒险3. serve 满足（需要）; 达到（目的）4. mentality心理状态 marvel at对...惊奇5. staple主要的, 常产的6. facilitating facilitate使容易, 使便利7. messaging 通讯8. hybrid混合的Ⅲ.1. economy经济；经济体系2. accessible易接近的, 可到达的3. fundamentally根本地;基本上4. homesick思乡的，想家的5. negotiable可谈判的；可商量的6. adjusted调整, 调节7. remoteness远离, 遥远 remote遥远的, 偏僻的8. complacently 满足地, 自满地,沾沾自喜地Ⅳ.1. D. are not sure about2. C. deep3. A. concerning关于 subscribe to a magazine 订阅杂志4. D. didn’t usually stay be given to sth/doing sth有做某事的习惯5. B. produce6. A. satisfied conceited 自负的，逞能的 big-headed自负的, 自大的7. B. important8. C. desire apprehension忧虑；担心Ⅴ.1. time, era, epoch2. meetings3. basic, fundamental4. misshape歪曲5. unavoidably6. terrible, desperate7. worry, concern, anxiety, apprehension8. hide, concealⅥ.1.unbelievableun- 表示“不，无，非，没有”unreal不真实（un+real真实的）unequal不平等的（un+equal平等的）unfortunate不幸的（un+fortunate幸运的）unassuming不摆架子的（un+assuming自以为是的）unconditional无条件的(un+conditional有条件的) unlimited无限的（un+limited有限的）unambitious无野心的（un+ambitious有雄心的）unofficial非官方的（un+official官方的）unjust非正义的（un+just公正的）uneducated未受教育的（un+educated有教养的）uncivilized未开化的（un+civilized文明的）undecided未决定的（un+decided决定的）2. imperfectim- 表示“不，无，非”impossible不可能的（im+possible可能的）immoral不道德的（im+moral道德的）impolite无礼的（im+polite礼貌的）impartial公平的（im+partial有偏见的）immortal不朽的（im+mortal必死的）immature 不成熟的 (im + mature 成熟的)3. disagreementdis- 表示"不，消失掉"dislike不喜欢（dis+like喜爱→不喜爱）disorder无秩序（dis+order顺序→没有顺序）dishonest不诚实的（dis+honest诚实的→不诚实的）disappear消失（dis+appear出现→不出现→消失）disproof反证，反驳（dis+proof证实→不证实→反证）discourage使失去勇气（dis+courage勇气）disarm解除武装（dis+arm武装→去掉武装）dispassionate平心静气的（dis+passionate有激情的）discover发现（dis+cover盖→把盖揭开→发现）dismay沮丧（dis+may能够→不能做事→沮丧）4. misplace把…放错地方mis-表示“错误，坏”mistake错误（mis+take拿→拿错→错误）misspell拼写错误（mis+spell拼写）misunderstand误解（mis+understand理解）misdoing坏事（mis+doing做事）misrule对…施暴政（mis+rule统治→统治不善）misfortune不幸（mis+fortune幸运的）mistrust不信任（mis+trust相信）5. malfunction失灵, 机能失常mal-表示“坏，恶”malcontent不满的（mal+content满意的）malpractice不法行为（mal+practice做事，实践→做坏事）malnutrition营养不良（mal+nutrition营养）malodor恶臭（mal+odor气味）maltreat虐待（mal+treat对待）6. enableen- 表示"使…进入状态"endanger使危险（en+danger危险）encourage鼓励（en+courage勇气→使人进入勇气→鼓励）enlighten启发，开导（en+light光＋en→给人光明→启发）7. surpasssur-表示“超过，在上面”surface表面（sur+face脸面）surpass超过（sur+pass通过→在上面通过→超越）surrealism超现实主义（sur+realism现实主义）surmount登上，超越（sur+mount山→在山上→登上）surplus多余的（sur+plus多余；加→多出很多）surcharge附加费（sur+charge收费→额外的收费→附加费）survival幸存，生存（sur+viv活＋al→经过事故活着→幸存）8. submarine水下的, 海底的sub- 表示“在下面，次一等，副手”subcontinent次大陆（sub+continent大陆）subtropics亚热带（sub+ tropic热带）subtitle副标题（sub+title标题）subeditor助理编辑; 副编辑（sub+editor编辑）suboffice分办事处（sub+office办公室）Translation P74Ⅰ.1. 因此，您也许会问，为什么还有人会对这些绝妙的发展顾虑重重为什么英语成为世界语言会让一部分人惴惴不安2. 不同的文化不仅仅是给不同组别的人贴上标签，语言是帮助我们理解世界的工具，每个语言之间都是有区别的。
Unit 4 Cultural Encounters课文翻译综合教程二精编资料
Unit 4 Cultural Encounters Susan BassnettWe live in an age of easy access to the rest of the world. Cheap flights mean thatmillions of people are able to visit places their parents could only dream about, while the Internet enables us to communicate with the remotest places and the traditional postal services are now referred to almost mockingly as snail mail. When students go offback-packing, they can email their parents from Internet cafes in the Himalayas or from a desert oasis. And as for mobile phones —the clicking of text messaging at any hour of the day or night has become familiar to us all. Everyone, it seems, provided, of course, they can afford to do so, need never be out of touch.Significantly also, this great global communications revolution is also linked to the expansion of English, which has now become the leading international language. Conferences and business meetings around the globe are held in English, regardless of whether anyone present is a native English speaker. English has simply become the language that facilitates communication, and for many people learning English is an essential stepping stone on the road to success.So why, you may wonder, would anyone have misgivings about all these wonderful developments, and why does the rise of English as a global language cause feelings of uneasiness for some of us? For there are indeed problems with the communications revolution, problems that are not only economic. Most fundamental is the profound relationship between language and culture that lies at the heart of society and one that we overlook at our peril.Different cultures are not simply groups of people who label the world differently; languages give us the means to shape our views of the world and languages are different from one another. We express what we see and feel through language, and because languages are so clearly culture-related, often we find that what we can say in one language cannot be expressed at all in another. The English word homesickness translates into Italian asostalgia, but English has had to borrow that same word todescribe a different state of mind, something that is not quite homesickness and involves a kind of longing. Homesickness and nostalgia put together are almost, but not quite, the Portuguese saudade, an untranslatable word that describes a state of mind that is not despair, angst (English borrowed that from German), sadness or regret, but hovers somewhere in and around all those words.The early Bible translators hit the problem of untranslatability head-on. How do you translate the image of the Lamb of God for a culture in which sheep do not exist? What exactly was the fruit that Eve picked in the Garden of Eden? What was the creature that swallowed Jonah, given that whales are not given to swimming in warm, southern seas? Faced with unsurmountable linguistic problems, translators negotiated the boundaries between languages and came up with a compromise.Compromising is something that speakers of more than one language understand.When there are no words in another language for what you want to say, you makeadjustments and try to approximate. English and Welsh speakers make adjustments regarding the colour spectrum in the grey / green / blue / brown range, since English hasfour words and Welsh has three. And even where words do exist, compromises still needto be made. The word democracy means completely different things in differentcontexts, and even a word like read which refers to a staple food item made of flourmeans totally different things to different people. The flat breads of Central Asia are along way away from Mother's Pride white sliced toasties, yet the word read has toserve for both.Inevitably, the spread of English means that millions of people are adding anotherlanguage to their own and are learning how to negotiate cultural and linguisticdifferences. This is an essential skill in today's hybrid world, particularly now when theneed for international understanding has rarely been so important. But even as morepeople become multilingual, so native English speakers are losing out, for they arebecoming ever more monolingual, and hence increasingly unaware of the differencesbetween cultures that languages reveal. Communicating in another language involves notonly linguistic skills, but the ability to think differently, to enter into another culture's mentality and shape language accordingly. Millions of people are discovering how tobridge cultures, while the English-speaking world becomes ever more complacent andcuts down on foreign language learning programmes in the mistaken belief that it isenough to know English.World peace in the future depends on intercultural understanding. Those best placedto help that process may not be the ones with the latest technology and state of the artmobile phones, but those with the skills to understand what lies in, under and beyond the words spoken in many different languages.文化冲突我们生活在一个交流非常便捷的时代。
Unit4 Cultural Encounters答案综合教程二
Unit 4 Cultural EncountersKey to the ExercisesText comprehensionI.BII.1. T;2. F;3. T;4. T;5. T.III.1. “snail mail”.2. “an essential stepping stone on the road to success”.3. “the profound relationship between language and cultur e that lies at the heart of society”.4. “the means to shape our views of the world”.5. “to negotiate the boundaries between languages and to compromise in translation”.6. “to use linguistic skills, to think differently, to enter into another culture’s m entality and to shape language accordingly”.IV.1. The age we are living provides us with convenient ways to reach any part of the world.2. It seems that everyone is able to always get in touch with anyone else if he or she can afford to.3. is the most important to society.4. This is a fundamental skill in today’s world, where different cultures interact.5. Lots of people are finding ways to interrelate different cultures.Structural analysis of the text1. The last sentence of the 3rd paragraph: “Mo st fundamental is the profound relationship between language and culture that lies at the heart of society and one that we overlook at our peril.”2. Paragraph 4: The lack of an exact counterpart of the English word “homesickness” in other languages such as Italian, Portuguese, and German.Paragraph 5: The problem of untranslatability which the early Bible translators encountered.Paragraph 6: English and Welsh speakers make adjustments regarding the color spectrum in the grey / green / blue / brown range; The word “democracy” means completely different things in different contexts; the flat breads of Central Asiaare a long way away from Mother’s Pride white sliced toasties, yet the word “bread” has to serve for both.VocabularyI. Phrase practice1. provided =as long as 假如，倘若need never be out of touch =can never fail to be reached 从不会失去联系2. regardless of =no matter 不管，不顾3. overlook at our peril =fail to notice at great risk 忽视……的危险或风险4. hovers somewhere in and around all those words =may be described by these words to varying degrees5. hit the problem of untranslatability head-on = were directly confronted with the problem that something in one language cannot be rendered into anotherII.1. stepping stone;2. at their peril;3. serve;4. mentality;5. staple;6. facilitating;7. messaging;8. hybrid.III. Word derivationFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. economy2. accessible3. fundamentally4. homesick5. negotiable6. adjusted7. remoteness8. complacentlyIV.1. D;2. C;3. A;4. D;5. B;6. A;7. B;8. C.V. Synonym / AntonymGive a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Synonym: time, era, epoch2. Synonym: meetings3. Synonym: basic, fundamental4. Antonym: misshape5. Synonym: unavoidably6. Synonym: worry, concern, anxiety7. Antonym: hide, concealVI. PrefixWrite in each space one word that has the same prefix as underlined in the given word.1. unbelievable2. imperfect3. disagreement4. misplace5. malfunction6. enable7. surpass 8. submarineGrammarI. Complete the following sentences with the correct verb forms.1. helps2. hope; are enjoying; sunbathe; go; are going.3. is being.4. is typing5. am not eating.6. am reading7. are always leaving.8. go; belongs; wants; is using.9. is boiling.10. is putting; is rewiring; is building.II. Correct the errors.1. is passing → passes; is shooting → shoots.2. OK.3. are crying.4. OK.5. am knowing → know.6. am gathering → gather.7. work → am working.8. do → are; sneeze → sneezing.III.thank; are dispatching; regret; have; are contacting; hear; enclose/are enclosing; decide; have; are listed; regret; hope; enclose/are enclosing.IV.1. a. The speaker is complaining; b. The speaker gives a fact.2. a. am considering; b. have the opinion.3. a. It suggests a permanent nature; b. It suggests a temporary behaviour.4. a. is taking care of; b. have no objection to.5. a. am waiting for; b. believe.6. a. am waiting for; b. believe.V. Position of adjectivesRewrite the following descriptions putting the adjectives in the correct order.1. a large pair of red woolen socks2. a powerful new white German car3. a small rectangular grey Japanese radio4. a big modern concrete office building5. a medium size French stainless steel saucepan6. a superb medieval rose-shaped stained-glass window7. a prominent triangular red road sign8. a tiny black and white Chinese dogTranslationI.1．因此，你也许会问，为什么还有人会对这些绝妙的发展顾虑重重为什么英语成为世界语言会让一部分人惴惴不安2．不同的文化并不仅仅是给世界贴上不同标签的人群；语言给了我们塑造世界观的工具，而语言又是不一样的。
大学英语综合教程2 的课后练习答案unit4
string n. — 1) a series of related or similar events Examples — 2) (a) narrow cord used to tie, fasten, etc.
• The curious boy asked a string of questions.
Reference:
Infertile people who cannot have babies otherwise, people suffering fatal diseases, and some religious people seeking immortality.
2. For what reasons do most governments prohibit cloning?
Unit 4
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Passage A
Passage B
Passage A
• Think Abou About It
• Write About It
1. What kind of people are in favor of carrying on with the cloning science?
And it’s not just Antinori and his team who are eager to go. A religious group called the Raelians believes cloning is the key to achieving immortality, and it, too, claims to have the necessary egg donors and volunteers willing to be implanted with cloned embryos. So what about tougher laws? Implanting cloned human embryos is already illegal in many countries but it will never be prohibited everywhere. In any case, the prohibition of cloning is more likely to drive it underground than stamp it out. Secrecy is already a problem. Antinori and his team are refusing to name the country they’ll be using as their base. Like it or not, the research is going ahead. Sooner or later we are going to have to decide whether regulation is safer than prohibition.
Unit4CulturalEncounters课文翻译综合教程二(20210110005936)
Unit 4 Cultural EncountersSusan BassnettWe live in an age of easy access to the rest of the world. Cheap flights mean that millions of people are able to visit places their parents could only dream about, while the Internet enables us to communicate with the remotest places and the traditional postal services are now referred to almost mockingly as "snail mail." When students go off back-packing, they can email their parents from Internet cafes in the Himalayas or from a desert oasis. And as for mobile phones —the clicking of text messaging at any hour of the day or night has become familiar to us all. Everyone, it seems, provided, of course, they can afford to do so, need never be out of touch.Significantly also, this great global communications revolution is also linked to the expansion of English, which has now become the leading international language. Conferences and business meetings around the globe are held in English, regardless of whether anyone present is a native English speaker. English has simply become the language that facilitates communication, and for many people learning English is an essential stepping stone on the road to success.So why, you may wonder, would anyone have misgivings about all these wonderful developments, and why does the rise of English as a global language cause feelings of uneasiness for some of us? For there are indeed problems with the communications revolution, problems that are not only economic. Most fundamental is the profound relationship between language and culture that lies at the heart of society and one that we overlook at our peril.Different cultures are not simply groups of people who label the world differently; languages give us the means to shape our views of the world and languages are different from one another. We express what we see and feel through language, and because languages are so clearly culture-related, often we find that what we can say in one language cannot be expressed at all in another. The English word "homesickness" translates into Italian as "nostalgia," but English has had to borrow that same word to describe a different state of mind, something that is not quite homesickness and involves a kind of longing. Homesickness and nostalgia put together are almost, but not quite, the Portuguese "saudade," an untranslatable word that describes a state of mind that is not despair, angst (English borrowed that from German), sadness or regret, but hovers somewhere in and around all those words.The early Bible translators hit the problem of untranslatability head-on. How do you translate the image of the Lamb of God for a culture in which sheep do not exist? What exactly was the fruit that Eve picked in the Garden of Eden? What was the creature that swallowed Jonah, given that whales are not given to swimming in warm, southern seas? Faced with unsurmountable linguistic problems, translators negotiated the boundaries between languages and came up with a compromise.Compromising is something that speakers of more than one language understand. When thereare no words in another language for what you want to say, you make adjustments and try to approximate. English and Welsh speakers make adjustments regarding the colour spectrum in the grey / green / blue / brown range, since English has four words and Welsh has three. And even where words do exist, compromises still need to be made. The word "democracy" means completely different things in different contexts, and even a word like "bread" which refers to a staple food item made of flour means totally different things to different people. The flat breads of Central Asia are a long way away from Mother's Pride white sliced toasties, yet the word "bread" has to serve for both.Inevitably, the spread of English means that millions of people are adding another language to their own and are learning how to negotiate cultural and linguistic differences. This is an essential skill in today's hybrid world, particularly now when the need for international understanding has rarely been so important. But even as more people become multilingual, so native English speakers are losing out, for they are becoming ever more monolingual, and hence increasingly unaware of the differences between cultures that languages reveal. Communicating in another language involves not only linguistic skills, but the ability to think differently, to enter into another culture's mentality and shape language accordingly. Millions of people are discovering how to bridge cultures, while the English-speaking world becomes ever more complacent and cuts down on foreign language learning programmes in the mistaken belief that it is enough to know English.World peace in the future depends on intercultural understanding. Those best placed to help that process may not be the ones with the latest technology and state of the art mobile phones, but those with the skills to understand what lies in, under and beyond the words spoken in many different languages.文化冲突我们生活在一个交流非常便捷的时代。
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Unit 4 Cultural EncountersKey to the ExercisesText comprehensionI.BII.1. T;2. F;3. T;4. T;5. T.III.1. “snail mail”.2. “an essential stepping stone on the road to success”.3. “the profound relationship between language and culture that lies at the heart of society”.4. “the means to shape our views of the world”.5. “to negotiate the boundaries between languages and to compromise in translation”.6. “to use linguistic skills, to think differently, to enter into another culture’s mentality and to shape language accordingly”.IV.1. The age we are living provides us with convenient ways to reach any part of the world.2. It seems that everyone is able to always get in touch with anyone else if he or she can afford to.3. is the most important to society.4. This is a fundamental skill in today’s world, where different cultures interact.5. Lots of people are finding ways to interrelate different cultures.Structural analysis of the text1. The last sentence of the 3rd paragraph: “Most fundamental is the profound relationship between language and culture that lies at the heart of society and one that we overlook at our peril.”2. Paragraph 4: The lack of an e xact counterpart of the English word “homesickness” in other languages such as Italian, Portuguese, and German.Paragraph 5: The problem of untranslatability which the early Bible translators encountered.Paragraph 6: English and Welsh speakers make adjustments regarding the color spectrum in the grey / green / blue / brown range; The word “democracy” means completely different things in different contexts; the flat breads of Central Asia are a long way away from Mother’s Pride white sliced toasties, yet the word “bread” has to serve for both.VocabularyI. Phrase practice1. provided =as long as 假如，倘若need never be out of touch =can never fail to be reached 从不会失去联系2. regardless of =no matter 不管，不顾3. overlook at our peril =fail to notice at great risk 忽视……的危险或风险4. hovers somewhere in and around all those words =may be described by these words to varying degrees5. hit the problem of untranslatability head-on = were directly confronted with the problem that something in one language cannot be rendered into anotherII.1. stepping stone;2. at their peril;3. serve;4. mentality;5. staple;6. facilitating;7. messaging;8. hybrid.III. Word derivationFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. economy2. accessible3. fundamentally4. homesick5. negotiable6. adjusted7. remoteness8. complacentlyIV.1. D;2. C;3. A;4. D;5. B;6. A;7. B;8. C.V. Synonym / AntonymGive a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Synonym: time, era, epoch2. Synonym: meetings3. Synonym: basic, fundamental4. Antonym: misshape5. Synonym: unavoidably6. Synonym: worry, concern, anxiety7. Antonym: hide, concealVI. PrefixWrite in each space one word that has the same prefix as underlined in the given word. 1. unbelievable 2. imperfect3. disagreement4. misplace5. malfunction6. enable7. surpass 8. submarineGrammarI. Complete the following sentences with the correct verb forms.1. helps2. hope; are enjoying; sunbathe; go; are going.3. is being.4. is typing5. am not eating.6. am reading7. are always leaving.8. go; belongs; wants; is using.9. is boiling.10. is putting; is rewiring; is building.II. Correct the errors.1. is passing → passes; is shooting → shoots.2. OK.3. are crying.4. OK.5. am knowing → know.6. am gathering → gather.7. work → am working.8. do → are; sneeze → sneezing.III.thank; are dispatching; regret; have; are contacting; hear; enclose/are enclosing; decide; have; are listed; regret; hope; enclose/are enclosing.IV.1. a. The speaker is complaining; b. The speaker gives a fact.2. a. am considering; b. have the opinion.3. a. It suggests a permanent nature; b. It suggests a temporary behaviour.4. a. is taking care of; b. have no objection to.5. a. am waiting for; b. believe.6. a. am waiting for; b. believe.V. Position of adjectivesRewrite the following descriptions putting the adjectives in the correct order.1. a large pair of red woolen socks2. a powerful new white German car3. a small rectangular grey Japanese radio4. a big modern concrete office building5. a medium size French stainless steel saucepan6. a superb medieval rose-shaped stained-glass window7. a prominent triangular red road sign8. a tiny black and white Chinese dogTranslationI.1．因此，你也许会问，为什么还有人会对这些绝妙的发展顾虑重重？为什么英语成为世界语言会让一部分人惴惴不安？2．不同的文化并不仅仅是给世界贴上不同标签的人群；语言给了我们塑造世界观的工具，而语言又是不一样的。