定语从句的翻译

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定语从句的翻译句子

定语从句的翻译句子

定语从句的翻译句子定语从句的翻译句子定语从句是的难点,也是考研英语考查的重点。

下面一起来看看定语从句的翻译句子吧!一、前置译法如果一个定语从句在句中的作用是修饰和限定名词,那么通常就采取译为前置定语的方法。

但注意译成前置定语后既不能影响原文所表达的意思,还要使整个句子的表达言简意赅、连贯通顺、语气较强。

例句:Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.译文:水是一种清澈的液体,有许多用途。

在前置译法的过程中如果定语从句中的.谓语不含有具体意义,可省译从句中的谓语。

这种译法很简便,也很有效。

有时候,出于汉语行文的需要和逻辑关系方面的考虑,可将定语从句提在主语之前翻译,用来说明情况,但不作为被修饰名词的定语。

例句:There are also great advantages that come from the variety of culture brought by settlers from other lands.译文:移民从个地方带来了多种文化,产生了极大的好处。

二、后置译法我们都知道,英语中很多定语从句都是为了连接两个具有共同名词的句子而存在的,因此在翻译时最好分为两个分句。

而对于起限定作用的定语从句,如果结构较为复杂,句子太长,无法译成前置的定语,最后就译成一个后置的并列分句,这样更合乎汉语的习惯。

例句:Our war against terror is a contest of will in which perseverance is power.译文:我们的反恐是一场意志力的较量。

在这场较量中,不屈不挠的精神就是力量。

结构较复杂的定语从句常译成后置的并列分句,在多数情况下要重译先行词,或即便句子不长,出于某种原因需要强调先行词,也要重译先行词。

例句:Days and nights are very long on the moon, where one day is as long as two weeks on the earth.译文:在上,白天和黑夜都相当长,月亮上的一天等于地球上的两周。

英语定语从句的翻译(学生)

英语定语从句的翻译(学生)

英语定语从句的翻译一、定语从句的翻译(一)前置法1)Pollution is a pressing problem which we must deal with.污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切的问题。

2)A youngster who has no playmates of his age living nearby may benefit greatly from attending nursery school.没有年纪相仿的玩伴陪伴的儿童最好就是去幼儿园。

(二)后置法A.重复关系代词所代替的先行词1)They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives.他们正在为理想而奋斗,这个理想关系到每个中国人的心。

过去,许多中国人为之而牺牲。

2)Each team plays ten or eleven games each season which begins in September and ends in November.每队每个季节玩10~11个游戏,游戏从9月开始,11月结束。

B.省略关系代词,把定语从句译成并列谓语3)It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle.4)Some of the energy is converted into heat, which helps to maintain our body temperature at about 37℃.C.把关系代词译成人称代词5)We have seen many chemical changes, from which physical changes are different.6)It was an old woman, tall and shapely still, though withered by time, on whom his eyes fell when he stopped and turned.D.当关系代词指整个主句时,应把关系代词译成指示代词“这”7)The activity was postponed, which was exactly what we wanted.8)Salt is crystalized from sea water, which is known to be a physical change.(三)融合法1)There is somebody waiting for you who I think might be one of your friends from your native town.有个人在外面等你,我想这个人可能是你家乡的一位朋友。

定语从句翻译

定语从句翻译

定语从句1.前置合译法(前滚翻):若定语从句较短,较简单,与先行词(名词)的关系紧密(一般来说,紧密的,为限定性从句;不紧密的,为非限定性从句),限定性定语从句及少部分非限定性从句(较短且有描述性的非限定),一般将从句提在先行词之前,译成“…的” 1)The action it takes at any moment can,t be predicted,and people find that disturbing.分析:后一个that引导宾语从句,指代前面的事情。

翻译:它在任何一个时刻采取的行动都无法预见,这件事使人们感到不安。

2)I was, to borrow from John Le Carre(插入语),the spy(间谍)who was to stay out in the cold.分析:插入语,作状语,译成汉语时,放在句首翻译:借用约翰.李.卡雷的话来说,我是一名被打入冷宫的间谍。

3)There will come a day when people all over the world will live a happy life.分析:定语从句中含有定语从句,主句是when引导的定语从句,修饰a day 翻译:全世界人民过上幸福生活的那一天(终究)是会到来的。

4)The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.翻译:在他手下干活的员工怕他怕得要死。

5)We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious ill were quite aware of its potential outcome.翻译:给我们留下极深印象的是(同位语的翻译)即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人,对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。

定语从句的翻译方法

定语从句的翻译方法

定语从句的翻译方法
定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句,常常用来给出额外的信息来
进一步说明该名词或代词。

翻译定语从句时,一般可以采用以下方法:
1.将定语从句翻译为一个完整的句子,放在被修饰的名词或代词后面。

例如:
- The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.
-坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。

2.将定语从句翻译为一个介词短语,并用该介词短语修饰被修饰的名
词或代词。

例如:
- The book that I am reading is very interesting.
-我正在看的那本书非常有趣。

3.将定语从句翻译为一个形容词短语,并用该形容词短语修饰被修饰
的名词或代词。

例如:
- The man who is wearing a hat is my father.
-戴着帽子的那个男人是我爸爸。

注意:翻译定语从句时要注意上下文的语境,并使得翻译后的句子通顺、流畅。

定语从句翻译

定语从句翻译

定语从句翻译定语从句就其与先行词的关系分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

因此英语定语从句的译法主要涉及限制性和非限制性定语从句的译法。

翻译限制性定语从句可以采用以下几种方法:(1)合译法合译法指把定语从句译成带“的”的定语词组,放在被修饰词的前面,从而将复合句译成汉语单句。

合译法一般适用于结构比较简单或具有描写性的限制性定语从句。

经典例: Yet no such effect had been detected in any of the ingenious and delicate experiments that physicists had devised:the velocity of light did not vary.参考译文: 然而在任何物理学家所进行过的精细巧妙的实验中,都没有发现这种影响:光速没有变化。

经典例题: If the probe takes,say,100 years to make a copy of itself,then the average speed at which all probes would spread throughout the galaxy would be about 1/25th the speed of light.参考译文; 如果探测体需要,比如说,100年时间来生成自己的副体,那么所有探测体传遍整个星系的平均速度大约为光速的1/25。

经典例题: But such trouble is confined mainly to the railways on which the current is picked up from a third rail rather than from overhead conductors.参考译文: 但是,这样的问题主要局限于从第三轨而不是从高架线得到电力的那些铁路上。

(2)分译法如果限制性定语从句结构较为复杂。

定语从句翻译

定语从句翻译
1.译成定语“的”字结构
• 这是最为常见的一种英译汉的方式,翻译成中 文时,将定语部分放在被修饰名词的前面。
• 例1:He is not the one who will give up easily. 译文:他不是一个轻易服输的人。
• 例2:Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long standing. 译文:我们两国是友谊长存的友好邻邦。
3.译成相对独立的小分句
• 有些定语从句在修饰关系上与先行词之间关系显得较 为疏远,这时,我们通常会将定语从句译成独立的句 子。
• 例1: One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective. 译文:有一次暴风骤雨,猛烈的程度实在是我平生所 鲜见的。这场暴风雨遮住了我的目标。
2.不翻译关系代词或关系副词
• 有些定语从句表面上是非限制性定语从句,但在意义上却已经和 主句融为了一体。在翻译时,应该将引导定语从句的关系词省略, 从而使句子的意思显得更为连贯。
• 例1: After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night. 译文:晚饭后,四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈,一直谈到深夜。
• 二、分译法:
• 分译法是指将主句和从句分开翻译的一种方法, 主要用于较长的非限制性定语从句里。采用这 种方法可避免句子的冗长和累赘。这种方法一 般采用主句在前,从句在后的翻译形式,将句 子翻译成两个相对独立的小分句。

定语从句翻译方式

定语从句翻译方式

定语从句翻译方式定语从句翻译方式定语从句的翻译有一定的翻译方式,下面是店铺为大家整理的定语从句翻译方式!第一、前置翻译法:把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面,可以用“的”来连接。

但前置翻译法往往适用于较短的定语。

如:Yao Ming is a basketball player who is ver great.姚明是一名非常伟大的运动员。

He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.没有吃过苦的人不知道是甜。

Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。

His laughter,which was infectious,broke the silence.他那富有感染力的'笑声打破了沉寂。

第二、后置翻译法:把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面,翻译为并列分句。

其中对于先行词的处理有两种:1. 重复先行词。

如:I told the story to John,who told it to his brother.他把这件事告诉了约翰,约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。

We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Committee,whose activities deserve to be encouraged.在我们对特别委员会表示满意,特别委员会的工作应该受到鼓励。

Although he lacks experience,he has enterprise and creativity,which are decisive in achieving success in the area.他虽然经验不足,但很有进取心和创造力,而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。

定语从句及例句并翻译

定语从句及例句并翻译

定语从句及例句并翻译定语从句及例句并翻译是什么?相信很多人都想知道吧?以下是店铺为您整理的定语从句及例句并翻译相关资料,欢迎阅读!定语从句及例句并翻译定语从句的翻译方法主要有以下四种:前置法:把定语从句的内容翻译成“……的”,放在被修饰词的前面。

后置法:把定语从句的.翻译放在被修饰词之后,定语从句的后置翻译分为三类:由which引导定语从句时一般翻译为“这”;另一些引导词则在翻译时重复先行词,即被修饰词;还有一些引导词在翻译时可以省略不译。

融合法:将定语从句与主句融合为一个简单句的方法。

这种用法往往用在“there be”结构带有定语从句的句型中。

状译法:如果主句和定语从句之间有明显逻辑关系,则翻译为状语。

【真题例句1】Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.【解析】可以拆分为:Behaviorists suggest //that the child //who is raised //in an environment// where there are many stimuli //which develop his or her capacity //for appropriate responses //will experience greater intellectual development.本句的主干即是Behaviorists suggest that ...;that引导suggest 的宾语从句,动词是will experience;who引导修饰child的定语从句,动词为is raised;where引导修饰environment的定语从句,动词为are;which引导修饰stimuli的定语从句,动词为develop。

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“We are a nation that must beg to stay alive,” said a foreign economist. 一位外国经济学家说道,“我们这个国 家不讨饭就活不下去。”
We used a plane of which almost every part carried some identification of national identity. 我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有国 籍的某些标志。
在译文中从句后置,省略英语关系词 所代表的含义。
He saw in front that haggard whitehaired old man, whose eyes flashed red with fury. 他看见前面那个憔悴的白发老人,眼睛 里闪耀着愤怒的红光。
When she was lost to his view, he pursued his homeward way, glancing up sometimes at the sky, where the clouds were sailing fast and wildly. 直到看不见她了,他才走回家,不 时抬头望望天空,只见乌云滚滚而 来.
英语非限定性定语从句对先行词不 起限制作用,只对它加以描写,叙 述或解释。
前置法
一些较短而具有描写性的英语非限 定性定语从句,也可以译成带的的 前置定语,但这种处理方法不如用 在英语限定性定语从句那样普遍。
He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who was aloof and arrogant. 他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹,而不喜欢冷漠高傲 的哥哥。 But Miggle’s laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silence. 但密格尔的富有感染力的笑声打破了静默。
译成并列分句,省略英语先行词。
He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that weighed up to two pounds each. 他种出了200个大得惊人的西红柿,每个重达两 磅。 A fuel is a material which will burn at a reasonable temperature and produce heat. 燃料是一种物质,在适当温度下能够燃烧并释放 出热量。
Pollution is a pressing problem which we must deal with. 污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切问 题。
后置法
前置法大都是用于限定性定语从 句,但一般用于翻译比较简单的 英语定语从句,如果从句结构复 杂,翻译成汉语前置定语显得太 长而不符合汉语的表达习惯时, 往往可以译成后置的并列分句。
译成表“因”的分句
The ambassador was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk to or to hear from. 大使只宴请了几个人,因为他特地想和这 些人谈谈,听听他们的意见。
We know that a cat , whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night. 我们知道由于猫的眼睛比我们人 的眼睛能吸收更多的光线,所以 猫在黑夜也能看得很清楚。
第四章
定语从句
对于中国学生最有用的帮助是让他认 识英语和汉语的差别。 吕叔湘
英汉差别: 汉语是综合性的,描写性的,而英语是分析 性的,逻辑性的。
在句法方面:比喻一:雄狮和孔雀
英语习惯于把最着重的事物放在句首先说出来, 开门见山,一语破的,然后再把各种标志一条 条补述,一步步交待,慢条斯理,从容不迫, 形成一条头短为长的先性链,像头小尾大的雄 孔雀。 汉语则相反,其线性序列的展开好比画龙点睛, 先把外围的环境与衬托一一交待周到,最后点 出话语的信息中心信,水到渠成,给人以豁然 开朗之感,形成雄狮型头大尾小的句式。
译成独立句
One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective. 有一次是暴风骤雨,猛烈的程度实为我平 生所仅见。这陈暴风雨遮住了我的目标。
兼有状语职能的定语从句
英语中有些定语从句,兼有状语从 句的职能,在意义上与主句有状语 关系,说明原因、结果、目的、让 步、假设等关系。翻译时应善于从 原文的字里行间发现这些逻辑上的 关系,然后译成汉语各种相应的偏 正复句。
后置法
在译文中把原文从句后置,重 复英语关系词所代表的含义。
I told the story to John, who(= and he ) told it to his brother. 他把这件事告诉了约翰,约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。 The cook turned pale, and asked the housemaid to shut the door, who asked Brittles, who asked the tinker, who pretended not to hear. 厨子的脸色变得苍白,要女仆把门关上,女仆叫 布里特尔关,布里特尔又叫补锅匠关,而补锅匠 装着没听见。
There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month. 在那群人里,有些人每天站在那里,站 了一个月。 There are many people who want to see the film. 许多人要看这部电影。
在译文中从句前置,重复英语关系词 所代表的意义。
The men had suddenly awakened to the fact that there were beauty and significance in these trifles, (flower) which they had so long trodden carelessly beneath their feet. 这些花以前一直被这些人漫不经心地踩在 脚下,现在他们突然意识到这些小玩意儿 的美丽和意义了。
译成并列分句,重复英语先行词。
They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives. 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力,这个 理想是每一个中国人所珍爱的,在过去, 许多中国人为了这个理想而牺牲了自己 的生命。
This is the cat. 这就是那只猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake. 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that lay in the house. 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在屋里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that lay in the house that Jack built. 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在杰克盖的屋子里的蛋糕的 老鼠的猫。
His wife, Betty, is a Shanghai-born Chinese who left China at the age of eight, and whose book, “Eight Moon”, tells of her sister Sansan’s life in China. 他的妻子贝蒂是一位出生在上海的华人, 八岁时离开中国,写过一本名为《八月》 的书,讲述了她妹妹姗姗在中国的生活。
这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的 猫。老鼠偷吃了放在屋里 的蛋糕。屋子是杰克盖的。
定语从句的译法
限定性定语从句
前置法
把英语限定性定语从句译成带 “的”的 定语词组,放在被修饰词之前,从而将 复合句译成汉语单句。
The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。 July and August are the months when the weather is hot. 七八月份是天气很热的月份。
They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased. 他们制定出一种新方法,采用之后产 量已迅速提高。
溶合法
溶合法是指把原句中的主语和定语从 句溶合在一起译成一个独立的句子的 一种翻译方法。由于限定性定语从句 与主语关系紧密,所以溶合法比较适 合翻译限定性定语从句。
英语是一种弥漫着男子气(virile Qualities) 的语言。逻辑性、组织性和理性凸现英语 的“阳刚之美”(Masculinity)。而汉语 不注重对客观现实作符合逻辑的形式的描 摹,不执着于形式结构的规范,这是它具 有一种 “阴柔之美”(Femininity)。汉语 的魅力恰恰在于它的流散和疏放,系于它 超凡的暗示力和意境性。
Newton invented a paper lantern illuminated by a candle which he carried with him to light his way to school on dark winter mornings. 牛顿发明了一只点蜡烛的纸灯笼,在昏暗 朦胧的冬天早晨上学时带着灯笼照路。
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