北外汉译英笔译期末考试参考译文
北外英语学院翻译考研真题
北外英语学院翻译考研真题一、英译汉Passage 1:The Price of EducationThe fact that university education has become such a lucrative business has attracted much attention. Universities in the United States, for example, constantly compete to attract students, and they do so by offering various inducements.Some universities offer better facilities, and try to create an attractive environment in which to live and study. Increasingly, however, the quality of education is also being judged by the percentage of graduates who are able to find employment after graduation. Employers, it seems, are no longer satisfied with a university education per se, but want to be assured that graduates will have the skills necessary for the job. To ensure this, some universities are offering simulated work experience as part of their degree programs. Some universities even venture into the realm of industry and commerce, regarding themselves as training colleges rather than as scholarly institutions.The motives behind this new emphasis on practical training are not entirely altruistic. Many universities in the United Kingdom, for example, rely heavily on government funding. The thinking is that by producing employable graduates, universities are not only ensuring that their graduates get good jobs and earn good money, they are also reducing the burden on thestate. Indeed, in some countries, universities that fail to achieve high levels of graduate employment are actually penalized financially.But what is sacrificed in this obsession with practicality? The traditional concept of a university is based on the belief that knowledge is valuable in itself, and that the purpose of education is the pursuit of truth. To surrender this belief and degrade the university to the role of industry training center is to throw the baby out with the bathwater. Certainly, graduates must be able to find employment to support themselves, but a society that puts material gain above all else is a society that has lost its soul.Passage 2:Another Look at Cross-cultural CommunicationThe common expectation of much cross-cultural training is that it is designed to help business people improve their cross-cultural communication competence, thus increasing performance in a variety of multicultural or international contexts. Cross-cultural training often takes the form of brief seminars, sometimes with hands-on experiential exercises and is meant to be enjoyable, eye-opening and informative. Many authors believe that by offering such training, organizations are doing the right thing for their employees because effective cross-cultural communication skills can be a competitive advantage in business.However, less attention has been given to understanding the linkage between the skills and competencies that have been delineated and measured and the ability of learners to effectively apply such knowledge and abilities in specific situations they are likely to encounter at work. Despite the proliferation of studies advocating the use of cross-cultural training toenhance global management effectiveness, very little is known about how training may affect the actual performance of individuals or groups that are experiencing business or mission/aid-related challenges outside of their native cultural contexts.In today’s globalized and technological world, businesses and individuals are more connected across cultural boundaries than ever. In fact, almost all businesses from small to multinational employ individuals who have some form of cross-cultural interactions on a daily basis. By increasing our understanding of the linkages between knowledge, skills and abilitiesand desired training outcomes, we may be able to help individuals and organizations more effectively navigate the challenges associated with increasingly dynamic and complex cross-cultural task environment in which they operate.二、汉译英翻译 Passage 1：教育的代价大学教育已成为一个利润丰厚的生意，这一事实引起了广泛关注。
北外高翻译考试试题及参考译文
北外高翻译考试试题及参考译文2017年北外高翻译考试试题及参考译文Bitter pills may have wholesome effects.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年北外高翻译考试试题及参考译文，希望能给大家带来帮助!一、将下列段落译为汉语(25分)Fifteen years ago at the Fourth World Conference on Women. Governments pledged to advance equality, development and peace for all women everywhere. The landmark Beijing Declaration has had a deep and wide-ranging impact. It has guided policymaking and inspired new national laws. It has sent a clear message to women and girls around the world that equality and opportunity are their inalienable rights.There are many examples of progress, thanks in large part to the resolute efforts of civil society organizations. A growing number of countries have legislation thatsupports sexual and reproductive health and promotes gender equality.Nonetheless, much work remains. Maternal mortality remains unacceptably high, too few women have access to family planning, and violence against women remainsa cause for global shame. In particular, sexual violence during conflict is endemic.One key lesson of the past decade and a half is the importance of addressing broader discrimination and injustice. Gender stereotyping and discrimination remain common in all cultures and communities. Early and forced marriage. sexual abuse and trafficking of young women and girls are disturbingly prevalent and, in some areas, on the rise. Whether lookingthrough the lens of poverty. or in times of disaster, we see that women still bear the greatest burden.15年前，在第四次妇女问题世界会议上，各国政府承诺为造福世界各地所有妇女而推进平等、发展与和平。
翻译期末试题及答案
翻译期末试题及答案第一部分：中译英（共50分）请将以下中文句子翻译成英文。
1. 他们正在商讨新的营销策略。
（5分）2. 这家公司一直致力于环保事业。
（5分）3. 这个项目的目标是增加市场份额。
（5分）4. 他们通过采取积极措施来解决这个问题。
（5分）5. 你能给我解释一下这个单词的意思吗？（5分）答案：1. They are discussing new marketing strategies.2. This company has always been committed to environmental causes.3. The goal of this project is to increase market share.4. They are addressing this issue by taking proactive measures.5. Could you explain the meaning of this word to me?第二部分：英译中（共50分）请将以下英文句子翻译成中文。
1. The company plans to expand its operations in Asia.（5分）2. The deadline for submitting the report is next Friday.（5分）3. Our team won the championship for the third consecutive year.（5分）4. The government is implementing new policies to stimulate economic growth.（5分）5. The CEO delivered a inspiring speech at the conference.（5分）答案：1. 公司计划在亚洲扩大业务。
北外真题翻译汉英
People have scarcely ever inquired into what on earth books could bring for us. We, most commonly, want/lack a clear way of thinking or set goals in the course of reading: verisimilitude is expected of novels while fiction/illusion of poems; biography is immediately linked to flattering whoever it writes of whereas history catering to our own prejudices. A good point of departure for reading would be achieved when such prejudices could be discarded/ abandoned. (A removal/disposal of such prejudices will help us arrive at / reach a good point of departure in reading.) It is inappropriate to impose any special requirement upon the writer; rather, it is better to imagine oneself in the writer’s shoe, cooperating and thinking/planning with him. If, at the start, you have been arrogant, preserved and ready to find faults, the pith embedded in the book will elude you. Instead, an open-minded and modest attitude could help you read between the lines long-winded within its first pages so as to grasp the nuanced \subtle and imperceptible traces and intimations. At last, the very special character\man\figure thus comes into our mind.。
英语专业期末考试翻译试题,汉译英
英语专业期末考试翻译试题,汉译英翻译下列词语。
（1）雪中送炭 help a lame dog over a stile（2）好好先生 yes-man(3)一寸光阴一寸金 an inch of time is an inch of gold(4)西部大开发 western development(5)破产 have/wear a green bonnet二．.翻译下列句子。
（1）幽默是智慧、学识、机敏的结晶，幽默在我们社会、家庭、工作、学习、生活中不可或缺。
Humor is the crystallization of wit, knowledge, and resourcefulness. It is also indispensable to our work, study ,family ,society ,and life in general.(2) 她使我知道人间的温暖;她使我知道爱与被爱的幸福。
It was to her that I owed my awareness of the fact that there is warmth in the world—that to show love is no less happiness than to be loved.(3)中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。
（邓小平）China can be counted on. Among other things, first, it upholds principles and second, it honors its words.(4) 月光如水一般，静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。
薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里，叶子和华仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样；又像笼着轻纱的梦。
Moonlight cascaded like water over the locus leaves and flowers, and a light blue mist floating up from the pool made them seem washed in milk or caught in a gauzy dream.(5)专家们认为，这种流行病不是由空气污染，就是由食物污染所引起。
北外英语翻译XX考试2021年试题(四)
北外英语翻译xx考试XX年试题（四）北外英语翻译资格证书考试xx年试题（四） ___：xx-05-13 （四）中级口译考试时间：30分钟Part 1 English into Chinese[//表示停顿]International Cooperation Against Transnational Organized CrimeOrganized crime groups pose challenges as never before to societies everywhere. Whether involved in drug trafficking, money laundering, people smuggling or outright terrorism they operate in a sophisticated way without regard to national frontiers. The profits of crime are vast. The International Moary Fund has stated that he aggregate size of money laundering in the world could be somewhere between two and five per cent of the world’s gross domestic product.Putting a dollar figure on that, it is estimated that money laundering activity could now involve as much as 1.5trillion US dollars a year, and it seems likely that half of that figure is attributable to the proceeds of drug trafficking.//Given that profits of this scale can be made, the temptations for people at all levels to get involved are manifest, and we must clearly understand and beak down the vicious cycle that exists between money laundering)and corruption: corruption has to be well funded to, sueed in its object of corrupting public officials and others, and that is being achieved all too often by the use of illicit assets.The manner in which we respond to this problem is not only a test of our concern for a safer world, but a measure of our determination to create a decent future for coning generations.//In the wake of the events of 11 September xx, a war against terrorism is being pursued on various fronts. This includes a direct assault on money laundering, which is now recognized, more so than ever before, as an insidious crime which is all pervasive. It threatens the stability of our societies. It undermines our financial institutions. It challenges our national security.As a transnational crime, money laundering can only be bated through close cooperation among national authorities efforts by states acting alone to attack the economic power of criminal groups will not sueed if other states do not take plementary action. In the absence of a coordinated and effective international framework, all too often non-participating countries offer criminals safe havens for laundering funds.//And as patterns of crime develop and bee mere sophisticated and profitable, we in law enforcement must be adequately resourced, fully trained, and efficiently deployed We must prosecute the organized criminals, size their assets, and disrupt their operations. The fight against moneylaundering will be a protracted and plex process, and we must be prepaid to play a long game. Our societies expect no less of us.For when we fight money laundering, we fight organized crime. When we fight money laundering, we keep drugs out playgrounds and away from our kids. We keep weapons out of the hands of terrorists. We protect small business. And we safeguard the human dignity of women and childrentrafficked into forced labor and prostitution. When we stop criminals from enjoying the of their illicit activity, we serve the cause of freedom and justice. For law enforcement, there is no higher calling.//Part 2 Chinese into English信息革命当前，以信息技术为代表的高新技术发展日新月异，信息技术与信息产业正在有力地推动着经济全球化的进程，并由此产生了新的经济模式，催生了一些新的产业，加速了世界性的产业结构、产品结构的调整，对全球 ___活动产生了难以估量的影响。
北外口译翻译技巧资料(英译汉)
英译汉Chapter One 词义的选择、引申和褒贬一．词义的选择（一）根据词性He likes physics.They are shining like gold.Like knows like.(二) 根据上下文联系He is the last man to do it.He should be the last to blame.He is the last man to come.He is the last person for such a job.二．词义的引申（一）将词义做抽象化的引申1．将表示具体形象的词译成该形象代表的属性Every life has its roses and thorns.每个人的生活有甜有苦。
There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of them.他们的性格既残暴，又狡猾。
2．将带有特征性形象的词译成该形象所代表的词see-sawing between partly good and faintly bad时好时坏这两种情况不断地交替出现Their troops goosestepped into power.他们的军队耀武扬威地夺取了政权。
（二）将词义做具体化的引申The car in front of me stopped and I missed the green.我前面的车停下来了，我错过了绿灯。
三．词义的褒贬（一）英语中有些词本身具有褒贬意义He was a man of high renown.他是位有名望的人。
His notoriety didn’t come until his death.他的恶名是他死后才传开的。
（二）中立意义的词在上下文中译出褒贬The politician talked about his hopes and ambitions.我们要求他谈了他的希望和抱负He had lied to me and made me the tool of his wicked deeds.他欺骗了我，使我成了他进行罪恶勾当的工具。
北京外国语大学高翻英汉同传考研备考资料 英译汉练习题
北京外国语大学高翻英汉同传考研备考资料英译汉练习题1.将下列段落译为汉语In the pre-modern era,political,economic,and social life was governed by a dense web of interlocking relationships inherited from the past and sanctified by region.Limited personal freedom and material benefits exited alongside a mostly unquestioned social solidarity.Traditional local orders began to erode with the rise of capitalism in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as the increasing prevalence and dominance of market relationships broke down existing hierarchies.The shift produced economic and social dynamism,an increase in material benefits and personal freedoms and a decreasing in communal feeling.As this process continued,the first modern political ideology,classical liberalism,emerged to celebrate and justify.Liberalism stressed the importance of the rule of law,limited government,and free commercial transactions.It highlighted the manifold rewards of moving to a world dominated by markets rather than traditional communities,a shift the economic historian Karl Polanyi would call“the great transformation.”But along with the gains came losses as well-of a sense of place of social and psychologycal stability,of traditional bulwarks against life’s vieissitudes.Left to itself,capitalism produced long-term aggregate benefits along with great volatility and inequality.This is combination resulted in what Polanyi called a“double movement”a progressive expansion of both market society and reactions against it.1.将下列短文译为汉语The European Union was established with a legal treaty and is feounded on the principle of the rule of law.This concept centers on a set of rules governing all socity’s processes and interactions and being above all society’s institutions and organizations.The rules or laws set the moral and ethical standards by which the behaviour of members of society and organizations are judged.For the rule of law and thereby civil society to flourish,it requires the citizens of a country to respect and trust legal processes,and the law to be applied in a consistent way to all.This gives people a feeling of inclusiveness and optimism about their future.The European Union’s Governance for Equitable Development(GED)project,implemented by the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP)from2007to2012,has assisted China to benefit from knowledge of Europe’s developed legal system and civil society through technical exchange, research and knowledge sharing.As people’s incomes grow and material living standards rise,their expectation about the quality of life,participation in civil society,protection of property and individual rights increase. Meeting these expectation for a better life in a rapidly urbanizing society with a still significant rural population is one of the key challenges facing China today.This is where the GED project has supported China in moving to a more equitable,inclusive and vibrant civil society,based on the rule of law.The project has worked with three key Chinese agencies,the National Peoples’Congress,the Supreme People’s Court and the Ministry of Civil Affairs on topics ranging from law drafting and court efficiency to registration of civil society organizations.The project has produced remarkable results over five years,leading to an improved environment for civil society to flourish in China, increased citizen participation in law marking,reduced barriers to seeking justice,increased transparency and efficiency of selected courts and progress in the consistency of court decisions.。
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北京外国语大学2011年第二学期汉译英笔译期末考试参考译文原文：跨越左右分歧：从实践历史来探寻改革…计划经济时代政府的极端全能管制型一面应该被抛弃，但其有效的公共服务一面则应适当继承，用来建立一种“第三条道路”。
扩大公共服务甚至可以看作改善国家体制的机遇。
[本段不在考试范围。
但为了保证前后连贯，故自行增译了两句。
]根据以上的讨论，中央政府的政策抉择显然非常关键。
鉴于过去三十年的实践经验，最关键的步骤也许是地方官员审核的制度。
如果能够把优质福利、社会公平和环境保护真正变成“硬”道理，采纳具有长远视野的审核制度来替代现在仍然主要以经济发展为标准的政绩机制，应该不仅能够推动市场发展，也能促进国家体制本身的转化。
毋庸说，目标是从旧管制型国家体制转化为真正为人民服务的体制。
从实践历史的角度来考虑，正因为当前的中国既来自人民共和国前三十年的社会主义历史背景，也来自改革三十年的新自由主义历史背景，今后的中国追寻的该是两者的结合和超越，而不是非此即彼的、不符合历史实际的二元对立的抉择。
崔之元极具挑战性地打出了“自由社会主义”的设想，其中一个关键建议是把大量仍然存在的国有资产纳入市场环境现实来考虑，既不限于纯粹反市场的计划经济视野，也不限于纯粹私有化的资本主义视野，强调的是利用这些来自计划经济的国有资产在市场经济中的增值来支付公共服务与社会保障，甚或收入的重新分配，由此来体现“社会主义市场经济”。
这是一个具有一定历史渊源和理论深度的“另类”设想。
它也和强世功论文的观点有一定的相通之处，因为我们可以把强文解读为提倡既纳入中国成文宪法的自由民主主义观点，也纳入中国不成文宪法（或“根本法”）的中国共产党的社会主义党章观点，由此来超越当前非此即彼的狭窄观点，由此来理解和探寻符合实践历史的宪法改革。
譬如，我们也许可以想像某种一党民主制，其中的人民代表大会不仅具有立法的权力，更具有财政预算和罢免领导者权力，甚或对国有资产的监督和管理权力。
应该说明，我个人对崔之元的“自由社会主义”和强世功的“成文与不成文宪法”的理解是它们所包含的理想不是一种模棱两可的、和稀泥的那种含含糊糊的妥协，而是在承认两者都是必要的、缺一不可的前提下的超越性综合。
讲究“收益”与增值的国有资产，以及其用来作为提供公共服务和社会保障，甚或收入重新分配的设想，正体现了这样的超越和综合。
自由民主主义的成文宪法与社会主义的共产党党章的并存与结合同样。
至于具体如何综合并在实践中操作，则尚有待于实用性的试验，据此尔后逐步提炼其中的理论性逻辑。
参考译文：Beyond Left-or-Right—Reforming through the Lens of the History of Practice… Although totalitarian control should be abolished, effective public services in the planned economy should be appropriately preserved to carve a “third way”. Expanding public services could even be seen as opportunity to improve the state’s system of governance.Clearly, the critical tool for system revamp is state policy. Experience of the past thirty years shows that the vital step is, perhaps, to reform the appraisal system for local officials. If welfare, social equity and environmental protection are established as “hard” criteria, and if the GDP-based appraisal system is replaced with one motivated by long-term goals, markets will grow and the system of governance will change. No doubt, the goal is Change—from control to service.The history of practice in Modern China depicts thirty years of socialism, followed by thirty years of post-1978 neo-liberalism. Instead of treating the two ideologies as incompatibles—and ignoring the realities in history—we should marry them and reach beyond their confines. In his advocacy of “liberal socialism”, Cui Zhiyuan proposed operating the still existing gargantuan trove of state assets in the free market. This is an idea that is constrained neither by the doctrines of a purely planned economy that pursue anti-market policies, nor the logics of a purely capitalist economy based on private ownership. Cui’s rather contentious proposition emphasises leveraging market forces and using state assets inherited from the planned economy to derive gains in asset value. Such gains may be used to pay for public services, social security and even to redistribute income. In so doing, we actualise the qualities of “socialist market economy”.Cui’s “unconventional” conception is historically and theoretically grounded. By some measure, it agrees with Jiang Shigong’s arguments. We might say that Jiang argues for merging liberal-democracy (stated in China’s written constitution) with socialism (stated in CPC’s party constitution—China’sunwritten constitution and the “fundamental law”). This synthesis of ideals transcends the provincial “this-or-that” approach in comprehending and in pursuing a constitutional reform consistent with the history of practice. An illustration would be a one-party democracy where the people’s congresses command not only legislative power, but also fiscal and budgetary power and power of recall; even power to administer state assets.In my view, Cui’s “liberal socialism” and Jiang’s “written and unwritten constitutions” are not capricious compromises of pola r ideologies. They are the products of a transcending synthesis founded on the premise that both this and the other are necessary and indispensable. Cui’s emphasis on use of “yield” and value gain of state assets to deliver public services and social security and even to redistribute income, and Jiang’s unification of the “written” and “unwritten” constitutions reflect this transcendence. As to the specific concoction and operational approach, different options should be tried and tested, to inform and illuminate over time, the underlying theoretical logic.。