英语语法之句子成分
英语语法--句子成分分析(13张)
Exercises:分析句子结构
1）I am a teacher and I touch the future. 2）He felt happy today. 3）You make my heart smile. 4）he likes playing football. 5）After he finished his homework, he went to school.
名，代，数，不定 式，动名词，短语或 句子 动词或动词词组
We like Tie Zhu
谓语
We like Tie Zhu
宾语
表语
表示动作行为的对象
与联系动词连用，一起构成谓 语，说明主语的性质或特征 用来修饰名词或代词 修饰动词，形容词，副词，表 示动作发生的时间，地点，原 因，目的，方式等 逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系
4）感官系动词 feel, smell, sound, taste 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. 注意：系动词不用于被动语态. 5）变化系动词 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如： He became mad after that. 。
系动词
1）状态系动词（be动词） 例如： I am a teacher. 2）持续系动词 keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand 例如：The key to longevity is that one should keep his breath. 3）表像系动词 seem, appear, look, 例如：He looks tired.
宾语 补足语
形容词，名词，不定 式，介词短语等
英语语法-句子成分-详解
英语语法-句子成分-详解一个英语句子里面分为必须的成分：主语、谓语；可能有的成分：宾语、补语、修饰语（定语、状语、同位语）。
主语和宾语主语1）主语一般在句子开头，是句子的“陈述对象”，通常由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、相当于名词的词组或从句、引用充当。
如：The students all love their English teacher.这些学生都喜欢他们的英语老师。
They go to school by bus.他们乘公共汽车上学。
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看太多电视对你的眼睛是有害的。
What we need is a good rest.我们需要的是好好休息一下。
"I love you" is often heared on Valentine's Day.情人节时，经常听到有人说”我爱你“。
2）形式主语与真实主语主语是不定式短语、动名词短语或分句时，常会放在句尾，用"it"代替它原来的位置，这个"it"被称为形式主语，放在句尾的原主语为真实主语。
如：It's very hard to get to sleep.入睡很难。
（不定式短语为真实主语，it为形式主语）It's a pity that you can't come.你不能来真是件遗憾的事。
（句子为真实主语，it为形式主语）宾语1）宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、名词化的形容词、动名词、动词不定式、介词短语或句子。
如：I bought a ticket for Milan.我买了一张去米兰的车票。
I enjoyed talking to you.我和你谈话很高兴。
They decided to close the border.他们决定封闭边境。
讲义：句子成分及句子结构
英语语法之句子成分及句子结构一、句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分.句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语）。
即：句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和同位语1 . 主语（subject)主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
找出句中主语The sun rises in the east. 名词Twenty years is a short time in history. 数词The poor are now living in the shelter.名词化的形容词Seeing is believing。
动名词To see is to believe. 不定式He likes dancing. 代词What he needs is a book。
句子（主从）It is necessary to master a foreign language.2谓语：：说明主语的动作、状态和特征；动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
（1）简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成I saw the flag on the top of the hill. He looked after two orphans.（2）复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词;He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing3宾语:动作的对象或承受者—-及物动词或介词的宾语,即动宾&介宾,常用名词或相当于名词的词(动词不定式或动名词）、代词和数词充当Show your passport，please. 名词She didn’t say anything. 代词How many do you want? - I want two. 数词I enjoy traveling. 动名词He pretended not to see me。
英语语法-句子成分
[kɔːt] n. 法院；球场；朝廷；奉承； vt. 招致（失败、危险等）；向…献殷勤；设法获得 vi. 求爱
Coming here is like entering a fairyland. 到这里就像进入 仙境一样。 The building of this house this year is the big thing for me.
He likes dancing.
They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 Students study. 学students come from the countryside. 大多数学生来
自农村。
Twenty years is a short time in history. （数词） Six times five equals (is equal to , is, are , make 或 makes ) thirty. 六乘五等于三十。
情态动词 + 动词原形：如
1.
I can’t thank you enough. 我对你真感激不尽。(can’t
thank …. enough 对….感激不尽)
The students all love their English teacher. 这些学生都
爱他们的英语老师。
It was love at first sight for both of us. 我们俩一见钟情。 I love all of her. 我爱她的一切。 We are friends。 我们是朋友
今年修这座房子对我来说是大事。
Seeing is believing. （动名词） Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对 你的眼睛是有害的。 It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。
英语语法大全 句子成分分析
句子成分分析在句中起着不同语法作用的成分，叫做句子成分。
英语的句子成分有九种：1、主语（subject）表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象；通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任：The sun rises in the east. 日出东方。
（名词）He hated to see any bird killed.他讨厌看到鸟儿被杀。
（代词）To see is to believe.眼见为实。
（动词不定式）Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
（动名词）Where we shall hold the party is not decided yet.我们还没有决定在何处举行晚会。
（主语从句）It’s human to want something better.精益求精是人类的特性。
（不定式）2、谓语动词（predicate verb）说明主语的动作或状态，由动词或动词短语担任：We study English.我们学习英语。
（动词）The car broke down on the way.车在路上抛锚了。
（动词短语）Do be quiet,children.孩子们，务必安静点。
（助动词+连系动词）We are having a meeting now.我们现在正在开会。
（助动词+实义动词）Soldiers must obey orders.军人必须服从命令。
（情态动词+实义动词）3、表语（predicative）说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与连系动词一起构成复合谓语，通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担任：The next stop is the zoo.下一站是动物园。
（名词）The game is yours.你（们）胜了。
（代词）I was first! 我第一名！（数词）I feel terrible.我难受的厉害。
英语语法 句子成分
英语语法句子成分英语语法句子成分句子的成分1.定义：组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分，即：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
表语、宾语、宾语补足语都是谓语里的组成部分。
句子成分意义例句主语表示句子所说的是'什么人'或'什么事物'，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。
Lucy is an American girl .We study in No.1 Middle School .谓语说明主语'做什么'、'是什么'或者'怎么样'。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)用动词。
谓语和主语在'人称'和'数'两方面必须一致We love China . / She is singing .Mike hopes to be a doctor . / His parents are farmers .表语说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。
Her aunt is a driver . / Are you ready ?We were at home last night .句子成分意义例句宾语表示动词、行为的对象，由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当，和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
He often helps me . / We study English at school.Did you see him yesterday ?定语用来修饰名词或代词。
作定语的除形容词外，还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。
The black bike is mine. / What's your name,please ?We have four lessons in the morning ?状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。
高中英语语法之句子成分
高中英语语法之句子成分句子成分（概述）一、主语：主语是一个句子的主体，一般位于句首。
名词（短语）、代词、数词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、从句（名词性从句里会细讲主语从句）等均可作主语。
*Alight wind disturbed the surface of the water. 微风使水面泛起涟漪（名词短语作主语）*Nobodycan help you except yourself. 除了你自己没人能帮你。
（代词作主语）*Two-thirdsof them can play more than two musical instruments.他们中三分之二会演奏两种以上乐器。
（数词做主语）*Therich are not always happier than the poor. 有钱人并不一定比穷人快乐。
（名词化的形容词作主语，注意the+形容词表一类人，谓语用复数。
主谓一致会详细讲解）*Togo to bed early and to get up early is a good habit.早睡早起是一种好习惯。
（不定式短语作主语，“To go to bed earlyand to get up early 早睡早起”表示同一概念，谓语用单数。
）*Travellingabroad is popular these years. 近年来出国旅游很流行。
（动词-ing形式短语作主语）*Wheneveryou come will be fine. 你无论何时来都可以。
（从句作主语）二、谓语：用来描述主语的行为动作或所处的状态，一般位于主语之后，由动词或动词短语充当，且谓语有人称、数、时态和语态等的变化。
（详细参考“主语与动词”笔记）*Lindaworked for the company for two years.*Theold man must be sent to hospital at once.*Ihave tried this way three times.*Whathappened last night?*Iwould like to invite all my friends here.*Ourschool becomes more beautiful.三、宾语：1. 定义：宾语是动作的承受者，一般位于及物动词之后。
英语语法之句子成分
一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
句子成分详解表（二）主语：主语(Subject)是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. （）2. We often speak English in class. （）3. One-third of the students in this class are girls. （）4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure. （）5. Smoking does harm to the health. （）6. The rich should help the poor. （）7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （）8. It is necessary to master a foreign language. （）趁热打铁一．改错：1. Do exercise is good for your health.2. Eat much meat is bad for your health.二．指出下列句中主语的中心词：The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.三．找出下面句子的主语：1. It is a pleasure to talk to you.2. Cleaning the house needs a lot of time.（三）谓语谓语(Predicate) 说明主语是什么，做什么或怎么样，由动词充当。
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副词： He that climbs high falls heavily. Actions speak louder than words. 介词短语： A reception will be held on New Year’s Eve. 不定式： To make a living, I need a job. To get a job, I need a Ph.D. While other men live to eat, I eat to live.
根据用途，句子可分为陈述句、疑问句 （一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、 反意疑问句）、祈使句和感叹句。
根据结构，句子可分为简单句、并列句和 复合句。简单句是只有一个主谓结构构成； 并列句是有两个或多个主谓结构并列而成， 每个主谓结构被称作一个分句，分句之间 不可以仅仅用逗号连接，需要用合适的并 列连词；复合句有一个主谓结构作主句， 另一个或多个主谓结构作从句（亦可能主 句不止一个，有两个或以上，称之为并列 复合句；所有从句必须有引导词）。
动名词
Men talk of killing time, while time quietly kills them. 宾语从句：
We must believe (that) we are gifted for something, and that this thing, at whatever cost, must be attained.
but rather what they miss.
定语
名词： winter vacation family tree energy crisis 代词： Don’t part with your illusions. When they are gone you may still exist, but you have ceased to live. (马克吐温) 数词： One enemy is too much.
补语
宾语补足语： 名词： Let’s call a spade a spade. 形容词： Praise makes good men better and bad men worse. 副词： He always left the lights on.
介词短语： I hope to find you in better spirits when we meet again. (Bernard Shaw) 不定式： The world will expect you to accomplish something before you feel good about yourself. 分词： The teacher often caught him dozing off in class.
数词：
Three and eight make eleven. “the+形容词” We should show respect to the disabled. 不定式
We shall never have friends if we expect to find them without fault. Cease to struggle and you cease to live. 生命不息，奋斗不止。（托马斯卡莱尔）
aim, and the determination to attain it.
动名词： Love is primarily giving, not taking. 分词： Her attitude is satisfying. 表语从句： The tragedy of life is not what men suffer,
You can tell what people are like from the friends they choose.
表语
连系动词：be; look, sound, smell, taste, feel; become, turn, get, go, grow, fall; seem, appear; keep, stay, remain, etc.
状语
名词： When I was his age, I was at work day and night. The Olympic Games are held every four years. 部分代词： We all agree to your terms. (但是部分语法家把
作状语的代词认为是同位语)
不定式： I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. 动名词： He is going to deliver an opening speech. 分词： A rolling stone gathers no moss. 滚石不生苔。 Words once spoken can never be recalled. 定语从句： The landscape belongs to the man who really looks at it.
the new museum every day.
谓语
谓语中必须有动词。 简单谓语：由单个动词或一个短语动词承担。 Energy and persistence conquer all things. 能量和毅力可以战胜一切。（富兰克林） Happiness consists in contentment. 幸福在于知足。
名词： What makes life dreary is the want of
motive. 代词： I’m not quite myself today.
数词：
His mother is almost eighty. 形容词：
Life is not fair; get used to it. Man is fond of counting his troubles, but
he doesn’t count his joys. 副词：
When age is in, wit is out.
介词短语： Life is like an onion: you peel and sometimes you weep. 不定式： The important thing in life is to have an
Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. It is no use/no good+V-ing It is no use crying over spilt milk.
主语从句
What matters is our future development. It +is +表语/短的谓语+主语从句 It is said that thousands of visitors go to
主语
名词： The tongue is not made of steel, yet it cuts. 舌头不是钢，一动把人伤。 Art is a lie that tells the truth. 艺术是揭示真理的谎言。（毕加索） 代词： You have to believe in yourself. That’s the secret of success. 你必须相信自己。这是成功的秘诀。（卓别林） Those who insult themselves will be insulted by others. 人必自侮而后人侮之。
形容词： 通常位于句首，表示原因。
Very tired, he fell asleep soon. Excited about the news, they cheered for a long time. 有时，形容词可位于句尾，表示结果或主语的状态；
有的人认为这种用法是主语补语。
They finally arrived home, safe and sound.
形容词： A good fame is better than a good face. An ill wound is cured, not an ill name. 副词： A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near. 介词短语： A friend without faults will never be found.
主语补足语： 含有宾补的句子变成被动之后，原来的宾语变成了 主语，那么原来的宾补就成为了主补。 表语是一种特殊的主补。 一些形容词在不及物动词之后描述主语的状态，也 被称作主补。 He died young. We stood still.
数词：
First come, first served. 先到先得。 “the+形容词” The rich are not always happier than the
poor.
不定式
To choose time is to save time. It +is 表语/短的谓语+to do sth/for sb to do sth It is the most important task for us students to learn all subjects well. 动名词
英语语法之句子成分
Ivan
英语语法可以分成两大块内容：词法和 句法。词法的研究内容包括词的构成和分 类以及各种词性的具体用法；而句法主要 研究句子的分类和构成以及各种句子结构 和句法特征。
词性：英语中共有十类词：名、代、数、 形、副、动、介、连、冠和感叹。
句子：英语中句子指的是表达一个完整意 义的至少由一个主谓结构构成的语言单位。
分词： Given another chance, I will do it better. United we stand; divided we fall. Being ill, he didn’t go to school that day. 状语从句： Where there is a will, there is a way. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?