第三套试题答案
建筑工程计量与计价试题及答案第三套
一．填空题（共20分，每空格1分）1.定额按编制程序和用途分为施工定额、预算定额、、。
2.工程建设中使用的材料有和两种类型。
3.多层建筑坡屋顶内和场馆看台下，当设计加以利用时净高的部位应计算全面积；净高在的部位应计算1/2面积；当设计不利用或室内净高不应计算面积。
4.整体楼梯包括休息平台、平台梁、斜梁及楼梯的连接梁，按计算，不扣除宽度的楼梯井，伸入墙内部分不另增加。
当整体楼梯与现浇楼层无梯梁连接时，按楼层的最后一个踏步外边缘加为界。
5.普通窗按以平方米计算。
6.墙裙以高度在以内为准，超过时按墙面计算，高度低于以内时，按踢脚板计算。
7.分部分项工程量清单应包括、、和。
8.应计入建筑安装工程造价的税金包括、及等。
二．选择题（共10分，每小题1分）1．某单层混凝土结构工业厂房高15m，其一端有6层砖混车间办公楼与其相连，构成一单位工程，两部分外墙外边距离350mm，各部分首层勒脚以上外墙外边所围面积分别为2000m2和，300m2，缝长20m，则该单位工程建筑面积为( )m2。
A．2300 B．3800 C．3807 D．38422．整体地面面层工程量均按主墙间净面积以“平方米”计算，应扣除( )。
A．凸出地面构筑物、室内地沟所占面积B．柱、垛所占面积C．间壁墙所占面积D．附墙烟囱所占面积3．某建筑物采用现浇整体楼梯，楼梯共四层自然层，楼梯间净长6m，净宽3m，楼梯井宽500mm，长3m，则该现浇楼梯的混凝土工程量为( )m2。
A．18 B．72 C．70.5 D．664．除另有说明外，所有清单项目的工程量应以实体工程量为准，并以完成后的( )计算。
A．净值B．净值加损耗C．净值加需要增加的工程量D．实际量5．构筑物混凝土工程量除另有规定者外，均按图示尺寸以体积计算，应扣除门窗洞口及( )孔洞所占的体积。
A．0.1m2以外B．0.1m2以内C．0.3m2以外D．0.3m2以内6．如果是打孔后，先埋入预制混凝土桩尖，再灌注混凝土的打孔灌注方式，其桩尖的工程量按( )计算体积。
2020年12月四级考试真题第三套答案
2020年12月四级考试真题第三套答案一、听力部分（每题1分，共10分）（本部分包含10道题目，内容通常涉及日常对话、简短独白或通知等，需要学生根据听到的内容选择正确答案。
）二、单项选择题（每题1分，共15分）—How are you today?—____________.A. Fine, thank you.B. You're welcome.C. No, I'm not fine.D. I'm sorry.She ________ to the party last night.A. goesB. wentC. will goD. is going三、完形填空（每题1分，共10分）阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。
It was a sunny day. I decided to go for a walk in the park. As I walked, I saw a little girl ________ in the corner. She looked very sad. I went up to her and asked what was wrong. She said she ________ her mother. I asked her to give me her mother's phone number and called her. Her mother was very grateful to me. She told me her daughter was always ________ to go to the park alone.五、书面表达（共25分）短文改错（共10分）请找出下面短文中的10处错误并改正。
Last Sunday, I went to the zoo with my friends. We saw many interesting animals, like tiger, elephant and panda. They were very lovely. We also watched a dolphin show. It was amazing! After that, we had lunch in a restaurant near the zoo. The food was delicious but the service was bad. In the afternoon, we went home happy.书面表达（共15分）请根据以下要点，写一篇80词左右的英语短文。
2022年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)含答案
2022年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第3套）Part I Writing(30minutes) Directions:In this task,you are to write an essay on the role of physical exercise in achieving success at college.You will have30minutes for the task.You should write at least 120words but no more than180words.PartⅡListening Comprehension(25minutes)特殊说明：由于多题多卷，官方第三套真题的听力试题与第二套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此，本套试卷不再提供听力部分。
Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．Parenting brings fathers more joy than it does mothers,according to a new study.The research examined three studies26more than18,000participants.Across all three, parenthood was27with more positive wellbeing outcomes for dads than for mums.So why are fathers happier than mothers?“Fathers may fare better than mothers in part due to how they spend time with their children,”said lead author Katherine Nelson-Coffey.In one study,the authors28that dads were more likely to take“playing”as an29 activity both when caring for their kids and spending time with their kids.“Playing with their children likely offers parents opportunities to experience positive feelings and30 closeness with their children,”they say.Fathers also did better than men without kids,reporting greater happiness,life satisfaction,and fewer31symptoms.They also reported greater connectedness and autonomy(自主).For mums,32,compared to women without children,the results weren’t quite as positive.Mums reported greater autonomy,but also“greater trouble”and fewer positive33.Mums reported happier moods while interacting with their kids,compared to other experiences,but not while engaging34in childcare.“This difference suggests that how mothers and fathers spend time with their children might have important35for their wellbeing,”the authors write.They suspect that mums may be less happy than dads because they’re more likely to have higher expectations about parenthood.As such,they’re more likely to be“let down”by the experience.A)additional F)directly K)involvingB)associated G)emotions L)noteC)composing H)however M)preciselyD)cultivate I)implications N)superficialE)depressive J)interfered O)thereforeSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Learning to say noA)Not doing something will always be faster than doing it.This philosophy applies in manyareas of life.For example,there is no meeting that goes faster than not having a meeting at all.This is not to say you should never attend another meeting,but the truth is that we say“yes”to too many things we don’t actually want to do.B)How often do people ask you to do something and you just reply,“Sure.”Three days later,you’re overwhelmed by how much is on your to-do list.We become frustrated by our obligations even though we were the ones who said“yes”to them in the first place.Even worse,people will occasionally fight to do things that waste time.You don’t have to do something just because it exists.It’s worth asking if things are necessary.Many of them are not,and a simple“no”will be more productive than whatever work the most efficient person can cope with.But if the benefits of saying“no”are so obvious,then why do we say“yes”so often?C)We say“yes”to many requests not because we want to do them,but because we don’twant to be seen as rude or unhelpful.Often,we have to consider saying“no”to someone we will interact with again in the future—our co-worker,our spouse,our family and friends.Saying“no”to our superiors at work can be particularly difficult.In these situations,I like the approach recommended in Essentialism by Greg McKeown.He writes,“Remind your superiors what you would be neglecting if you said‘yes’and force them to deal with the trade-off.For example,if your manager comes to you and asks you to do X,you can respond with‘Yes,I’m happy to make this the priority.Which of these other projects should I deprioritize to pay attention to this new project?’”D)Collaborating with others is an important element of life.The thought of straining therelationship outweighs the commitment of our time and energy.For this reason,it can be helpful to be gracious in your response.Do whatever favors you can,and be warm-hearted and direct when you have to say no.But even after we have accounted for these social considerations,many of us still seem to do a poor job of managing the trade-off between yes and no.We find ourselves over-committed to things that don’tmeaningfully improve or support those around us,and certainly don’t improve our own lives.E)Perhaps one issue is how we think about the meaning of yes and no.The words“yes”and“no”get so often used in comparison with each other that it feels like they carry equal weight in conversation.In reality,they’re not just opposite in meaning,but of entirely different magnitudes in commitment.When you say“no”,you’re only saying“no”to one option.When you say“yes”,you’re saying“no”to every other option.I like how economist Tim Harford put it,“Every time we say‘yes’to a request,we’re also saying ‘no’to anything else we might accomplish with the time.”Once you’re committed to something,you’ve already decided how that future block of time will be spent.In other words,saying“no”saves you time in the future.Saying“yes”costs you time in the future.“No”is a form of time credit.You retain the ability to spend your future time however you want.“Yes”is a form of time debt.You have to pay back your commitment at some point.F)“No”is a decision.“Yes”is a responsibility.Saying“no”is sometimes seen as a luxurythat only those in power can afford.And it’s true:turning down opportunities is easier when you can fall back on the safety net provided by power,money,and authority.But it’s also true that saying“no”is not merely a privilege reserved for the successful.It’s alsoa strategy that can help you become successful.Saying“no”is an important skill todevelop at any stage of your career because it retains the most important asset in life:your time.As investor Pedro Sorrentino put it,“If you don’t guard your time,people will steal it from you.”You need to say“no”to whatever isn’t leading you toward your goals. G)Nobody embodied this idea better than Steve Jobs,who said,“People think focus meanssaying‘yes’to the thing you’ve got to focus on.But that’s not what it means at all.It means saying‘no’to the hundred other good ideas that there are.You have to pick carefully.”Jobs had another great quote about saying“no”:“I’m actually as proud of the things we haven’t done as the things I have done.Innovation is saying‘no’to1,000 things.”H)Over time,as you continue to improve and succeed,your strategy needs to change.Theopportunity cost of your time increases as you become more successful.At first,you just eliminate the obvious distractions and explore the rest.As your skills improve and you learn to separate what works from what doesn’t,you have to continually increase your threshold for saying“yes”.You still need to say“no”to distractions,but you also need to learn to say“no”to opportunities that were previously good uses of time,so you can make space for better uses of time.It’s a good problem to have,but it can be a tough skill to master.I)What is true about health is also true about productivity:an ounce of prevention is worth apound of cure.More effort is wasted doing things that don’t matter than is wasted doing things inefficiently.And if that is the case,elimination is a more useful skill than optimization.I’m reminded of the famous Peter Drucker quote,“There is nothing so useless as doing efficiently that which should not be done at all.”36.People often grant a request just because they want to appear polite and helpful.37.It’s no easy job learning to say“no”to opportunities that were once considered worth grasping.38.When you decline a request,you are saving your future time.39.People sometimes struggle to do things that are simply a waste of time.40.Doing efficiently what is not worth doing is the most useless effort.41.It is especially difficult for people to decline to do what their superiors ask them to do.42.People agree to do too many things they are in fact unwilling to do.43.According to one famous entrepreneur,innovation means refusal to do an enormous number of things.44.It is an essential aspect of life to cooperate with other people.45.Refusing a request is sometimes seen as a privilege not enjoyed by ordinary people. Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.We’re eating more fish than ever these days.At around20kilograms per person global fish consumption is now more than twice what it was in the1960s.What’s really remarkable, though,is where that fish comes from.For the first time in human history,most of our aquatic(水产的)food now comes from farming rather than fishing.People ate around73million tonnes of farmed fish—just more than half of the volume of fish that humans consumed—in2014.That’s out of a total fish supply of167million tonnes; the remaining20million or so tonnes go into things like animal feed and medical products.To keep eating fish at the current rate,we’re definitely going to need to keep aquaculture(水产养殖)developing.That’s because the volume of fish caught in the wild has leveled off since the1990s.Back in1974,only10%of marine fish stocks had been overfished.Now,more than three-tenths are.Only a tenth of our oceans’fish stocks could sustain heavier fishing than current levels.But while catchings at sea have suffered,fish-farming has been growing at a fast rate.A lot of that is coming from China,which produces60%of the world’s farmed fish.In fact, some35countries,including China,now produce more farmed than wild-caught fish.This shift toward aquaculture isn’t just good for ensuring salmon(三文鱼)on your plate; it’s also crucial to ensuring food security and sustainability.By2050,the world will need to feed an estimated9.7billion people.They’ll have to get their protein somewhere.However, raising cattle,pigs,and other land-based animals requires vast sums of grain and water.For example,pound for pound,beef requires15times more feed to raise than carp,a freshwaterfish farmed all over Asia.That grain—and the water needed to grow it—could be consumed by people instead.However,aquaculture is no silver bullet.In some southeast Asian countries,shrimp farming does disastrous damage to marine ecosystems.Despite these problems,however, shrimp continues to be among the most popular seafoods worldwide.46.What does the author say is remarkable about the fish we eat?A)They reproduce quickly.B)They are mostly farmed.C)They have become as important as grain.D)They have a longer history than humans.47.What do we need to do if we keep consuming fish at the current rate?A)Increase the fishing volume considerably.B)Develop more advanced fishing technology.C)Enlarge the marine fish stocks effectively.D)Expand the scale of fish-farming continuously.48.What does the author say about China in terms of aquatic food?A)It places increasing emphasis on fishing now.B)It boasts of the world’s largest fishing stocks.C)It raises more fish than caught from the wild.D)It supplies60%of the world’s fish products.49.Why does the author say aquaculture is so important these days?A)It is a must for feeding the world’s fast-growing population.B)It proves a reliable source of protein for humans and animals.C)It is essential to maintaining both mental and physical health.D)It ensures a balanced healthy diet for people the world over.50.What does the author imply by saying aquaculture is no silver bullet?A)Shrimp-farming is a risky business.B)Fish-farming will not be sustainable.C)Fish-farming may cause serious problems too.D)Shrimp-farming can become quite expensive.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.In2020,the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the World Food Programme(WFP).Why a Nobel Prize for the WFP,and why now?In2019,the WFP assisted nearly100 million people in88countries.It is the safety net for those who fall off the edge of existence. It is a response to solving the problem of food instability.Its Nobel Prize reminds us all of the moral hazard in imagining that the poor and vulnerable are somebody else’s problem.The WFP has been around since1961and has been the global coordinator of nationally based efforts to avoid disasters with food aid.Despite decades of effort to eliminate hunger, the latest estimate is that about11%of people on the planet(about820million people)aresuffering daily undernourishment.Progress at reducing undernourishment has stopped despite gains through the1990s and2000s.Developed countries sometimes offer food and aid to developing ones,but at a price. One American philosopher stated that addressing the needs of the poor and vulnerable is about more than money—it is mostly about creating conditions under which prosperity and opportunity can thrive.When aid is offered with heavy conditions attached,like loan repayment or food for resources,it often widens the gap between rich and poor and sustains the old world order.This is why the work of the WFP is so vital.The scientific community,however,can provide a helping hand to the WFP.By sharing knowledge of agriculture and climate with peers in countries most vulnerable to poverty and hunger,scientists can help reduce these problems.By making its voice heard,science can lead by example.The ability to overcome food shortages that must be built into some of the poorest countries will not come from loans from wealthy countries,which may have food problems of their own,or world economic institutions.This ability will be built upon self-confident people using open and shared scientific knowledge to pull themselves out of their misery.51.What does the WFP’s winning of the Nobel Peace Prize make us realize?A)More and more people in the world are suffering from starvation.B)All of us can be affected by food instability one way or another.C)It is hazardous to leave millions of people poor and vulnerable.D)It is morally wrong to think helping the poor is not our business.52.What do we learn about the WFP’s effort to eliminate hunger?A)It has ensured a sufficient food supply to millions.B)It is still far from its goal despite the progress made.C)It has done a good job in combating natural disasters.D)It is preventing starvation occurring on a global scale.53.What will happen when food aid is offered at a price?A)The rich will become richer and the poor poorer.B)More people will be willing to join in the effort.C)More food will be made available to the needy.D)The relief effort will be rendered less sustainable.54.How can scientists help cope with poverty and hunger?A)By collaborating closely with world economic institutions.B)By sharing expertise with peers in poverty-stricken nations.C)By setting up more food research programs in developing countries.D)By building self-respect in people suffering from undernutrition.55.What message does the author try to convey at the end of the passage?A)Wealthy nations should solve their own food problems first.B)Rich countries should be more generous in providing food aid.C)Poor nations should enhance their own ability to solve their food shortages.D)World economic institutions should play a bigger role in fighting hunger.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.冬至（Winter Solstice）是全年白昼最短、黑夜最长的一天，标志着一年中最寒冷时节的开始。
中医内科学期末试题及答案(第三套)
中医内科学期末试题及答案一、单项选择题，每题1分，共30分（在备选答案中选择1个最佳答案，并把它的标号写在题后的括号内）1．中医内科学的形成和发展，从殷商到清末经历了：A．5000多年B．2500多年C．2000多年D．3000多年2．首先出现感冒之名的医著是：A《内经》B《丹溪心法.伤风》C《仁斋直指方．诸风》D《诸病源候论》3．患者恶寒重，发热轻，头身困重而痛，无汗，鼻塞，流清涕，脘闷腹胀，纳呆便溏，舌苔白腻，脉浮缓。
最佳选方是：A荆防败毒散B藿香正气散C补中益气丸D新加香薷饮4．外感发热的主要病因是：A热邪B暑邪C六淫或疫毒之邪D湿热之邪5．口渴反应人体的病变是：A气虚B血虚C津伤D阳虚6．下列除哪一项外均是痢疾的主症？A腹痛腹泻B里急后重C便下赤白脓血D泻下粪便如米泔水7．厥证的治疗原则是：A化痰醒神B开窍醒神C回厥醒神D回阳救逆8．外感咳嗽的治法是：A祛邪止咳B祛邪化痰C解表止咳D祛邪利肺9．哮病发作的诱因下列哪一项最主要？A饮食不节B情志失调C气候因素D劳倦过度10．喘证的病位主要在：A肝肺B心肺C脾肺D肺肾11．患者时时振寒，壮热不寒，咳嗽气急，胸满作痛，咳则加重，转侧不利，咳吐浊痰量多，有腥味，呈黄绿色，舌苔黄腻，脉滑数。
属肺痈那一期？A初期B成痈期C溃脓期D恢复期12．对喘证的论述，指出“在肺为实，在肾为虚”的医著是：A《临证指南医案．喘》B《丹溪心法．喘》C《类证治裁·喘证》D《证因脉治．喘证》13．肺胀的病性多属：A本虚标实证B实证C虚证D上实下虚证14．心悸的病名首见于：A《素问》B《金匮要略》C《景岳全书》D《医学心悟》15．“真心痛,手足青至节,心痛甚,旦发夕死，夕发旦死。
”出自：A《金匮要略》B《素问．藏气法时论》C 《素问.厥论》D《灵枢.五邪》16．最早记载“诸风掉眩，皆属于肝”的医著是：A《灵枢．海论》B《灵枢．口问篇》C《素问．至真要大论》D《金匮要略》17．倡导中风病“非风”学说的医家是：A叶天士B李东垣C张景岳D刘河间18．.郑某，女，42岁，烦热不寐，多梦易惊，性情急躁易怒，伴头晕头痛，目赤耳鸣，口苦口干，小便黄赤，大便秘结，舌红，舌苔黄，脉弦数。
2020年12月四级考试真题第三套答案
2020年12月四级考试真题第三套答案一、单项选择题He _______ his homework yesterday.A. doesB. didC. doD. doingThey _______ playing football every weekend.A. goB. goesC. are goingD. areShe _______ a book last night.A. readB. readsC. is readingD. was reading二、完形填空It was a cold winter day. Mr. Smith wanted to go to the _______ to buy some food. He _______ his coat and walked out of the house. It was snowing outside, and the ground was covered with _______ snow.He walked for a long time and finally got to the _______. He saw a lot of people there. He walked around and _______ some apples, oranges and vegetables. Then he went to the _______ counter and bought some meat.After shopping, he went back home. When he got home, he felt very _______ and hungry. He made a cup of hot chocolate and ate some of the food he had _______.That day, he really enjoyed his _______ shopping trip.A. marketB. schoolC. hospitalD. parkE. put onF. took offG. whiteH. blackI. fruit J. meat K. tired L. fullM. bought N. saw O. wonderful三、阅读理解(文章略，提供一段简短的阅读文章和几个相关问题)What is the main idea of the passage?A. The author's daily routine.B. The importance of healthy eating.C. The history of a famous restaurant.D. The benefits of cooking at home.How many people are mentioned in the passage?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. The author enjoys cooking.B. The author often eats out with friends.C. The author thinks cooking is a waste of time.D. The author prefers homemade food to restaurant food.四、写作题Write a short essay (100-150 words) about the importance of learning a foreign language. Include reasons why you think it is important and how it can benefit your future.。
反假币考试试题第三套(人民币)
练习题一、单选题第1题: 观察第五套人民币1999年版100元纸币上的隐形面额数字防伪特征，正确的方法是（）。
A.将票面置于紫外灯下B.将票面置于与眼睛接近平行的位置，面对光源作平行旋转45度或90度角C.将票面面对光源作平行旋转45度或90度角D.将票面面对光源作顺时针旋转45度或90度角正确答案:B第2题: 1999年版人民币100元纸币安全线上缩微文字是（）。
A.￥100B.100C.RMB100D.人民币100正确答案:C第3题: 1999年版人民币（）纸币为横竖双号码，横号码为黑色，竖号码为红色。
A.20元B.5元C.100元D.50元正确答案:D第4题: 1999年版人民币10元纸币共有（）种公众防伪特征。
A.8B.9C.10D.11正确答案:C第5题: 2005年版人民币5元纸币共有（）种专业防伪特征。
A.6B.7C.8D.9正确答案:C第6题: 1999年版人民币5元纸币共有（）种公众防伪特征。
A.9B.10C.12D.13正确答案:A第7题: 第五套人民币1元纸币的背面主景图案是（）。
A.B.C.正确答案:B第8题: 人民币1999年版、2005年版5元纸币背面有色荧光油墨印刷图案在紫外光下显现（）色。
A. 黄B. 绿C. 红D. 蓝正确答案:B第9题: 第五套人民币1999年版1元纸币的固定花卉水印是（）水印。
A.兰花B.荷花C.水仙花D.牡丹正确答案:A第10题: 1999年10月1日，中国人民银行发行了（）人民币。
A.第二套B.第三套C.第四套D.第五套正确答案:D第11题: 目前市场上伪造的人民币主要是（）假人民币。
A.机制B.手工制作C.计算机制作D.彩色复印正确答案:A第12题: 未经（）批准，任何单位和个人不得研制、仿制、引进、销售、购买和使用印制人民币所特有的防伪材料、防伪技术、防伪工艺和专用设备。
A.国家专利局B.中国人民银行C.中国印钞造币总公司D.国务院正确答案:B第13题: 金融机构在办理业务时发现假币，由该金融机构（）业务人员当面予以收缴。
沟通与协调能力第三套试题100分标准答案
下列哪些不是积极领导群众的内容（）A如果领导者与广大群众在思想上不一致，行动上不统一，形成“多中心”、“多目标”，就会出现“领导喊，群众看”或者“群众干，领导拦”的局面B需要领导与群众相结合C照顾群众关系，并迁就某些落后群众的要求D宣传群众、组织群众、教育群众和带领群众一道前进答案C对（）沟通而言，空间距离的远近影响信息的清晰度A电话B网络C口头D会议答案C同事间的交往类型不包括（）A合作型B利用型C被迫型D融合型答案D在协调与上级关系的过程中，做法不正确的是（）A“管理自己的上司”B获得上级的信任和支持C猥琐迎合、曲意奉承D事关党和国家的根本利益问题，就不应一味地“协调”答案C 在英国对伊拉克的“沙漠惊雷”计划中，安南充当了恰当的调解人的身份，下面哪项并不是他的做法（）A联系实际B多方兼顾C展望未来D坚持原则答案C下面哪些不算是冲突（）A知觉到或意识到冲突条件的存在时B知觉到冲突并有情绪的卷入C当一方固执己见，对对方的意见不采纳、不尊重D自己的意见不能被对方赞同感到失望、挫折，甚至引起强烈的愤怒答案A一个人能有效地与他人进行信息交流的主观条件是指（）A说话能力B智力C沟通能力D谈判能力答案C能力按照（）分，可分为一般能力和专门能力A方向B内容C本质D性质答案D下面哪些不是沟通的主要因素（）A信息B传递者C编码D理解答案B沟通是一种精神活动，其效果的好坏，与沟通主体的（）有着极大的关系A身体状态B心理状态C文化修养D社会背景答案B人们的不同属性不是由于下面的（）造成的A性格B年龄C身份D发型答案D目标管理的精髓在于（）A从集体的利益出发，提出对即将制定的目标的种种建议或见解B从自己的利益出发，提出对即将制定的目标的种种建议或见解C实现自我目标的过程D实现组织目标和个人目标的完美结合答案D 突出发展自己的长处，以弥补自己的短处给领导协调带来的不利影响是（）A直接补短法B间接补短法C全面提高法D层级递进提高法答案B下面哪些不属于尊重上级的范畴（）A上级领导的人格B上级领导的作用C上级领导的习惯D上级领导的喜好答案D“人创造奇迹常常是在瞬间，但没有一个创造奇迹的人是依靠瞬间的。
6级第三套试题及答案
6级第三套试题及答案一、听力理解（共30分）1. A) 5:45 p.m. B) 6:15 p.m. C) 6:45 p.m. D) 7:15 p.m.2. A) 50 dollars. B) 80 dollars. C) 100 dollars. D) 120 dollars.3. A) At a restaurant. B) At a bookstore. C) At a post office. D) At a bank....20. A) Disappointed. B) Surprised. C) Annoyed. D) Relieved.答案：1. C2. B3. A...20. D二、阅读理解（共20分）1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of sleep.B) The benefits of exercise.C) The impact of diet on health.D) The role of stress in daily life.2. According to the author, what is the best way to improve memory?A) Taking more breaks.B) Eating a balanced diet.C) Exercising regularly.D) Getting enough sleep....10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A) The author is optimistic about the future.B) The author is concerned about the current situation.C) The author is suggesting a new approach.D) The author is warning against a potential problem.答案：1. A2. D...10. B三、完形填空（共20分）1. A) Despite B) Although C) Because D) Since2. A) to B) for C) with D) by...20. A) however B) therefore C) moreover D) besides答案：1. B2. C...20. A四、翻译（共30分）1. 随着科技的发展，人们的生活变得越来越方便。
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第三套试题答案————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：应用本科试题（3）参考答案一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10B AC BD A A D D A1. 下列刀具材料中，称为立方氮化硼的是[ ]A T10AB CBNC W18Cr4VD YG32. 铰刀属于[ ]A 定尺寸刀具B 成形刀具C 展成刀具D一般刀具3. 由于操作者为了避免产生不可修复的废品，主观地使轴径加工的宁大勿小，使孔径宁小勿大，则其尺寸误差将呈现[ ]A 正态分布B 双峰分布C 偏态分布D平顶分布4. 通过主切削刃上一点，与主切削刃相切并垂直于该点基面的平面称为[ ]A 法平面B 切削平面C 正交平面D 背平面5. 在装夹工件时，为了提高工件的刚度和定位稳定性，常采用[ ]A固定支承B可调支承C自位支承D辅助支承6. 削用量三要素中，对切削温度影响最大的是[ ]A. 切削速度B. 进给量C. 背吃刀量D.三者基本相同7. 同一个工人在同一个工作地对同一工件或同时对几个工件所连续完成的那一部分工艺过程称为[ ]A 工序B 工步C 安装D 走刀8. 工件加工所需限制的自由度必须全部限制，否则就会产生的现象是[ ]A．完全定位B．不完全定位C．过定位D．欠定位9. 某尺寸公差为0.1mm，加工后这批零件的均方根偏差为0.02mm，则工序的工艺能力[ ]A过高 B足够 C勉强 D不足10.常值系统误差将影响机械加工误差分布曲线的[ ]A分布曲线中心位置B均方根偏差大小 C 工艺能力系数D分布曲线形状二、填空题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）请在每小题的空格中填上正确答案。
错填、不填均无分。
11. 切削用量三要素包括切削速度、 和背吃刀量。
进给量12. 车削外圆时，工件待加工表面直径为30mm ，主轴转速为500rpm ，此时切削速度 为 m/s 。
0.78513. 某厂汽车的年产量为5万台，每台汽车有四个活塞，每年生产活塞的废品率为3％，备品率为5％。
该厂汽车活塞的年生产纲领 万台。
21.6314. 将铸件在露天放置几个月或几年时间，让其在自然界缓慢释放内应力，使材料组织逐渐趋于稳定，该过程称为 。
自然时效15. 按照在一批零件中出现的规律划分，加工误差可分为_____和随机误差。
系统误差 16. 工序 原则的特点是设备数和操作工人多，对操作工人的技术水平要求不高。
分散 17. 机床传动链始末两端传动元件之间相对运动的误差称为 。
传动链误差 18. 机床代号“MG1432A ”中，数字“32”表示 。
最大磨削直径320mm 19. 切削力的三个分力中，不消耗机床功率的是 。
背向力20. 加工工件时用加工过的表面作为定位基准，这种定位基准称为 。
精基准 21. 在规定的工作期间内，机床保持所需要的精度，称之为 ___。
精度保持性 22. 设计基准在工序尺寸方向上的最大位置变动量称为 。
定位误差 23. 在铣床上采用模数铣刀加工齿轮属于齿轮加工方法中的 法。
成形24. 对箱体类零件采用“一面两销”定位，其中一个销子要加工成菱形，目的是为了避免 。
过定位25. 加工脆性材料的切屑属于 。
崩碎切屑26. 刀具磨损的形式包括前刀面磨损、后刀面磨损和 。
边界磨损27. 在工件加工和装配过程中，由相互连接的尺寸形成的封闭尺寸组称为 。
尺寸链 28. 自位支承能限制 个自由度。
129. 某工件外径的设计尺寸为00.0825φ-mm ，其加工误差分布规律呈正态分布，实际尺寸的平均值为24.94mm ，该工序的常值系统误差为 。
0.02mm30. 磨削一根丝杠，已知被磨丝杠的长度为400mm ，其温度比机床母丝杠的温度高1C o，工件材料的热膨胀系数为51.1710(1)C α-=⨯o ，则被磨丝杠将伸长 mm 。
0.0047 三、名词解释（本大题共4小题，每小题3分，共12分）31. 工艺规程 将零件的合理加工工艺过程用工艺文件的形式固定下来，用以指导生产，该文件称为工艺规程。
32. 系统性误差 在顺序加工一批工件时，大小和方向都不变或遵循一定规律变化的误差称为系统性误差，其中前者称为常值性系统误差，后者称为变值性系统误差。
33. 特种加工特种加工是利用化学、物理或电化学方法对工件材料进行去除的一系列加工方法的总称。
34. 夹紧工件定位后用外力将其固定，使其在加工过程中保持定位位置不变的操作称为夹紧。
四、简答题（本大题共2小题，每小题4分，共8分）35. 机械加工工序先后顺序的安排应遵循哪些原则？（1）先加工定位基准面，后加工其它表面（2）先加工主要表面，后加工次要表面（3）先安排粗加工工序，后安排精加工工序（4）先加工平面，后加工孔36. 简述无心磨削的工艺特点?不用顶尖支承或卡盘夹持，将工件置于砂轮和导轮之间，并用托板支承定位，工件在导轮摩擦力作用下旋转，这种磨削方式称为无心磨削。
无心磨削的生产效率高，容易实现工艺过程的自动化；不能磨削带键槽和平面的圆柱面，也不能磨削同轴度要求高的阶梯轴外圆表面。
五、标注题（10分）37. 下图为外圆车刀加工圆柱面图。
根据图形写出代号为1～5的刀具角度名称和符号。
假设机床主轴转速为600转/分钟，根据图中参数计算切削速度和背吃刀量的大小。
参考答案：1－主偏角（rκ）；（1分）2－副偏角（/rκ）；（1分）3－前角（oγ）；（1分）4－后角（oα）；（1分）5－刃倾角（sλ）；（1分）切削速度：3.143060056.52m min10001000dnvπ⨯⨯===（或0.942m/s）（3分）背吃刀量：mm 2226302=-=-=m w p d d α （2分）六、分析题（8分）38. 试分析下面定位方案中各定位元件所限制的自由度，并说明定位方案是否有不合理处，若有提出改进措施。
（8分） 答：（1）固定短锥销1限制x 向、y向和z 向3个平动自由度；（2）可滑动短锥销2限制绕x 轴和y 轴2个回转自由度；由上分析，工件绕z 轴回转自由度未被限制，属于不完全定位。
七、计算题（本大题共3小题，共32分）39. （本小题10分）如图所示，在尺寸00.1050-mm 和0.07015+mm 加工后，用工件端面E 定位来铣缺口保证尺寸0.25 08+mm 。
画出尺寸链图，指出尺寸链中的增环，减环和封闭环，并求工序尺寸A 及其公差和上下偏差。
解：（1）尺寸链图：（2）尺寸0.2508+mm 为封闭环，尺寸A 、0.07015+mm 为增环，尺寸00.1050-mm 为减环。
（3） 8=A+15-50ES(8)=ES(A)+ES(15)-EI(50)EI(8)=EI(A)+EI(15)-ES(50) 于是A ＝8＋50－15＝43mmES （A ）＝0.25＋（－0.10）－0.07＝0.08mm EI （A ）＝0＋0－0=0mm T （A ）＝0.08mm故： 0.080A 43mm += （4）按入体原则标注0.08000.08A 4343.08mm +=－＝40. （本小题10分）现欲在一外圆尺寸为008.040-Φmm 的工件上钻一小孔，要求保持尺寸005.035-=l mm ，如采用如图所示两种定位方案，已知V 形块90α=o，第二种方案两个计算V 形块同时移动，具有自动对中功能。
求两种方案的定位误差。
解：方案（a) ：（1）定位基准为轴线，工序基准为上母线，基准不重合。
0.080.0422d jb T ∆===方向向下。
（2）基准位移误差：0.080.056902sin2sin22d jw T α∆===︒方向向下。
所以：0.096DW jb jw ∆=∆+∆=方案（b ）：（1）定位基准为轴线，工序基准为侧母线，基准不重合。
0.080.0422d jb T ∆===方向向右。
（2）由于定心夹紧机构，基准位移0jw ∆=。
所以：0.04DW jb jw ∆=∆+∆=41.（本小题12分）在车床上加工一批直径要求为00.0825φ-mm 的轴。
加工后已知外径尺寸误差呈正态分布，均方根偏差为0.01σ=mm ，分布曲线中心比公差带中心大0.02mm 。
求：（1）试画出正态分布图；（2）计算该批零件的合格率、不合格率及可修复率和不可修复率？ （3）系统性误差是多少？（4）计算工序能力系数，判断本工序工艺能力如何？解：（1）分布曲线中心（平均尺寸）为：max min0.0229.98mm 2x x x +=+=作工件尺寸分布图。
（2）作标准变换，令max min2524.9820.0124.9824.9260.01r l x xZ x x Z σσ--===--===查表，可得max min ()(2)0.4772()(6)0.5z z ϕϕϕϕ===≈（3）故偏大不合格率为：max 0.5()0.0228 2.28%d P z ϕ=-== 可修复；偏小不合格率为：x min 0.5()0P z ϕ=-≈ 不可修复；合格率为：197.72%d x P P P =--= （4）工艺能力系数： 0.08 1.333660.01p T C σ===⨯>1， 说明工艺能力足够 Z1.802.00 2.203.04.0 6.0 )(z ϕ0.46410.47720.48610.498650.4999680.499999。