高级英语上讲义Lesson11
自考高级英语上册11课课文翻译
Lesson Eleven On Getting off to Sleep谈睡眠人真是充满矛盾啊! 毫无疑问，幽默是惟一帮助我们摆脱矛盾的办法，要是没有它，我们就会死于烦恼。
What a bundle of contradictions is a man! Surety, humour is the saving grace of us, for without it we should die of vexation.在我看来，没有什么比睡眠更能说明事物间的矛盾。
With me, nothing illustrates the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep.比如，我打算写一篇文章，面前放好了笔、墨和几张白纸，准保没写几个字我就会困得要命，无论当时是几点都会那样。
If, for example, my intention is to write an essay, and 1 have before me ink and pens and several sheets of virgin paper, you may depend upon it that before I have gone very far I feel an overpowering desire for sleep, no matter what time of the day it is.我瞪着那似乎在谴责我的白纸，直到眼前一片模糊，声音也难以辨清，只有靠意志力才能勉强坚持。
I stare at the reproachfully blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused, and it is only by an effort of will that I can continue at all.即使这时，我也会迷迷糊糊地像在做梦一样继续坚持工作。
高级英语第一册讲义11
Lesson 11But What’s a Dictionary For?1. abuse: n. & v. abusive, adj.a. unkind, cruel or rude words,He burst into a storm of abuse.He constantly addressed her in terms of abuse.You are always abusing and offending people.b. wrong use, MISUSE, improper treatment, MALTREATBorrowing money is an abuse of friendship.abuse of power, drug abuse,to abuse one's power, authority, position, wealth, etc.2. popular press: newspapers, journals that are aimed at the needs or tastes of ordinary people and not the specialists in a particular subject3. phenomenon: pl, phenomena. a fact or event in nature or society4. scholarly: concerned with serious detailed study---opposite POPULAR. Scholarly matters, activities, etc involve or relate to scholars or their work.His name is known in scholarly circles throughout the world.5. staturea. Someone's stature is their height and general size.She was rather small in stature.b. The stature of a person or of their achievements is the importance and reputation that they have.a musician of international stature6. unbridled: not controlled or limited in any way, used to show disapproval; too violent and active unbridled tongue / anger7. fury: violent or very strong angerThere was fury in the Duchess' grey eyes.Hearing this, they jumped on (scold) him in a fury.He flew into a fury and said that the whole thing was disgusting.8. contempt: lack of respect.If you have contempt for someone or something, you do not like them and think that they are unimportant or of no value.They would look at us with unmistakable contempt.Her contempt for foreigners was obvious.hold sb. / sth in contempt9. calamity: an event that causes a great deal of damage, destruction, or personal sadness and distress; serious misfortune10. scandal:If sth is a scandal, a lot of people know about it and think that it is very shocking and immoral.The way that official wastes public money is a scandal.She brought scandal to her family by her outrageous behaviour.11. DISASTER, CATASTROPHE, CALAMITY, CATACL YSM mean an event or situation that is a terrible misfortune.Disaster is an unforeseen, ruinous, and often sudden misfortune that happens either through lack of foresight or through some hostile external agency; general word. 12. editorial: an article in a newspaper which gives the opinion of the editor or publisher on a topic or item of the news.13. deteriorate: cause to become worse, worsenHis sight began to deteriorate.She has suffered progressive deterioration of health.14. stern: very firm or hard towards others' behaviour.Someone who is stern is very serious and expects to be obeyed.a stern teacher / fatherHe walked to the boy and said to him very sternly, "Give that to me."15. betray:a. If you betray someone's trust, confidence, etc, or you betray your principles, you fail to act in the good and morally correct way that was expected of you.He betrayed his friends to the enemy.She betrayed her promise.Judas betrayed Jesus (to the authorities.b. If you betray a secret, a plan, etc, you tell people things that you have been asked to keep secret.16. bar: the railing in a courtroom that encloses the place about the judge，barrier in a lawcourt separating the judge, prisoner, lawyers, etc from the spectators，the prisoner at the bar 受审讯的犯人She will be judged at the bar of public opinion.17. deplorable: disgraceful, distressing, heartbreaking, lamentable, pitiable, wretched,18. flagrant / /: used to describe a bad or shocking action, situation, or attitude that is very obvious and not concealed in any way, conspicuous, notorious, shameless, outrageous notorious, open, scandalousa flagrant violation of human rights, a flagrant injustices / cheating19. non-word deluge:It's like a flood of unacceptable words.non: so bad as not to deserve the nameIt was really a bad book --- non-story with non-characters.non-words: words that are not yet acceptable, such as new slang or newly coined words.20. abominable: disgusting, heinous, villainousSomething abominable is very unpleasant, very bad, or very poor in quality, causing disgust and strong dislike used showing strong disapproval.They work six days a week in abominable conditions.Wages for primary school teachers in some area were abominable.21. dismay: feeling of fear and discouragement, disappointment, distressbe struck with dismay at the news22. They doubted that "Lincoln could have modelled ... a concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life.doubt (affirm. + that): to consider unlikelyI doubt that he will come.I doubt that he is honest.23. model...on: take as a model, or exampleShe modelled herself on her mother.24. If something throws light or shadow on a particular thing or area, it causes that thing or area to have light or a shadow on it.A spotlight threw a pool of violet light onto the stage.25. underlie: to be present as an explanation or real meaning ofWhen you say A underlies B, then A is the cause or basis of B.26. citation: the act of quotation, a short passage taken from something written or spoken by someone else27. fraud:sth that deceives people in a way that is illegal or immoral, a crime of gaining money or other benefits by trickery. It suggests the perversion of the truth for the sake of persuading sb. to surrender some valuable possession or a legal right, or an act or practice involving concealment of truth, violation of trust and confidence, or nonperformance of contracted act by which one gains an advantage over another to the injury of the latter.The judge found him guilty of fraud.The elder brother gained control of the property by fraud.28. hoax: a trick in which sb. tells the police, emergency services, or the public sth. that is not true,a bomb / dinosaur-egg somewherea forged work of art to be genuine29. discrepancy: difference. If there is a discrepancy between two things, they ought to be the same.You say you paid $5 and the bill says $3; how do you explain the discrepancy?30. interpose: to place, put in between; interrupt with a comment or question interpose a barrier between31. remedy: sth that is intended to cure you when you are ill or in pain, sth prescribed or used for the treatment of disease. It applies to a substance or treatment that is known or regarded as effective in bringing about recovery or restoration of health or the normal functioning of the body.32. compel: to make sb. do sth. by or as if by force.Compel differs from force in typically requiring a personal object. Compel commonly implies the exercise of authority, the exertion of great effort or driving force, or the impossibility for one reason or another of doing anything else.There is no possible method of compelling a child to feel sympathy or affection.But nobody emerged, and he was compelled to carry the bag himself.33. extraneous: not belonging to what is being dealt with, unrelated, alien, and foreign to avoid extraneous thingsto eliminate extraneous interference34. tout: to praise loudly or extravagantlyclout: to hit forcefully35. buggy: a light one-horse carriage made with two wheels in England and with four wheels in the US36. linguistics: the systematic study of language37. charter: written or printed statement of rights, permission to so sth., constitution the Charter of the United Nationsthe Atlantic Charterthe citizens’ rights laid down by charter38. philology:a. the study of literature and of disciplines relevant to literature or to language as used in literature.b. linguistics. esp, historical and comparative linguistics.39. inseminating: to sow seed in, to implantinseminate the minds of the young with revolutionary ideasinseminating scholar: a scholar who implants new ideas in the minds of others. semen: liquid containing sperm of male animals40. relegate: to assign to an appropriate place or situation on the basis of classification or appraisal; to dismiss to a lower position or condition. If you relegate sth. you cause it to have a less important position or status.He relegated his wife to the position of a mere housekeeper.be relegated to the garbage can of history.You can't relegate the pop song singer / movie star to the third rate.。
英语专业 高级英语第11课 beauty (课堂PPT)
Occupation Professor, novelist and essayist 5
Novels
Terrarium (1985) Bad Man Ballad (1986) The Engineer of Beasts (1986) The Invisible Company (1989)
18
• I can summon up hundreds of details from that radiant day, but on the day itself I was aware only of a surpassing joy.(P13)
• summon (up): to call forth; to make an effort (to recall the details of that day)
• Paraphrase: …, but because in wedding ceremony time seems to go slowly to everybody, even a fool could observe things clearly and see how wonderful they are.
12
Structure
• Part I ( Paras.1-13): the recollection of Eva’s wedding and the author’s feeling at that time
• Part II ( Paras.14-17): the recollection of the universe
• 2. What’s your opinion about beauty? Try to give a definition, please.
高级英语Lesson 11 第1-3段
Lesson 11 – 第1-3段组长苑力超，组员潘家琪，刘欢欢段落重点词汇和表述1.A single knoll rises out of the plain in Oklahoma, north and west of the Wichita Range. For my people, the Kiowas, it is an old landmark, and they gave it the name Rainy Mountain. Th e hardest weather in the world is there. Winter brings blizzards, hot tornadic winds arise in the spring, and in summer the prairie is an anvil's edge. The grass turns brittle and brown, and it cracks beneath your feet. There are green belts along the rivers and creeks, linear groves of hickory and pecan, willow and witch hazel. At a distance in July or August the steaming fol iage seems almost to writhe in fire. Great green-andyellow grasshoppers are everywhere in the tall grass, popping up like corn to stingthe flesh, and tortoises crawl about on the red earth, going nowhere in the plenty of time. Lo neliness is an aspect of the land. All things in the plain are isolate; there is no confusion of o bjects in the eye, but one hill or one tree or one man. To look upon that landscape in the e arly morning, with the sun at your back, is to lose the sense of proportion. Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think, is where Creation was begun.…词语用法knoll n. a small natural hill 小山There is a bower on the Knoll.小山上有一个凉亭。
高级英语第一册课件11
III. Background information Two major shorter editions exist: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English and the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Other advances in lexicography are reflected in the frequently revised collegiate or desk dictionaries, such as the Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary.
III. Background information Webster, Noah (Oct. 16, 1748 - May 28, 1843) American lexicographer and philologist, born in West Hartford, Conn. A Yale graduate.
III. Background information Dictionary: a published list, in alphabetical order, of the words of a language, explaining and defining them, or in the case of a bilingual dictionary, translating them into another language.
III. Background information In 1840, the second edition was a failure and he had to sell the copy right to Merriam Publishing Company which thereafter became the Merriam-Webster Incorporation. Webster's other contributions include efforts in the passage of a national copyright law, in the founding of the Amherst College etc.
高级英语1 lesson 11
Discussion
Para. 19-21 What's the Post's editorial's attitude to the definition of "door" offered by the Third International? Explain "takes the plain, downright, man-in-thestreet attitude". Para. 22-23 What's the biggest booby traps mentioned in the first sentence? Why was Dr. Johnson ridiculed?
China’s Army of graduates is struggling A Vermont Senator becomes a Twitter Senator
Discussion
Para 14 What is the full truth about American English today? How would you understand "certainty is impossible and simplification is misleading“? Para 15-18 What kind of facts should the dictionary record? What does the writer say about pronunciation?
“..it (life) is a tale Told by an idiot, full of Sound and fury Signifying nothing.” -Macbeth, Act V, Scene IV the novel Sound and Fury---William Faulkner
大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案
大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案1）谐趣园是仿照无锡的一座花园建造的。
The Garden of Harmonious Interest was modeled on a garden in Wuxi.2）他号召孩子们以 ___英雄为榜样。
He called on the children to model themselves on the PLA heroes.3）这本书应归入哲学类。
This work may be related to philosophy.4）本杰明·富兰克林不仅是政治家，而且还是科学家、发明家。
Benjamin Franklin was as much a scientist and an inventor as a statesman.5）他把每次试验的结果都记在本子上。
He set down all the findings of every experiment in his notebook.6）你能用简明的语言概括这首古诗的中心思想吗？Can you sum up the central idea of this ancient poem in plain terms?7）我们应不断地使自己的思想适应变化的情况。
We should constantly adapt our thinking to the changing conditions.8）年轻的士兵冻死在雪地里，手里还紧握着枪。
The young soldier was frozen to death in the snow, his hands still hanging on to a gun.9）该公司将为他们提供住宿和交通工具。
The said pany will furnishthem with lodging and transportation.10）车速限制在每小时55公里之内。
【ppt课件】高级英语课件第十一课
4. stature:originally a person’s bodily height. Figuratively,
mental or moral quality , development, growth, or level of
attainment, especially as worthy of esteem. Not to be confused
doesn't accelerate. 尽管人们努力想根除腐败，但腐败现象仍存在着，虽然 没有恶化。
Precipitate表示通常引起某事突然地或在时机未成熟时发 生的突然性或匆促性：
The mere mention of the issue precipitated an outburst of indignation during the meeting. 会议上刚一提到这件事就引发了一阵愤怒
dictionary.
flagrant:conspicuously bad, offensive, or reprehensible: 臭名远扬的，丑恶可耻的、讨人厌的
flagrant glaring gross egregious rank:These adjectives refer
to what is conspicuously bad or offensive flagrant crime 滔天罪行 a glaring error; 明显的错误；
deluge of words滔滔不绝的话
After me the D-! After us the D-! (死)后(之)事与我何干! 14. monstrous: ( colloquial )quite absurd,scandalous adj.巨大的, 怪异的, 恐怖的, 凶暴的 adj.<口>难以置信的, 荒谬的 15. abominable : disgusting 16. cause ( for dismay ): a reason, motive or ground for some action or feeling, etc, . Especially sufficient reason (cause for complaint ) When cause means something producing an effect or result, it is followed by the preposition of , e.g. causes of the traffic accidents. 17. They doubted that : “ Lincoln could have modelled his Gettysburg Address” on it: They didn’t believe that Lincoln could have written his famous Gettysburg Address with the language described in the Third International as model.
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Lesson Eleven On Getting Off to Sleep一、Words and Expressions1. avail n. 效用 usebe of little/no avail 没有多大（一点儿）帮助、用处Your advice is of no avail to us. 你的建议对我们一点儿帮助都没有。
to little/no avail, without avail 徒劳无功v. avail oneself of sth. 使用，利用 make use of, make advantage ofYou must avail yourself of every opportunity to speak English. 你要利用一切机会说英语。
adj. available2. bovine adj. i. 牛的ii. 迟钝的，笨拙的 dull, stupid3. callous adj. 冷酷无情的 cool, indifferent, cruel, unsympathetic4. corporal adj. of the human body体罚 corporal punishment5. crooked adj. 歪的，弯曲的 not straight, twisted, bent, curved不老实的，不正当的dishonest, illegalcrooked business 奸商6. crushing 强烈的，压倒一切的dominant, overwhelmingdashing：energetic7. depth/width/strength/length8. event—eventful（变故多的, 重要的, 多事的）—eventual（最后的）a eventful year/lifeeventual: final, ultimate9. perish: v. 破坏，灭亡destroy, dieThousands of people perished in the earthquake. 那次地震死者数以千计。
腐烂，老化rotadj. perishable 易腐烂的，易坏的Perishable food should be stored in the refrigerator. 易腐烂的食物应该储存在冰箱里。
imperishable 不朽的10. inconsistency n. 不一致adj. consistent一贯的，前后一致的adv. consistentlybe consistent with = in agreementWhat you say now is not consistent with what you said last week. 你现在说的话与你上星期说的不相符。
n. consistency 一贯性，一致性Your views lack consistency. 你的观点缺乏一致性。
11. effect—efficient—effectual—ineffectuality（无效，不灵验）12. human—humanity—inhuman（非人的，无情的）13. legion n. 大量，众多 a large numberadj. 极多，大批 very many, numerous14. malice n. 敌意，恶意 enmity, hostilitymalice towards sb.He harbored malice towards you. 他对你怀有敌意。
a look of malice 充满敌意的目光他是出于恶意这样做的。
He did it out of malice.adj. malicious 恶毒的adv. maliciously n. maliciousness15. meditate vi. 思考，考虑think deeply, considermeditate on/upon sth. 沉思，冥想meditate on one's pastmeditate doing sth. 考虑做什么n. meditationreligious meditation 宗教冥想adj. meditativemeditative mood 沉思的心情adv. meditatively16. monotonyn. 单调乏味 boredomrelieve the monotony of everyday life 缓解日常生活的单调状况adj. monotonoustedious, uninteresting, boring, dulladv. monotonously17. oblivionn. 忘却 forgettingAlcoholics often suffer from periods of oblivion. 饮酒过度的人常阵阵失去记忆力。
After his death, his works fell/sank into oblivion. 他死后，他的作品便被淡忘了。
adj. oblivious 未察觉，不注意，忘记 unawarebe oblivious of/to sth.oblivious of one's surroundings 不注意周围环境be oblivious of danger 未注意到危险18. pell-mell adv. 匆忙地，杂乱地，仓促地The children rushed pell-mell down the stairs. = in a hurry/haste孩子们乱哄哄地冲下楼去。
The books are scattered pell-mell over the floor. = in a disorder书本凌乱地散在地上。
19. remonstrate v. 抗议，抱怨 protest, complain aboutremonstrate with sb. against sth.I remonstrated with him about his rudeness. 他粗暴无礼，我给他提了意见。
remonstrate against cruelty to children 反对虐待儿童n. remonstrance20. reproach v.责备 reproach sb. for sth.She reproached him for forgetting their anniversary. 她责备他竟然忘记了他们的结婚周年纪念日。
I have nothing to reproach myself for. 我问心无愧。
n. beyond/above reproach 无可指责adj. reproachful adv. reproachfully21. stupendous adj. 极大的huge，gigantic，massiveadv. stupendously22. sycophant n. 谄媚者sycophancy n.adj. sycophantica sycophantic smileadv. sycophantically23. tangible adj. 有形的，可触知的，明确的tangible assets 有形资产tangible proof 确凿的证据n. tangibilityadv. tangibly24. torment n./v. physical or mental sufferingbe in a great torment 备受折磨To speak in front of large audience is a torment to her. 在大庭广众之下讲话对她来说是种折磨。
adj. tormenting25. verify v.证实，核对，检查n. verificationn. verity = truth 真实性，真理26. vex v. 生气，烦恼 annoyShe was vexed that I was late again.n. vexation adj. vexatious二、TextOn Getting Off to Sleep 论入睡What a bundle of contradictions is a man!a bundle of n.Ⅰ. 一束，一捆a bundle of flowers / newspaperⅡ. 大量 a bundle of sth. = a mass ofv. bundle sth. up 把——捆起来contradict 同...矛盾, 同...抵触本句翻译：人是一个多么矛盾的集合体啊！Surely, humour is the saving grace of us, for without it we should die of vexation.grace 优雅With me, nothing illustrates the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep. If, for example, my intention is to write an essay, and I have before me ink and pens and several sheets of virgin paper, you may depend upon it that before I have gone very far I feel an overpowering desire for sleep, no matter what time of the day it is.intention 意图virgin paper 未用过的纸，白纸 blank paperoverpowering: strong 强烈的I stare at the reproachfully blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused, and it is only by an effort of will that I can continue at all. Even then, I proceed half-heartedly, in a kind of dream. But let me be between the sheets at a late hour, and I can do anything but sleep. Between chime（钟声） and chime of the clock Ican write essays by the score（二十）. Fascinating subjects and noble ideas come pell-mell, each with its appropriate imagery and expression. Nothing stands between me andhalf-a-dozen imperishable masterpieces but pens, ink, and paper.proceed v. go on 继续进行Ⅰ. proceed to sth. 向...进发，进入（下一个议程项目），改读[获取]学位Let's proceed to the next item on the agenda. 让我们继续下一个议程吧。