国际商务 英文版 chapter1 练习

Chapter 1 GlobalizationTrue / False Questions1. The shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world economy is referred to asglobalization.True False2. A company does not need a large size to facilitate, and benefit from, the globalization ofmarkets.True False3. Companies hope to lower their overall cost structure or improve the quality orfunctionality of their product offering through globalization of production.True False4. The most global markets currently are markets for consumer products.True False5. Outsourcing is a process that is limited to manufacturing enterprises.True False6. The health care sector in the U.S. cannot avail the benefits of outsourcing to low-costproducers in other nations because of the nature of the work.True False7. The World Bank has focused on policing the world trading system and making surenation-states adhere to the rules laid down in trade treaties.True False8. The World Bank is known as the lender of the last resort.True False9. One of the UN's central mandates is the promotion of higher standards of living, fullemployment, and conditions of economic and social progress and development.True False10. In 2008 and 2009, the GATT became the forum though which major nations attempted tolaunch a coordinated policy response to the global financial crisis, which started inAmerica.True False11. The Uruguay Round, finalized in December 1993, reduced protection for patents,trademarks, and copyrights.True False12. "Beggar thy neighbor" retaliatory trade policies involved countries progressively loweringtrade barriers against each other, which contributed to the Great Depression of the 1930s.True False13. Rivers Inc., a U.S. based sports apparel manufacturer, sets up a production unit in Chinato take advantage of the lower labor costs there. This is an example of foreign directinvestment.True False14. World Bank gives an aid of 100 million dollars to Kenya for creating rural health carefacilities. This is an example of foreign direct investment.True False15. The lowering of barriers to international trade enables firms to view the world, rather thana single country, as their market.True False16. According to WTO data, the volume of world merchandise trade has grown faster than theworld economy since 1950.True False17. The expansion of world trade implies that nations are becoming less dependent on eachother for important goods and services.True False18. Over the past 30 years the flow of FDI has accelerated faster than the growth in worldtrade and world output.True False19. The globalization of markets and production and the resulting growth of world trade,foreign direct investment, and imports all imply that firms are finding their home markets protected from foreign competitors.True False20. The cost of microprocessors continues to fall, while their power increases. This statementsupports the predictions made by Moore's Law.True False21. According to critics of globalization, today's interdependent global economy limits a nation'snational sovereignty.True False22. Critics of globalization suggest that over the last century, the gap between the rich andpoor nations of the world has shrunken.True False23. Supporters of debt relief argue that new democratic governments in poor nations shouldnot be forced to honor debts incurred by corrupt and dictatorial predecessors.True False24. A firm does not have to become a multinational enterprise to engage in internationalbusiness.True False25. Differences between countries require that an international business vary its practicescountry by country.True FalseMultiple Choice Questions26. The World Trade Organization promotes _____.A. l owering of barriers to cross-border trade and investmentB. i nfrastructural development in poor nations through low-interest loansC. s tate ownership of major enterprisesD. r egulation of national economies27. Which of the following is true about the International Monetary Fund?A. I t is primarily responsible for policing the world trading system.B. I t is seen as the lender of last resort to nation-states whose economies are in turmoil.C. I t is responsible for establishing multinational treaties to govern the global businesssystem.D. I t was established to formulate a coordinated policy response to financial crises indeveloping nations.28. The _____ was established on October 24, 1945, by 51 countries committed to preservingpeace through international cooperation and collective security.A. W orld Trade OrganizationB. U nited NationsC. G20txD. W orld Bank29. The G20tx was originally established to _____.A. p reserve peace through international cooperation and collective securityB. m aintain order in the international monetary systemC. f ormulate a coordinated policy response to financial crises in developing nationsD. m anage, regulate, and police the global marketplace30. _____ occurs when a firm exports goods or services to consumers in another country.A. I nternational tradeB. F oreign direct investmentC. I nward investmentD. O utsourcing31. In late 2001, the WTO launched a new round of talks in Doha aimed at:A. h elping member states to cope with financial crisis.B. f urther liberalization of the global trade and investment framework.C. p rotecting national economies from global competition.D. p romoting higher standards of living in all member states.32. Which of the following is NOT included in world merchandise trade?A. M anufactured goodsB. A gricultural goodsC. S ervicesD. M ining products33. _____ have/has the most to gain from reductions in agricultural tariffs and subsidies thatare a part of the Doha agenda.A. T he world's developed nationsB. T he world's poorer nationsC. E uropean nationsD. T he United States34. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the reduction in trade barriers andrestrictions on FDI since 1950?A. F irms are dispersing parts of their production process to global locations to drive downproduction costs and increase product quality.B. T he economies of the world's nation states are becoming more intertwined.C. N ations are becoming more independent of each other for important goods andservices.D. T he world has become significantly wealthier since 1950.35. The financial crisis in the U.S. in 2009 was triggered by _____.A. t he global hike in the price of crude oilB. t he slowdown in U.S. importsC. t he problems in the U.S. subprime mortgage lending marketD. t he artificial fixing of currency rate by China36. _____ predicts that the power of microprocessor technology doubles and its cost ofproduction falls in half every 18 months.A. K eynes's LawB. S ay's LawC. M oore's LawD. S ullivan Principles37. Containerization allows:A. r eduction of the time needed to get from one location to another.B. s implification of transshipment from one mode of transport to another.C. b uyers and sellers to find each other easily.D. e nterprises to coordinate and control a globally dispersed production system.38. The relative decline of the United States in the share of world output and world exportsreflects _____.A. a n increase in the barriers to foreign trade in the U.S.B. t he deepening of the global financial crisisC. t he reduced industrialization in developing nationsD. t he growth in the economic development of the world economy39. In the 1970s, many Japanese firms invested in North America and Europe:A. t o avoid a highly competitive domestic market.B. t o exploit high domestic tariff barriers.C. a s a hedge against unfavorable currency movements.D. t o take advantage of low labor costs.40. What is the total cumulative value of foreign investments best referred to as?A. A ccumulation of foreign sharesB. P ortfolio investmentsC. S tock of foreign direct investmentsD. S tock market investments36. Throughout the 1990s, the amount of foreign direct investment directed at both developedand developing nations increased dramatically. This trend reflects:A. a slowdown in global economic activity.B. t he increasing share of the U.S. in the total FDI stock.C. t he decline in cross-border flows of foreign direct investment.D. t he increasing internationalization of business corporations.37. Which of the following countries has been the largest recipient of foreign directinvestment and received about $60 billion to $100 billion a year in inflows in 2004-2009?A. B razilB. R ussiaC. I ndiaD. C hina68. A multinational enterprise (MNE) is a firm that _____.A. e xports its products to multiple countriesB. h as production units in more than two countriesC. d oes most of its business on the InternetD. l ists its securities on a public exchange39. Which of these statements pertaining to cross-border FDI flows is true?A. T here was a growth of FDI between 2004 and 2007.B. A slump in FDI from 1998 to 2000 was followed by a surge from 2001 to 2003.C. A mong developing nations, the largest recipient of FDI has been Russia.D. T he dramatic increase in FDI reflects the decreasing internationalization of businesscorporations.40. Since the 1960s, which of the following has been a notable trend in the demographics ofthe multinational enterprise?A. T he decline of multinational companies in the manufacturing sectorB. T he growth of government-owned multinational enterprisesC. T he decline of non-U.S. multinationalsD. T he growth of mini-multinationals46. NAFTA was passed only after:A. C hina agreed to establish a higher minimum wage.B. t he U.S. agreed to limit the number of jobs that could be outsourced.C. M exico committed to tougher enforcement of environmental protection regulations.D. C anada committed to establish new limits on FDI.47. Globalization is criticized because it increases the power of _____.A. g overnments to own enterprisesB. u nskilled labor to form labor unionsC. s upranational organizations over nation-statesD. n ation-states to regulate markets and reduce competition48. The World Trade Organization has estimated that the developed nations of the world canraise global economic welfare by $128 billion by:A. r emoving subsidies given to their agricultural producers.B. i ncreasing tariff barriers to trade in agriculture.C. i ncreasing outsourcing of manufacturing processes.D. R educing defence expenditure.49. An international business, unlike a multinational enterprise, _____.A. n eeds to have manufacturing units in at least two foreign nationsB. n eeds to manufacture products or provide services that target a global marketC. n eed not customize its products to the requirements of national marketsD. n eed not invest directly in operations in other countries50. Which of the following statements is true about an international business?A. A n international business needs to invest directly in operations in other countries.B. A n international business needs to have homogenous practices across countries.C. A n international business can be managed in the same way that a domestic business ismanaged.D. A n international business must find ways to work within the limits imposed bygovernment intervention.。