英语的主语
英语的主语(一)
一、主语表示法1、名词作主语Davidarrivedlastnight.大卫昨晚到达。
Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄必败。
2、代词作主语Totranslatethisidealintorealityneedshardwork.把理想转变成现实需要辛勤的劳动。
6、名词化的形容词作主语Theblindandthelamearewellcaredforinourcountry.在我们国家，盲人和肢残人受到很好的照顾。
Theunemployedusuallyleadahardlife.失业的人生活一般很困难。
7、短语（词组）作主语Howtodowellisanimportantquestion.Between8and9willsuitme.二、用it作主语的句子（一）it作人称代词1、代表刚提到的东西以避免重复Whereismybook?------Itisonthedesk.2、代表抽象的事物Itisverykindofyoutohelpme.3、指某种动物Isthisyourdog?----No,itisn’t.4、指未知性别的婴儿Whatabeautifulbaby?-----Isitaboy?Itisverycrowdedhereintheweekend.（三）it表示强调强调句型：Itis/was……who/that……ItwasintheparkthatImetyourfather.ItisyouwhoIwanttolookfor.（四）it作先行主语(几种句型)1、be+形容词+不定式Itisverydifficulttofinishthejobintime.2、be+名词+不定式Itismydutytolookafterhischildren.3、be+介词短语+不定式（五）it用于主语从句（常见的几种句型）1．It?is?a?pity?(a?shame,?a?fact,?an?ho nour,?a?wonder,?a?good?thing,?good?news ,?no?wonder?etc.)?that?…Itisapitythathecan’tcome.2．It?is?strange?(natural,?surprising,? obvious,?true,?fortunate,?good,?wonderf ul,?funny,?ridiculous,?possible,?imposs ible,?likely,?unlikely,?quite?clear,?unusual,?etc.)?that?…Itisstrangethatheshouldknowtheanswer. 3．4．5．,?being?considered,?a?question,?a?myste ry,?debatable,?uncertain,?open?to?quest ion,?etc.)?＋连接代词或连接副词引导的从句.Itisdoubtfulwhetherhewillcomenextweek.Itwasaquestionwhetherheshouldgetmarried.Itisnotdecidedwhowilltakepartinthegame.6.It?does’t?matter?(?doesn’t?make?tooWhoisthat?------It’sme. Whatisthatnoise?------It’sonlythedog.2、泛指某件事Itismyturn.Itdoes n’t matter.三、主语从句1.由that引导：Thatpricewillgoupiscertain. Thatsheisstiilalivemakesusveryhappy.2.由what引导：What?you?need?is?more?practice.你需要的’3、由连接代（副）词引导：Why?she?should?have?said?such?a?thing?puzzled?him.Whom?we?should?send?as?our?representati ve?remains?to?be?discussed.When?and?where?this?took?place?is?still?unknown.Whether?we?should?call?this?kind?of?sen tence?elliptical?is?open?to?question. How?she?should?word?the?letter?troubled?her?greatly.ig?blunder.谁要是看不到这一点就要犯极大错误。
英语中的主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和表语
英语中的主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和表语语法是理解英语逻辑的核心。
语法不好的同学，处理简单句尚可；遇到复杂句型时，就晕头转向了。
所以，要彻底读懂英语，必须在语法上下苦功夫。
今天，我们彻底解析一下这些句子成分。
（下图为：一个复合句中，所有的句子成分。
）1第一：英语中的“主语”1. 主语的含义：主语即“动作的发出者”（主谓宾结构中）或者“表述的对象”（主系表结构中），一般放在句首，有时也放在中间或者句尾。
充当主语的可以是名词、代词；也可以是短语、不定式；甚至可以是整个句子。
所以，在找主语的时候，脑子里一定要有这些认知。
2. 充当主语的有哪些？（1）名词/代词/数词做主语（2）不定式/名词化短语做主语（3）从句做主语（即主语从句）从句做主语的句子，就是我们学过的“主语从句”。
主语从句可以由连词that/whether引导；也可以由关系代词what/who/which引导；还可以由连接副词how/when/why/where引导。
详情如下：（4）有时为了避免头重脚轻，经常会借助“it”充当形式主语，而真正的主语则放在句尾：（5）“There be …”句型“there be…”比较特殊。
在这种句型中，主语的位置在中间。
比如：There are six beautiful French ladies walking on the street. 大街上有六位漂亮的法国女郎在散步。
2第二：英语中的“谓语”1. 含义：谓语是句子的灵魂，主要用来“陈述主语的状态”或者“表明主语发出的动作”。
2. 分类：简单谓语复合谓语（1）简单谓语：由一个动词或者一个动词短语构成谓语；I love my girlfriend.我爱我的女朋友。
My boss stayed up late last night.我的老板昨晚熬夜了。
（2）复合谓语：① 情态动词/助动词+动词构成② 系动词+表语构成③ 情态动词+系动词：3第三：英语中的“宾语”含义：宾语与主语相对，表示动作的承受者。
英语的主语
,. 一、主语表示法1、名词作主语David arrived last night. 大卫昨晚到达。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄必败。
2、代词作主语Who is speaking, please? （在电话中）请问您是谁？That's OK. 这没问题。
3、数词作主语Two will be enough. 两个就够了。
Two-thirds of the workers are women. 三分之二的工人是女工。
4、ing形式（动名词）作主语Skating is good exercise. 溜冰是很好的运动。
Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time.从字典里查所有的生词花费了他许多时间。
5、不定式作主语To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work.把理想转变成现实需要辛勤的劳动。
6、名词化的形容词作主语The blind and the lame are well cared,. for in our country.在我们国家，盲人和肢残人受到很好的照顾。
The unemployed usually lead a hard life.失业的人生活一般很困难。
7、短语（词组）作主语How to do well is an important question.如何把这件事做好是一个重要问题。
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy.早睡早起身体好。
8、从句作主语What has happened proves that our policy is right.发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。
Whether we'll go depends on the weather.我们是否去要看天气。
初中英语主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和表语
初中英语主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和表语语法是理解英语逻辑的核心。
语法不好的同学，处理简单句尚可；遇到复杂句型时，就晕头转向了。
所以，要彻底读懂英语，必须在语法上下苦功夫。
今天，我们彻底解析一下这些句子成分。
（下图为：一个复合句中，所有的句子成分。
）1第一：英语中的“主语”1. 主语的含义：主语即“动作的发出者”（主谓宾结构中）或者“表述的对象”（主系表结构中），一般放在句首，有时也放在中间或者句尾。
充当主语的可以是名词、代词；也可以是短语、不定式；甚至可以是整个句子。
所以，在找主语的时候，脑子里一定要有这些认知。
2. 充当主语的有哪些？（1）名词/代词/数词做主语（2）不定式/名词化短语做主语（3）从句做主语（即主语从句）从句做主语的句子，就是我们学过的“主语从句”。
主语从句可以由连词that/whether引导；也可以由关系代词what/who/which引导；还可以由连接副词how/when/why/where引导。
详情如下：（4）有时为了避免头重脚轻，经常会借助“it”充当形式主语，而真正的主语则放在句尾：（5）“There be …”句型“there be…”比较特殊。
在这种句型中，主语的位置在中间。
比如：There are six beautiful French ladies walking on the street.大街上有六位漂亮的法国女郎在散步。
2第二：英语中的“谓语”1. 含义：谓语是句子的灵魂，主要用来“陈述主语的状态”或者“表明主语发出的动作”。
2. 分类：简单谓语复合谓语（1）简单谓语：由一个动词或者一个动词短语构成谓语；I lovemy girlfriend.我爱我的女朋友。
My boss stayed up late last night. 我的老板昨晚熬夜了。
（2）复合谓语：①情态动词/助动词+动词构成②系动词+表语构成③情态动词+系动词：3第三：英语中的“宾语”含义：宾语与主语相对，表示动作的承受者。
英语句子成分主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语同位语讲解
英语主谓宾表定状补成分精简讲解一．主语：主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme)，是句子所述说的主体。
它的位置一般在一句之首。
可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。
1．名词作主语。
A tree has fallen across the road. (倒下横在)Little streams feed big rivers. ( 小河流入大江。
)2．代词用作主语。
You’re not far wrong. (你差不多对了)。
He told a joke but it fell flat. (他说了个笑话，但没有引人发笑)3．数词用作主语。
Three is enough. 三个就够了。
Four from seven leaves three. 7减4余3。
4．名词化的形容词用作主语。
The idle are forced to work. 懒汉被迫劳动。
Old and young marched side by side. 老少并肩而行。
5．副词用作主语。
Now is the time. 现在是时候了。
Carefully does it. 小心就行。
6．名词化的介词作主语。
The ups and downs of life must be taken as they come.7．不定式用作主语。
To find your way can be a problem.你能否找到路可能是一个问题。
It would be nice to see him again.8．动名词用作主语。
Smoking is bad for you. Watching a film is pleasure,but making one is hard work.9．名词化的过去分词用作主语。
The disabled are to receive more money. The deceased died of old age.10.介词短语用作主语。
英语句子成分主语谓语宾语表格模板语定语状语补语同位语讲解
英语主谓宾表定状补成分精简讲解1．名词作主语。
A tree has fallen across the精心整理road. (倒下横在)小河Little streams feed big rivers. ((3．数词用作主语。
精心整理三个就够了。
Three is enough.减4余Four from seven leaves three. 74the time. 现在是时候Now is精心整理了。
Carefully does it. 小心就行。
as8．动名词用作主语。
is Smoking is bad for you. Watching a film精心整理pleasure,but making one is hard work. 9．名词化的过去分词用作主Whenever you are ready will be fine.Because Sally wants to leave doesn’t mean that精心整理we have to.12.句子用作主语。
”精心整理词）构成。
1．由简单的动词构成。
2(1). I am reading. 我在看书。
(2). What’s been keeping you all this精心整理time? 这半天你在干什么来着？3(1). I had a swim yesterday. 我精心整理昨天游了一次水(2). Take a look at that! 你看看征、状态、身份等。
它也可以精心整理说是一种主语补语。
它位于联系动词之后，与之构成所谓的1．The wedding was that Sunday. 婚精心整理（名礼是在那个星期天举行的。
词）Are you there?（电话用语）（副词）精心整理Is anybody in? 里面有人吗？（副词）Is that asking so much? 这是要的高精心整理了吗？（动名词）8．I was so much surprised at it. 我介The show is from seven till ten.时间为7点至10点。
英语句子主语
英语句子主语
英语句子主语：
主语是句子的主体，是一个句子中需要加以说明或者描述的对象。
主语一般是由名词、代词、数词、非谓语动词或名词性从句充当。
例如：
1.The plane has just taken off at the airport.
飞机刚从机场起飞。
（名词词组作主语）
2.They are students from the United States.
他们是来自美国的学生。
（代词作主语）
3.Twelve divided by three is four.
十二除以三等于四。
（数词作主语）
4.To have the English news recorded takes up much of my spare time.
录英语新闻占了我很多业余时间。
（不定式词组作主语）
5.What they said seems reasonable.
他们说的似乎有道理。
（从句作主语）。
英语句子成分主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语同位语讲解
英语主谓宾表定状补成分精简讲解一．主语：主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme)，是句子所述说的主体。
它的位置一般在一句之首。
可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。
1．名词作主语。
A tree has fallen across the road. (倒下横在)Little streams feed big rivers. ( 小河流入大江。
)2．代词用作主语。
You’re not far wrong. (你差不多对了)。
He told a joke but it fell flat. (他说了个笑话，但没有引人发笑)3．数词用作主语。
Three is enough. 三个就够了。
Four from seven leaves three. 7减4余3。
4．名词化的形容词用作主语。
The idle are forced to work. 懒汉被迫劳动。
Old and young marched side by side. 老少并肩而行。
5．副词用作主语。
Now is the time. 现在是时候了。
Carefully does it. 小心就行。
6．名词化的介词作主语。
The ups and downs of life must be taken as they come.7．不定式用作主语。
To find your way can be a problem.你能否找到路可能是一个问题。
It would be nice to see him again.8．动名词用作主语。
Smoking is bad for you. Watching a film is pleasure,but making one is hard work.9．名词化的过去分词用作主语。
The disabled are to receive more money. The deceased died of old age.10.介词短语用作主语。
英语中的主谓宾
英语中的主谓宾表补状第一人称第二人称第三人称单数主格I you she/he/it/单数宾格me you her/him/it复数主格we you they复数宾格us you them其中，主格是做主语用的，宾格是做宾语使用的。
一、主语：I we you he she it they二、谓语:am are is1、am(用于第一人稱I)例句： I am a student.我是一名學生 2、are(用於第一人稱we用于第二人稱you和第三人稱復數they) 例句：We are Chinese.我們是中國人You are myfriend.你是我的朋友They are kind.他們是善良的。
3、is（用于第三人稱單數he she it) 另一種作謂語動詞例句:He is teacher.他是老師。
She is quiet.她很安靜。
It is blackboard =It’s blackboard那是黑板。
宾语:me us you him her it them例句 ：I believe him. 我相信他。
四、表语:放在be動詞（am are is)后面例句：Iam fine.Thank you！我很好，謝謝！其中I為主語，am為謂語，fine(形容詞）作表語。
五、状语:when(表時間） where（表地點） why（表原因） 例句：1， How are you? 你好吗？ how為疑問代詞，are為謂語，you為宾语。
2，where is my book?我的書在哪裡？3，I saw a plane flying over my head when I was sitting under the tree.當我坐在樹下的時候我看見一架飛機從我頭頂飛過。
I I為主語，saw為謂語動詞（see的過去式），a plane為宾语，flying over my head為宾語補足語， when I was sitting under the tree為状语语中基本句子结构一共五种： 1.主语+谓语(简称主谓结构)例句：I(主语) escape(谓语).我逃脱了。
英语主语的划分依据
英语主语的划分依据可以基于以下几个方面：
句子语法结构：按照句子的语法结构，主语通常是句子中动作的执行者或者是被描述的事物。
在简单句中，主语通常位于谓语动词前面，并与谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。
动作的执行者：主语通常是进行动作或者承受动作的执行者。
例如，在句子"The cat is chasing the mouse"（猫在追逐老鼠）中，"the cat"是执行动作的主体。
名词短语：主语可以是一个名词短语，包括一个或多个名词及其修饰词。
例如，在句子"My sister and I are going to the park"（我和我姐姐要去公园）中，"My sister and I"是复合主语。
代词：主语可以是代词，代词用来代替具体的名词。
例如，在句子"He is reading a book"（他在看书）中，"He"是代词作为主语。
需要注意的是，主语的划分依据可能会受到句子的结构和语境的影响。
在复杂句中，主语的位置和结构可能会更加复杂，需要根据句子的具体语法规则来划分主语。
另外，某些句子中可能存在省略的主语，但仍然可以通过上下文来确定主语的身份。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
In transformed structures 2. It is +n +that 从句 What a pity it is that you didn't come to this party. 当名词为a pity/a shame /a surprise +should +v原形 （表示竟然） What a pity that she should be fail in exam. It is of no/little importance whether/if it will rain today.
2. Pron as subject Who is speaking, please? That's OK.
In transformed structure It was at ten that I got home.强调句 It is +adj. +of sb.(人的属性）/for sb.（物的属性）to do It is necessary to finish the design before National day. it is +n.+for/of sb. to do It is not good manners for Arabs to stand close talking to their friends. 在感叹句中：What a joy/ pleasure (it is) to read the book. 在问句中：Is it possible to go to the moon by spaceship?
That they will go is certain. Whether she will come or not is still a question. Whether she's coming or not doesn't matter too much. Who made the long distance call is not important. Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. Why he didn't come here is not clear to anyone. How a telephone works is a question which not everyone c an answer. Where she has gone is not known yet. When they will start has not been decided yet.
3. Num. as subject Two will be enough. Two-thirds of the workers are women. Ten out of 100 Americans are over /above /more than 65.
4. –ing as subject Skating is good exercise. Lookinhe dictionary took him a lot of time.
6. Nominalized phrase the+adj the +p.p prep.p, 疑+to do
The blind and the lame are well cared for in our country. The unemployed usually lead a hard life. From my home to school is three kilometers. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy. When to leave is not decided. How to do well is an important question.
8. Clause as subject 主语从句 What has happened proves that our policy is right.
Whether we'll go depends on the weather.
主语从句的引导词：
that （不省略） whether（不用if）
It is not good manners for Arabs to stand close talking to their friends. 在感叹句中：What a joy/ pleasure (it is) to read the book. 在问句中：Is it possible to go to the moon by spaceship?
In transformed structures 1. It +be+adj+that 从句 It is strange that he didn't come here yesterday. 当形容词为important necessary strange /that should + 动词原形 It is strange that he should （表示吃惊）pass the exam.
In aspect and voice 主动: doing一般/having done完成 被动：being done一般/having been done完成 否定：not doing一般/not having done完成
一般式：无时间限定/与谓语同时出现/在谓语动词后发生
完成式：发生在谓语之前 In transformed structures it 作形式主语：It is no use/good----There’s no doing ---It ’s no use crying for the spilled milk. There’s no getting along with her.
Subject
Subject 主语: 句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. (N.) He likes dancing. (Pron.) Twenty years is a short time in history. (Num.) Seeing is believing. (Gerund) To see is to believe. (Infinitive) What he needs is a book. (subject clause) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It-grammatical subject)
passive
(not) to be done
(not) to have been done
一般式： 动作发生在谓语之后，或几乎同时发生
进行式：表示与谓语动词同时发生 完成式：发生在谓语动词之前动作 完成进行式：从过去开始一直持续到谓语动词这个动作的发生
In transformed structures It is +adj./n. +for sb.+ to do It is important for you to help me.
5. To do… as subject （不定式表示一种确定的动作）
To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work.
In aspect and voice
simple Active (not) to do progressive perfective Perfective progressive (not) to have been doing (not) to be doing (not) to have done
In transformed structures
4. It +动词原形seem/appear /turn out/+that It seems that it will rain. 5. It strikes sb. that 从句 ，某人突然想 It occurs to sb. that----It occurs to me that I left my key in the classroom. 6. It doesn't matter whether ---It doesn't matter whether it is new/it will rain tomorrow.
1. Noun as subject David arrived last night.
Pride goes before a fall.
In transformed structure The villagers didn't realize how serious the pollution was until the fish in the river died. 倒装：Not until the fish in the river died did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. 强调：It was not until the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was.
3. It is +过去分词+that 从句 It is reported that a car accident happened there. He is said to be studying in the USA. 有人建议suggest/order/request + 从句 should +动词 原形