初中定语从句
初中定语从句详解及练习附答案

定语从句详解及练习附答案第一部分:基础知识(一).定语从句概述定语可以由形容词,代词,数词,名词,不定式,介词短语来充当。
如果是一个句子担任定语,那么这个句子就叫做定语从句,又可称为形容词性从句。
定语从句通常修饰某一名词或代词,被定语从句修饰的这一名词或代词叫先行词,它位于定语从句之前,定语从句在先行词后面,应尽量紧跟先行词。
定语从句的作用即在于对先行词进行限定说明或补充说明。
(二).定语从句的引导词.定语从句的引导词分为两类,关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose )和关系副词( when, where,why ),引导词在先行词和定语从句之间,既起连接作用,即连接先行词和定语从句,更重要的是,它又在定语从句中作一个成分。
(三).关系代词1。
that 指人,物,在从句中作主语,宾语,表语.This is the photo that I took in the country.He is the singer that I met yesterday。
2。
which 指物,在从句中作主语,宾语,在非限定定语从句中充当定语,或者代替前句The film which we saw last night was moving.3. who 指人,在从句中作主语,宾语。
The person who visited our classroom yesterday was our new headmaster。
The man who you just talked to is Tom。
4。
whom 指人,在从句中作宾语。
That is the professor whom you want to know。
5. whose 指人,物,在从句中作定语,相当于先行词+ ’s,后接一名词.I know the boy whose parents are dead。
I don’t like those cities whose roads are dirty.注:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
初中英语语法之——定语从句

注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代who, 如: / whohas a sense of duty won’t 1) Any man that __________ do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 2)All the guests___________ that / whowere invited to her wedding were important people. 所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。
定语从句
(Attributive clause)
一. 定语 定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或 代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式 短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子,汉语中 常用‘……的’表示。 主要由形容词担任,此外,名词,代词,数词, 分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任, 也可以由一个句子来担任。 作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。 短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作 后置定语。
“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代 替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主 语。
三、关系代词引导的定语从句 1. who指人,在从句中做主语 1)The boys who ____are playing soccer are from Class 1. 2)Yesterday I helped an old man who ____lost his way. 2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,在口语和 非正式语体中常用who代替,常可省略。 1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom/who) _____________you talked about. who/whom 2) The man ______________you met just now is my friend.
初中定语从句语法讲解完整版

初中定语从句语法讲解完整版•定语从句基本概念•关系代词引导定语从句目录•关系副词引导定语从句•介词+关系词引导定语从句•特殊类型定语从句•定语从句在句子中成分和位置•总结回顾与拓展延伸01定语从句基本概念定义与作用定义定语从句是对名词或代词进行修饰、限定的从句,其作用是提供更多关于所修饰词的信息。
作用使句子表达更具体、生动,有助于读者或听者更准确地理解所表达的内容。
前置定语通常将定语从句放在被修饰词的前面,如“漂亮的花园”中,“漂亮的”就是前置定语。
将定语从句放在被修饰词的后面,用逗号隔开,如“花园,漂亮的”中,“漂亮的”就是后置定语。
对被修饰词进行必要的限定,使句子意思更明确,如“我喜欢那本红色的书”中,“红色的”就是限定性定语从句。
对被修饰词进行补充说明,去掉后不影响句子意思的完整性,如“我昨天买了本书,它是关于历史的”中,“它是关于历史的”就是非限定性定语从句。
后置定语限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句结构形式与其他从句区别与名词性从句区别名词性从句在句子中充当主语、宾语等成分,而定语从句则充当定语成分,修饰名词或代词。
与状语从句区别状语从句表达主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因等背景信息,而定语从句则对名词或代词进行修饰、限定。
与同位语从句区别同位语从句对前面的名词进行解释说明,两者处于同等地位;而定语从句则对前面的名词进行修饰、限定,处于从属地位。
02关系代词引导定语从句关系代词种类及用法关系代词种类常见的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等。
用法关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等,连接先行词和从句,起到桥梁作用。
限制性定语从句中关系代词省略情况省略条件在限制性定语从句中,当关系代词在从句中充当宾语时,可以省略。
示例The book (that) I borrowed from the library is veryinteresting. 我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。
初中定语从句知识梳理

初中定语从句知识梳理一、定语从句的概念定语从句是由一个句子充当另一个句子的定语,用来修饰名词或代词。
定语从句在句中充当形容词,起到限定或补充说明修饰作用。
二、定语从句的引导词常用的定语从句引导词有:关系代词和关系副词。
1.关系代词:that, who, whom, whose, which2.关系副词:where, when, why三、引导词的用法和区别1.关系代词的用法和区别:(1)that:1)作主语或宾语时,可以先行词是人也可以是物。
2)不能用于非限制性定语从句。
(2)who/whom:1)who作主语时,先行词必须是人。
2)whom作宾语时,先行词必须是人。
3)非限制性定语从句一般用who;宾语从句的引导词只能用whom。
(3)which:1)作主语或宾语时,先行词必须是物。
2)非限制性定语从句一般用which;宾语从句的引导词只能用which。
(4)whose:1)表示"……的",用于人或物,用来修饰名词。
2)通常在定语从句中作用是轻微的。
2.关系副词的用法和区别:(1)where:在定语从句中修饰地点,相当于介词+ which。
(2)when:在定语从句中修饰时间,相当于介词+ which。
(3)why:在定语从句中修饰原因,相当于介词+ which。
四、定语从句的基本结构1.先行词+定语从句引导词+其他成分2.定语从句引导词+先行词+其他成分五、易错点以及注意事项1.区分定语从句和宾语从句:定语从句修饰名词或代词,而宾语从句作动词的宾语。
2.先行词的重复性:定语从句中一般不再重复先行词。
3.谓语动词的变化:定语从句中的谓语动词根据先行词的数和人称变化。
4.引导词的选择:根据先行词的不同特点,选择适当的引导词。
初中英语语法——定语从句用法总结归纳

初中英语语法——定语从句用法总结归纳定语从句是一种引导句,用来修饰主句中的其中一元素,它可以放在
句子的末尾也可以放在句子的中间,它可以表示人或物的属性、行为,也
可以表示特定的时间、地点,其可以紧挨主语或主句元素。
关于定语从句
用法,可以总结如下:
一、定语从句的关系词
1. 一般情况下,用that 或which来引导定语从句。
2. 当定语从句修饰人的时候,用who或whom来代替that或which。
二、定语从句的排列方式
1.无论是放在句首、句中还是句末,定语从句的顺序是:关系词+主
语+谓语+其他成分。
2.在句尾,定语从句可以省略关系词,但同时必须有清楚的上下文逻
辑关系,以保证语意的正确表达。
三、定语从句使用的特殊情况
1. 当定语从句改变主句的主语时,要使用as 引导定语从句。
2. 当定语从句修饰不明确的物体时,可以用whatever, whichever, who或whom来引导定语从句。
3. 当定语从句的内容被省略时,可以用all, some, any, none, little, few, much, many等来引导定语从句。
初中定语从句知识点总结

初中定语从句知识点总结一、定语从句的引导词1. that“that” 既可以用来指代人也可以用来指代事物,常用来引导定语从句,作主语或宾语。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.2. which“which” 只能用来指代事物,常用来引导非限制性定语从句,作主语或宾语。
例如:Tom showed me his new computer, which runs very fast.3. who“who”用来指代人,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:The girl who is singing is my friend.4. whom“whom” 用来指代人,在定语从句中作宾语。
例如:I know the boy whom you met yesterday.5. whose“whose” 用来指示所属关系,常用来引导定语从句,修饰名词。
例如:He met a person whose car was broken down.6. when“when”引导的定语从句,修饰表示时间的名词。
例如:Do you remember the day whenwe first met?7. where“where”引导的定语从句,修饰表示地点的名词。
例如:I know the place where he used to live.8. why“why”引导的定语从句,修饰表示原因的名词。
例如:I don't understand the reason whyhe is so angry.二、定语从句的位置1. 定语从句通常位于被修饰的名词之后,用来对这个名词进行进一步的说明和解释。
例如:The girl who is sitting in the front is my sister.2. 当定语从句中有表示时间,地点,原因等关系的词时,可以用关系副词where、when、why来引导。
初中英语语法专题—定语从句讲解

初中英语语法专题—定语从句讲解一、什么是定语从句?定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
它通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,并对其进行进一步的说明或限制。
二、引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词主要有:that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where等。
- that用于修饰物,常用来引导限制性定语从句;- which用于修饰物,既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句;- who用于修饰人,常用来引导限制性定语从句;- whom用于修饰人,在非正式情况下,常省略为who,也可以引导非限制性定语从句;- whose表示所属关系,修饰人或物;- when表示时间,在定语从句中用来引导时间状语从句;- where表示地点,在定语从句中用来引导地点状语从句。
三、定语从句的位置和用法定语从句可以位于句首、句中或句尾,用来修饰名词或代词。
它可以进一步说明名词的性质、特征、来源等。
以下是一些示例:1. The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting.that you borrowed from me is very interesting.你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣。
2. The girl, who is wearing a red dress, is my sister.who is wearinga red dress, is my sister.那个穿红裙子的女孩是我的妹妹。
3. The city where I was born is very beautiful.where I was born is very beautiful.我出生的城市非常美丽。
4. I have a friend whose father is a doctor.whose father is a doctor.我有一个朋友,他的父亲是医生。
初中英语语法定语从句

初中英语语法:定语从句1在复合句中做定语的从句称为定语从句,它可以用来修饰名词或代词。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一定放在先行词后边。
2指引定语从句的词往常被称为关系词。
关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间,且作为定语从句的一个成分。
关系词又分为关系代词和关系副词。
I关系代词指引的定语从句关系代词所取代的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充任主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that这些词取代的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。
比如:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?( who/that 在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
( whom/that 在从句中作宾语)2)whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which 交换)。
比如:They rushed over to help the man whose car hadbroken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that 所取代的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
比如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen beforeappears in the countryside.乡村出现了亘古未有的繁华。
(which / that 在句中作宾语)The package come unwrapped. (which / that)you are carrying is about to你拿的包快散了。
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定语从句1.定语从句的定义定语从句由关系代词引导who,whom,whose,which,that2.用法由关系副词引导when ,where,why知识点一定语从句的定义在复合句中起定语作用,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的词作先行词,通常位于定语从句之前。
引导定语从句的有关糸代词和关糸副词。
关糸代词或关糸副词在定语从句中既起连接作用,又充当从句当中的成分。
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of the words.知诏点二关系代词的用法1、 who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
g. The boys( who are playing football) are from Class One.注:定语从句的谓语动词的数应与先行词保持一致Do you know the girl(who often comes here)?2. whom指人,是Who的宾格,在定语从句中作宾语,常可省。
若前面有介词时,则Whom不可省去,也不可用who替换eg. He is the boy (whom) I talked with just now.I know the girl with whom you went shopping yesterday.3. Which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省,但若前面有介词则不可省略,也不可用that替换。
I like the books which are written by lu Xun.我喜欢鲁迅写的书>在定语从句中作主语The desks(which) we made last year were very good.This is the house in which we lived last year.4. that既可指人,又可指物。
指人时相当于who或whom;指物时相当于which。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省。
I saw the man who/ that closed the door.The school (which/that)we visited yesterday is a famous one in Shanghai.5. Whose是Who的所有格,作后面名词的定语。
既可指人,又指物。
eg. Miss wing is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing.I live in a house whose windows face the south.知诏点三只能用that的情况1. 先行词是不定代词all ,few,little,much,something,anything,等时,只能用that.All that he said is true.。
Is there any thing that you don't understand?2. 当先行词被the only, the very,the same, the last修饰时,只能用that.This is the only gift that my mother bought for me.That is the very dress that I want to buy.3. 当先行词被序数词成形容词最高级修饰时,只能用that.This is the best book that I have ever read.The first letter that I got from him will be kept.4. 当先行词既包括人又包括物时,只能用that。
eg. We talked about the people and things that we remembered。
5. 当主句是以Who域which开头的特殊疑问句时,为避免重复,只能用that。
eg. Who is that woman that is standing under the treeWhich is the hotel that you like best知识点四关系副词的用法1、 When表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
其前一般有表示时间的名词。
eg. People will always remember the time when Hong Kong and Macao returned to our motherland.2. Where表示地点,在定语从中作地点状语。
其前一般有表示地点的名词eg. This is the school where I studied thee years ago.Shanghai is the city Where I was born.3. why表示原因,在定语从句中作原因状谣。
其先行词通常为表示原因的reasoneg, He didn' t tell her the reason why he was so happy.Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.注意!使用关糸代词或副词的注意事项先行词是地点时,若该先行词作定语从句的主语或宾语时,用关代词that或Which;如果该先行词作狀语,用关系副词Where。
eg. The school that /which I used to study in is becoming better and better.--> the school作介词的宾语The place where the accident happened isn't far from our School.→where作地点状语出题点:A. 只用that不用which的情况B.只用which不用that的情况C.定语从句中的主谓一致D.“介词+关系代词”结构中介词的选择I综合提高1. Guiyang is one of the coolest cities I've ever been to in summer.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when2. He didn`t pass the exam again, _______ let his mom down.A. thatB. itC. whatD. which3. The kids are playing hide-and-seek, they hide themselves in the places ______ couldn’t be found by others.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that4. Is this the school _____ you studied 3 years ago?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one5. Is this school ______ your friend visited last Sunday?A. thatB. whereC. the oneD. which6. This is the factory in he worded before.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. when7. I have lost my watch, I like very much.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one8. This is the reason _______ he couldn`t come.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whether9. Can you tell me ______ he told you just now?A. all which B . that C. which D. all that10. There is nothing I can do for you.A. whoB. whichC. whatD. that11. I have bought the same glasses ______ he is wearing.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what12. Is this the school _______ you visited last Sunday?A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. the one13. The writer and his novels I told you about are popular.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that14. The girl __________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A. who is singingB. is singingC. sangD. was singing15. This is the first time I have been to Sanya.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. which16. Who is the person is talking with your sister?A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which17. Do you know about the boy __________?A. I talked just nowB. whom I talked just nowC. I talked to him just nowD. I talked to just now18. Here is the book _______ last Sunday.A. you mentionedB. you mentioned itC. which you mentioned toD. that you mentioned with19. I`ll never forget the days _______ we spent together.A. whoB. whichC. whatD. that20. I`ll never forget the days _______ you helped me.A. when,B. that,C. which,D. when,。