(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结,推荐文档
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
（完整版）英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气，用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。
虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。
一、虚拟语气的用法：1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止：- 主语+动词原形+宾语（动词原形要用动词底形、如be）；- 主语+动词原形+that从句（用于表达建议、命令、禁止，动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词）。
例句：- It is important that he be present at the meeting.（建议）- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.（建议）- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.（命令）2.表达愿望、请求、要求：-主语+动词过去式；- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形；- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。
例句：- I wish I could fly.（愿望）- I would appreciate it if you could help me.（请求）3.表示虚拟条件：- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词；- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时，主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。
例句：- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.（虚拟条件）- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.（虚拟条件）4.表达建议、要求、祝愿：- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。
高中英语虚拟语气语法总结(推荐)
高中英语虚拟语气语法总结（名师剖析必考语法知识点，值得下载背诵）虚拟语气1）概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
2）在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if 是如果的意思。
[来源学科网]时态关系句型：条件从句主句一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.典型例题[来源:]The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.A.will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rained答案B。
真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。
注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
非真实条件句1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。
它的基本特点是时态退后。
a.同现在事实相反的假设。
句型：条件从句主句一般过去时should( would) +动词原形If they were here, they would help you.b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型：条件从句主句过去完成时should(would) have+ 过去分词If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.If he had come yesterd ay, I should / would have told him about it.含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.[来源学科网ZXXK]含义：He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.c.表示对将来的假想句型：条件从句主句一般过去时should+ 动词原形were+ 不定式would + 动词原形should+ 动词原形If you succeeded, everything would be all right.If you should succeed, everything would be all right.If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。
高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳
高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳以下是高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、猜测等非真实的情况。
一、基本用法1. 与现在事实相反条件从句：If + 主语 + 动词过去式（be 动词用 were）主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句：If I were you, I would study harder. （如果我是你，我会更努力学习。
）Wouldn't life be boring if we had everything we wanted? （如果我们想要什么就有什么，生活岂不是很无聊？）2. 与过去事实相反条件从句：If + 主语 + had + 过去分词主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词例句：If I had known your phone number, I would have called you. （如果我知道你的电话号码，我就给你打电话了。
）Couldn't you have done better if you had tried harder? （如果你再努力些，难道不能做得更好吗？）3. 与将来事实相反条件从句：① If + 主语 + 动词过去式② If + 主语 + were to + 动词原形③ If + 主语 + should + 动词原形主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句：If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home. （如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。
）If she were to come here tomorrow, I would be very happy. （如果她明天来这儿，我会非常高兴。
）If he should fail in the exam, how disappointed his parents would be!（要是他考试不及格，他父母该多失望啊！）二、固定搭配1. wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反：从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反：从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反：从句用 would/could + 动词原形例句：I wish I were as tall as you. （我希望我和你一样高。
(word完整版)高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结,推荐文档
①错综时间条件句：当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。
如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②i f省略句在条件句中可以省略if,把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。
如:If I were at school again, I would study harder. T Were I at school aga in, I would study harder.如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。
If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.T Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climb ing.T Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。
③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。
如：What would you do with a million dollars ? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元，你会做什么？We couldn 't have finished the work ahead of time without your help . （=if we hadn 'tgot your help）没有你的帮助，我们不可能提前完成这项工作。
虚拟语气的规则总结word版
虚拟语气虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
一、if从句：（一）（二）错综时间的虚拟句：通常情况下,在条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间一致, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间，其动词形式要根据时间而定。
1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。
2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。
3. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。
4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。
5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. （从句指现在，主句指将来）（三）省略：If 从句中含有were, should, had时，可省略if并把were, should, had提前。
例如：Were I you, I wouldn’t quarrel with him.备注：注：would, should, could与might的选择：①一般常用would，如同在真实条件句中主句常要用will一样。
常译作“将、就会”。
如：If I knew him, I would ask him for help. 如果我认识他的话，我就会向他求助。
最全虚拟语气用法总结-202X年学习资料
千里之行，始于足下。
最全虚拟语气用法总结-202X年学习资料
虚拟语气是表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非事实的情况的一种语气形式。
下面是对虚拟语气用法的总结：
1.表示假设：
- 表示与现在事实相反的假设：
- 与过去事实相反：If + 过去完成时，主句使用 would/could/might + have + 过去分词。
- 与现在事实相反：If + 过去时，主句使用 would/could/might + 动
词原形。
- 与将来事实相反：If + 过去时，主句使用 would/could/might + 动
词原形。
- 表示将来事实的虚拟：
- If + 一般现在时，主句使用 will/would/may/might/can/could + 动词原形。
2.表示愿望、建议和要求：
- 愿望：
- I wish + (that) + 从句（过去时）。
- If only + 从句（过去时）。
- 建议和要求：
- 动词原形 + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形。
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锲而不舍，金石可镂。
3.表示命令和建议：
- 命令：
- 动词原形 + that + 主语 + 动词原形。
- 建议：
- It is (high) time + 过去式 + (that) + 主语 + 过去式。
以上是对虚拟语气用法的简要总结。
在实际运用中，需要根据具体情况选择适当的虚拟语气形式来表达所需的意思。
英语虚拟语气的基本用法归纳(优秀9篇)
英语虚拟语气的基本用法归纳（优秀9篇）虚拟语气的时态篇一一、过去式：if 从句：had done英语语法：虚拟语气的时态主句：情态动词(would，could，might，should)+have done英语语法：虚拟语气的时态二、现在式：if 从句：did/were英语语法：虚拟语气的时态主句：情态动词(would，could，might，should)+do英语语法：虚拟语气的时态三、将来时：if 从句：①should/shall do②were to do③did/were英语语法：虚拟语气的时态6主句：情态动词(would，could，might，should)+do虚拟语气专项练习题解析篇二1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made.A. have readB. had readC. should have readD. are reading2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him.A. come; would meetB. had come; would have metC. come; will meetD. had come; would meet3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years.A. should beB. would beC. have beenD. had been4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately.A. speakB. spokeC. will speakD. to speak5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time.A. wasB. WereC. has beenD. had been6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____.A. have laid there for two hoursB. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hoursD. have lain there for two hours7.I wish that I _____ with you last night.A. wentB. could goC. have goneD. could have gone8.Let’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel?A. will youB. should youC. would youD. do you9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.A. knewB. knowsC. has knownD. had known10._____ the fog, we should have reached our school.A. Because ofB. In spite ofC. In case ofD. But for11.If you had told me in advance, I _____ him at the airport.A. would meetB. would had metC. would have metD. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_____ me how.A. teachesB. will teachC. has taughtD. would teach13.I would have told him the answer, had it been possible, but I _____ so busy then.A. had beenB. wereC. wasD. would be14.He’s working hard for fear that he _____.A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fallen behind15.If it _____ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.A. had rainedB. would have rainedC. have seenD. rained16.He suggested that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.A. shouldB. wouldC. doD. had17.My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _____ there.A. not wentB. won’t goC. not goD. not to go18.I would have gone to the meeting if I _____ time.A. had hadB. have hadC. hadD. would have had19.Would you rather I _____ buying a new bike?A. decided againstB. will decide againstC. have decidedD. shall decide against20.You look so tired tonight. It is time you _____.A. go to sleepB. went to sleepC. go to bedD. went to bed21、—Why didn’t you buy a new car?—I would have bought one if I _____ enough money.A. hadB. have hadC. would haveD. had had22.If she could sew, _____.A. she make a dressB. she would have made a shirtC. she will make a shirtD. she would had made a coat23._____ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves24.His doctor suggested that he _____ a short trip abroad.A. will takeB. would takeC. takeD. took25.The Bakers arrived last night. If they’d only let us know earlier,_____ at the station.A. we’d meet themB. we’ll meet themC. we’d have met themD. we’ve met them26.If I _____ you, I _____ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was; shall payB. am; will payC. would be; would payD. were; would pay27.We might have failed if you _____ us a helping hand.A. have not givenB. would not giveC. had not givenD. did not give28.The law requires that everyone _____ his car checked at least once a year.A. hasB. hadC. haveD. will have29.It is strange that he _____ so.A. would sayB. would speakC. should sayD. will speak30.Had I known her name, _____A. or does she know mine?B. and where does she live?C. she would be beautiful.D. I would have invited her to lunch.31.He has just arrived, but he talks as if he _____ all about that.A. knowB. knowsC. knownD. knew32.If I _____ the money, I would have bought a much bigger car.A. possessedB. ownedC. hadD. had had33.He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he _____ to the meeting.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. will come34.The librarian insists that John _____ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed.A. will takeB. tookC. takeD. takes35.I left very early last night, but I wish I _____ so early.A. didn’t leaveB. hadn’t leftC. haven’t leftD. couldn’t leave36.I do not have a job. I would find one but I _____ no time.A. hadB. didn’t haveC. had hadD. have37.I wish that you _____ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.A. hadn’tB. didn’t have hadC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t have38.He insisted that we all _____ in his office at one o’clock.A. beB. to beC. would beD. shall be39.Helen couldn’t go to France after all. That’s too bad. I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if _____.A. she’s goneB. she’ll goC. she’d goneD. she’d go答案：1—5 BBDAD 6—10 DDCAD11—15 CDCAA 16—20 ACAAD21—25 DBCCC 26—30 DCCCD31—35 DDCCB 36—39 DCAC解析：1.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
虚拟语气用法总结(完整)
虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例：1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来，我就会准备些食物的。
（事实：我不知道）2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些，我就能通过考试了。
（事实：我没有用功研究）3、表示与将来事实相反的情况：if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例：1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你，我不会那样做。
（将来：我不可能成为你）2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了，带上这把伞。
（将来：不一定会下雨）1.If I had arrived earlier。
I would have been able to meet her。
(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。
he would not have made such a mistake。
(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。
I would talk to him。
(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。
orders。
requests。
etc。
the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。
with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。
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虚拟语气:表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。
if were/did, would doif had done, would have doneif were to do/should do, would do举例：If I were you, I would do nothing about it.If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake.If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping.附注：虚拟语气，条件状从倒装状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should如：If I were you, I would give up.→Were I you, I would give upIf you had taken the advice, you would have….→Had you taken the advice, you would have…If the world should come to an end,……→Should the world come to an end……另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传)Without your help, I would have failed.We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat. （表示可能性小）但其实，高中英语考试也常考：错综虚拟语气条件句即：假设条件状从发生的时间与所假设的谓语动词不一致，此时，主句和从句要根据各自的时间而定。
举例：If our government had known better how to lay out the road construction, the traffic jam problem would not be so serious today.(lay out 规划、设计、安排、陈设、摆放… layout n.布局、规划)二、特殊句式：I wish I hadn’t made such an irrevocable mistake. (irrevocable不可撤销、不可以挽回的)2.「十个词」一坚持：insist （表示坚持主张、认为，不表示坚持说）二命令：order, command三建议：advise, propose, suggest （表示建议，不表示表明、显示、暗示）四要求：desire, demand, require, request (两R两D)这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用(should +) do的形式should可省略例：We suggested that Tom （should）have a rest.It’s suggested that the plan be carried out before long.(before long, 不久之后, long before很久以前)尝试翻译：他坚决要求我到场同时，这些动词的名词形式构成的名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、同位语）也要用虚拟语气order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire.例It’s an order that the soldiers obey the rules in the army.My suggestion is that everyone of us three finish one part of this project and then we integrate them together. (integrate整合)3.would rather 宁愿I would rather you had been to the movie instead of me.Don’t come today, I would rather you came tomorrow.4.部分As if/though 句子好像、似乎Tom told me this fairy tale in a manner as if it had happened for real yesterday. 5.If only……. 要是…就好了If only she knew that it's I who sent the gift to her.6.It’s ( about/ high) time that 是时候做……+ 1、过去式2、should doIt's time that you went to bed.说到这里，补充两个句式：It is the 1st (2nd /3rd ) time that … have/ has done….It was the 1st time that … had done….7.It’s necessary/ strange/ natural/ important/essential that…….从句动词用(should) doIt’s essential that we master a foreign language when doing international trade and business. (essential 必要的、本质的、基本的…..)8.情态动词+have donewould have done 本来要做could have done 本能够做（却没做）might have done 本来可能should/ought to have done 本来应该做shouldn’t/ oughtn’t to have done 本来不应该做needn’t have done 本来不必要做你本来不应该告诉她真相。
当时我没有足够的钱，否则我会买那本书的。
练习：1.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_______.A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken2. He talked as if he ______ for years.A. is living thereB. was living thereC. has lived thereD. had lived there.3. ______ you listened to the doctor, you ______all right now.A. Had, would beB. Had, would have beenC. If, would beD. If, would have been4. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _______ much easier.A. will beB. would beC. could have beenD. would have been5.______ today, he would get there by Friday. (双选)A. Had he leftB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaveE. Would he leave6. He treated me as though ____ his own son.A. I amB. I would beC. I wasD. I were7. _________I be free tomorrow, I could go with youA. CouldB. ShouldC. MightD. Must8. Should it rain, the crops__________A. would be savedB. would have been savedC. will be savedD. had been saved9. Have you ever been to Tokyo?----No. but I wish I ______.A.haveB. willC. doD. had10 .I wish I _______ there then.A.wasB. wereC. had beenD. would be11. She was so upset that she burst into tears.I would rather you _______her all about it,A didn’t tell B. hadn’t toldB.don’t tell D. won’t tell12. The young man insisted that he __________ nothing wrong and ______freeA. did; setB. had done; should be setC. should do; be setD. had done; must be set13. He made the demand that the journalists _____ at once ______IraqA. leave; forB. leave; toC. left; toD. to be left; for14. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _____ the rules.A. obeysB. obey15. It’s time that we _____ to bed.A. must goB. will goC. wentD. have gone16. If only I _________ my watch.A. hadn’t lostB. haven’t lostC. didn’tD. don’t17. If only I _______ as young as you are.A. beingB. amC. beD. wereE. was18. A few minutes earlier and we ______ the train. (双选)A. have caughtB. had caughtC. were to catchD. could have caughtE. would have caught19.Do you know where he comes from?No, but his accent suggests that he _____from the south.A.wasB. beC. isD. were20. I was quite busy yesterday, otherwise I _______ to the meeting.A. cameB. would comeC. had comeD. would have come。