汉英笔译基础教程 翻译技巧及真题[精]
中口笔译B2A二十大技巧案例与练习
中口笔译B2A二十大技巧案例与练习英汉技巧一：高屋建瓴“揽全局”主要是指翻译首先要分清英文主从句，一般先处理插入成分或从句，之后再处理主句。
处理英文细节时要高屋建瓴、宏观把握，不拘泥于一字一词。
行文需要注意中文特有的节奏感，不能拖沓冗长，要按照中文来龙去脉、由远及近的叙事原则组织行文。
实例练习1：The stunning rise of Apple, whose late boss, Steve Jobs, made a fetish of design, has no doubt influenced Google’s thinking since then. The shift towards mobile computing has also forced it to take design more seriously. “There’s an emotional reaction with a personalised mobile devic e that you don’t get with a mouse and a keyboard,”explains Jon Wiley, a search designer who is part of an initiative to revamp Google’s design philosophy that was launched by Larry Page when he became chief executive in 2011.实例练习2：For any outsiders still doubting the reality of reform in Myanmar - for decades one of the region's most isolated nations - Aung San Suu Kyi's flight this week from Yangon toBangkok in neighbouring Thailand should be seen as a historic sign that significant change is indeed underway.It is a brief flight - a little over an hour - yet by taking it, the once-repressed icon of Myanmese freedom will travel light years from her former days under house arrest in her rambling mansion, cut off from her two sons and her husband, not to mention the outside world.课下练习1：Barclays chief executive Bob Diamond caved in to heavypolitical pressure and resigned yesterday, a day after the British bank's chairman quit in a move that had suggested Diamond might hang on to his job.Diamond's departure was in turn followed a few hours later by that of the bank's chief operating officer, Jerry del Missier. Diamond and Del Missier, who only took up his new job last month, were both previously senior figures at the firm's investment banking arm Barclays Capital. Chairman Marcus Agius is now expected to leave only after leading the search for a new chief executive to replace Diamond, whose resignation comes after 18 months in the post.The three resignations come amid a deepening disputeabout whether the Bank of England pushed the lender to submit artificially low interbank lending rates during the financial crisis.课下练习2：Ruebush deplores the current fetish for the hundreds of antibacterial products that convey a false sense of security and may actually foster the development of antibiotic-resistant, disease-causing bacteria. Plain soap and water are all that are needed to become clean, she noted.英汉技巧二：行文提倡“四、六、八”主要是指英译中行文务求简洁、流畅、自然，而简洁的最佳办法就是采用四字句、六字句或八字句，增强行文张力时也是如此，采用四、六、八字句构成同义重复，这是中文的一大特点。
笔译理论与技巧——课后练习题习题,英汉翻译句子
第三课1.China has joined the multilateral group controlling the export of nuclear materials and technology in an important step to bring its policies on proliferation in line with those of Western powers.2.Beijing, China's capital, has become the latest of several industrial centres to fall victim to electricity shortages, with authorities preparing to impose rolling blackouts on some 6,400 factories from yesterday until the end of August.3.The rate of increase in China's car sales slowed dramatically in June, sending the market into potentially more perilous territory for the local and multinational manufacturers that have recently committed more than $l0 billion to new capacity in the country.4.Chinese industrial output growth rebounded in August after months of decline, challenging hopes that the government is successfully engineering a smooth economic "soft landing" and fuelling speculation that Beijing will soon order an interest rate rise.5.Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhaps because of it-China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era by bypassing many of the costly transitional technologies that industrial nations are now seeking to replace with moreadvanced digital systems.6.Today's teachers know they have to make lessons fast-moving and entertaining for children raised on television and computer games.7.China's fixed-asset investment in October was up 26.4 percent from a year earlier, down from the previous month but at a level analysts said was still high enough for Beijing to keep a tight grip on credit.8.In March, the US filed its first WTO complaint against Beijing, over what the US says is a discriminatory tax on semiconductors. With the EU about to follow the same path, China could soon be embroiled in trade disputes with two of its biggest trading partners and investors.第三课1．中国加入了控制核材料和技术出口的多国集团。
穆雷《英汉翻译基础教程》配套题库含考研真题(篇章翻译)【圣才出品】
第4章篇章翻译4.1 语篇衔接⊙指称衔接Ⅰ.人称照应1. You must remember, my dear mother that I have never considered this matter as certain. I have had my doubts, I confess; but they are fainter than they were, and they may soon be entirely done away...【译文】您应该记住，我的好妈妈，我从来没有把事情看得一定如此。
我承认我有疑虑，但是不像以前那么重了，也许很快就会彻底打消……2. In addition English is the language of commerce and the second language of many countries which formerly had French or German in that position.【译文】此外，英语还是贸易语言，并取代了原来法语和德语的位置而成为许多国家的第二语言。
【解析】译文明确了照应对象，保留了英文中的照应方式。
3. Credit cards enable their holders to obtain goods and services on credit. They are issued by retail stores, banks, credit card companies to approved clients. The bank or credit card company settles the client’s bills, invoicing him monthly andcharging interest on any outstanding debts. Their profits come from the high rate of interest charged, the card-holder’s subscriptions, and the fees paid by some organizations that accept cards.【译文】信用卡能使持卡人通过赊账的方式购买商品，得到服务。
新英汉翻译教程翻译的技巧答案
第四章
翻译的技巧
Skills in Translation
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例4：Again and again his knife cut away death , but grazed the very springs of life in doing it, until his assistants were as white as the patient.
【译文】真不知道怎么说好呢？我又不是一个 得意的车主，专门让人家欣赏我的车子来 着，而是个路途中有了难处的游客。
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课堂互动1：A. 翻译下列句子（参考译文）
2. It is actually very, very old and was not always as beautiful as it is now. It is not certain how the Earth began. Probably it began as a huge globe of gas and dust. The globe became smaller and denser. … Today the outer layer or crust is cool and hard, …
【译文】提升Байду номын сангаас件好事。但必须是那些值得提 升的人。而我们只有为人民服务才算得上值 得。
【改后译文】提升是好事，但必须受之无愧。 我们只有坚持为人民服务才能受之无愧。
笔译词汇应试题及答案
笔译词汇应试题及答案1. 请将下列中文词汇翻译成英文，并给出相应的英文解释。
- 一带一路- 可持续发展- 人工智能- 碳中和2. 请将下列英文词汇翻译成中文，并给出相应的中文解释。
- Artificial Intelligence- Green Economy- Cultural Heritage- Globalization3. 请解释以下专业术语，并给出相应的英文翻译。
- 供给侧结构性改革- 共享经济- 绿色发展- 网络安全答案1.- 一带一路：Belt and Road Initiative，指的是中国提出的“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的合作倡议。
- 可持续发展：Sustainable Development，指在满足当前需求的同时，不损害后代满足其需求的能力。
- 人工智能：Artificial Intelligence，指由人制造出来的系统所表现出来的智能。
- 碳中和：Carbon Neutrality，指通过种植森林吸收二氧化碳或采用其他方式抵消产生的二氧化碳排放量，实现净零排放。
2.- Artificial Intelligence：人工智能，由人制造出来的系统所表现出来的智能。
- Green Economy：绿色经济，指以可持续性为目标的经济体系。
- Cultural Heritage：文化遗产，指由人类创造的具有历史、文化、科学或艺术价值的遗产。
- Globalization：全球化，指全球范围内的社会、经济和文化联系的加强。
3.- 供给侧结构性改革：Supply-Side Structural Reform，指的是通过优化供给侧结构，提高供给质量和效率的改革措施。
- 共享经济：Sharing Economy，指的是通过互联网平台，将闲置资源进行共享和再利用的经济模式。
- 绿色发展：Green Development，指的是在发展过程中注重环境保护和资源节约，实现经济发展与生态环境的和谐。
(NEW)冯庆华《汉英翻译基础教程》配套题库(含考研真题)
目 录第一章 词法翻译第一节 对等翻译第二节 增词翻译第三节 减词翻译第四节 合并翻译第五节 转性译法第六节 名词的抽象和具体译法第七节 数字和倍数的翻译第八节 成语的英译第九节 修辞格的翻译第二章 句法翻译第一节 换序和转态第二节 断句和合句译法第三节 长句的译法第四节 正说与反说第三章 语篇与翻译第一节 衔接第二节 连贯第四章 文体与翻译第一节 实用文体翻译第二节 文学文体翻译第一章 词法翻译第一节 对等翻译一、翻译下列词组，注意根据搭配选择合适的词义。
1. ①申请书②报告书③协议书④成绩通知书⑤成交确认书⑥白皮书⑦家书【译文】①letter of application②report③agreement④grade report⑤sales confirmation⑥white book⑦a letter from home2. ①病历表②履历表③时间表④日程表⑤价目表【译文】①case history form②resume③timetable④schedule⑤price list3. ①推荐信②证明信③口信【译文】①letter of recommendation②certificate③an oral message4. ①名单②菜单③账单④保险单⑤订阅单⑥收款清单⑦违规通知单【译文】①name list②menu③bill④policy⑤subscription form⑥account note⑦ticket5. ①写作水平②领导水平③生活水平④发展水平⑤工作水平⑥开放水平【译文】①quality of writing②art of leadership③standard of living④level of development⑤work performance⑥degree of openness6. 身体好，学习好，工作好。
【译文】Keep fit, study well and work hard.7. ①经济法制化②经济全球化③社会知识化④国际关系民主化⑤国民经济信息化⑥科研成果产业化【译文】①to manage economic affairs within a framework②economic globalization③to build a knowledge-driven society④the practice of democracy in international relations⑤to build an information-based national economy⑥to apply scientific research results to industrial production8. ①一窝蜜蜂②一窝小鸡③一窝幼犬【译文】①a swarm of bees②a brood of chickens③a litter of pups9. ①一群美女②一群猎狗③一群鸭④一群羚羊【译文】①a bevy of beautiful ladies②a pack of hounds③a team of ducks④a herd of antelopes10. ①积极支持②积极的财政政策③积极利用国外资源【译文】①unfailing support②proactive fiscal policy③make effective use of overseas resources11. ①基本工资②基本建设③基本物质④基本工业⑤基本利益【译文】①basic wage②capital construction③essential commodity④primary industry⑤fundamental interest12. ①大城市②大雨③大志④大人物⑤大道理【译文】①a big city②a heavy rain③a high aim④an important person⑤general principle13. ①老战士②老领导③老师傅④老芹菜【译文】①a veteran②a senior leader③a master craftsman④overgrown celery14. ①打电话②打的③打毛衣④打水⑤打篮球⑥打农药【译文】①to make a phone call②to take a taxi③to knit a woolen sweater④to fetch water⑤to play basketball⑥to spray insecticide15. ①维护统一②维护独立主权③维护国家荣誉④维护国家主权⑤维护人民利益⑥维护自尊⑦维护世界和平与安全【译文】①to uphold unity②to uphold independence and sovereignty③to defend national honor④to defend state sovereignty⑤to safeguard the people’s interests⑥to safeguard self-respect⑦to maintain/ safeguard world peace and security16. ①进行社会主义革命②进行一场激烈的争论③进行实地调查④进行亲切的谈话⑤进行侵略⑥进行协商⑦进行核试验【译文】①to carry out socialist revolution②to carry on a spirited debate③to make an on-the-spot investigation④to have a cordial conversation⑤to commit aggression to hold consultation with⑥to conduct a nuclear test17. 严格训练、严格要求。
汉英笔译基础教程 翻译技巧及真题[精]
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专八翻译技巧
（九）注意时态
翻译时须注意选择合适的时态。
例：中国古代素来以不怠于物不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。 Ancient Chinese always regard "not confined by material, not driven by material" as the major philosophy. 描述的是一般事实，用一般现在时即可。
专八翻译技巧
（二）谓语最小化原则 1．使用介词短语
例：用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪 in what way the young generation should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes (is ……
2．使用不定式短语
上海翻译资格证书考试真题解析
（八）英语避免重复
例：背离古训（古老的真理） depart from established maxims / truths time-honored mottos are always ignored
（九）四字词
吃透原文含义。 例：亡国灭种的民族危机 the national crisis 赴汤蹈火 go through fire and water
上海翻译资格证书考试真题解析
（三）谓语最小化（动词转译） 1．动词变成名词
例：坚持预防为主、综合治理、全面推进、重点突破 adhering to the principle of prevention first, comprehensive control, entire push-on and key-point breakthrough
英汉翻译基础教程考试重点总结
第一单元翻译概论1翻译就是接受语言复制出与原语信息最接近的自然等值体---首先是就意义而言,其次是就风格而言.Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning, and secondly in terms of style.2按翻译技巧来分: 直译、意译、音译Literal translation does not mean word-for-word translation. Superficially speaking, it means “not to alter the original words and sentences”, strictly speaking, it strives “to keep the sentiments and style of the original”.例如：paper tiger—纸老虎Free translation is an alternative approach generally used to convey the meaning and spirit of the original without trying to copy its sentence patterns of figures of speech.例如：Adam’s apple—喉结；at sixes and sevens—乱七八糟It rains cats and dogs—大雨滂沱3按翻译原则方向来分: 异化翻译（Foreignization）和归化翻译（Domestication ）归化的例子：as timid as a hare 胆小如鼠at a stone’s throw 一箭之遥wet like a drown rat 湿如落汤鸡as stupid as a goose 蠢得像猪5 傅雷：1951年在《高老头 重译本序》中提出“以效果而论，翻译应当像临画一样，所求的不在形似而在神似。
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专八翻译技巧
（六）汉语多词归一，英语避免重复
例：英年早逝 untimely death summer death
专八翻译技巧
（七）主动与被动
汉语被动句很少，而英语中被动句表现更客观，使用频率也高。
例：必须 be required to 观众可以 visitors are allowed to
专八翻译技巧
（八）正式用语
专八翻译中口语体的文章很少，译者要注意一些正式语体的使用。
例：开始了艰难的求学旅程。 embarked on my difficult journey of academic pursuit
上海翻译资格证书考试真题解析
（三）谓语最小化（动词转译） 1．动词变成名词
例：坚持预防为主、综合治理、全面推进、重点突破 adhering to the principle of prevention first, comprehensive control, entire push-on and key-point breakthrough
朋友之间，情趣相投、脾气对味则合、则交，反之，则离、则绝。 For the relationship between friends, similar habits and tempers help to make it closer; on the other hand, opposite ones leave distance from each other. 逻辑关系应该是情趣、脾气使朋友关系更合，译为主语，而非“朋友” 做主语。
LOGO
汉英笔译基础教程
Basics of Chinese to English Translation
附录
I
专八翻译技巧及真题
II
上海翻译资格证书考试真题解
析
III
CATTI汉译英方法
专八翻译技巧
（一）迅速正确地确定英译的主语
根据句中逻辑关系和行文需要，突出相关信息，综合考虑主语的确立。
例：……，的确不在题材大小。 subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor （by which)
专八翻译技巧
（五）名词词组与分句互译
5W1H的疑问词基本上都有可能转化为名词，如when（时间）、 where（地点）、what（事物）、Who（人选）、why（原因）。 例：改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。 by changing people’s opinions on what is “important” and what is not.
青浦地区江河纵横,海上贸易自古繁盛。 Facilitated by a network of waterways, overseas trade in Qingpu area has thrived since ancient times.
上海翻译资格证书考试真题解析
（二）长句切分，当断则断
高口历来的重点都是长难句，英译时应灵活切分。
每个地方都有自己的传说。 Each place boasts its folklore.
专八翻译技巧
（九）注意时态
翻译时须注意选择合适的时态。
例：中国古代素来以不怠于物不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。 Ancient Chinese always regard "not confined by material, not driven by material" as the major philosophy. 描述的是一般事实，用一般现在时即可。
例：今天，中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，既通过维护世界和平来 发展自己，又通过自身的发展来促进世界和平。 Today, China commits itself firmly to peaceful development. It seeks to accelerate its development by upholding world peace. The world peace is, in turn, enhanced by China's development. 适当切分可以使英译句子意义清晰，结构精简。
专八翻译技巧
（二）谓语最小化原则 1．使用介词短语
例：用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪 in what way the young generation should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes (is ……
2．使用不定式短语
例：看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知 (……has enabled us) to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances.
专八翻译技巧
3．使用形容词表动词含义
例：所以人们对于大自然，全都一直并深深地依赖着。 and therefore all men are strongly attached to her.
2．使用介词短语
例：河流蜿蜒曲折、波光粼粼 the winding rivers with sparkling ripples
上海翻译资格证书考试真题解析
3．使用分词短语
例：中国展示了一个负责任大国的襟怀，赢得世贸成员和国际舆论的 佳评。 China has shown its largeness of mind as a great and responsible country/nation, gaining acclamations from WTO members and international public opinion.Biblioteka 上海翻译资格证书考试真题解析
（一）分清主次，突出重点
汉语中的并列句，英译时可以把主要信息译为完整的句子，把次要信 心以独立结构的形式体现。
例：正本清源，对症下药 …… by tracing the proper origin and suiting the remedy to the situation.