直接引语变间接引语(宾语从句)讲解与练习(附答案)
直接引语和间接引语用法及练习(含答案)
直接引语和间接引语直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人的立场作相应变动。
人称代词的变动情况要根据语境及转述人的不同作相应变化，一般情况下，与汉语中的变化相同。
可记住一个口诀：“一主、二宾、三不变”。
即第一人称按照主句中的主语变化，第二人称按照主句中的宾语变化，第三人称一般不需要变化。
例如： 1) He said, “I am glad to see you.”→He said that he was glad to see me. 2) “Do you know the man over there?” Mary said to Tom.→Mary asked Tom if he knew the man over there.3) Jim said to me, “Jane left her schoolbag at home.”→Jim told me that Jane had left her schoolbag at home.2、时态的变化（1）主句的谓语动词是一般过去时直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时(不变)一般将来时过去将来时一般将来进行时过去将来进行时一般将来完成时过去将来完成时如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。
直接引语改为间接引语时,动词时态相应变化表：He said, “I usually watch TV on Sunday.”他说：“我常在星期天看电视”。
→He said that he usually watched TV on Sunday.他说他常在星期天看电视。
He said, “I'm using the knife.”他说：“我正在用小刀。
”→He said that he was using the knife.他说他正在用小刀。
初中直接引语变间接引语讲解与练习
初中直接引语变间接引语讲解与练习直接引语和间接引语概述1.我们把引述别人的话语可归纳为两种方式，一种是直接引述别人的话语，并置于引号之内的称为直接引语，另一种是用自己的语言转述别人的话语，称为间接引语，间接一般构成宾语从句。
The teacher asked, “Do you like English?”老师问：“你喜欢英语吗？”（直接引语）The girl said that she liked English very much. 这个女孩说她非常喜欢英语。
（间接引语）2.一般在直接引语或间接引语当中都有一个引述动词，如tell, ask, say等。
这些引述动词和它们的主语所放位置比较灵活，可以放在直接引语之前、之后或其中。
主语如果是名词时，可以倒装。
“主语+引述动词”放在间接引语当中就相当于宾语从句的主语部分。
He told me, “I am going to Changchun tomorrow.”他告诉我：“明天我打算去长春。
”“Where are you from?” asked Linda. “你来自哪里？”琳达问。
直接引语变间接引语的变化形式1.人称代词和指示代词的变化指示代词this 和these通常变为that和those 。
人称代词也要根据情况做适当调整。
从句中的第一人称多变为第三人称，第二人称根据情况改为第一人称或第三人称，第三人称不变。
例如：He said, “I came to help you.”他说：“我是来帮助你的。
”→He said that he had come to help me.他说他是来帮助我的。
2.时态的变化（1）引述动词如果用一般现在时或一般将来时，间接引语的时态不变。
（2）引述动词如果用一般过去时，间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种。
具体变化如下：一般现在时→一般过去时一般过去时→过去完成时现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成时一般将来时→过去将来时（1）含有情态动词的直接引语变成间接引语是，情态动词也要相应地变成过去时态。
直接引语转间接引语讲解,练习题及答案
直接引语转间接引语讲解,练习题及答案当直接引语中有情态动词时，间接引语中要保留情态动词，并根据时态和语态的变化来确定情态动词的形式。
例如：He said。
"I can swim."→He said that he could swim.当直接引语中有时间状语或地点状语时，间接引语中要相应地改变时间或地点状语的位置和形式。
例如：She said。
"I will ___."→She said that she would meet me there the next day.当直接引语中有复合句时，间接引语中要把宾语从句变成陈述句，并根据时态和语态的变化来确定动词的形式。
例如：He said。
"I don't know where she is."→He said that he didn't know where she was.Direct ___ it is ___ into indirect speech。
the tense remainsthe same。
For example: "They told their son。
'The earth goes round the sun.'" es "They told their son that the earth goes roundthe sun."When turning direct speech into indirect speech。
pronouns。
time adverbs。
and place adverbs ___: "He said。
'I ___.'" es"___."Note: If ___ is taking place in the same n。
宾语从句(直接引语变间接引语)的讲解与练习
宾语从句（直接引语变间接引语）的讲解与练习各种句型的直接引语改成间接引语时的相应变化：一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1．These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.3．There will be a meeting in five d ays. Jack didn’t know.Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.4．Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.5．Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.6 What's his name? I asked him.I asked him what _____ _____ _____.二、选择填空。
( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.A. if you are free the next weekB. what colour was itC. the weather is fineD. summer comes after spring( ) 2.Peter knew _______________.A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a yearD. when they will leave for Paris( )3. Could you tell me ___________?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. where you live in( )4. I can't understand ______the boy alone.A. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had she left( )5 The manager came up to see __________.A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what the matter isD. what's the matter( )6. He asked his father _______.A. where it happensB. where did it happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen( )7. No one tells us______, so we need your help.A. how we should doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do it( )8. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking三、用合适的连接词填空。
高中直接引语和间接引语转化详解(含习题及答案)
直接引语和间接引语转化详解引用别人的话有两种方式，一种是讲述别人的原话，并把它放在引号里，这叫直接引语；另一种是用自己的话来转述别人，并且不能用引号，这就是间接引语。
直接引语和间接引语之间可以互相转换。
扩展1、直接引语如果表示客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。
2、直接引语若有明确的表示时间的词语，变间接引语时，时态不变。
3、若直接引语中含有c o u l d,m u s t,s h o u l d等情态动词，变间接引语时，时态不变。
4、直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。
5、用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。
直接引语变间接引语的五点变化1.时态变化直接引语变为间接引语时，若主句为过去时态，变为宾语从句的时态如下表："l l i k e E n g l i s h v e r y m u c h,"h e s a i d.他说：“我很喜欢英语。
”→H e s a i d t h a t h e l i k e d E n g l i s h v e r y m u c h.H e s a i d,"I t w i l l r a i n s o o n."他说：“很快就会下雨。
”→H e s a i d t h a t i t w o u l d r a i n s o o n.注意：[1]若直接引语为客观真理，则变为间接引语时时态不变：T h e t e a c h e r s a i d t o u s,"K n o w l e d g e i s p o w e r."老师对我们说：“知识就是力量”→T h e t e a c h e r t o l d u s t h a t k n o w l e d g e i s p o w e r.[2]有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时态状语，变为间接引语时时态也可不变：H e s a i d,”M y d a u g h t e r w a s b o r n i n1997."他说：“我的女儿是1997年出生的。
直接引语变间接引语【附答案解析】
直接引语变间接引语【附答案解析】直接引语变间接引语专项练习题间接引语的三要素:1.引导词2.语序3.时态⼈称变化间接引语的四种情况:主语+谓语+(引导词)宾语从句(注意语序)1)主语+谓语+陈述句(引导词that 可以省略)2)主语+谓语+⼀般疑问句(if/whether…引导)3)主语+谓语+特殊疑问句（特殊疑问词引导（what,how等）4)祈使句→ask/tell sb.(not) to do sth.1.⼈称变化例1:He said: “I like it very much.”He said that he liked it very much.总结：直接引语为第⼀⼈称时，间接引语⼀般为第三⼈称。
例2：He said to Kate: “How is your sister ?”He asked Kate how was her sister.总结：主语为第⼆⼈称，间接引语中⼈称跟引号外的主语⼀致例3：Mr. Smith said: “John is a good student.”Mr. Smith said John was a good student.总结：主语为第三⼈称时，间接引语中⼈称⼀般不变化。
归纳：⼀随主，⼆随宾，第三⼈称不更新。
2.时间、地点变化：He said, “I lost a key here yesterday.”He said that he had lost a key there the day before/the previous day.“I read the book here a week ago,”Jane said to him.Jane told him that she had read the book there a week before.She said, “I’ll come here again tonight.”She said she would go there again that night.May said to Tom, “I’ll bring some photos here to you tomorrow.”May told Tom she would take some photos there to him the next day. Practie11. “I went to the Great Wall yesterday,”Li Hua said.→Li Hua said that he had gone to the Great Wall the day before.2.“We have to finish our experiment, ”they said.→They said they had to finish their experiment.3.“You speak English very well.”the teacher said to me. →The teacher told me I spoke English very well.4.My teacher said, “she is a good student.”→My teacher said she was a good student5.She says,”I will go to Beijing next month.”→She says she will go to Beijing the next month.时态变化：1）例句分析He said, “I can do well in English.”He said that he could do well in English.He said, “I'm writing a letter.”He said that he was writing a letter.“I saw her last Monday,”he said.He said he had seen her the previous Monday.“I have seen her before,”said he.He said he had seen her before.He said: “I had finished my homework.”He said he had finished his homework.Tom said to me “I will call you tomorrow.”Tom told me that he would call me the next day.总结：I. 将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空⼀词：1. “I never eat meat.”he said.He said that ______ never ______ meat.2. “I’ve found my wallet.”he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet.3. “I took it home with me.”she said.She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.5. “I met her yesterday.”he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______.6. “You must come here before five.”he said.He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.”he said.He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______.8. “Did you see her last week?”he said.He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?”he asked.He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?”he asked. He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.13. “Stop making so much noise, children.”he said.He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise.14. “Don’t tell him the news.”she said.She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news.15. “Are you interested in this?”he said.He ______ ______ I was interested in ______.【参考答案】1. he, ate2. told, had, found, his3. she, had, taken4. rise, goes5. told, had, before6. had, there7. had, before 8. asked, if [whether], before9. told, could 10. how, she, had11. where, I, had, those 12. if [whether], I, lived13. told, to, stop 14. not, to, tell15. asked, if [whether], thatII.巩固练习：1. Our teacher asked us _____ our dictionaries to school.A. bringB. broughtC. bringD. to bring2. The teacher told the boy students ______ football on the grass.A. not playB. not to playC. playedD. playing3. ____ Tom didn’t go to school?A. Do you know howB. Why do you knowC. How you know whyD. Do you know why4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me _____ that prevents her from being as happy as before?A. what it isB. it is whatC. how it isD. it is how5. Betty asked her sister ____ to the railway station to see her off.A. not to comeB. not to goC. to not comeD. to not go6. The pupil asked his teacher _____ round the earth.A. weather the moon goesB. that the moon wentC. whether the moon goesD. whether the moon went7. Mr. Li ____ Wang Ling ____ a taxi to the airport.A. asked; takeB. asked; takingC. told; takeD. told; to take8. She asked him ____.A. whose dictionary this isB. whose dictionary that wasC. whose dictionary is thisD. whose dictionary that is9. Mary’s mother asked her _____.A. that whether she had finished her homeworkB. if she has finished her homeworkC. if she had finished her homeworkD. that if she had finished her homework10. Do you know ____?A. what is he doingB. what he doingC. what he is doingD. what does he do now11. I don’t know ____ to learn English.A. when did he beginB. when he beganC. he when beganD. when he begins12. He asked me ____.A. how would the weather be like tomorrowB. what the weather would be like the next dayC. how the weather would be like tomorrowD. what would the weather be like the next day13. You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Spring Festival presents.A. how excited they wereB. how excited were theyC. how they were excitedD. they were how excited14. She told me that she ____ by her relatives at the bus stop.A. had been seen offB. have seen offC. have been seen offD. had seen off15. Do you remember how many times ____ to Australia?A. had you beenB. did you goC. have you beenD. you have been16. Can you guess ____?A. what is that manB. who that man isC. whom that man isD. who is that man17. More and more students and teachers have began to know ____.A. how important the foreign language areB. how the foreign language is importantC. how important the foreign language isD. how important is the foreign language18. The hostess said that it ___ time that they ___ supper.A. was; hadB. was; had hadC. is; haveD. is; have had19. The boss asked his secretary ____ he had finished typing the report ____.A. if; or notB. if; notC. whether; or notD. whether; not20. I wonder how much _____.A. does he spend on his carB. did he spend on his carC. he spent on his carD. he spent in his car[答案]1-5:DBDAB 6-10:CDBCC 11-15:BBAAD 16-20:BCACCIII.将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空⼀词：1. “I am having supper,”he said.He said that _______ _______ having supper.2. “I’ve seen the film,”Gina said to me.Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film.3. “I went home with my sister,”she said.She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister.4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”The teacher said that the sun _______ bigger than the moon.5. “I met her yesterday,”he said to me.He told me that he _______ met her the day _______.6. “You must come here before five,”he said.He said that I _______ to go _______ before five.7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,”she said.She said that she _______ bought the computer two weeks _______.8. “Did you read the book last week?”he said.He _______ _______ I had read the book the week _______.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _______ Jim that he _______ sit there10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _______ _______ _______ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?”he asked.He asked me _______ _______ _______ been _______ days.12 “Do you know where she lives?”he asked.He asked _______ _______ knew where she _______.13. “Keep quiet, children.”he said.He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet.14. “Don’t look out of the window,”she said.She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window.15. “Are you interested in this?”he said.He _______ _______ I was interested in _______.[答案]1. he was2.told, had seen3.she had gone4.is5.had before6.had there7.had before8.asked if/whether, before9.told,could 10.how she had 11.where I had, those 12.if/whether I, lived 13.told, to keep 14.not to look 15.asked if/whether, thatIV. 将所给直接引语变为间接引语1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.”2．She said: “He will be busy.”3．She said to T om, “Can you help me?”4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”6．The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.”7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”10．The boy said to us, “I usually get up at six every day.”11．He said, “We are still students.’12．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.13．The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”14．He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.”15．She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus. 16．Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”17．He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.18．She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”19．I said to him, “I have finished it.”20．She said to us,“I’ll come here tomorrow.”21．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?”the young man asked.22．“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,”the little boy saidhappily.23．“Light travels faster than sound,”the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.24．“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?”Mary asked me. 25．“What did you do here yesterday?”the old man asked my brother. 附答案：1．He told me that he had left his book in his room.2．She said that he would be busy.3．She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.4．She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5．The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6．The teacher told the students not to waste their time.7．The mother asked Tom to get up early.8．The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9．My father said practice makes perfect.10．The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.11．He said they are still students.12．He told me that he was born in 1978.13．The engineer said he was at college in 1967.14．He said he had studied English since he was a boy.15．She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus. 16．Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.17．He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.18．She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.19．I told him I had finished it.20．She told us she would come here tomorrow21．The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived. 22．The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.23．The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels fasterthan sound.24．Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.25．The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.。
直接引语和间接引语讲解及练习
直接引语变间接引语这两种引语都是宾语从句,但是直接引语放在引号内,不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号,通常用连接词与主句联接一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化例：Hesaid,“I'mveryglad.”→Hesaidhewasveryglad.例：Hesaid,“Canyoucomethisafternoon,John”→HeaskedJohncouldcomethatafternoon.例:Hesaid,“WhereisMr.Wang”→Heasked whereMr.Wangwas.Tomsaystome,“whatfood doyoulikebest”.→TomasksmefoodIlikebestOurparentstoldus“LearnEnglishwell”我们的父母告诉我们：“把英语学好啊”OurparentstoldusEnglishwell.我们的父母告诉我吗要把英语学好;Theteachersaidtome,“Don’treadthatnovel”Theteacherasked/toldmethatnovel.Ourparentstoldus,“Neverdowrong”父母告诉我们：“不要做错事”Ourparentstoldusnevertodowrong.我们的父母告诉我们不要做错事;二、人称的变化例如：“I wenttotheGreatWallyesterday,”LiHua said.→LiHuasaidthat he hadgonetotheGreatWallthedaybefore.“I’llcometohelp you wheneveryouneedmyhelp,”he answered her.→Heansweredherthat he wouldcometohelp her wheneversheneededhishelp.Shesaidto me,“Your pronunciationisbetterthanhis.”→Shetoldmethat my pronunciationwasbetterthanhis.三、时态变化主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化直接引语变为间接引语时时态不作改变的情况Hesays,“I’mtired.”→Hesaysthatheistired.Hewillsay,“Theboywaslazy.”→Hewilltellyouthattheboywaslazy.Ourgeographyteachersaidtous,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”→Ourgeographyteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.Shesaid,“Iwasbornin1995.”→Shesaidthatshewasbornin1995.典型例题1Canyoutellme_______A.whatthematterisB.whatmatteritisC.what’sthematterD.thematteriswhat2Thephysicsteachersaidtheearth____aroundthesun.A.ismovingB.movedC.hadmovedD.moves语法专练1.Motheraskedtheyoungestkid____withhiscar.A.whatthematterB.WhatwasthematterC.whatthematterisD.whatisthematter2.Thetouristaskedtheguidewhathe____visitthenextday.A.wasgoingtoB.willC.isgoinginD.isto3.Theteachertoldusthatlight____fasterthansound.A.traveledB.hadtraveledC.istravelingD.travels4.Tomhankstoldhisteacherthathe____bornin1968.A.wasB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen5.LindaaskedAmy_____shecouldtellherthegeneralideasofthepoem.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.how6.Mybrothersaidtome,“I’mgoingtohaveaholidaynextweek.”Mybrother________________________________goingtohaveaholidaythenextweek.7.Mothersaidtome,“Whatareyoudoingintheroom”Motheraskedme___________________________________intheroom.8.Heasked,“CanIborrowyourbike”Heasked_______________________borrowmybike9.Tomsaidtome,“Doyoulikefootball”Tomaskedme_________________________football10.Shesaidtome,“Iwentovermylessonslastnight.”Shetoldme____________________________overherlessonsthenightbefore.附：UnitI短语归纳1.做个好朋友tobeagoodfriend2.做下列调查makethefollowingsurvey3.合计总分addupthescore4.得分getpoints5.心烦意乱地来到学校cometoschoolupset6.不理睬铃声ignorethebell7.使你那个德国朋友平静下来calmdownyourGermanfriend8.关心你朋友beconcernedaboutyourfriends9.松开了getloose10.不得不去户外遛狗havegottowalkthedogoutdoors11.帮他期末考试作弊helphimcheatintheend-of-termexam12.列出理由makealistofreasons/listthereasons13.记下一连串的请求setdownaseriesofrequests14.根据问卷调查accordingtothequestionnaire15.根据编辑的忠告accordingtotheeditor’sadvice16.为了分担你的困难inordertoshareyourdifficulties/troubles17.与老板相爱fallinlovewiththeboss18.与我的同桌相处融洽getalong/onwellwithmydeskmate19.关心青少年beconcernedaboutteenagers20.为了和老板面对面地交流inordertocommunicatewiththebossfacetoface21.信任政府trust/believeinthegovernment22.经历了太多的战争gothroughtoomanywars23.相邻的城镇neighboringtowns24.相邻的国家neighboringcountries直接引语变间接引语练习题一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语,每空一词：1.“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.Hesaidthat______never______meat.2.“I’vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.He______methathe__________________wallet.3.“Itookithomewithme.”shesaid.Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.5.“Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.He______methathe______mettheday______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”hesaid.Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.8.“Didyouseeherlastweek”hesaid.He____________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He______Jimthathe______sitthere.10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother”Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays”heasked.Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives”heasked.Heasked____________knewwhereshe______.13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.He______thechildren____________makingsomuchnoise.14.“Don’ttellhimthenews.”shesaid.Shetoldme___________________himthenews.15.“Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthat______________havingsupper.16.“I’veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe______________thefilm.17.“Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.18.“Keepquiet,children.”hesaid.He_______thechildren______________quiet.20.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,”shesaid.Shetoldme_____________________outofthewindow.家庭作业1.“Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthat______________havingsupper.2.“I’veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe______________thefilm.3.“Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.”Theteachersaidthatthesun_______biggerthanthemoon.5.“Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.Hetoldmethathe_______methertheday_______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive,”hesaid.HesaidthatI_______togo_______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthecomputertwoweeksago,”shesaid.Shesaidthatshe_______boughtthecomputertwoweeks_______.8.“Didyoureadthebooklastweek”hesaid.He______________Ihadreadthebooktheweek_______.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He_______Jimthathe_______sitthere10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother”Heaskedhermother_____________________foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays”heasked.Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.12“Doyouknowwhereshelives”heasked me.Heaskedme______________knewwhereshe_______.13.“Keepquiet,children.”hesaid.He_______thechildren______________quiet.14.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,”shesaid.Shetoldme_____________________outofthewindow.15.“Areyouinterestedinthis”hesaid tome.Heasked______________Iwasinterestedin_______.。
直接引语变间接引语(宾语从句)讲解与练习(附答案)知识讲解
直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）讲解与练习一．讲解：在复合句中，作宾语的句子（主谓结构）就叫宾语从句。
直接引语变间接引语多数情况下构成宾语从句。
变化时应注意以下几点：1．引导词（连词）①如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，引导词用that, that没有实际意义，口语或非正式文体中常省略e.g He said, “My mother is a doctor.”→He said (that) his mother was adoctor.②如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用if。
不能省略 e.g “Are youEnglish?” He asked m e→He asked me if I was English.③如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用特殊疑问句的疑问词，如：whatwhen where which who how等，这些词有意义，不能省略：eg “How old are you ?” He askedm e→He asked me how old I was.二．间接引语的宾语从句中，引导词之后都必须使用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语…），肯定式的宾语从句不用助动词do(did或does) e.g.She asked, “What does he want?”→She asked what he wanted.He asked me ,“Do you like English?”→He asked me if I liked English.三．时态的变化：1.如果主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,则间接引语中宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。
基本原则是：往过去的方向推一个时态，即一般现在时变成一般过去时，现在进行时变成过去进行时，一般将来时变成过去将来时eg:① He asked me, “Do you have a dictionary?”→He asked me if I had a dictionary.② She asked, “What is Tom doing? →She asked what Tom was doing.③ She said ,“I will leave a message on his desk.”→She said that she would leavea message on his desk.2.如果宾语从句表达的是客观真理，自然现象。
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直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）讲解与练习一．讲解：在复合句中，作宾语的句子（主谓结构）就叫宾语从句。
直接引语变间接引语多数情况下构成宾语从句。
变化时应注意以下几点：1．引导词（连词）①如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，引导词用that, that没有实际意义，口语或非正式文体中常省略e.g He said, “My mother is a doctor.”→He said (that) his mother was adoctor.②如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用if。
不能省略 e.g “Are youEnglish?” He asked m e→He asked me if I was English.③如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用特殊疑问句的疑问词，如：whatwhen where which who how等，这些词有意义，不能省略：eg “How old are you ?” He askedm e→He asked me how old I was.二．间接引语的宾语从句中，引导词之后都必须使用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语…），肯定式的宾语从句不用助动词do(did或does) e.g.She asked, “What does he want?”→She asked what he wanted.He asked me ,“Do you like English?”→He asked me if I liked English.三．时态的变化：1.如果主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,则间接引语中宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。
基本原则是：往过去的方向推一个时态，即一般现在时变成一般过去时，现在进行时变成过去进行时，一般将来时变成过去将来时eg:① He asked me, “Do you have a dictionary?”→He asked me if I had a dictionary.② She asked, “What is Tom doing? →She asked what Tom was doing.③ She said ,“I will leave a message on his desk.”→She said that she would leavea message on his desk.2.如果宾语从句表达的是客观真理，自然现象。
则无论主句用什么时态，间接引语中的宾语从句一律使用现在时。
eg:① The teacher said to us, “The earth goes round thesun.”→The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun② He said, “Lighttravels faster than sound. ”→He said that light travels faster than sound.四．人称的变化与汉语中的情况大体相同，指示代词，时间状语和动词的变化见课本第99页的表格。
五．练习：Ⅰ选择填空。
( )1.He said that he ________speak a little English when he was five.A is able toB ableC couldD can( )2.Please tell me where _______have our picnic tomorrow。
A we willB will weC you areD will you( )3.Did you hear________ clearly?A what he saidB what he saysC what did he sayD how did he said( )4.He wanted to know why _______up late.A did she getB she gotC does she getD she gets( )5.Could you tell me ________from your house to the factory?A how far it isB it is how farC how far it wasD how far is it( )6.Could you tell me if it _________ tomorrow?A rainB will rainC rainingD rains( )7.Tom asked me ________ English.A if I likesB if I likedC that I likeD that I liked( )8.Our teacher told us the earth ________around the sun.A goesB goC wentD going( )9.Do you remember what________________ when I came in?A Tom is doingB Tom was doingC is Tom doingD was Tom doing( )10.He asked how many pictures_______。
A did they drawB do they drawC they will drawD they would draw( )11.They asked if the teacher ________them some songs the next week.A would teachB had taughtC will teachD taught( )12.He asked me if I ________in Shanghai.A liveB livedC is livingD will liveⅡ．句型转换。
1. I don’t know what to say.I don’t know ________ ________ ________ ________.2. “What’s your favorite color” she asked me.She asked me what ________ favorite color _________.3. “What are you doing?” Jim asked me.Jim asked me ________ ________ ________ __________.4 Tom said to me, “You are a good student.”Tom told me ________ ________ ________ a good student.5He said , “I will go to the Great Wall tomorrow.”He said that he ________ ________ to the Great Wall _______ ________ ______.6“Do you like playing football.” She asked me.She asked me ________ ________ ________ playing football.7“I can’t work out this math problem.” Tom said.Tom said that ________ ________ work out ____________ math problem.8 He asked Jim, “ Where does your pen pal come from?”He asked Jim __________ __________ pen pal __________ from.9. Mary asked Gina, “ Are you ill?”Mary asked Gina _________ ________ __________ ill.10. Tom said to me , “Pass the ball to me.”Tom ________me ________ ________ the ball to _________.四、专项练习1. The new comer asked the librarian ____ he could take the book out of the library.A. ifB. whenC. whatD. which2. Did you ask me who _____ next day?A. will comeB. cameC. comesD. would come3. –Mike didn’t tell us ____ he was leaving that day.–I know. By air.A. whenB. howC. whyD. whether4. –Hurry to the safety!–What? You ordered us _____ to the safety.A. hurryB. hurryingC. hurriedD. to hurry5. –What does it say?–It says that it _______ from 8 to 10.A. is openB. openedC. is closeD. closed(一) 用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. –Tom looks __________. (sleep) Why? –He worked too late yesterday.2. Let’s check up whether our ________ is ok. (record)3. The travel agency has made an __________ plan for us. ( excite)4. His little girl hasn’t come back yet so he is _________ about her. (worry)5. They didn’t give any _____________ until we asked lawyers for some help. (explain)6. Nobody trusts him. We know he hasn’t told the _________. (true)7. She feels ________ if someone misunderstands her.( happy)8. Do you think Pirates of Caribbean is an _________ movie? (enjoy)9. It is _____________ for young children to talk with strangers. (danger)(二) 填入适当的词组完成句子。