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被动语态的用法归纳总结

被动语态的用法归纳总结

被动语态的用法归纳总结一、概念和基本结构被动语态是英语中的一种句子结构,表示主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。

通常由以下形式构成:be动词(am/is/are/was/were)+过去分词。

二、被动语态的用途1. 突出某个动作或事件的接收者,强调对象。

2. 强调对主语造成影响或结果的行为,而非行为本身。

3. 当无须提及或不知道执行者时使用。

4. 在科学研究和实验报告中经常使用被动语态。

三、被动语态的时态变化1. 一般现在时:am/is/are + 过去分词例:The car is washed every week.每周都会给这辆车清洗。

2. 现在进行时:am/is/are being + 过去分词例:The house is being painted by the workers.工人正在油漆这座房子。

3. 一般过去时:was/were + 过去分词例:The book was written by Mark Twain.这本书是马克·吐温写的。

4. 过去进行时:was/were being + 过去分词例:The crops were being harvested when the storm hit.暴风雨袭击时农作物正在收割。

5. 一般将来时:will be + 过去分词例:The package will be delivered tomorrow.这个包裹明天将被送到。

6. 现在完成时:has/have been + 过去分词例:The problem has been solved by our team.这个问题已经被我们的团队解决了。

四、主动语态和被动语态的转换1. 主动语态变被动语态把主动句的宾语移到前面作为被动句的主语,谓语动词改为相应形式的be动词,原主语成为介词by后的短语(可省略)。

例:Active: They built a new bridge last year.被动:A new bridge was built by them last year.2. 被动语态变主动语态将被动句的主语转化为主格作为主句的主语,谓语使用与原句中be表达时态、人称和数一致的动词原形。

被动语态知识点总结

被动语态知识点总结

被动语态知识点总结在英语学习中,被动语态是一个重要的语法知识点。

掌握被动语态对于准确、清晰地表达意思以及理解英语文章都具有关键作用。

接下来,让我们一起深入探讨被动语态的相关知识。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态的基本构成是“be +过去分词”。

其中,“be”动词要根据不同的时态和主语的人称、数进行变化。

一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are +过去分词。

例如:“The book is read by many people”(这本书被很多人读。

)一般过去时的被动语态:was/were +过去分词。

如:“The house was built last year”(这座房子是去年建的。

)一般将来时的被动语态:will be +过去分词或者 be going to be +过去分词。

比如:“The meeting will be held tomorrow”(会议将在明天举行。

)现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are + being +过去分词。

像:“The problem is being discussed now”(这个问题正在被讨论。

)过去进行时的被动语态:was/were + being +过去分词。

“The machine was being repaired at that time”(那时机器正在被修理。

)现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been +过去分词。

“The work has been finished”(工作已经完成了。

)过去完成时的被动语态:had been +过去分词。

“The task had been completed before he came”(在他来之前任务已经完成了。

)二、被动语态的使用场景1、不知道动作的执行者是谁。

例如:“The window was broken last night”(窗户昨晚被打破了,但不知道是谁打破的。

)2、强调动作的承受者。

被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)

被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)

被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)被动语态知识点讲解被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念之一,它在句子中常常用来强调动作的接受者或者对象。

在本文中,我们将详细介绍被动语态的用法和结构,并提供一些实例用以帮助读者更好地理解和运用被动语态。

一、什么是被动语态被动语态是指句子的主语是动作的接受者或对象,而动作的执行者成为句子的宾语或介词短语。

被动语态使用助动词“be”加上动词的过去分词形式构成。

二、被动语态的结构根据被动语态的不同时态,其结构会有些许变化。

下面我们将一一介绍几种常见时态的被动语态结构:1. 一般现在时态:被动语态的一般现在时结构为:[be(am/is/are)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:She writes a book.被动句:A book is written by her.2) 主动句:They make delicious cakes.被动句:Delicious cakes are made by them.2. 现在进行时态:被动语态的现在进行时结构为:[be(am/is/are)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:He is washing the car.被动句:The car is being washed by him.2) 主动句:They are building a house.被动句:A house is being built by them.3. 一般过去时态:被动语态的一般过去时结构为:[be(was/were)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:She bought a new car.被动句:A new car was bought by her.2) 主动句:They painted the wall.被动句:The wall was painted by them.4. 过去进行时态:被动语态的过去进行时结构为:[be(was/were)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:He was cleaning the house.被动句:The house was being cleaned by him.2) 主动句:They were repairing the car.被动句:The car was being repaired by them.三、被动语态的用法被动语态的使用可以有多种情况,下面是几个常见的用法:1. 强调行为的接受者:被动语态可以强调动作的接受者或者对象,使其在句子中得到突出。

初中知识点归纳被动语态的特殊用法与句型转换

初中知识点归纳被动语态的特殊用法与句型转换

初中知识点归纳被动语态的特殊用法与句型转换初中知识点归纳:被动语态的特殊用法与句型转换被动语态是英语语法中的重要部分,它常常用于强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。

在初中阶段,学生们逐渐接触和学习被动语态。

除了一般的被动语态用法外,还有一些特殊用法和句型转换需要我们掌握。

本文将针对这些内容进行简要归纳。

一、特殊用法1. 不知情的被动当我们描述某事被做时,但不知道或不关心动作的执行者时,可以使用不知情的被动语态。

例句:1) The window was broken.(窗户破了)2) The purse has been stolen.(钱包被偷了)2. 句型“have/get something done”在英语中,“have/get something done”表示让别人为自己做某事的意思。

在被动语态中,主语是接受动作的对象,而动作的执行者常常不重要或未指明。

例句:1) I had my hair cut.(我理了发)2) She got her car repaired.(她让人修了车)3. 句型“be to blame for”当我们想表达某事是由某人负责或应该为其负责时,可以使用“be to blame for”这一被动语态句型。

例句:1) He is to blame for the accident.(他应为这次事故负责)2) They were to blame for the delay.(他们应对耽搁负责)二、句型转换1. 主动句变被动句将主动句转换为被动句时,需要注意以下几点:1) 主语变为被动语态的主语;2) 动词使用被动形式(be+过去分词);3) 如果主动句中有宾语,需要将其变为被动语态句中的主语。

例句:1) 主动句:They build bridges.(他们建桥)被动句:Bridges are built by them.(桥被他们建造)2. 被动句变主动句将被动句转换为主动句时,可以根据以下步骤进行:1) 被动语态的主语变为主动语态的宾语;2) 被动语态的谓语动词变为主动语态的谓语动词;3) 被动语态的宾语变为主动语态的主语。

被动语态用法总结

被动语态用法总结

被动语态用法总结1.一般谓语动词可以通过被动语态来表达被动的意义。

2.当谓语动词带有双宾语时,也可以使用被动语态。

3.在被动语态中,感官动词如see、hear、watch、feel、notice等以及使役动词let、make、have等词后跟省略to的不定式,需要加上不定式符号to。

例如:我们经常在晚上听到一个女孩读英语。

改为被动语态:一个女孩经常被我们听到在晚上读英语。

被动语态还有一些特殊的用法:1.有时可以使用主动形式来表达被动意义。

这种情况通常出现在某些连系动词如smell、feel、taste、sound、prove等中。

例如:这个故事听起来很有趣。

2.某些不及物动词如happen、take place、break out/burstout和spread等在句子中也可以表达被动含义。

例如:近几年我的家乡发生了很大的变化。

3.介词for、on、above、under等构成的短语也可以表达被动含义。

例如:她的一些著名的画在这次展览会上被展出。

4.形容词worth后面跟动名词也可以表示被动含义。

例如:这本书值得一读。

5.在need、want、require、deserve和bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动含义,相当于动词不定式的被动形式。

例如:这块表需要被修理。

The hair needs to be cut。

English needs to be read more often.Passive voice can sometimes express an active meaning。

There are two main points that students need to pay n to:1) Some fixed phrases。

their passive voice often expresses an active meaning。

For example。

be concerned with/about (care about)。

被动语态语法知识点总结

被动语态语法知识点总结

被动语态语法知识点总结一、被动语态的基本结构被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,通过将动作的承受者置于句子的主语位置,强调动作的接受者而非执行者。

被动语态的基本结构为:be动词(am, is, are, was, were)+过去分词。

例如:Active voice(主动语态):The dog chased the cat.(狗追赶着猫。

)Passive voice(被动语态):The cat was chased by the dog.(猫被狗追赶。

)二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者:被动语态可以将动作的承受者放在句子的主语位置,使其成为句子的焦点。

例如:Active voice: He wrote a book.(他写了一本书。

)Passive voice: A book was written by him.(一本书被他写了。

)2. 隐藏执行者:有时候,句子的执行者并不重要或显而易见,这时可以使用被动语态来隐藏执行者。

例如:Active voice: They built this house.(他们建造了这座房子。

)Passive voice: This house was built by them.(这座房子被他们建造了。

)3. 表示客观事实:被动语态常用于描述客观事实或一般真理。

例如:Active voice: People speak English all over the world.(全世界人们讲英语。

)Passive voice: English is spoken all over the world.(英语在全世界都被讲。

)4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者:当动作的承受者比执行者更重要时,可以使用被动语态将其放在句子的主语位置。

例如:Active voice: The car hit the tree.(汽车撞到了树。

)Passive voice: The tree was hit by the car.(树被汽车撞到了。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的特殊情况与应用

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的特殊情况与应用

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的特殊情况与应用被动语态在英语中是一个非常常见且重要的语法点。

它经常用来描述一个动作的接受者或者受害者,而不是执行者。

在被动语态的基本情况下,我们需要使用"be + 过去分词"的形式构建句子。

然而,在某些情况下,被动语态会存在一些特殊的应用以及使用上的注意事项。

本文将对这些特殊情况进行归纳总结,以及在学习被动语态时需要特别注意的内容。

一、特殊情况1. 直接宾语变主语在被动语态中,直接宾语常常会转变为句子的主语。

通常,我们将及物动词后的宾语作为主语,而将原主语置于介词"by"之后。

例如: Active: They make cars in this factory.Passive: Cars are made in this factory (by them).在以上例子中,"cars"从主动语态中变为了被动语态的主语,而"they"则放在了介词"by"之后。

2. 间接宾语在有间接宾语的情况下,我们通常将间接宾语置于介词"to"之后。

例如:Active: They gave me a book.Passive: I was given a book (by them).在这个例子中,"me"从直接宾语变为了被动语态的主语,并放在了介词"by"之后。

3. 及物动词与介词短语有一些及物动词后面跟着介词短语,当它们转换为被动语态时,介词会移到句子的末尾。

例如:Active: He took care of his brother.Passive: His brother was taken care of (by him).在这个例子中,"of his brother"变为了被动语态中的介词短语,并放在了句子末尾。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态中的特殊情况和结构

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态中的特殊情况和结构

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态中的特殊情况和结构被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要部分,也是学习英语的学生常常会遇到的难点之一。

在一般情况下,被动语态的构成较为简单,即“被动助动词(be动词的各种形式)+过去分词”。

然而,在某些特殊情况下,被动语态的使用存在一些特殊的结构和用法。

本文将对高中英语被动语态中的特殊情况和结构进行归纳总结。

一、不及物动词的被动语态通常情况下,不及物动词是没有被动形式的,因为它们本身就不具备被动的意义。

但是,在某些情况下,我们需要使用被动语态来表达被动的含义。

这时,需要借助于转换结构,即将不及物动词转化为及物动词,然后再使用被动语态。

示例:1. 主动语态:The tree grows rapidly.(这棵树生长很快。

)转换为被动语态:The tree is grown rapidly.(这棵树生长得很快。

)2. 主动语态:They sleep for eight hours every day.(他们每天睡八个小时。

)转换为被动语态:They are slept for eight hours every day.(他们每天被睡八个小时。

)二、双宾语的被动语态某些及物动词可以接受两个宾语,一个是直接宾语,一个是间接宾语。

当双宾语的句子转换为被动语态时,可以根据需要选择保留其中一个宾语或保留两个宾语。

示例:1. 主动语态:He gave me a gift.(他给了我一件礼物。

)转换为被动语态(保留直接宾语):I was given a gift by him.(我被他给了一件礼物。

)2. 主动语态:She bought her sister a book.(她给她姐姐买了一本书。

)转换为被动语态(保留间接宾语):Her sister was bought a book by her.(她姐姐被她买了一本书。

)三、感官动词的被动语态感官动词(如see、watch、hear、notice等)表示看、听等感官动作的动词,一般不用于进行被动语态的转换,而是使用不带被动意义的形式,即使用主动形式作为被动语态。

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被动语态的使用1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态,这时往往不用by 短语。

“Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class. ”(只是告诉老师杯子坏了,不知是谁弄坏的,或不想说出谁弄坏的)。

2.突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by 短语。

These records were made by John Denver. The cup was broken by Paul.3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者,也不是动作的承受者时,这时常用in + 名词作状语,而代替by 短语。

These cars were made in China. 15, 000 cars will be produced each year in the new factory.语态转换时要注意的问题1. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时,可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动,一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。

My uncle gave me a present on my birthday./I was given a present on my birthday.如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语,则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词,如上句还可以说:A present was given to me yesterday.注意:一般在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前用介词to,如:bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。

The cup with mixture was showed to the class. My bike was lent to her.一般在下列动词后,间接宾语前用介词for, 如:build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。

Mother made me a new skirt. (A new skirt was made for me. )he meat was cooked for us. Some country music was played for us.有些既不用to 也不用for, 根据动词与介词的搭配关系。

He asked me a question. (A question was asked of me. ) People all over the world know the Great Wall.The Great Wall is known to people all over the world. (不用by短语)2. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词,把它们看成一个及物动词,介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。

这类动词有:不及物动词+ 介词,如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。

The patient is being operated on. The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.及物动词+ 副词:如:bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。

His request was turned down. The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather.3. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语,而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。

如:We always keep the classroom clean. →The classroom is always kept clean.She told us to follow her instructions. →We were told to follow her instructions.注意:在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to,但改成被动语态后都带to,这时不定式为主语补足语,也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。

We often hear him play the guitar. →He is often heard to play the guitar.注意:带有复合宾语的句子,如果宾语补足语是名词,变被动句时,应将宾语变为主语,不要误把宾语补足语的名词作主语。

如:Tomatoes were first taken back to Europe and people called them love apples.误:Love apples were called them. 正:They were called love apples.4. 还有一种短语动词由动词+ 名词+ 介词构成,变被动语态有两种形式,如下:1) We take good care of the books.The books are taken good care of.Good care is taken of the book.2) You must pay attention to your pronunciation.Attention must be paid to your pronunciation.Your pronunciation must be paid attention to.用于这类结构的短语动词常见的有:catch sight of, make use of, pay attention to, set fire to, take care of, take hold of, take notice of, keep an eye on 等。

5. 当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时,被动句中将其变为anybody, 作by的宾语,并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。

如:Nobody can answer this question.误:The question can be answered by nobody. 正:The question can not be answered by anybody.6. 当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时,在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语,并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。

如:They haven't done anything to make the river clean.误:Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean.正:Nothing has been done to make the river clean.7. 以who为主语开头的疑问句,变被动时,用by whom放在句首:Who wrote the story?误:Who was the story written?正:By whom was the story written?8. (主动形式表示被动)有些动词既是及物又是不及物,当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时,表示主语内在品质或性能,是不及物动词,用主动表示被动,这时不用被动语态,常见的有:write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。

如:The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。

The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。

The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写字很流畅。

对比:The books sell well. (主动句) The books were sold out. (被动句)The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句) The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat. (被动句)9. 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句:第一,感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义,如:feel,look, seem, taste, sound, remain 等。

—Do you like the material? —Yes, it feels very soft.误:It is felt very soft.The food tastes delicious.误:The food is tasted delicious.The pop music sounds beautiful.误:The pop music is sounded beautiful.第二,谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。

如:He entered the room and got his book.误:The room was entered and his book was got.She had her hand burned.误:Her hand was had burned.第三,一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态,如:take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。

如:The fire broke out in the capital building.误:The fire was broke out in the capital building.第四,不及物动词没有被动语态,如:rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。

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